2839:, January 1910 p. 130: "As a writer, Mr. Russell's books have enjoyed a larger circulation than any English work ... Of his work entitled 'Studies in the Scriptures,' the average output is two thousand three hundred copies for each working day. We regret the records of 1909 are not yet complete, but in 1908 seven hundred and twenty-eight thousand, four hundred and seventy-four volumes were sold. Since publication, three million five hundred and thirty-four thousand volumes have been circulated. Last year, in addition to these there were three hundred and eight million pages of his tracts circulated. In all literature the Bible is about the only book that has had a larger circulation ... In the literature of the world, the order would probably be as follows: The Bible, the Chinese Almanac, the 'Studies in the Scriptures,' 'Don Quixote,' 'Uncle Tom's Cabin' and Hubbard's 'Message to Garcia.'"
3647:, 1912, pp. 1–3: "By thousands he is believed to be a religious fakir of the worst type… Years ago he gave himself the title of "Pastor"… By "The Brooklyn Daily Eagle" he stands charged with… having his name sensationally connected with those of numerous other women… with publishing himself as giving addresses to great crowds in important places where he has not spoken at all… with being illegally connected with lead, asphalt and turpentine companies, with selling or causing to be sold "Miracle Wheat" at $ 60 a bushel, with influencing the sick and dying to make their wills in his favor… He is an eccentric individual and judging from his advertisements of himself, many do not think him normal, and some are persuaded that he is self-deceived."
1345:
2827:, September 1881 p. 5: "As we were reaching Christians in the cities with the pamphlets, we sent the papers only with weekly and monthly journals, and hope thus to have reached many Christians in country districts. We sent out in this way over 400,000 copies. Thus you see that from an apparently small beginning, the tract work has spread to the immense proportions of 1,200,000 copies, or about 200,000,000 pages in four months, or about eight times as much (in number) as were distributed by the American Tract Society in the last year."
119:
1667:
2960:, p. 24, "The Photo-Drama presented the explanation of Bible truth from the time of creation, the fall into sin, the promises of God to redeem man and His dealings through history until the millennial restitution. It is believed to have been viewed by more than 9,000,000 people throughout North America and Europe, as well as many others in places around the world. It took two years and $ 300,000 to complete the project, many of the scenes being hand colored. Yet admission was free and no collections were taken."
40:
2059:
no one claimed a refund although he had offered one for up to a year later for any who were dissatisfied with their purchase. In 1975, the Watch Tower
Society stated that gross receipts from the "Miracle Wheat" fundraiser totaled "about $ 1800" (current value $ 59,000), of which "Russell himself did not get a penny". It also said that "the Society itself made no claim for the wheat on its own knowledge and the mo…ney received went as a donation into Christian missionary work."
2387:
it was sufficient, under God, to reestablish my wavering faith in the divine inspiration of the Bible, and to show that the records of the apostles and the prophets are indissolubly linked. What I heard sent me to my Bible to study with more zeal and care than ever before, and I shall ever thank the Lord for the leading; for although
Adventism helped me to no single truth, it did help me greatly in the unlearning of errors, and thus prepared me for the Truth.
1926:
3610:, "Miracle Wheat Scandal", January 22, 1913, 2; "Testimony on Wheat", January 23, 1913, 3; "Financial Statements Proving Russell's Absolute Control", by Secretary-Treasurer Van Amberg, January 25, 1913, 16; "Government Experts Testify on 'Miracle Wheat' and Ascertain Its Ordinariness", January 27, 1913, 3; "Prosecution and Defense Closing Arguments", January 28, 1913, 2; "Russell Loses Libel Suit", January 29, 1913, 16 (available on microfilm)
455:
1375:, he wrote about what he had concluded on the subject. Barbour, embarrassed by the failure of their expectations, rejected Russell's explanation. They conducted a debate in successive issues of the journal from early 1878 to mid-1879. In a matter of months, Barbour changed some of the views which he and Russell had previously shared, and no longer relied on prophetic chronology. They began to debate over the issue of
2104:
God" according to the biblical pattern, not requiring any denominational approval or theological training. He suggested that his annual election as "Pastor" by over 500 congregations worldwide constituted him as properly ordained. Russell contended that Ross and others were attacking him because they were unable to answer his theological arguments, preferring instead to resort to slander and character assassination.
1985:, she believed that, as his wife, she should have equal control over its administration and equal privilege in writing articles, preaching, and traveling abroad as his representative. In 1903, she filed for legal separation on the grounds of mental cruelty, referring to forced celibacy and frequent cold, indifferent treatment by him. The separation was granted in 1906, with Russell charged to pay alimony.
3957:, Herald mag. pp 359–365, "But now I am talking about this great order of masonry of which Jesus is the Grand Master. This Order is to be entered in a peculiar way. There are certain conditions, the low gate, the narrow way, the difficult path. Although I have never been a Mason, I have heard that in Masonry they have something which very closely illustrates all of this." (6MB download)
659:
3728:, October 15, 1914, p. 286: "The lower Court found him guilty of libel. But when the case went to the second Judge he called up an English precedent, in which it was held that criminal libel would only operate in a case where the jury felt sure that there was danger of rioting or violence. As there was no danger that myself or friends would resort to rioting, the case was thrown out."
2020:
3809:
true Bible study. They see that their influence is waning. But they have not yet awakened to the true situation. They think that I am responsible for their smaller congregations and small collections. But not so. The real difficulty for them is that the people are becoming more intelligent and can no longer be driven with the crack of a merely man-made whip of fear."
1358:
Russell laughed heartily and said: "I was in bed that night between 10:30 and 11:00 pm. However, some of the more radical ones might have been there, but I was not. Neither did I expect to be taken to heaven at that time, for I felt there was much work to be done preaching the
Kingdom message to the peoples of the earth before the church would be taken away.
1917:. Many of the most prominent Bible Students who had left the society held their own meeting in October 1929 to gather other dissenters; the First Annual Bible Students Reunion Convention was held in the old Pittsburgh "Bible House" long used by Russell. These conventions were held yearly, but the process of 'regathering' took nearly twenty years.
2092:. In this work, Ross claimed that during the proceedings on March 17, 1913, Russell had repeatedly lied under oath by affirming that he was ordained, but denying the same when cross-examined, by affirming that he knew the Greek language, but when shown by Counselor Staunton an extract from the New Testament in Greek by
3808:
The Watch Tower, October 15, 1914, p. 287: "What is the secret of the opposition and slander that is being raised up against me and against all who, like me, are Bible students? It is malice, hatred, envy, strife, on the part of those who are still hugging the nonsense of the Dark Ages and neglecting
3573:
Opinion of the Court, May 5, 1908: "We think the defense of privilege is not applicable to the article published by the defendant. The article is unquestionably libelous… It is not confined to comment and criticism on his acts as a public man or his public life, but, so far as this record discloses,
2386:
I heard something of the views of Second
Adventists, the preacher being Mr. Jonas Wendell, long since deceased. Thus, I confess indebtedness to Adventists as well as to other denominations. Though his Scripture exposition was not entirely clear, and though it was very far from what we now rejoice in,
1453:
The 162-page "pamphlet" was published using donated funds amounting to approximately $ 40,000 (current value $ 1,262,897). It had a circulation of nearly 1.5 million copies over a period of four months distributed throughout the United States, Canada and Great
Britain by various channels. During
2357:
February 1917 p. 129: "Up to the age of fifteen ... his favorite teacher was
Spurgeon, because, as he said, "he peppered it hot," his claim being that if one believed a thing he should tell it with all his might. So at the age of fifteen he used to go about the city of Pittsburg on Saturday evenings
1999:
of
Chicago reprinted the "jellyfish" story while also accusing Russell of immoral conduct. Russell sued the papers for libel; the jury decided in his favor, awarding him one dollar. Following an appeal, Russell received a cash settlement of $ 15,000 (current value $ 509,000) plus court costs, and an
1988:
During the trial Mrs. Russell's attorney alleged that in 1894 Mr. Russell had engaged in "improper intimacy" with Rose Ball, by then a 25-year-old woman. The
Russells had cared for her as a foster daughter said to be an orphan. Mrs. Russell alleged that Ball had told her Mr. Russell claimed to be an
1968:
magazine. He intended to pre-empt efforts by his critics to circulate their views to a wider audience of Bible
Students. Russell printed copies of letters he had received from these former associates to show that their claims were false, and that those involved 'were guided by Satan in an attempt to
1903:
magazine, as well as who, if anyone, had authority to print new literature. By the end of the 1920s, nearly three-quarters of the Bible
Student congregations had rejected Rutherford's on-going changes in organizational structure, doctrinal interpretations, and congregational practices, some of which
2103:
In response, Russell stated through various printed and public sources that he had never claimed knowledge of the Greek language, merely the alphabet and that early Christians were also criticized by the religious authorities for being unlearned and ignorant. He believed that his ordination was "of
2083:
The Hamilton and Toronto Ontario newspapers reported the claims made by Ross and provided a brief outline of the court proceedings. They did not refer to any alleged misconduct on the part of Russell. They criticized Ross for having fled Ontario when summoned and not being present during any of the
2058:
Russell defended himself publicly, and in writing, claiming that the wheat was donated to the Watch Tower Society. He said that although sold for $ 1 per pound, Mr. Stoner allegedly routinely sold it for a $ 1.25 per pound. Russell claimed to have no financial connection to the wheat, and said that
613:
Russell was a charismatic figure, but claimed no special revelation or vision for his teachings and no special authority on his own behalf. He stated that he did not seek to found a new denomination, but intended to gather together those who were seeking the truth of God's Word "during this harvest
1357:
While talking with Russell about the events of 1878, I told him that Pittsburgh papers had reported he was on the Sixth Street bridge dressed in a white robe on the night of the Memorial of Christ's death, expecting to be taken to heaven together with many others. I asked him, "Is that correct?"
2079:
After several delays the case came before Police Court Magistrate George H. Jelfs on March 17, 1913. During cross-examination Russell said that he had attended public school for seven years, having left when he was about fourteen years of age, after which he received instruction through private
1311:
Among the teachings Barbour introduced was the view that Christians who had died would be raised in April 1878. Russell, who had previously rejected prophetic chronology, was moved to devote his life to what he was convinced were now the last two years before the invisible, spiritual return of
1844:
1639:
Following his examination of the Bible, Russell and other Bible Students came to regard Christian creeds and traditions as harmful errors. They saw their own work as restoring Christianity to the purity of its first century. Many contemporary Church leaders and scholars considered his views
1989:
amorous "jellyfish floating around" to different women until someone responded to his advances. Mr. Russell denied the accusations and said he had never used such language to describe himself. When the judge asked Mrs. Russell if she was accusing her husband of adultery, she replied, "No".
1630:
was introduced in 1914 by the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania. A book by the same name was also published. The project's expenses put the organization under some financial pressures; the full cost was estimated at about US$ 300,000 (current value $ 9,130,000).
