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the
Supreme Soviet, including the President of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, elected, not by the whole population but by the Supreme Soviet and accountable to the Supreme Soviet. Historical experience shows that such a structure of the supreme bodies is the most democratic and safeguards the country against undesirable contingencies."
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The
Presidium of the Soviet Union is, in short, the legislative branch of the great Soviet Union. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) is so great due to its "слава". This translates to glory. It became glorious because of its revolution against the tsar. After this, they started the great
1407:
As party members made up the majority of members of the presidum, in such plenary sessions or extraordinary ones wherein the
Chairman of the Presidium or any high ranking CC-CPSU introduces a relevant CC decision for the resolution of the Presidium or if any decrees would be passed by it, they voted
1403:
to bypass the full
Supreme Soviet and enact major laws as Presidium decrees. While the Supreme Soviet's power of veto was almost never exercised in practice, it was not unheard of for the Politburo to enact Presidium decrees into legislation without even the formality of submitting them to the full
1154:
According to the system of our
Constitution, there must not be an individual President in the U.S.S.R., elected by the whole population on a par with the Supreme Soviet and able to put himself in opposition to the Supreme Soviet. The President of the U.S.S.R. is a collegium, it is the Presidium of
1390:
When the
Supreme Soviet was not in session, the Presidium carried out the Supreme Soviet's ordinary functions. It was also empowered to issue decrees in lieu of law, which were to be submitted to the Supreme Soviet at its next session. If such decrees were not ratified by the Supreme Soviet, they
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thus in the manner prescribed by the
Constitution and laws to wilt that any absolute majority of deputies voting in favor thus approved the law, the same number voting not in favor (not unlike the ones as mentioned before) produced a veto on the draft legislation.
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2358:"KALININ OF RUSSIA DIES AT AGE OF 70; President of Soviet Union for 27 Years Until He Retired on March 19 Owing to Illness POPULAR WITH PEASANTS 'Trouble Shooter' of Country, He Was Known as Salesman for First Five-Year Plan"
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Repeat head of state and vice heads of state are numbered only once; subsequent terms are marked with their original number italicised. Acting heads of state are not numbered. These numbers are not official.
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1950:
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From 1938 to 1989, the chairman of the
Presidium was reckoned as the USSR/Soviet Union's head of state and was sometimes referred to as the "President of the USSR/Soviet Union" in non-Soviet sources.
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organization of nationwide discussion of legislative bills and "other very important matters" in the national level provided that these would be dealt by a plenary of the whole of the
Supreme Soviet.
1132:
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1188:), a secretary, and 20 additional deputies from its two constituent chambers, for a total of 39. The Presidium was accountable to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR for all its activities.
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During discussions in regard to the adoption of the 1936 Constitution of the Soviet Union, on proposition to elect the chairman of the
Presidium in a nationwide election,
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1420:, as in force at the union's dissolution (and thus, at the abolition of the Presidium), the basic powers of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR were:
1224:, as in force as enacted originally (and thus, at the establishment of the Presidium), the basic powers of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR were:
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of his job and appointing Ministers of the USSR (between sessions of the Supreme Soviet) with the subsequent submittal for the Supreme Soviet's approval;
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were to be considered revoked. In practice, the Supreme Soviet's infrequent sessions (it usually sat for only one week per year) and the principles of
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of the Presidium were appointed for the duration of the term of office of the Supreme Soviet. The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the
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dissolution of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on the basis of Article 47 of the 1936 Constitution of the USSR and scheduling new
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in a given region or across the USSR in the interest of defending the USSR or preserving public order and state security.
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Where nation-states come from: institutional change in the age of nationalism by Philip G. Roeder, p. 70
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A convocation in the Soviet sense of the word were elected members of Parliament in between elections.
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By then, most of the Presidium's former powers were reassigned to the whole Supreme Soviet and to the
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and Council of Ministers of the republics of the Union in case there is a discrepancy with the law;
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representation of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR (between its sessions) in its relations with
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2827:[The Minister of Culture of the USSR Pyotr Demichev dies] (in Russian). Peoples.ru (
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On 15 March 1990 most constitutional powers were transferred to the newly created office of
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8:
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1143:. Structure and functions of the presidiums in these republics were virtually identical.
