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Charles Evans Whittaker

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until he dropped out in the ninth grade after his mother died on his sixteenth birthday. He spent the next three years working on a family farm, and also hunting and trapping. Whittaker developed an interest in law by reading newspaper articles about criminal trials. In the summer of 1920, he applied
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On the closely divided Supreme Court, Whittaker was a swing vote. According to Professor Howard Ball, Whittaker was an "extremely weak, vacillating justice" who was "courted by the two cliques on the Court because his vote was generally up in the air and typically went to the group that made the
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last, but not necessarily the best, argument." Whittaker failed to develop a consistent judicial philosophy and reportedly felt himself not as qualified as some of the other members of the Court. After agonizing deeply for months over his vote in
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having been admitted to the Missouri bar during his senior year. Whittaker joined the law firm of Watson, Ess, Marshall & Enggas in Kansas City, Missouri, where he previously worked full-time as an office boy, and built up a practice in
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is the most recent justice to have served in all three levels of the federal judiciary. Whittaker served as Circuit Justice of the Eighth Circuit and the Tenth Circuit for his duration of service on the Supreme Court.
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and spent the next four years working during the day to support himself, while taking high school and law school courses in the evenings. Whittaker's law school classmates included future President
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In 1928, Whittaker married Winifred R. Pugh. They had three sons: Dr. Charles Keith Whittaker, a neurosurgeon; Kent E. Whittaker, an attorney; and Gary T. Whittaker, a stockbroker.
4250: 4132: 2110: 163: 5207: 4999: 4331:, Whittaker recused himself from the case and retired from the Court effective March 31, 1962 due to a certified disability, citing exhaustion from the heavy workload and stress. 5015: 4983: 5223: 4423: 5191: 5175: 5159: 5127: 5079: 4428: 5143: 5095: 5063: 5047: 5031: 6002: 5256: 5111: 4883: 4583: 4285: 53: 4967: 4621: 4413: 2561: 3438: 186: 131: 76: 4272:. He was confirmed by the Senate on June 4, 1956, and received his commission the next day. His service terminated on March 24, 1957, due to his elevation to the 4607: 6007: 4855: 4265: 4140: 3843: 108: 4197: 4120: 2080: 319: 2287: 4334:
As of 2023, Whittaker remains the only Supreme Court Justice appointed from Missouri. He is also the most recently appointed Justice to have received
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on July 7, 1954, and received his commission the next day. His service terminated on June 21, 1956, due to his elevation to the Eighth Circuit.
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Papers of Richard Lawrence Miller, 1998-2001 (materials collected while working on a biography of Supreme Court Justice Charles E. Whittaker:
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also served at all three levels of the federal judiciary, but the court system was configured slightly differently at that time.
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Effective September 30, 1965, Whittaker resigned his position as a retired Justice in order to become chief counsel to
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that advised protesters to use courts instead of taking to the streets. Whittaker died on November 26, 1973, at
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and resigned from the Court. After leaving the Supreme Court, he served as chief counsel to
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Justices and Presidents: A Political History of Appointments to the Supreme Court. 3d. ed.
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Whittaker was nominated by President Eisenhower on March 16, 1956, to a seat on the
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to the part-time evening program at the Kansas City School of Law (currently the
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to Charles Edward Whittaker, a farmer, and Ida Eve Miller, a schoolteacher from
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Judges of the United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri
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The Justices of the United States Supreme Court: Their Lives and Major Opinions
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Whittaker: Struggles of a Supreme Court Justice. Greenwood Publishers, 2001.
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The federal courthouse in downtown Kansas City, Missouri, which houses the
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Whittaker was nominated by President Eisenhower on March 2, 1957, as an
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United States court of appeals judges appointed by Dwight D. Eisenhower
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United States district court judges appointed by Dwight D. Eisenhower
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List of law clerks of the Supreme Court of the United States (Seat 6)
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Judges of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
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United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri
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United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri
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United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri
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United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri
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United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri
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Failing Justice: Charles Evans Whittaker on the Supreme Court.
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List of United States Supreme Court justices by time in office
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Federal judicial service (District Court and Court of Appeals)
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Failing Justice: Charles Evans Whittaker On The Supreme Court
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The Supreme Court Justices: Illustrated Biographies,1789–1995
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Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
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Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
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List of justices of the Supreme Court of the United States
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United States Supreme Court cases during the Warren Court
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from 1957 to 1962. After working in private practice in
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and his followers as lawless. He wrote a piece for the
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The Supreme Court Justices: A Biographical Dictionary.
