777:, the most powerful minister, did not see eye-to-eye with Guo Rong on some issues and prevented him from visiting the capital on more than one occasion. In 952, Guo Rong requested permission to lead an army to quell a rebellion, but Wang Jun vetoed it for fear that Guo Rong would hold too much military power. At the end, Guo Wei had to personally lead the troops as an emperor. It was not until Wang's banishment in early 953 that Guo Rong finally got a chance to come back to the capital, when in April 953 he was named Prince of Jin (
855:, Chai Rong decided to lead the army to fight against the incursion. When Chai Rong engaged Liu Chong at Gao Ping (in modern Jincheng, Shanxi), two of Chai's general Fan Aineng, He Hui fled from battlefield along with their troops. At this critical moment, Chai Rong risked his life to break through the defense and crushed Liu's forces. After this campaign, Chai Rong consolidated his power.
55:
858:
He suffered an early death at the age of 38 when he died from illness while out on the field in 959. He left behind him a six-year-old heir to succeed him. This led to the fall of the dynasty and the rise of the
581:
Emperor
Shizong is considered a highly successful emperor of the Five Dynasties period. He centralized military power by his reforms, and proved his military prowess by a series of victories against
768:
to enforce laws more effectively, winning the support of the people. He also initiated projects to tear down dilapidated street walls and build new public office buildings and residential housings.
807:
in 954 upon his adoptive father's death. Like his father, he was considered an able ruler. He continued reforms introduced by his father. More importantly, he began putting pressure on the
655:
philosophy. When he was an adult, he handled household affairs for Guo Wei, and often went out to do business, traveling back and forth between the
Central China and the Jiangnan area.
1437:
2161:
724:
unexpectedly killed the entire family of Guo Wei as a plot to liquidate the most powerful ministers in his nation. Guo Wei decided to rebel. As Guo Rong's wife Lady Liu (
1430:
705:
border to prevent a possible Liao incursion. Ten days later, his adopted son was appointed
Tianxiong Command's Chief Director of Military Headquarters (
2125:
1423:
742:), they were all slaughtered as well. Guo Wei asked Guo Rong to stay behind at the frontier as he led his main army southbound towards Bianzhou.
2157:
643:
military. The Guos had no sons, so they adopted the quiet nephew as their own. The youngster grew up into a muscular young man skilled at
597:. Although his accomplishments were limited due to his premature death, they paved the way for the eventual unification of large parts of
976:
indicates that he was called Guo Rong at least since 950. However, his original name Chai Rong is far better known in posterity.
1446:
571:
2141:
2195:
2113:
2109:
2101:
145:
711:) to follow him in Weizhou. Chai Rong — by now known as Guo Rong — was also given a nominal post of prefect of Guizhou (
2210:
2200:
1282:
1258:
1216:
2105:
2097:
774:
914:
193:
1234:
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in 947, the Guo family's condition improved dramatically. Guo Wei became the
Commissioner of Military Affairs (
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1407:
1202:
2016:
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664:
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2089:
1976:
1893:
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2081:
1949:
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610:
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2145:
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2085:
1883:
1878:
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1678:
2117:
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2077:
1954:
1322:
606:
602:
764:, Henan). At Chanzhou, he quickly eradicated militarized outlaws in the region and promoted
904:
784:
750:
In a few months, Liu
Chengyou was killed, Later Han was terminated, as Guo Wei founded the
187:
629:). As a child he came to live with his aunt — a younger sister of his father Chai Shouli (
8:
2185:
2180:
1508:
1964:
771:
690:
241:
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203:
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673:) in 948, and his adopted son became the Left Commandant for Palace-gate Security (
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300:
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24:
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Chai
Zongxun, Prince of Liang (梁王 柴宗訓; 14 September 953 - 6 April 1973), 4th son
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to launch an assault on Later Zhou. Against the advice of
Minister
819:
was met in the south as some minor successes were made against the
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1944:
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Guo Rong (posthumously known as
Shizong of Later Zhou) became
2034:
933:
Chai Xian, Prince of Han (韓王 柴諴; d. 24 December 950), 3rd son
864:
754:. Guo Rong became the military governor of Zhenning Command (
739:
698:
626:
109:
54:
907:, of the Fu clan (宣懿符皇后 ;931 – 29 August 956), daughter of
745:
730:) and children including 3 young sons also remained in the
515:
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891:Aunt: Empress Shengmu, of the Chai clan (聖穆皇后 柴氏)
647:, while also possessing a basic understanding of
544:) (27 October 921 – 27 July 959), later known as
2172:
827:, paving the way to eventual unification by the
815:, though nothing substantial came of it. More
578:(Emperor Taizu), whose surname he had adopted.
