1260:
1275:
1422:
1347:
1331:
1367:
1295:
726:, a few miles west of Winchelsea, which may have been its original meeting-place. Over the course of the 16th century it developed into a more general meeting of all the head ports, ancient towns and corporate limbs, usually held annually and often in conjunction with the Brotherhood. As it represented a larger group of ports than the Brotherhood, it eventually became the pre-eminent assembly. However, in 1663 the Yarmouth service was suspended indefinitely, and thereafter both the Brotherhood and the Guestling fell into decline. The two courts continue to hold a nominal existence, but since 1866 have been held jointly.
900:
1383:
1207:(the three lions) with half of an unidentified coat of arms depicting three ships. However, none of the earliest representations of the arms (all on seals) show the vertical partition of the field, suggesting that it was originally of only one colour. It therefore appears more likely that, while certainly alluding to the royal arms, the arms of the Cinque Ports were devised from the outset as a design depicting three half-lion-half-ships, probably on a red field; and that only at a later date, probably in the mid-14th century, was the field partitioned into two colours.
705:. The assembly subsequently met in Dymchurch, but after 1357 came to meet regularly in New Romney. One of the principal tasks of the Brodhull was the supervision of the Yarmouth Fair, and the appointment of bailiffs to manage it. By 1432 it met regularly twice a year. Meetings followed a parliamentary pattern, and were presided over by a "Speaker": the speakership changed on 21 May each year, the right of appointment moving from port to port in geographical order from west to east. In the 15th and 16th centuries the name "Brodhull" gradually became corrupted (through
1315:
1150:
1226:
679:, where officers of the various members of the confederation were summoned to attend. The court met at irregular intervals, and over the course of the 15th century appears to have fallen into a slow decline. By the early 17th century it had effectively ceased to function. Nevertheless, it continued to hold a nominal existence, as it was at special sessions of the court that the Lord Warden was installed in office. The court of 1598, summoned for the installation as Warden of
51:
40:
204:
granted by Edward the
Confessor out of a need to purchase the loyalty of a group of potentially troublesome ports that were of strategic importance to the control of cross-Channel traffic. Notwithstanding this, in the 13th and 14th centuries the ports did play a significant role in the defence of the realm, although their importance declined thereafter.
1124:
The early history of the confederation is poorly documented, and can generally be traced only through incidental mentions in the charters granted to individual ports, or in other external records. One important early document, first compiled in the 13th century, but which survives only in the form of
203:
questions whether the arrangement was ever intended to raise any genuinely effective naval provision, and shows that the Cinque Ports did not contribute to
English strength at sea significantly more than other English ports of similar size. He argues rather that the original privileges may have been
954:
was washed away by the sea in the 13th century. During a naval campaign of 1339, and again in 1377, the town was raided and burnt by the French, and went into a decline during which it ceased to be a major port. It had no natural sheltered harbour. Attempts were made to build a stone harbour during
260:
By 1190, two further towns had joined the confederation, originally to assist
Hastings in her provision of ships. In time they grew in prosperity, and by the 14th century were recognised as having the same "head port" status as the original five ports. In deference to the literal meaning of "Cinque
1128:
The confederation's activities are much better documented from 1432 onwards, when minutes of the proceedings of the
Brotherhood and Guestling began to be taken consistently. Meetings are documented in two books, known respectively as the "White Book" (covering the years 1432 to 1571, although the
750:
1244:
Several of the member ports have their own coats of arms, which in some cases are modified or derivative versions of the confederation arms. Thus, Sandwich bears arms identical to those of the confederation, but with the three ships' hulls silver. Hastings bears a variant on which the central
281:
Over the years, a number of further towns and ports joined the confederation as detached "Limbs" or "Members" (the terms are used interchangeably) of the seven head ports: they took a share in the burden of ship service, and a share in the privileges of the confederation. The limbs were often
194:
It is sometimes said that the rationale behind the granting of privileges, and their maintenance and extension over several centuries, was the need for the Crown to have a guaranteed supply of men and ships in time of war, and that the Cinque Ports therefore played an important role in the
1222:"): both variants are found in reputable heraldic sources from the late middle ages to the 19th century. The modern consensus is to depict them as gold in the confederation arms, although silver ships appear in some of the derivative arms borne by individual member ports.
1099:) have eroded the administrative and judicial powers of the Confederation of the Cinque Ports, when New Romney and Winchelsea were disenfranchised from Parliament, with representation provided through their counties alone, while Hythe and Rye's representation was halved.
261:
Ports", however, these two additional members were always distinguished under the title of the "Ancient Towns" (often spelled "Antient Towns"). The confederation is therefore sometimes referred to as "The five Cinque Ports and two
Ancient Towns". The Ancient Towns were:
973:, and the South England flood of February 1287 almost destroyed the town. The harbour and town were filled with sand, silt, mud and debris, and the River Rother changed course, now running out into the sea near Rye, Sussex. New Romney ceased to be a port.
1129:
earliest portion, to 1485, comprises a transcript made in 1560) and the "Black Book" (covering the years 1572 to 1955). The White and Black Books were held at New Romney until 1960, when they were transferred to the Kent
Archives Office (now the
645:. The ports therefore became closely involved in the regulation of the annual autumn Herring Fair at Yarmouth, and this was probably the main incentive for the individual ports to work together collectively in confederation.
1346:
828:, the chronicles made a specific point of noting the presence of the Barons in the embassy of deposition β "praecipue de portubus ... barones des Portez" ("especially the Ports ... the barones of the Ports").
487:
Many of the historic members of the confederation have now either ceased to exist as a result of coastal change, or have shrunk or lost status for other reasons. The following are the current limbs of the confederation:
601:
This means that in effect they were granted a degree of self-government, legal jurisdiction, and financial advantage. In many respects, the confederation was considered to hold a status equivalent to that of a
174:(1042β1066). Certain south-eastern ports were granted the local profits of justice in return for providing ships. The ship service of Romney, Dover and Sandwich (but not the confederation itself) is noted in
700:
was a general assembly for representatives of the five head ports and two ancient towns. "Brodhull" is thought to have been originally a place-name, and presumably the original place of meeting, close to
251:
in 1155 refer to "The Barons of
Hastings and the Cinque Ports"); but this usage probably arose simply from geographical convenience, with the ports being conventionally listed in order from west to east.