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in the spring of 1962. At the behest of Chief Justice
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United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
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The Supreme Court Justices: A Biographical Dictionary
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United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
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United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
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United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
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Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court
6003:Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States 4212:. Whittaker graduated in the class of 1924 with a 5907:Also served as Chief Justice of the United States 4380:in Kansas City, Missouri of a ruptured abdominal 5934: 4684:(2nd ed.) (Supreme Court Historical Society), ( 4198:University of Missouri–Kansas City School of Law 4119:(February 22, 1901 – November 26, 1973) was an 4463: 4461: 4459: 4453:Jefferson, N.C: McFarland & Company, 2005. 4300:, and the Supreme Court of the United States. 4917: 4749: 4711:(Leon Friedman and Fred L. Israel, editors) ( 4534: 4097: 4512: 4734:Martin, Fenton S. and Goehlert, Robert U., 4456: 4233:Fraternity and developed close ties to the 3311:National Federation of Independent Business 4924: 4910: 4520:"Supreme Court Nominations (1789-Present)" 4354:. He also became a resolute critic of the 4104: 4090: 3407:Federation for American Immigration Reform 31: 16:US Supreme Court justice from 1957 to 1962 6008:University of Missouri–Kansas City alumni 4801:Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library 4738:, (Congressional Quarterly Books, 1990). 4584:"Whittaker is leaving U.S. Supreme Court" 4170: 4615: 4522:. Washington, D.C.: United States Senate 3703:Russell Kirk Center for Cultural Renewal 66:March 25, 1957 β€“ March 31, 1962 5935: 5255: 4736:The U.S. Supreme Court: A Bibliography 4622:"Charles Whittaker dies; On top court" 4577: 4143:. In 1957, he won confirmation to the 121:June 5, 1956 β€“ March 24, 1957 5254: 4944: 4905: 4475:from the original on November 9, 2018 4245:Whittaker was nominated by President 3446:American Center for Law & Justice 176:July 8, 1954 β€“ June 21, 1956 4441: 4395: 3524:Parents Television and Media Council 2587:Project for the New American Century 2351:Conservative Party of New York State 4404:, is named in memory of Whittaker. 3343:National Association for Gun Rights 13: 5915: 5235: 4945: 4934:Supreme Court of the United States 4655: 4564:Hugo L. Black: Cold Steel Warrior, 4274:Supreme Court of the United States 4249:on May 11, 1954, to a seat on the 4175:Whittaker was born on a farm near 4145:Supreme Court of the United States 3770:Society for American Civic Renewal 3760:Republican Main Street Partnership 3514:National Organization for Marriage 14: 6024: 4786: 4288:of the Supreme Court, to succeed 3529:Susan B. Anthony Pro-Life America 3326:United States Chamber of Commerce 2557:Intercollegiate Studies Institute 2463:Alexis de Tocqueville Institution 4754:. McFarland & Company, 2005. 4279: 4070: 4056: 3683:National Association of Scholars 3519:National Right to Life Committee 3375:Council of Conservative Citizens 2498:Competitive Enterprise Institute 2483:Center for the National Interest 2101:The Closing of the American Mind 2061:The Conscience of a Conservative 359: 4638: 4566:Oxford University Press. 2006. 4015:Don't immanentize the eschaton! 