927:Chai Zongyi (柴宗誼; d. 24 December 950), 1st son
917:, of the Fu clan (小符皇后; 933－993), daughter of
901:Empress Zhen, of the Liu clan (貞惠皇后 劉氏; d.951)
1431:
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706:
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930:Chai Cheng (柴誠; d.24 December 950), 2nd son
863:, which eventually succeeded in reunifying
839:One month after Chai Rong took the throne,
783:). By this time he was again married, to a
621:Chai Rong was born in Xingzhou (邢州; modern
1438:
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1315:Comprehensive Mirror for Aid in Government
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1291:Historical Records of the Five Dynasties
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16:Second emperor of the Later Zhou dynasty
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1029:
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1447:Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period
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1098:
1081:
997:'s and not Later Han's direct control.
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881:Father: Chai Shouli (柴守禮) (biological)
572:Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period
1419:
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1158:
1115:
1070:
1064:
1053:
1040:
1016:
679:). On 4 May 950, Guo was promoted to
1228:
1141:
1135:
760:) and went to Chanzhou (澶州; today's
958:
13:
1541:
795:was born in late 953 in Chanzhou.
605:, founded by his trusted generals
14:
2222:
62:Emperor of the Later Zhou dynasty
1197:
787:, a widowed daughter of general
295:11 February 959 – 30 January 960
290:23 January 958 – 10 February 959
280:15 February 956 – 2 February 957
275:27 January 955 – 14 February 956
53:
1169:
689:) and delegated to garrison at
663:After the establishment of the
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285:3 February 957 – 22 January 958
270:6 February 954 – 26 January 955
265:), continued from Emperor Taizu
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720:In 950, the Later Han emperor
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137:Qing Mausoleum (慶陵; in modern
1:
2126:5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms
1337:"5 DYNASTIES & 10 STATES"
1267:History of the Five Dynasties
1004:
616:
70:26 February 954 – 27 July 959
1232:; et al., eds. (1345).
1009:
7:
2196:10th-century Chinese people
1457:(and other northern states)
1390:Emperor Taizu of Later Zhou
1256:; et al., eds. (974).
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10:
2227:
1190:
942:Chai Xijing (柴熙謹), 6th son
939:Chai Xirang (柴熙讓), 5th son
835:Campaign against Liu Chong
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1629:Emperor Shizong of Liao
1624:Emperor Taizong of Liao
560:Emperor Shizong of Zhou
427:Simplified Chinese
307:Emperor Ruìwǔ Xiàowén (
166:34.5623667; 113.6966333
44:Emperor Shizong of Zhou
734:Bianzhou (汴州; today's
683:of Tianxiong Command (
659:Career under Later Han
194:Empress Fu the Younger
799:Emperor of Later Zhou
639:, an official in the
570:of China, during the
554:), also known by his
1207:. Cambridge, Mass.:
985:Guizhou (貴州; modern
635:) — and her husband
188:Empress Fu the Elder
2206:Generals from Hebei
2191:Later Zhou emperors
1492:Concurrent warlords
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149:34°33′44.52″N
140:
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26:
22:
2114:N. Dynasties
2110:S. Dynasties
2053:Qian Hongzuo
1982:Wang Shenzhi
1922:Yang Longyan
1871:Southern Han
1757:Wang Zongyan
1734:Ten Kingdoms
1715:
1679:Liu Chengjun
1666:Northern Han
1656:Liu Chengyou
1602:Shi Chonggui
1597:Shi Jingtang
1395:
1373:
1366:
1358:
1340:. Retrieved
1326:. Retrieved
1323:"Later Zhou"
1314:
1311:
1305:
1298:(in Chinese)
1290:
1287:
1281:
1274:(in Chinese)
1266:
1263:
1257:
1250:(in Chinese)
1242:
1239:
1233:
1226:(in Chinese)
1203:
1176:
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1159:
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1142:
1137:
1125:
1105:
1100:
1088:
1083:
1071:
1066:
1054:
1030:
995:Southern Han
981:
968:
895:
894:
885:
884:
875:
874:
861:Song dynasty
857:
849:Liao dynasty
845:Northern Han
838:
829:Song dynasty
813:Liao dynasty
809:Northern Han
802:
793:Chai Zongxun
770:
749:
722:Liu Chengyou
719:
703:Liao dynasty
693:(魏州; modern
662:
620:
611:Zhao Guangyi
599:China proper
595:Liao dynasty
583:Northern Han
580:
559:
545:
533:
532:
462:Hanyu Pinyin
292:
287:
282:
277:
272:
267:
210:
208:Chai Zongxun
89:Chai Zongxun
28:
21:Chinese name
2106:16 Kingdoms
1997:Wang Jipeng
1992:Wang Yanjun
1987:Wang Yanhan
1912:Yang Xingmi
1818:Gao Jichong
1808:Gao Baorong
1803:Gao Conghui
1721:Guo Zongxun
1651:Liu Zhiyuan
1617:occupation)
1611:Interregnum
1483:Zhu Youzhen
1465:Later Liang
1283:Wudai Shiji
1254:Xue Juzheng
1126:Wudai Shiji
1031:Wudai Shiji
556:temple name
329:Temple name
164: /
122:(959-07-27)
120:27 July 959
75:Predecessor
25:family name
2186:959 deaths
2181:921 births
2175:Categories
2098:3 Kingdoms
2007:Zhu Wenjin
2002:Wang Yanxi
1861:Ma Xichong
1851:Ma Xiguang
1841:Ma Xisheng
1798:Gao Jixing
1780:Meng Chang
1744:Former Shu
1703:Later Zhou
1689:Liu Jiyuan
1570:Li Conghou
1534:Later Tang
1519:Li Maozhen
1478:Zhu Yougui
1355:Chai Rong
1342:2006-10-08
1328:2006-10-08
1302:Sima Guang
1278:Ouyang Xiu
1199:Mote, F.W.