190:
of 1297 (clause 9). The chief obligation laid on the ports, as a corporate duty, was to provide 57 ships for 15 days' service to the king annually, each port fulfilling a proportion of the whole duty.
1253:, Norfolk, never a member of the confederation but closely associated with it through its herring fishery and fair, bears a variant on which the three half-ships are replaced by three fishes' tails.
1249:
on which the Lord Warden's "oar of
Admiralty" appears. New Romney bears three gold lions on a blue field. Others incorporate elements from the confederation arms, or otherwise allude to them.
1013:, the Cinque Ports had effectively ceased to be of any great significance, and were absorbed into the general administration of the realm. Queen Elizabeth I sanctioned the first national
1002:
inevitably reduced the significance of a number of the Cinque port towns as port authorities. However, ship building and repair, fishing, piloting, off shore rescue and sometimes even "
1259:
2943:
Draper, Gillian (2021). "Urban privilege? The advantages and enjoyment of Cinque Ports' status in the middle ages". In Bligh, Stuart; Edwards, Elizabeth; Sweetinburgh, Sheila (eds.).
1274:
1551:
969:
was always difficult to navigate, with many shallow channels and sandbanks. In the latter part of the thirteenth century a series of severe storms weakened the coastal defences of
144:). At its peak in the Late Middle Ages, the confederation included over 40 members. There is now a total of 14 members: five "head ports", two "ancient towns" and seven "limbs".
3056:
Jobson, Adrian (2021). "The maritime defences of Kent from the loss of
Normandy to the Hundred Years' War". In Bligh, Stuart; Edwards, Elizabeth; Sweetinburgh, Sheila (eds.).
687:; and in the late 17th century the court was moved to Dover. The approximate site of the original meeting place is now marked by a war memorial erected in 1923, also known as
943:
During the 15th century, New Romney, once a port of great importance at the mouth of the river Rother (until it became completely blocked by the shifting of sands during the
1017:
that was held in 1569 in an effort to raise funds for the crumbling Cinque Ports. Nevertheless, in 1689 the Cinque ports were among those specifically called following the
742:
1595:
1241:
a flag of three gold ships' hulls on a blue field as a "regional" or "community" flag, which may be flown by anyone who wishes to express identity with the Cinque Ports.
936:
Although by the 14th century the confederation faced wider challenges from a greater consolidation of national identity in the monarchy and
Parliament, the legacy of the
722:
appears to have originated as a local meeting of the west ports (Hastings, Winchelsea and Rye, and perhaps their limbs). It probably took its name from the village of
3075:
Lambert, Craig L. (2012). "The contribution of the Cinque Ports to the wars of Edward II and Edward III: new methodologies and estimates". In Gorski, Richard (ed.).
1192:
of Dover dating from 1305, but they also appear on the common seal of Hastings which may be a few years earlier. They are thought to have been first introduced in
1584:
1573:
1562:
1540:
1529:
913:
The continuing decline of the confederation of the Cinque Ports may be ascribed to a variety of different circumstances. While they survived the raids from the
286:, and which enjoyed a considerable degree of self-government, or "non-corporate limbs", which were more heavily dependent on, and governed by, their head port.
859:
In the 21st century the title "Baron of the Cinque Ports" is now reserved for Freemen elected by the Mayor, Jurats and Common Council of the Ports to attend a
852:
as the seal was designed to be affixed to charters and legal documents which would bind them as a single body. This no doubt related to their privileges as
1382:
1092:
networks across Britain, and the increased quantity of overseas trade these could distribute from the new major ports developing from the 18th century.
1330:
1294:
1245:
half-lion-half-ship is replaced by a full lion, and the two ships' hulls are silver. Deal bears a version of the confederation arms differenced by a
247:
In medieval documents, Hastings sometimes appears to be given precedence among the ports (for example, the charters granted to Rye and Winchelsea by
186:
in case of need. The earliest general charter granting liberties to the ports in common dates from 1260. Their liberties are also mentioned in the
147:
The confederation was originally formed for military and trade purposes, but is now entirely ceremonial. The ports lie on the western shore of the
1125:
later and variant copies, is the so-called "Domesday of the Ports", a list of the then-members of the confederation and the services they owed.
891:
in 2023, fourteen barons joined the congregation in the abbey, representing the original five ports, the two ancient towns and the seven limbs.
2560:
2048:
1366:
3014:
3094:
Lambert, Craig L. (2018). "Naval service and the Cinque Ports, 1322β1453". In Baker, Gary P.; Lambert, Craig L.; Simpkin, David (eds.).
2934:
1314:
1233:
The traditional arms and banner may only officially and lawfully be displayed by representatives of the confederation itself, or by the
887:
and there receive the banners of the monarch's realms, a function which they have repeated at all the 20th-century coronations. For the
2169:
2139:
778:
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court), presided over by an officer of the Crown, and linked the confederation to central government. It met at Shepway Cross, near
777:
entitled to attend the king's parliament β a privilege granted in 1322 in recognition of their earlier support of the Despensers,
979:
is still on the coast. However, although it is beside a broad bay, its natural harbour has been removed by centuries of silting.
1813:
1444:
736:
614:
3037:
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888:
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17:
785:. Termed "Barons of the Cinque Ports", they reflected an early concept that military service at sea constituted land tenure
947:), was considered the central port in the confederation, and the place of assembly for the courts of Shepway and Brodhull.
944:
618:
940:
authority remained. Even after the 15th century, the Ancient Towns continued to serve with the supply of transport ships.
933:, and the need for larger ships than could be crewed by the 21-man service of the ports, also contributed to the decline.
595:
3191:
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sailed annually to the Norfolk coast, where they claimed rights of "den and strand" on the sandbank at the mouth of the
929:, natural causes such as the silting of harbours and the withdrawal of the sea did much to undermine them. The rise of
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is first mentioned in the late 12th century. It was a local royal court of justice (effectively the equivalent of an
99:
1426:
656:. The joint office survives to the present day, but is now a purely honorary title, with an official residence at
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649:
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side (viewer's right) three gold half ships' hulls on a blue field. These arms are also flown as an heraldic
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was appointed, an office frequently, and by the end of the 13th century permanently, combined with that of
580:
867:", the barons had held the right to hold a canopy above the monarch during the procession on foot between
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1234:
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by the end of the 14th century, with the five head ports and two ancient towns, and one corporate limb (
3363:
3168:
Rose, Susan (2012). "The value of the Cinque Ports to the Crown, 1200β1500". In Gorski, Richard (ed.).
