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children in the
American South. The story has been picked up and reprinted many times on internet blogs and websites. There is no known verification or confirmation that the mythology she describes actually exists, but these "secret stories" are clearly based on known elements of street culture, such
526:
Many informal groups of small children will develop some level of superstitious beliefs about their local area. For instance, they may believe that there are certain places that are "unlucky" to step on (e.g.: certain large cracks in a sidewalk) or touch (e.g.: gateposts of a certain color) or pass
450:, as well as being described in countless novels of childhood. The research of Robin Moore stresses children's need for "marginal" unsupervised areas "within running distance" of homes (scrubby bushes and hedges, disused buildings). Two academic journals emerged to discuss this area, the
388:
In summer, children may use scavenged materials to create a temporary and semi-hidden "den" or "hideout" or "HQ" in a marginal area near their homes, which serves as an informal meeting and relaxation place. An urban area that looks faceless or neglected to an adult may have deep
401:
Although children's street activity varies from place to place, research shows that it appears to share many commonalities across many cultures. As a traditional phenomenon it has been closely investigated and documented in the
366:, scrub and wasteland, and to local shops. It can often incorporate many found and scavenged materials such as old car seats, tires, planks, bricks, etc. Sometimes found materials will be combined to create objects (e.g. making
543:", or that an abandoned house is "haunted". But in some extreme circumstances, a consistent myth may emerge among young children, and across a large area. One example dates from 1997; the
285:. Collectively, this body of knowledge is passed down from one generation of urban children to the next, and can also be passed between different groups of children (e.g. in the form of
758:
510:
on society have also been blamed for a decline in children's street-culture, due to safety concerns about children playing outside; between 1922 and 1933, over 12,000 children in
385:, snowballs, sycamore seeds). It also imposes imaginative status on certain sections of the urban realm (local buildings, street objects, road layouts, etc.).
716:
814:
1104:(Editions de La Martinière, France, 2001) (Anthology of French street photography of children; by Ronis, Riboud, Doisneau, Cartier Bresson, and others).
447:
340:
178:
788:
83:
38:
766:
130:
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The child culture from my Queens days, with its own traditions and codas, its particular pleasures and distresses, is virtually extinct.
102:
1156:(BBC Northern Ireland, early 1970s), and the follow-up film showing how the street's child-friendly nature had been destroyed by cars,
289:, but also in intergenerational mixing). It is most common in children between the ages of seven and twelve. It is strongest in urban
358:
Young children's street culture usually takes place on quiet backstreets and sidewalks, and along routes that venture out into local
308:
Children's street culture is invented and largely sustained by children themselves, although it may come to incorporate fragments of
905:
109:
1111:(1964). Hodder & Stoughton, London. (Photography & poetic text on facing pages, re: young British children's street play).
735:
704:
Street-play is a universal cultural phenomenon which will occur even if traffic levels are high and space differentiation is low.
620:
255:
830:
1181:
995:
876:
116:
98:
549:
published Lynda
Edwards' report "Myths Over Miami", which describes a huge consistent mythology spreading among young
933:
690:
230:
212:
190:
149:
52:
44:
1003:. Where Did You Go? Out. What Did You Do? Nothing. (1957) (Memoir focusing on children's pastimes, New York, 1920s)
455:
605:
507:
720:
87:
480:
1186:
532:
123:
1068:
1152:
915:
590:
186:
194:
792:
859:
Children's
Special Places: Exploring the Role of Forts, Dens, and Bush Houses in Middle Childhood
76:
348:
of children playing in the rush of water from a street-cleaning wagon, St. Louis, Missouri, 1914
555:
585:
595:
8:
610:
293:
966:(1986). (In-depth advanced study of three small areas of England, with maps and photos).
868:
The Lore of the
Playground: One hundred years of children's games, rhymes and traditions
554:
as labeling certain places "haunted" or recycling legends of dangerous spirits such as
474:
419:
243:
463:
Children's street-culture has occasionally been central to feature films, such as the
1000:
991:
872:
686:
511:
506:
has raised concerns about the vitality or survival of children's street culture. The
345:
567:
435:
371:
367:
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866:
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559:
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439:
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297:
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815:
How a 1997 New Times
Feature on Homeless Kids' Folklore Exploded the Internet.
381:(sometimes incorporating seasonal elements that are freely collected, such as
1175:
952:
431:
403:
309:
290:
248:
1084:
740:
615:
427:
353:
1027:(1977). (Groundbreaking key book, with a focus on the British experience).
1008:
Mapmaking with
Children: Sense of Place Education for the Elementary Years
1060:
1036:
630:
515:
495:
423:
312:
and toys in its activities. It is not to be confused with the commercial
263:
1020:
685:. Psychology Library Editions: Child Development, Volume 6. Routledge.
640:
635:
503:
443:
363:
325:
313:
1144:
514:
were killed in accidents involving motor vehicles. The designating of
969:
600:
580:
415:
1017:(1978). (English-translation of a 30,000-sample study from Finland).