2087:
On April 1, 1913, the High Court of Ontario returned a verdict of "No Bill" ruling that Russell was not entitled to damages because, the libel was not likely to result in any violence within Canada. Following the libel case, Ross published an expanded edition of 48-pages titled,
1370:
Confused by what was perceived to be an error in calculation, Russell re-examined the doctrine to see if he could determine whether it had biblical origins or was simply Christian tradition. He concluded that the doctrine was Christian tradition. Through the pages of the
1307:
in March 1876 at Russell's expense so that he could hear their arguments, and compare the conclusions that each side had made in their studies. Russell sponsored a speech by Barbour in St. George's Hall, Philadelphia in August 1876 and attended other lectures by Barbour.
3242:, 1957, p. 62, "October 31: Charles Taze Russell, pastor of the Brooklyn Tabernacle, and known all over the country as 'Pastor Russell,' died from heart disease at 2:30 o'clock this afternoon on an Atchison, Topeka Santa Fe train, en route from Los Angeles to New York."
3187:, November 14, 1916 p. 3 column 3, "The fact is he did not die of heart trouble, but of an inflammation of the bladder, and while writing you on Brother Bohnet's desk I could not fail to see on the burial permit that the cause of death was given as 'Cystitis'."
1406:
as president and Russell as secretary-treasurer; they intended to disseminate tracts, papers, doctrinal treatises and Bibles. All materials were printed and bound by Russell's privately owned Tower Publishing Company for an agreed price, then distributed by
3380:) shows the growth in the period before 1925. 1919: 17,961, 1922: 32,661, 1923: 42,000, 1924: 62,696, 1925: 90,434. 1926 marked the first decrease: 89,278. There are no published statistics from the years 1929–1934. In 1935, Memorial attendance was 63,146.
1483:
calculated that by 1909, Russell's writings had become the most widely distributed, privately produced English-language works in the United States. It said that the entire corpus of his works were the third most circulated on earth, after the Bible and the
167:
as president. In 1884 the corporation was registered, with Russell as president. Russell wrote many articles, books, tracts, pamphlets and sermons, totaling approximately 50,000 pages. From 1886 to 1904, he published a six-volume Bible study series titled
1904:
began to appear in material printed by the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society as early as 1917. Many Bible Students were disaffected by Rutherford's rejection of Russell's views regarding his role in the restoration of the "truth" and support of the
3656:
RG 22-329-0-6742 Record of Indictment: The King v. John Jacob Ross – Defamatory Libel, In the Supreme Court of Ontario, High Court Division and in the Court of Oyer and Terminer and General Gaol Delivery in and for the County of Wentworth, pp. 1,
2075:
He alleged that Russell was involved in questionable business practices, had defrauded his estranged wife, and denounced his qualifications, legitimacy and moral example as a Pastor. Russell sued Ross for defamatory libel on December 2, 1912.
1277:
About 1870, Russell and his father established a group with a number of acquaintances to undertake an analytical study of the Bible and the origins of Christian doctrine, creed, and tradition. The group, strongly influenced by the writings of
1946:
in Pittsburgh by associates Otto van Zech, Elmer Bryan, J. B. Adamson, S. G. Rogers, Paul Koetitz, and others. It accused Russell of being a dictatorial leader, a shrewd businessman who appeared eager to collect funds from the selling of the
1820:. Early in Russell's ministry, he speculated that the Jews might flock to Palestine and form their own nation by the year 1910. Shortly before his death in 1916, he used the Jewish press to stress that 1914 prophetically marked the time when
1473:
In 1903, newspapers began publishing his written sermons. These newspaper sermons were syndicated worldwide in as many as 4,000 newspapers, eventually reaching an estimated readership of some 15 million in the United States and Canada.
2080:
tutors. He said that he was versed in Latin terms "to an extent" but did not know Hebrew or Greek, that he had never been ordained by any bishop or minister, and had never attended a theological seminary or any schools of higher learning.
3225:
by W. W. Zellner, William M. Kephart, 2000, p. 338, "On October 31, 1916, the stormy life of Charles Russell came to an end. While on a nationwide lecture tour, he died unexpectedly of heart failure in a Pullman car near Pampa, Texas."
573:
On March 13, 1879, Russell married Maria Frances Ackley after a few months' acquaintance. The couple separated in 1897. Russell blamed the marriage breakup on disagreements over Maria Russell's insistence on a greater editorial role in
3312:, 1969, p. 52. Rogerson notes that it is not clear exactly how many Bible Students left. Joseph Rutherford wrote in 1934 that "of the great multitude that left the world to follow Jesus Christ only a few are now in God's organization".
3505:
July 15, 1906 p. 221: "The next day the husband took the witness stand and swore that he had never used the language (and never had heard of it before)… and that only an idiotic person would make such an uncomplimentary remark about
557:, along with medieval traditions) led Russell to question his faith. He investigated various other religions, but concluded that they did not provide the answers he was seeking. In 1870, at age eighteen, he attended a presentation by
2497:, September 15, 1895, p. 216: Quote: "Beware of 'organization.' It is wholly unnecessary. The Bible rules will be the only rules you will need. Do not seek to bind others' consciences, and do not permit others to bind yours."
1293:, who were also frequent attendees, concluded that many of the primary doctrines of the established churches, including the Trinity, hellfire, and inherent immortality of the soul, were not substantiated by the scriptures.
614:
time". He wrote that the "clear unfolding of truth" within his teachings was due to "the simple fact that God's due time has come; and if I did not speak, and no other agent could be found, the very stones would cry out."
189:
culminated in a movement-wide schism. As many as three-quarters of the approximately 50,000 Bible Students associated in 1917 had left by 1931. This resulted in the formation of several groups with variations of the name
1898:
was elected president of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society, despite disputes over the election process. Further disputes arose over interpretation of sections of Russell's will dealing with the future contents of
617:
He viewed himself—and all other Christians anointed with the Holy Spirit—as "God's mouthpiece" and an ambassador of Christ. Later in his career he accepted without protest that many Bible Students viewed him as the
2222:
1492:, a Presbyterian journal, stated that in North America Russell's writings had achieved a greater circulation "than the combined circulation of the writings of all the priests and preachers in North America".
1521:. In 1886, after reportedly not making back most of the money spent publishing these three titles, he began publication of what was intended to be a seven-volume series. The volumes were collectively called
1352:
When 1878 arrived, failure of the expected rapture brought great disappointment for Barbour and Russell, and their associates and readers. But one of Russell's associates claimed that Russell was not upset.
545:
store. By age twelve, Russell was writing business contracts for customers and given charge of some of his father's other clothing stores. At age thirteen, Russell left the Presbyterian Church to join the
1626:, an innovative eight-hour religious film in four parts. It was the first major screenplay to incorporate synchronized sound, moving film, and color slides. Production began as early as 1912, and the
3765:
As respects my education in Greek and Hebrew: Not only do I not claim very special knowledge of either language, but I claim that not one minister in a thousand is either a Hebrew or a Greek scholar.
1770:) under God's direction, but to be understood only in the modern era. He adopted Seiss' terminology, referring to the pyramid as "the Bible in stone". He held that certain biblical texts, including
178:, nearly 20 million copies of which were printed and distributed around the world in several languages during his lifetime. (A seventh volume was commissioned by his successor as society president,
1596:. Controversy quickly surrounded both its publication and content. It soon became known that much of the contents were written and compiled by two of Russell's associates, Clayton J. Woodworth and
3891:. The cross and crown symbol does not appear on his gravestone in the Rosemont United Cemetery, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania—it appears on a memorial erected some years later." Retrieved 29 May 2009.
4177:
1312:
Christ. He sold his five clothing stores for approximately $ 300,000 (current value $ 8,584,000). With Russell's encouragement and financial backing, Barbour wrote an outline of their views in
550:. In his youth he was known to chalk Bible verses on fence boards and city sidewalks in an attempt to convert unbelievers; he particularly noted the punishment of hell awaiting the unfaithful.
1855:
Russell's health declined markedly in the three years leading up to his death. During his final ministerial tour of the western and southwestern United States, he became increasingly ill with
1446:, and elsewhere. They annually re-elected him "Pastor", and commonly referred to him as "Pastor Russell". Congregations that eventually formed in other nations also followed this tradition.
2358:
with a piece of chalk writing on the fence boards and telling the people not to fail to attend church on Sunday, so that they might escape the terrible hell in which he so firmly believed."
1824:
nations no longer had earthly authority; he said that all Jews were, from that time onward, permitted and guided by God to gather to Palestine and to reclaim the land boldly for themselves.
565:. Russell later said that, although he had not entirely agreed with Wendell's arguments, the presentation had inspired him with a renewed zeal and belief that the Bible is the word of God.
3324:
October 30, 1949 p. 18: "Pastor Russell died in 1916. In the 33 years since, the methods of this sect have deviated completely from those of Pastor Russell and his manner of teaching."
2133:
symbol, although this remains disputed. The Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon has said that Russell was not a Freemason, and notes that the symbols pre-date the fraternity.
1942:
As early as 1892, Russell's views and management style were strongly criticized by certain individuals associated with his ministry. In 1893, a paper was written and circulated to
1866:
An associate of Russell stated that Russell's body at age 64 was more worn out than that of his father who died at age 84. He was buried outside of Pittsburgh in United Cemetery,
1326:. Russell was eager to lead a Christian revival and called two separate meetings of Christian leaders in Pittsburgh. Russell's ideas, particularly stressing the imminence of the
4464:
1580:
The delayed publication of the seventh volume became a source of great anticipation and mystery among Bible Students. Following Russell's death in 1916, a seventh volume titled
1229:
1794:
stated, "The Pyramid witnesses that the close of 1914 will be the beginning of the time of trouble such as was not since there was a nation—no, nor shall ever be afterward."
1774:, prophesied a future understanding of the Great Pyramid. He believed that the pyramid's various ascending and descending passages represented biblical concepts such as the
1812:
Theatre, with thousands of Jews attending. His teaching that Jews should not convert to Christianity shocked Jews and Christians alike. Russell believed that the land of
2043:, who claimed to have discovered this strain. Russell sold the wheat for $ 60 per bushel, far above the average cost of wheat at the time. Throughout 1912 and 1913, the
1434:
With the formation of the Watch Tower Society, Russell intensified his ministry. His Bible study group had grown to hundreds of local members, with followers throughout
182:, and published in 1917.) The Watch Tower Society ceased publication of Russell's writings in 1927, though his books are still published by several independent groups.
3056:
4237:
1303:
in the mail. Barbour was an influential Adventist writer and publisher. Russell telegraphed Barbour to set up a meeting. Barbour and John Henry Paton visited in
4099:
3266:
3254:, November 14, 1916, p. 1 col 2: "Is it any wonder he died a score of years ahead of his natural time? His father looked younger at 84 than did the son at 64."