3960:Bibliography of US conservatism 2508:Ethics and Public Policy Center 297: 4600: 4556: 4487: 4345: 4298:United States Court of Appeals 4159:and frequently criticized the 3987:List of American conservatives 3708:Texas Public Policy Foundation 3466:Christian Coalition of America 3402:Center for Immigration Studies 2300:Intelligence and public policy 2218:"Disparate impact" controversy 1: 5953:20th-century American lawyers 4434: 2503:David Horowitz Freedom Center 2468:American Enterprise Institute 38: 5958:20th-century American judges 4612:New York: Garland Pub, 1994. 4373:FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin 4294:United States District Court 3815:Classical education movement 2803:The Imaginative Conservative 7: 4407: 4139:nominated Whittaker to the 4131:, he was nominated for the 3638:Faith and Freedom Coalition 3628:Council for National Policy 3613:American Conservative Union 3601:Young Americans for Liberty 3451:American Family Association 3370:Concerned Women for America 2420:Rhode Island Suffrage Party 10: 6029: 6013:American United Methodists 4542:"Justices 1789 to Present" 4257:. He was confirmed by the 3975:History of US conservatism 3793:Asian and Pacific Islander 3698:Republican Study Committee 3596:Young America's Foundation 3586:National Journalism Center 3434:Alliance Defending Freedom 3348:National Rifle Association 3168:The Washington Free Beacon 3084:Independent Journal Review 2667:New Hampshire Union Leader 2582:Pacific Research Institute 2478:Center for Security Policy 2378:Constitutional Union Party 2346:American Independent Party 5913: 5263: 5250: 5233: 4953: 4940: 4890: 4881: 4873: 4863: 4851: 4843: 4833: 4821: 4813: 4808: 4387: 4366:of the type practiced by 3750:Pacific Justice Institute 3385:Independent Women's Forum 2761:Claremont Review of Books 2733:The American Conservative 2513:Family Research Institute 2430:National Republican Party 2211:White demographic decline 2206:Sub-replacement fertility 2021:The Managerial Revolution 330: 320:Kansas City School of Law 315: 307: 284: 274: 253: 225: 220: 216: 204: 192: 180: 169: 161: 149: 137: 125: 114: 106: 94: 82: 70: 59: 52: 48: 37:Charles Evans Whittaker, 30: 23: 5988:People from Troy, Kansas 4595:Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, 4077:United States portal 3874:Parental rights movement 3551:Franklin News Foundation 3496:Foundation for Moral Law 3316:National Taxpayers Union 3293:Americans for Tax Reform 3265:Sinclair Broadcast Group 2961:One America News Network 2233:Griggs v. Duke Power Co. 2121:The Revolt of the Elites 1991:Democracy and Leadership 339:This article is part of 4686:Congressional Quarterly 4667:Oxford University Press 4627:March 12, 2016, at the 4117:Charles Evans Whittaker 4063:Conservatism portal 3965:Conservative talk radio 3854:Libertarian republicans 3663:John M. Olin Foundation 3623:The Conservative Caucus 3481:Family Research Council 3353:Second Amendment Caucus 2702:The Wall Street Journal 2528:The Heritage Foundation 2031:Ideas Have Consequences 680:America First Committee 464:American exceptionalism 230:Charles Evans Whittaker 25:Charles Evans Whittaker 5920: 5240: 4867:Marion Charles Matthes 4633:Youngstown Vindicator, 4589:March 8, 2021, at the 4495:"Distinguished Alumni" 4368:Martin Luther King Jr. 4323:case, Whittaker had a 4223:Union Pacific Railroad 4171:Early years and career 3534:Thomas More Law Center 3230:The Political Cesspool 3223:Million Dollar Extreme 2740:The American Spectator 2534:Mandate for Leadership 2488:Charles Koch Institute 2398:Conservative Democrats 2387:historically, factions 675:Conservative coalition 670:Conservative Manifesto 575:Peace through strength 550:Judeo-Christian values 156:Marion Charles Matthes 5919: 5239: 5087:Edward Douglass White 4362:, characterizing the 4360:Civil Rights Movement 4306:Ketanji Brown Jackson 4161:Civil Rights Movement 4135:. In 1956, President 4001:Barstool conservatism 3561:Media Research Center 3390:Log Cabin Republicans 3380:Gays Against Groomers 3338:Gun Owners of America 2831:The National Interest 2681:The New York Observer 2622:Witherspoon Institute 2562:James Madison Program 2435:Native American Party 2240:Educational inflation 2161:Why Liberalism Failed 2131:The Death of the West 2091:A Conflict of Visions 2051:The Conservative Mind 1817:LaHaye (Beverly) 727:Republican Revolution 622:Supply-side economics 479:Christian nationalism 5983:Missouri Republicans 5119:Charles Evans Hughes 4766:1994). 