1157:
1601:
1613:
71:
122:-based Atlantic Savings Bank and Atlantic National Bank. Atlantic Savings Bank, renamed in 1918, opened October 1, 1874, as the Germania Savings Bank. In May 1928, the names of the two Atlantic banks were changed to Citizens and Southern Bank of South Carolina, although the bank was operating only in Charleston with two locations on King Street and was owned by C&S of Georgia.
313:. It was built in 1901, and has 14 floors. It was the first steel framed building to be built in Atlanta. It was known as the Empire Building from 1901–1920, the Atlanta Trust Company Building from 1920–1929, and as the Citizens and Southern National Bank Building from 1929-1992. This building was given as a gift to GSU in 1992 following the acquisition of C&S by NCNB.
468:
79:
229:, quickly recognized that C&S/Sovran was also "distressed". The NCNB purchase of First Republic almost doubled NCNB's assets which helped it to acquire the weakened C&S/Sovran in 1991. C&S/Sovran had $ 49 billion in assets compared to NCNB's $ 69 billion in assets upon merger. The merged company took the name
138:. In 1940, preparing for new federal rules that prohibited banks from operating in multiple states, C&S of South Carolina became a separate corporate entity from C&S of Georgia, allowing South Carolina to have a large "local" bank. In 1956, C&S of South Carolina merged with Growers Bank and Trust in
243:
C&S/Sovran merged into NCNB as a stock swap transaction and was valued at $ 4.259 billion. NCNB issued .84 of its shares for each C&S/Sovran shares. Based on NCNB's closing stock price of $ 37 on July 19, 1991, the last full trading day prior to the announcement, each share of C&S/Sovran
1081:
Many pictures of C&S's headquarters from 1929 until 1968. The building is now known as the
Georgia State's Robinson College of Business. Bank of America which merged with the former C&S through a series of mergers continues to run the banking floor in the building. Notice that while the BoA
114:
and Hugh C. Lane were important figures in the growth and success of C&S. Mills Lane Jr., serving as president, vice chairman and chairman between 1946 and 1973, made C&S the South's largest bank as well as the most profitable of the 50 largest U.S. banks. Hugh C. Lane was elected chairman
221:
The hasty merger of C&S and Sovran
Financial was intended to create a strong, dominant regional bank. However, two problems soon emerged that made C&S/Sovran a takeover target. First was infighting between executives of the two newly combined banks with an Atlanta faction (C&S) and a
109:
In preparation to open offices in South
Carolina, Citizens and Southern Bank received its charter from the Comptroller of the Currency on May 2, 1927. The "place where its operations ... are to be carried on", is described in that charter as the "City of Savannah, in the County of Chatham and
90:
with the merger of the
Citizens Bank of Savannah (established November 2, 1887) and its crosstown rival, the Southern Bank of Georgia in 1906. Mills B. Lane had begun at Citizens Bank as a vice president and director in 1891. In 1901, Lane became president of Citizens Bank. In 1906, Lane and his
339:
Construction of a new, much larger headquarters building in
Atlanta began in 1991, shortly before C&S merged with Sovran. The new building would never be a headquarters for C&S, as NCNB bought it while construction was underway. It opened as NationsBank Plaza in 1992, and then renamed to
161:
From 1984–1986, the
Southeastern Regional Banking Compact allowed Southern banks with primarily Southern deposits to acquire or be acquired by each other while keeping the feared New York, Chicago, and West Coast banks out. This led several of the stronger Southern banks to begin buying regional
145:
In 1985, the
Citizens and Southern Georgia Corporation agreed to acquire Citizens and Southern National Bank of South Carolina for $ 400m or $ 55/share, reuniting (in 1986) the two banks which had been separated in 1940. At the time the two C&S banks reunited, C&S of South Carolina had
189:
In 1988, C&S initiated merger talks with First
Federal Savings Bank in Brunswick Ga. However, First Federal rejected the deal claiming C&S's offer was insufficient and C&S ended the talks. Later, First Federal unsuccessfully sued C&S/Sovran to block NCNB's merger with
149:
C&S of
Georgia also acquired Landmark Banks of Florida in 1985. The Landmark Bank became The Citizens & Southern National Bank of Florida. C&S of Georgia doubled its size in eighteen months as a result of the acquisition of Landmark Banks and C&S of South Carolina.