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Ideology, Politics, and Government in the Soviet Union: An Introduction– Google Knihy
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The Presidium of the Supreme Council of the USSR (ПРЕЗИДИУМ ВЕРХОВНОГО СОВЕТА СССР)
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Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
2145:
2110:
2011:
1940:
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2625:[Vasili Vasilyevich Kuznetsov] (in Russian). World History on the Internet
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Memorandum on the Soviet Doctrine and Practice with Respect to the Law of Treaties
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The presidium also dealt with questions regarding the acquisition of the Soviet
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in case of an attack on the USSR or in case when it was necessary to implement
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The Kremlin's Scholar: A Memoir of Soviet Politics under Stalin and Khrushchev
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The Kremlin's Scholar: A Memoir of Soviet Politics under Stalin and Khrushchev
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The Kremlin's Scholar: A Memoir of Soviet Politics under Stalin and Khrushchev
2412:
The Kremlin's Scholar: A Memoir of Soviet Politics under Stalin and Khrushchev
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on its own initiative or at the request of one of the republics of the Union.
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Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
2248:. Although the Chairman's office retained its name, it was now that of a
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of the USSR. In all its activities, the Presidium was accountable to the
1088:(USSR). The presidium was elected by joint session of both houses of the
925:
765:
2252:, not a head of state. Real executive powers were retained by Gorbachev.
2378:
Ideology, Politics, and Government in the Soviet Union: An Introduction
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1732:
1351:
1334:
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at a joint session of both chambers at the first session of each after
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173:
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Religion, state, and politics in the Soviet Union and successor states
1809:
1184:, a first vice-chairman (after 1977), his 15 deputies (one from each
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The Roots of Perestroika: the Soviet Breakdown in Historical Context
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The Roots of Perestroika: the Soviet Breakdown in Historical Context
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The Roots of Perestroika: the Soviet Breakdown in Historical Context
41:
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772:
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Bibliography of the Post Stalinist Soviet Union § Government
2790:
1434:
coordination of the work of the committees of the Supreme Soviet;
453:
2858:
Bibliography of Stalinism and the Soviet Union § Government
2794:
A History of Russia: Peoples, Legends, Events, Forces since 1800
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from foreign diplomatic representatives, accredited in the USSR;
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General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
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Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (1938–1989)
2824:Петр Демичев : Умер министр культуры СССР Петр Демичев
2276:
socialist state of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
1998:
First Vice Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
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appointment and dismissal of the executive command of the
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Badge of Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union
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The Presidium of the Supreme Soviet was elected by the
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was elected Chairman of the Supreme Soviet to replace
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to act on its behalf while the Supreme Soviet was not
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of the USSR and implementing the awarding procedures.
1075:
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had the force of law. It was not unheard of for the
1104:, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet served as the
66:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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2713:
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18:Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union
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2140:Vice Chairman of the Supreme Soviet (1989–1990)
1194:
1115:Beside the all-Union body they were also in all
260:Election by joint session of both houses of the
1424:organization of the work of the Supreme Soviet;
221:Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Union
32:Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Union
2748:
1347:of international treaties, signed by the USSR;
2677:
2646:
2581:
2297:Armstrong, John Alexander (January 1, 1978).
1029:
2791:Evtuhov, Catherine; Stites, Richard (2004).
2707:
2705:
2615:
2613:
2611:
2609:
2551:; Austin, Anthony; Bittner, Stephen (2007).
2477:; Austin, Anthony; Bittner, Stephen (2007).
2443:; Austin, Anthony; Bittner, Stephen (2007).
2409:; Austin, Anthony; Bittner, Stephen (2007).
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1906:Chairman of the Supreme Soviet (1989–1990)
2888:1991 disestablishments in the Soviet Union
2179:List of heads of state of the Soviet Union
1036:
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273:
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1387:, its forfeiting or voluntary rejection.
1337:of international mutual defense treaties;
126:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1997:
1967:
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27:Former legislature of the USSR (1938–90)
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1974:
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1323:declaration of the general and partial
14:
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1985:
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1357:appointment and dismissal of Soviet
1275:Chairman of the Council of Ministers
1139:, etc.) and other regions including
64:adding citations to reliable sources
35:
2218:
1448:
1431:and sessions of the Supreme Soviet;
1086:Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
24:
2893:Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union
2851:
2266:
1199:Its building, situated inside the
25:
2909:
2375:John Alexander Armstrong (1986).
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1956:15 March 1990 – 4 September 1991
1404:Supreme Soviet for ratification.
1295:of the USSR and their assignment.
75:"Presidium of the Supreme Soviet"
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2119:
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1949:
1920:
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1791:9 February 1984 – 11 April 1984
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1738:10 November 1982 – 16 June 1983
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1705:16 June 1977 – 10 November 1982
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1507:17 January 1938 – 19 March 1946
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2712:Bliss Eaton, Katherine (2004).