1005:References
919:Fu Yanqing
909:Fu Yanqing
791:. His son
789:Fu Yanqing
772:Chancellor
752:Later Zhou
641:Later Tang
617:Early life
593:, and the
503:Chaai Wing
482:Ch'ai Jung
476:Wade–Giles
389:(adoptive)
375:Later Zhou
363:(adoptive)
358:(by birth)
242:Given name
190:(dec. 956)
1977:Wang Chao
1894:Liu Chang
1889:Liu Sheng
1813:Gao Baoxu
1767:Later Shu
1752:Wang Jian
1716:Chai Rong
1684:Liu Ji'en
1674:Liu Chong
1639:Later Han
1589:Later Jin
1575:Li Congke
1565:Li Siyuan
1549:Li Keyong
1509:Wang Rong
1362:(954–960)
1259:Wudai Shi
1160:Wudai Shi
1148:vol. 274.
1072:Wudai Shi
1055:Wudai Shi
1010:Citations
924:Unknown:
841:Liu Chong
825:Later Shu
665:Later Han
653:Huang-Lao
587:Later Shu
534:Chai Rong
517:Caai Wing
468:Chái Róng
398:Chai Rong
335:Shìzōng (
253:Era dates
85:Successor
2063:Qian Chu
2043:Qian Liu
1846:Ma Xifan
1560:Li Cunxu
1401:954–959
1304:(1086).
1280:(1073).
1235:Song Shi
1201:(1999).
1182:ch. 291.
1165:ch. 120.
1143:Song Shi
1111:ch. 289.
1094:ch. 288.
1077:ch. 119.
1060:ch. 114.
853:Feng Dao
775:Wang Jun
766:literati
546:Guo Rong
511:Jyutping
258:Xiǎndé (
244:: Róng (
231:: Chái (
141:, Henan)
139:Xinzheng
112:, China)
19:In this
1950:Li Jing
1945:Li Bian
1927:Yang Pu
1917:Yang Wo
1884:Liu Bin
1879:Liu Yan
1856:Ma Xi'e
1790:Jingnan
1711:Guo Wei
1473:Zhu Wen
1230:Toqto'a
1191:Sources
1131:ch. 20.
1036:ch. 12.
991:Guangxi
987:Guigang
974:ch. 289
876:Parents
817:success
805:emperor
785:Lady Fu
736:Kaifeng
732:capital
691:Weizhou
637:Guo Wei
623:Xingtai
601:by the
576:Guo Wei
566:of the
564:emperor
558:as the
538:Chinese
387:Guo Wei
370:Dynasty
293:Year 6:
288:Year 5:
283:Year 4:
278:Year 3:
273:Year 2:
268:Year 1:
229:Surname
127:Kaifeng
106:Xingtai
79:Guo Wei
2138:W. Xia
1836:Ma Yin
1449:rulers
1372:
1317:].
1310:(資治通鑑)
1293:].
1286:(五代史記)
1269:].
1245:].
1215:
871:Family
708:牙內都指揮使
676:左堅門衛將軍
540::
381:Father
212:others
178:Spouse
133:Burial
23:, the
2082:Shang
2035:Wuyue
1955:Li Yu
1374:Died:
1367:Born:
1313:[
1289:[
1265:[
1262:(五代史)
1241:[
952:Notes
921:(符彥卿)
911:(符彥卿)
896:Wives
865:China
740:Henan
699:Hebei
627:Hebei
356:Chai
352:House
223:Names
204:Issue
110:Hebei
67:Reign
2154:Qing
2150:Ming
2146:Yuan
2134:Song
2130:Liao
2122:Tang
2086:Zhou
1615:