590 pp.  4758:Urofsky, Melvin I., 4648:, November 27, 1973. 4259:United States Senate 4247:Dwight D. Eisenhower 4137:Dwight D. Eisenhower 3908:Right-libertarianism 3903:Reactionary feminism 3688:Philadelphia Society 3580:Youth/student groups 3461:Chalcedon Foundation 3056:Front Porch Republic 2712:The Washington Times 2612:Sutherland Institute 2607:State Policy Network 2567:Leadership Institute 2245:Elite overproduction 2192:Demographic futures 2071:A Choice Not an Echo 2011:Our Enemy, the State 1981:Democracy in America 489:Classical liberalism 469:American nationalism 352:in the United States 187:Dwight D. Eisenhower 132:Dwight D. Eisenhower 77:Dwight D. Eisenhower 5103:William Howard Taft 4877:Stanley Forman Reed 4837:Randle Jasper Smith 4750:Smith, Craig Alan. 4661:Abraham, Henry J., 4606:Urofsky, Melvin I. 4378:St. Luke's Hospital 4340:a public law school 4336:his legal education 4290:Stanley Forman Reed 3913:Paleolibertarianism 3844:Hispanic and Latino 3720:America First Legal 3566:O'Keefe Media Group 3491:Focus on the Family 3282:Other organizations 3175:The Western Journal 3161:Washington Examiner 3007:Conservative Review 2925:The Weekly Standard 2918:Washington Examiner 2810:Jewish World Review 2653:Dallas Morning News 2572:Manhattan Institute 2523:Heartland Institute 2518:Gatestone Institute 2493:Claremont Institute 2283:Illegal immigration 2201:Population collapse 2151:The Benedict Option 2041:God and Man at Yale 1068:Bush (George H. W.) 1053:Adams (John Quincy) 538:Gender essentialism 211:Randle Jasper Smith 89:Stanley Forman Reed 5973:Kansas Republicans 5921: 5257:Associate justices 5241: 4847:John Caskie Collet 4764:Garland Publishing 4715:Publishers: 1995) 4646:The New York Times 4364:civil disobedience 4270:John Caskie Collet 4022:Republicans pounce 3829:Dark Enlightenment 3735:Federalist Society 3673:Liberty University 3658:John Birch Society 3618:Bradley Foundation 3546:Econ Journal Watch 3321:Tea Party Patriots 3248:Regnery Publishing 3049:FrontPage Magazine 2602:Rockford Institute 2597:R Street Institute 2547:Hoover Institution 2413:Southern Democrats 2373:Anti-Masonic Party 2356:Constitution Party 2001:I'll Take My Stand 1922:Schlafly (Phyllis) 732:Tea Party movement 690:Goldwater campaign 660:Southern Agrarians 612:Right to bear arms 565:Limited government 543:Complementarianism 144:John Caskie Collet 5930: 5929: 5926: 5925: 5246: 5245: 5199:William Rehnquist 4900: 4899: 4891:Succeeded by 4864:Succeeded by 4834:Succeeded by 4780:978-0-8153-1176-8 4729:978-0-7910-1377-9 4702:978-1-56802-126-3 4499:Tau Kappa Epsilon 4396:Legacy and honors 4325:nervous breakdown 4302:Samuel Blatchford 4286:associate justice 4268:vacated by Judge 4253:vacated by Judge 4231:Tau Kappa Epsilon 4153:nervous breakdown 4114: 4113: 3808:Reconstructionism 3693:Regent University 3653:Hillsdale College 3591:Turning Point USA 3359:Identity politics 2911:Southern Partisan 2887:The New Criterion 2706:(editorial board) 2258:Go woke, go broke 2250:Higher ed. bubble 1917:Schlafly (Andrew) 1852:Mercer (daughter) 1822:LaHaye (Tim) 700:Southern strategy 499:Constitutionalism 334: 333: 257:November 26, 1973 240:February 22, 1901 6020: 5978:Missouri lawyers 5909: 5809: 5663: 5601: 5557: 5273: 5252: 5251: 5183:Warren E. Burger 4991:Oliver Ellsworth 4942: 4941: 4932:Justices of the 4926: 4919: 4912: 4903: 4902: 4874:Preceded by 4858: 4844:Preceded by 4828: 4817:Albert L. Reeves 4814:Preceded by 4806: 4805: 4755: 4707:Frank, John P., 4680:Cushman, Clare, 4649: 4642: 4636: 4635:27 November 1973 4619: 4613: 4604: 4598: 4581: 4575: 4560: 4554: 4553: 4551: 4549: 4538: 4532: 4531: 4529: 4527: 4516: 