1181:
578:
magazine. A later court judgment noted that he had labelled the marriage "a mistake" three years before the dispute over her editorial ambitions had arisen.
1220:
2051:
for libel, but lost. A government expert investigated the "Miracle Wheat" and said it "was low in the Government tests". Prior to entering the court, the
1816:
belonged exclusively to the Jewish race, that God was then calling Jews back to their land, and that they would be the center of earthly leadership under
4272:
4197:
1871:
1399:
910:
690:
538:
160:
4254:
675:
4153:
4073:
2126:
originated from his understanding of Malachi 4:2, which denotes a sun with wings, as a symbol that Christ's millennial Kingdom had begun to emerge.
2140:
Although I have never been a Mason… Something I do seems to be the same as Masons do, I don't know what it is; but they often give me all kinds of
4641:
4389:
3227:
1466:. Russell claimed that the distribution of these works and other tracts by the Watch Tower Society during 1881 exceeded by eight times that of the
1264:
857:
4113:
4295:
3424:
731:
4631:
4384:
4300:
1883:
1867:
1686:. He said there was a heavenly resurrection of 144,000 righteous, as well as a "great multitude", but believed that the remainder of mankind
852:
721:
186:
2122:
series a winged solar disk was stamped on the front cover, a symbol that is also associated with Freemasonry. However, Russell's use of the
4666:
4430:
2454:
by M. James Penton, Macmillan of Canada, 1976, page 313, "Mrs. Russell obtained her "divorce", or separation, on grounds of mental cruelty"
904:
4089:
2996:
4310:
4230:
4050:
3870:
1186:
736:
2100:, he was unable to recognize it, and that he had not been divorced from his wife, but retracted the statement under cross-examination.
4681:
3150:
4267:
3958:
2541:
684:
483:
4686:
4483:
2129:
Some critics also claim that the pyramid that stood near Russell's gravesite was Masonic because of its shape and its use of the
963:
4128:
2148:
Throughout his ministry he said that he believed Christian identity is incompatible with Freemasonry. He described Freemasonry,
4572:
4320:
4305:
4262:
4223:
1099:
954:
745:
726:
698:
547:
4063:
2055:
declared that "at the trial it will show that "Pastor" Russell's religious cult is nothing more than a money-making scheme."
1644:, but thought that errors had been introduced in interpretation. Russell agreed with many 19th-century Protestants, including
1584:
was published in 1917; this was advertised as his "posthumous work". This seventh volume was a detailed interpretation of the
4626:
4621:
4616:
4459:
4346:
3289:
3206:
3134:
2625:
2420:
2144:
and I give them back, then I tell them I don't know anything about it except just a few grips that have come to me naturally.
1215:
819:
4043:
2941:
1911:
Those remaining supportive of Rutherford adopted the new name "Jehovah's witnesses" in 1931. They renamed their magazine as
1386:, publishing his first issue in July 1879. Barbour formed The Church of the Strangers that same year, continuing to publish
530:. Russell was the second of five children, of whom two survived into adulthood. His mother died when he was nine years old.
4636:
4361:
4108:
1257:
814:
250:
207:
1800:. Expanding on an idea suggested by Nelson Barbour, Russell taught as early as 1879 that God's favor had been restored to
4454:
4414:
1663:
Russell's scriptural interpretations differed from those of Catholics, and of many Protestants, in the following areas:
1170:
874:
582:
4137:
2003:
Rose Ball later married and lived in Australia. As Rose Ball Henninges, she died November 22, 1950, at the age of 81 in
4656:
4156:
November 7, 14, 21 and 28, 1916 articles "Regarding the Death and Burial of, and Memorial Services for, Pastor Russell"
2697:
1889:
1652:
that began in the first century AD. He also agreed with many other contemporary Protestants in belief in the imminent
4394:
4328:
4282:
2899:
2585:
2251:
2000:
agreement that the two papers publish his weekly syndicated sermons as well as a retraction defending his character.
1376:
934:
754:
707:
4061:
International Bible Students Souvenir Convention Report for 1916, "Pastor Russell Passes Through the Gates of Glory"
3849:
3263:
2136:
In June 1913, during a transcontinental speaking tour, Russell lectured in a Masonic hall in San Francisco, saying:
553:
At age sixteen, a discussion with a childhood friend on faults perceived in Christianity (such as contradictions in
4651:
4376:
2039:
reported that Russell was accused of gaining profit from a strain of wheat named "Miracle Wheat" by K.B. Stoner of
779:
1870:. The gravesite is marked by a headstone. Nearby stood a 7-foot-tall (2.1 m) pyramid memorial erected by the
4646:
1250:
642:
268:
211:
2477:
1732:, worldwide anarchy, and the sudden destruction of all world governments in October 1914. After the outbreak of
4338:
3041:
774:
4074:
Laodicean Messenger (1923) Chicago: The Bible Students Book Store; Memoirs of the Life of Charles Taze Russell
4661:
1415:
in 1884, with Russell as president, and in 1886 its name was changed to Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society.
4032:
1724:
since that date. He believed that a "time of trouble" began then that would mark a gradual deterioration of
1509:
Russell devoted nearly a tenth of his fortune, along with contributed funds, in publishing and distributing
476:
305:
4366:
4351:
1817:
1747:
1706:
1622:
1615:
839:
829:
801:
619:
318:
1462:, outlining his interpretation of the various animal sacrifices and tabernacle ceremonies instituted by
4501:
4207:
3097:
3027:
1982:
1895:
1601:
991:
367:
179:
2116:
in nature, and that such associations implied he engaged in occult activity. In later editions of the
4542:
2435:
2303:, "witnesses" was uncapitalized in Watch Tower Society literature when referring to the denomination.
2185:
2118:
2090:
Some Facts and More Facts about the Self-Styled "Pastor" Charles T. Russell (of Millennial Dawn Fame)
1527:
1050:
400:
311:
174:
590:
4676:
3926:
2097:
1728:
leading up to the end of the "Gentile Times", with a climactic multi-national attack on a restored
1412:
1363:
414:
362:
273:
203:
20:
4511:
3938:
3914:
3886:
2153:
1827:
1304:
1007:
594:
527:
469:
67:
3900:
3777:
3756:
3342:
1786:
and the exultation of the saints in heaven. Calculations were based on the assumption that each
4516:
4290:
4246:
4079:
3690:
3681:, cross-examination by King's Counselor George Lynch-Staunton, March 17, 1913, section II, p. 4
3669:, cross-examination by King's Counselor George Lynch-Staunton, March 17, 1913, section II, p. 6
3004:
1943:
1467:
1012:
716:
650:
497:
442:
230:
198:
192:
143:
3865:
2939:"Timeline of Influential Milestones...1910s", American Movie Classics, retrieved 15 April 2009
2276:
4671:
3574:
falsely asserts that he has committed certain acts of an immoral nature in his private life."
2891:
2885:
2165:
1905:
1759:
202:
in 1931, while those who severed ties with the Society formed their own groups including the
3028:"The Corroborative Testimony of God's stone witness and prophet, the Great Pyramid in Egypt"
1720:. Russell believed that Christ had returned invisibly in October 1874, and that he had been
1418:
In 1908, Russell transferred the headquarters of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society to
4611:
4606:
4491:
4189:
3154:
2093:
1859:, but ignored advice to abandon the tour. Russell died on October 31, 1916, at age 64 near
1751:
1710:
1403:
975:
602:
347:
164:
8:
2040:
1874:
in 1921. The pyramid memorial was vandalized and subsequently removed in September 2021.
1809:
1698:
1687:
1314:
459:
292:
245:
3950:
2535:
2112:
Some have claimed that various symbols Russell employed in his published literature are
2067:
In June 1912, Rev. J. J. Ross (1871–1935), Pastor of the James Street Baptist Church in
4506:
3335:
2149:
2073:
Some Facts about the Self-Styled "Pastor" Charles T. Russell (of Millennial Dawn Fame).
1813:
1808:
to Jesus, then disfavor from Jesus until 1878). In 1910, he conducted a meeting at the
1585:
996:
357:
3746:
Some Facts and More Facts about the Self-Styled 'Pastor' Charles T. Russell, pp. 18–23
3645:
Some Facts about the Self-Styled "Pastor" Charles T. Russell (of Millennial Dawn Fame)
4562:
4125:
3202:
3130:
3035:
2895:
2621:
2581:
2416:
2247:
2068:
1977:
In 1897, Russell's wife, Maria, left him after a disagreement over the management of
1797:
1666:
1640:
heretical. Russell agreed with other Protestants on the primacy of the Bible, and on
1423:
1339:
1297:
1135:
1087:
1082:
541:. When Charles was in his early teens, his father made him partner of his Pittsburgh
405:
395:
372:
352:
147:
118:
4060:
2141:
1597:
1531:
to clarify that they were not novels. Russell published six volumes in the series:
1479:
1348:
A simplified chart of historical developments of major groups within Bible Students
1344:
503:
299:
3830:
3284:
4521:
4132:
4093:
4067:
4036:
3974:
3962:
3915:
Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon "Was Charles Taze Russell a freemason?"
3874:
3853:
3293:
3270:
2945:
2938:
2545:
2130:
1949:
1783:
1589:
1023:
424:
2915:
4552:
4526:
4437:
4215:
2958:
Centennial of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania 1884–1984
1913:
1729:
1702:
1649:
1290:
1066:
1028:
887:
586:
155:
3376:
Attendance at the annual Memorial (statistics were published each year in the
2927:
1925:
196:. Those who remained associated with the Watch Tower Society adopted the name
4600:
4585:
4580:
4557:
4399:
2881:
1717:
1653:
1593:
1439:
1286:
1116:
1111:
1071:
562:
342:
39:
3941:, the Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon. Retrieved January 21, 2008.
3308:, William J. Schnell, Baker, Grand Rapids, 1956, as cited by Alan Rogerson,
2266:
WTB&TS, "God's Kingdom of a Thousand Years Has Approached" (1973) p. 347
1690:, awaiting an earthly resurrection, rather than suffering in a literal Hell.
1620:
Russell directed the production of a worldwide roadshow presentation titled
4404:
2573:
2239:
1860:
1755:
1743:
1725:
1145:
929:
862:
585:
at Pittsburgh in June 1903. In 1906 she filed for divorce under a claim of
534:
419:
86:
1804:
as the result of a prophetic "double" which had ended in 1878 (favor from
19:
This article is about the pastor. For the African-American architect, see
4116: – information page at the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh's website.
3929:, Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon]. Retrieved 17 February 2013.
3844:
2452:
Jehovah's Witnesses in Canada: Champions of Freedom of Speech and Worship
2113:
2011:
and was associated with the Bible Students in Australia until her death.
