Cinema of the United Kingdom

2479: 2215: 45: 4244: 215: 36: 3183: 2804: 13716: 4777: 5156: 2657: 990: 4997: 4859: 946: 1375: 3352:, a tax concession, in the same year. The concession had made it possible for an overseas based film company to write off a large amount of its production costs by filming in the UK – this was what attracted a succession of big-budget American productions to British studios in the 1970s. These factors led to significant changes in the industry, with the profitability of British films now "increasingly reliant on secondary markets such as video and television, and 4151: 10797: 9326: 1567: 3337: 1292: 930: 3818: 4681: 3394: 13702: 5142: 2002: 3015: 2402: 1704: 938: 10807: 954: 2527:" documentary film movement. The 1956 statement of Free Cinema, the name was coined by Anderson, asserted: "No film can be too personal. The image speaks. Sounds amplifies and comments. Size is irrelevant. Perfection is not an aim. An attitude means a style. A style means an attitude." Anderson, in particular, was dismissive of the commercial film industry. Their documentary films included Anderson's 1159: 4167:

The first decade of the 21st century was a relatively successful one for the British film industry. Many British films found a wide international audience due to funding from BBC Films, Film 4 and the UK Film Council, and some independent production companies, such as Working Title, secured financing

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In 1980, only 31 British films were made, a 50% decline from the previous year and the lowest number since 1914, and production fell again in 1981 to 24 films. The industry suffered further blows from falling cinema attendances, which reached a record low of 54 million in 1984, and the elimination of

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published in December 2013 found that of the 613 tracked British films released between 2003 and 2010 only 7% made a profit. Films with low budgets, those that cost below £500,000 to produce, were even less likely to gain a return on outlay. Of these films, only 3.1% went into the black. At the top

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During the 1950s, the British industry began to concentrate on popular comedies and World War II dramas aimed more squarely at the domestic audience. The war films were often based on true stories and made in a similar low-key style to their wartime predecessors. They helped to make stars of actors

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to boost local production, requiring that cinemas show a certain percentage of British films. The act was technically a success, with audiences for British films becoming larger than the quota required, but it had the effect of creating a market for poor quality, low cost films, made to satisfy the

1807:"The idea of a nation of devoted cinema-goers is inextricably linked with the number of classic films released during the war years. This was British cinema’s ‘golden age’, a period in which filmmakers such as Humphrey Jennings, David Lean, Powell and Pressburger, and Carol Reed came to the fore." 3831:

Compared to the 1980s, investment in film production rose dramatically. In 1989, annual investment was a meagre £104 million. By 1996, this figure had soared to £741 million. Nevertheless, the dependence on finance from television broadcasters such as the BBC and Channel 4 meant that budgets were

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In the early 1970s, the government reduced its funding of the National Film Finance Corporation so the NFFC started to operate as a consortium, including with banks, which led to them using more commercial criteria for funding British films rather than focusing on quality or new talent, moving to

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Towards the end of the 1940s, the Rank Organisation became the dominant force behind British film-making, having acquired a number of British studios and the Gaumont chain (in 1941) to add to its Odeon Cinemas. Rank's serious financial crisis in 1949, a substantial loss and debt, resulted in the

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The availability of high-speed internet has made the British film industry capable of working closely with U.S. studios as part of globally distributed productions. As of 2005, this trend is expected to continue with moves towards (currently experimental) digital distribution and projection as

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based on the events surrounding the death of Princess Diana, which won the Best Actress prize at the Venice Film Festival and Academy Awards and the BAFTA for Best Film. In 2006, Ken Loach won the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival with his account of the struggle for Irish Independence in

1360:, learnt their craft making such films. The act was modified with the Cinematograph Films Act 1938 assisted the British film industry by specifying only films made by and shot in Great Britain would be included in the quota, an act that severely reduced Canadian and Australian film production. 1728:

Rising expenditure and over-optimistic expectations of expansion into the American market caused a financial crisis in 1937, after an all-time high of 192 films were released in 1936. Of the 640 British production companies registered between 1925 and 1936, only 20 were still active in 1937.

1440:. John Maxwell's BIP became the Associated British Picture Corporation (ABPC) in 1933. ABPC's studios in Elstree came to be known as the "porridge factory", according to Lou Alexander, "for reasons more likely to do with the quantity of films that the company turned out, than their quality". 4818:

The film industry remains an important earner for the British economy. According to a UK Film Council press release of 20 January 2011, £1.115 billion was spent on UK film production during 2010. A 2014 survey suggested that British-made films were generally more highly rated than Hollywood

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Although the earliest British films were of everyday events, the early 20th century saw the appearance of narrative shorts, mainly comedies and melodramas. The early films were often melodramatic in tone, and there was a distinct preference for story lines already known to the audience, in

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said that his government had bold ambitions for the film industry: "Our role, and that of the BFI, should be to support the sector in becoming even more dynamic and entrepreneurial, helping UK producers to make commercially successful pictures that rival the quality and impact of the best

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into three franchises (The Film Consortium, Pathé Pictures, and DNA) would fill the gap, but "corporate and equity finance for the UK film production industry continues to be thin on the ground and most production companies operating in the sector remain hopelessly under-capitalised."

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of four years earlier, which advocated the decriminalising of homosexual sexual activity, this was "the first British film to deal explicitly with homosexuality". Unlike the New Wave film makers though, critical responses to Dearden's and Relph's work have not generally been positive.

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in August 2010 to protest the decision to close the Council. Eastwood warned Osborne that the closure could result in fewer foreign production companies choosing to work in the UK. A grass-roots online campaign was launched and a petition established by supporters of the Council.

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has been described as "the nearest thing to a mogul that British cinema has had in the last quarter of the 20th century." Under Puttnam, a generation of British directors emerged making popular films with international distribution. Some of the talent backed by Puttnam —

4402:, a timely addition to the film festival calendar, which recognised the influence of urban and black films on UK audiences and consequently began to showcase a growing profile of films in a genre previously not otherwise regularly seen in the capital's cinemas. Then, in 2006, 4842:

The BFI's published figures reported £6.27 billion spent on film and high-end television production in 2022, with domestic UK film spend at £173.6 million. While the total spend was at a record high for the UK, the independent UK filmmaking spend decreased by 31% since 2021.

2149:). The tax came into effect on 8 August, applying to all imported films, of which the overwhelming majority came from the United States; American film studio revenues from the UK had been in excess of US$ 68 million in 1946. The following day, 9 August, the 4815:

international productions. Just as the British Film Commission has played a crucial role in attracting the biggest and best international studios to produce their films here, so we must incentivise UK producers to chase new markets both here and overseas."

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On 26 July 2010 it was announced that the UK Film Council, which was the main body responsible for the development of promotion of British cinema during the 2000s, would be abolished, with many of the abolished body's functions being taken over by the

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By the mid-1920s the British film industry was losing out to heavy competition from the United States, which was helped by its much larger home market – in 1914 25% of films shown in the UK were British, but by 1926 this had fallen to 5%. The

755:(from 1888) was shot in the United Kingdom as well as early colour films. While film production reached an all-time high in 1936, the "golden age" of British cinema is usually thought to have occurred in the 1940s, during which the directors 897:

In 2009, British films grossed around $ 2 billion worldwide and achieved a market share of around 7% globally and 17% in the United Kingdom. UK box-office takings totalled £1.1 billion in 2012, with 172.5 million admissions.

4314:) and star (Dev Patel)—the film was all-British financed via Film4 and Celador. It has received worldwide critical acclaim. It has won four Golden Globes, seven BAFTA Awards and eight Academy Awards, including Best Director and Best Film. 4987:

commissioning strand, Art Cinema was promoted to a wider audience. However, the Channel had a sharp change in its commissioning policy in the early 1990s and Greenaway and others were forced to seek European co-production financing.

11908: 4873:'s foundation of a production board in 1964—and a substantial increase in public funding from 1971 onwards—enabled it to become a dominant force in developing British art cinema in the 1970s and 80s: from the first of 2505:') attempted in commercial feature films released between around 1959 and 1963 to convey narratives about a wider spectrum of people in Britain than the country's earlier films had done. These individuals, principally 2179:

receipts in the United Kingdom in order to support the British Film industry. It was established in 1950 coming into effect in 1957. A direct governmental payment to British-based producers would have qualified as a

1471:, who opened his first cinema in 1928. By 1937, these three chains controlled almost a quarter of all cinemas in the country. A booking by one of these chains was indispensable for the success of any British film. 9809: 6525: 7240: 4976:. Peter Greenaway was an early pioneer of the use of computer generated imagery blended with filmed footage and was also one of the first directors to film entirely on high definition video for a cinema release. 3832:

often low and indigenous production was very fragmented: the film industry mostly relied on Hollywood inward investment. According to critic Neil Watson, it was hoped that the £90 million apportioned by the new

1733:", for UK companies to make fewer films, but of higher quality, and to eliminate the "quota quickies". Influenced by world politics, it encouraged American investment and imports. One result was the creation of 2470:(1960), a now highly regarded thriller, with horror elements, set in the contemporary period, was badly received by the critics at the time, and effectively finished the career of Michael Powell, its director. 2884:

in the early 1960s and would remain in England for the rest of his career, these two films retained a strong American influence. Other films of this era involved prominent filmmakers from elsewhere in Europe,

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reported that "The UKFC's entire annual budget was a reported £3m, while the cost of closing it down and restructuring is estimated to have been almost four times that amount." One of the UKFC's last films,

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announced that no further films would be supplied to British cinemas until further notice. The Dalton Duty was ended on 3 May 1948 with the American studios again exported films to the UK though the

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expressed a negative sentiment of the British film industry in recent years, stating that "I am not sure we are great filmmakers, to be absolutely honest. As a nation, our two artforms are

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drew to a close, despite attempts by Hammer to spice up the formula with added nudity and gore. Although some attempts were made to broaden the range of British horror films, such as with

3006:(1965), which won the Best Documentary Film Oscar in 1967, but had been suppressed by the BBC who had commissioned it, would ultimately lead Watkins to work exclusively outside Britain. 1422:(1929), is often regarded as the first British sound feature. It was a part-talkie with a synchronised score and sound effects. Earlier in 1929, the first all-talking British feature, 1257:

companies. It is the oldest film trade body in the world. It was known as the Society of Film Distributors until it changed its name again to the Film Distributors’ Association (FDA).

7392: 4273:, an account of a housewife who leads a double life as an abortion provider in 1950s London. The film won the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival. In 2006 Stephen Frears directed 7681: 3939:(1992), which was generally ignored on its initial release in the UK, but was a considerable success in the United States. The same company also enjoyed some success releasing the 2192:

producers. An indirect levy did not qualify as a subsidy, and so was a suitable way of providing additional funding for the UK film industry whilst avoiding criticism from abroad.

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American studios cut back on British productions, and in many cases withdrew from financing them altogether. Films financed by American interests were still being made, including

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and distribution deals with major American studios. Working Title scored three major international successes, all starring Hugh Grant and Colin Firth, with the romantic comedies

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However it was usually through domestically funded features throughout the decade that British directors and films won awards at the top international film festivals. In 2003,

3424:(1980), produced by a Lew Grade subsidiary, after its original backers became cautious. Members of the Python team were involved in other comedies during the decade, including 1826:

is it who has suggested that we should all cower in darkness and terror “for the duration”?’. Within two weeks of the order cinemas in the provinces were reopened, followed by

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quota. The "quota quickies", as they became known, are often blamed by historians for holding back the development of the industry. However, some British film makers, such as

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emerged as a significant figure in British cinema in the 1990s, with a series of films financed by Channel 4 about working and middle class life in modern England, including

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and Tony Richardson established the company Woodfall Films to produce their early feature films. These included adaptations of Richardson's stage productions of Osborne's

7237: 6517: 14095: 14047: 10737: 9962: 7488: 7043: 3703:(1987). Channel Four also became a major sponsor of the British Film Institute's Production Board, which backed three of Britain's most critically acclaimed filmmakers: 5416: 10941: 10916: 4612: 14052: 13904: 9558: 5043:

British special effects technicians and production designers are known for creating visual effects at a far lower cost than their counterparts in the US, as seen in

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in 1985 and the number of screens in the UK increased by around 500 over the decade leading to increased attendances of almost 100 million by the end of the decade.

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within a month. In 1940, cinema admissions figures rose, to just over 1 billion for the year, and they continued rising to over 1.5 billion in 1943, 1944 and 1945.

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was another worldwide hit: it grossed $ 56 million at the US box office and £32 million in the UK. It also won the 2005 Academy Award for Best Animated Feature.

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The new venture was initially based at Denham Studios. Korda himself lost control of the facility in 1939 to the Rank Organisation. Circumstances forced Korda's

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was also cast in leading roles when "there were hardly any opportunities" for African Americans "to play challenging roles" in their own country's productions.

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in February 1895, shortly before falling out over the camera's patent. Soon several British film companies had opened to meet the demand for new films, such as

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and Alfred Hitchcock, the greatest director of screen melodramas in the world." Hitchcock was then signed up to a seven-year contract by Selznick and moved to

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environment, with special effects, cutting, colour grading, and other post-production tasks all sharing the same all-digital infrastructure. The London-based

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For the moment, the industry hit new heights of creativity in the immediate post-war years. Among the most significant films produced during this period were

14085: 9821: 2625:, from an earlier generation, "probe into the social issues that now confronted social stability and the establishment of the promised peacetime consensus". 14105: 14090: 14037: 10699: 9228: 7206: 6921: 5246: 840: 14075: 862:, has often been the subject of debate. Its history has often been affected by attempts to compete with the American industry. The career of the producer 13782: 11465: 11430: 11420: 7134: 4408:, a film depicting a group of teenagers growing up on the streets of West London, had a limited release. This was successfully followed up with a sequel 4234:

in 2000. Co-directed with Peter Lord, the film was a major success worldwide and one of the most successful British films of its year. Park's follow up,

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in 1999, the hopes and expectations of "building a British-based company which could compete with Hollywood in its home market eventually collapsed."

7309: 6948: 5740: 5472: 2456:(1958), both deceptively lavish and the first gothic horror films in colour. The studio turned out numerous sequels and variants, with English actors 11823: 11138: 10931: 4236: 4217: 4211: 2820:

American directors were regularly working in London throughout the decade, but several became permanent residents in the UK. Blacklisted in America,

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and filmed almost entirely in London. It received four Academy Awards (including Best Film, Best Director, Best Actor and Best Screenplay) in 2011.

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In June 2012, Warner opened the re-developed Leavesden studio for business. The most commercially successful British directors in recent years are

6488: 5829: 4664:, becoming the first Hollywood studio since the 1940s to have a permanent base in the UK, and announced plans to invest £100 million in the site. 14142: 11415: 10843: 4481: 1348: 1300: 6415: 5636: 12627: 11711: 11522: 11038: 10810: 10650: 3569:(1984) had been both a critical and financial success. These were Joffé's first two feature films and were amongst those produced by Puttnam. 11487: 11133: 10911: 10625: 7596: 7383: 3919: 2766:

boom with many Bond imitations. Bond co-producer Saltzman also instigated a rival series of more realistic spy films based on the novels of

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Tax incentives allowed American producers to increasingly invest in UK-based film production throughout the 1990s, including films such as

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to global fame, led to renewed interest and investment in British films, and set a pattern for British-set romantic comedies, including

3537:(1986). But further attempts to make 'big' productions for the US market ended in failure, with Goldcrest losing its independence after 2098:. Ealing Studios (financially backed by Rank) began to produce their most celebrated comedies, with three of the best remembered films, 11773: 11716: 11248: 11191: 10342: 9588: 9375: 8120: 7461: 7256: 6792: 1998:

contraction of its film production. In practice, Rank maintained an industry duopoly with ABPC (later absorbed by EMI) for many years.

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into film production in the latter half of the decade brought only a few box office successes and an unsustainable number of failures

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Some other British producers, including Hammer, turned to television for inspiration, and big screen versions of popular sitcoms like

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As the 1960s progressed, American studios returned to financially supporting British films, especially those that capitalised on the "

2478: 12112: 11006: 10620: 10490: 10112: 3271:(1979), the latter a major commercial success, probably at least in part due to the controversy at the time surrounding its subject. 3225:(1972) proved successful with domestic audiences, the former had greater domestic box office returns in its year than the Bond film, 767:

produced their most critically acclaimed works. Many British actors have accrued critical success and worldwide recognition, such as

7648: 11758: 11617: 11569: 10672: 10615: 10443: 9932: 9852: 9837: 7514: 7276: 4594: 3310: 2790: 2586: 1939:, an independent production company releasing their films through a Rank subsidiary, also made some important films, including the 1865: 17: 7618: 7559: 5807: 5762: 5450: 2637:(1959) were early attempts to create narratives about racial tensions and an emerging multi-cultural Britain. Dearden and Relph's 1822:’s letter protested against a government order to close all places of entertainment, including cinemas. ‘What agent of Chancellor 839:. Some of the films with the largest ever box office returns have been made in the United Kingdom, including the fourth and fifth 11339: 11148: 10979: 9794: 9789: 9640: 4251: 12637: 13754: 12617: 12394: 12100: 11674: 11403: 11371: 11211: 11196: 11186: 11011: 11001: 10991: 10964: 10800: 10347: 10337: 10322: 10257: 9754: 9689: 9491: 8913: 8903: 7104: 6814: 4282: 2185: 1401: 7484: 7074: 7035: 6897: 5966: 14137: 11793: 11366: 10709: 10704: 10630: 9905: 9329: 9250: 8113: 8064: 7882: 7759: 6734: 6256: 6229: 6141: 5997: 5783: 5401: 2150: 1757: 1595: 1383: 6876: 6693: 6621: 6308: 5935: 3572:

Mainly outside the commercial sector, film makers from the new commonwealth countries had begun to emerge during the 1970s.

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began his career as a documentary film maker just before the war, in some cases working in collaboration with co-directors.

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Moreover, the 1927 Films Act was up for renewal. The replacement Cinematograph Films Act 1938 provided incentives, via a "

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From the 1990s to the present day, there has been a progressive movement from traditional film opticals to an integrated

3031: 1923: 1752:(1940), a spectacular fantasy film, to be completed in California, where Korda continued his film career during the war. 1424: 1199: 1173: 90: 5710: 3630:(1986; one of the first films about Britain's Chinese community). Many of these films were assisted by the newly formed 1658:

turned him into "a huge international star"; "for many years" he had the highest profile of any actor of Indian origin.

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after lying forgotten in an old tin for 110 years. The previous title for earliest colour film, using Urban's inferior

851: 10468: 4773:. UKFC invested $ 1.6m for a 34% share of net profits, a valuable stake that will pass to the British Film Institute. 13882: 11803: 11701: 11356: 11349: 11216: 11181: 11166: 11066: 10752: 10655: 10600: 10379: 10362: 10332: 10097: 9947: 9610: 9605: 9176: 9166: 8152: 7824: 7437: 6283: 4176: 3951: 3901: 3833: 2920: 2311: 2161: 2072: 1405: 1140: 237: 9784: 1459:

expanded significantly to become the largest, controlling 180 cinemas by 1928 and up to 300 by 1929. Maxwell formed

13812: 13505: 11888: 11440: 11398: 11322: 11317: 11221: 11099: 10588: 10367: 9647: 9063: 5208: 4541: 1646: 1559:. These stars often made several films a year, and their productions remained important for morale purposes during 3763:(1986), before collapsing amid a series of unsuccessful films. Amongst the other British films of the decade were 2719:(1969), showed female and then male full-frontal nudity on screen in mainstream British films for the first time. 1610:, which opened in May 1936, but both investors suffered losses as a result. Korda's films before the war included 11951: 11768: 11706: 11632: 11327: 11176: 11123: 11086: 11051: 11025: 10926: 10742: 10689: 10550: 10495: 10327: 10230: 9709: 9657: 9583: 9238: 6918: 5297: 4661: 4170: 3410: 3267: 3261: 3251: 2824:

had a significant influence on British cinema in the 1960s, particularly with his collaborations with playwright

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Many other films helped to shape the popular image of the nation at war. Among the best known of these films are

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In 1902, the earliest colour film in the world was made; capturing everyday events. In 2012, it was found by the

731: 7619:"Official 2022 statistics reveal a record £6.27 billion film and high-end television production spend in the UK" 7485:"Christopher Nolan on 'Interstellar' Critics, Making Original Films and Shunning Cellphones and Email (Q&A)" 7216: 1785:

feature writer asserting; "Three unique and valuable institutions the British have that we in America have not.

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in 1927 which became a subsidiary of BIP and went on to become one of the largest in the country, together with

14132: 11898: 11686: 11612: 11507: 11460: 11376: 11296: 11256: 11046: 10829: 10762: 10667: 10573: 10426: 10274: 10262: 10183: 9669: 9368: 9212: 9048: 8923: 8867: 8740: 5224: 5114: 4969: 4375:(2010). Some argue it has brought more flexible attitudes towards casting Black and Asian British actors, with 3533: 3281: 3162: 2864: 2726:

combined sex with exotic locations, casual violence and self-referential humour in the phenomenally successful

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By now contracted to Gaumont British, Alfred Hitchcock had settled on the thriller genre by the mid-1930s with

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By 1927, the largest cinema chains in the United Kingdom consisted of around 20 cinemas but the following year

1109: 7351: 7126: 5379: 5353: 5301: 4901:'s championing of the New Queer Cinema. The first full-length feature produced under the BFI's new scheme was 4228:, the creator of Wallace and Gromit and the Creature Comforts series, produced his first feature-length film, 3634:, which had an official remit to provide for "minority audiences." Commercial success was first achieved with 3494:— had shot commercials; Puttnam himself had begun his career in the advertising industry. When Hudson's 3179:, who had taken over ABPC in 1969. The duopoly in British cinema exhibition, via Rank and now EMI, continued. 12340: 12107: 11913: 11843: 11813: 11783: 11748: 11650: 11622: 11540: 11448: 11332: 11111: 10861: 10684: 10593: 10532: 10458: 10245: 10225: 10004: 9528: 9514: 9161: 8677: 8672: 8667: 8662: 8657: 8652: 8647: 8642: 8637: 8632: 8627: 8622: 8617: 8612: 8607: 8602: 8597: 8592: 8587: 8582: 8577: 8572: 8567: 8562: 8557: 8552: 8547: 8542: 8537: 8532: 8527: 8522: 8517: 8512: 8507: 8502: 8497: 8492: 8487: 8482: 8477: 8472: 8467: 8462: 8457: 8452: 8447: 8442: 8437: 8432: 8427: 8422: 8417: 8412: 8407: 8402: 8397: 8392: 8387: 8382: 8377: 8372: 8367: 8362: 8357: 8352: 8347: 8342: 8337: 8332: 8327: 8322: 8317: 8312: 8307: 8302: 8297: 8292: 8287: 8282: 8277: 8272: 8267: 8262: 8257: 8252: 8247: 8242: 8237: 8232: 8227: 8222: 8217: 8212: 8207: 8202: 8197: 8192: 8187: 8182: 8177: 8172: 8167: 8162: 8157: 7407: 3970: 3841: 3729: 3316: 3195: 1969:

Studios were releasing their series of critically derided but immensely popular period melodramas, including

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In the 1970s and 1980s, British studios established a reputation for great special effects in films such as

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With the involvement of Channel 4 in film production, talents from television moved into feature films with

1737:, an English subsidiary of the largest American studio, which produced four films before the war, including 13832: 13206: 13176: 13130: 12226: 12150: 12122: 12068: 11871: 11798: 11753: 11726: 11579: 11564: 11261: 11236: 11171: 11061: 10747: 10431: 10409: 10389: 10318: 10240: 10117: 10107: 10102: 9774: 9739: 9595: 9255: 8690: 7301: 5476: 5229: 5028: 4953: 4531: 4124:(1996). The latter film generated interested in other "regional" productions, including the Scottish films 4000: 3149: 2876: 2858: 2746: 1487: 1352: 1017: 4653:

with the launch of Odeon Hatfield and Odeon Surrey Quays (in London), with a total of 18 digital screens.