4510: 4509: 4507: 4505: 4491: 4485: 4484: 4482: 4480: 4465: 4454: 4447:Smith, Craig A. 4445: 4255:Albert L. Reeves 4235:Republican Party 4214:Bachelor of Laws 4193:Troy High School 4106: 4099: 4092: 4079: 4075: 4074: 4073: 4065: 4061: 4060: 4059: 3925:Neo-Confederates 3886:Patriot movement 3859:Militia movement 3678:Moms for Liberty 3575: 3510: 3456:The American TFP 3422:Three Percenters 3307: 3259:The Rubin Report 2930: 2899: 2880:The New Atlantis 2873:The New American 2845:Public Discourse 2824:National Affairs 2747:American Thinker 2726:American Affairs 2674:The Jewish Voice 2552:Hudson Institute 2473:American Compass 2425:Federalist Party 2408:Reagan Democrats 2383:Democratic Party 2361:Republican Party 2320:Managerial state 2188:Multiculturalism 2166: 2156: 2146: 2136: 2126: 2116: 2106: 2096: 2086: 2076: 2066: 2056: 2046: 2036: 2026: 2016: 2006: 1996: 1986: 1073:Bush (George W.) 915:Kuehnelt-Leddihn 582:Moral absolutism 494:Communitarianism 363: 353: 336: 335: 301: 299: 260: 239: 237: 221:Personal details 207: 199:Albert L. Reeves 195: 183: 174: 152: 140: 128: 119: 97: 85: 73: 64: 43: 40: 35: 21: 20: 6028: 6027: 6023: 6022: 6021: 6019: 6018: 6017: 5933: 5932: 5931: 5922: 5911: 5910: 5904: 5902: 5804: 5745:J. M. Harlan II 5658: 5596: 5552: 5268: 5259: 5242: 5231: 5230: 5135:Harlan F. Stone 5071:Melville Fuller 5039:Salmon P. Chase 4949: 4936: 4930: 4896: 4887: 4879: 4869: 4860: 4853: 4849: 4839: 4830: 4823: 4819: 4789: 4658: 4656:Further reading 4653: 4652: 4643: 4639: 4629:Wayback Machine 4620: 4616: 4605: 4601: 4591:Wayback Machine 4582: 4578: 4561: 4557: 4547: 4545: 4540: 4539: 4535: 4525: 4523: 4518: 4517: 4513: 4503: 4501: 4493: 4492: 4488: 4478: 4476: 4467: 4466: 4457: 4446: 4442: 4437: 4410: 4398: 4390: 4358:as well as the 4348: 4321:reapportionment 4282: 4243: 4227:Montgomery Ward 4210:Harry S. Truman 4173: 4110: 4071: 4069: 4068: 4057: 4055: 4054: 4047: 4046: 3996:Colloquialisms 3980:Modern timeline 3950: 3942: 3941: 3879:Fathers' rights 3803:Christian right 3788: 3780: 3779: 3765:The Right Stuff 3573: 3571:Project Veritas 3540:Watchdog groups 3508: 3501:Liberty Counsel 3471:Christian Voice 3365:ACT for America 3305: 3298:Club for Growth 3283: 3275: 3274: 3200:Encounter Books 2928: 2897: 2859:Taki's Magazine 2838:National Review 2660:The Epoch Times 2646:Chicago Tribune 2635: 2627: 2626: 2577:Mises Institute 2458:Acton Institute 2453: 2445: 2444: 2333: 2325: 2324: 2304:Legal theories 2270:Woke capitalism 2228:DEI controversy 2223:CRT controversy 2178: 2170: 2169: 2164: 2154: 2144: 2141:Hillbilly Elegy 2134: 2124: 2114: 2104: 2094: 2084: 2074: 2064: 2054: 2044: 2034: 2024: 2014: 2004: 1994: 1984: 1975: 1967: 1966: 1847:Mercer (father) 1707: 1699: 1698: 1429: 1421: 1420: 1296: 1288: 1287: 1043: 1035: 1034: 745: 737: 736: 710:Reagan Doctrine 640: 632: 631: 602:Property rights 592:Ordered liberty 504:Culture of life 459: 451: 450: 371: 351: 349: 303: 300: 1928) 295: 291: 275:Political party 262: 258: 241: 235: 233: 232: 231: 205: 193: 181: 175: 170: 150: 138: 126: 120: 115: 95: 83: 71: 65: 60: 44: 41: 26: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6026: 6016: 6015: 6010: 6005: 6000: 5995: 5990: 5985: 5980: 5975: 5970: 5965: 5960: 5955: 5950: 5945: 5928: 5927: 5924: 5923: 5914: 5912: 5903: 5901: 5900: 5899:(2022–present) 5894: 5893:(2020–present) 5888: 5887:(2018–present) 5882: 5881:(2017–present) 5876: 5875:(2010–present) 5870: 5869:(2009–present) 5864: 5863:(2006–present) 5858: 5852: 5846: 5845:(1991–present) 5840: 5834: 5828: 5822: 5816: 5810: 5802: 5796: 5790: 5784: 5778: 5772: 5766: 5760: 5754: 5748: 5742: 5736: 5730: 5724: 5718: 5712: 5706: 5700: 5694: 5688: 5682: 5676: 5670: 5664: 5656: 5650: 5644: 5638: 5632: 5626: 5620: 5614: 5608: 5602: 5594: 5588: 5582: 5576: 5570: 5564: 5558: 5550: 5544: 5538: 5532: 5526: 5520: 5514: 5508: 5502: 5496: 5490: 5484: 5478: 5472: 5466: 5460: 5454: 5448: 5442: 5436: 5430: 5424: 5418: 5412: 5406: 