579:
324:
In 1968, C&S moved its headquarters to the newly built C&S Bank Tower (built 1964–1968) which was designed by
Richard Aeck (1912–1996). A unique building for that time in Atlanta, it echoed Frank Lloyd Wright's design used in the
197:, which had grown from a one-state bank into a regional powerhouse, announced plans for a hostile takeover of C&S, and started buying up large blocks of C&S stock. Partly to fend off further takeover attempts, C&S acquired
62:(1835), then belonged to the Charleston Chamber of Commerce (1914), and finally became a bank again when C&S purchased the two-story building in 1966. Located at 50 Broad Street, it is now a private office building.
213:, Georgia, South Carolina, Virginia, Tennessee, Kentucky and the District of Columbia. It appeared to be an enormous Southern super-regional bank rich enough to resist takeover attempts by other banks.
91:
associates purchased Southern Bank of Georgia enabling them to merge the two banks as the new C&S Bank. The newly merged banks were officially named the Citizens and Southern Bank of Georgia.
142:
In 1960, C&S of South Carolina installed computers which improved efficiency allowing accountholders with $ 100 minimum balance per month to have free checking, a first in South Carolina.
153:
C&S had several affiliated companies including the C&S Corporation, the C&S Realty Corporation, the C&S Computer Services Corporation, and the C&S Housing Corporation.
240:
Before the NCNB/C&S/Sovran merger, NCNB was ranked 10th in the US in terms of assets while C&S/Sovran was ranked 12th. Following the merger, NationsBank was ranked 3rd.
58:, is the second oldest bank building in the U.S. and possibly the oldest still used as a bank. Constructed in 1798 as the Bank of South Carolina it later became the home for the
726:
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1336:
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55:
23:) was an American bank which started as a Georgia institution that expanded into South Carolina, Florida and into other states via mergers. Headquartered in
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C&S had two headquarters buildings in Atlanta, following its expansion out of Savannah. The first building is still standing and is today the
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of Los Angeles, another large California bank. Although NationsBank was the surviving company, it adopted the better-known
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279:. NCNB of South Carolina also sold some branches to other South Carolina banks. NCNB's Hilton Head, SC, branch went to
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636:
580:"The Rise of Southern Banking and the Disparities Among the States Following the Southeastern Regional Banking Compact"
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signs are outside on the corner the C&S name is still visible since it is carved into the stone of the building.
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Virginia faction (Sovran). Second, Sovran had a portfolio of problem loans which weakened the newly merged banks.
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209:, with dual headquarters in Atlanta and Norfolk. The merger created a $ 47 billion bank with branches in
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Logo of the Citizens & Southern National Bank of South Carolina, used prior to the NationsBank merger
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Logo of the Citizens & Southern National Banks of Georgia, used prior to the NationsBank merger
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marque, replacing the old BankAmerica eagle logo with a new stylized logo based on the U.S. flag.
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in 1998 after the NationsBank/BankAmerica merger and NationsBank rebranded as Bank of America.
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27:; it was the largest bank in the Southeast for much of the 20th century. C&S merged with
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First C&S Headquarters Building in Atlanta/Merger with Third National Bank of Atlanta
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In South Carolina, parties associated with C&S of Georgia purchased all the stock of
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469:"Citizens and Southern Bank Heads Announce Merger of Central Bank and Trust Company"
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Article Detailing C&S Acquisition of Atlantic National Bank in Charleston, SC
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727:"NCNB Corp, Charlotte, NC acquires C&S/Sovran Corp from Bank of America Corp"
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NCNB, which had been busy expanding by taking over distressed banks like Texas'
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assets of $ 2.5 billion while C&S of Georgia's assets were $ 12.3 billion.
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The Aeck C&S Bank Tower building was dismantled piece by piece after the
318:
272:
32:
247:
As part of the merger, some C&S branches were sold to other banks. The
1296:
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385:"Citizens and Southern National Bank of South Carolina, Charleston County"
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Article on C&S of Florida's "Super Season" Marketing Campaign, 1991
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39:. Only a year later, however, C&S/Sovran merged with NCNB to form
1379:
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280:
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937:
882:
210:
1421:
American Security and Trust Company Building (Washington, D.C.)
878:"J. Mack Robinson College of Business Administration Building"
582:. University of North Carolina School of Law Banking Institute
988:"Richard Aeck left architectural legacy in Georgia buildings"
162:
competitors in order to make them too rich to be taken over.
