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furniture and supplies came from
Partridge's mentor Emma Church (of the Church School of Art), who had recently closed her school. (Partridge declined the offer to be named director, not wanting to relocate to Chicago.) For the first few years the co-directors both continued teaching at Downer College while sharing the administrative duties and educational responsibilities at Layton. Partridge taught art classes and oversaw faculty and community activities while Frink taught literature appreciation and oversaw business and student activities. The Layton School of Art was considered non-traditional in many way compared to other contemporary art schools. Partridge and Frink believed by including a diverse curriculum including literature, psychology, drama, poetry, and music the students would learn to appreciate art in a more holistic manner, with the end goal to train students to earn a living in industrial art, commercial art, interior decoration, costume design, illustration and "normal" art.
182:. From 1957 to 1965 Partridge served as president of Zonta Manor Inc. In 1967 the Zonta Manor ran into financial difficulty and ownership transferred to the American Baptist Management Corporation which carried on its original purpose. Partridge was a board member (1966-1969) of the Walnut Area Improvement Council (WAICO), a grassroots organization made up of local Black residents working to improve their neighborhood. She did "whatever was asked of her" which included guiding the group in parliamentary procedure and recruiting artists to teach at the community house. Partridge was also an advocate of community gardens as a community organizing tool in order to inspire what was later named "Operation Green".
72:) and received her diploma in 1912 for a two-year course in normal art. Partridge taught at the Church School of Art one year after receiving her diploma and also taught at the Francis Parker School in Chicago and the Chicago Kindergarten College. During this time, Partridge also had a studio where she devoted herself to design work, freelanced as a commercial artist, and studied painting at the traditional Chicago Art Institute night school. In 1914 she joined the Fine Arts Department faculty at the
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153:(MHP) that was praised by First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt who visited in 1936, writing about her experiences in her newspaper column, "My Day": "I have just come back from one of the most interesting mornings I have ever spent. Milwaukee has a handicraft project for unskilled women which gives one a perfect thrill. They are doing artistic work under most able teachers", Roosevelt wrote.
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Art student of merit. She received the
Wisconsin governor's award for "individual support of the arts" and an honorary PhD of Fine Arts from Lawrence University in 1969. University President Thomas S. Smith called her contributions farsighted, even prophetic, "beyond the field of art into industry and the general cultural and social life of the state".
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president of the Women's Club of
Wisconsin (date unknown), and member and president (1928-1929) of the Zona club. Partridge was awarded a distinguished service award by the Wisconsin Chapter of the American Institute of Architects, who cited her for "a lifetime of activity in promoting the cause of art".
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in 1915 where they were both teaching at the time. In 1920 they opened the Layton School of Art and were co-directors of the school while continuing to teach at Downer until 1922. They co-directed the Layton School of Art together for 34 years until they were asked to step down from their positions.
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Partridge and Frink were honored by the
Milwaukee Common Council for having built an "art school nationally accredited and recognized for the excellence of its work" and The Layton Art League established the "Charlotte Partridge-Miriam Frink Scholarship" awarding $ 500 annually to a Layton School of
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In 1921 Partridge joined the Layton Art
Gallery board of trustees and served for 51 years, until 1973. In 1922 she was appointed director and curator of the Layton Art Gallery, a position she kept for 31 years, until 1953. During her tenure as director of the Layton Gallery she modernized the space,
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Partridge was born in
Minneapolis, MN. in 1882 (although a passport issued later in life lists her birth year as 1886) to Frederick and Carrie Partridge. Partridge spent her childhood in Duluth, MN. She was enrolled in Dana Hall, a preparatory school in Massachusetts paid for by her mother's wealthy
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In 1921 they rented their first apartment, and in 1930 they built a studio summer cottage in Fox Point designed by
Partridge described in the local paper as one twenty-by-thirty-foot room that served as "living room, bedroom, and studio in one". Here they wrote their initials in wet cement of the
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building on
Prospect Avenue, later razed for freeway construction. Then in 1954 Partridge and Frink were forced to retire as directors of the Layton School of Art. 1954 meeting, the Layton Board of Trustees voted to "retire" Partridge and Frink, both of whom objected. The retirement was effective
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according to sketches drawn by
Partridge. In 1973 Partridge entered the Mequon Care Center where she died in 1975. After Partridge's death in February 1975 at the age of 93, Frink continued to work with Frink's niece, the researcher Susie Habenicht, whom they had hired to write a history of the
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Partridge was involved in numerous clubs and organizations over the course of her life including; a member and the first president (date unknown) of
Wisconsin Designer Craftsmen, American Institute of Architects, Delta Kappa Gamma, the College Arts Association, Wisconsin Painters and Sculptors,
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committed their gallery basement to the school that became incorporated as a non-profit institution of higher learning that year. The school opened in the fall with 26 students enrolled for day classes and another 60 for evening school; there were also free Saturday classes for children. The
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and later became head of the Fine Arts Department where she initiated one of the first occupational therapy courses in the country, and remained on staff there through 1922. Partridge taught art as self-expression, a new concept in art education at the time. She also taught summers at
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In the early 1950s Partridge pitched a proposal to her fellow Zonta Club members for housing middle-income elderly women in independent living rental apartments called Zonta Manor. As president of the Zonta Service Committee, she led the Zonta Manor project working with architects
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immediately much to the dismay of faculty, students, and alumni. The Layton Board of Trustees had already selected Edmund Lewandowski o replace them. The Board's position was that the work was too exhausting for them, but Partridge was told the school should be directed by a man.