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Despite increasing competition from film studios in Australia and Eastern Europe, British studios such as

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was nominated for 7 Academy Awards, including Best Film and won the Golden Globe and BAFTA for Best Film.

3237:, it was a commercial success and Moore would continue the role for the next 12 years. Low-budget British 2352:

began in 1958 with regular instalments appearing for the next twenty years. The Italian director-producer

2214: 1876:

were colleagues of Jennings. British films began to make use of documentary techniques; Cavalcanti joined

1030: 14080: 13857: 13525: 13249: 12117: 12095: 12063: 12058: 12040: 11981: 11903: 11893: 11828: 11691: 11655: 11453: 11231: 10870: 10583: 10563: 10404: 10267: 10049: 9952: 9662: 9635: 9615: 9233: 8963: 8918: 6730: 6556: 5323: 5234: 5169: 5055:(1985). This reputation has continued through the 1990s and into the 21st century with films such as the 4735: 4399: 4109: 4012: 3945: 3854: 3719: 3227: 2390: 2368: 2189: 2146: 1730: 910: 859: 7156: 5837: 1235:

began directing British films, becoming Britain's most prolific film director, with almost 200 by 1957.

13747: 13685: 13294: 13211: 13135: 12387: 12177: 12078: 11918: 10782: 10394: 9600: 9295: 9266: 8800: 6477: 5628: 5188: 4672:

end of budgets for the British industry, under a fifth of films that cost £10million went into profit.

4358: 4158: 3990: 3907: 3709: 3616: 3524: 3387: 3167: 3095: 2529: 2430: 2332: 2299: 2100: 845: 724: 701: 49: 5327: 5026:(1989). Some of this reputation was founded on the core of talent brought together for the filming of 4331:

The start of the 21st century saw Asian British cinema assert itself at the box office, starting with

13944: 13939: 13670: 13449: 13362: 12936: 12313: 12073: 11878: 11851: 11361: 11241: 10414: 10252: 10188: 10178: 10173: 9361: 9095: 9058: 8978: 8928: 8100: 6582: 6411: 5089: 4555: 4446: 4114: 4101: 3825: 3565: 3545: 3519: 3360: 3274:

Some American productions did return to the major British studios in 1977–79, including the original

3078: 2908: 2784:(1965), and two sequels in the next few years. Other more downbeat espionage films were adapted from 2665: 2614:(1963) are often associated with a new openness about working-class life or previously taboo issues. 2446: 2434: 2250: 2084: 1951: 1693: 1504: 1437: 1253:

In 1915, the Kinematograph Renters’ Society of Great Britain and Ireland was formed to represent the

1213: 906: 905:

has produced a poll ranking what they consider to be the 100 greatest British films of all time, the

2394:(1955), but the company ceased production in 1958, after the studios had already been bought by the 2157:

prohibited US film companies from taking foreign exchange out of the nations their films played in.

44: 12211: 11741: 11381: 11128: 9679: 9289: 8988: 8837: 6484: 5056: 4717: 4618: 4576: 4333: 4089: 3368: 2727: 2106: 2088:(1948), the most commercially successful film of its year in the United States. Laurence Olivier's 2036: 1763: 1707: 1654:. Although some of Korda's films indulged in "unrelenting pro-Empire flag waving", those featuring 1069: 7582: 4465:

Like the 1960s, this decade saw plenty of British films directed by imported talent. The American

13542: 12356: 12269: 12090: 12025: 11736: 11393: 10087: 9674: 9625: 9434: 9181: 9115: 8765: 6387: 4516: 4512: 4351: 4209:'s company Heyday Films has produced seven sequels, with the final title released in two parts – 4006: 3980: 3795: 3636: 3555: 3233: 2834: 2780: 2598: 2592: 2466: 2422:

to embark on their series of commercially successful horror films. Beginning with adaptations of

2419: 1945: 1397: 1038: 9872: 5092:, have worked on some of the most technically and artistically challenging projects, including, 13619: 13089: 12989: 12961: 12903: 12663: 12556: 12206: 11271: 10772: 9207: 9141: 8933: 8842: 8144: 6751: 6617: 6098: 5412: 5219: 5183: 4870: 4792: 4783:

directed several of the early 21st century's most critically and commercially successful films.

4693: 4668: 4624: 4571: 4385: 4062: 3684: 3583: 3539: 3378:

The 1980s soon saw a renewed optimism, led by smaller independent production companies such as

3221: 3068: 2900: 2576: 2549: 2349: 2316: 2293: 2256: 2130: 1914: 1794: 1666: 1475: 1368: 1133: 1121: 902: 3510:(1982), another Goldcrest film, picked up a Best Picture Oscar, it looked as if he was right. 3171:(1973), these films made little impact at the box office, In 1976, British Lion, who produced 2285:

also produced a series of successful satires on British life and institutions, beginning with

1515:" to describe a non-fiction film, and he produced the movement's most celebrated early films, 14004: 13740: 13680: 13637: 13530: 13475: 13454: 13437: 13352: 12969: 12784: 12769: 12719: 12714: 12510: 12380: 12361: 12201: 12157: 12020: 11606: 10527: 10517: 10284: 10132: 9999: 9977: 9910: 9714: 9620: 9306: 9090: 9023: 8968: 8730: 6646: 6391: 6368: 6273: 6219: 6177: 5684: 5658: 5602: 5576: 5550: 5524: 5498: 5214: 5161: 5061: 4935:(1974) – the last two being, respectively, the first British Black and Asian features. 4847: 4753:, supported the Government's decision. A number of other organisations responded positively. 4410: 4325: 4292: 4275: 4243: 3925: 3785: 3759: 3753: 3699: 3689: 3652:

in a leading role. Day-Lewis and other young British actors who were becoming stars, such as

3626: 2914: 2627: 2384: 2341: 2305: 2287: 2282: 2227: 2196: 1966: 1843: 1720: 1697: 1670: 1624: 1618: 1526: 1418: 1304: 1269: 1152: 983: 752: 229: 222: 7330: 6941:

Stern, Marlow, and in 1985 we saw the retirement of Roger Moore from the role of Bond after

6788: 4724:, campaigned against the Council's abolition. The move also led American actor and director 4100:

Other new talents to emerge during the decade included the writer-director-producer team of

1650:(1937), the UK's first three-strip Technicolour feature film, made by the local offshoot of 13934: 13914: 13894: 13797: 13495: 13444: 13377: 13357: 13017: 12994: 12984: 12979: 12974: 12779: 12749: 12561: 12495: 12221: 12162: 12127: 12015: 11988: 11499: 10507: 10500: 10155: 10092: 10064: 10039: 10034: 10009: 9967: 9769: 9724: 9719: 9548: 9449: 9244: 9146: 9110: 8938: 8715: 7096: 6710: 6670: 6348: 5010: 4961: 4927: 4765: 4502: 4339: 4316: 4258: 4120: 4077: 3975: 3588: 3578: 3513:

It prompted a cycle of period films – some with a large budget for a British film, such as

3420: 3418:(Lew Grade's brother) had pulled out. Handmade also bought and released the gangster drama 3340: 3286: 3138: 3104: 2944: 2840: 2715: 2539: 2502: 2362: 2208: 2172: 1634: 1499: 1061: 106: 4850:

with 80% of behind-the-scenes workers surveyed stating that their jobs had been affected.

8: 13909: 13627: 13605: 13550: 13274: 13079: 13004: 12941: 12921: 12893: 12849: 12699: 12500: 12298: 12216: 12194: 12189: 12172: 12167: 12145: 12035: 11993: 10127: 10082: 10074: 10019: 9927: 9862: 9553: 9018: 9013: 9003: 8983: 8948: 8882: 7656: 7510: 7286: 6460:

The Rich and Strange Collaboration of Alfred Hitchcock and David O. Selznick in Hollywood

6133: 5100: 4940: 4810:

In January 2012, at Pinewood Studios to visit film-related businesses, UK Prime Minister

4302:

was filmed entirely in Mumbai with a mostly Indian cast, though with a British director (

4298: 4058: 4030: 3913: 3870: 3845: 3805: 3606: 3452: 3215: 2685: 2452: 2410: 2340:, probably the British industry's most popular star of the 1950s, though later films had 2200: 2112: 2046: 1961: 1882: 1819: 1734: 1607: 1273: 1072:

in 1915 in the first building built in Britain solely for film production. Also in 1898,

1022: 772: 13989: 13984: 13959: 13817: 13595: 13580: 13570: 13384: 13367: 13299: 13218: 13171: 12946: 12931: 12916: 12881: 12741: 12726: 12653: 12612: 12535: 12520: 12485: 12475: 12293: 12249: 12030: 12008: 12003: 11971: 11883: 11056: 10203: 10193: 10160: 10059: 10029: 9922: 9897: 9857: 9028: 8998: 8898: 8830: 8785: 8720: 8705: 7871: 7813: 7626: 7583:"'I am not sure we are great film-makers,' Danny Boyle slams the British film industry" 7555: 6587: 5799: 5446: 5256: 5193: 5051: 5037: 5022: 4705: 4630: 4582: 4567: 4536: 4497: 4365: 4345: 4126: 4044: 3964: 3893: 3669: 3462: 3436: 3301: 3158: 3048: 2977: 2926: 2758: 2723: 2639: 2610: 2519: 2090: 1918: 1873: 1857: 1838: 1544: 1221: 1065: 706: 98: 9353: 4769:, is estimated to have cost $ 15m to make and grossed $ 235m, besides winning several 4687:

in 2007. He is one of the top 20 highest-grossing actors in North America, as of 2019.

1474:

With the advent of sound films, many foreign actors were in less demand, with English

14014: 13964: 13924: 13877: 13872: 13862: 13847: 13842: 13837: 13822: 13807: 13802: 13792: 13787: 13777: 13600: 13589: 13575: 13555: 13515: 13432: 13422: 13417: 13399: 13332: 13322: 13264: 13259: 13254: 13244: 13239: 13223: 13196: 13186: 13181: 13166: 13069: 13032: 13022: 13012: 12951: 12686: 12658: 12586: 12581: 12571: 12505: 12480: 12459: 12454: 12439: 12308: 12254: 11856: 9972: 9942: 9469: 9408: 8993: 8877: 8795: 8750: 8060: 7878: 7820: 7755: 6973:

Dyja, Eddie (ed.); 'BFI Film and Television Handbook 1999', London: BFI, 1998; p. 42.

6279: 6252: 6225: 6137: 6047: 5878: 4796: 4780: 4199:

The new decade saw a major new film series in the Harry Potter films, beginning with

4192: 4132: 4083: 3775: 3769: 3325: 3206: 3109: 3058: 2796: 2756:(1964), the series had become a global phenomenon, reaching its commercial peak with 2752: 2697: 2656: 2604: 2268: 2262: 1982: 1929: 1891: 1852: 1833: 1261: 1254: 1151:

process, was thought to date from 1909. The re-discovered films were made by pioneer

1115: 979: 879: 867: 832: 110: 69: 7066: 6818: 5040:, the UK is still recognised as a world leader in the use of stop-motion animation. 4476: 3600:

films, respectively. The 1980s however saw a wave of new talent, with films such as

14042: 14009: 13999: 13979: 13969: 13954: 13949: 13899: 13867: 13852: 13827: 13763: 13560: 13520: 13488: 13483: 13427: 13372: 13347: 13337: 13284: 13279: 13269: 13201: 13191: 13151: 13125: 13099: 13064: 13059: 13047: 13027: 12839: 12824: 12754: 12731: 12607: 12530: 12525: 12424: 12303: 12286: 12281: 12264: 12244: 12050: 10903: 10757: 10198: 10147: 9957: 9937: 9464: 9454: 9444: 9429: 9085: 9033: 8953: 8825: 8815: 7690: 6893: 5958: 5870: 5861: 5239: 5211:– British source material in American films, US studio subsidiaries in the UK, etc. 5001: 4957: 4730: 4642: 4600: 4563: 4307: 4054: 3882: 3649: 3496: 3291: 3276: 3128: 3083: 2887: 2660: 2644: 2581: 2544: 2510: 2494: 2277: 2117: 1956: 1936: 1917:

partnership between director Michael Powell and the Hungarian-born writer-producer

1903: 1689: 1651: 1512: 1413: 1378: 1265: 1204: 1073: 875: 816: 788: 214: 53: 35: 10485: 6738:, London: Little, Brown, 2002, p. 213, and (for a defence) Brian McFarlane (ed.), 5989: 4526: 2785: 2418:

Less restrictive censorship towards the end of the 1950s encouraged film producer

1158: 13994: 13919: 13889: 13642: 13565: 13510: 13389: 13342: 13304: 13109: 13094: 13084: 12911: 12876: 12854: 12814: 12799: 12794: 12774: 12764: 12759: 12709: 12704: 12694: 12632: 12576: 12566: 12551: 12515: 12490: 12449: 12444: 12414: 11976: 11866: 11557: 11517: 10453: 10374: 9779: 9744: 9734: 9704: 9578: 9277: 9191: 9186: 9100: 9008: 8810: 8780: 8760: 8745: 8053: 7907:

Documentary diary; an informal history of the British documentary film, 1928–1939

7685: 7542: 7468: 7444: 7337: 7281: 7263: 7244: 7211: 7189: 6960: 6955: 6925: 6880: 6873: 6758: 6717: 6697: 6690: 6677: 6653: 6607: 6398: 6375: 6355: 6300: 6246: 6025: 6018: 5927: 5198: 5094: 4890: 4788: 4750: 4546: 4487: 4434: 4247: 3985: 3935: 3800: 3744: 3740: 3724: 3611: 3442: 3415: 3405: 3379: 3363:

were introduced to the United Kingdom with the opening of a ten-screen cinema by

3305: 3182: 3073: 2963: 2932: 2870: 2849: 2809: 2803: 2679: 2674: 2633: 2534: 2514: 2461: 2405: 2374: 2345: 2078: 2024: 2010: 1977: 1971: 1897: 1861: 1674: 1585: 1552: 1456: 1449: 1364: 1322: 1285: 1243: 1239: 1104: 1057: 1001: 993: 971: 887: 871: 863: 828: 711: 13715: 9483: 7535: 7238:"British film industry will suffer if the Government closes the UK Film Council" 6044:

Charles Urban: Pioneering the Non-Fiction Film in Britain and America, 1897–1925

4776: 3550: 1574:

Many of the British films with larger budgets during the 1930s were produced by

13675: 13665: 13632: 13585: 13500: 13394: 13074: 13042: 13037: 12926: 12844: 12834: 12819: 12809: 12677: 12622: 12591: 11589: 11470: 11408: 10969: 10852: 10480: 10024: 9764: 9652: 9543: 9538: 9439: 9424: 9301: 9038: 8857: 8820: 8805: 8770: 8735: 8105: 5896: 5251: 5177: 5077: 5033: 4972:

and their work was the subject of detailed theoretical analysis in the journal

4965: 4902: 4882: 4770: 4746: 4738: 4725: 4650: 4521: 4507: 4187: 4138: 3959: 3849: 3714: 3676: 3665: 3641: 3383: 3190: 3043: 3018: 2958: 2953: 2949: 2896: 2845: 2571: 2557: 2498: 2379: 1877: 1827: 1781: 1681: 1612: 1603: 1599: 1409: 1357: 1180: 1129: 1093: 1081: 1008: 918: 768: 760: 6771:

Harris, Derek (5 September 1974). "The film industry seeks another reprieve".

4869:

Although it had been funding British experimental films as early as 1952, the

2141:

on all film imports on 6 August 1947 which became known as Dalton Duty (after

1940: 1246:, who invented a magnetic steel tape recording system that was adopted by the 14126: 13052: 12864: 12829: 11645: 11206: 11104: 11094: 10893: 10888: 10357: 10137: 9915: 9867: 9847: 9759: 9459: 9403: 9151: 9053: 9043: 8943: 8862: 5882: 5714: 4811: 4713: 4588: 4391: 4380: 4311: 4263: 4182: 4094: 4066: 3995: 3864: 3780: 3621: 3597: 3593: 3560: 3528: 3506: 3501: 3474: 3457: 3425: 3397: 3372: 3246: 3186: 3143: 3124: 3100: 3063: 2998: 2881: 2825: 2771: 2736: 2622: 2618: 2457: 2440: 2222: 2154: 2122: 2066: 1909: 1711: 1669:

was established as the lead organisation for film in the UK. They set up the

1655: 1548: 1508: 1494: 1468: 1464: 1429: 1308: 1232: 1194: 1034: 824: 812: 792: 10384: 9340: 5874: 3573: 3038:

More relaxed censorship also brought several controversial films, including

1136:. It has become the oldest continuously-operating film studio in the world. 989: 13720: 12859: 12804: 12789: 12403: 11512: 10883: 10475: 10122: 9994: 8973: 8847: 8790: 8775: 8036:

Cinema and the State: The Film industry and the British Government, 1927–84

6846: 6612: 5266: 5203: 5108:

realized by Webber and the Framestore team taking three years to complete.

5073: 5066: 5045: 5016: 4996: 4949: 4906: 4898: 4874: 4858: 4800: 4758: 4709: 4697: 4657: 4649:

In February 2007, the UK became home to Europe's first DCI-compliant fully

4550: 4492: 4458: 4206: 4154: 4024: 3764: 3704: 3694: 3601: 3483: 3467: 3430: 3296: 3256: 3231:

and in 1973, an established British actor Roger Moore was cast as Bond in,

3039: 3026: 3002: 2968: 2924:(1966) benefited from the investment of American studios. Major films like 2829: 2821: 2775: 2767: 2731: 2561: 2423: 2357: 2337: 2320: 2245: 2241: 2218: 2051: 2005: 1790: 1779:

magazine, Hitchcock's reputation was beginning to develop overseas, with a

1715: 1700:. In 1938, General Film Distributors became affiliated with Odeon Cinemas. 1659: 1575: 1560: 1540: 1522: 1432:, starring Donald Calthrop, Benita Home and Fred Raines, which was made by 1351:

caused many British film studios to close, resulting in the passage of the

1277: 1225: 975: 894:, have achieved success primarily through their work in the United States. 883: 836: 804: 800: 796: 784: 780: 776: 10821: 7438:"Fade out from the UK Film Council ... to the British Film Institute" 4680: 2324: 2160:

Following the Cinematograph Film Production (Special Loans) Act 1949, the

13706: 13660: 12869: 11998: 11928: 10166: 10014: 9989: 9982: 9803: 9630: 9105: 8908: 8041: 7994: 7716: 6592: 5859:

Howells, Richard (Summer 2006). "Louis Le Prince: the body of evidence".

5147: 4862: 4828: 4804: 4701: 4636: 4471: 4466: 4426:

led to the release of several other films in the 2000s and 2010s such as

4415: 4303: 4230: 4105: 4036: 3930: 3876: 3790: 3748: 3657: 3653: 3491: 3487: 3479: 3447: 3364: 3154: 3114: 3053: 2853: 2741: 2703: 2524: 2506: 2486: 2482: 2353: 2142: 2134: 2060: 2041: 1986: 1786: 1775: 1629: 1543:

of this period, and a number of popular personalities emerged, including

1530: 1460: 1445: 1412:, had run into financial difficulties. One of the company's early films, 1312: 1148: 1046: 945: 858:

The identity of the British film industry, particularly as it relates to

820: 94: 6221:

Music Hall Mimesis in British Film, 1895–1960: On the Hall on the Screen

5032:(1968) who subsequently worked together on series and feature films for 4150: 3697:, who had been working in the US, was encouraged back to the UK to make 3500:(1981) won 4 Academy Awards in 1982, including Best Picture, its writer 1408:

in Elstree, the facilities original owners, including producer-director

953: 9842: 9311: 8958: 8872: 8755: 7587: 7183:"Only a small fraction of British films turn a profit, BFI study finds" 6949:"Gary Oldman Talks 'Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy,' 'Batman' Retirement" 5085: 5081: 4684: 4452: 4440: 4428: 4404: 4376: 4371: 4287: 4269: 4072: 4018: 3859: 3821: 3514: 3336: 3238: 3119: 2993: 2237: 2204: 2176: 2055: 2019: 1869: 1566: 1536: 1517: 1479: 1374: 1184: 1033:

first brought their show to London in 1896. In 1898, American producer

1012: 891: 808: 764: 756: 12886: 12276: 12184: 9729: 9398: 9260: 8725: 8095: 6773: 6162: 4980: 4836: 4321: 4225: 4180:, which earned $ 228 million; and Richard Curtis's directorial debut 4049: 3631: 3353: 3349: 3321: 3176: 2982: 2168: 1847: 1818:

on 5 September 1939, two days after Britain declared war on Germany,

1814: 1327: 1291: 1281: 1208: 1113:

is the earliest film adaptation of Charles Dickens's festive novella

1089: 1085: 1026: 929: 8046:

The Film Industry and the Government: Endless Mr Beans and Mr Bonds?

6842:"How multiplex cinemas saved the British film industry 25 years ago" 4819:

productions, especially when considering low-budget UK productions.

3817: 2942:(1968) were regularly mounted, while smaller-scale films, including 2895:(1966) were the first English language films of the Polish director 1773:(1938). Lauded in Britain where he was dubbed "Alfred the Great" by 13732: 12137: 8710: 7127:"Warner Bros buys Harry Potter studios in £100m boost for UK films" 6029: 5127: 5123: 4945: 4721: 4343:(2002). Other notable British Asian films from this period include 3661: 3549:(1986) were commercial and critical flops. Another Goldcrest film, 3393: 3087: 2987: 2814: 2763: 2330:

Popular comedy series included the "Doctor" series, beginning with

1556: 1503:(also 1929), the period saw the emergence of the school of realist 1144: 4893:'s earliest films (including the surprising commercial success of 3640:(1985). Dealing with racial and gay issues, it was developed from 2643:(1961), was about the blackmail of homosexuals. Influenced by the 102: 11963: 10777: 7856:

Films and British national identity / From Dickens to Dad's Army

6278:. Lanham, MD and Plymouth, England: Scarecrow Press. p. 43. 4832: 4186:(2003), which grossed $ 239 million. The most successful of all, 3259:

team, also from television. Their two most successful films were

3014: 2952:

winners for best picture were British productions, including six

2401: 2231:, was the highest grossing film at the British box office in 1960 2181: 2001: 1703: 1579: 1441: 1363:

Ironically, the biggest star of the silent era, English comedian

1077: 1050: 7752:

A Mirror for England: British Movies from Austerity to Affluence

6478:"Going to the pictures: British cinema and the Second World War" 5376:"Table 11: Exhibition - Admissions & Gross Box Office (GBO)" 4057:

fully booked, a new studio was created for the film in a former

3093:

Other films during the early 1970s included the Edwardian drama

1381:

established himself as a name director with his first thriller,

937: 12372: 12259: 9799: 8090: 8055:

Film Policy: International, National, and Regional Perspectives

7649:"Hollywood strikes: UK film industry workers hit by US dispute" 5119: 4324:'s attempts to overcome his speech impediment, was directed by 3727:; the latter of whom gained surprising commercial success with 3133: 2709: 2138: 1823: 1444:(strictly speaking almost all the studios were in neighbouring 1004: 57: 6244: 2275:

The Rank Organisation produced some comedy successes, such as

1125:(1906) has been described as the first British animated film. 12236: 10512: 7737:

Fashioning the Nation: Costume and Identity in British Cinema

7592: 6518:"Britain's World War II films were more than just propaganda" 5350:"Table 1: Feature Film Production - Genre/Method of Shooting" 4984: 4475:(2005) and three later films in London. The Mexican director 2584:, both from Osborne's own screenplays. Such films as Reisz's 1868:

took over the responsibilities of the GPO Film Unit in 1940.