1281:
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Local government reforms and Acts of Parliament passed during the 19th and 20th centuries (notably the
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is now about a mile and a half from the seafront. It was originally a harbour town at the mouth of the
800:
782:
1210:
There has historically been some confusion as to whether the three ships should be depicted as gold ("
836:
were selected to attend parliament. Thus the warden's duty in this respect was similar to that of the
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2759:
962:
653:
2044:
880:
833:
377:
31:
2625:
1496:
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1080:. A further reason for the decline of many older ports may be ascribed to the development of the
876:
1805:
899:
3388:
1010:
914:
2710:
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in 1902 the barons were found a new role. They were to process inside the abbey as far as the
709:) into "Brotherhood", and in the post-medieval period the court was more usually known as the
3368:
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2118:
Site of the Medieval Village of Northeye (C) Simon Carey :: Geograph Britain and Ireland
1434:
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200:
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stated the Barons of the Cinque Ports to hold a place of precedence below the lay magnates (
2136:
1199:
There has long been an assumption that the arms were created through a process of heraldic
1173:
1003:
884:
825:
817:
304:
171:
3113:
Lawson, Terence (2004). "The Cinque Ports". In Lawson, Terence; Killingray, David (eds.).
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established an affiliation with the Cinque Ports. In 2005, the affiliation was changed to
8:
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1305:
1177:
1169:
1138:
1026:
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for its member ports. However, in 2017 the Cinque Ports Authority registered with the
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Common seal of the barons of Hastings, probably late 13th century. The ship flies two
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Cinque Ports 1155 to 1500 β VillageNet History β History effecting Kent & Sussex
1149:
540:
In return for their ship service, the towns received various privileges, including:
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1599:
1588:
1577:
1566:
1555:
1508:
1246:
1238:
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the reign of Elizabeth I, but the foundations were destroyed by the sea in storms.
921:, the numerous destructive impact of plagues, and the politics of the 13th-century
907:
868:
445:
433:
357:
270:
65:
166:
The origins of the confederation are obscure, but are believed to lie in the late
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2143:
2124:
1533:
1356:, granted 1933, including the Cinque Ports arms suspended from the collar of the
1096:
1045:
864:
821:
706:
437:
148:
848:
of the barons of the individual ports (see illustration) suggests they formed a
104:) is a historic group of coastal towns in south-east England β predominantly in
3339:
2811:
2676:
Moore, Peter G. (1997). "The Development of the UK National Lottery: 1992-96".
1389:
1373:
1301:
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805:
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589:
389:
241:
141:
43:
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845:
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471:
343:(limb of Sandwich; originally a non-corporate limb, but incorporated in 1699)
283:
179:
175:
113:
2938:. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 377β378.
2689:
3033:
2117:
1714:
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1161:
1032:
With the advance in shipbuilding techniques came a growth in towns such as
1006:" continued to play a large part in the activities of the local community.
970:
937:
922:
2678:
Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A (Statistics in Society)
1635:, the confederation of coastal and other merchant cities in Central Europe
1225:
609:
From an early date (the 13th century) representatives of the ports sat in
3329:
2542:
1689:
1612:
1200:
1081:
1049:
976:
930:
684:
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463:
455:
429:
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365:
361:
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distinguished as either "corporate limbs", whose status was confirmed by
231:
187:
133:
2740:
1853:
The Cambridge Medieval History: Volume VII: Decline of Empire and Papacy
178:(1086). By 1135, the term Cinque Ports had come into use; and in 1155 a
3324:
2594:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1617:
1337:
1065:
1053:
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853:
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All Freemen of the ports, termed "Portsmen", were deemed in the age of
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415:
408:
404:
400:
393:
381:
373:
340:
322:
265:
226:
196:
129:
121:
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3026:
A Calendar of the White and Black Books of the Cinque Ports, 1432β1955
1439:
An Act to facilitate the Execution of Justice within The Cinque Ports.
994:
Ongoing changes in the coastline along the south east coast, from the
663:
The confederation had its own system of assemblies and common courts:
1522:
1449:
1134:
1069:
1037:
766:
723:
702:
510:
492:
441:
328:
310:
183:
124:, meaning "five harbours", and alludes to the original five members (
1827:
50:
39:
3319:
2927:
1544:
1321:
1165:
1077:
1073:
1057:
951:
903:
856:. The warden and barons often experienced clashes of jurisdiction.
774:
563:
528:
467:
451:
369:
334:
298:
221:
125:
3039:
Charters of the Cinque Ports, Two Ancient Towns, and their Members
991:
is now 3 km (1.9 mi) from the sea and no longer a port.
1033:
1014:
966:
837:
813:
634:
570:
545:
516:
425:
421:
3190:; Clark, Linda; Rawcliffe, Carole, eds. (1992). "Cinque Ports".
2716:
2087:
1188:. The earliest certain evidence for the use of the arms is on a
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1477:
1218:
1041:
995:
918:
676:
459:
109:
3230:
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757:: one of the Cinque Ports at its bow (left), the other of the
745:
Common seal of the barons of Hythe, probably late 13th century
741:
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2505:
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2373:
1786:
982:
841:
840:
who received the writs for distribution to the barons in the
809:
770:
603:
475:
236:
151:, where the crossing to the European continent is narrowest.
137:
117:
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2022:
641:. The settlement there gradually developed into the town of
85:
2873:
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2825:
1896:
498:
316:
105:
74:
3241:
Website for the Cinque Port Liberty of Brightlingsea Essex
3193:
The History of Parliament: The House of Commons, 1386β1421
2969:
The History of Parliament: The House of Commons, 1509β1558
2600:
Coronation: A History of Kingship and the British Monarchy
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The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent
2099:
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2343:
2256:
1667:
1665:
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71:
1986:
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2283:
2146:. Villagenet.co.uk (15 May 2012). Retrieved 2013-07-17.
1998:
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1725:
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Many of the Portsmen were fishermen, and in pursuit of
2976:. Vol. 1. Stroud: Alan Sutton. pp. 253β264.
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1974:
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to parliament were sent to the warden following which
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The Cinque Ports: a historical and descriptive record
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2445:
2397:
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1879:
1877:
1855:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 517.