5400: 5394: 5388: 5382: 5376: 5370: 5364: 5358: 5352: 5346: 5340: 5334: 5328: 5322: 5316: 5310: 5304: 5298: 5292: 5286: 5280: 5274: 5265: 5264: 5261: 5260: 5248: 5247: 5244: 5243: 5234: 5232: 5229: 5228: 5212: 5196: 5180: 5164: 5151:Fred M. Vinson 5148: 5132: 5116: 5100: 5084: 5068: 5055:Morrison Waite 5052: 5036: 5023:Roger B. Taney 5020: 5004: 4988: 4972: 4955: 4954: 4951: 4950: 4947:Chief justices 4938: 4937: 4929: 4928: 4921: 4914: 4906: 4898: 4897: 4892: 4889: 4880: 4875: 4871: 4870: 4865: 4862: 4850: 4845: 4841: 4840: 4835: 4832: 4820: 4815: 4811: 4810: 4809:Legal offices 4804: 4803: 4788: 4787:External links 4785: 4784: 4783: 4756: 4747: 4732: 4705: 4678: 4657: 4654: 4651: 4650: 4637: 4614: 4599: 4576: 4562:Ball, Howard. 4555: 4533: 4511: 4486: 4455: 4439: 4438: 4436: 4433: 4432: 4431: 4426: 4421: 4416: 4409: 4406: 4397: 4394: 4389: 4386: 4352:General Motors 4347: 4344: 4281: 4278: 4242: 4239: 4172: 4169: 4157:General Motors 4112: 4111: 4109: 4108: 4101: 4094: 4086: 4083: 4082: 4081: 4080: 4066: 4049: 4048: 4045: 4044: 4043: 4042: 4032: 4025: 4018: 4011: 4004: 3994: 3989: 3984: 3983: 3982: 3972: 3967: 3962: 3957: 3951: 3948: 3947: 3944: 3943: 3940: 3939: 3934: 3933: 3932: 3927: 3917: 3916: 3915: 3905: 3900: 3895: 3894: 3893: 3883: 3882: 3881: 3871: 3866: 3861: 3856: 3851: 3846: 3841: 3836: 3831: 3826: 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3052: 3045: 3042:The Federalist 3038: 3031: 3024: 3017: 3010: 3003: 2996: 2989: 2986:Breitbart News 2982: 2969: 2968: 2963: 2958: 2953: 2948: 2943: 2932: 2931: 2921: 2914: 2907: 2900: 2890: 2883: 2876: 2869: 2862: 2855: 2848: 2841: 2834: 2827: 2820: 2813: 2806: 2799: 2792: 2785: 2778: 2771: 2764: 2757: 2750: 2743: 2736: 2729: 2716: 2715: 2708: 2698: 2691: 2684: 2677: 2670: 2663: 2656: 2649: 2636: 2633: 2632: 2629: 2628: 2625: 2624: 2619: 2617:Tax Foundation 2614: 2609: 2604: 2599: 2594: 2589: 2584: 2579: 2574: 2569: 2564: 2559: 2554: 2549: 2544: 2543: 2542: 2537: 2525: 2520: 2515: 2510: 2505: 2500: 2495: 2490: 2485: 2480: 2475: 2470: 2465: 2460: 2454: 2451: 2450: 2447: 2446: 2443: 2442: 2437: 2432: 2427: 2422: 2417: 2416: 2415: 2410: 2405: 2400: 2395: 2380: 2375: 2364: 2363: 2358: 2353: 2348: 2343: 2341:American Party 2334: 2331: 2330: 2327: 2326: 2323: 2322: 2317: 2316: 2315: 2310: 2302: 2297: 2296: 2295: 2290: 2280: 2275: 2274: 2273: 2266: 2254: 2253: 2252: 2247: 2237: 2236: 2235: 2230: 2225: 2215: 2214: 2213: 2208: 2203: 2198: 2190: 2185: 2179: 2176: 2175: 2172: 2171: 2168: 2167: 2157: 2147: 2137: 2127: 2117: 2111:The Bell Curve 2107: 2097: 2087: 2077: 2067: 2057: 2047: 2037: 2027: 2017: 2007: 1997: 1987: 1976: 1973: 1972: 1969: 1968: 1965: 1964: 1959: 1954: 1949: 1944: 1939: 1934: 1929: 1924: 1919: 1914: 1909: 1904: 1899: 1894: 1889: 1884: 1879: 1874: 1869: 1864: 1859: 1854: 1849: 1844: 1839: 1834: 1829: 1824: 1819: 1814: 1809: 1804: 1799: 1794: 1789: 1784: 1779: 1774: 1769: 1764: 1759: 1754: 1749: 1744: 1739: 1734: 1729: 1724: 1719: 1714: 1708: 1705: 1704: 1701: 1700: 1697: 1696: 1691: 1686: 1681: 1676: 1671: 1666: 1661: 1656: 1651: 1646: 1641: 1636: 1631: 1626: 1621: 1616: 1611: 1606: 1601: 1596: 1591: 1586: 1581: 1576: 1571: 1566: 1561: 1556: 1551: 1546: 1541: 1536: 1531: 1526: 1521: 1516: 1511: 1506: 1501: 1496: 1491: 1486: 1481: 1476: 1471: 1466: 1461: 1456: 1451: 1446: 1441: 1436: 1430: 1427: 1426: 1423: 1422: 1419: 1418: 1413: 1408: 1403: 1398: 1393: 1388: 1383: 1378: 1373: 1368: 1363: 1358: 1353: 1348: 1343: 1338: 1333: 1328: 1323: 1318: 1313: 1308: 1303: 1297: 1294: 1293: 1290: 1289: 1286: 1285: 1280: 1275: 1270: 1265: 1260: 1258:Taft (William) 1255: 1250: 1245: 1240: 1235: 1230: 1225: 1220: 1215: 1210: 1205: 1200: 1195: 1190: 1185: 1180: 1175: 1170: 1165: 1160: 1155: 1150: 1145: 1140: 1135: 1130: 1125: 1120: 1115: 1110: 1105: 1100: 1095: 1090: 1085: 1080: 1075: 1070: 1065: 1060: 1055: 1050: 1044: 1041: 1040: 1037: 1036: 1033: 1032: 1027: 1022: 1017: 1012: 1007: 1002: 997: 992: 987: 982: 