1775:
1733:
1435:
542:
4145:
3057:"Before Herzl, There Was Pastor Russell: A Neglected Chapter of Zionism"
2851:, McCormick Publishing Company, vol. 43, no. 40, October 3, 1912 p. 1354
1953:
books, of cheating one of them financially, and of issuing thousands of
4547:
4178:
Works of Charles Taze Russell and their effect upon Religion in America
4160:
Chapter II. Organizational Beginnings: (1873–1912) Charles Taze Russell
2123:
1930:
1848:
1779:
1737:
1657:
1485:
1408:
1055:
623:
139:
2928:
IMDB article "Photo-Drama of Creation (1914), Retrieved 15 April 2009
2004:
1771:
1645:
1641:
1449:
In 1881, Russell published his first work to gain wide distribution:
1282:
1279:
558:
153:
In July 1879, Russell began publishing a monthly religious magazine,
135:
1495:
Russell also had many critics, and he was frequently described as a
1382:
Russell withdrew his financial support and started his own journal,
2380:
Russell, C. T. (July 15, 1906). "Harvest Gatherings and Siftings".
1856:
1721:
1419:
1379:, and the two eventually separated because of their disagreements.
1318:, published in 1877. A text Russell had previously written, titled
1150:
3199:
Millions Now Living Will Never Die: A Study of Jehovah's Witnesses
1843:
1422:, New York where it remained until 2016, when it was relocated to
4356:
2226:
2047:
continued to report on Russell's alleged fraud. Russell sued the
1821:
1763:
1701:
by teaching that Jesus had received that divinity as a gift from
1694:
1327:
796:
598:
454:
390:
4029:
1697:. Russell believed in the divinity of Christ, but differed from
593:, with alimony, in 1908. Maria Russell died at the age of 88 in
4423:
4171:
4167:
4164:
Visions of Glory: A History and a Memory of Jehovah's Witnesses
4159:
3474:
3472:
2071:, published and widely distributed a four-page leaflet titled,
1831:
1767:
1496:
894:
3238:
New York Times, November 1, 1916, as cited by A.H. Macmillan,
2457:
2440:
Visions of Glory – A History and Memory of Jehovah's Witnesses
1834:. "Russell attacked Spiritualism (which he called Spiritism)".
537:
before moving to Pittsburgh, where they became members of the
518:
3763:. Watch Tower Society. September 15, 1914. pp. 286–287.
3151:"Zion's Watch Tower, December 1916, pp. R6601: 360-R6006:366"
2580:(2nd ed.). University of Toronto Press. pp. 14–17.
2246:(2nd ed.). University of Toronto Press. pp. 13–46.
2019:
1805:
1736:
in July 1914, Russell reinterpreted 1914 as the beginning of
1463:
554:
410:
3691:
http://www.iclnet.org/pub/resources/text/apl/jw/jehwit34.txt
3469:
2869:
Some Facts about the self-styled "Pastor" Charles T. Russell
2760:
2758:
1746:. Following views first taught by Christian writers such as
630:
said that he had been made "ruler of all the Lord's goods".
4119:
3613:
2156:, and other such groups as "grievous evils" and "unclean".
1801:
1787:
1683:
1443:
1330:
and the second advent of Christ, were rejected both times.
4166:, New York, Simon & Schuster, 1978. See also chapters
3784:. Watch Tower Society. December 1, 1915. pp. 358–360.
3704:, December 9, 1912; also Feb 7, and March 17, 18, 22, 1913
2319:
Both parents were Presbyterians of Scottish-Irish lineage.
658:
2755:
2278:
The New Schaff–Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge
512:
187:
crisis surrounding Rutherford's leadership of the society
3552:
3484:
1790:
of the various passages represented one year. Russell's
1604:, by then the new president of the Watch Tower Society.
1322:, was published concurrently through the offices of the
2916:"Timeline of Greatest Film History Milestones'..."1914"
581:
Maria Russell filed a suit for legal separation in the
526:
Russell and Ann Eliza Birney, on February 16, 1852, in
3596:
The Bible Student Movement in the Days of C.T. Russell
2281:. Vol. 7. Funk and Wagnalls Co. 1910. p. 374
1964:
in response, issuing it as an extra to the April 1894
3372:
Apocalypse Delayed – The Story of Jehovah's Witnesses
1847:
A pyramid memorial stood near Russell's gravesite in
4023:
3546:
The Bible Student Movement in the Days of CT Russell
2861:
Millennial Dawnism: The Annihilation of Jesus Christ
2765:
Biography of Pastor Russell, Divine Plan of the Ages
2674:
The Bible Student Movement in the Days of CT Russell
2578:
Apocalypse Delayed: The Story of Jehovah's Witnesses
2368:
The Bible Student Movement in the Days of CT Russell
2244:
Apocalypse Delayed: The Story of Jehovah's Witnesses
2204:
515:
509:
3737:
A Great Battle in the Ecclesiastical Heavens, p. 31
2478:"Woman Religious Writer, Resident 16 Years, Passes"
601:, on March 12, 1938, from complications related to
506:
4086:Zion's Watch Tower and Herald of Christ's Presence
3796:Jehovah's Witnesses – Proclaimers of God's Kingdom
3334:
1705:after dying on the cross. He also taught that the
1384:Zion's Watch Tower and Herald of Christ's Presence
156:Zion's Watch Tower and Herald of Christ's Presence
3584:Deaths in the District of Melbourne, in Victoria.
3175:Some early sources cited his death as November 1.
3092:
3090:
2464:Jehovah's Witnesses: Proclaimers of God's Kingdom
2007:. For several years she had written articles for
1969:subvert his work' as a "minister of the gospel".
16:Founder of the Bible Student movement (1852–1916)
4598:
4245:
2343:Jehovah's Witnesses Proclaimers of God's Kingdom
1972:
1890:Joseph Franklin Rutherford § Reorganization
1296:Around January 1876, Russell received a copy of
130:(February 16, 1852 – October 31, 1916), or
3888:Sec. 3, Anti-masonry Frequently Asked Questions
2956:"Society Uses Many Means to Expand Preaching",
2890:. Atlanta, Georgia: Commentary Press. pp.
2415:. University of Toronto Press. pp. 35–40.
3586:Registered by Arthur Fegan. Certificate #13463
3534:May 4, 1906 p. 6, "The Rev. Jellyfish Russell"
3087:
2712:Message to Herald of the Morning subscribers,
2519:Daschke, Dereck and W. Michael Ashcraft, eds.
4231:
2600:
1884:Watch Tower Society presidency dispute (1917)
1460:Tabernacle Shadows of the "Better Sacrifices"
1258:
477:
3518:A Great Battle in the Ecclesiastical Heavens
3120:
3118:
3082:Encyclopedia of Occultism and Parapsychology
1908:as having been built under God's direction.
1502:
3369:
2865:"Pastor" Russell's Position and Credentials
2107:
1981:magazine. According to Russell's successor
1519:Tabernacle Shadows of the Better Sacrifices
1458:which was quickly expanded and reissued as
4238:
4224:
3619:
3558:
3515:
3490:
3280:
3278:
3201:. Constable & Co, London. p. 31.
2777:Great Battle in the Ecclesiastical Heavens
1607:
1320:The Object and Manner of our Lord's Return
1315:Three Worlds and the Harvest of This World
1265:
1251:
484:
470:
38:
3939:"Anti-masonry Frequently Asked Questions"
3798:. Watch Tower Society. 1993. p. 560.
3543:
3478:
3464:A Conspiracy Exposed and Harvest Siftings
3357:Jehovah's Witnesses in the Divine Purpose
3115:
3102:Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon
2686:Jehovah's Witnesses in the Divine Purpose
2664:Zion's Watch Tower, July 15, 1906, p. 230
2331:Jehovah's Witnesses in the Divine Purpose
2210:
1962:A Conspiracy Exposed and Harvest Siftings
1863:, while returning to Brooklyn by train.
1634:
4114:North Side: People: Charles Taze Russell
3824:
3778:"Two Ordinations—One of God, One of Man"
3459:
3457:
3196:
3054:
3026:Russell, Charles Taze (April 26, 1886).
2908:
2442:, Simon & Schuster, 1978, chapter 2.
2018:
1924:
1851:, Pennsylvania until its removal in 2021
1842:
1665:
1343:
4642:American people of Scotch-Irish descent
4051:Biography of Charles Taze Russell from
4026:Official website of Jehovah's Witnesses
3275:
3025:
2556:
2554:
2531:
2529:
2379:
1758:(1823–1904), Russell believed that the
1713:, but the manifestation of God's power.
1588:, but also included interpretations of
4599:
4122: – Database of Russell's writings
3055:Bohstrom, Philippe (August 22, 2018).
2572:
2475:St. Petersburg Times, March 14, 1938.
2410:
2384:. pp. 290–230, reprints p. 3821.
2238:
1393:
500:parents, immigrant Joseph Lytle/Lytel
4219:
4202:December 15, 1884 – October 31, 1916
4103:, Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society
3454:
3124:
2880:
2615:
2313:"Part 1 – Early Voices (1870–1878)".
2223:Before Herzl there was Pastor Russell
1513:in 1881. That year he also published
1333:
4632:American Christian religious leaders
3633:1975 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses
2971:1975 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses
2750:1975 Yearbook of Jehovah's Witnesses
2551:
2526:
2506:Studies in the Scriptures, Volume 4
2299:Prior to the April 1, 1976 issue of
4667:Founders of new religious movements
4273:Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society
4198:Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society
4126:Russell's Last Will & Testament
3153:. Mostholyfaith.com. Archived from
3084:, Gale Group, 2001, Vol. 1, p. 829.
1937:
1872:Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society
1568:The At-one-ment Between God and Men
583:Pennsylvania courts of common pleas
142:, Pennsylvania, and founder of the
13:
4180:1974 Bob Chastain, Master's Thesis
3902:Masonic Emblem and Logo Collection
3310:Millions Now Living Will Never Die
2603:Millions Now Living Will Never Die
2014:
14:
4698:
4682:Religious leaders from Pittsburgh
4084:subscribers 1879 Pittsburgh, Pa;
4017:
3975:"Was Pastor Russell a Freemason?"
3571:Russell v Washington Post Company
3264:Pictures from Russell's Gravesite
2062:
533:The Russells lived for a time in
496:Charles Taze Russell was born to
251:Laymen's Home Missionary Movement
208:Laymen's Home Missionary Movement
4001:
3989:
3967:
3944:
3932:
3920:
3908:
3894:
3880:
3859:
3838:
3812:
3802:
3788:
3770:
3749:
3740:
3731:
3719:
3359:. Watchtower. 1959. p. 313.
3129:. Lulu Enterprises. p. 35.
1957:books under a female pseudonym.