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100:
91:
77:
68:
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2010:
1962:
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Non-corporate limbs have at various dates included:
88:
82:
2355:
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1950:
1859:
3058:Maritime Kent Through the Ages: Gateway to the Sea
2945:Maritime Kent Through the Ages: Gateway to the Sea
2711:Select Documents of English Constitutional History
2184:
1914:
1874:
1229:Regional flag of the Cinque Ports, registered 2017
182:established the ports to maintain ships ready for
3200:. Vol. 1. Stroud: Alan Sutton. p. 751.
3147:(1996). "The naval service of the Cinque Ports".
1397:
3355:
3047:Jessup, Ronald Frederick; Jessup, Frank (1952).
2728:
2045:"History of the Cinque Ports: Cinque Port Limbs"
2039:
2037:
1938:
1184:(flag), and form the basis of the banner of the
3098:. Woodbridge: Boydell Press. pp. 211β236.
3060:. Woodbridge: Boydell Press. pp. 111β131.
2947:. Woodbridge: Boydell Press. pp. 277β297.
3137:The Constitutional History of the Cinque Ports
2993:History, People and Places of the Cinque Ports
2962:Hawkyard, A. D. K. (1982). "Cinque Ports". In
1684:
1682:
1680:
3293:
3096:Military Communities in Late Medieval England
2168:. Institute of Historical Research: 152β216.
2034:
1721:(2nd ed.). London: Methuen. p. 186.
875:. This procession was discontinued after the
54:Location of the Cinque Ports and their limbs.
3046:
1897:"The Cinque Ports: Cradle of the Royal Navy"
2768:. London: T. C. & E. C. Jack. pp.
2713:, Adams and Stephens, Eds. (1916), p. 464.
1677:
1203:β that is to say, by combining half of the
1040:and the wider development of ports such as
786:
154:Inhabitants of the Cinque Ports are called
3300:
3286:
3139:. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
2758:
2623:
2559:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1901:The Cinque Ports: Cradle of the Royal Navy
1694:The Cinque Ports: Cradle of the Royal Navy
1392:, Norfolk, first recorded mid-15th century
844:. The existence of common (i.e. communal)
2547:Historical Essays in Honour of James Tait
1164:of the confederation is a shield divided
863:and is solely honorary in nature. "Since
834:representative barons of the Cinque Ports
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2127:. Geograph.org.uk. Retrieved 2013-07-17.
1980:
1671:
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1141:of the two books was published in 1966.
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748:
740:
49:
38:
3236:Website for Romney Marsh and New Romney
3172:. Woodbridge: Boydell. pp. 41β57.
3093:
3079:. Woodbridge: Boydell. pp. 59β78.
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2603:. London: Harper Collins. p. 474.
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2016:
1992:
1956:
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1021:to elect representatives to attend the
808:) but above the representatives of the
356:Limbs of Hastings: Grange (now part of
27:Historic group of English coastal towns
14:
3356:
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3131:
3117:. Chichester: Phillimore. p. 52.
3112:
3055:
2942:
2722:
2650:
2593:
2451:
2439:
2403:
2391:
2349:
2337:
2325:
2313:
2301:
2289:
2262:
2214:
2190:
2155:
2149:
2093:
2069:
2051:from the original on 27 September 2016
2028:
2004:
1968:
1932:
1920:
1883:
1850:
1792:
1780:
1768:
1713:
1153:The Cinque Ports arms at Strand Gate,
737:Cinque ports parliament constituencies
347:
3281:
3032:
2675:
1497:Text of statute as originally enacted
1172:side (viewer's left) three gold half
889:Coronation of Charles III and Camilla
3219:. Newton Abbot: David & Charles.
3170:Roles of the Sea in Medieval England
3167:
3077:Roles of the Sea in Medieval England
3023:
2734:
2487:
2463:
2415:
2364:
2277:
1944:
1340:, recorded at the visitation of 1619
1324:, recorded at the visitation of 1634
945:South England flood of February 1287
2664:A New Dictionary of British History
1839:Roskell, Clark & Rawcliffe 1992
1745:A New Dictionary of British History
1719:The Medieval Foundations of England
621:), each being entitled to send two
392:), and Petit Iham (settlement near
170:, and specifically in the reign of
24:
2918:. London: Longmans, Green, and Co.
2172:from the original on 14 March 2014
1505:The Cinque Ports Acts 1811 to 1872
798:. The early-14th-century treatise
384:), Pebsham (small village between
289:
25:
3405:
3224:
2624:Merrifield, David (18 May 2023).
3307:
3217:The Heraldry of the Cinque Ports
2749:, pp. 18, 20β23, 46β47, 90.
1427:Parliament of the United Kingdom
1420:
1381:
1365:
1345:
1329:
1313:
1293:
1273:
1258:
482:
255:
64:
3019:. Edinburgh: William Blackwood.
2902:
2885:
2800:
2752:
2704:
2669:
2656:
2617:
2587:
2567:
2530:
2517:
2130:
2111:
1889:
1844:
1798:
1623:Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports
1552:Pilotage Law Amendment Act 1853
1286:Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports
1280:Banner of Admiral of the Fleet
1186:Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports
1168:(vertically), depicting on the
1131:Kent History and Library Centre
650:Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports
628:
2626:"Barons attend the coronation"
2549:. Manchester. pp. 38, 45.
1737:
1707:
1646:
1483:Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1977
1398:Cinque Ports Acts 1811 to 1872
217:The original five ports were:
13:
1:
2895:, section 2(1) and Schedule 2
1639:
1193:
535:
212:
207:
2765:A Complete Guide to Heraldry
998:estuary to Hastings and the
824:). During the deposition of
581:infangthief and outfangthief
372:(former village in Sussex),
7:
3231:Cinque Ports' official site
3215:Williams, Geoffrey (1971).
3115:An Historical Atlas of Kent
1851:Tanner, J. R., ed. (1932).
1606:
1176:on a red field; and on the
1144:
1060:and the royal dockyards of
683:, was held at his manor of
10:
3410:
2760:Fox-Davies, Arthur Charles
2725:, pp. 43β45, 240β245.
2096:, pp. 42β59, 240β245.
1690:"Limbs β Past and Present"
1654:Collins English Dictionary
1596:Merchant Shipping Act 1872
1402:United Kingdom legislation
1119:
1025:which enacted the English
894:
801:Modus Tenendi Parliamentum
773:, and thus members of the
734:
294:The corporate limbs were:
161:
29:
3315:
3149:English Historical Review
3042:. London: Bernard Lintot.
3024:Hull, Felix, ed. (1966).