804:
J. Mack Robinson College of Business Administration Building
311:
J. Mack Robinson College of Business Administration Building
1306:
194:
251:(SC) C&S was sold to First National Bank, C&S in
156:
828:. Atlanta Downtown Improvement District. Archived from
364:"Citizens and Southern National Bank of South Carolina"
78:
35:
in hopes of fending off a hostile takeover attempt by
56:
Citizens and Southern National Bank of South Carolina
317:
was a director and large stockholder of NCNB rival,
787:"Bank of America unveils new look in Inland Empire"
387:. South Carolina Department of Archives and History
286:NationsBank continued to expand, eventually buying
125:
508:"Mills B. Lane Jr., Atlanta Banker, Is Dead at 77"
1047:C&S of Georgia Checking Account TV Commercial
886:. Archived from the original on December 3, 2020.
1631:
1076:article on the merger of NBSC and C&S/Sovran
822:"Five Points / Marietta Street / Fairlie-Poplar"
419:. Reference for Business Company History Index
1102:
941:. Archived from the original on May 11, 2016.
1476:Bank of America Corporate Center (Charlotte)
665:"Bank of America rode tiny roots to the top"
168:, soon to be purchased by C&S, acquired
1675:1906 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state)
485:Citizens & Southern Nat. Bank v. Bougas
1109:
1095:
233:, headquartered in NCNB's old hometown of
1655:Economy of the Southeastern United States
1257:Farmers and Merchants Bank of Los Angeles
1037:Pictures of the C&S Bank Tower (1968)
301:
184:
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94:In 1922 Citizens and Southern absorbed
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689:
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439:
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1406:555 California Street (San Francisco)
1232:Citizens & Southern National Bank
1090:
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358:
356:
1612:
205:. The merged company took the name
1116:
637:"The Making of the Bank of America"
430:
398:
17:Citizens and Southern National Bank
13:
1670:Defunct banks of the United States
1068:article on Bennett A. Brown (1989)
353:
43:, which forms the core of today's
14:
1686:
1337:Provident Institution for Savings
1008:
290:which had previously merged with
1645:Bank buildings in South Carolina
1611:
1600:
1599:
1155:
554:"Georgia Bank's Interstate Deal"
126:Split, growth, and reunification
1267:First Republic Bank Corporation
1212:Benj. Franklin Savings and Loan
980:
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870:
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814:
797:
779:
761:
744:
719:
683:
656:
629:
618:
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578:Hills, Thomas D. (March 2007).
571:
227:First Republic Bank Corporation
1055:article on C&S/NCNB Merger
1015:"Mills Lane's Wonderful World"
546:
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499:
477:
462:
377:
336:building opened in June 1992.
292:Security Pacific National Bank
216:
1:
1640:Banks based in South Carolina
1322:National Westminster Bank USA
1292:Gibraltar Savings Association
417:"Bank of America Corporation"
347:
1660:Bank of America legacy banks
1332:North Carolina National Bank
1277:Fourth Financial Corporation
1179:Bank of America, Los Angeles
1137:Bank of America Private Bank
912:"J. Mack Robinson (b. 1923)"
663:Griffith, Ted (2006-02-05).
506:Fowler, Glenn (1989-05-10).
199:Sovran Financial Corporation
130:Quick growth ensued in both
7:
1650:Landmarks in South Carolina
1307:MBNA/Maryland National Bank
690:Spaeth, Tony (March 1993).
601:"C&S/Sovran In Lawsuit"
494:United States Supreme Court
157:"Distressed" due to mergers
98:Corp., the bank founded by
10:
1691:
1287:Gibraltar Savings and Loan
1174:Banc of America Securities
1132:Bank of America Home Loans
969:. New Georgia Encyclopedia
967:"Richard Aeck (1912-1996)"
914:. New Georgia Encyclopedia
490: justia.com 76-398
327:Johnson Wax Research Tower
179:
65:
60:Charleston Library Society
52:Charleston, South Carolina
1665:Banks established in 1906
1595:
1569:
1425:Bank of America Building
1398:
1184:Bank of America NT&SA
1164:
1153:
1124:
951:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
896:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
852:"Marietta St at Broad St"
1551:Hearst Tower (Charlotte)
1385:Western Savings and Loan
1302:Mercury Asset Management
1237:Commercial National Bank
826:Central Atlanta Progress
768:Retrieved on 2009-04-23.
625:Retrieved on 2009-04-23.
308:Georgia State University
1445:Bank of America Center
496: November 8, 1977).
244:was valued at $ 31.08.
1520:Bank of America Tower
1480:Bank of America Plaza
1312:Michigan National Bank
1282:G. H. Walker & Co.