1307:(also producer and director) and his friend and story editor 1097: 967: 7970:

British Cinema in the Fifties: Gender Genre and the New Look

7810: 7713:

Best of British: Cinema and Society from 1930 to the Present

4574:

remained successful in hosting major productions, including

2517:, were also involved in the short lived Oxford film journal 7928:

Britain Can Take it: British Cinema in the Second World War

7157:"Warner to purchase and invest £100 million in film studio" 4501:(2009), a film set in 19th century London; Danish director 2281:(1953). The writer/director/producer team of twin brothers 2116:(both 1949), being on release almost simultaneously. Their 1228:, distributing almost 400 films by 1934, and producing 80. 7926:

Aldgate, Anthony and Richards, Jeffrey 2nd Edition. 1994.

7777:

Waving the Flag: Constructing a National Cinema in Britain

4221:

in 2011. All were filmed at Leavesden Studios in England.

4174:(2001), which grossed $ 254 million worldwide; the sequel 3858:(1994). It grossed $ 244 million worldwide and introduced 2948:(1967), were big critical successes. Four of the decade's 8852: 8080: 8008:

Something for Everyone: British film Culture in the 1990s

7556:"PM backs 'dynamic and entrepreneurial' UK film industry" 6815:"AMC CINEMAS® BRINGS THE MULTIPLEX TO THE UNITED KINGDOM" 6069:"The First Film Adaptation of Alice in Wonderland (1903)" 4944:(1978) marked the beginning of a successful period of UK 4559:, the 21st entry in the official Eon Productions series. 3940: 2427: 2395: 2164:(NFFC) was established as a British film funding agency. 1247: 874:

in the 1980s. Numerous British-born directors, including

8085: 4756:

At the closure of the UK Film Council on 31 March 2011,

3304:. Successful adaptations were made in the decade of the 2750:(1963), a hit worldwide. By the time of the third film, 2382:

had continued its run of successful comedies, including

2094:(also 1948), was the first non-American film to win the 9383: 5447:"BFI Screenonline: UK Feature Films Produced 1912–2023" 3408:, was originally formed to take over the production of 2852:

were also active in the UK. Lester had major hits with

1478:

commonly used; for example, the voice of Czech actress

1448:) became the centre of the British film industry, with 1155:

from London who patented his process on 22 March 1899.

1041:

to produce British films, mostly documentary and news.

7770:

Women in British Cinema: Mad Bad and Dangerous to Know

7384:"Cut the Film Council and end this 1970s navel-gazing" 5629:"Harry Potter becomes highest-grossing film franchise" 4047:

films returned to production with the 17th Bond film,

3153:(1977) met with mixed commercial success. The British 2985:

began his feature film career with the social realist

2225:

in four films between 1957 and 1959. Their last film,

1673:

in 1935 (now known as the BFI National Archive), with

7679:"Tim Webber: the man who put Sandra Bullock in space" 3563:, but did not go into profit either. Joffé's earlier 3035:(1970), but for a time funds became hard to come by. 1692:, which opened in 1936. Also in 1936, Rank took over 1452:

over the years all in close proximity to each other.

7302:"Clint Eastwood joins fight to save UK Film Council" 7277:"Clint Eastwood writes plea to save UK Film Council" 5247:

List of highest-grossing films in the United Kingdom

5137: 4261:

won the Golden Bear at the Berlin Film Festival for

3356: ... a crucial part of the funding equation." 2722:

At the same time, film producers Harry Saltzman and

2199:

was initially opened in a temporary building at the

1311:. Some of their early films include four written by 1280:, becoming Britain's largest film studio, known for 11950: 8086:

British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA)

7352:"Michael Winner berates UK Film Council supporters" 6658:

Reference Guide to British and Irish Film Directors

6414:. Government of the United Kingdom. 31 March 2022. 4525:(2007), a sequel to a British horror film; and two 3994:(1994) proved there was still a market for British 2975:After directing several contributions to the BBC's 974:in 1888 and the first moving pictures developed on 917:are considered to be the British equivalent of the 8052: 7870: 7812: 7382: 7257:"Daniel Barber condemns UK Film Council abolition" 6301:"Associated British Picture Corporation (1933-70)" 4462:(both 2019), all of starred Black-British actors. 4237:Wallace & Gromit: The Curse of the Were-Rabbit 3175:, were finally absorbed into the film division of 3107:, Nicolas Roeg's Venice-set supernatural thriller 10491:Glasgow International Financial Services District 9513: 7949:Et le Cinéma Britannique entra en guerre ... 6641: 6639: 6019:"World's first colour moving pictures discovered" 5836:. BBC Education. 28 November 1999. Archived from 5378:. UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Archived from 5352:. UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Archived from 5326:. UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Archived from 4948:, continuing into the 1980s with filmmakers like 3958:Among the more successful British films were the 3255:(1974). More elevated comedy films came from the 2762:the following year. The series' success led to a 1242:was founded, and acquired in 1928 by German-born 14124: 8135: 7914:The British Documentary Film Movement, 1926–1946 5739:. Cinema Exhibitor's Association. Archived from 4745:Countering this, a few professionals, including 3892:(2001). PFE was eventually sold and merged with 1913:(1944). The war years also saw the emergence of 7749: 7728:Chibnall, Steve and Murphy, Robert; Eds. 1999. 7694:, 17 September 2013. Retrieved 17 January 2014. 6032:, 12 September 2012. Retrieved on 29 July 2013. 5316: 3747:also produced some successful films, including 3157:cycle associated with Hammer Film Productions, 8015:Not Having It All: Women and Film in the 1990s 7935:All Our Yesterdays: 90 Years of British Cinema 7742:Curran, James and Porter, Vincent; Eds. 1983. 7430: 7097:"London Calling, With Luck, Lust and Ambition" 7064: 6964:. 8 December 2011. Retrieved 10 December 2013. 6636: 6515: 6462:. University of California Press, 1999, p. 16. 6298: 6271: 5324:"Table 6: Share of Top 3 distributors (Excel)" 4414:(2008) that was written and directed by actor 4043:After a six-year hiatus for legal reasons the 13748: 12388: 10837: 9499: 9369: 9345: 8121: 8034:Dickinson, Margaret and Street, Sarah. 1985. 7868: 7798:British Genres: Cinema and Society, 1930–1960 7711:Aldgate, Anthony and Richards Jeffrey. 2002. 6472: 6470: 6468: 6127: 5342: 5288: 5286: 4529:adaptations were also directed by foreigners— 4218:Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 4212:Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 3998:, and other period films followed, including 3736:The Cook, the Thief, His Wife & Her Lover 2126:(1945) is also particularly highly regarded. 966:The world's first moving picture was shot in 732: 8050: 6511: 6509: 6205:British Film Studios: An Illustrated History 5794: 5792: 5368: 4511:(2008), a biopic about the English criminal 4157:, who produced all eight instalments of the 3874:(1999). Other Working Titles films included 2556:Together with future James Bond co-producer 1000:The first people to build and run a working 10851: 7536:Statistical Yearbook 2011: 7.3 UK directors 7511:"Warner Bros opens revamped UK film studio" 7331:Online campaign to save the UK Film Council 6224:. Associated University Press. p. 79. 5294:"Table 8: Cinema Infrastructure - Capacity" 5174:British Academy of Film and Television Arts 3470:'s first screenplay for the cinema screen. 2707:(both 1966), all explored this phenomenon. 2291:(1956), and continuing with (among others) 1644:(1939). These had followed closely on from 961: 915:British Academy of Film and Television Arts 13755: 13741: 12395: 12381: 10844: 10830: 9506: 9492: 9376: 9362: 8128: 8114: 7545:. UK Film Council. Retrieved 19 July 2012. 7487:. The Hollywood Reporter. 3 January 2015. 7408:"Pros and cons of dumping UK film council" 7036:"Studio Tour Casts Spells Just Like Harry" 6465: 6217: 6155: 6153: 5703: 5283: 5112:mainstream technologies. The British film 3840:These problems were mostly compensated by 3404:Handmade Films, which was partly owned by 2997:(1969). Meanwhile, the controversy around 2203:. It moved to its present location on the 1162:Screenshot from the first film version of 1060:was founded as a subsidiary of the French 739: 725: 43: 7979:. Manchester: Manchester University Press 7977:The British Working Class in Postwar Film 7725:. Manchester: Manchester University Press 6591:. 9 October 1957. p. 14 – via 6583:"10-Day London Fest Films Preems Oct. 16" 6506: 6292: 6245:Richard Allen; S. Ishii-Gonzalès (2004). 5789: 5441: 5439: 5437: 4846:The UK film industry was affected by the 3920:Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace 3844:, a film studio whose British subsidiary 3504:declared "the British are coming!". When 1428:was released. It was based on a novel by 1391: 7462:"King's Speech: BFI gets king's ransom?" 7380: 6833: 6218:St. Pierre, Paul Matthew (31 May 2009). 6041: 5475:. British Film Institute. Archived from 5104:(2013), with new techniques involved in 4995: 4857: 4775: 4679: 4482:Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban 4242: 4202:Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone 4149: 3816: 3392: 3335: 3181: 3013: 2802: 2655: 2477: 2400: 2213: 2188:, and would have led to objections from 2000: 1702: 1565: 1373: 1290: 1157: 988: 952: 944: 936: 928: 9800:2020 Withdrawal from the European Union 9740:Second Industrial Revolution 1860s–1914 8096:Michael Powell & Emeric Pressburger 7942:British Cinema and the Second World War 7930:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press 7811:Brian McFarlane; Anthony Slide (2003). 6894:"BFI Screenonline: Puttnam, Lord David" 6275:Historical Dictionary of British Cinema 6150: 5858: 4839:, because we are extraordinary at it." 4252:68th Venice International Film Festival 2248:. Some of the most successful included 1511:. It was Grierson who coined the term " 14: 14143:Cultural history of the United Kingdom 14125: 8904:Associated British Picture Corporation 7833:Monk, Claire and Sargeant, Amy. 2002. 7405: 7312:from the original on 22 September 2016 7299: 6986:, London: BFI Publishing, 2000, p. 82. 6789:"BFI Screenonline: Channel 4 and Film" 6770: 6311:from the original on 24 September 2015 6272:Burton, Alan; Chibnall, Steve (2013). 6202: 5665:from the original on 26 September 2018 5609:from the original on 16 September 2018 5557:from the original on 16 September 2018 5434: 4696:. Actors and professionals, including 4290:'s adaptation of the Ian McEwan novel 3086:as the leader of a gang of thugs in a 2336:(1954). The series originally starred 2323:was "outstanding as a classic British 2186:General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1860:, 1942) looked at the home front. The 13736: 12376: 11949: 10825: 9487: 9357: 9344: 8109: 7599:from the original on 30 November 2022 7580: 7395:from the original on 12 January 2022. 7349: 7137:from the original on 18 November 2022 7016:from the original on 19 November 2012 6735:A New Biographical Dictionary of Film 6624:from the original on 13 February 2013 6528:from the original on 2 September 2019 6207:. London: B. T. Batsford. p. 61. 6066: 3204:fund films based on TV shows such as 2151:Motion Picture Association of America 2070:(1949), and Powell and Pressburger's 1989:, emerged in the Gainsborough films. 1596:British and Dominions Elstree Studios 1384:The Lodger: A Story of the London Fog 870:attempted to do so in the 1940s, and 13762: 10806: 10523:London Platinum and Palladium Market 9273:History of British film certificates 9137:British Board of Film Classification 8101:British Cinema in the 50's and 60's 7581:Hines, Dominique (7 November 2022). 7562:from the original on 30 October 2012 7491:from the original on 17 January 2018 7418:from the original on 21 October 2012 7207:"People Index – Actors: Total Gross" 6839: 6795:from the original on 29 October 2019 6742:, 2003, London: Methuen/BFI, p. 168. 6494:from the original on 20 October 2020 6418:from the original on 18 January 2013 5956: 5938:from the original on 18 October 2022 5925: 5907:from the original on 5 November 2015 5784:British Film Institute | The BFI 100 5583:from the original on 18 October 2018 5505:from the original on 16 October 2018 5176:, are the British equivalent of the 4549:. The decade also saw English actor 2734:in the leading role. The first film 2444:(1957), Hammer quickly graduated to 986:, who patented the process in 1890. 9385:Cinema chains in the United Kingdom 9172:National Film and Television School 9157:British Society of Cinematographers 7746:. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson 7655:. 25 September 2023. Archived from 7381:Fellowes, Julian (12 August 2010). 7300:Shoard, Catherine (9 August 2010). 6919:"This week's new theatre and dance" 6807: 6516:Gerard Gilbert (3 September 2009). 5987: 5262:National Film and Television School 4734:in London) to write to the British 3523:(1984), alongside the lower-budget 3032:The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes 2547:, made documentaries for the BBC's 2211:on 16 October 1957 run by the BFI. 2028:(1945) and his Dickens adaptations 1924:The Life and Death of Colonel Blimp 1800: 1404:(BIP) in 1927. Based at the former 1303:was founded in London by the actor 1174:Natural Color Kinematograph Company 1015:. They made the first British film 91:Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures 24: 7786:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 7700: 7077:from the original on 16 March 2014 6761:. Empire. Retrieved 5 January 2013 6605: 6557:"British film import duty 1948-49" 6184:from the original on 8 August 2012 6109:from the original on 27 March 2022 6035: 6000:from the original on 15 March 2012 5691:from the original on 8 August 2012 5531:from the original on 8 August 2012 5473:"The Directors' Top Ten Directors" 4991: 3137:(1972), Other productions such as 1992: 1217:, which launched the chase genre. 866:was marked by this objective, the 117:Produced feature films (2017) 25: 14154: 10753:Confederation of British Industry 9948:Expansion plans for Milton Keynes 9611:Department for Business and Trade 9606:Competition and Markets Authority 9177:National Science and Media Museum 9064:Woolf & Freedman Film Service 8074: 7902:. London: George, Allen and Unwin 7779:. Oxford: Oxford University Press 7625:. 2 February 2023. Archived from 7517:from the original on 25 June 2012 7406:Clarke, Donald (20 August 2010). 7362:from the original on 7 March 2016 7107:from the original on 18 July 2012 7065:Peter Bradshaw (6 January 2006). 6982:Watson, Neil, "Hollywood UK", in 6900:from the original on 26 July 2013 6752:"The 100 Best British Films Ever" 6440:, London: Routledge, 2009, p. 12. 6412:"British Film Institute – GOV.UK" 5810:from the original on 26 July 2013 5713:. UK Film Council. Archived from 5639:from the original on 26 July 2013 5453:from the original on 4 March 2018 4595:Charlie and the Chocolate Factory 4177:Bridget Jones: The Edge of Reason 3929:(1999). Miramax also distributed 2880:(1968). While Kubrick settled in 2791:The Spy Who Came In from the Cold 2587:Saturday Night and Sunday Morning 2497:film makers attempted to produce 2473: 2356:also made a number of successful 2162:National Film Finance Corporation 1486:was substituted by an off-camera 1406:British National Pictures Studios 1299:In 1920, the short-lived company 1141:National Science and Media Museum 13714: 13700: 12402: 10805: 10796: 10795: 9648:Office for Budget Responsibility 9325: 9324: 7937:. London: British Film Institute 7815:The encyclopedia of British film 7784:English Heritage, English Cinema 7046:from the original on 23 May 2012 7006:"£200m film studio boost for UK" 6740:The Encyclopedia of British Film 6079:from the original on 17 May 2017 5969:from the original on 20 May 2016 5765:. Cinema Exhibitor's Association 5711:"UK film - the vital statistics" 5422:from the original on 28 May 2022 5209:Hollywood and the United Kingdom 5154: 5140: 4320:, which tells the story of King 2543:. Another member of this group, 1529:, and incorporating the poem by 1521:(1936), written and directed by 1507:, from 1933 associated with the 1200:Alice's Adventures in Wonderland 841:highest-grossing film franchises 213: 154:Number of admissions (2017) 34: 11952:Countries of the United Kingdom 11052:Countries of the United Kingdom 9584:Governor of the Bank of England 9239:British Independent Film Awards 8091:Britmovie|Home of British Films 7991:British Cinema and the Cold War 7842:British Cinema Book 2nd Edition 7671: 7641: 7611: 7574: 7548: 7529: 7503: 7477: 7454: 7399: 7374: 7343: 7324: 7293: 7285:. 9 August 2010. Archived from 7269: 7250: 7231: 7199: 7175: 7149: 7119: 7089: 7058: 7028: 6998: 6989: 6976: 6967: 6935: 6912: 6886: 6866: 6854:from the original on 6 May 2020 6840:Hoad, Phil (11 November 2010). 6781: 6764: 6745: 6723: 6703: 6683: 6663: 6656:, BFI screenonline, citing the 6599: 6575: 6563:from the original on 2 May 2015 6549: 6540: 6452: 6443: 6430: 6404: 6381: 6361: 6341: 6332: 6323: 6265: 6238: 6211: 6196: 6170: 6121: 6091: 6060: 6012: 5981: 5950: 5919: 5897:"Who's Who of Victorian Cinema" 5889: 5869:(2). Oxford Journals: 179–200. 5852: 5822: 5777: 5755: 5729: 5677: 5651: 5621: 5595: 5569: 5543: 5298:UNESCO Institute for Statistics 5126:at the same time as its cinema 4921:(1975), the openly avant-garde 4835:, in a middle-class sense, and 4553:became the new James Bond with 4283:The Wind That Shakes the Barley 4267:. In 2004, Mike Leigh directed 4196:(2008), grossed $ 601 million. 3262:Monty Python and the Holy Grail 3252:Confessions of a Window Cleaner 2939:The Charge of the Light Brigade 2906:Historical films as diverse as 2485:(centre) who was active in the 1193:, the first film adaptation of 11047:Counties of the United Kingdom 10763:Federation of Small Businesses 9167:Cinema Exhibitors' Association 9049:Tigon British Film Productions 8924:British National Films Company 8868:Warner Bros. Studios Leavesden 7963:British Cinema and Thatcherism 7849:The Great British Picture Show 7558:. Number 10. 11 January 2012. 6995:Watson, "Hollywood UK", p. 83. 6608:"School for Scoundrels (1959)" 6178:"Chaplin, Charles (1889–1977)" 6128:Estel Eforgan (30 June 2010). 6103:Film Distributors’ Association 6046:. University of Exeter Press. 5685:"Chaplin, Charles (1889–1977)" 5517: 5491: 5465: 5394: 5225:List of British film directors 5036:. Thanks to the Bristol-based 4970:London Film Makers Cooperative 4938:The release of Derek Jarman's 4913:(1975), while others included 4491:(2006); New Zealand filmmaker 4398:2005 saw the emergence of The 4053:. With their traditional home 3592:(1974), these being the first 3582:(1975) had been funded by the 3359:With the removal of the levy, 3189:(pictured in 1986) starred as 2865:The Knack ...and How to Get It 2692:The Knack ...and How to Get It 2464:being the most regular leads. 2096:Academy Award for Best Picture 1943:and David Lean collaborations 1686:British National Films Company 1591:The Private Life of Henry VIII 1533:towards the end of the short. 1402:British International Pictures 1268:got his start, selling out to 65: 13: 1: 10533:Alternative Investment Market 10513:London Interbank Offered Rate 10469:List of UK building societies 9515:Economy of the United Kingdom 7858:. Manchester University Press 7350:child, Ben (11 August 2010). 6166:. 21 January 1948. p. 5. 6160:"The British Film Industry". 6130:Leslie Howard: The Lost Actor 5994:Who's Who of Victorian Cinema 5763:"UK cinema annual admissions" 5635:. London. 11 September 2007. 5499:"Powell, Michael (1905–1990)" 5277: 4853: 4660:completed the acquisition of 3842:PolyGram Filmed Entertainment 3131:returned to Britain to shoot 2683:magazine in 1966. Films like 2533:, among several sponsored by 1628:(1937), as well as the early 1058:Gaumont-British Picture Corp. 14138:Cinema of the United Kingdom 11819:Universal basic income (UBI) 10748:British Chambers of Commerce 10743:British Bankers' Association 9256:Cinematograph Films Act 1927 8137:Cinema of the United Kingdom 7961:Friedman, Lester; Ed. 1992. 7916:. Cambridge University Press 7900:Film Making in 1930s Britain 7800:. Princeton University Press 6647:"Dearden, Basil (1911-1971)" 6299:Alexander, Lou (2003–2014). 6067:Mills, Ted (31 March 2016). 5230:List of British film studios 3988:'s Shakespeare adaptations. 3527:adaptations of the works of 3411:Monty Python's Life of Brian 3311:Murder on the Orient Express 3268:Monty Python's Life of Brian 2774:starred as bespectacled spy 2651: 1353:Cinematograph Films Act 1927 1018:Incident at Clovelly Cottage 982:in 1889 by British inventor 175:Gross box office (2017) 32:Cinema of the United Kingdom 7: 11824:Water supply and sanitation 11523:Weapons of mass destruction 11508:His Majesty's Naval Service 9636:Chancellor of the Exchequer 9616:Financial Conduct Authority 9234:British Academy Film Awards 8964:G. B. Samuelson Productions 8919:British Instructional Films 8013:Brunsdon, Charlotte. 2000. 7968:Geraghty, Christine. 2000. 7951:, Cerf-Corlet, 2009, 240pp. 7721:Babington, Bruce; Ed. 2001. 6449:Warren (2001), pp. 29, 119. 6392:"Robeson, Paul (1898–1976)" 5659:"Scott, Sir Ridley (1937-)" 5402:"Statistical Yearbook 2018" 5235:List of cinema of the world 5170:British Academy Film Awards 5133: 5118:(2003) was the first to be 4827:In November 2022, director 4736:Chancellor of the Exchequer 4400:British Urban Film Festival 4337:(1999) and continuing with 4087:(1993) and his biggest hit 3855:Four Weddings and a Funeral 3720:Distant Voices, Still Lives 2147:Chancellor of the Exchequer 1981:(1945). New stars, such as 1539:also proved influential in 1110:Scrooge, or, Marley's Ghost 1045:particular, adaptations of 753:oldest known surviving film 10: 14159: 11919:Stereotypes of the British 10783:UK Payments Administration 9735:New Imperialism 1830s–1945 9559:Government-owned companies 9162:Children's Film Foundation 8801:Mister Smith Entertainment 8020:Murphy, Robert; Ed. 2000. 7982:Murphy, Robert; Ed. 1996. 7873:50 Contemporary Filmmakers 7840:Murphy, Robert; Ed. 2001. 7819:. Methuen Publishing Ltd. 6338:Warren (2001), pp. 26, 28. 6329:Warren (2001), pp. 57, 58. 6248:Hitchcock: Past and Future 6180:. British Film Institute. 5687:. British Film Institute. 5661:. British Film Institute. 5605:. British Film Institute. 5579:. British Film Institute. 5553:. British Film Institute. 5527:. British Film Institute. 5501:. British Film Institute. 5189:Cinema of Northern Ireland 4895:The Draughtsman's Contract 3991:The Madness of King George 3902:Interview with the Vampire 3889:Captain Corelli's Mandolin 3730:The Draughtsman's Contract 3559:(also 1986), won the 1986 3388:Merchant Ivory Productions 2744:in the UK and the second, 2590:(also 1960), Richardson's 2530:Every Day Except Christmas 2489:and the 'British New Wave' 2300:Carlton-Browne of the F.O. 2073:A Matter of Life and Death 1696:and in 1937, Rank founded 1172:In 1909, Urban formed the 1037:expanded the London-based 924: 886:, and performers, such as 14066: 14028: 13770: 13694: 13651: 13618: 13541: 13474: 13467: 13410: 13315: 13232: 13159: 13150: 13118: 13003: 12960: 12902: 12740: 12685: 12676: 12646: 12600: 12544: 12468: 12432: 12423: 12410: 12334: 12235: 12136: 12084:First Minister and deputy 12049: 11962: 11958: 11945: 11941: 11842: 11682: 11673: 11631: 11548: 11539: 11498: 11439: 11308: 11304: 11295: 11157: 11085: 11037: 11033: 11024: 10957: 10869: 10860: 10791: 10726: 10543: 10442: 10307: 10300: 10216: 10146: 10073: 10048: 9896: 9885: 9858:National champions policy 9853:Recessions and recoveries 9830: 9770:1979 Winter of Discontent 9705:1659–1849 Navigation Acts 9697: 9688: 9680:UK Trade & Investment 9589:Monetary Policy Committee 9567: 9521: 9417: 9391: 9351: 9346:Links to related articles 9320: 9221: 9200: 9124: 9096:Documentary Film Movement 9076: 9059:Woodfall Film Productions 8979:General Film Distributors 8891: 8698: 8686: 8143: 8022:British Cinema of the 90s 7933:Barr, Charles; Ed. 1986. 7909:, New York: Hill and Wang 7854:Richards, Jeffrey. 1997. 7835:British Historical Cinema 7723:British Stars and Stardom 6984:British Cinema of the 90s 6932:. Retrieved 19 July 2012. 