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2511:Bliss Eaton, Katherine (2004).
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2303:. University Press of America.
2230:
1767:16 June 1983 – 9 February 1984
1666:9 December 1965 – 16 June 1977
1637:15 July 1964 – 9 December 1965
1427:preparation of meetings of the
1411:
1215:
1082:highest body of state authority
1080:) was the standing body of the
1058:Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
142:Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
51:needs additional citations for
2716:Daily Life in the Soviet Union
2515:Daily Life in the Soviet Union
2350:
2334:
2323:
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2095:18 June 1986 – 1 October 1988
2060:7 October 1977 – 18 June 1986
1868:27 July 1985 – 1 October 1988
1815:11 April 1984 – 10 March 1985
1534:19 March 1946 – 15 March 1953
1203:, was appropriately named the
13:
1:
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2238:President of the Soviet Union
2126:1 October 1988 – 25 May 1989
1892:1 October 1988 – 25 May 1989
1844:10 March 1985 – 27 July 1985
1429:Congress of People's Deputies
1418:1977 Constitution of the USSR
1395:meant that Presidium decrees
1222:1936 Constitution of the USSR
1195:The building of the Presidium
951:Political abuse of psychiatry
530:Congress of People's Deputies
231:President of the Soviet Union
2345:International Law Commission
2161:25 May 1989 – 15 March 1990
2028:4 March 1944 – 25 June 1946
1971:
1927:25 May 1989 – 15 March 1990
1452:
1298:realization of the right to
1077:Prezidium Verkhovnogo Soveta
329:Politics of the Soviet Union
7:
2622:Кузнецов Василий Васильевич
2383:University Press of America
2172:
1567:15 March 1953 – 7 May 1960
1159:
1076:
1066:Президиум Верховного Совета
490:Central Executive Committee
147:Президиум Верховного Совета
10:
2914:
2759:Cambridge University Press
2722:Greenwood Publishing Group
2521:Greenwood Publishing Group
1604:7 May 1960 – 15 July 1964
1291:establishment of honorary
1266:of decrees, issued by the
1256:: implementing a national
1166:Supreme Soviet of the USSR
1110:Supreme Soviet of the USSR
29:
2898:Collective heads of state
2799:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
2282:Great Soviet Encyclopedia
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2000:(1944–1946) (1977–1989)
1320:and other special ranks;
1106:collective head of state
1102:1977 Soviet Constitution
661:Administrator of Affairs
2749:Anderson, John (1994).
2686:McFarland & Company
2655:McFarland & Company
2590:McFarland & Company
1003:Soviet Union portal
515:Soviet of Nationalities
2678:Ploss, Sidney (2010).
2647:Ploss, Sidney (2010).
2582:Ploss, Sidney (2010).
1157:
1053:
946:Ideological repression
836:Science and technology
2559:Yale University Press
2485:Yale University Press
2451:Yale University Press
2417:Yale University Press
2250:parliamentary speaker
1968:List of vice chairmen
1443:President of the USSR
1393:democratic centralism
1361:in foreign countries;
1354:of foreign countries;
1211:Constitutional powers
1152:
1051:
379:Collective leadership
205:25 May 1989
1800:Konstantin Chernenko
1492:Mikhail Kalinin
1268:Council of Ministers
1141:autonomous republics
956:Political repression
921:Censorship of images
651:First Deputy Premier
389:Presidential Council
60:improve this article
1375:declaration of the
1366:Letters of Credence
1307:Soviet Armed Forces
971:Suppressed research
961:Population transfer
831:New Economic Policy
510:Soviet of the Union
480:Congress of Soviets
308:55.7523°N 37.6200°E
304: /
2362:The New York Times
2347:. 21 November 1950
1552:Kliment Voroshilov
1331:declaration of war
1054:
705:Procurator General
693:Military Collegium
234:(as head of state)
2831:). Archived from
2808:978-0-395-66073-7
2772:978-0-521-46784-1
2735:978-0-313-31628-9
2695:978-0-7864-4486-1
2664:978-0-7864-4486-1
2599:978-0-7864-4486-1
2568:978-0-300-09206-6
2534:978-0-313-31628-9
2494:978-0-300-09206-6
2460:978-0-300-09206-6
2426:978-0-300-09206-6
2246:Mikhail Gorbachev
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2151:
2116:
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2017:
1983:
1965:
1964:
1946:
1917:
1912:Mikhail Gorbachev
1882:
1877:Mikhail Gorbachev
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1416:According to the
1370:Letters of Recall
1359:plenipotentiaries
1312:establishment of
1280:establishment of
1220:According to the
1205:Kremlin Presidium
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987:
841:Era of Stagnation
783:
782:
668:
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433:General Secretary
418:Central Committee
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283:Kremlin Presidium
227:Succeeded by
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2475:Shepilov, Dmitri
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2165:12th Convocation
2158:
2149:
2146:Anatoly Lukyanov
2134:12th Convocation
2123:
2114:
2111:Anatoly Lukyanov
2099:11th Convocation
2092:
2083:
2068:11th Convocation
2057:
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2044:Vasily Kuznetsov
2032:1st Conversation
2025:
2015:
2012:Nikolai Shvernik
1981:
1972:
1960:12th Convocation
1953:
1944:
1941:Anatoly Lukyanov
1931:12th Convocation
1924:
1915:
1900:12th Convocation
1889:
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1841:
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1829:Vasily Kuznetsov
1819:11th Convocation
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1776:Vasily Kuznetsov
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1742:10th Convocation
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1723:Vasily Kuznetsov
1713:10th Convocation
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1651:Nikolai Podgorny
1634:
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1519:Nikolai Shvernik
1510:1st Convocation
1504:
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1449:List of chairmen
1318:diplomatic ranks
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936:Collectivization
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760:De-Stalinization
734:Marxism–Leninism
729:Soviet democracy
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2852:Further reading
2849:
2848:
2838:
2836:
2835:on 16 July 2011
2825:
2821:
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2801:. p. 474.
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2736:
2710:
2703:
2696:
2688:. p. 217.
2676:
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2657:. p. 216.
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2580:
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2472:
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2453:. p. 441.
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2082:
1993:
1989:Term of office
1980:
1976:
1970:
1943:
1914:
1879:
1855:
1831:
1802:
1778:
1754:
1725:
1688:
1686:Leonid Brezhnev
1674:9th Convocation
1653:
1641:6th Convocation
1624:
1622:Anastas Mikoyan
1612:6th Convocation
1587:
1585:Leonid Brezhnev
1575:5th Convocation
1554:
1542:3rd Convocation
1521:
1494:
1478:
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1470:Term of office
1461:
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394:
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2364:. 4 June 1946.
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2019:
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1516:
1512:
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1508:
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1498:
1489:
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1474:Supreme Soviet
1471:
1468:
1465:
1458:
1450:
1447:
1439:
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1432:
1425:
1413:
1410:
1401:CPSU Politburo
1381:
1380:
1373:
1362:
1355:
1348:
1338:
1328:
1321:
1310:
1303:
1296:
1289:
1278:
1273:relieving the
1271:
1261:
1250:
1243:interpretation
1240:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1201:Moscow Kremlin
1196:
1193:
1161:
1158:
1125:Supreme Soviet
1090:Supreme Soviet
1044:
1043:
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843:
838:
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828:
826:Kosygin reform
823:
821:Five-Year Plan
818:
816:Consumer goods
813:
805:
804:
794:
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790:
787:
786:
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656:Deputy Premier
653:
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628:
623:
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614:
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500:Supreme Soviet
495:
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372:Vice President
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287:Moscow Kremlin
279:
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26:
9:
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2100:
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2062:
2059:
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2045:
2040:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2020:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2004:
2001:
1996:
1982:(Birth–Death)
1973:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1948:
1942:
1936:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1919:
1913:
1909:
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1901:
1897:
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1811:
1807:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1790:
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1777:
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1766:
1763:
1759:
1753:
1752:Yuri Andropov
1747:
1746:
1743:
1737:
1734:
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1724:
1718:
1717:
1714:
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1533:
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1526:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1499:
1493:
1487:
1486:
1481:
1475:
1463:(Birth–Death)
1454:
1446:
1444:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1409:
1405:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1388:
1386:
1378:
1374:
1371:
1367:
1364:receiving of
1363:
1360:
1356:
1353:
1349:
1346:
1342:
1339:
1336:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1322:
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1311:
1308:
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1297:
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1255:
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1244:
1241:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1227:
1226:
1225:
1223:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1156:
1151:
1149:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1137:Ukrainian SSR
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1113:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1078:
1072:
1063:
1059:
1050:
1039:
1034:
1032:
1027:
1025:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1016:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1004:
994:
993:
982:
981:Soviet Empire
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
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934:
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929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
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914:
913:
912:
911:
908:
905:
904:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
874:
872:
871:
868:
867:
863:
862:
857:
856:War communism
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
808:
807:
806:
803:
802:
798:
797:
789:
788:
775:
774:
770:
769:
768:
767:
763:
761:
758:
753:
752:Khrushchevism
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
739:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
726:
725:
724:
719:
714:
713:
706:
703:
701:
698:
694:
691:
690:
689:
688:Supreme Court
686:
684:
681:
680:
674:
673:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
648:
647:
646:
643:
642:
638:
637:
632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
618:
617:
616:
613:
612:
608:
607:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
586:
583:
582:
580:
579:
576:
575:
571:
570:
562:
561:
548:
545:
543:
540:
539:
538:
537:
536:
535:
532:
531:
527:
526:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
507:
506:
505:
502:
501:
497:
496:
491:
488:
487:
486:
485:
482:
481:
477:
476:
468:
467:
455:
452:
450:
447:
445:
442:
441:
439:
438:
435:
434:
430:
429:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
410:
409:
408:
403:
398:
397:
390:
387:
385:
384:State Council
382:
380:
377:
373:
370:
368:
365:
364:
363:
360:
358:
355:
354:
348:
347:
343:
342:
338:
334:
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330:
327:
326:
317:
288:
284:
280:
276:
271:
268:Meeting place
266:
263:
259:
256:
255:Voting system
251:
246:
242:
238:
235:
232:
229:
225:
222:
219:
215:
204:
200:
189:
185:
180:
175:
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166:
161:
157:
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139:
130:
127:
119:
116:November 2022
108:
105:
101:
98:
94:
91:
87:
84:
80:
77: –
76:
72:
71:Find sources:
65:
61:
55:
54:
49:This article
47:
43:
38:
37:
33:
19:
2837:. Retrieved
2833:the original
2817:
2793:
2752:
2744:
2715:
2680:
2673:
2649:
2627:. Retrieved
2584:
2577:
2553:
2543:
2514:
2479:
2469:
2445:
2435:
2411:
2401:
2377:
2370:
2361:
2352:
2336:
2325:
2314:. Retrieved
2299:
2292:
2286:(in Russian)
2232:
2105:
2074:
2046:
2038:
2014:
2006:
1999:
1992:Convocations
1477:Convocations
1440:
1415:
1412:At abolition
1406:
1396:
1389:
1382:
1345:denunciation
1341:ratification
1325:mobilization
1229:promulgation
1219:
1216:At inception
1198:
1190:
1163:
1153:
1145:
1129:Russian SFSR
1114:
1057:
1055:
941:Human rights
931:Gulag system
906:
877:Demographics
864:
799:
771:
764:
639:
609:
574:Constitution
572:
528:
519:
498:
478:
431:
233:
122:
113:
103:
96:
89:
82:
70:
58:Please help
53:verification
50:
2150:(1930–2019)
2115:(1930–2019)
2084:(1917–2010)
2048:(1901–1990)
2016:(1888–1970)
1945:(1930–2019)
1916:(1931–2022)
1881:(1931–2022)
1857:(1909–1989)
1833:(1901–1990)
1804:(1911–1985)
1780:(1901–1990)
1756:(1914–1984)
1727:(1901–1990)
1655:(1903–1983)
1626:(1895–1978)
1556:(1881–1969)
1523:(1888–1970)
1496:(1875–1946)
1385:citizenship
1377:martial law
1352:parliaments
1335:obligations
1247:Soviet laws
1245:of current
1170:convocation
926:Great Purge
892:Phraseology
811:Agriculture
766:Perestroika
641:Premiership
471:Legislature
449:Secretariat
311: /
187:Established
2872:Categories
2839:8 December
2761:. p.
2724:. p.
2629:7 December
2523:. p.
2392:0819154059
2316:2016-11-26
2260:References
1264:abrogation
1258:referendum
1094:in session
976:Red Terror
966:Propaganda
916:Censorship
907:Repression
621:Ministries
611:Government
565:Governance
351:Leadership
299:37°37′12″E
296:55°45′08″N
209:1989-05-25
194:1938-01-17
174:Unicameral
86:newspapers
30:See also:
1986:Portrait
1467:Portrait
1254:elections
1133:Presidium
1121:Presidium
1096:. By the
1071:romanized
882:Education
851:Transport
747:Stalinism
677:Judiciary
520:Presidium
444:Politburo
362:President
248:Elections
202:Disbanded
2829:Lenta.Ru
2173:See also
1397:de facto
1314:military
1186:republic
1182:chairman
1174:deputies
1160:Election
1150:argued:
897:Religion
773:Glasnost
742:Leninism
718:Ideology
631:Cabinets
413:Congress
1233:decrees
1135:of the
1127:of the
1123:of the
1119:(e.g.:
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