2995:. Bourne End: Spurbooks.
1495:
1488:
1476:
1471:
1461:
1456:
1443:
1433:
1419:
1414:
1407:
1265:The Cinque Ports arms at
730:
681:Henry Brooke, Lord Cobham
654:Constable of Dover Castle
596:flotsam, jetsam and ligan
432:), Birchington Wood (now
2991:Hinings, Edward (1975).
2574:Sigillum commune baronum
2123:21 November 2018 at the
881:Coronation of Edward VII
613:. The practice had been
276:
32:Cinque Ports (1703 ship)
3161:10.1093/ehr/CXI.442.636
3133:Murray, K. M. Elisabeth
2935:Encyclopædia Britannica
2690:10.1111/1467-985X.00055
2156:Hasted, Edward (1800).
1795:, pp. 11, 236β237.
1511:of the following acts:
985:is still a major port.
877:Coronation of George IV
585:The right of mundbryce
544:Exemption from tax and
2576:, from medieval Latin
2502:, pp. 84β85, 107.
2072:, pp. 1, 240β245.
2031:, pp. 1, 54, 245.
1810:www.legislation.gov.uk
1747:(London, 1963), p. 71.
1230:
1157:
1009:By the reign of Queen
910:
787:
762:
759:three lions of England
746:
55:
47:
3198:History of Parliament
2974:History of Parliament
2893:Short Titles Act 1896
2666:(London, 1963) p. 72.
2514:, pp. 18, 46β47.
1814:The National Archives
1585:Cinque Ports Act 1869
1574:Cinque Ports Act 1857
1563:Cinque Ports Act 1855
1541:Cinque Ports Act 1828
1530:Cinque Ports Act 1821
1518:Cinque Ports Act 1811
1409:Cinque Ports Act 1811
1376:Council, granted 1987
1228:
1205:royal arms of England
1174:lions passant gardant
1152:
1023:Convention Parliament
902:
879:in 1821, but for the
752:
744:
399:Limbs of New Romney:
58:The confederation of
53:
42:
30:For the galleon, see
18:Cinque Ports Act 1811
2929:"Cinque Ports"
2527:(London 2012) p. 402
2442:, pp. 140, 224.
2142:17 July 2012 at the
1806:"Magna Carta (1297)"
1743:S. H. Steinberg ed.
818:Knights of the Shire
501:(limb of New Romney)
424:, St Johns (part of
319:(limb of New Romney)
172:Edward the Confessor
112:, with one outlier (
3394:Geography of Sussex
3260: /
3051:. London: Batsford.
3011:Hueffer, Ford Madox
2882:, pp. 130β134.
2858:, pp. 118β121.
2834:, pp. 111β116.
2653:, pp. 208β211.
2430:, pp. 178β179.
2394:, pp. 171β173.
2382:, pp. 177β178.
2352:, pp. 139β140.
2265:, pp. 146β155.
2253:, pp. 166β173.
2229:, pp. 161β163.
2205:, pp. 163β164.
2108:, pp. 240β254.
2084:, pp. 224β240.
1354:Kent County Council
1019:Glorious Revolution
925:and the subsequent
450:Limbs of Sandwich:
348:Non-corporate limbs
195:development of the
46:of the Cinque Ports
3384:Transport in Swale
3028:. London: H.M.S.O.
2630:www.ryenews.org.uk
2584:is "of the barons"
2490:, pp. xvβxvi.
2466:, pp. xivβxv.
1304:, recorded at the
1231:
1158:
1137:. A comprehensive
911:
763:
747:
531:(limb of Sandwich)
525:(limb of Sandwich)
403:, Bromehill (near
337:(limb of Sandwich)
307:(limb of Hastings)
301:(limb of Hastings)
168:Anglo-Saxon period
56:
48:
3364:Geography of Kent
3348:
3347:
3067:978-1-78327-625-7
2954:978-1-78327-625-7
2846:, pp. 45β34.
2797:, pp. 23β28.
2785:, pp. 28β34.
2610:978-0-00-716054-9
2328:, pp. 73β75.
2304:, pp. 60β76.
2292:, pp. 78β80.
2007:, pp. 44β45.
1995:, pp. 70β72.
1935:, pp. 28β41.
1771:, pp. 21β24.
1734:, pp. 25β29.
1600:35 & 36 Vict.
1589:32 & 33 Vict.
1578:20 & 21 Vict.
1567:18 & 19 Vict.
1556:16 & 17 Vict.
1502:
1501:
1472:Other legislation
1415:Act of Parliament
1360:(right) supporter
1235:local authorities
873:Westminster Abbey
428:), Goresend (now
411:, and Orwaldstone
16:(Redirected from
3401:
3302:
3295:
3288:
3279:
3278:
3275:
3274:
3272:
3271:
3270:
3265:
3264:51.067Β°N 1.083Β°E
3261:
3258:
3257:
3256:
3253:
3220:
3211:
3183:
3164:
3155:(442): 636β651.
3145:Rodger, N. A. M.
3140:
3128:
3109:
3090:
3071:
3052:
3049:The Cinque Ports
3043:
3029:
3020:
3006:
2987:
2958:
2939:
2931:
2919:
2910:Burrows, Montagu
2896:
2889:
2883:
2877:
2871:
2865:
2859:
2853:
2847:
2841:
2835:
2829:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2818:
2804:
2798:
2792:
2786:
2780:
2774:
2773:
2756:
2750:
2744:
2738:
2732:
2726:
2720:
2714:
2708:
2702:
2701:
2673:
2667:
2660:
2654:
2648:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2637:
2621:
2615:
2614:
2591:
2585:
2571:
2565:
2564:
2558:
2550:
2539:Galbraith, V. H.