1920:
1515:The Tabernacle and its Teachings
1400:Zion's Watch Tower Tract Society
657:
502:
453:
161:Zion's Watch Tower Tract Society
117:
3707:
3695:
3684:
3672:
3660:
3650:
3638:
3625:
3601:
3589:
3577:
3564:
3537:
3525:
3509:
3496:
3442:
3430:
3414:
3402:
3390:
3363:
3349:
3327:
3315:
3306:Thirty Years a Watchtower Slave
3299:
3257:
3245:
3232:
3215:
3190:
3178:
3169:
3143:
3074:
3048:
3019:
2989:
2982:The Warning Work (1909–1914)",
2976:
2963:
2950:
2932:
2921:
2874:
2854:
2842:
2830:
2818:
2806:
2794:
2782:
2770:
2743:
2731:
2719:
2706:
2691:
2679:
2667:
2658:
2646:
2634:
2620:. Lulu Enterprises. p. 4.
2609:
2594:
2566:
2513:
2500:
2488:
2469:
2445:
2429:
2404:
2392:
2373:
2361:
2348:
2336:
1678:, Vol 1): The Chart of the Ages
1429:
269:Dawn Bible Students Association
212:Dawn Bible Students Association
4687:Watch Tower Society presidents
4465:Supreme Court cases by country
3821:, December 1, 1911 pp. 443–444
3386:. August 15, 1996. p. 31.
2726:Rochester Union and Advertiser
2523:. New York: New York UP, 2005.
2324:
2317:. January 1, 1955. p. 7.
2306:
2293:
2269:
2260:
2232:
2216:
2178:
1:
3846:Russell and The Great Pyramid
2171:
1973:Allegation of immoral conduct
1477:In 1910, the secular journal
1451:Food for Thinking Christians.
633:
217:
4627:American Christian pacifists
4622:20th-century apocalypticists
4617:19th-century apocalypticists
3631:"United States of America",
3341:. Watchtower. 1958. p.
2969:"United States of America",
2563:, March 1, 1923, pp. 68, 71.
1642:justification by faith alone
1511:Food for Thinking Christians
1456:Tabernacle and its Teachings
306:Frank and Ernest (broadcast)
7:
4637:American Christian Zionists
4352:Faithful and discreet slave
4162:from Barbara G. Harrison's
4066:September 20, 2020, at the
3917:Retrieved 17 February 2013.
3679:The King v. John Jacob Ross
3667:The King v. John Jacob Ross
3221:"The Jehovah's Witnesses",
2643:, June 1, 1916, pp. 170–175
2159:
1868:Ross Township, Pennsylvania
1766:(associating them with the
1672:The Divine Plan of the Ages
1623:The Photo-Drama of Creation
1616:The Photo-Drama of Creation
1540:The Divine Plan of the Ages
1454:the same year he published
830:Faithful and discreet slave
608:
568:
319:The Photo-Drama of Creation
10:
4703:
4109:Pyramid at Russell's Grave
4096:, July 1, 1879, Supplement
4092:December 31, 2019, at the
3961:December 18, 2008, at the
3437:Bible Student's Radio Echo
3382:"Questions From Readers".
3337:Your Will Be Done on Earth
3040:: CS1 maint: url-status (
2716:, July 1, 1879, Supplement
1983:Joseph Franklin Rutherford
1896:Joseph Franklin Rutherford
1887:
1881:
1613:
1337:
18:
4657:Former Congregationalists
4571:
4535:
4482:
4473:
4447:
4413:
4375:
4337:
4319:
4281:
4253:
4204:
4194:
4186:
4147:Studies in the Scriptures
4139:Studies in the Scriptures
4101:The Messenger of Laodicea
4047:, A. H. Macmillan, (1957)
4035:January 22, 2021, at the
3955:Convention Report Sermons
3544:Parkinson, James (1975),
3516:Rutherford, J.F. (1915),
2944:January 10, 2010, at the
2918:. Retrieved 15 April 2009
2914:American Movie Classics,
2803:, December 1, 1916 p. 357
2436:Barbara Grizzuti Harrison
2119:Studies in the Scriptures
1877:
1676:Studies in the Scriptures
1528:Studies in the Scriptures
1504:Studies in the Scriptures
1398:In 1881, Russell founded
620:faithful and wise servant
312:Studies in the Scriptures
185:After Russell's death, a
175:Studies in the Scriptures
159:. In 1881, he co-founded
116:
111:
94:
75:
49:
37:
30:
4311:Unfulfilled predicitions
4255:Organizational structure
3905:. Retrieved 29 May 2009.
3877:. Retrieved May 4, 2009.
3856:. Retrieved May 6, 2009.
3835:. Retrieved May 4, 2009.
3757:"Pastor Russell Replies"
3608:The Brooklyn Daily Eagle
3449:When Pastor Russell Died
3296:. Retrieved May 4, 2009.
3098:"Pyramid Shape Monument"
2863:by I.M. Haldeman, 1913;
2728:, October 5, 1895, p. 12
2508:The Battle of Armageddon
2108:Use of Masonic symbolism
2037:The Brooklyn Daily Eagle
1960:Russell wrote a booklet
1838:
1562:The Battle of Armageddon
1364:Alexander Hugh Macmillan
1182:Handling child sex abuse
840:Memorial of Jesus' Death
676:Organizational structure
274:Pastoral Bible Institute
204:Pastoral Bible Institute
21:Charles Thaddeus Russell
4652:Burials in Pennsylvania
3873:April 21, 2009, at the
3427:, Forward, 1928 edition
3269:August 6, 2010, at the
3197:Rogerson, Alan (1969).
2986:, March 1, 1955, p. 143
2605:. Constable. p. 6.
2539:, July 15, 1906, p. 229
2521:New Religious Movements
2482:The Evening Independent
2190:Encyclopædia Britannica
2186:"Russell, Charles Taze"
1929:Russell's tombstone in
1792:Divine Plan of the Ages
1778:, the provision of the
1609:Photo Drama of Creation
1187:Unfulfilled predictions
737:Unfulfilled predictions
626:. After his death, the
528:Allegheny, Pennsylvania
460:Christianity portal
68:Allegheny, Pennsylvania
4647:Bible Student movement
4573:Notable former members
4484:Watch Tower presidents
4291:Bible Student movement
4150:from Biblestudents.com
4131:June 19, 2020, at the
4039:Pastor Russell website
3927:'Charles Taze Russell'
3852:June 18, 2009, at the
3702:The Hamilton Spectator
3421:Great Pyramid Passages
2601:Alan Rogerson (1969).
2146:
2032:
1934:
1852:
1679:
1648:, in the concept of a
1635:Theology and teachings
1560: – later renamed
1538: – later renamed
1468:American Tract Society
1368:
1349:
1100:Notable former members
964:Watch Tower presidents
717:Bible Student movement
144:Bible Student movement
4431:New World Translation
4296:Doctrinal development
4082:Herald of the Morning
3322:Chicago Daily Tribune
3127:A People For His Name
2815:, September 1881 p. 5
2791:, January 1917 p. 128
2740:, June 1, 1916 p. 171
2653:Herald of the Morning
2618:A People For His Name
2544:May 27, 2013, at the
2411:Penton, M.J. (1997).
2166:Back to the Bible Way
2138:
2022:
1928:
1888:Further information:
1846:
1760:Great Pyramid of Giza
1669:
1388:Herald of the Morning
1355:
1347:
1324:Herald of the Morning
1301:Herald of the Morning
905:New World Translation
732:Doctrinal development
548:Congregational Church
4662:Former Presbyterians
4536:Formative influences
4208:Joseph F. Rutherford
4190:William Henry Conley
3598:, 3rd edition, Notes
3439:, February 1929 p. 8
3292:May 8, 2018, at the
3223:Extraordinary groups
3125:Wills, Tony (2006).
3007:on November 20, 2011
2887:Crisis of Conscience
2616:Wills, Tony (2006).
2211:Parkinson & 1975
2192:. September 22, 2006
1752:Charles Piazzi Smyth
1582:The Finished Mystery
1558:The Day of Vengeance
1536:The Plan of the Ages
1404:William Henry Conley
1040:Formative influences
589:. She was granted a
348:William Henry Conley
338:Charles Taze Russell
165:William Henry Conley
128:Charles Taze Russell
54:Charles Taze Russell
32:Charles Taze Russell
4247:Jehovah's Witnesses
4154:St. Paul Enterprise
4120:CT Russell Database
3998:, June 1895, p. 143
3951:"The Temple of God"
3532:The Washington Post
3481:, pp. P-1–P-4.
3252:St. Paul Enterprise
3185:St. Paul Enterprise
2997:"Chart of the Ages"
2510:, 1897, pp. 157–159
2084:court proceedings.
2041:Fincastle, Virginia
2035:On March 22, 1911,
1993:The Washington Post
1810:New York Hippodrome
1546:The Time is at Hand
1470:for the year 1880.
1394:Watch Tower Society
1230:Supreme Court cases
651:Jehovah's Witnesses
539:Presbyterian Church
443:Jehovah's Witnesses
246:Free Bible Students
225:Part of a series on
199:Jehovah's witnesses
146:. He was an early
4301:Leadership dispute
4057:, December 1, 1916
4053:Zion's Watch Tower
4044:Faith on the March
4030:Pastor-Russell.com
3996:Zion's Watch Tower
3819:Zion's Watch Tower
3503:Zion's Watch Tower
3240:Faith on the March
3080:J. Gordon Melton,
2871:by J.J. Ross, 1912
2867:by J.H. Burridge;
2825:Zion's Watch Tower
2813:Zion's Watch Tower
2738:Zion's Watch Tower
2714:Zion's Watch Tower
2699:Faith on the March
2641:Zion's Watch Tower
2537:Zion's Watch Tower
2495:Zion's Watch Tower
2413:Apocalypse Delayed
2399:Pittsburgh Gazette
2382:Zion's Watch Tower
2150:Knights of Pythias
2033:
2009:The People's Paper
1979:Zion's Watch Tower
1966:Zion's Watch Tower
1935:
1901:Zion's Watch Tower
1853:
1722:ruling from heaven
1680:
1656:of Christ, and in
1586:Book of Revelation
1411:. The Society was
1350:
1334:Split with Barbour
722:Leadership dispute
576:Zion's Watch Tower
358:Paul S. L. Johnson
134:, was an American
4594:
4593:
4214:
4213:
4205:Succeeded by
3714:The Toronto Globe
3622:, pp. 29–30.
3370:M. James Penton.
3208:978-0-09-455940-0
3136:978-1-4303-0100-4
2688:, 1959, pp. 18–19
2627:978-1-4303-0100-4
2484:. March 14, 1938.