1252:E. A. Pierce & Co.
1227:Central Bank and Trust
933:"C & S Bank North"
773:June 19, 2006, at the
302:Headquarters buildings
185:Sovran Financial Corp.
96:Central Bank and Trust
83:
75:
1365:Standard Federal Bank
1357:Security Pacific Bank
1317:Montgomery Securities
1247:Countrywide Financial
1222:Cassatt & Company
560:. Reuters. 1985-09-18
342:Bank of America Plaza
170:D.C. National Bancorp
140:Inman, South Carolina
81:
73:
1390:White Weld & Co.
1242:Continental Illinois
1217:Boatmen's Bancshares
856:Atlanta Time Machine
755:May 4, 2005, at the
471:Atlanta Constitution
115:of C&S in 1960.
110:State of Georgia."
1411:701 Brickell Avenue
1194:Bank of New England
492:, 434 U.S. 35 (
473:, September 7, 1922
277:First Citizens Bank
193:Shortly afterward,
174:Commerce Union Bank
1347:Robertson Stephens
832:on 24 January 2011
605:The New York Times
558:The New York Times
513:The New York Times
104:Asa Griggs Candler
86:The bank began in
84:
76:
1627:
1626:
1416:Albuquerque Plaza
1042:Mills B Lane, Jr.
791:The Public Record
534:"CS Bank History"
334:NationsBank Plaza
288:BankAmerica Corp.
281:First Union of NC
203:Norfolk, Virginia
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1023:. March 8, 1968.
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190:C&S/Sovran.
37:NCNB Corporation
31:in 1990 to form
25:Atlanta, Georgia
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445:"Hugh C. Lane"
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112:Mills Lane Jr.
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994:on 2011-10-06
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858:. 5 June 2008
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708:on 2009-03-20
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1561:Museum Tower
1524:Jacksonville
1361:Shawmut Bank
1297:LaSalle Bank
1231:
1204:Barnett Bank
1073:
1065:
1052:
1018:
996:. Retrieved
992:the original
982:
971:. Retrieved
961:
936:
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916:. Retrieved
906:
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860:. Retrieved
855:
846:
834:. Retrieved
830:the original
825:
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746:
735:. Retrieved
733:. 1991-12-31
721:
710:. Retrieved
703:the original
698:
685:
674:. Retrieved
668:
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647:. Retrieved
645:. 2005-09-05
640:
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609:. Retrieved
607:. 1991-11-06
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511:
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453:. Retrieved
449:the original
421:. Retrieved
389:. Retrieved
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54:, location,
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1556:Miami Tower
1459:Los Angeles
1370:Sovran Bank
1327:NationsBank
1165:Historical
692:"Logomania"
231:NationsBank
217:NationsBank
166:Sovran Bank
102:co-founder
41:NationsBank
29:Sovran Bank
1634:Categories
1570:Executives
1272:Fleet Bank
1199:BankBoston
1167:components
998:2011-06-15
973:2009-04-23
918:2011-06-15
862:28 January
809:Structurae
737:2009-04-23
712:2009-04-23
676:2009-04-23
649:2009-04-23
611:2009-04-23
586:2011-06-15
564:2009-04-23
539:2009-04-23
519:2011-06-15
455:2009-04-23
423:2009-04-23
391:2009-04-23
370:2009-04-23
348:References
269:Darlington
265:St. George
120:Charleston
1582:Ken Lewis
1529:Manhattan
1509:St. Louis
1489:Charlotte
1449:Baltimore
1429:Baltimore
1399:Buildings
1380:Suretrade
1125:Divisions
836:1 January
366:. nps.gov
235:Charlotte
176:in 1987.
100:Coca-Cola
50:A former
1606:Category
947:cite web
892:cite web
771:Archived
753:Archived
329:(1944).
257:Barnwell
1618:Commons
1534:Phoenix
1494:Chicago
1484:Atlanta
1464:Norfolk
1454:Houston
1439:Oakland
1434:Midland
1208:Baybank
1147:Merrill
938:Emporis
883:Emporis
793:. 2000.
642:Fortune
261:Chester
211:Florida
180:Mergers
136:Georgia
88:Georgia
66:History
21:C&S
1499:Dallas
488:,
271:, and
253:Marion
1514:Tampa
1469:Tulsa
706:(PDF)
695:(PDF)
1020:Time
953:link
898:link
864:2011
838:2011
195:NCNB
134:and
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201:of
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