65:
1089:
In The Street: chalk drawings and messages, New York City 1938-1948
550:
536:
528:
499:
465:
411:
282:
1126:
382:
278:
1035:
entry for "Children's games" recommends: "the following works:
976:(1993) (In-depth study of children's playground lore and life).
321:
268:
540:
359:
850:
Ervin Beck. "Children's Guy Fawkes
Customs in Sheffield",
1137:
378:
329:
286:
1098:(Exhibition, Photographers' Gallery, London; July 2001).
682:
Childhood's Domain: Play and Place in Child
Development
300:" in the streets for long periods without supervision.
259:
Children playing leap frog in a Harlem street, ca. 1930
1091:. (1987) — (Chalkings and children making them)
303:
90:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1173:
1096:Knock Down Ginger: Seventy Years of Street Kids
717:"Spender's Worktown - Images - Children Page 1"
518:("home zones") militates against such decline.
335:
786:
175:The examples and perspective in this article
1115:
759:"The history of play streets - London Play"
733:
521:
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
469:("Little Rascals") series (1922 onwards),
332:, and clothing), although it may overlap.
296:where children are traditionally free to "
934:Learn how and when to remove this message
393:" meanings in children's street culture.
231:Learn how and when to remove this message
213:Learn how and when to remove this message
150:Learn how and when to remove this message
339:
267:Young boys playing on a sidewalk, 2013,
262:
254:
242:
981:The Lore and Language of Schoolchildren
396:
1174:
1168:(NBC and University of Michigan, 2008)
678:
1054:
1043:(2 vols., Nutt, 1894-1898); Gomme's
890:
864:
679:Moore, Robin C. (6 December 2017) .
621:List of traditional children's games
161:
88:adding citations to reliable sources
59:
18:
494:The spread of distractions such as
13:
1041:Traditional Games of Great Britain
964:Childhood's Domain: Play and Place
886:
304:Difference from mass media culture
16:Children's behavior on the streets
14:
1198:
1065:Street Photographs of Roger Mayne
1051:(Harper Bros., New York, 1884)."
791:. Miami New Times. Archived from
452:Journal of Children's Geographies
34:This article has multiple issues.
895:
831:Twenty Years of Myths Over Miami
558:. The article was the basis for
166:
64:
23:
865:Roud, Steve (31 October 2010).
606:Effects of the car on societies
527:beyond (such as the end of the
75:needs additional citations for
42:or discuss these issues on the
1107:R.S. Johnson & J.T. Oman.
946:
844:
823:
807:
780:
751:
727:
709:
672:
663:
654:
539:), or that an old woman is a "
1:
1023:(with photos by Ann Golzen).
918:and help improve the section.
787:Lynda Edwards (5 June 1997).
647:
1134:The Secret World of Children
974:The People in the Playground
957:American Children's Folklore
377:Play will often incorporate
7:
1165:Where do the Children Play?
1047:(Nutt, 1904); ... Newell's
573:
406:during the 20th century by
336:Location and play materials
189:, discuss the issue on the
99:"Children's street culture"
10:
1205:
1069:Victoria and Albert Museum
1049:Games of American Children
988:The Lore of the Playground
734:Hanna Rosin (April 2014).
531:, beyond which is another
481:Children's Film Foundation
351:
1182:Children's street culture
1123:Picture This: Playing Out
1094:Eddie Elliott (Curator).
508:effects of the automobile
277:refers to the cumulative
275:Children's street culture
1116:Television documentaries
1045:Children's Singing Games
522:Children's urban legends
247:Young boys playing in a
1079:Les Enfants, Les Gosses
1033:Encyclopædia Britannica
736:"The Overprotected Kid"
1158:This Is Not a Car Park
990:, Random House (2010).
591:Children's geographies
349:
271:
260:
252:
1025:The Child in the City
854:, 95 (1984), 191-203.
763:www.londonplay.org.uk
586:Childhood secret club
352:Further information:
343:
266:
258:
246:
820:, September 5, 2013.
596:Free-range parenting
483:productions such as
442:; urbanists such as
420:street photographers
397:History and research
294:industrial districts
195:create a new article
187:improve this article
177:may not represent a
84:improve this article
1132:Ian Duncan. (Dir.)
1121:Ian Duncan. (Dir.)
611:Peter and Iona Opie
457:Play & Folklore
1187:Cultural geography
1145:The Singing Street
789:"Myths Over Miami"
566:, co-written with
489:The Soap Box Derby
350:
316:-culture produced
272:
261:
253:
1055:Photography books
1001:Robert Paul Smith
996:978-1-905211-51-7
944:
943:
936:
878:978-1-4070-8932-4
837:, Christmas 2017.
535:inhabited by the
512:England and Wales
346:Marguerite Martyn
281:created by young
241:
240:
233:
223:
222:
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197:, as appropriate.
160:
159:
152:
134:
57:
1194:
962:Robin C. Moore.
939:
932:
928:
925:
919:
914:Please read the
910:may need cleanup
899:
898:
891:
882:
871:. Random House.