6696:23 September 2012 at the 6354:27 September 2012 at the 6203:Warren, Patricia (2001). 6024:14 September 2017 at the 5959:"Booth, W.R. (1869-1938)" 5932:BFI Screenonline Database 5800:"Baftas fuel Oscars race" 5525:"Reed, Carol (1906–1976)" 5090:visual effects supervisor 4651:digital multiplex cinemas 4542:Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy 4447:The Intent 2: The Come Up 3826:1997 Cannes Film Festival 3440:(1985), the black comedy 2844:(1967). Voluntary exiles 2447:The Curse of Frankenstein 2435:The Quatermass Experiment 1758:The Man Who Knew Too Much 1694:General Film Distributors 1505:Documentary Film Movement 1214:A Daring Daylight Robbery 1096:began producing films in 1088:began producing films in 907:BFI Top 100 British films 191:£515 million (37.4%) 187: 179: 174: 166: 158: 153: 145: 137: 129: 121: 116: 86: 78: 64: 42: 31: 12618:Central African Republic 11712:Environmental inequality 9795:2009 bank rescue package 9790:2008 bank rescue package 9755:1929–39 Great Depression 9626:HM Revenue & Customs 9534:Employee-owned companies 8989:Hemdale Film Corporation 8838:Recorded Picture Company 7750:Raymond Durgnat (1970). 7243:26 February 2017 at the 6485:School of Advanced Study 5901:www.victorian-cinema.net 5551:"Caine, Michael (1933-)" 4822: 4675: 4607:The Phantom of the Opera 4515:; the Spanish filmmaker 4145: 3812: 3331: 3009: 2868:(1965) and Kubrick with 2207:in London for the first 2107:Kind Hearts and Coronets 1260:In 1920, Gaumont opened 1231:In 1913, stage director 962:Origins and silent films 18:Cinema of United Kingdom 9963:List of counties by GVA 9745:1873–79 Long Depression 9710:Agricultural Revolution 9675:UK Statistics Authority 9182:Northern Ireland Screen 9116:Gainsborough melodramas 8766:Hammer Film Productions 7975:Gillett, Philip. 2003. 7863:British National Cinema 7684:22 January 2014 at the 7443:1 December 2016 at the 6954:31 October 2014 at the 6879:11 January 2013 at the 6676:22 October 2019 at the 6671:"Pool of London (1950)" 6652:19 October 2019 at the 6438:British National Cinema 6042:McKernan, Luke (2018). 5603:"Winslet, Kate (1975-)" 5577:"Connery, Sean (1930-)" 5115:This Is Not a Love Song 4517:Juan Carlos Fresnadillo 4513:Michael Gordon Peterson 4061:aero-engine factory at 3681:My Beautiful Laundrette 3646:My Beautiful Laundrette 3637:My Beautiful Laundrette 3243:Confessions of ... 2813:(1963) was designed by 2713:(also 1966), and later 2608:(1963), and Anderson's 2431:science fiction serials 2184:under the terms of the 1866:Ministry of Information 1688:and they helped create 1684:became a co-founder of 1490:during Ondra's scenes. 1425:The Clue of the New Pin 1039:Warwick Trading Company 167: • Per capita 79: • Per capita 13813:Bosnia and Herzegovina 13328:Bosnia and Herzegovina 11598:Science and technology 10773:Institute of Directors 10738:Business organisations 10663:Science and technology 10556:International students 10268:Working Time Directive 9641:Debt Management Office 9418:Smaller & regional 9142:British Film Institute 8934:Clarendon Film Company 8929:Butcher's Film Service 8843:Scott Free Productions 8081:British Film Institute 7984:Sixties British Cinema 7940:Murphy, Robert. 2000. 7869:Yvonne Tasker (2002). 7805:British Social Realism 7791:Sex, Class and Realism 7782:Higson, Andrew. 2003. 7775:Higson, Andrew. 1995. 7744:British Cinema History 7188:3 January 2017 at the 6716:6 October 2012 at the 6618:British Film Institute 6546:Warren (2001), p. 120. 5737:"UK cinema box office" 5413:British Film Institute 5220:List of British actors 5184:British Film Institute 5005: 4960:, with success at the 4871:British Film Institute 4866: 4784: 4694:British Film Institute 4688: 4669:British Film Institute 4662:Leavesden Film Studios 4383:take leading roles in 4254: 4164: 4093:(1996), which won the 3971:The Remains of the Day 3933:'s acclaimed thriller 3828: 3803:'s directorial debut, 3644:'s first film script. 3584:British Film Institute 3401: 3344: 3200: 3099:(1971), which won the 3022: 2901:Michelangelo Antonioni 2817: 2677:" image propagated by 2670: 2596:(1961), Schlesinger's 2490: 2415: 2348:in leading roles. The 2317:British Film Institute 2232: 2131:Import Duties Act 1932 2015: 1965:(1944). By this time, 1809: 1725: 1667:British Film Institute 1571: 1476:received pronunciation 1392:The early sound period 1388: 1296: 1272:in 1927. Also in 1920 1169: 1122:The Hand of the Artist 997: 958: 957:Sir Oswald Stoll, 1922 950: 942: 934: 903:British Film Institute 82:7.3 per 100,000 (2017) 14133:British film industry 12638:São Tomé and Príncipe 11575:Free trade agreements 10768:Industry trade groups 10528:London Stock Exchange 10518:London Metal Exchange 10285:Trades Union Congress 9978:East London Tech City 9822:Cost-of-living crisis 9760:1948–52 Marshall Plan 9715:Industrial Revolution 9307:National Theatre Live 9091:British horror cinema 9024:The Rank Organisation 8969:Gainsborough Pictures 8914:British and Dominions 8731:Double Negative (VFX) 8051:Albert Moran (1996). 8029:Cinema and government 7861:Street, Sarah. 1997. 7851:. Little Brown, 1988. 7847:Perry, George. 1988. 7803:Lay, Samantha. 2002. 7796:Landy, Marcia. 1991. 7754:. Faber & Faber. 7513:. BBC. 12 June 2012. 7181:Ben Beaumont-Thomas, 6924:14 March 2016 at the 6397:8 August 2012 at the 6374:8 August 2012 at the 5990:"Walter Robert Booth" 5875:10.1093/screen/hjl015 5215:List of British films 5162:United Kingdom portal 5029:2001: A Space Odyssey 4999: 4956:, and producers like 4919:Requiem for a Village 4861: 4848:2023 SAG-AFTRA strike 4779: 4683: 4532:The Constant Gardener 4246: 4171:Bridget Jones's Diary 4153: 4001:Sense and Sensibility 3952:The Wings of the Dove 3820: 3754:The Company of Wolves 3690:Dance with a Stranger 3396: 3339: 3320:(1978). The entry of 3185: 3017: 2962:(1968), based on the 2956:for the film musical 2921:A Man for All Seasons 2877:2001: A Space Odyssey 2806: 2747:From Russia with Love 2659: 2481: 2404: 2385:The Lavender Hill Mob 2312:School for Scoundrels 2283:John and Roy Boulting 2217: 2197:National Film Theatre 2008:as Sister Clodagh in 2004: 1805: 1706: 1698:The Rank Organisation 1671:National Film Library 1625:Knight Without Armour 1606:to invest in Korda's 1569: 1377: 1294: 1270:Gainsborough Pictures 1161: 1153:Edward Raymond Turner 992: 984:William Friese Greene 956: 948: 940: 933:William Friese-Greene 932: 223:List of British films 13105:United Arab Emirates 11924:World Heritage Sites 11717:Environmental issues 11421:Female party leaders 11062:Overseas territories 10562:Entertainment & 9785:Late-2000s recession 9780:1992 Black Wednesday 9720:Financial Revolution 9549:FTSE Fledgling Index 9290:London Film Festival 9147:BFI National Archive 9111:Kitchen sink realism 8716:Big Talk Productions 8687:Production companies 8059:. Psychology Press. 8006:Brown, Geoff. 2000. 7898:Low, Rachael. 1985. 7877:. Psychology Press. 7865:. London: Routledge. 7807:. London: Wallflower 7730:British Crime Cinema 7541:15 June 2012 at the 7467:20 July 2014 at the 7336:23 July 2012 at the 7262:23 July 2012 at the 7103:. 28 December 2005. 6757:23 July 2015 at the 5928:"Blackfriars Bridge" 5806:. 26 February 2001. 4962:Cannes Film Festival 4933:A Private Enterprise 4503:Nicolas Winding Refn 4340:Bend It Like Beckham 4259:Michael Winterbottom 4224:Aardman Animations' 3976:Richard Attenborough 3589:A Private Enterprise 3421:The Long Good Friday 3341:Richard Attenborough 3228:Diamonds Are Forever 3139:Richard Attenborough 3105:Cannes Film Festival 2503:kitchen sink realism 2363:Laughter in Paradise 2309:(1959). Starring in 2209:London Film Festival 1647:Wings of the Morning 1438:Beaconsfield Studios 1062:Gaumont Film Company 1031:The Lumière brothers 107:20th Century Studios 14029:States with limited 13654:& transnational 10258:Equal opportunities 9863:Economic liberalism 9765:1974 Three-Day Week 9750:1926 general strike 9554:FTSE SmallCap Index 9019:Merton Park Studios 9014:MGM-British Studios 9004:London Film Company 8984:Halas and Batchelor 8949:Denham Film Studios 8883:Working Title Films 7965:. London: UCL Press 7947:Rousselet, Francis 7944:. London: Continuum 7912:Swann, Paul. 2003. 7905:Rotha, Paul. 1973. 7772:. London: Continuum 7768:Harper, Sue. 2000. 7732:. London: Routledge 7474:, 24 February 2011. 7289:on 26 January 2011. 7133:. 9 November 2010. 7012:. 7 November 1995. 6883:, BFI screenonline. 6720:, BFI screenonline. 6700:, BFI screenonline. 6680:, BFI screenonline. 6401:, BFI screenonline. 6378:, BFI screenonline. 6358:, BFI screenonline. 6349:"Korda and Empuire" 6134:Vallentine Mitchell 5840:on 28 November 1999 5717:on 11 December 2011 5382:on 24 December 2018 5356:on 24 December 2018 5330:on 24 December 2018 5304:on 24 December 2018 4979:With the launch of 4915:Moon Over the Alley 4444:(2016), its sequel 4299:Slumdog Millionaire 4031:Shakespeare in Love 3914:Saving Private Ryan 3908:Mission: Impossible 3846:Working Title Films 3710:The Last of England 3617:Burning an Illusion 3473:Goldcrest producer 3453:A Fish Called Wanda 2537:, and Richardson's 2333:Doctor in the House 2201:Festival of Britain 2113:Passport to Pimlico 1921:with films such as 1820:George Bernard Shaw 1749:The Thief of Bagdad 1608:Denham Film Studios 1396:Scottish solicitor 1276:was founded by Sir 1274:Cricklewood Studios 1197:'s children's book 1190:Alice in Wonderland 1165:Alice in Wonderland 1023:Mitchell and Kenyon 941:Charles Urban, 1914 773:Olivia de Havilland 13506:Dominican Republic 11618:Telecommunications 11570:Economic geography 11426:Political scandals 11057:Crown Dependencies 10673:Telecommunications 9838:Economic geography 8999:Ideal Film Company 8899:Amicus Productions 8831:Shepperton Studios 8786:Jellyfish Pictures 8721:British Lion Films 8706:Aardman Animations 7989:Shaw, Tony. 2001. 7972:. London Routledge 7837:. London Routledge 7789:Hill, John. 1986. 7196:, 3 December 2013. 7101:The New York Times 7040:The New York Times 6947:,at the age of 58. 6458:Leff, Leonard J., 6369:"Sabu (1924–1963)" 6099:"FDA - What We Do" 5257:London Film School 5194:Cinema of Scotland 5038:Aardman Animations 5006: 4867: 4785: 4706:Pete Postlethwaite 4689: 4656:In November 2010, 4631:X-Men: First Class 4537:Fernando Meirelles 4346:My Son the Fanatic 4255: 4165: 4090:Secrets & Lies 3894:Universal Pictures 3829: 3668:, were dubbed the 3566:The Killing Fields 3546:Absolute Beginners 3534:A Room with a View 3520:A Passage to India 3463:A Private Function 3402: 3345: 3201: 3079:A Clockwork Orange 3023: 2981:anthology series, 2909:Lawrence of Arabia 2859:A Hard Day's Night 2818: 2724:Albert R. Broccoli 2671: 2666:Lawrence of Arabia 2611:This Sporting Life 2567:Look Back in Anger 2491: 2416: 2306:I'm All Right Jack 2288:Private's Progress 2233: 2228:I'm All Right Jack 2031:Great Expectations 2016: 1955:(1945) as well as 1919:Emeric Pressburger 1883:Went the Day Well? 1874:Alberto Cavalcanti 1858:Stewart McAllister 1839:London Can Take It 1740:Goodbye, Mr. Chips 1726: 1572: 1450:six film complexes 1389: 1297: 1222:Ideal Film Company 1211:produced the film 1170: 1080:, South London by 1066:Lime Grove Studios 998: 959: 951: 943: 935: 183:£1.38 billion 99:Universal Pictures 14120: 14119: 14114: 14113: 13764:Cinema of Europe 13730: 13729: 13614: 13613: 13463: 13462: 13146: 13145: 12672: 12671: 12370: 12369: 12330: 12329: 12326: 12325: 12322: 12321: 11937: 11936: 11669: 11668: 11535: 11534: 11531: 11530: 11416:Political parties 11340:Foreign relations 11291: 11290: 11287: 11286: 11020: 11019: 10997:Mass surveillance 10975:Foreign relations 10908:Second World War 10819: 10818: 10722: 10721: 10501:Lloyd's of London 10212: 10211: 10184:Industrialisation 10098:Industrialisation 9881: 9880: 9810:COVID-19 pandemic 9730:1815–46 Corn Laws 9481: 9480: 9338: 9337: 9278:Home Video Charts 9072: 9071: 8994:Hepworth Pictures 8878:Wimbledon Studios 8796:Longcross Studios 8751:Film4 Productions 8066:978-0-415-09791-8 7884:978-0-415-18974-3 7761:978-0-571-09503-2 7735:Cook, Pam. 1996. 7460:Geoffrey Macnab, 7163:. 8 November 2010 7042:. 29 March 2012. 6821:on 4 January 2015 6691:"Sapphire (1959)" 6606:Brooke, Michael. 6258:978-0-415-27525-5 6231:978-0-8386-4191-0 6143:978-0-85303-971-6 5963:BFI Screenonlinee 5830:"Louis Le Prince" 4797:Christopher Nolan 4781:Christopher Nolan 4766:The King's Speech 4619:Fantastic Mr. Fox 4577:Finding Neverland 4535:by the Brazilian 4418:. The success of 4317:The King's Speech 4310:), screenwriter ( 3852:-scripted comedy 3428:'s fantasy films 3361:multiplex cinemas 3317:Death on the Nile 3249:, beginning with 3196:Death on the Nile 3117:' gangster drama 2797:The Deadly Affair 2540:Momma Don't Allow 2501:films (see also ' 2269:Reach for the Sky 2263:The Colditz Story 1983:Margaret Lockwood 1930:A Canterbury Tale 1892:In Which We Serve 1853:Listen to Britain 1846:, 1940) detailed 1834:Humphrey Jennings 1770:The Lady Vanishes 1641:The Four Feathers 1588:. The success of 1334:Five Pound Reward 1262:Islington Studios 1255:film distribution 1116:A Christmas Carol 980:Hyde Park, London 880:Christopher Nolan 868:Rank Organisation 749: 748: 195: 194: 111:Entertainment One 87:Main distributors 16:(Redirected from 14150: 14067:Dependencies and 13771:Sovereign states 13757: 13750: 13743: 13734: 13733: 13721:World portal 13719: 13718: 13705: 13704: 13703: 13652:Intercontinental 13472: 13471: 13295:Northern Ireland 13157: 13156: 12683: 12682: 12430: 12429: 12397: 12390: 12383: 12374: 12373: 12350: 12343: 12051:Northern Ireland 11960: 11959: 11947: 11946: 11943: 11942: 11680: 11679: 11593: 11546: 11545: 11404:House of Commons 11372:Local government 11306: 11305: 11302: 11301: 11212:Renewable energy 11197:hydroelectricity 11035: 11034: 11031: 11030: 10867: 10866: 10846: 10839: 10832: 10823: 10822: 10809: 10808: 10799: 10798: 10758:Co-operatives UK 10348:Hydroelectricity 10323:Renewable energy 10305: 10304: 10189:Renewable energy 10170: 10118:Renewable energy 9906:Atlantic Gateway 9894: 9893: 9725:Panic of 1796–97 9695: 9694: 9508: 9501: 9494: 9485: 9484: 9378: 9371: 9364: 9355: 9354: 9342: 9341: 9328: 9327: 9086:British New Wave 9034:Southall Studios 8954:Eagle-Lion Films 8826:Pinewood Studios 8816:Passion Pictures 8696: 8695: 8130: 8123: 8116: 8107: 8106: 8070: 8058: 7893:Pre–World War II 7888: 7876: 7830: 7818: 7765: 7695: 7691:Evening Standard 7675: 7669: 7668: 7666: 7664: 7645: 7639: 7638: 7636: 7634: 7615: 7609: 7608: 7606: 7604: 7578: 7572: 7571: 7569: 7567: 7552: 7546: 7533: 7527: 7526: 7524: 7522: 7507: 7501: 7500: 7498: 7496: 7481: 7475: 7458: 7452: 7434: 7428: 7427: 7425: 7423: 7403: 7397: 7396: 7386: 7378: 7372: 7371: 7369: 7367: 7347: 7341: 7328: 7322: 7321: 7319: 7317: 7297: 7291: 7290: 7273: 7267: 7254: 7248: 7247:, 5 August 2010. 7235: 7229: 7228: 7226: 7224: 7215:. 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Archived from 5290: 5272:UK cinema chains 5240:Cinema of Europe 5172:, hosted by the 5164: 5159: 5158: 5157: 5150: 5145: 5144: 5143: 5002:Leicester Square 4974:Screen Education 4958:Stewart Richards 4728:(who had filmed 4308:Christian Colson 4112:responsible for 4110:Andrew Macdonald 4055:Pinewood Studios 3834:National Lottery 3650:Daniel Day-Lewis 3497:Chariots of Fire 3443:Withnail & I 3245:series starring 3234:Live and Let Die 3150:A Bridge Too Far 3129:Alfred Hitchcock 3123:(1971) starring 3090:future Britain. 3084:Malcolm McDowell 3082:(1971) starring 2899:and the Italian 2828:and leading man 2807:The war room in 2788:novels, such as 2781:The Ipcress File 2645:Wolfenden report 2599:A Kind of Loving 2593:A Taste of Honey 2582:Laurence Olivier 2545:John Schlesinger 2511:Lindsay Anderson 2495:British New Wave 2173:Sir Wilfred Eady 2050:(1948) starring 1957:Laurence Olivier 1946:This Happy Breed 1937:Two Cities Films 1904:Millions Like Us 1801:Second World War 1708:Scott Sunderland 1690:Pinewood Studios 1677:as its curator. 1652:20th Century Fox 1622:(both 1936) and 1594:(1933), made at 1414:Alfred Hitchcock 1379:Alfred Hitchcock 1266:Alfred Hitchcock 1205:Frank Mottershaw 1203:. Also in 1903, 1074:Hepworth Studios 1007:in Britain were 876:Alfred Hitchcock 817:Daniel Day-Lewis 789:Laurence Olivier 741: 734: 727: 702:Northern Ireland 217: 197: 196: 67: 54:Leicester Square 47: 38: 29: 28: 21: 14158: 14157: 14153: 14152: 14151: 14149: 14148: 14147: 14123: 14122: 14121: 14116: 14115: 14110: 14068: 14062: 14048:Northern Cyprus 14030: 14024: 13945:North Macedonia 13766: 13761: 13731: 13726: 13713: 13707:Film portal 13701: 13699: 13690: 13653: 13647: 13610: 13537: 13459: 13406: 13363:North Macedonia 13311: 13228: 13142: 13114: 12999: 12956: 12898: 12736: 12668: 12642: 12596: 12540: 12464: 12419: 12415:National cinema 12406: 12401: 12371: 12366: 12353: 12346: 12339: 12318: 12231: 12132: 12045: 11954: 11933: 11838: 11794:Public holidays 11774:Life expectancy 11665: 11627: 11607:London Exchange 11603:Stock exchanges 11591: 11590:Pound sterling 11558:Bank of England 11527: 11518:Royal Air Force 11494: 11435: 11367:Law enforcement 11283: 11192:hydraulic frac. 11153: 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April 3936:The Crying Game 3815: 3801:Kenneth Branagh 3745:Palace Pictures 3741:Stephen Woolley 3725:Peter Greenaway 3612:Menelik Shabazz 3416:Bernard Delfont 3406:George Harrison 3334: 3306:Agatha Christie 3282:Elstree Studios 3222:Steptoe and Son 3074:Stanley Kubrick 3012: 2964:Charles Dickens 2871:Dr. Strangelove 2850:Stanley Kubrick 2810:Dr. Strangelove 2675:swinging London 2654: 2577:The Entertainer 2535:Ford of Britain 2515:Tony Richardson 2476: 2462:Christopher Lee 2406:Christopher Lee 2391:The Ladykillers 2375:Too Many Crooks 2369:The Naked Truth 2350:Carry On series 2346:Leslie Phillips 2294:Brothers in Law 2257:The Dam Busters 2079:Black Narcissus 2025:Brief Encounter 2011:Black Narcissus 1995: 1993:Post-war cinema 1978:The Wicked Lady 1972:The Man in Grey 1898:We Dive at Dawn 1862:Crown Film Unit 1810: 1803: 1675:Ernest Lindgren 1586:Alexander Korda 1570:Alexander Korda 1553:Jessie Matthews 1457:Gaumont-British 1394: 1365:Charlie Chaplin 1323:C. Aubrey Smith 1286:Sherlock Holmes 1244:Ludwig Blattner 1240:Elstree Studios 1224:was founded in 1132:was founded by 1105:Walter R. Booth 1076:was founded in 1064:, constructing 994:Charlie Chaplin 972:Louis Le Prince 964: 927: 888:Charlie Chaplin 864:Alexander Korda 829:Anthony Hopkins 745: 716: 645: 603: 561: 519: 477: 435: 393: 351: 309: 267: 207: 204: 109: 105: 101: 97: 93: 60: 33: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 14156: 14146: 14145: 14140: 14135: 14118: 14117: 14112: 14111: 14109: 14108: 14103: 14098: 14093: 14088: 14083: 14078: 14072: 14070: 14069:other entities 14064: 14063: 14061: 14060: 14055: 14050: 14045: 14040: 14034: 14032: 14026: 14025: 14023: 14022: 14020:United Kingdom 14017: 14012: 14007: 14002: 13997: 13992: 13987: 13982: 13977: 13972: 13967: 13962: 13957: 13952: 13947: 13942: 13937: 13932: 13927: 13922: 13917: 13912: 13907: 13902: 13897: 13892: 13887: 13885: 13880: 13875: 13870: 13865: 13860: 13855: 13850: 13845: 13840: 13835: 13833:Czech Republic 13830: 13825: 13820: 13815: 13810: 13805: 13800: 13795: 13790: 13785: 13780: 13774: 13772: 13768: 13767: 13760: 13759: 13752: 13745: 13737: 13728: 13727: 13725: 13724: 13710: 13695: 13692: 13691: 13689: 13688: 13683: 13678: 13676:Kurdish cinema 13673: 13668: 13666:Balochi cinema 13663: 13657: 13655: 13649: 13648: 13646: 13645: 13640: 13635: 13630: 13624: 13622: 13616: 13615: 13612: 13611: 13609: 13608: 13603: 13598: 13593: 13583: 13578: 13573: 13568: 13563: 13558: 13553: 13547: 13545: 13539: 13538: 13536: 13535: 13534: 13533: 13523: 13518: 13513: 13508: 13503: 13498: 13493: 13492: 13491: 13480: 13478: 13469: 13465: 13464: 13461: 13460: 13458: 13457: 13452: 13447: 13442: 13441: 13440: 13430: 13425: 13420: 13414: 13412: 13408: 13407: 13405: 13404: 13403: 13402: 13397: 13387: 13382: 13381: 13380: 13370: 13365: 13360: 13355: 13350: 13345: 13340: 13335: 13330: 13325: 13319: 13317: 13313: 13312: 13310: 13309: 13308: 13307: 13302: 13297: 13290:United Kingdom 13287: 13282: 13277: 13272: 13267: 13262: 13257: 13252: 13247: 13242: 13236: 13234: 13230: 13229: 13227: 13226: 13221: 13216: 13215: 13214: 13209: 13207:Russian Empire 13199: 13194: 13189: 13184: 13179: 13177:Czech Republic 13174: 13169: 13163: 13161: 13154: 13148: 13147: 13144: 13143: 13141: 13140: 13139: 13138: 13133: 13131:Russian Empire 13122: 13120: 13116: 13115: 13113: 13112: 13107: 13102: 13097: 13092: 13087: 13082: 13077: 13072: 13067: 13062: 13057: 13056: 13055: 13045: 13040: 13035: 13030: 13025: 13020: 