2537:Edwards, J. G.;
2534:
2528:
2525:The Plantagenets
2521:
2515:
2509:
2503:
2497:
2491:
2485:
2479:
2473:
2467:
2461:
2455:
2449:
2443:
2437:
2431:
2425:
2419:
2413:
2407:
2401:
2395:
2389:
2383:
2377:
2368:
2362:
2353:
2347:
2341:
2335:
2329:
2323:
2317:
2311:
2305:
2299:
2293:
2287:
2281:
2275:
2266:
2260:
2254:
2248:
2242:
2236:
2230:
2224:
2218:
2212:
2206:
2200:
2194:
2188:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2153:
2147:
2134:
2128:
2115:
2109:
2103:
2097:
2091:
2085:
2079:
2073:
2067:
2061:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2041:
2032:
2026:
2020:
2014:
2008:
2002:
1996:
1990:
1984:
1978:
1972:
1966:
1960:
1954:
1948:
1942:
1936:
1930:
1924:
1918:
1912:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1893:
1887:
1881:
1872:
1866:
1857:
1856:
1848:
1842:
1836:
1825:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1802:
1796:
1790:
1784:
1778:
1772:
1766:
1760:
1754:
1748:
1741:
1735:
1729:
1723:
1722:
1711:
1705:
1704:
1702:
1700:
1686:
1675:
1669:
1658:
1657:
1650:
1633:Hanseatic League
1534:1 & 2 Geo. 4
1520:
1519:
1509:collective title
1490:Status: Repealed
1424:
1423:
1410:
1405:
1404:
1385:
1369:
1349:
1333:
1317:
1297:
1277:
1262:
1239:UK Flag Registry
1195:
1160:The traditional
927:War of the Roses
869:Westminster Hall
830:Writs of summons
790:
590:waifs and strays
519:(limbs of Dover)
420:Limbs of Dover:
358:Gillingham, Kent
98:
97:
94:
93:
90:
87:
84:
80:
79:
76:
73:
70:
21:
3409:
3408:
3404:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3399:
3398:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3349:
3344:
3311:
3306:
3268:
3266:
3262:
3259:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3247:
3246:
3227:
3208:
3180:
3125:
3106:
3087:
3068:
3003:
2984:
2955:
2905:
2900:
2899:
2890:
2886:
2878:
2874:
2866:
2862:
2854:
2850:
2842:
2838:
2830:
2826:
2816:
2814:
2806:
2805:
2801:
2793:
2789:
2781:
2777:
2757:
2753:
2745:
2741:
2733:
2729:
2721:
2717:
2709:
2705:
2674:
2670:
2661:
2657:
2649:
2645:
2635:
2633:
2622:
2618:
2611:
2592:
2588:
2572:
2568:
2552:
2551:
2545:, eds. (1933).
2535:
2531:
2522:
2518:
2510:
2506:
2498:
2494:
2486:
2482:
2478:, pp. 183.
2474:
2470:
2462:
2458:
2450:
2446:
2438:
2434:
2426:
2422:
2418:, p. xiii.
2414:
2410:
2402:
2398:
2390:
2386:
2378:
2371:
2363:
2356:
2348:
2344:
2336:
2332:
2324:
2320:
2312:
2308:
2300:
2296:
2288:
2284:
2276:
2269:
2261:
2257:
2249:
2245:
2237:
2233:
2225:
2221:
2213:
2209:
2201:
2197:
2189:
2185:
2175:
2173:
2154:
2150:
2144:Wayback Machine
2135:
2131:
2125:Wayback Machine
2116:
2112:
2104:
2100:
2092:
2088:
2080:
2076:
2068:
2064:
2054:
2052:
2043:
2042:
2035:
2027:
2023:
2015:
2011:
2003:
1999:
1991:
1987:
1979:
1975:
1967:
1963:
1955:
1951:
1943:
1939:
1931:
1927:
1919:
1915:
1905:
1903:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1882:
1875:
1867:
1860:
1849:
1845:
1837:
1828:
1818:
1816:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1791:
1787:
1779:
1775:
1767:
1763:
1755:
1751:
1742:
1738:
1730:
1726:
1712:
1708:
1698:
1696:
1688:
1687:
1678:
1670:
1661:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1642:
1609:
1517:
1516:
1491:
1429:
1421:
1408:
1403:
1400:
1393:
1386:
1377:
1370:
1361:
1350:
1341:
1334:
1325:
1318:
1309:
1298:
1289:
1278:
1269:
1263:
1216:") or silver ("
1147:
1122:
1097:Reform Act 1832
897:
865:time immemorial
739:
733:
707:false etymology
631:
625:to Parliament.
538:
513:(limb of Dover)
507:(limb of Dover)
485:
462:, Stonar (near
414:Limb of Hythe:
350:
331:(limb of Dover)
325:(limb of Dover)
292:
290:Corporate limbs
279:
258:
215:
210:
201:N. A. M. Rodger
164:
149:English Channel
81:
67:
63:
44:Heraldic banner
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3407:
3397:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3379:Dover District
3376:
3371:
3366:
3346:
3345:
3343:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3316:
3313:
3312:
3305:
3304:
3297:
3290:
3282:
3244:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3226:
3225:External links
3223:
3222:
3221:
3212:
3206:
3188:Roskell, J. S.
3184:
3178:
3165:
3141:
3129:
3123:
3110:
3104:
3091:
3085:
3072:
3066:
3053:
3044:
3030:
3021:
3007:
3001:
2988:
2982:
2964:Bindoff, S. T.
2959:
2953:
2940:
2926:, ed. (1911).
2924:Chisholm, Hugh
2920:
2904:
2901:
2898:
2897:
2884:
2872:
2860:
2848:
2836:
2824:
2812:Flag Institute
2808:"Cinque Ports"
2799:
2787:
2775:
2751:
2739:
2727:
2715:
2703:
2684:(2): 169β185.
2668:
2662:S. Steinberg,
2655:
2643:
2616:
2609:
2586:
2566:
2529:
2516:
2504:
2492:
2480:
2468:
2456:
2454:, p. 192.
2444:
2432:
2420:
2408:
2406:, p. 165.
2396:
2384:
2369:
2367:, p. xii.
2354:
2342:
2330:
2318:
2306:
2294:
2282:
2280:, p. xvi.
2267:
2255:
2243:
2231:
2219:
2217:, p. 228.
2207:
2195:
2183:
2148:
2129:
2110:
2098:
2086:
2074:
2062:
2033:
2021:
2009:
1997:
1985:
1973:
1961:
1949:
1937:
1925:
1913:
1888:
1873:
1858:
1843:
1841:, p. 751.
1826:
1797:
1785:
1783:, p. 281.
1773:
1761:
1749:
1736:
1724:
1706:
1676:
1674:, p. 377.
1659:
1656:(3rd ed.)