977: 972: 967: 962: 957: 952: 947: 942: 937: 932: 927: 922: 917: 912: 907: 902: 897: 892: 887: 882: 877: 872: 867: 862: 857: 852: 847: 842: 837: 832: 827: 822: 817: 812: 807: 802: 797: 792: 787: 782: 777: 772: 767: 762: 757: 752: 746: 743: 742: 739: 738: 735: 734: 729: 724: 719: 718: 717: 712: 702: 697: 692: 687: 682: 677: 672: 667: 662: 657: 652: 647: 641: 638: 637: 634: 633: 630: 629: 624: 619: 614: 609: 604: 599: 594: 589: 584: 579: 578: 577: 567: 562: 557: 552: 547: 546: 545: 535: 534: 533: 531:States' rights 523: 518: 513: 512: 511: 501: 496: 491: 486: 484:Civil religion 481: 476: 474:Anti-communism 471: 466: 460: 457: 456: 453: 452: 449: 448: 446:Traditionalist 443: 438: 433: 428: 423: 418: 413: 408: 403: 398: 393: 388: 383: 378: 372: 369: 368: 365: 364: 356: 355: 345: 344: 332: 331: 328: 327: 317: 313: 312: 309: 305: 304: 293: 289: 288: 286: 282: 281: 276: 272: 271: 261:(aged 72) 255: 251: 250: 229: 227: 223: 222: 218: 217: 214: 213: 208: 202: 201: 196: 190: 189: 184: 178: 177: 167: 166: 159: 158: 153: 147: 146: 141: 135: 134: 129: 123: 122: 112: 111: 104: 103: 98: 92: 91: 86: 80: 79: 74: 68: 67: 57: 56: 50: 49: 46: 45: 36: 28: 27: 24: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6025: 6014: 6011: 6009: 6006: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5991: 5989: 5986: 5984: 5981: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5971: 5969: 5966: 5964: 5961: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5944: 5941: 5940: 5938: 5918: 5908: 5898: 5895: 5892: 5889: 5886: 5883: 5880: 5877: 5874: 5871: 5868: 5865: 5862: 5859: 5856: 5853: 5850: 5847: 5844: 5841: 5838: 5835: 5832: 5829: 5826: 5823: 5820: 5817: 5814: 5811: 5808:* (1972–1986) 5807: 5803: 5800: 5797: 5794: 5791: 5788: 5785: 5782: 5779: 5776: 5773: 5770: 5767: 5764: 5761: 5758: 5755: 5752: 5749: 5746: 5743: 5740: 5737: 5734: 5731: 5728: 5725: 5722: 5719: 5716: 5713: 5710: 5707: 5704: 5701: 5698: 5695: 5692: 5689: 5686: 5683: 5680: 5677: 5674: 5671: 5668: 5665: 5662:* (1925–1941) 5661: 5657: 5654: 5651: 5648: 5645: 5642: 5639: 5636: 5633: 5630: 5627: 5624: 5621: 5618: 5615: 5612: 5609: 5606: 5603: 5600:* (1910–1916) 5599: 5595: 5592: 5589: 5586: 5583: 5580: 5577: 5574: 5571: 5568: 5565: 5562: 5559: 5556:* (1894–1910) 5555: 5551: 5548: 5545: 5542: 5539: 5536: 5533: 5530: 5527: 5524: 5521: 5518: 5515: 5512: 5509: 5506: 5503: 5500: 5497: 5494: 5491: 5488: 5485: 5482: 5479: 5476: 5473: 5470: 5467: 5464: 5461: 5458: 5455: 5452: 5449: 5446: 5443: 5440: 5437: 5434: 5431: 5428: 5425: 5422: 5419: 5416: 5413: 5410: 5407: 5404: 5401: 5398: 5395: 5392: 5389: 5386: 5383: 5380: 5377: 5374: 5371: 5368: 5365: 5362: 5359: 5356: 5353: 5350: 5347: 5344: 5341: 5338: 5335: 5332: 5329: 5326: 5323: 5320: 5317: 5314: 5311: 5308: 5305: 5302: 5299: 5296: 5293: 5290: 5287: 5284: 5281: 5278: 5275: 5272:* (1790–1791) 5271: 5267: 5266: 5262: 5258: 5253: 5249: 5238: 5226: 5225: 5220: 5216: 5213: 5210: 5209: 5204: 5200: 5197: 5194: 5193: 5188: 5184: 5181: 5178: 5177: 5172: 5168: 5165: 5162: 5161: 5156: 5152: 5149: 5146: 5145: 5140: 5136: 5133: 5130: 5129: 5124: 5120: 5117: 5114: 5113: 5108: 5104: 5101: 5098: 5097: 5092: 5088: 5085: 5082: 5081: 5076: 5072: 5069: 5066: 5065: 5060: 5056: 5053: 5050: 5049: 5044: 5040: 5037: 5034: 5033: 5028: 5024: 5021: 5018: 5017: 5012: 5008: 5007:John Marshall 5005: 5002: 5001: 4996: 4992: 4989: 4986: 4985: 4980: 4976: 4975:John Rutledge 4973: 4970: 4969: 4964: 4960: 4957: 4956: 4952: 4948: 4943: 4939: 4935: 4927: 4922: 4920: 4915: 4913: 4908: 4907: 4904: 4895: 4886: 4885: 4878: 4872: 4868: 4859: 4857: 4854:Judge of the 4848: 4842: 4838: 4829: 4827: 4824:Judge of the 4818: 4812: 4807: 4802: 4798: 4796: 4791: 4790: 4781: 4777: 4773: 4772:0-8153-1176-1 4769: 4765: 4761: 4757: 4753: 4748: 4745: 4744:0-87187-554-3 4741: 4737: 4733: 4730: 4726: 4722: 4721:0-7910-1377-4 4718: 4714: 4713:Chelsea House 4710: 4706: 4703: 4699: 4695: 4694:1-56802-126-7 4691: 4688:Books, 2001) 