149:(FAP). The FAP was federally funded in Wisconsin from 1935 to 1939, when it became state funded and was renamed the Wisconsin WPA Art Program. One of the public works projects active in Wisconsin under the WPA that interacted with the local FAP chapter was the
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who had his first-ever controversial exhibition there in 1930. Miriam Frink is quoted saying "Charlotte was the first person to give real understanding and support to the painters of Wisconsin and give them a gallery where they could exhibit."
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From 1933 to 1934, Partridge served as the Wisconsin State Chair for the Federal Art Project (FAP). In 1935 she was appointed director of the Wisconsin Federal Art Project and held that position until 1939. In 1940, Partridge produced a
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42:. They were credited with having developed a nationally accredited art school, recognized for excellence. Partridge was also a State Chair (1933-1934) and Director (1935-1939) of Wisconsin's
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Upon retirement, Charlotte and Miriam were honored by the Milwaukee Common Council for having built an "art school nationally accredited and recognized for the excellence of its work".
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Layton School of Art and their biographies (unpublished). After 39 years, Frink moved out of their home to live in Mequon Care Center in 1977 and died later that year at age 85.
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Grassroots and Community Activism Within Milwaukee's Black Community: A Response to Central City Renewal and Revitalization Efforts in the Walnut Street Area, 1960s to 1980s
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brother, and returned home after her father's death. Her mother, sister and brother relocated to Illinois where her mother later remarried. Partridge graduated from the
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in 1905 and taught second grade at the Whittier School in Oak Park, IL. In 1910, she enrolled in Emma Church's Chicago School of Applied and Normal Art (later renamed
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was a public program that included funding for arts with the purpose to provide employment for American's during the depression. One of the WPA projects was
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Margaret Davis Clark, an alumna, later said, "I felt it was the beginning of the end. The school could not go on in the same way. It was very sad."
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89:. In 1915 Partridge met her life partner Miriam Frink who had returned to Downer College (where she held a degree) to teach freshman English.
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27:(November 24, 1882 – 1975) was an artist, arts educator, community organizer and the co-founder and co-director of the
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in 1940. Partridge received a number of awards recognizing her lifetime of contributions to "the cause of art".
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fireplace. Partridge and Frink lived most of their lives in their home completed in 1938 designed by architect
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145:, under this umbrella were five additional programs focusing on different areas in the arts including the
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In 1951 the Layton School of Art enrollment was at 1,100 students, and the school moved into the new
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456:"About the Collection | Wisconsin Arts Projects of the WPA (Libraries Digital Collection)"
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report that surveyed art institutions and contemporary art in the United States.
565:"Archival Resources in Wisconsin: Descriptive Finding Aids: Summary Information"
384:"Archival Resources in Wisconsin: Descriptive Finding Aids: Summary Information"
253:"Archival Resources in Wisconsin: Descriptive Finding Aids: Summary Information"
407:"Newly Processed Collections, Partridge, Charlotte R and Miriam Frink Papers".
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Partridge once said, "Miss Frink is the head and I am the feet of the school."
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432:"Archival Resources in Wisconsin: Descriptive Finding Aids: Biography/History"
282:"Archival Resources in Wisconsin: Descriptive Finding Aids: Biography/History"
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1933–1940: Works Projects Administration (WPA) and Federal Art Project (FAP)
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showing local artists and contemporary exhibitions including people such as
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In 1920 Partridge and Frink became co-directors of the newly founded
331:"Our Back Pages: When Frank Lloyd Wright gave Milwaukee an earful"
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Layton's Legacy: A Historic American Art Collection, 1888-2013
476:"WPA Milwaukee Handicraft Project | Milwaukee Public Museum"
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306:"Archival Resources in Wisconsin: Descriptive Finding Aids"
590:"Yesterday's Milwaukee: The Rise and Fall of Bronzeville"
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We've Been Here All Along: Wisconsin's Early Gay History
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1955–1975: Clubs, organizations, awards and retirement
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1920–1954: Layton School of Art and Layton Art Gallery
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619:(Master's thesis). University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee.
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until 1916 with her mentor and former teacher, Miss
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523:"Time To Be Busy, Women's pages and Society".
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541:"Foundation – Zonta Club of Milwaukee"
417:: 66–79. 1999 – via googlebooks.
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226:"The 1950s – Zonta Club of Milwaukee"
66:Northern Illinois State Normal School
663:"Harry Bogner | MOWA Online Archive"
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20:Charlotte Partridge, 1957
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630:Wagner, R. Richard.
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