838:
827:
821:
811:
805:
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802:
800:
784:
778:
777:
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765:. Archived from
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749:
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724:
719:. Archived from
713:
707:
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701:
699:
676:
670:
667:
661:
658:
568:Rosemary Edghill
479:(1947) and some
436:Humphrey Spender
372:Guy Fawkes Night
328:, mass-produced
320:children (e.g.,
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27:
26:
19:
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1191:
1172:
1171:
1153:Dusty Bluebells
1118:
1109:Street Children
1075:Robert Doisneau
1057:
1015:Children's Lore
1013:Leea Virtanen.
949:
940:
929:
923:
920:
913:
906:Further reading
900:
896:
889:
887:Further reading
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659:
655:
650:
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626:Playground song
576:
560:Mercedes Lackey
546:Miami New Times
524:
440:Robert Doisneau
408:anthropologists
399:
391:spirit of place
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338:
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723:on 2006-04-30.
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181:of the subject
179:worldwide view
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1006:David Sobel.
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989:
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978:
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968:
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961:
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953:Simon Bronner
951:
950:
938:
935:
927:
924:February 2016
917:
916:editing guide
911:
907:
902:
893:
892:
880:
874:
870:
869:
863:
860:
857:David Sobel.
856:
853:
849:
848:
836:
835:Fortean Times
832:
829:Ian Simmons,
826:
819:
816:
813:Allie Conti,
810:
795:on 2012-04-16
794:
790:
783:
769:on 2021-04-15
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692:9781351348652
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445:
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437:
433:
432:David Trainer
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
404:western world
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331:
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310:media culture
301:
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292:
291:working-class
288:
284:
280:
276:
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257:
250:
249:New York City
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163:
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151:
143:
140:December 2012
132:
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101: –
100:
96:
95:Find sources:
89:
85:
79:
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73:This article
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61:
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1095:
1088:
1085:Helen Levitt
1078:
1064:
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1024:
1014:
1007:
987:
986:Steve Roud,
980:
973:
963:
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921:
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867:
858:
851:
834:
825:
817:
809:
797:. Retrieved
793:the original
782:
771:. Retrieved
767:the original
762:
753:
745:
741:The Atlantic
739:
729:
721:the original
711:
703:
696:. Retrieved
681:
674:
665:
656:
616:Latchkey kid
563:
544:
525:
516:play streets
493:
488:
485:Go Kart, Go!
484:
475:
464:
462:
456:
451:
428:Helen Levitt
400:
387:
376:
357:
354:Street games
317:
307:
298:play outside
274:
273:
251:street, 1909
227:
209:
203:October 2008
200:
176:
146:
137:
127:
120:
113:
106:
94:
82:Please help
77:verification
74:
50:
43:
37:
36:Please help
33:
1102:Les Enfants
1061:Roger Mayne
1037:A. B. Gomme
979:Iona Opie.
947:Non-fiction
845:Works cited
669:Sobel, 2001
631:Street game
564:Mad Maudlin
556:Bloody Mary
496:video games
487:(1963) and
476:Hue and Cry
448:Robin Moore
424:Roger Mayne
412:folklorists
364:playgrounds
344:Drawing by
1176:Categories
1021:Colin Ward
908:" section
773:2020-01-05
648:References
641:Truce term
636:Tree house
504:television
444:Colin Ward
326:television
110:newspapers
39:improve it
1031:The 1911
970:Iona Opie
818:New Times
660:Beck 1984
601:Home zone
581:Child art
562:'s novel
533:dimension
416:Iona Opie
191:talk page
45:talk page
852:Folklore
574:See also
551:homeless
537:bogeyman
529:sidewalk
500:Internet
491:(1958).
466:Our Gang
422:such as
414:such as
283:children
185:You may
1160:(1993).
1148:(1951).
1127:BBC Two
1081:(1992).
1067:(1996,
1010:(1998).
983:(1959).
959:(1988).
861:(2001).
799:6 April
383:conkers
279:culture
124:scholar
994:
904:This "
875:
698:30 May
689:
502:, and
498:, the
471:Ealing
379:crazes
322:comics
287:crazes
269:Tehran
126:
119:
112:
105:
97:
1140:1993)
1129:1992)
541:witch
360:parks
314:media
193:, or
131:JSTOR
117:books
992:ISBN
873:ISBN
801:2012
700:2023
687:ISBN
454:and
446:and
438:and
410:and
370:for
368:guys
330:toys
103:news
1138:BBC
1039:'s
473:'s
374:).
318:for
86:by
1178::
1087:.
1077:.
1071:).
1063:.
972:.
955:.
833:.
761:.
744:.
738:.
702:.
570:.
460:.
434:,
430:,
426:,
418:;
362:,
324:,
48:.
1136:(
1125:(
937:)
931:(
926:)
922:(
912:.
881:.
803:.
776:.
389:"
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228:(
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210:(
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201:(
183:.
153:)
147:(
142:)
138:(
128:·
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114:·
107:·
80:.
55:)
51:(
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