4687: 4683: 4679: 4676: 4675:0-19-506557-3 4672: 4668: 4664: 4660: 4659: 4647: 4641: 4634: 4630: 4626: 4623: 4618: 4611: 4610: 4603: 4597:30 March 1962 4596: 4592: 4588: 4585: 4580: 4573: 4572:0-19-507814-4 4569: 4565: 4559: 4543: 4537: 4521: 4515: 4500: 4496: 4490: 4474: 4470: 4464: 4462: 4460: 4452: 4451: 4444: 4440: 4430: 4427: 4425: 4422: 4420: 4417: 4415: 4412: 4411: 4405: 4403: 4393: 4385: 4383: 4379: 4375: 4374: 4369: 4365: 4361: 4357: 4353: 4343: 4341: 4337: 4332: 4330: 4326: 4322: 4319:, a landmark 4318: 4317: 4316:Baker v. Carr 4310: 4307: 4303: 4299: 4295: 4291: 4287: 4280:Supreme Court 4277: 4275: 4271: 4267: 4262: 4260: 4256: 4252: 4248: 4238: 4236: 4232: 4228: 4224: 4220: 4219:corporate law 4215: 4211: 4207: 4203: 4199: 4194: 4190: 4186: 4182: 4178: 4168: 4166: 4162: 4158: 4154: 4150: 4146: 4142: 4138: 4134: 4130: 4126: 4122: 4118: 4107: 4102: 4100: 4095: 4093: 4088: 4087: 4085: 4084: 4078: 4067: 4064: 4053: 4052: 4051: 4050: 4040: 4038: 4033: 4031: 4030: 4026: 4024: 4023: 4019: 4016: 4012: 4009: 4008:Cuckservative 4005: 4002: 3998: 3997: 3995: 3993: 3990: 3988: 3985: 3981: 3978: 3977: 3976: 3973: 3971: 3968: 3966: 3963: 3961: 3958: 3956: 3953: 3952: 3946: 3945: 3938: 3935: 3931: 3928: 3926: 3923: 3922: 3921: 3918: 3914: 3911: 3910: 3909: 3906: 3904: 3901: 3899: 3898:Radical right 3896: 3892: 3889: 3888: 3887: 3884: 3880: 3877: 3876: 3875: 3872: 3870: 3867: 3865: 3862: 3860: 3857: 3855: 3852: 3850: 3847: 3845: 3842: 3840: 3837: 3835: 3832: 3830: 3827: 3823: 3822: 3818: 3817: 3816: 3813: 3809: 3806: 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Johnson 4888:1957–1962 4861:1956–1957 4831:1954–1956 4435:References 4185:Hagerstown 4039:Republican 4037:South Park 3864:Monarchism 3412:NumbersUSA 3332:Gun rights 3028:Daily Wire 2956:Newsmax TV 2817:Modern Age 2782:Chronicles 2768:Commentary 2639:Newspapers 2440:Whig Party 2403:Dixiecrats 2313:Textualism 1974:Literature 1952:Washington 1722:Andreessen 1604:Mac Donald 1489:Derbyshire 1401:Sutherland 1198:Paul (Ron) 1015:Washington 705:Reagan era 597:Patriotism 570:Militarism 526:Federalism 458:Principles 441:Straussian 279:Republican 236:1901-02-22 5885:Kavanaugh 5867:Sotomayor 5806:Rehnquist 5757:Whittaker 5203:1986–2005 5187:1969–1986 5171:1953–1969 5155:1946–1953 5139:1941–1946 5123:1930–1941 5107:1921–1930 5091:1910–1921 5075:1888–1910 5059:1874–1888 5043:1864–1873 5027:1836–1864 5011:1801–1835 4995:1796–1800 4963:1789–1795 4669:, 1992). 4221:with the 3891:Christian 3787:Movements 3574:(defunct) 3509:(defunct) 3306:(defunct) 3287:Economics 3242:Red Scare 3210:The First 3105:LifeZette 2929:(defunct) 2898:(defunct) 2288:and crime 1827:Lindbergh 1802:Krikorian 1706:Activists 1664:Robertson 1644:Podhoretz 1614:Nekrasova 1569:Khachiyan 1494:DiLorenzo 1449:Breitbart 1381:Rehnquist 1356:Kavanaugh 1351:Harlan II 1336:Goldsmith 1283:Wolfowitz 1213:Roosevelt 1178:McConnell 1123:Goldwater 990:Schaeffer 985:Santayana 945:Mansfield 930:Lovecraft 855:Gottfried 835:Eberstadt 722:Redeemers 695:New Right 665:Old Right 645:Loyalists 627:Tradition 316:Education 172:In office 117:In office 62:In office 5849:Ginsburg 5819:O'Connor 5793:Blackmun 5775:Goldberg 5769:B. White 5629:Brandeis 5611:J. Lamar 5554:E. White 5523:L. Lamar 5505:Matthews 5445:Clifford 5439:Campbell 5421:Woodbury 5403:McKinley 5361:Thompson 5313:S. 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Index


Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Stanley Forman Reed
Byron White
United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit
Dwight D. Eisenhower
John Caskie Collet
Marion Charles Matthes
United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Albert L. Reeves
Randle Jasper Smith
Troy
Kansas
Kansas City
Missouri
Republican
Kansas City School of Law
LLB
a series
Conservatism
in the United States


Compassionate
Fiscal
Fusion
Liberal
Libertarian
Moderate
Movement

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