1644:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1636:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1608:
1605:
1604:
1603:
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1570:
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1537:
1526:
1500:
1499:
1493:
1492:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1480:
1474:
1473:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1459:
1458:
1454:
1453:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1437:
1431:
1430:
1425:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1411:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1394:
1390:Great Yarmouth
1387:
1380:
1378:
1374:Dover District
1371:
1364:
1362:
1351:
1344:
1342:
1335:
1328:
1326:
1319:
1312:
1310:
1299:
1292:
1290:
1279:
1272:
1270:
1264:
1257:
1251:Great Yarmouth
1146:
1143:
1121:
1118:
1027:Bill of Rights
896:
893:
806:Lords Temporal
732:
729:
728:
727:
715:
714:
693:
692:
630:
627:
599:
598:
592:
586:
583:
577:
567:
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533:
532:
526:
520:
514:
508:
502:
496:
484:
481:
480:
479:
448:
418:
412:
397:
390:Bexhill-on-Sea
376:, Hydney (now
349:
346:
345:
344:
338:
332:
326:
320:
314:
308:
302:
291:
288:
278:
275:
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257:
254:
245:
244:
239:
234:
229:
224:
214:
211:
209:
206:
163:
160:
120:. The name is
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3406:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3389:Medieval Kent
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3361:
3359:
3352:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3317:
3314:
3310:
3303:
3298:
3296:
3291:
3289:
3284:
3283:
3280:
3276:
3273:
3269:51.067; 1.083
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3228:
3218:
3213:
3209:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3194:
3189:
3185:
3181:
3179:9781843837015
3175:
3171:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3146:
3142:
3138:
3134:
3130:
3126:
3124:1-86077-255-2
3120:
3116:
3111:
3107:
3105:9781783272983
3101:
3097:
3092:
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3086:9781843837015
3082:
3078:
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3034:Jeake, Samuel
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3002:0-902875-90-6
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2880:Williams 1971
2876:
2870:, p. 78.
2869:
2868:Williams 1971
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2856:Williams 1971
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2845:
2844:Williams 1971
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2833:
2832:Williams 1971
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2795:Williams 1971
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2783:Williams 1971
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2747:Williams 1971
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2578:baro, baronis
2575:
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2548:
2544:
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2533:
2526:
2520:
2513:
2512:Williams 1971
2508:
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2500:Williams 1971
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2400:
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2346:
2340:, p. 75.
2339:
2334:
2327:
2322:
2316:, p. 73.
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2310:
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2298:
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2264:
2259:
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2239:Hawkyard 1982
2235:
2228:
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2211:
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2071:
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2040:
2038:
2030:
2025:
2018:
2013:
2006:
2001:
1994:
1989:
1983:, p. 45.
1982:
1981:Williams 1971
1977:
1971:, p. 18.
1970:
1965:
1958:
1953:
1946:
1941:
1934:
1929:
1922:
1917:
1902:
1898:
1892:
1885:
1880:
1878:
1870:
1865:
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1854:
1847:
1840:
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1833:
1831:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1801:
1794:
1789:
1782:
1777:
1770:
1765:
1759:, p. 26.
1758:
1753:
1746:
1740:
1733:
1728:
1720:
1716:
1715:Sayles, G. O.
1710:
1695:
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1673:
1672:Chisholm 1911
1668:
1666:
1664:
1655:
1649:
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1634:
1631:
1629:
1628:Channel Ports
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1271:
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1267:Ramsgate Port
1261:
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1000:Isle of Wight
997:
992:
990:
986:
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978:
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968:
965:. The Rother
964:
960:
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797:
796:feudal barons
794:
789:
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761:at its stern.
760:
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695:
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689:Shepway Cross
686:
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667:The court of
666:
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658:Walmer Castle
655:
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558:toll and team
555:
553:
549:
547:
543:
542:
541:
530:
527:
524:
521:
518:
515:
512:
509:
506:
503:
500:
497:
495:(limb of Rye)
494:
491:
490:
489:
483:Current limbs
477:
473:
472:Brightlingsea
469:
465:
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453:
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318:
315:
313:(limb of Rye)
312:
309:
306:
303:
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297:
296:
295:
287:
285:
284:royal charter
272:
269:
267:
264:
263:
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256:Ancient Towns
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233:
230:
228:
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176:Domesday Book
173:
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131:
127:
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114:Brightlingsea
111:
107:
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102:
96:
61:
52:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
3369:Cinque ports
3350:
3309:Cinque Ports
3308:
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3216:
3192:
3169:
3152:
3148:
3136:
3114:
3095:
3076:
3057:
3048:
3038:
3025:
3015:
2992:
2968:
2944:
2933:
2915:Cinque Ports
2914:
2903:Bibliography
2887:
2875:
2863:
2851:
2839:
2827:
2815:. Retrieved
2802:
2790:
2778:
2764:
2754:
2742:
2730:
2718:
2706:
2681:
2677:
2671:
2663:
2658:
2646:
2634:. Retrieved
2629:
2619:
2599:
2589:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2546:
2543:Jacob, E. F.
2532:
2524:
2519:
2507:
2495:
2483:
2476:Burrows 1888
2471:
2459:
2447:
2435:
2428:Burrows 1888
2423:
2411:
2399:
2387:
2380:Burrows 1888
2345:
2333:
2321:
2309:
2297:
2285:
2258:
2251:Burrows 1888
2246:
2234:
2227:Burrows 1888
2222:
2210:
2203:Burrows 1888
2198:
2186:
2174:. Retrieved
2165:
2161:
2151:
2132:
2113:
2106:Burrows 1888
2101:
2089:
2082:Burrows 1888
2077:
2065:
2053:. Retrieved
2024:
2019:, p. 1.