2422:978-0-8020-7973-2
2124:winged solar-disk
2069:Hamilton, Ontario
2025:Triticum turgidum
1894:In January 1917,
1798:Christian Zionism
1762:was built by the
1726:civilized society
1602:Joseph Rutherford
1424:Warwick, New York
1377:'Christ's ransom'
1340:Nelson H. Barbour
1275:
1274:
1240:
1239:
1194:
1193:
1161:
1160:
1136:George Chryssides
945:
944:
762:
761:
693:and Tract Society
691:Watch Tower Bible
603:Hodgkin's disease
494:
493:
406:Dispensationalism
396:Nontrinitarianism
373:Conrad C. Binkele
353:Nelson H. Barbour
260:Publishing houses
210:in 1919, and the
180:Joseph Rutherford
148:Christian Zionist
125:
124:
64:February 16, 1852
4694:
4502:J. F. Rutherford
4240:
4233:
4226:
4217:
4216:
4187:Preceded by
4184:
4183:
4011:
4008:The New Creation
4005:
3999:
3993:
3987:
3986:
3984:
3982:
3977:. Pastor Russell
3971:
3965:
3948:
3942:
3936:
3930:
3924:
3918:
3912:
3906:
3898:
3892:
3884:
3878:
3863:
3857:
3842:
3836:
3828:
3822:
3816:
3810:
3806:
3800:
3799:
3792:
3786:
3785:
3774:
3768:
3767:
3753:
3747:
3744:
3738:
3735:
3729:
3723:
3717:
3716:, March 18, 1913
3711:
3705:
3699:
3693:
3688:
3682:
3676:
3670:
3664:
3658:
3654:
3648:
3642:
3636:
3629:
3623:
3617:
3611:
3605:
3599:
3593:
3587:
3581:
3575:
3568:
3562:
3556:
3550:
3549:
3541:
3535:
3529:
3523:
3521:
3520:, pp. 18–20
3513:
3507:
3500:
3494:
3488:
3482:
3476:
3467:
3466:, April 25, 1894
3461:
3452:
3446:
3440:
3434:
3428:
3418:
3412:
3406:
3400:
3394:
3388:
3387:
3375:
3367:
3361:
3360:
3353:
3347:
3346:
3340:
3331:
3325:
3319:
3313:
3303:
3297:
3282:
3273:
3261:
3255:
3249:
3243:
3236:
3230:
3219:
3213:
3212:
3194:
3188:
3182:
3176:
3173:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3162:
3157:on April 1, 2019
3147:
3141:
3140:
3122:
3113:
3112:
3110:
3108:
3094:
3085:
3078:
3072:
3071:
3069:
3067:
3052:
3046:
3045:
3039:
3031:
3023:
3017:
3016:
3014:
3012:
3003:. Archived from
2993:
2987:
2980:
2974:
2967:
2961:
2954:
2948:
2936:
2930:
2925:
2919:
2912:
2906:
2905:
2878:
2872:
2858:
2852:
2846:
2840:
2837:Overland Monthly
2834:
2828:
2822:
2816:
2810:
2804:
2798:
2792:
2789:Overland Monthly
2786:
2780:
2774:
2768:
2762:
2753:
2747:
2741:
2735:
2729:
2723:
2717:
2710:
2704:
2695:
2689:
2683:
2677:
2671:
2665:
2662:
2656:
2655:, July 1878 p. 5
2650:
2644:
2638:
2632:
2631:
2613:
2607:
2606:
2598:
2592:
2591:
2574:Penton, M. James
2570:
2564:
2558:
2549:
2533:
2524:
2517:
2511:
2504:
2498:
2492:
2486:
2485:
2473:
2467:
2461:
2455:
2449:
2443:
2433:
2427:
2426:
2408:
2402:
2401:, March 14, 1879
2396:
2390:
2389:
2377:
2371:
2365:
2359:
2355:Overland Monthly
2352:
2346:
2340:
2334:
2328:
2322:
2321:
2310:
2304:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2286:
2273:
2267:
2264:
2258:
2257:
2240:Penton, M. James
2236:
2230:
2220:
2214:
2208:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2182:
1938:Leadership style
1754:(1819–1900) and
1600:, and edited by
1598:George H. Fisher
1574:The New Creation
1552:Thy Kingdom Come
1525:, later renamed
1499:in this period.
1480:Overland Monthly
1366:
1298:Nelson Barbour's
1267:
1260:
1253:
1207:
1206:
1176:
1175:
1128:Notable scholars
992:J. F. Rutherford
960:
959:
788:
787:
672:
671:
661:
638:
637:
525:
524:
521:
520:
517:
514:
511:
508:
486:
479:
472:
458:
457:
368:J. F. Rutherford
300:The New Creation
222:
221:
172:, later renamed
121:
82:
79:October 31, 1916
63:
61:
42:
28:
27:
4702:
4701:
4697:
4696:
4695:
4693:
4692:
4691:
4677:Pyramidologists
4597:
4596:
4595:
4590:
4567:
4531:
4478:
4469:
4443:
4409:
4371:
4333:
4315:
4306:Splinter groups
4277:
4249:
4244:
4210:
4201:
4192:
4133:Wayback Machine
4094:Wayback Machine
4070:, Chicago, 1917
4068:Wayback Machine
4037:Wayback Machine
4020:
4015:
4014:
4006:
4002:
3994:
3990:
3980:
3978:
3973:
3972:
3968:
3963:Wayback Machine
3949:
3945:
3937:
3933:
3925:
3921:
3913:
3909:
3899:
3895:
3885:
3881:
3875:Wayback Machine
3864:
3860:
3854:Wayback Machine
3843:
3839:
3829:
3825:
3817:
3813:
3807:
3803:
3794:
3793:
3789:
3782:The Watch Tower
3776:
3775:
3771:
3761:The Watch Tower
3755:
3754:
3750:
3745:
3741:
3736:
3732:
3726:The Watch Tower
3724:
3720:
3712:
3708:
3700:
3696:
3689:
3685:
3677:
3673:
3665:
3661:
3655:
3651:
3643:
3639:
3630:
3626:
3620:Rutherford 1915
3618:
3614:
3606:
3602:
3594:
3590:
3582:
3578:
3569:
3565:
3559:Rutherford 1915
3557:
3553:
3542:
3538:
3530:
3526:
3514:
3510:
3501:
3497:
3491:Rutherford 1915
3489:
3485:
3477:
3470:
3462:
3455:
3447:
3443:
3435:
3431:
3419:
3415:
3411:, November 1928
3407:
3403:
3399:, February 1927
3395:
3391:
3381:
3368:
3364:
3355:
3354:
3350:
3333:
3332:
3328:
3320:
3316:
3304:
3300:
3294:Wayback Machine
3283:
3276:
3271:Wayback Machine
3262:
3258:
3250:
3246:
3237:
3233:
3220:
3216:
3209:
3195:
3191:
3183:
3179:
3174:
3170:
3160:
3158:
3149:
3148:
3144:
3137:
3123:
3116:
3106:
3104:
3096:
3095:
3088:
3079:
3075:
3065:
3063:
3053:
3049:
3033:
3032:
3024:
3020:
3010:
3008:
2995:
2994:
2990:
2981:
2977:
2968:
2964:
2955:
2951:
2946:Wayback Machine
2937:
2933:
2926:
2922:
2913:
2909:
2902:
2879:
2875:
2859:
2855:
2847:
2843:
2835:
2831:
2823:
2819:
2811:
2807:
2799:
2795:
2787:
2783:
2775:
2771:
2763:
2756:
2748:
2744:
2736:
2732:
2724:
2720:
2711:
2707:
2696:
2692:
2684:
2680:
2672:
2668:
2663:
2659:
2651:
2647:
2639:
2635:
2628:
2614:
2610:
2599:
2595:
2588:
2571:
2567:
2559:
2552:
2546:Wayback Machine
2534:
2527:
2518:
2514:
2505:
2501:
2493:
2489:
2476:
2474:
2470:
2462:
2458:
2450:
2446:
2434:
2430:
2423:
2409:
2405:
2397:
2393:
2378:
2374:
2366:
2362:
2353:
2349:
2341:
2337:
2329:
2325:
2312:
2311:
2307:
2298:
2294:
2284:
2282:
2275:
2274:
2270:
2265:
2261:
2254:
2237:
2233:
2221:
2217:
2209:
2205:
2195:
2193:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2174:
2162:
2131:Cross and Crown
2110:
2065:
2023:Miracle wheat (
2017:
2015:'Miracle Wheat'
1975:
1955:Millennial Dawn
1950:Millennial Dawn
1940:
1923:
1892:
1886:
1880:
1841:
1784:death of Christ
1772:Isaiah 19:19–20
1637:
1618:
1612:
1594:Song of Solomon
1523:Millennial Dawn
1507:
1486:Chinese Almanac
1432:
1396:
1367:
1362:
1342:
1336:
1271:
1242:
1241:
1234:
1231:
1225:
1221:in Nazi Germany
1204:
1196:
1195:
1173:
1163:
1162:
1155:
1121:
1092:
1076:
1060:
1033:
1017:
1001:
985:
957:
947:
946:
939:
900:
867:
844:
824:
806:
785:
784:
764:
763:
727:Splinter groups
695:
692:
669:
636:
611:
571:
505:
501:
490:
452:
447:
429:
425:Annihilationism
377:
363:A. H. Macmillan
324:
278:
255:
220:
170:Millennial Dawn
107:
90:
84:
80:
71:
65:
59:
57:
56:
55:
45:
44:Russell in 1911
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4700:
4690:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4592:
4591:
4589:
4588:
4583:
4577:
4575:
4569:
4568:
4566:
4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4543:William Miller
4539:
4537:
4533:
4532:
4530:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4517:M. G. Henschel
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4488:
4486:
4480:
4479:
4474:
4471:
4470:
4468:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4451:
4449:
4445:
4444:
4442:
4441:
4438:The Watchtower
4434:
4427:
4419:
4417:
4411:
4410:
4408:
4407:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4387:
4381:
4379:
4373:
4372:
4370:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4343:
4341:
4335:
4334:
4332:
4331:
4325:
4323:
4317:
4316:
4314:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4287:
4285:
4279:
4278:
4276:
4275:
4270:
4268:Governing Body
4265:
4259:
4257:
4251:
4250:
4243:
4242:
4235:
4228:
4220:
4212:
4211:
4206:
4203:
4193:
4188:
4182:
4181:
4175:
4157:
4151:
4143:
4135:
4123:
4117:
4111:
4106:
4097:
4077:
4071:
4058:
4055:obituary issue
4048:
4040:
4027:
4019:
4018:External links
4016:
4013:
4012:
4000:
3988:
3966:
3943:
3931:
3919:
3907:
3893:
3879:
3858:
3837:
3823:
3811:
3801:
3787:
3769:
3748:
3739:
3730:
3718:
3706:
3694:
3683:
3671:
3659:
3649:
3637:
3624:
3612:
3600:
3588:
3576:
3563:
3551:
3536:
3524:
3508:
3495:
3483:
3479:Parkinson 1975
3468:
3453:
3441:
3429:
3423:, by John and
3413:
3401:
3389:
3384:The Watchtower
3362:
3348:
3326:
3314:
3298:
3274:
3256:
3244:
3231:
3214:
3207:
3189:
3177:
3168:
3142:
3135:
3114:
3086:
3073:
3047:
3018:
2988:
2984:The Watchtower
2975:
2962:
2949:
2931:
2920:
2907:
2900:
2892:61–62, 206–211
2882:Franz, Raymond
2873:
2853:
2841:
2829:
2817:
2805:
2793:
2781:
2769:
2754:
2742:
2730:
2718:
2705:
2690:
2678:
2676:, 1975, p. A–2
2666:
2657:
2645:
2633:
2626:
2608:
2593:
2586:
2565:
2550:
2525:
2512:
2499:
2487:
2468:
2456:
2444:
2428:
2421:
2403:
2391:
2372:
2370:, 1975, p. A–1
2360:
2347:
2335:
2323:
2315:The Watchtower
2305:
2301:The Watchtower
2292:
2268:
2259:
2252:
2231:
2215:
2203:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2168:
2161:
2158:
2109:
2106:
2064:
2063:Qualifications
2061:
2016:
2013:
1997:Mission Friend
1974:
1971:
1944:Bible Students
1939:
1936:
1933:, Pennsylvania
1922:
1919:
1914:The Watchtower
1879:
1876:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1835:
1825:
1795:
1741:
1714:
1691:
1688:slept in death
1650:Great Apostasy
1636:
1633:
1614:Main article:
1611:
1606:
1578:
1577:
1571:
1565:
1555:
1549:
1543:
1506:
1501:
1431:
1428:
1395:
1392:
1360:
1335:
1332:
1291:George Stetson
1273:
1272:
1270:
1269:
1262:
1255:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1238:
1237:
1236:
1235:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1223:
1218:
1212:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1192:
1191:
1190:
1189:
1184:
1174:
1169:
1168:
1165:
1164:
1159:
1158:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1153:
1148:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1130:
1129:
1125:
1124:
1123:
1122:
1120:
1119:
1114:
1108:
1103:
1102:
1096:
1095:
1094:
1093:
1091:
1090:
1085:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1074:
1069:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1058:
1053:
1051:William Miller
1047:
1042:
1041:
1037:
1036:
1035:
1034:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1015:
1013:M. G. Henschel
1010:
1004:
1002:
1000:
999:
994:
988:
986:
984:
983:
978:
972:
967:
966:
958:
953:
952:
949:
948:
943:
942:
941:
940:
938:
937:
932:
926:
921:
920:
916:
915:
914:
913:
908:
901:
899:
898:
891:
888:The Watchtower
883:
878:
877:
871:
870:
869:
868:
866:
865:
860:
855:
849:
846:
845:
843:
842:
836:
833:
832:
826:
825:
823:
822:
817:
811:
808:
807:
805:
804:
799:
793:
786:
783:
782:
777:
771:
770:
769:
766:
765:
760:
759:
758:
757:
749:
748:
742:
741:
740:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
711:
710:
704:
703:
702:
701:
696:
689:
687:
685:Governing Body
679:
678:
670:
667:
666:
663:
662:
654:
653:
647:
646:
635:
632:
610:
607:
595:St. Petersburg
587:mental cruelty
570:
567:
492:
491:
489:
488:
481:
474:
466:
463:
462:
449:
448:
446:
445:
439:
436:
435:
431:
430:
428:
427:
422:
417:
408:
403:
398:
393:
387:
384:
383:
379:
378:
376:
375:
370:
365:
360:
355:
350:
345:
340:
334:
331:
330:
326:
325:
323:
322:
315:
308:
303:
296:
288:
285:
284:
280:
279:
277:
276:
271:
265:
262:
261:
257:
256:
254:
253:
248:
242:
239:
238:
234:
233:
231:Bible Students
227:
226:
219:
216:
193:Bible Students
138:minister from
132:Pastor Russell
123:
122:
114:
113:
109:
108:
106:
105:
102:
98:
96:
92:
91:
85:
83:(aged 64)
77:
73:
72:
66:
53:
51:
47:
46:
43:
35:
34:
31:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4699:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4604:
4602:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4578:
4576:
4574:
4570:
4564:
4563:N. H. Barbour
4561:
4559:
4558:George Storrs
4556:
4554:
4553:G. W. Stetson
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4540:
4538:
4534:
4528:
4527:R. L. Ciranko
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4497:C. T. Russell
4495:
4493:
4490:
4489:
4487:
4485:
4481:
4477:
4472:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4452:
4450:
4446:
4440:
4439:
4435:
4433:
4432:
4428:
4426:
4425:
4421:
4420:
4418:
4416:
4412:
4406:
4403:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4395:Gilead School
4393:
4391:
4388:
4386:
4383:
4382:
4380:
4378:
4374:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4344:
4342:
4340:
4336:
4330:
4327:
4326:
4324:
4322:
4318:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4288:
4286:
4284:
4280:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4260:
4258:
4256:
4252:
4248:
4241:
4236:
4234:
4229:
4227:
4222:
4221:
4218:
4209:
4200:
4199:
4196:President of
4191:
4185:
4179:
4176:
4173:
4169:
4165:
4161:
4158:
4155:
4152:
4149:
4148:
4144:
4142:
4140:
4136:
4134:
4130:
4127:
4124:
4121:
4118:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4098:
4095:
4091:
4088:
4087:
4083:
4078:
4075:
4072:
4069:
4065:
4062:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4049:
4046:
4045:
4041:
4038:
4034:
4031:
4028:
4025:
4022:
4021:
4009:
4004:
3997:
3992:
3976:
3970:
3964:
3960:
3956:
3952:
3947:
3940:
3935:
3928:
3923:
3916:
3911:
3904:
3903:
3897:
3890:
3889:
3883:
3876:
3872:
3869:
3868:
3867:3pyramidology
3862:
3855:
3851:
3848:
3847:
3841:
3834:
3833:
3827:
3820:
3815:
3805:
3797:
3791:
3783:
3779:
3773:
3766:
3762:
3758:
3752:
3743:
3734:
3727:
3722:
3715:
3710:
3703:
3698:
3692:
3687:
3680:
3675:
3668:
3663:
3653:
3646:
3641:
3634:
3628:
3621:
3616:
3609:
3604:
3597:
3592:
3585:
3580:
3572:
3567:
3561:, p. 20.
3560:
3555:
3547:
3540:
3533:
3528:
3519:
3512:
3504:
3499:
3493:, p. 17.
3492:
3487:
3480:
3475:
3473:
3465:
3460:
3458:
3450:
3445:
3438:
3433:
3426:
3422:
3417:
3410:
3405:
3398:
3393:
3385:
3379:
3374:. p. 61.
3373:
3366:
3358:
3352:
3344:
3339:
3338:
3330:
3323:
3318:
3311:
3307:
3302:
3295:
3291:
3288:
3287:
3281:
3279:
3272:
3268:
3265:
3260:
3253:
3248:
3241:
3235:
3229:
3224:
3218:
3210:
3204:
3200:
3193:
3186:
3181:
3172:
3156:
3152:
3146:
3138:
3132:
3128:
3121:
3119:
3103:
3099:
3093:
3091:
3083:
3077:
3066:September 23,
3062:
3058:
3051:
3043:
3037:
3029:
3022:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2992:
2985:
2979:
2972:
2966:
2959:
2953:
2947:
2943:
2940:
2935:
2929:
2924:
2917:
2911:
2903:
2901:0-914675-23-0
2897:
2893:
2889:
2888:
2883:
2877:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2857:
2850:
2849:The Continent
2845:
2838:
2833:
2826:
2821:
2814:
2809:
2802:
2797:
2790:
2785:
2778:
2773:
2766:
2761:
2759:
2751:
2746:
2739:
2734:
2727:
2722:
2715:
2709:
2702:
2701:, 1957, p. 27
2700:
2694:
2687:
2682:
2675:
2670:
2661:
2654:
2649:
2642:
2637:
2629:
2623:
2619:
2612:
2604:
2597:
2589:
2587:0-8020-7973-3
2583:
2579:
2575:
2569:
2562:
2557:
2555:
2547:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2532:
2530:
2522:
2516:
2509:
2503:
2496:
2491:
2483:
2479:
2472:
2465:
2460:
2453:
2448:
2441:
2437:
2432:
2424:
2418:
2414:
2407:
2400:
2395:
2388:
2383:
2376:
2369:
2364:
2356:
2351:
2345:, 1993, p. 42
2344:
2339:
2333:, 1959, p. 17
2332:
2327:
2320:
2316:
2309:
2302:
2296:
2280:
2279:
2272:
2263:
2255:
2253:0-8020-7973-3
2249:
2245:
2241:
2235:
2228:
2224:
2219:
2212:
2207:
2191:
2187:
2181:
2177:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2157:
2155:
2151:
2145:
2143:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2127:
2125:
2121:
2120:
2115:
2105:
2101:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2074:
2070:
2060:
2056:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2030:
2026:
2021:
2012:
2010:
2006:
2001:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1984:
1980:
1970:
1967:
1963:
1958:
1956:
1952:
1951:
1945:
1932:
1927:
1921:Controversies
1918:
1916:
1915:
1909:
1907:
1906:Great Pyramid
1902:
1897:
1891:
1885:
1875:
1873:
1869:
1864:
1862:
1858:
1850:
1845:
1833:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1819:
1818:God's Kingdom
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1750:(1781–1864),
1749:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1718:Second Coming
1715:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1689:
1685:
1682:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1668:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1655:
1654:Second Coming
1651:
1647:
1643:
1632:
1629:
1625:
1624:
1617:
1610:
1605:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1559:
1556:
1553:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1537:
1534:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1529:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1505:
1500:
1498:
1493:
1491:
1490:The Continent
1487:
1482:
1481:
1475:
1471:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1427:
1425:
1421:
1416:
1414:
1410:
1405:
1401:
1391:
1389:
1385:
1380:
1378:
1374:
1365:
1359:
1354:
1346:
1341:
1331:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1316:
1309:
1306:
1302:
1299:
1294:
1292:
1288:
1287:George Storrs
1284:
1281:
1268:
1263:
1261:
1256:
1254:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1245:
1233:
1227:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1210:
1209:
1208:
1200:
1199:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1178:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1166:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1141:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1132:
1131:
1127:
1126:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1107:
1106:
1105:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1083:N. H. Barbour
1081:
1080:
1078:
1073:
1072:George Storrs
1070:
1068:
1067:G. W. Stetson
1065:
1064:
1062:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1038:
1030:
1029:R. L. Ciranko
1027:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1019:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1003:
998:
995:
993:
990:
989:
987:
982:
981:C. T. Russell
979:
977:
974:
973:
971:
970:
969:
968:
965:
962:
961:
956:
951:
950:
936:
935:Gilead School
933:
931:
928:
927:
925:
924:
923:
922:
918:
917:
912:
909:
907:
906:
902:
897:
896:
892:
890:
889:
885:
884:
882:
881:
880:
879:
876:
873:
872:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
850:
848:
847:
841:
838:
837:
835:
834:
831:
828:
827:
821:
818:
816:
813:
812:
810:
809:
803:
800:
798:
795:
794:
792:
791:
790:
789:
781:
778:
776:
773:
772:
768:
767:
756:
753:
752:
751:
750:
747:
744:
743:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
714:
713:
712:
709:
706:
705:
700:
697:
694:
688:
686:
683:
682:
681:
680:
677:
674:
673:
665:
664:
660:
656:
655:
652:
649:
648:
644:
640:
639:
631:
629:
625:
624:Matthew 24:45
621:
615:
606:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
579:
577:
566:
564:
563:Jonas Wendell
560:
556:
551:
549:
544:
540:
536:
531:
529:
523:
499:
487:
482:
480:
475:
473:
468:
467:
465:
464:
461:
456:
451:
450:
444:
441:
440:
438:
437:
433:
432:
426:
423:
421:
418:
416:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
388:
386:
385:
381:
380:
374:
371:
369:
366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
343:Jonas Wendell
341:
339:
336:
335:
333:
332:
328:
327:
321:
320:
316:
314:
313:
309:
307:
304:
302:
301:
297:
295:
294:
290:
289:
287:
286:
282:
281:
275:
272:
270:
267:
266:
264:
263:
259:
258:
252:
249:
247:
244:
243:
241:
240:
236:
235:
232:
229:
228:
224:
223:
215:
213:
209:
206:in 1918, the
205:
201:
200:
195:
194:
188:
183:
181:
177:
176:
171:
166:
162:
158:
157:
151:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
120:
115:
110:
103:
100:
99:
97:
93:
88:
78:
74:
69:
52:
48:
41:
36:
29:
26:
22:
4672:Haberdashers
4496:
4492:W. H. Conley
4475:
4436:
4429:
4422:
4405:Kingdom Hall
4321:Demographics
4263:Corporations
4195:
4163:
4146:
4138:
4100:
4085:
4081:
4052:
4042:
4010:, pp 580–581
4007:
4003:
3995:
3991:
3979:. Retrieved
3969:
3954:
3946:
3934:
3922:
3910:
3901:
3896:
3887:
3882:
3866:
3861:
3845:
3840:
3831:
3826:
3818:
3814:
3804:
3795:
3790:
3781:
3772:
3764:
3760:
3751:
3742:
3733:
3725:
3721:
3713:
3709:
3701:
3697:
3686:
3678:
3674:
3666:
3662:
3652:
3644:
3640:
3632:
3627:
3615:
3607:
3603:
3595:
3591:
3583:
3579:
3570:
3566:
3554:
3548:, p. 45
3545:
3539:
3531:
3527:
3517:
3511:
3502:
3498:
3486:
3463:
3448:
3444:
3436:
3432:
3425:Morton Edgar
3420:
3416:
3408:
3404:
3396:
3392:
3383:
3377:
3371:
3365:
3356:
3351:
3336:
3329:
3321:
3317:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3285:
3259:
3251:
3247:
3239:
3234:
3222:
3217:
3198:
3192:
3184:
3180:
3171:
3159:. Retrieved
3155:the original
3145:
3126:
3105:. Retrieved
3101:
3081:
3076:
3064:. Retrieved
3060:
3050:
3021:
3011:February 19,
3009:. Retrieved
3005:the original
3001:bible411.com
3000:
2991:
2983:
2978:
2970:
2965:
2957:
2952:
2934:
2923:
2910:
2886:
2876:
2868:
2864:
2860:
2856:
2848:
2844:
2836:
2832:
2824:
2820:
2812:
2808:
2800:
2796:
2788:
2784:
2776:
2772:
2767:, 1918, p. 6
2764:
2749:
2745:
2737:
2733:
2725:
2721:
2713:
2708:
2698:
2693:
2685:
2681:
2673:
2669:
2660:
2652:
2648:
2640:
2636:
2617:
2611:
2602:
2596:
2577:
2568:
2560:
2536:
2520:
2515:
2507:
2502:
2494:
2490:
2481:
2471:
2463:
2459:
2451:
2447:
2439:
2431:
2412:
2406:
2398:
2394:
2385:
2381:
2375:
2367:
2363:
2354:
2350:
2342:
2338:
2330:
2326:
2318:
2314:
2308:
2300:
2295:
2283:. Retrieved
2277:
2271:
2262:
2243:
2234:
2229:2018 Aug 22.
2218:
2206:
2194:. Retrieved
2189:
2180:
2147:
2139:
2135:
2128:
2117:
2111:
2102:
2089:
2086:
2082:
2078:
2072:
2066:
2057:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2036:
2034:
2028:
2024:
2008:
2002:
1996:
1992:
1991:
1987:
1978:
1976:
1965:
1961:
1959:
1954:
1948:
1941:
1912:
1910:
1900:
1893:
1865:
1861:Pampa, Texas
1854:
1828:Spiritualism
1791:
1756:Joseph Seiss
1744:Pyramidology
1675:
1671:
1662:
1638:
1627:
1621:
1619:
1608:
1581:
1579:
1573:
1567:
1561:
1557:
1551:
1545:
1539:
1535:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1508:
1503:
1494:
1489:
1478:
1476:
1472:
1459:
1455:
1450:
1448:
1433:
1430:Publications
1417:
1413:incorporated
1397:
1387:
1383:
1381:
1372:
1369:
1356:
1351:
1323:
1319:
1313:
1310:
1300:
1295:
1276:
1146:James Penton
980:
976:W. H. Conley
930:Kingdom Hall
911:Bibliography
903:
893:
886:
746:Demographics
699:Corporations
627:
616:
612:
580:
575:
572:
552:
543:haberdashery
535:Philadelphia
532:
498:Scotch-Irish
495:
420:Resurrection
337:
317:
310:
298:
291:
283:Publications
197:
191:
184:
173:
169:
154:
152:
131:
127:
126:
87:Pampa, Texas
81:(1916-10-31)
25:
4612:1916 deaths
4607:1852 births
4586:O. R. Moyle
4581:R. V. Franz
4522:D. A. Adams
4512:F. W. Franz
4507:N. H. Knorr
4460:Persecution
4367:The 144,000
4347:Eschatology
4080:Message to
3451:, pp. 26–30
3409:Watch Tower
3397:Watch Tower
3378:Watch Tower
3107:October 22,
2801:Watch Tower
2703:Archive.org
2561:Watch Tower
1776:fall of man
1748:John Taylor
1734:World War I
1707:Holy Spirit
1670:Chart from
1436:New England
1409:colporteurs
1216:Persecution
1117:O. R. Moyle
1112:R. V. Franz
1088:J. N. Darby
1024:D. A. Adams
1008:F. W. Franz
997:N. H. Knorr
820:Eschatology
628:Watch Tower
434:Separations
329:Biographies
237:Communities
95:Occupations
4601:Categories
4548:Henry Grew
4448:Opposition
4415:Literature
4390:Discipline
4357:God's name
4329:By country
3981:January 1,
3161:January 1,
2285:January 1,
2196:January 1,
2172:References
1931:Pittsburgh
1882:See also:
1849:Pittsburgh
1780:Mosaic Law
1738:Armageddon
1703:the Father
1658:Armageddon
1646:Millerites
1488:. In 1912
1338:See also:
1285:ministers
1232:by country
1203:Opposition
1056:Henry Grew
875:Literature
858:Discipline
797:God's name
755:By country
634:Beginnings
591:separation
218:Early life
140:Pittsburgh
60:1852-02-16
4455:Criticism
4377:Practices
4362:Salvation
3506:himself."
2154:Theosophy
2005:Melbourne
1814:Palestine
1716:Christ's
1709:is not a
1699:orthodoxy
1440:Virginias
1305:Allegheny
1283:Adventist
1280:Millerite
1171:Criticism
815:Salvation
780:Practices
561:minister
559:Adventist
401:Atonement
214:in 1929.
136:Adventist
112:Signature
4129:Archived
4090:Archived
4064:Archived
4033:Archived
3959:Archived
3871:Archived
3850:Archived
3290:Archived
3267:Archived
3036:cite web
2942:Archived
2884:(2004).
2576:(1997).
2542:Archived
2466:, p. 642
2242:(1997).
2160:See also
2094:Westcott
2029:mirabile
1995:and the
1857:cystitis
1830:and the
1592:and the
1420:Brooklyn
1361:—
1151:Zoe Knox
668:Overview
643:a series
641:Part of
609:Ministry
569:Marriage
293:The Dawn
4339:Beliefs
4283:History
3832:Masonic
3635:, p. 71
3286:Pyramid
3061:Haaretz
2973:, p. 59
2752:, p. 42
2227:Haaretz
2114:Masonic
1822:Gentile
1764:Hebrews
1695:Trinity
1590:Ezekiel
1497:heretic
1402:, with
1328:rapture
802:144,000
775:Beliefs
708:History
599:Florida
391:Jehovah
382:Beliefs
4476:People
4424:Awake!
4141:Online
4105:, 1919
4024:JW.org
3228:Online
3205:
3133:
2898:
2779:, 1915
2624:
2584:
2419:
2250:
2096:&
1878:Legacy
1832:occult
1782:, the
1768:Hyksos
1730:Israel
1711:person
1576:(1904)
1570:(1899)
1564:(1897)
1554:(1891)
1548:(1889)
1542:(1886)
1438:, the
1373:Herald
955:People
919:Places
895:Awake!
555:creeds
104:pastor
101:Writer
4400:Hymns
4385:Blood
2142:grips
2053:Eagle
2049:Eagle
2045:Eagle
2027:var.
1839:Death
1806:Jacob
1628:Drama
1464:Moses
863:Hymns
853:Blood
622:" of
415:Hades
411:Sheol
163:with
4170:and
3983:2013
3203:ISBN
3163:2013
3131:ISBN
3109:2022
3068:2018
3042:link
3013:2022
2896:ISBN
2622:ISBN
2582:ISBN
2417:ISBN
2287:2013
2248:ISBN
2198:2013
2098:Hort
1802:Jews
1788:inch
1693:The
1684:Hell
1517:and
1444:Ohio
1289:and
413:and
89:, US
76:Died
70:, US
50:Born
3343:337
1674:, (
4603::
4172:VI
4168:IV
3953:,
3780:.
3759:.
3471:^
3456:^
3277:^
3117:^
3100:.
3089:^
3059:.
3038:}}
3034:{{
2999:.
2894:.
2757:^
2553:^
2528:^
2480:.
2438:,
2225:,
2188:.
2152:,
1660:.
1442:,
1426:.
1390:.
645:on
605:.
597:,
519:əl
150:.
4239:e
4232:t
4225:v
4174:.
4076:.
3985:.
3657:5
3522:.
3345:.
3211:.
3165:.
3139:.
3111:.
3070:.
3044:)
3030:.
3015:.
2904:.
2630:.
2590:.
2548:.
2425:.
2289:.
2256:.
2213:.
2200:.
2031:)
1740:.
1266:e
1259:t
1252:v
618:"
522:/
516:t
513:ɪ
510:l
507:ˈ
504:/
485:e
478:t
471:v
62:)
58:(
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