13015: 13009: 13007: 13001: 13000: 12998: 12997: 12992: 12987: 12982: 12977: 12972: 12966: 12964: 12958: 12957: 12955: 12954: 12949: 12944: 12939: 12934: 12929: 12924: 12919: 12914: 12908: 12906: 12900: 12899: 12897: 12896: 12891: 12890: 12889: 12879: 12874: 12873: 12872: 12867: 12862: 12857: 12852: 12847: 12842: 12837: 12832: 12827: 12822: 12817: 12812: 12807: 12802: 12797: 12792: 12787: 12782: 12777: 12772: 12767: 12757: 12752: 12746: 12744: 12738: 12737: 12735: 12734: 12729: 12724: 12723: 12722: 12717: 12707: 12702: 12697: 12691: 12689: 12680: 12674: 12673: 12670: 12669: 12667: 12666: 12661: 12656: 12650: 12648: 12644: 12643: 12641: 12640: 12635: 12630: 12625: 12620: 12615: 12610: 12604: 12602: 12598: 12597: 12595: 12594: 12589: 12584: 12579: 12574: 12569: 12564: 12559: 12554: 12548: 12546: 12542: 12541: 12539: 12538: 12533: 12528: 12523: 12518: 12513: 12508: 12503: 12498: 12493: 12488: 12483: 12478: 12472: 12470: 12466: 12465: 12463: 12462: 12457: 12452: 12447: 12442: 12436: 12434: 12427: 12421: 12420: 12418: 12417: 12411: 12408: 12407: 12400: 12399: 12392: 12385: 12377: 12368: 12367: 12365: 12364: 12359: 12352: 12351: 12344: 12336: 12335: 12332: 12331: 12328: 12327: 12324: 12323: 12320: 12319: 12317: 12316: 12311: 12306: 12301: 12296: 12291: 12290: 12289: 12279: 12274: 12273: 12272: 12270:First Minister 12267: 12262: 12252: 12247: 12241: 12239: 12233: 12232: 12230: 12229: 12224: 12219: 12214: 12209: 12204: 12199: 12198: 12197: 12187: 12182: 12181: 12180: 12178:First Minister 12175: 12170: 12160: 12155: 12154: 12153: 12142: 12140: 12134: 12133: 12131: 12130: 12125: 12120: 12115: 12110: 12105: 12104: 12103: 12093: 12088: 12087: 12086: 12081: 12076: 12066: 12061: 12055: 12053: 12047: 12046: 12044: 12043: 12038: 12033: 12028: 12023: 12018: 12013: 12012: 12011: 12001: 11996: 11991: 11986: 11985: 11984: 11979: 11968: 11966: 11956: 11955: 11939: 11938: 11935: 11934: 11932: 11931: 11926: 11921: 11916: 11911: 11906: 11901: 11896: 11891: 11886: 11881: 11876: 11875: 11874: 11864: 11859: 11854: 11848: 11846: 11840: 11839: 11837: 11836: 11831: 11826: 11821: 11816: 11811: 11806: 11801: 11796: 11791: 11786: 11781: 11776: 11771: 11766: 11761: 11756: 11751: 11746: 11745: 11744: 11739: 11729: 11724: 11719: 11714: 11709: 11704: 11699: 11694: 11689: 11683: 11677: 11671: 11670: 11667: 11666: 11664: 11663: 11661:Rail transport 11658: 11653: 11648: 11643: 11637: 11635: 11629: 11628: 11626: 11625: 11620: 11615: 11610: 11600: 11595: 11587: 11582: 11577: 11572: 11567: 11562: 11561: 11560: 11549: 11543: 11537: 11536: 11533: 11532: 11529: 11528: 11526: 11525: 11520: 11515: 11510: 11504: 11502: 11496: 11495: 11493: 11492: 11491: 11490: 11483:Prime Minister 11480: 11479: 11478: 11468: 11463: 11458: 11457: 11456: 11445: 11443: 11437: 11436: 11434: 11433: 11431:Shadow Cabinet 11428: 11423: 11418: 11413: 11412: 11411: 11409:House of Lords 11406: 11396: 11391: 11390: 11389: 11384: 11374: 11369: 11364: 11359: 11354: 11353: 11352: 11342: 11337: 11336: 11335: 11325: 11320: 11315: 11309: 11299: 11293: 11292: 11289: 11288: 11285: 11284: 11282: 11281: 11280: 11279: 11274: 11266: 11265: 11264: 11259: 11251: 11246: 11245: 11244: 11239: 11234: 11226: 11225: 11224: 11219: 11214: 11209: 11204: 11199: 11194: 11189: 11184: 11179: 11169: 11163: 11161: 11155: 11154: 11152: 11151: 11146: 11141: 11136: 11131: 11126: 11121: 11120: 11119: 11109: 11108: 11107: 11102: 11091: 11089: 11083: 11082: 11080: 11079: 11074: 11069: 11064: 11059: 11054: 11049: 11043: 11041: 11039:Administrative 11028: 11022: 11021: 11018: 11017: 11015: 11014: 11009: 11004: 10999: 10994: 10989: 10984: 10983: 10982: 10972: 10967: 10961: 10959: 10955: 10954: 10952: 10951: 10950: 10949: 10944: 10936: 10935: 10934: 10929: 10921: 10920: 10919: 10914: 10906: 10901: 10896: 10891: 10886: 10881: 10875: 10873: 10864: 10858: 10857: 10855: articles 10853:United Kingdom 10849: 10848: 10841: 10834: 10826: 10817: 10816: 10814: 10813: 10803: 10792: 10789: 10788: 10786: 10785: 10780: 10775: 10770: 10765: 10760: 10755: 10750: 10745: 10740: 10734: 10732: 10724: 10723: 10720: 10719: 10717: 10716: 10715: 10714: 10713: 10712: 10707: 10697: 10687: 10682: 10677: 10676: 10675: 10670: 10660: 10659: 10658: 10653: 10648: 10643: 10635: 10634: 10633: 10628: 10623: 10618: 10608: 10606:Legal services 10603: 10598: 10597: 10596: 10591: 10586: 10581: 10576: 10571: 10560: 10559: 10558: 10547: 10545: 10541: 10540: 10538: 10537: 10536: 10535: 10525: 10520: 10515: 10510: 10505: 10504: 10503: 10493: 10488: 10486:Euronext.liffe 10483: 10478: 10473: 10472: 10471: 10466: 10456: 10450: 10448: 10440: 10439: 10437: 10436: 10435: 10434: 10429: 10421: 10420: 10419: 10418: 10417: 10412: 10407: 10399: 10398: 10397: 10392: 10387: 10372: 10371: 10370: 10365: 10360: 10355: 10350: 10345: 10340: 10335: 10330: 10315: 10313: 10302: 10298: 10297: 10295: 10294: 10289: 10288: 10287: 10277: 10272: 10271: 10270: 10265: 10260: 10250: 10249: 10248: 10238: 10233: 10231:Businesspeople 10228: 10222: 10220: 10214: 10213: 10210: 10209: 10207: 10206: 10201: 10196: 10191: 10186: 10181: 10176: 10171: 10158: 10152: 10150: 10144: 10143: 10141: 10140: 10135: 10130: 10125: 10120: 10115: 10110: 10105: 10100: 10095: 10090: 10085: 10079: 10077: 10071: 10070: 10068: 10067: 10062: 10056: 10054: 10046: 10045: 10043: 10042: 10037: 10032: 10027: 10025:Thames Gateway 10022: 10017: 10012: 10007: 10002: 9997: 9992: 9987: 9986: 9985: 9980: 9970: 9965: 9960: 9955: 9950: 9945: 9940: 9935: 9930: 9925: 9920: 9919: 9918: 9908: 9902: 9900: 9891: 9883: 9882: 9879: 9878: 9876: 9875: 9870: 9865: 9860: 9855: 9850: 9845: 9840: 9834: 9832: 9828: 9827: 9825: 9824: 9819: 9818: 9817: 9807: 9797: 9792: 9787: 9782: 9777: 9772: 9767: 9762: 9757: 9752: 9747: 9742: 9737: 9732: 9727: 9722: 9717: 9712: 9707: 9701: 9699: 9692: 9686: 9685: 9683: 9682: 9677: 9672: 9667: 9666: 9665: 9660: 9653:Pound sterling 9650: 9645: 9644: 9643: 9638: 9628: 9623: 9618: 9613: 9608: 9603: 9598: 9593: 9592: 9591: 9586: 9575: 9573: 9565: 9564: 9562: 9561: 9556: 9551: 9546: 9544:FTSE 250 Index 9541: 9539:FTSE 100 Index 9536: 9531: 9525: 9523: 9519: 9518: 9511: 9510: 9503: 9496: 9488: 9479: 9478: 9476: 9475: 9472: 9467: 9462: 9457: 9452: 9447: 9442: 9437: 9432: 9427: 9421: 9419: 9415: 9414: 9412: 9411: 9406: 9401: 9395: 9393: 9389: 9388: 9381: 9380: 9373: 9366: 9358: 9352: 9349: 9348: 9336: 9335: 9333: 9332: 9321: 9318: 9317: 9315: 9314: 9309: 9304: 9302:London in film 9299: 9292: 9287: 9280: 9275: 9270: 9263: 9258: 9253: 9248: 9241: 9236: 9231: 9225: 9223: 9219: 9218: 9216: 9215: 9210: 9204: 9202: 9198: 9197: 9195: 9194: 9189: 9184: 9179: 9174: 9169: 9164: 9159: 9154: 9149: 9144: 9139: 9134: 9128: 9126: 9122: 9121: 9119: 9118: 9113: 9108: 9103: 9098: 9093: 9088: 9082: 9080: 9074: 9073: 9070: 9069: 9067: 9066: 9061: 9056: 9051: 9046: 9041: 9039:Stoll Pictures 9036: 9031: 9026: 9021: 9016: 9011: 9006: 9001: 8996: 8991: 8986: 8981: 8976: 8971: 8966: 8961: 8956: 8951: 8946: 8941: 8936: 8931: 8926: 8921: 8916: 8911: 8906: 8901: 8895: 8893: 8889: 8888: 8886: 8885: 8880: 8875: 8870: 8865: 8860: 8858:Thin Man Films 8855: 8850: 8845: 8840: 8835: 8834: 8833: 8828: 8821:Pinewood Group 8818: 8813: 8808: 8806:Number 9 Films 8803: 8798: 8793: 8788: 8783: 8778: 8773: 8771:HandMade Films 8768: 8763: 8758: 8753: 8748: 8743: 8738: 8736:Ealing Studios 8733: 8728: 8723: 8718: 8713: 8708: 8702: 8700: 8693: 8684: 8683: 8681: 8680: 8675: 8670: 8665: 8660: 8655: 8650: 8645: 8640: 8635: 8630: 8625: 8620: 8615: 8610: 8605: 8600: 8595: 8590: 8585: 8580: 8575: 8570: 8565: 8560: 8555: 8550: 8545: 8540: 8535: 8530: 8525: 8520: 8515: 8510: 8505: 8500: 8495: 8490: 8485: 8480: 8475: 8470: 8465: 8460: 8455: 8450: 8445: 8440: 8435: 8430: 8425: 8420: 8415: 8410: 8405: 8400: 8395: 8390: 8385: 8380: 8375: 8370: 8365: 8360: 8355: 8350: 8345: 8340: 8335: 8330: 8325: 8320: 8315: 8310: 8305: 8300: 8295: 8290: 8285: 8280: 8275: 8270: 8265: 8260: 8255: 8250: 8245: 8240: 8235: 8230: 8225: 8220: 8215: 8210: 8205: 8200: 8195: 8190: 8185: 8180: 8175: 8170: 8165: 8160: 8155: 8149: 8147: 8141: 8140: 8133: 8132: 8125: 8118: 8110: 8104: 8103: 8098: 8093: 8088: 8083: 8076: 8075:External links 8073: 8072: 8071: 8065: 8048: 8039: 8031: 8030: 8026: 8025: 8018: 8011: 8003: 8002: 7998: 7997: 7987: 7980: 7973: 7966: 7958: 7957: 7953: 7952: 7945: 7938: 7931: 7923: 7922: 7918: 7917: 7910: 7903: 7895: 7894: 7890: 7889: 7883: 7866: 7859: 7852: 7845: 7838: 7831: 7825: 7808: 7801: 7794: 7787: 7780: 7773: 7766: 7760: 7747: 7740: 7733: 7726: 7719: 7708: 7707: 7702: 7699: 7697: 7696: 7677:Nick Roddick, 7670: 7640: 7610: 7573: 7547: 7528: 7502: 7476: 7453: 7429: 7398: 7373: 7342: 7323: 7292: 7268: 7266:, 29 July 2010 7249: 7230: 7198: 7174: 7148: 7118: 7088: 7057: 7027: 6997: 6988: 6975: 6966: 6934: 6911: 6885: 6865: 6832: 6806: 6780: 6763: 6744: 6722: 6702: 6682: 6669:Carl Daniels, 6662: 6635: 6598: 6574: 6548: 6539: 6505: 6464: 6451: 6442: 6429: 6403: 6388:Stephen Bourne 6380: 6360: 6340: 6331: 6322: 6291: 6284: 6264: 6257: 6237: 6230: 6210: 6195: 6169: 6149: 6142: 6120: 6090: 6059: 6053:978-0859892964 6052: 6034: 6011: 5980: 5949: 5918: 5888: 5851: 5821: 5788: 5776: 5754: 5728: 5702: 5676: 5650: 5620: 5594: 5568: 5542: 5516: 5490: 5479:on 14 May 2011 5464: 5433: 5393: 5367: 5341: 5315: 5281: 5279: 5276: 5275: 5274: 5269: 5264: 5259: 5254: 5252:London in film 5249: 5244: 5243: 5242: 5232: 5227: 5222: 5217: 5212: 5206: 5201: 5196: 5191: 5186: 5181: 5178:Academy Awards 5166: 5165: 5151: 5135: 5132: 5078:visual effects 5034:Gerry Anderson 4993: 4990: 4966:Academy Awards 4923:Central Bazaar 4903:Kevin Brownlow 4883:Terence Davies 4855: 4852: 4824: 4821: 4771:Academy Awards 4747:Michael Winner 4739:George Osborne 4726:Clint Eastwood 4677: 4674: 4522:28 Weeks Later 4477:Alfonso Cuarón 4395:respectively. 4359:Mischief Night 4188:Phyllida Lloyd 4147: 4144: 4139:My Name Is Joe 3996:costume dramas 3960:Merchant Ivory 3850:Richard Curtis 3814: 3811: 3786:Educating Rita 3770:Gregory's Girl 3715:Terence Davies 3700:Hope and Glory 3677:Stephen Frears 3666:Rupert Everett 3642:Hanif Kureishi 3525:Merchant Ivory 3517:'s final film 3456:(1988), while 3414:, after EMI's 3384:HandMade Films 3333: 3330: 3191:Hercule Poirot 3173:The Wicker Man 3168:The Wicker Man 3110:Don't Look Now 3096:The Go-Between 3044:Donald Cammell 3019:Glenda Jackson 3011: 3008: 2978:Wednesday Play 2903:respectively. 2897:Roman Polanski 2846:Richard Lester 2653: 2650: 2628:Pool of London 2572:Richard Burton 2558:Harry Saltzman 2499:social realist 2475: 2474:Social realism 2472: 2380:Ealing Studios 2358:black comedies 2171:, named after 1994: 1991: 1864:, part of the 1828:central London 1804: 1802: 1799: 1782:New York Times 1682:J. Arthur Rank 1613:Things to Come 1604:The Prudential 1600:United Artists 1493:Starting with 1410:Herbert Wilcox 1393: 1390: 1358:Michael Powell 1181:Cecil Hepworth 1130:Ealing Studios 1094:William Haggar 1082:Cecil Hepworth 1009:Robert W. Paul 976:celluloid film 963: 960: 949:Cecil Hepworth 926: 923: 919:Academy Awards 913:hosted by the 769:Audrey Hepburn 761:Michael Powell 747: 746: 744: 743: 736: 729: 721: 718: 717: 715: 714: 709: 704: 698: 695: 694: 688: 687: 669: 668: 662: 661: 627: 626: 620: 619: 585: 584: 578: 577: 543: 542: 536: 535: 501: 500: 494: 493: 459: 458: 452: 451: 417: 416: 410: 409: 375: 374: 368: 367: 333: 332: 326: 325: 291: 290: 284: 283: 249: 248: 242: 241: 233: 232: 230:British horror 226: 225: 219: 218: 210: 209: 206:United Kingdom 205: 193: 192: 189: 188:National films 185: 184: 181: 177: 176: 172: 171: 168: 164: 163: 160: 156: 155: 151: 150: 147: 143: 142: 139: 135: 134: 131: 127: 126: 123: 119: 118: 114: 113: 88: 84: 83: 80: 76: 75: 72: 62: 61: 48: 40: 39: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 14155: 14144: 14141: 14139: 14136: 14134: 14131: 14130: 14128: 14107: 14104: 14102: 14099: 14097: 14094: 14092: 14089: 14087: 14084: 14082: 14081:Faroe Islands 14079: 14077: 14074: 14073: 14071: 14065: 14059: 14056: 14054: 14053:South Ossetia 14051: 14049: 14046: 14044: 14041: 14039: 14036: 14035: 14033: 14027: 14021: 14018: 14016: 14013: 14011: 14008: 14006: 14003: 14001: 13998: 13996: 13993: 13991: 13988: 13986: 13983: 13981: 13978: 13976: 13973: 13971: 13968: 13966: 13963: 13961: 13958: 13956: 13953: 13951: 13948: 13946: 13943: 13941: 13938: 13936: 13933: 13931: 13928: 13926: 13923: 13921: 13918: 13916: 13913: 13911: 13908: 13906: 13905:Liechtenstein 13903: 13901: 13898: 13896: 13893: 13891: 13888: 13886: 13884: 13881: 13879: 13876: 13874: 13871: 13869: 13866: 13864: 13861: 13859: 13856: 13854: 13851: 13849: 13846: 13844: 13841: 13839: 13836: 13834: 13831: 13829: 13826: 13824: 13821: 13819: 13816: 13814: 13811: 13809: 13806: 13804: 13801: 13799: 13796: 13794: 13791: 13789: 13786: 13784: 13781: 13779: 13776: 13775: 13773: 13769: 13765: 13758: 13753: 13751: 13746: 13744: 13739: 13738: 13735: 13723: 13722: 13717: 13711: 13709: 13708: 13697: 13696: 13693: 13687: 13684: 13682: 13681:Latin America 13679: 13677: 13674: 13672: 13669: 13667: 13664: 13662: 13659: 13658: 13656: 13650: 13644: 13641: 13639: 13636: 13634: 13631: 13629: 13626: 13625: 13623: 13621: 13617: 13607: 13604: 13602: 13599: 13597: 13594: 13591: 13587: 13584: 13582: 13579: 13577: 13574: 13572: 13569: 13567: 13564: 13562: 13559: 13557: 13554: 13552: 13549: 13548: 13546: 13544: 13540: 13532: 13529: 13528: 13527: 13526:United States 13524: 13522: 13519: 13517: 13514: 13512: 13509: 13507: 13504: 13502: 13499: 13497: 13494: 13490: 13487: 13486: 13485: 13482: 13481: 13479: 13477: 13473: 13470: 13466: 13456: 13453: 13451: 13448: 13446: 13443: 13439: 13436: 13435: 13434: 13431: 13429: 13426: 13424: 13421: 13419: 13416: 13415: 13413: 13409: 13401: 13398: 13396: 13393: 13392: 13391: 13388: 13386: 13383: 13379: 13376: 13375: 13374: 13371: 13369: 13366: 13364: 13361: 13359: 13356: 13354: 13351: 13349: 13346: 13344: 13341: 13339: 13336: 13334: 13331: 13329: 13326: 13324: 13321: 13320: 13318: 13314: 13306: 13303: 13301: 13298: 13296: 13293: 13292: 13291: 13288: 13286: 13283: 13281: 13278: 13276: 13273: 13271: 13268: 13266: 13263: 13261: 13258: 13256: 13253: 13251: 13250:Faroe Islands 13248: 13246: 13243: 13241: 13238: 13237: 13235: 13231: 13225: 13222: 13220: 13217: 13213: 13210: 13208: 13205: 13204: 13203: 13200: 13198: 13195: 13193: 13190: 13188: 13185: 13183: 13180: 13178: 13175: 13173: 13170: 13168: 13165: 13164: 13162: 13158: 13155: 13153: 13149: 13137: 13134: 13132: 13129: 13128: 13127: 13124: 13123: 13121: 13117: 13111: 13108: 13106: 13103: 13101: 13098: 13096: 13093: 13091: 13088: 13086: 13083: 13081: 13078: 13076: 13073: 13071: 13068: 13066: 13063: 13061: 13058: 13054: 13051: 13050: 13049: 13046: 13044: 13041: 13039: 13036: 13034: 13031: 13029: 13026: 13024: 13021: 13019: 13016: 13014: 13011: 13010: 13008: 13006: 13002: 12996: 12993: 12991: 12988: 12986: 12983: 12981: 12978: 12976: 12973: 12971: 12968: 12967: 12965: 12963: 12959: 12953: 12950: 12948: 12945: 12943: 12940: 12938: 12935: 12933: 12930: 12928: 12925: 12923: 12920: 12918: 12915: 12913: 12910: 12909: 12907: 12905: 12901: 12895: 12892: 12888: 12885: 12884: 12883: 12880: 12878: 12875: 12871: 12868: 12866: 12863: 12861: 12858: 12856: 12853: 12851: 12848: 12846: 12843: 12841: 12838: 12836: 12833: 12831: 12828: 12826: 12823: 12821: 12818: 12816: 12813: 12811: 12808: 12806: 12803: 12801: 12798: 12796: 12793: 12791: 12788: 12786: 12783: 12781: 12780:Chhattisgarhi 12778: 12776: 12773: 12771: 12768: 12766: 12763: 12762: 12761: 12758: 12756: 12753: 12751: 12748: 12747: 12745: 12743: 12739: 12733: 12730: 12728: 12725: 12721: 12718: 12716: 12713: 12712: 12711: 12708: 12706: 12703: 12701: 12698: 12696: 12693: 12692: 12690: 12688: 12684: 12681: 12679: 12675: 12665: 12662: 12660: 12657: 12655: 12652: 12651: 12649: 12645: 12639: 12636: 12634: 12631: 12629: 12626: 12624: 12621: 12619: 12616: 12614: 12611: 12609: 12606: 12605: 12603: 12599: 12593: 12590: 12588: 12585: 12583: 12580: 12578: 12575: 12573: 12570: 12568: 12565: 12563: 12560: 12558: 12555: 12553: 12550: 12549: 12547: 12543: 12537: 12534: 12532: 12529: 12527: 12524: 12522: 12519: 12517: 12514: 12512: 12509: 12507: 12504: 12502: 12499: 12497: 12494: 12492: 12489: 12487: 12484: 12482: 12479: 12477: 12474: 12473: 12471: 12467: 12461: 12458: 12456: 12453: 12451: 12448: 12446: 12443: 12441: 12438: 12437: 12435: 12431: 12428: 12426: 12422: 12416: 12413: 12412: 12409: 12405: 12398: 12393: 12391: 12386: 12384: 12379: 12378: 12375: 12363: 12360: 12358: 12355: 12354: 12349: 12345: 12342: 12338: 12337: 12333: 12315: 12312: 12310: 12307: 12305: 12302: 12300: 12297: 12295: 12292: 12288: 12285: 12284: 12283: 12280: 12278: 12275: 12271: 12268: 12266: 12263: 12261: 12258: 12257: 12256: 12253: 12251: 12248: 12246: 12243: 12242: 12240: 12238: 12234: 12228: 12225: 12223: 12220: 12218: 12215: 12213: 12210: 12208: 12205: 12203: 12200: 12196: 12193: 12192: 12191: 12188: 12186: 12183: 12179: 12176: 12174: 12171: 12169: 12166: 12165: 12164: 12161: 12159: 12156: 12152: 12149: 12148: 12147: 12144: 12143: 12141: 12139: 12135: 12129: 12126: 12124: 12121: 12119: 12116: 12114: 12111: 12109: 12106: 12102: 12099: 12098: 12097: 12094: 12092: 12089: 12085: 12082: 12080: 12077: 12075: 12072: 12071: 12070: 12067: 12065: 12062: 12060: 12057: 12056: 12054: 12052: 12048: 12042: 12039: 12037: 12034: 12032: 12029: 12027: 12024: 12022: 12019: 12017: 12014: 12010: 12007: 12006: 12005: 12002: 12000: 11997: 11995: 11992: 11990: 11987: 11983: 11980: 11978: 11975: 11974: 11973: 11970: 11969: 11967: 11965: 11961: 11957: 11953: 11948: 11944: 11940: 11930: 11927: 11925: 11922: 11920: 11917: 11915: 11912: 11910: 11907: 11905: 11902: 11900: 11897: 11895: 11892: 11890: 11887: 11885: 11882: 11880: 11877: 11873: 11870: 11869: 11868: 11865: 11863: 11860: 11858: 11855: 11853: 11850: 11849: 11847: 11845: 11841: 11835: 11834:Welfare state 11832: 11830: 11827: 11825: 11822: 11820: 11817: 11815: 11812: 11810: 11807: 11805: 11802: 11800: 11797: 11795: 11792: 11790: 11787: 11785: 11782: 11780: 11779:Mental health 11777: 11775: 11772: 11770: 11767: 11765: 11762: 11760: 11757: 11755: 11752: 11750: 11747: 11743: 11740: 11738: 11735: 11734: 11733: 11730: 11728: 11725: 11723: 11722:Ethnic groups 11720: 11718: 11715: 11713: 11710: 11708: 11705: 11703: 11700: 11698: 11695: 11693: 11690: 11688: 11685: 11684: 11681: 11678: 11676: 11672: 11662: 11659: 11657: 11654: 11652: 11649: 11647: 11646:Bus transport 11644: 11642: 11641:Air transport 11639: 11638: 11636: 11634: 11630: 11624: 11621: 11619: 11616: 11614: 11611: 11608: 11604: 11601: 11599: 11596: 11594: 11588: 11586: 11585:Manufacturing 11583: 11581: 11578: 11576: 11573: 11571: 11568: 11566: 11563: 11559: 11556: 11555: 11554: 11551: 11550: 11547: 11544: 11542: 11538: 11524: 11521: 11519: 11516: 11514: 11511: 11509: 11506: 11505: 11503: 11501: 11497: 11489: 11486: 11485: 11484: 11481: 11477: 11474: 11473: 11472: 11469: 11467: 11464: 11462: 11461:Civil service 11459: 11455: 11452: 11451: 11450: 11447: 11446: 11444: 11442: 11438: 11432: 11429: 11427: 11424: 11422: 11419: 11417: 11414: 11410: 11407: 11405: 11402: 11401: 11400: 11397: 11395: 11392: 11388: 11387:republicanism 11385: 11383: 11380: 11379: 11378: 11375: 11373: 11370: 11368: 11365: 11363: 11360: 11358: 11355: 11351: 11348: 11347: 11346: 11343: 11341: 11338: 11334: 11331: 11330: 11329: 11326: 11324: 11321: 11319: 11316: 11314: 11311: 11310: 11307: 11303: 11300: 11298: 11294: 11278: 11275: 11273: 11270: 11269: 11267: 11263: 11260: 11258: 11255: 11254: 11252: 11250: 11247: 11243: 11240: 11238: 11235: 11233: 11230: 11229: 11227: 11223: 11220: 11218: 11215: 11213: 11210: 11208: 11207:North Sea oil 11205: 11203: 11200: 11198: 11195: 11193: 11190: 11188: 11185: 11183: 11180: 11178: 11175: 11174: 11173: 11170: 11168: 11165: 11164: 11162: 11160: 11156: 11150: 11147: 11145: 11142: 11140: 11137: 11135: 11132: 11130: 11127: 11125: 11122: 11118: 11115: 11114: 11113: 11110: 11106: 11105:Great Britain 11103: 11101: 11098: 11097: 11096: 11095:British Isles 11093: 11092: 11090: 11088: 11084: 11078: 11075: 11073: 11070: 11068: 11065: 11063: 11060: 11058: 11055: 11053: 11050: 11048: 11045: 11044: 11042: 11040: 11036: 11032: 11029: 11027: 11023: 11013: 11010: 11008: 11005: 11003: 11000: 10998: 10995: 10993: 10990: 10988: 10985: 10981: 10978: 10977: 10976: 10973: 10971: 10968: 10966: 10963: 10962: 10960: 10956: 10948: 10945: 10943: 10940: 10939: 10937: 10933: 10930: 10928: 10925: 10924: 10922: 10918: 10915: 10913: 10910: 10909: 10907: 10905: 10902: 10900: 10897: 10895: 10894:Edwardian era 10892: 10890: 10889:Victorian era 10887: 10885: 10882: 10880: 10877: 10876: 10874: 10872: 10868: 10865: 10863: 10859: 10854: 10847: 10842: 10840: 