2017:Burrows 1888
2012:
2000:
1993:Burrows 1888
1988:
1976:
1964:
1957:Lambert 2012
1952:
1940:
1928:
1916:
1904:. Retrieved
1900:
1891:
1869:Lambert 2018
1852:
1846:
1817:. Retrieved
1809:
1800:
1788:
1776:
1764:
1757:Burrows 1888
1752:
1744:
1739:
1732:Burrows 1888
1727:
1718:
1709:
1697:. Retrieved
1693:
1653:
1648:
1504:
1503:
1463:Royal assent
1243:
1232:
1217:
1211:
1209:
1198:
1162:coat of arms
1159:
1127:
1123:
1112:
1105:
1101:
1094:
1031:
1008:
993:
987:
981:
975:
971:Romney Marsh
963:River Rother
957:
949:
942:
935:
923:Plantagenets
912:
858:
799:
792:
791:making them
788:per baroniam
764:
719:
710:
697:
668:
662:
647:
632:
629:Institutions
608:
600:
566:and fledwit
539:
486:
378:Hampden Park
351:
293:
280:
259:
246:
216:
193:
165:
155:
153:
146:
60:Cinque Ports
59:
57:
36:
3267: /
2723:Murray 1935
2651:Murray 1935
2595:Strong, Roy
2452:Murray 1935
2440:Murray 1935
2404:Murray 1935
2392:Murray 1935
2350:Murray 1935
2338:Murray 1935
2326:Murray 1935
2314:Murray 1935
2302:Murray 1935
2290:Murray 1935
2263:Murray 1935
2215:Murray 1935
2191:Draper 2021
2094:Murray 1935
2070:Murray 1935
2029:Murray 1935
2005:Murray 1935
1969:Murray 1935
1933:Murray 1935
1921:Rodger 1996
1884:Jobson 2021
1793:Murray 1935
1781:Draper 2021
1769:Murray 1935
1613:Haven ports
1602:c. 73 s 10)
1478:Repealed by
1467:25 May 1811
1288:(2005β2022)
1201:dimidiation
1190:common seal
1106:Illustrious
1050:Southampton
1011:Elizabeth I
931:Southampton
850:corporation
711:Brotherhood
685:Bekesbourne
615:regularised
552:sac and soc
464:Richborough
430:Birchington
386:Bulverhythe
366:Bulverhythe
362:Bekesbourne
188:Magna Carta
3358:Categories
3325:New Romney
3207:086299943X
2983:0436042827
2632:. Rye News
2580:(m), thus
2523:D. Jones,
2158:"Parishes"
1640:References
1618:Pentapolis
1435:Long title
1338:New Romney
1306:visitation
1282:Lord Boyce
1066:Portsmouth
1054:Chichester
959:New Romney
861:coronation
854:monopolies
735:See also:
639:River Yare
611:Parliament
594:Rights of
588:Rights of
579:Rights of
569:Rights of
562:Rights of
556:Rights of
550:Rights of
536:Privileges
505:Folkestone
434:Woodchurch
416:West Hythe
409:Dengemarsh
405:Winchelsea
401:Old Romney
394:Winchelsea
382:Eastbourne
380:, part of
374:Eastbourne
323:Folkestone
266:Winchelsea
227:New Romney
213:Head Ports
208:Membership
197:Royal Navy
130:New Romney
122:Old French
101:sink ports
2817:29 August
2735:Hull 1966
2698:123057909
2555:cite book
2488:Hull 1966
2464:Hull 1966
2416:Hull 1966
2365:Hull 1966
2278:Hull 1966
1945:Rose 2012
1906:29 August
1819:29 August
1717:(1950) .
1699:29 August
1523:51 Geo. 3
1450:51 Geo. 3
1135:Maidstone
1102:In 1985,
1070:Greenwich
1046:Gravesend
1038:Liverpool
826:Edward II
822:burgesses
767:feudalism
724:Guestling
720:Guestling
703:Dymchurch
511:Faversham
493:Tenterden
446:Kingsdown
442:Ringwould
438:St Peters
329:Faversham
311:Tenterden
184:the Crown
3340:Sandwich
3320:Hastings
3135:(1935).
3036:(1728).
3013:(1900).
2912:(1888).
2762:(1909).
2597:(2005).
2176:10 March
2170:Archived
2140:Archived
2121:Archived
2049:Archived
1607:See also
1547:. c. 37)
1545:9 Geo. 4
1536:. c. 76)
1525:. c. 36)
1445:Citation
1388:Arms of
1372:Arms of
1358:sinister
1352:Arms of
1336:Arms of
1322:Hastings
1320:Arms of
1302:Sandwich
1300:Arms of
1178:sinister
1166:per pale
1145:Heraldry
1139:calendar
1086:turnpike
1078:Deptford
1074:Woolwich
1058:Plymouth
1004:wrecking
989:Sandwich
952:Hastings
950:Much of
917:and the
904:Pub sign
814:boroughs
775:baronage
698:Brodhull
643:Yarmouth
564:bloodwit
529:Ramsgate
468:Ramsgate
452:Reculver
370:Northeye
335:Fordwich
299:Pevensey
249:Henry II
242:Sandwich
222:Hastings
156:Portsmen
142:Sandwich
126:Hastings
2966:(ed.).
2582:baronum
1558:c. 129)
1507:is the
1452:. c. 36
1308:of 1574
1120:Records
1090:railway
1062:Chatham
1034:Bristol
1015:lottery
967:estuary
895:Decline
838:sheriff
755:banners
669:Shepway
635:herring
623:Members
619:Seaford
575:tumbril
571:pillory
546:tallage
517:Margate
426:Margate
422:Margate
305:Seaford
162:Origins
3374:Thanet
3252:51Β°4β²N
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3176:
3121:
3102:
3083:
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2772:, 525.
2696:
2636:22 May
2607:
2055:14 May
1591:c. 53)
1569:c. 48)
1219:argent
1196:1297.
1182:banner
1170:dexter
1042:London
996:Thames
919:French
842:shires
810:shires
779:father
771:barons
769:to be
731:Barons
677:Lympne
470:, and
460:Walmer
444:, and
110:Sussex
3335:Dover
3330:Hythe
3255:1Β°5β²E
2694:S2CID
1580:c. 1)
1457:Dates
1247:chief
1133:) in
1082:canal
983:Dover
977:Hythe
938:Saxon
915:Danes
885:choir
846:seals
793:quasi
604:shire
476:Essex
456:Sarre
277:Limbs
237:Dover
232:Hythe
138:Dover
134:Hythe
118:Essex
116:) in
3202:ISBN
3174:ISBN
3119:ISBN
3100:ISBN
3081:ISBN
3062:ISBN
2997:ISBN
2978:ISBN
2949:ISBN
2891:The
2819:2022
2638:2023
2605:ISBN
2561:link
2178:2014
2057:2012
1908:2022
1821:2022
1701:2022
1594:The
1583:The
1572:The
1561:The
1550:The
1539:The
1528:The
1515:The
1113:Kent
1111:HMS
1104:HMS
1088:and
1076:and
1036:and
871:and
820:and
812:and
781:and
718:The
696:The
673:eyre
573:and
523:Deal
499:Lydd
474:(in
388:and
341:Deal
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140:and
108:and
106:Kent
3157:doi
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2770:182
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