10835: 10833: 10828: 10827: 10824: 10812: 10804: 10802: 10794: 10793: 10790: 10784: 10781: 10779: 10776: 10774: 10771: 10769: 10766: 10764: 10761: 10759: 10756: 10754: 10751: 10749: 10746: 10744: 10741: 10739: 10736: 10735: 10733: 10731:organisations 10725: 10711: 10708: 10706: 10703: 10702: 10701: 10698: 10696: 10693: 10692: 10691: 10688: 10686: 10683: 10681: 10678: 10674: 10671: 10669: 10666: 10665: 10664: 10661: 10657: 10654: 10652: 10649: 10647: 10644: 10642: 10639: 10638: 10636: 10632: 10629: 10627: 10624: 10622: 10619: 10617: 10614: 10613: 10612: 10611:Manufacturing 10609: 10607: 10604: 10602: 10599: 10595: 10592: 10590: 10587: 10585: 10582: 10580: 10577: 10575: 10572: 10570: 10567: 10566: 10565: 10561: 10557: 10554: 10553: 10552: 10549: 10548: 10546: 10542: 10534: 10531: 10530: 10529: 10526: 10524: 10521: 10519: 10516: 10514: 10511: 10509: 10506: 10502: 10499: 10498: 10497: 10494: 10492: 10489: 10487: 10484: 10482: 10479: 10477: 10474: 10470: 10467: 10465: 10464:List of banks 10462: 10461: 10460: 10457: 10455: 10452: 10451: 10449: 10447: 10441: 10433: 10430: 10428: 10425: 10424: 10422: 10416: 10413: 10411: 10408: 10406: 10403: 10402: 10400: 10396: 10393: 10391: 10388: 10386: 10383: 10382: 10381: 10378: 10377: 10376: 10373: 10369: 10366: 10364: 10361: 10359: 10358:North Sea oil 10356: 10354: 10351: 10349: 10346: 10344: 10341: 10339: 10336: 10334: 10331: 10329: 10326: 10325: 10324: 10320: 10317: 10316: 10314: 10312: 10306: 10303: 10299: 10293: 10290: 10286: 10283: 10282: 10281: 10280:Trades unions 10278: 10276: 10273: 10269: 10266: 10264: 10261: 10259: 10256: 10255: 10254: 10251: 10247: 10244: 10243: 10242: 10239: 10237: 10234: 10232: 10229: 10227: 10224: 10223: 10221: 10215: 10205: 10202: 10200: 10197: 10195: 10192: 10190: 10187: 10185: 10182: 10180: 10177: 10175: 10172: 10168: 10162: 10159: 10157: 10154: 10153: 10151: 10149: 10145: 10139: 10136: 10134: 10131: 10129: 10126: 10124: 10121: 10119: 10116: 10114: 10111: 10109: 10106: 10104: 10101: 10099: 10096: 10094: 10091: 10089: 10086: 10084: 10081: 10080: 10078: 10076: 10072: 10066: 10063: 10061: 10058: 10057: 10055: 10053: 10047: 10041: 10038: 10036: 10033: 10031: 10028: 10026: 10023: 10021: 10018: 10016: 10013: 10011: 10008: 10006: 10003: 10001: 9998: 9996: 9993: 9991: 9988: 9984: 9981: 9979: 9976: 9975: 9974: 9971: 9969: 9966: 9964: 9961: 9959: 9956: 9954: 9951: 9949: 9946: 9944: 9941: 9939: 9936: 9934: 9931: 9929: 9926: 9924: 9921: 9917: 9916:Big City Plan 9914: 9913: 9912: 9909: 9907: 9904: 9903: 9901: 9899: 9895: 9892: 9884: 9874: 9871: 9869: 9868:Privatisation 9866: 9864: 9861: 9859: 9856: 9854: 9851: 9849: 9848:Gold standard 9846: 9844: 9841: 9839: 9836: 9835: 9833: 9829: 9823: 9820: 9816: 9813: 9812: 9811: 9808: 9805: 9801: 9798: 9796: 9793: 9791: 9788: 9786: 9783: 9781: 9778: 9776: 9775:1986 Big Bang 9773: 9771: 9768: 9766: 9763: 9761: 9758: 9756: 9753: 9751: 9748: 9746: 9743: 9741: 9738: 9736: 9733: 9731: 9728: 9726: 9723: 9721: 9718: 9716: 9713: 9711: 9708: 9706: 9703: 9702: 9700: 9698:Chronological 9696: 9693: 9691: 9687: 9681: 9678: 9676: 9673: 9671: 9668: 9664: 9661: 9659: 9656: 9655: 9654: 9651: 9649: 9646: 9642: 9639: 9637: 9634: 9633: 9632: 9629: 9627: 9624: 9622: 9619: 9617: 9614: 9612: 9609: 9607: 9604: 9602: 9599: 9597: 9594: 9590: 9587: 9585: 9582: 9581: 9580: 9577: 9576: 9574: 9566: 9560: 9557: 9555: 9552: 9550: 9547: 9545: 9542: 9540: 9537: 9535: 9532: 9530: 9529:Co-operatives 9527: 9526: 9524: 9520: 9516: 9509: 9504: 9502: 9497: 9495: 9490: 9489: 9486: 9473: 9471: 9468: 9466: 9463: 9461: 9458: 9456: 9453: 9451: 9448: 9446: 9443: 9441: 9438: 9436: 9433: 9431: 9428: 9426: 9423: 9422: 9420: 9416: 9410: 9407: 9405: 9402: 9400: 9397: 9396: 9394: 9390: 9386: 9379: 9374: 9372: 9367: 9365: 9360: 9359: 9356: 9350: 9343: 9331: 9323: 9322: 9319: 9313: 9310: 9308: 9305: 9303: 9300: 9298: 9297: 9293: 9291: 9288: 9286: 9285: 9281: 9279: 9276: 9274: 9271: 9269: 9268: 9264: 9262: 9259: 9257: 9254: 9252: 9249: 9247: 9246: 9242: 9240: 9237: 9235: 9232: 9230: 9227: 9226: 9224: 9220: 9214: 9211: 9209: 9206: 9205: 9203: 9199: 9193: 9190: 9188: 9185: 9183: 9180: 9178: 9175: 9173: 9170: 9168: 9165: 9163: 9160: 9158: 9155: 9153: 9152:BFI Southbank 9150: 9148: 9145: 9143: 9140: 9138: 9135: 9133: 9130: 9129: 9127: 9125:Organisations 9123: 9117: 9114: 9112: 9109: 9107: 9104: 9102: 9099: 9097: 9094: 9092: 9089: 9087: 9084: 9083: 9081: 9075: 9065: 9062: 9060: 9057: 9055: 9054:Warwick Films 9052: 9050: 9047: 9045: 9044:Tempean Films 9042: 9040: 9037: 9035: 9032: 9030: 9027: 9025: 9022: 9020: 9017: 9015: 9012: 9010: 9007: 9005: 9002: 9000: 8997: 8995: 8992: 8990: 8987: 8985: 8982: 8980: 8977: 8975: 8972: 8970: 8967: 8965: 8962: 8960: 8957: 8955: 8952: 8950: 8947: 8945: 8944:The Danzigers 8942: 8940: 8937: 8935: 8932: 8930: 8927: 8925: 8922: 8920: 8917: 8915: 8912: 8910: 8907: 8905: 8902: 8900: 8897: 8896: 8894: 8890: 8884: 8881: 8879: 8876: 8874: 8871: 8869: 8866: 8864: 8863:Vertigo Films 8861: 8859: 8856: 8854: 8851: 8849: 8846: 8844: 8841: 8839: 8836: 8832: 8829: 8827: 8824: 8823: 8822: 8819: 8817: 8814: 8812: 8809: 8807: 8804: 8802: 8799: 8797: 8794: 8792: 8789: 8787: 8784: 8782: 8779: 8777: 8774: 8772: 8769: 8767: 8764: 8762: 8759: 8757: 8754: 8752: 8749: 8747: 8744: 8742: 8739: 8737: 8734: 8732: 8729: 8727: 8724: 8722: 8719: 8717: 8714: 8712: 8709: 8707: 8704: 8703: 8701: 8697: 8694: 8692: 8685: 8679: 8676: 8674: 8671: 8669: 8666: 8664: 8661: 8659: 8656: 8654: 8651: 8649: 8646: 8644: 8641: 8639: 8636: 8634: 8631: 8629: 8626: 8624: 8621: 8619: 8616: 8614: 8611: 8609: 8606: 8604: 8601: 8599: 8596: 8594: 8591: 8589: 8586: 8584: 8581: 8579: 8576: 8574: 8571: 8569: 8566: 8564: 8561: 8559: 8556: 8554: 8551: 8549: 8546: 8544: 8541: 8539: 8536: 8534: 8531: 8529: 8526: 8524: 8521: 8519: 8516: 8514: 8511: 8509: 8506: 8504: 8501: 8499: 8496: 8494: 8491: 8489: 8486: 8484: 8481: 8479: 8476: 8474: 8471: 8469: 8466: 8464: 8461: 8459: 8456: 8454: 8451: 8449: 8446: 8444: 8441: 8439: 8436: 8434: 8431: 8429: 8426: 8424: 8421: 8419: 8416: 8414: 8411: 8409: 8406: 8404: 8401: 8399: 8396: 8394: 8391: 8389: 8386: 8384: 8381: 8379: 8376: 8374: 8371: 8369: 8366: 8364: 8361: 8359: 8356: 8354: 8351: 8349: 8346: 8344: 8341: 8339: 8336: 8334: 8331: 8329: 8326: 8324: 8321: 8319: 8316: 8314: 8311: 8309: 8306: 8304: 8301: 8299: 8296: 8294: 8291: 8289: 8286: 8284: 8281: 8279: 8276: 8274: 8271: 8269: 8266: 8264: 8261: 8259: 8256: 8254: 8251: 8249: 8246: 8244: 8241: 8239: 8236: 8234: 8231: 8229: 8226: 8224: 8221: 8219: 8216: 8214: 8211: 8209: 8206: 8204: 8201: 8199: 8196: 8194: 8191: 8189: 8186: 8184: 8181: 8179: 8176: 8174: 8171: 8169: 8166: 8164: 8161: 8159: 8156: 8154: 8151: 8150: 8148: 8146: 8145:Films by year 8142: 8138: 8131: 8126: 8124: 8119: 8117: 8112: 8111: 8108: 8102: 8099: 8097: 8094: 8092: 8089: 8087: 8084: 8082: 8079: 8078: 8068: 8062: 8057: 8056: 8049: 8047: 8043: 8040: 8038:. London: BFI 8037: 8033: 8032: 8028: 8027: 8024:. London: BFI 8023: 8019: 8016: 8012: 8009: 8005: 8004: 8000: 7999: 7996: 7992: 7988: 7986:. London: BFI 7985: 7981: 7978: 7974: 7971: 7967: 7964: 7960: 7959: 7955: 7954: 7950: 7946: 7943: 7939: 7936: 7932: 7929: 7925: 7924: 7920: 7919: 7915: 7911: 7908: 7904: 7901: 7897: 7896: 7892: 7891: 7886: 7880: 7875: 7874: 7867: 7864: 7860: 7857: 7853: 7850: 7846: 7844:. London: BFI 7843: 7839: 7836: 7832: 7828: 7826:0-413-77301-9 7822: 7817: 7816: 7809: 7806: 7802: 7799: 7795: 7793:. London: BFI 7792: 7788: 7785: 7781: 7778: 7774: 7771: 7767: 7763: 7757: 7753: 7748: 7745: 7741: 7738: 7734: 7731: 7727: 7724: 7720: 7718: 7714: 7710: 7709: 7705: 7704: 7693: 7692: 7687: 7683: 7680: 7674: 7658: 7654: 7650: 7644: 7628: 7624: 7620: 7614: 7598: 7594: 7590: 7589: 7584: 7577: 7561: 7557: 7551: 7544: 7540: 7537: 7532: 7516: 7512: 7506: 7490: 7486: 7480: 7473: 7470: 7466: 7463: 7457: 7450: 7446: 7442: 7439: 7433: 7417: 7413: 7409: 7402: 7394: 7390: 7389:The Telegraph 7385: 7377: 7361: 7357: 7353: 7346: 7339: 7335: 7332: 7327: 7311: 7307: 7303: 7296: 7288: 7284: 7283: 7278: 7272: 7265: 7261: 7258: 7253: 7246: 7242: 7239: 7234: 7218: 7214: 7213: 7208: 7202: 7195: 7191: 7187: 7184: 7178: 7162: 7158: 7152: 7136: 7132: 7128: 7122: 7106: 7102: 7098: 7092: 7076: 7072: 7068: 7067:"Match Point" 7061: 7045: 7041: 7037: 7031: 7015: 7011: 7007: 7001: 6992: 6985: 6979: 6970: 6963: 6962: 6957: 6953: 6950: 6946: 6945: 6938: 6931: 6927: 6923: 6920: 6915: 6899: 6895: 6889: 6882: 6878: 6875: 6869: 6853: 6849: 6848: 6843: 6836: 6820: 6816: 6810: 6794: 6790: 6784: 6777:. p. 19. 6776: 6775: 6767: 6760: 6756: 6753: 6748: 6741: 6737: 6736: 6732: 6731:David Thomson 6726: 6719: 6715: 6712: 6709:Mark Duguid, 6706: 6699: 6695: 6692: 6686: 6679: 6675: 6672: 6666: 6659: 6655: 6651: 6648: 6642: 6640: 6623: 6619: 6615: 6614: 6609: 6602: 6594: 6590: 6589: 6584: 6578: 6562: 6558: 6552: 6543: 6527: 6523: 6519: 6512: 6510: 6490: 6486: 6479: 6473: 6471: 6469: 6461: 6455: 6446: 6439: 6436:Sarah Street 6433: 6417: 6413: 6407: 6400: 6396: 6393: 6389: 6384: 6377: 6373: 6370: 6364: 6357: 6353: 6350: 6347:Mark Duguid, 6344: 6335: 6326: 6310: 6306: 6302: 6295: 6287: 6285:9780810880269 6281: 6277: 6276: 6268: 6260: 6254: 6251:. Routledge. 6250: 6249: 6241: 6233: 6227: 6223: 6222: 6214: 6206: 6199: 6183: 6179: 6173: 6165: 6164: 6156: 6154: 6145: 6139: 6135: 6131: 6124: 6108: 6104: 6100: 6094: 6078: 6074: 6070: 6063: 6055: 6049: 6045: 6038: 6031: 6027: 6023: 6020: 6015: 5999: 5995: 5991: 5984: 5968: 5964: 5960: 5953: 5937: 5933: 5929: 5922: 5906: 5902: 5898: 5892: 5884: 5880: 5876: 5872: 5868: 5864: 5863: 5855: 5839: 5835: 5831: 5825: 5809: 5805: 5801: 5795: 5793: 5785: 5780: 5764: 5758: 5742: 5738: 5732: 5716: 5712: 5706: 5690: 5686: 5680: 5664: 5660: 5654: 5638: 5634: 5630: 5624: 5608: 5604: 5598: 5582: 5578: 5572: 5556: 5552: 5546: 5530: 5526: 5520: 5504: 5500: 5494: 5478: 5474: 5468: 5452: 5448: 5442: 5440: 5438: 5418: 5414: 5410: 5403: 5397: 5381: 5377: 5371: 5355: 5351: 5345: 5329: 5325: 5319: 5303: 5299: 5295: 5289: 5287: 5282: 5273: 5270: 5268: 5265: 5263: 5260: 5258: 5255: 5253: 5250: 5248: 5245: 5241: 5238: 5237: 5236: 5233: 5231: 5228: 5226: 5223: 5221: 5218: 5216: 5213: 5210: 5207: 5205: 5202: 5200: 5197: 5195: 5192: 5190: 5187: 5185: 5182: 5179: 5175: 5171: 5168: 5167: 5163: 5152: 5149: 5138: 5131: 5129: 5125: 5121: 5117: 5116: 5109: 5107: 5103: 5102: 5097: 5096: 5091: 5087: 5083: 5079: 5075: 5070: 5068: 5064: 5063: 5058: 5054: 5053: 5048: 5047: 5041: 5039: 5035: 5031: 5030: 5025: 5024: 5019: 5018: 5013: 5012: 5003: 4998: 4989: 4986: 4982: 4977: 4975: 4971: 4967: 4963: 4959: 4955: 4951: 4947: 4943: 4942: 4936: 4934: 4930: 4929: 4924: 4920: 4916: 4912: 4908: 4904: 4900: 4896: 4892: 4888: 4884: 4880: 4876: 4872: 4864: 4860: 4851: 4849: 4844: 4840: 4838: 4834: 4830: 4820: 4816: 4813: 4812:David Cameron 4808: 4806: 4802: 4798: 4794: 4790: 4782: 4778: 4774: 4772: 4768: 4767: 4761: 4760: 4754: 4752: 4748: 4743: 4740: 4737: 4733: 4732: 4727: 4723: 4719: 4718:Daniel Barber 4715: 4714:Timothy Spall 4711: 4707: 4703: 4699: 4695: 4686: 4682: 4673: 4670: 4665: 4663: 4659: 4654: 4652: 4647: 4645: 4644: 4639: 4638: 4633: 4632: 4627: 4626: 4621: 4620: 4615: 4614: 4609: 4608: 4603: 4602: 4597: 4596: 4591: 4590: 4589:Batman Begins 4585: 4584: 4579: 4578: 4573: 4569: 4565: 4560: 4558: 4557: 4556:Casino Royale 4552: 4548: 4544: 4543: 4538: 4534: 4533: 4528: 4527:John le Carré 4524: 4523: 4518: 4514: 4510: 4509: 4504: 4500: 4499: 4494: 4490: 4489: 4484: 4483: 4478: 4474: 4473: 4468: 4463: 4461: 4460: 4455: 4454: 4449: 4448: 4443: 4442: 4437: 4436: 4431: 4430: 4425: 4421: 4417: 4413: 4412: 4407: 4406: 4401: 4396: 4394: 4393: 4392:28 Days Later 4388: 4387: 4382: 4381:Naomie Harris 4378: 4374: 4373: 4368: 4367: 4362: 4360: 4355: 4353: 4348: 4347: 4342: 4341: 4336: 4335: 4329: 4327: 4323: 4319: 4318: 4313: 4312:Simon Beaufoy 4309: 4306:), producer ( 4305: 4301: 4300: 4295: 4294: 4289: 4285: 4284: 4278: 4277: 4272: 4271: 4266: 4265: 4264:In This World 4260: 4253: 4249: 4245: 4241: 4239: 4238: 4233: 4232: 4227: 4222: 4220: 4219: 4214: 4213: 4208: 4204: 4203: 4197: 4195: 4194: 4189: 4185: 4184: 4183:Love Actually 4179: 4178: 4173: 4172: 4163: 4161: 4156: 4152: 4143: 4141: 4140: 4135: 4134: 4129: 4128: 4123: 4122: 4121:Trainspotting 4117: 4116: 4115:Shallow Grave 4111: 4107: 4103: 4098: 4096: 4092: 4091: 4086: 4085: 4080: 4079: 4078:Life Is Sweet 4074: 4070: 4068: 4067:Hertfordshire 4064: 4060: 4056: 4052: 4051: 4046: 4041: 4039: 4038: 4033: 4032: 4027: 4026: 4021: 4020: 4015: 4014: 4009: 4008: 4003: 4002: 3997: 3993: 3992: 3987: 3983: 3982: 3977: 3973: 3972: 3967: 3966: 3961: 3956: 3954: 3953: 3948: 3947: 3943:period drama 3942: 3938: 3937: 3932: 3928: 3927: 3922: 3921: 3916: 3915: 3910: 3909: 3904: 3903: 3897: 3895: 3891: 3890: 3885: 3884: 3879: 3878: 3873: 3872: 3867: 3866: 3865:Sliding Doors 3861: 3857: 3856: 3851: 3847: 3843: 3838: 3835: 3827: 3823: 3819: 3810: 3808: 3807: 3802: 3798: 3797: 3792: 3788: 3787: 3782: 3781:Lewis Gilbert 3778: 3777: 3772: 3771: 3766: 3762: 3761: 3756: 3755: 3750: 3746: 3742: 3738: 3737: 3732: 3731: 3726: 3723:, 1988), and 3722: 3721: 3716: 3712: 3711: 3706: 3702: 3701: 3696: 3692: 3691: 3686: 3682: 3678: 3673: 3671: 3667: 3663: 3659: 3655: 3651: 3647: 3643: 3639: 3638: 3633: 3629: 3628: 3623: 3622:Po-Chih Leong 3619: 3618: 3613: 3609: 3608: 3603: 3599: 3598:Asian British 3595: 3594:Black British 3591: 3590: 3585: 3581: 3580: 3575: 3570: 3568: 3567: 3562: 3558: 3557: 3552: 3548: 3547: 3542: 3541: 3536: 3535: 3530: 3529:E. M. Forster 3526: 3522: 3521: 3516: 3511: 3509: 3508: 3503: 3502:Colin Welland 3499: 3498: 3493: 3489: 3485: 3481: 3476: 3475:David Puttnam 3471: 3469: 3466:(1984), from 3465: 3464: 3459: 3458:Michael Palin 3455: 3454: 3449: 3445: 3444: 3439: 3438: 3433: 3432: 3427: 3426:Terry Gilliam 3423: 3422: 3417: 3413: 3412: 3407: 3399: 3398:Terry Gilliam 3395: 3391: 3389: 3385: 3381: 3376: 3374: 3373:Milton Keynes 3370: 3366: 3362: 3357: 3355: 3351: 3342: 3338: 3329: 3327: 3323: 3319: 3318: 3313: 3312: 3307: 3303: 3299: 3298: 3293: 3289: 3288: 3283: 3279: 3278: 3272: 3270: 3269: 3264: 3263: 3258: 3254: 3253: 3248: 3247:Robin Askwith 3244: 3241:included the 3240: 3236: 3235: 3230: 3229: 3224: 3223: 3218: 3217: 3211: 3209: 3208: 3198: 3197: 3192: 3188: 3187:Peter Ustinov 3184: 3180: 3178: 3174: 3170: 3169: 3164: 3160: 3156: 3152: 3151: 3146: 3145: 3144:Young Winston 3140: 3136: 3135: 3130: 3126: 3125:Michael Caine 3122: 3121: 3116: 3112: 3111: 3106: 3102: 3098: 3097: 3091: 3089: 3085: 3081: 3080: 3075: 3071: 3070: 3065: 3064:Sam Peckinpah 3061: 3060: 3055: 3051: 3050: 3045: 3041: 3036: 3034: 3033: 3028: 3020: 3016: 3007: 3005: 3004: 3000: 2999:Peter Watkins 2996: 2995: 2990: 2989: 2984: 2980: 2979: 2973: 2971: 2970: 2965: 2961: 2960: 2955: 2951: 2950:Academy Award 2947: 2946: 2941: 2940: 2935: 2934: 2929: 2928: 2923: 2922: 2917: 2916: 2911: 2910: 2904: 2902: 2898: 2894: 2890: 2889: 2883: 2882:Hertfordshire 2879: 2878: 2873: 2872: 2867: 2866: 2861: 2860: 2855: 2851: 2847: 2843: 2842: 2837: 2836: 2831: 2827: 2826:Harold Pinter 2823: 2816: 2812: 2811: 2805: 2801: 2799: 2798: 2793: 2792: 2787: 2786:John le Carré 2783: 2782: 2777: 2773: 2772:Michael Caine 2769: 2765: 2761: 2760: 2755: 2754: 2749: 2748: 2743: 2740:(1962) was a 2739: 2738: 2733: 2729: 2725: 2720: 2718: 2717: 2716:Women in Love 2712: 2711: 2706: 2705: 2700: 2699: 2695:(both 1965), 2694: 2693: 2688: 2687: 2682: 2681: 2676: 2668: 2667: 2662: 2661:Peter O'Toole 2658: 2649: 2646: 2642: 2641: 2636: 2635: 2630: 2629: 2624: 2623:Michael Relph 2620: 2619:Basil Dearden 2615: 2613: 2612: 2607: 2606: 2601: 2600: 2595: 2594: 2589: 2588: 2583: 2579: 2578: 2573: 2570:(1959), with 2569: 2568: 2563: 2559: 2554: 2553:arts series. 2552: 2551: 2546: 2542: 2541: 2536: 2532: 2531: 2526: 2522: 2521: 2516: 2512: 2508: 2504: 2500: 2496: 2488: 2484: 2480: 2471: 2469: 2468: 2463: 2459: 2458:Peter Cushing 2455: 2454: 2449: 2448: 2443: 2442: 2441:Quatermass II 2437: 2436: 2432: 2429: 2425: 2421: 2413: 2412: 2407: 2403: 2399: 2397: 2393: 2392: 2387: 2386: 2381: 2377: 2376: 2371: 2370: 2365: 2364: 2359: 2355: 2351: 2347: 2343: 2342:Michael Craig 2339: 2335: 2334: 2328: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2313: 2308: 2307: 2302: 2301: 2296: 2295: 2290: 2289: 2284: 2280: 2279: 2273: 2271: 2270: 2265: 2264: 2259: 2258: 2253: 2252: 2251:The Cruel Sea 2247: 2243: 2239: 2230: 2229: 2224: 2223:Peter Sellers 2221:starred with 2220: 2216: 2212: 2210: 2206: 2202: 2198: 2195:In 1951, the 2193: 2191: 2190:American film 2187: 2183: 2178: 2175:was a tax on 2174: 2170: 2165: 2163: 2158: 2156: 2155:Marshall Plan 2152: 2148: 2144: 2140: 2137:levied a 75% 2136: 2132: 2127: 2125: 2124: 2123:Dead of Night 2119: 2115: 2114: 2109: 2108: 2103: 2102: 2101:Whisky Galore 2097: 2093: 2092: 2087: 2086: 2085:The Red Shoes 2081: 2080: 2075: 2074: 2069: 2068: 2067:The Third Man 2063: 2062: 2058:'s thrillers 2057: 2053: 2049: 2048: 2043: 2039: 2038: 2033: 2032: 2027: 2026: 2021: 2013: 2012: 2007: 2003: 1999: 1990: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1979: 1974: 1973: 1968: 1964: 1963: 1958: 1954: 1953: 1952:Blithe Spirit 1948: 1947: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1932: 1931: 1926: 1925: 1920: 1916: 1912: 1911: 1910:The Way Ahead 1906: 1905: 1900: 1899: 1894: 1893: 1887: 1885: 1884: 1879: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1855: 1854: 1849: 1845: 1841: 1840: 1835: 1831: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1816: 1812:Published in 1808: 1798: 1796: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1783: 1778: 1777: 1772: 1771: 1766: 1765: 1760: 1759: 1753: 1751: 1750: 1744: 1742: 1741: 1736: 1732: 1723: 1722: 1717: 1713: 1712:Leslie Howard 1709: 1705: 1701: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1678: 1676: 1672: 1668: 1665:In 1933, the 1663: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1649: 1648: 1643: 1642: 1637: 1636: 1631: 1627: 1626: 1621: 1620: 1615: 1614: 1609: 1605: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1592: 1587: 1584: 1581: 1578:, founded by 1577: 1568: 1564: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1550: 1549:Gracie Fields 1546: 1545:George Formby 1542: 1538: 1534: 1532: 1528: 1524: 1520: 1519: 1514: 1510: 1509:GPO Film Unit 1506: 1502: 1501: 1496: 1495:John Grierson 1491: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1472: 1470: 1469:Oscar Deutsch 1467:, founded by 1466: 1465:Odeon Cinemas 1462: 1458: 1453: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1430:Edgar Wallace 1427: 1426: 1421: 1420: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1386: 1385: 1380: 1376: 1372: 1370: 1366: 1361: 1359: 1354: 1350: 1349:Slump of 1924 1344: 1342: 1341: 1336: 1335: 1330: 1329: 1324: 1320: 1319: 1314: 1310: 1309:Adrian Brunel 1306: 1305:Leslie Howard 1302: 1301:Minerva Films 1295:Leslie Howard 1293: 1289: 1288:film series. 1287: 1283: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1258: 1256: 1251: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1236: 1234: 1233:Maurice Elvey 1229: 1227: 1223: 1220:In 1911, the 1218: 1216: 1215: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1201: 1196: 1195:Lewis Carroll 1192: 1191: 1186: 1182: 1177: 1175: 1167: 1166: 1160: 1156: 1154: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1137: 1135: 1131: 1126: 1124: 1123: 1118: 1117: 1112: 1111: 1106: 1101: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1054: 1052: 1048: 1042: 1040: 1036: 1035:Charles Urban 1032: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1019: 1014: 1010: 1006: 1003: 995: 991: 987: 985: 981: 978:were made in 977: 973: 969: 955: 947: 939: 931: 922: 920: 916: 912: 909:. The annual 908: 904: 899: 895: 893: 889: 885: 881: 877: 873: 869: 865: 861: 856: 854: 853: 848: 847: 842: 838: 834: 833:Peter O’Toole 830: 826: 825:Emma Thompson 822: 818: 814: 813:Julie Andrews 810: 806: 802: 798: 794: 793:Michael Caine 790: 786: 782: 778: 774: 770: 766: 762: 758: 754: 742: 737: 735: 730: 728: 723: 722: 720: 719: 713: 710: 708: 705: 703: 700: 699: 697: 696: 693: 690: 689: 686: 683: 680: 677: 674: 671: 670: 667: 664: 663: 660: 657: 654: 651: 648: 644: 641: 638: 635: 632: 629: 628: 625: 622: 621: 618: 615: 612: 609: 606: 602: 599: 596: 593: 590: 587: 586: 583: 580: 579: 576: 573: 570: 567: 564: 560: 557: 554: 551: 548: 545: 544: 541: 538: 537: 534: 531: 528: 525: 522: 518: 515: 512: 509: 506: 503: 502: 499: 496: 495: 492: 489: 486: 483: 480: 476: 473: 470: 467: 464: 461: 460: 457: 454: 453: 450: 447: 444: 441: 438: 434: 431: 428: 425: 422: 419: 418: 415: 412: 411: 408: 405: 402: 399: 396: 392: 389: 386: 383: 380: 377: 376: 373: 370: 369: 366: 363: 360: 357: 354: 350: 347: 344: 341: 338: 335: 334: 331: 328: 327: 324: 321: 318: 315: 312: 308: 305: 302: 299: 296: 293: 292: 289: 286: 285: 282: 279: 276: 273: 270: 266: 263: 260: 257: 254: 251: 250: 247: 244: 243: 240: 239: 235: 234: 231: 228: 227: 224: 221: 220: 216: 212: 211: 208: 203: 202:Cinema of the 199: 198: 190: 186: 182: 178: 173: 169: 165: 161: 157: 152: 148: 144: 140: 136: 132: 128: 124: 120: 115: 112: 108: 104: 100: 96: 92: 89: 85: 81: 77: 73: 71: 63: 59: 55: 51: 46: 41: 37: 30: 27: 19: 14058:Transnistria 14019: 13712: 13698: 13686:Soviet Union 13438:German Turks 13289: 13212:Soviet Union 13136:Soviet Union 13090:Saudi Arabia 12990:Turkmenistan 12904:Southeastern 12664:South Africa 12557:Burkina Faso 12404:World cinema 12212:Homelessness 12026:Homelessness 11861: 11809:Social class 11789:Prostitution 11732:Homelessness 11513:British Army 11345:Human rights 11333:By-elections 11313:Constitution 10884:Georgian era 10680:Supermarkets 10646:Construction 10641:Architecture 10568: 10476:Canary Wharf 10309:Resource and 10292:Unemployment 10263:Minimum wage 10226:Billionaires 10123:Silicon Glen 9995:M11 Corridor 9450:Picturehouse 9384: 9296:Look at Life 9294: 9282: 9267:Harry Potter 9265: 9243: 9029:Rock Studios 8974:Gate Studios 8848:Syncopy Inc. 8791:London Films 8776:Heyday Films 8136: 8054: 8045: 8042:Miller, Toby 8035: 8021: 8014: 8007: 7990: 7983: 7976: 7969: 7962: 7948: 7941: 7934: 7927: 7921:World War II 7913: 7906: 7899: 7872: 7862: 7855: 7848: 7841: 7834: 7814: 7804: 7797: 7790: 7783: 7776: 7769: 7751: 7743: 7739:. London BFI 7736: 7729: 7722: 7712: 7689: 7673: 7661:. Retrieved 7657:the original 7652: 7643: 7631:. Retrieved 7627:the original 7622: 7613: 7601:. Retrieved 7586: 7576: 7564:. Retrieved 7550: 7531: 7519:. Retrieved 7505: 7493:. Retrieved 7479: 7472:Screen Daily 7471: 7456: 7449:The Guardian 7448: 7432: 7420:. Retrieved 7411: 7401: 7388: 7376: 7364:. Retrieved 7356:The Guardian 7355: 7345: 7326: 7314:. Retrieved 7306:The Guardian 7305: 7295: 7287:the original 7280: 7271: 7252: 7233: 7221:. Retrieved 7217:the original 7210: 7201: 7194:The Guardian 7193: 7177: 7165:. Retrieved 7160: 7151: 7139:. Retrieved 7131:The Guardian 7130: 7121: 7109:. Retrieved 7100: 7091: 7079:. Retrieved 7071:The Guardian 7070: 7060: 7048:. Retrieved 7039: 7030: 7018:. Retrieved 7009: 7000: 6991: 6983: 6978: 6969: 6959: 6942: 6937: 6930:The Guardian 6929: 6914: 6902:. Retrieved 6888: 6868: 6856:. Retrieved 6847:The Guardian 6845: 6835: 6823:. Retrieved 6819:the original 6809: 6797:. Retrieved 6783: 6772: 6766: 6747: 6739: 6733: 6725: 6705: 6685: 6665: 6657: 6626:. Retrieved 6613:Screenonline 6611: 6601: 6586: 6577: 6565:. Retrieved 6551: 6542: 6530:. Retrieved 6521: 6496:. Retrieved 6459: 6454: 6445: 6437: 6432: 6420:. Retrieved 6406: 6383: 6363: 6343: 6334: 6325: 6313:. Retrieved 6304: 6294: 6274: 6267: 6247: 6240: 6220: 6213: 6204: 6198: 6186:. Retrieved 6172: 6161: 6129: 6123: 6111:. Retrieved 6102: 6093: 6081:. Retrieved 6073:Open Culture 6072: 6062: 6043: 6037: 6014: 6002:. Retrieved 5993: 5983: 5971:. Retrieved 5962: 5952: 5940:. Retrieved 5931: 5921: 5911:28 September 5909:. Retrieved 5900: 5891: 5866: 5860: 5854: 5842:. Retrieved 5838:the original 5834:Local Heroes 5833: 5824: 5812:. Retrieved 5803: 5779: 5767:. Retrieved 5757: 5745:. Retrieved 5741:the original 5731: 5719:. Retrieved 5715:the original 5705: 5693:. Retrieved 5679: 5667:. Retrieved 5653: 5641:. Retrieved 5633:The Guardian 5632: 5623: 5611:. Retrieved 5597: 5585:. Retrieved 5571: 5559:. 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Retrieved 5302:the original 5267:World cinema 5204:Cine-variety 5122:live on the 5113: 5110: 5105: 5099: 5093: 5074:digital film 5071: 5067:Harry Potter 5060: 5050: 5046:Time Bandits 5044: 5042: 5027: 5021: 5020:(1979), and 5015: 5009: 5007: 5000:Vue cinema, 4985:Film on Four 4978: 4973: 4954:Ken McMullen 4950:Sally Potter 4939: 4937: 4932: 4926: 4922: 4918: 4914: 4910: 4907:Andrew Mollo 4899:Derek Jarman 4897:(1982)) and 4894: 4889:(1978), via 4886: 4879:My Childhood 4878: 4875:Bill Douglas 4868: 4845: 4841: 4826: 4817: 4809: 4801:Ridley Scott 4786: 4764: 4759:The Guardian 4757: 4755: 4744: 4729: 4710:Damian Lewis 4698:James McAvoy 4690: 4666: 4658:Warner Bros. 4655: 4648: 4641: 4635: 4629: 4623: 4617: 4613:Sweeney Todd 4611: 4605: 4599: 4593: 4587: 4581: 4575: 4561: 4554: 4551:Daniel Craig 4540: 4530: 4520: 4506: 4496: 4493:Jane Campion 4486: 4480: 4470: 4464: 4457: 4451: 4445: 4439: 4433: 4427: 4423: 4419: 4409: 4403: 4397: 4390: 4384: 4370: 4364: 4357: 4350: 4344: 4338: 4334:East Is East 4332: 4330: 4315: 4297: 4291: 4281: 4274: 4268: 4262: 4256: 4235: 4229: 4223: 4216: 4215:in 2010 and 4210: 4207:David Heyman 4200: 4198: 4191: 4181: 4175: 4169: 4166: 4160:Harry Potter 4159: 4155:David Heyman 4137: 4131: 4125: 4119: 4113: 4099: 4088: 4082: 4076: 4071: 4048: 4042: 4035: 4029: 4023: 4017: 4011: 4005: 3999: 3989: 3984:(1993), and 3979: 3969: 3963: 3962:productions 3957: 3950: 3944: 3934: 3924: 3918: 3912: 3906: 3900: 3898: 3887: 3881: 3875: 3871:Notting Hill 3869: 3863: 3853: 3839: 3830: 3804: 3794: 3784: 3774: 3768: 3765:Bill Forsyth 3758: 3752: 3734: 3728: 3718: 3708: 3705:Derek Jarman 3698: 3695:John Boorman 3688: 3680: 3674: 3645: 3635: 3625: 3615: 3605: 3602:Franco Rosso 3587: 3577: 3571: 3564: 3554: 3551:Roland Joffé 3544: 3538: 3532: 3518: 3512: 3505: 3495: 3484:Ridley Scott 3472: 3468:Alan Bennett 3461: 3451: 3446:(1987), and 3441: 3435: 3431:Time Bandits 3429: 3419: 3409: 3403: 3377: 3358: 3346: 3315: 3309: 3295: 3285: 3275: 3273: 3266: 3260: 3257:Monty Python 3250: 3242: 3239:sex comedies 3232: 3226: 3220: 3216:On the Buses 3214: 3212: 3205: 3202: 3194: 3172: 3166: 3148: 3142: 3132: 3118: 3108: 3094: 3092: 3077: 3072:(1971), and 3067: 3057: 3047: 3040:Nicolas Roeg 3037: 3030: 3027:Billy Wilder 3024: 3003:The War Game 3001: 2992: 2986: 2976: 2974: 2969:Oliver Twist 2967: 2957: 2943: 2937: 2931: 2925: 2919: 2918:(1963), and 2913: 2907: 2905: 2892: 2886: 2875: 2869: 2863: 2857: 2839: 2833: 2832:, including 2830:Dirk Bogarde 2822:Joseph Losey 2819: 2808: 2795: 2789: 2779: 2776:Harry Palmer 2768:Len Deighton 2757: 2751: 2745: 2735: 2732:Sean Connery 2730:series with 2721: 2714: 2708: 2702: 2696: 2690: 2684: 2678: 2672: 2664: 2638: 2632: 2631:(1950). and 2626: 2617:The team of 2616: 2609: 2603: 2597: 2591: 2585: 2580:(1960) with 2575: 2565: 2562:John Osborne 2560:, dramatist 2555: 2548: 2538: 2528: 2518: 2492: 2465: 2451: 2445: 2439: 2433: 2424:Nigel Kneale 2420:Hammer Films 2417: 2409: 2389: 2383: 2373: 2367: 2361: 2360:, including 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estate 10380:Agriculture 10167:Cardiff Bay 10156:Agriculture 10113:Oil and gas 10088:Agriculture 10015:Silicon Fen 9990:M4 corridor 9983:London Plan 9804:Growth deal 9631:HM Treasury 9601:Company law 9570:governance, 9106:Free Cinema 8909:Astra Films 7995:I.B. Tauris 7717:I.B. Tauris 7436:Ben Child, 7412:Irish Times 7366:11 December 7316:11 December 7167:18 November 7141:18 November 6689:Ann Ogidi, 6593:Archive.org 6567:27 February 6498:14 November 6188:11 December 5814:14 February 5613:11 December 5587:11 December 5561:11 December 5148:Film portal 5098:(2008) and 5069:franchise. 5049:(1981) and 4931:(1975) and 4877:'s Trilogy 4863:London IMAX 4829:Danny Boyle 4805:David Yates 4793:Mike Newell 4702:Emily Blunt 4498:Bright Star 4485:(2004) and 4472:Match Point 4467:Woody Allen 4416:Noel Clarke 4369:(2004) and 4304:Danny Boyle 4231:Chicken Run 4162:film series 4136:(1999) and 4127:Small Faces 4118:(1994) and 4106:Danny Boyle 4097:at Cannes. 4059:Rolls-Royce 4037:Topsy-Turvy 4034:(1998) and 4007:Restoration 3981:Shadowlands 3968:(1992) and 3965:Howards End 3949:(1992) and 3931:Neil Jordan 3923:(1999) and 3886:(1998) and 3868:(1998) and 3848:released a 3799:(1983) and 3796:The Dresser 3791:Peter Yates 3773:(1981) and 3757:(1984) and 3749:Neil Jordan 3743:'s company 3733:(1982) and 3685:Mike Newell 3658:Colin Firth 3654:Gary Oldman 3620:(1981) and 3556:The Mission 3543:(1985) and 3492:Adrian Lyne 3488:Alan Parker 3480:Hugh Hudson 3460:starred in 3448:John Cleese 3434:(1981) and 3365:AMC Cinemas 3324:'s company 3314:(1974) and 3265:(1975) and 3219:(1971) and 3155:horror film 3147:(1972) and 3115:Mike Hodges 3113:(1973) and 3054:Ken Russell 3049:Performance 2991:(1967) and 2936:(1966) and 2891:(1965) and 2874:(1963) and 2862:(1964) and 2854:The Beatles 2838:(1963) and 2835:The Servant 2794:(1965) and 2759:Thunderball 2742:sleeper hit 2704:Georgy Girl 2602:(1962) and 2525:Free Cinema 2507:Karel Reisz 2487:Free Cinema 2483:Karel Reisz 2467:Peeping Tom 2450:(1957) and 2438:(1955) and 2388:(1951) and 2372:(1957) and 2354:Mario Zampi 2266:(1955) and 2143:Hugh Dalton 2135:HM Treasury 2118:portmanteau 2082:(1947) and 2064:(1947) and 2061:Odd Man Out 2042:Ken Annakin 2034:(1946) and 1987:James Mason 1975:(1943) and 1949:(1944) and 1941:Noël Coward 1927:(1943) and 1915:The Archers 1907:(1943) and 1787:Magna Carta 1776:Picturegoer 1767:(1935) and 1735:MGM-British 1638:(1938) and 1537:Music halls 1531:W. H. Auden 1513:documentary 1461:ABC Cinemas 1446:Borehamwood 1321:, starring 1313:A. A. Milne 1149:Kinemacolor 1134:Will Barker 1070:West London 1047:Shakespeare 821:Gary Oldman 162:170,600,000 146:Documentary 133:213 (74.7%) 95:StudioCanal 14127:Categories 13975:San Marino 13935:Montenegro 13915:Luxembourg 13895:Kazakhstan 13798:Azerbaijan 13661:Arab World 13496:Costa Rica 13445:Luxembourg 13378:Yugoslavia 13358:Montenegro 13018:Azerbaijan 12995:Uzbekistan 12985:Tajikistan 12980:Kyrgyzstan 12975:Kazakhstan 12850:Rajasthani 12750:Bangladesh 12562:Cape Verde 12496:Madagascar 12265:Government 12173:Government 12168:Parliament 11884:Literature 11764:Innovation 11697:Demography 11592:(currency) 11441:Government 11399:Parliament 11323:Devolution 11318:Corruption 11253:Materials 11187:geothermal 10871:Chronology 10710:High-speed 10705:Inter-city 10621:Automotive 10601:Healthcare 10589:Television 10579:Newspapers 10423:Materials 10338:Geothermal 10311:production 10253:Labour law 10236:Demography 10219:and labour 10000:Manchester 9911:Birmingham 9843:Free trade 9572:regulation 9312:Telecinema 9284:James Bond 9251:Censorship 9229:Box office 9077:Genres and 8959:Eros Films 8873:Warp Films 8756:Framestore 7993:. London: 7715:. London: 7603:1 December 7588:Yahoo News 6904:15 January 6799:15 January 5942:18 October 5721:22 October 5695:25 January 5669:25 January 5643:2 November 5535:25 January 5509:25 January 5483:2 November 5334:5 November 5278:References 5086:Tim Webber 5082:Framestore 5057:James Bond 4946:art cinema 4911:Winstanley 4885:' Trilogy 4854:Art cinema 4685:Idris Elba 4625:Robin Hood 4568:Shepperton 4453:Blue Story 4441:The Intent 4429:Bullet Boy 4420:Kidulthood 4405:Kidulthood 4386:Underworld 4377:Robbie Gee 4372:Four Lions 4326:Tom Hooper 4288:Joe Wright 4270:Vera Drake 4193:Mamma Mia! 4133:Ratcatcher 4102:John Hodge 4095:Palme d'Or 4073:Mike Leigh 4045:James Bond 4019:Mrs. Brown 3860:Hugh Grant 3822:Hugh Grant 3776:Local Hero 3574:Horace Ové 3561:Palme d'Or 3540:Revolution 3531:, such as 3515:David Lean 3302:Shepperton 3300:(1979) at 3290:(1978) at 3280:(1977) at 3207:Up Pompeii 3120:Get Carter 3101:Palme d'Or 3069:Straw Dogs 3059:The Devils 2753:Goldfinger 2728:James Bond 2605:Billy Liar 2238:John Mills 2205:South Bank 2177:box office 2129:Under the 2056:Carol Reed 2044:'s comedy 2020:David Lean 1870:Paul Rotha 1527:Harry Watt 1518:Night Mail 1488:Joan Barry 1480:Anny Ondra 1315:including 1185:Percy Stow 1119:. Booth's 1049:plays and 1013:Birt Acres 892:Cary Grant 852:James Bond 809:Judi Dench 765:Carol Reed 757:David Lean 692:By Country 149:66 (23.2%) 52:statue in 14086:Gibraltar 13910:Lithuania 13628:Australia 13606:Venezuela 13551:Argentina 13395:Catalonia 13275:Lithuania 13080:Palestine 12942:Singapore 12922:Indonesia 12894:Sri Lanka 12887:Lollywood 12825:Malayalam 12700:Hong Kong 12501:Mauritius 12294:Education 12250:Geography 12202:Education 12158:Geography 12108:Education 12079:Executive 12064:Geography 12016:Education 11989:Geography 11769:Languages 11707:Education 11633:Transport 11471:Ministers 11357:Judiciary 11328:Elections 11268:Wildlife 11177:biodiesel 11159:Resources 11149:Volcanoes 11139:Mountains 11124:Coastline 11026:Geography 10980:1814–1919 10942:political 10927:political 10879:Formation 10727:Trade and 10690:Transport 10637:Property 10616:Aerospace 10551:Education 10496:Insurance 10444:Financial 10328:Biodiesel 10204:Transport 10133:Transport 10093:Edinburgh 10065:Transport 10040:Wiltshire 10035:Transport 10010:Sheffield 9968:Liverpool 9831:Recurrent 9658:Banknotes 9568:Currency, 9522:Companies 9470:The Light 9399:Cineworld 9261:Eady Levy 9213:Directors 9079:movements 8853:S4C Films 8726:DNA Films 7566:23 August 7422:23 August 6825:3 January 6774:The Times 6729:See also 6163:The Times 5883:0036-9543 5844:14 August 5062:Gladiator 4981:Channel 4 4887:Childhood 4837:pop music 4731:Hereafter 4643:War Horse 4601:United 93 4572:Leavesden 4519:directed 4424:Adulthood 4411:Adulthood 4322:George VI 4293:Atonement 4276:The Queen 4226:Nick Park 4205:in 2001. 4063:Leavesden 4050:GoldenEye 3926:The Mummy 3883:Elizabeth 3760:Mona Lisa 3713:, 1987), 3670:Brit Pack 3648:features 3632:Channel 4 3627:Ping Pong 3380:Goldcrest 3369:The Point 3354:Channel 4 3350:Eady Levy 3348:the 1957 3322:Lew Grade 3277:Star Wars 3088:dystopian 2983:Ken Loach 2915:Tom Jones 2888:Repulsion 2652:The 1960s 2523:and the " 2278:Genevieve 2169:Eady Levy 2145:then the 1848:the Blitz 1844:Harry Wat 1815:The Times 1795:Hollywood 1721:Pygmalion 1680:In 1934, 1619:Rembrandt 1580:Hungarian 1484:Blackmail 1436:at their 1419:Blackmail 1369:Hollywood 1340:Bookworms 1328:Twice Two 1282:Fu Manchu 1250:in 1930. 1238:In 1914, 1209:Sheffield 1187:directed 1179:In 1903, 1128:In 1902, 1107:in 1901, 1090:Yorkshire 1086:Bamforths 1056:In 1898, 1027:Blackburn 996:, c. 1918 872:Goldcrest 860:Hollywood 238:1888–1919 130:Fictional 14106:Svalbard 14091:Guernsey 14038:Abkhazia 13990:Slovenia 13985:Slovakia 13960:Portugal 13818:Bulgaria 13596:Suriname 13581:Paraguay 13571:Colombia 13468:Americas 13385:Slovenia 13368:Portugal 13316:Southern 13300:Scotland 13233:Northern 13219:Slovakia 13172:Bulgaria 13119:Northern 12947:Thailand 12932:Malaysia 12917:Cambodia 12882:Pakistan 12855:Sanskrit 12815:Kashmiri 12800:Haryanvi 12795:Gujarati 12775:Bhojpuri 12765:Assamese 12742:Southern 12727:Mongolia 12654:Botswana 12647:Southern 12628:Congo DR 12613:Cameroon 12536:Zimbabwe 12521:Tanzania 12486:Ethiopia 12476:Djibouti 12433:Northern 12357:Category 12309:Religion 12255:Politics 12222:Religion 12163:Politics 12151:timeline 12138:Scotland 12123:Religion 12074:Assembly 12069:Politics 12036:Religion 11994:Politics 11982:timeline 11899:Religion 11879:Identity 11742:Scotland 11687:Cannabis 11613:Taxation 11500:Military 11382:monarchs 11377:Monarchy 11297:Politics 11257:forestry 11237:Scottish 11228:Fishing 11087:Physical 11007:Taxation 11002:Military 10992:Maritime 10965:Economic 10958:By topic 10923:Postwar 10917:military 10912:civilian 10904:Interwar 10801:Category 10729:business 10695:Aviation 10668:Internet 10574:Gambling 10481:The City 10446:services 10427:Forestry 10410:Scottish 10401:Fishing 10343:Fracking 10275:Pensions 10083:Aberdeen 10075:Scotland 10050:Northern 10020:Somerset 9928:Cornwall 9888:regions, 9886:Nations, 9670:Taxation 9465:Showcase 9445:Omniplex 9430:Everyman 9330:Category 9245:Carry On 8711:BBC Film 8153:Pre-1920 8044:. 2000. 7956:Post-War 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5124:Internet 5120:streamed 5080:company 5059:series, 5014:(1978), 5011:Superman 4983:and its 4964:and the 4928:Pressure 4925:(1973), 4917:(1975), 4722:Ian Holm 4564:Pinewood 4450:(2018), 4438:(2006), 4432:(2004), 4349:(1997), 4142:(1998). 4130:(1996), 4081:(1991), 4040:(1999). 4028:(1998), 4022:(1997), 4016:(1996), 4010:(1995), 4004:(1995), 3974:(1993), 3955:(1997). 3917:(1998), 3911:(1996), 3905:(1994), 3880:(1997), 3809:(1989). 3789:(1983), 3779:(1983), 3739:(1989). 3693:(1985). 3662:Tim Roth 3610:(1980), 3579:Pressure 3292:Pinewood 3287:Superman 3210:(1971). 3062:(1971), 2988:Poor Cow 2945:Accident 2933:Khartoum 2930:(1964), 2912:(1962), 2841:Accident 2815:Ken Adam 2800:(1966). 2764:spy film 2634:Sapphire 2520:Sequence 2378:(1958). 2366:(1951), 2319:thought 2297:(1957), 2272:(1956). 2260:(1954), 2254:(1953), 2104:(1948), 2076:(1946), 2040:(1948), 1933:(1944). 1901:(1943), 1895:(1942), 1886:(1942), 1761:(1934), 1743:(1939). 1635:The Drum 1557:Will Hay 1500:Drifters 1400:founded 1371:-based. 1318:The Bump 1264:, where 1145:Bradford 1053:novels. 707:Scotland 141:5 (1.8%) 138:Animated 14015:Ukraine 13965:Romania 13925:Moldova 13883:Ireland 13878:Iceland 13873:Hungary 13863:Germany 13858:Georgia 13848:Finland 13843:Estonia 13838:Denmark 13823:Croatia 13808:Belgium 13803:Belarus 13793:Austria 13788:Armenia 13783:Andorra 13778:Albania 13620:Oceania 13601:Uruguay 13590:Iquitos 13576:Ecuador 13556:Bolivia 13516:Jamaica 13433:Germany 13423:Belgium 13418:Austria 13411:Western 13400:Galicia 13333:Croatia 13323:Albania 13265:Ireland 13260:Iceland 13255:Finland 13245:Estonia 13240:Denmark 13224:Ukraine 13197:Romania 13187:Moldova 13182:Hungary 13167:Belarus 13160:Eastern 13070:Lebanon 13033:Georgia 13023:Bahrain 13013:Armenia 13005:Western 12962:Central 12952:Vietnam 12845:Punjabi 12835:Marathi 12820:Konkani 12810:Kannada 12785:Deccani 12770:Bengali 12687:Eastern 12659:Namibia 12601:Central 12587:Senegal 12582:Nigeria 12572:Liberia 12545:Western 12506:Somalia 12481:Eritrea 12469:Eastern 12460:Tunisia 12455:Morocco 12440:Algeria 12341:Outline 12314:Symbols 12304:Culture 12287:tourism 12282:Economy 12245:History 12227:Symbols 12217:Culture 12195:tourism 12190:Economy 12146:History 12128:Symbols 12118:Culture 12101:tourism 12096:Economy 12059:History 12041:Symbols 12031:Culture 12009:tourism 12004:Economy 11972:History 11964:England 11914:Theatre 11909:Symbols 11867:Cuisine 11844:Culture 11814:Suicide 11784:Poverty 11749:Housing 11737:England 11675:Society 11651:Driving 11623:Tourism 11541:Economy 11449:Cabinet 11249:Hunting 11232:English 11129:Geology 11112:Climate 10862:History 10811:Commons 10778:Make UK 10685:Tourism 10651:Housing 10631:Exports 10594:Theatre 10459:Banking 10405:English 10301:Sectors 10246:Poverty 10199:Tourism 10194:Swansea 10179:History 10174:Fishing 10161:Cardiff 10128:Tourism 10108:History 10103:Fishing 10060:Belfast 10052:Ireland 10030:Tourism 10005:Reading 9953:Fishing 9933:Croydon 9923:Bristol 9898:England 9690:History 9663:Coinage 8691:studios 7706:General 7663:30 June 7633:30 June 7161:Reuters 7111:29 June 7081:29 June 7050:29 June 7020:29 June 6858:2 April 6588:Variety 6315:17 July 5786:bfi.org 5457:30 June 5106:Gravity 5101:Gravity 5084:, with 4941:Jubilee 4833:theatre 4508:Bronson 4479:helmed 4250:at the 3824:at the 3806:Henry V 3607:Babylon 3586:as was 3450:'s hit 3400:in 1985 3343:in 1983 3308:novels 3103:at the 3021:in 1971 2959:Oliver! 2686:Darling 2550:Monitor 2453:Dracula 2411:Dracula 2325:bounder 2182:subsidy 2047:Miranda 1962:Henry V 1442:Elstree 1078:Lambeth 1051:Dickens 925:History 70:screens 14101:Jersey 14043:Kosovo 14010:Turkey 14000:Sweden 13980:Serbia 13970:Russia 13955:Poland 13950:Norway 13930:Monaco 13900:Latvia 13868:Greece 13853:France 13828:Cyprus 13561:Brazil 13521:Mexico 13489:Quebec 13484:Canada 13428:France 13373:Serbia 13348:Kosovo 13338:Greece 13285:Sweden 13280:Norway 13270:Latvia 13202:Russia 13192:Poland 13152:Europe 13126:Russia 13100:Turkey 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2640:Victim 2574:, and 2414:(1958) 2139:tariff 2091:Hamlet 2014:(1947) 1878:Ealing 1856:(with 1850:while 1842:(with 1824:Hitler 1789:, the 1724:(1938) 1632:films 1583:emigre 1387:(1927) 1367:, was 1337:; and 1168:(1903) 1092:, and 1084:, the 1005:camera 763:, and 58:London 14076:Åland 13995:Spain 13920:Malta 13890:Italy 13643:Samoa 13566:Chile 13543:South 13511:Haiti 13476:North 13390:Spain 13353:Malta 13343:Italy 13305:Wales 13110:Yemen 13095:Syria 13085:Qatar 12912:Burma 12877:Nepal 12860:Tamil 12840:Oriya 12805:Hindi 12790:Dogri 12760:India 12720:South 12715:North 12710:Korea 12705:Japan 12695:China 12633:Gabon 12577:Niger 12567:Ghana 12552:Benin 12516:Sudan 12491:Kenya 12450:Libya 12445:Egypt 12348:Index 12237:Wales 11904:Sport 11894:Music 11889:Media 11829:Waste 11692:Crime 11656:Roads 11553:Banks 11277:flora 11272:fauna 11242:Welsh 11217:solar 11072:Towns 10584:Radio 10564:Media 10544:Other 10415:Welsh 10385:Cider 10363:Solar 10148:Wales 9958:Leeds 9938:Devon 9621:Gilts 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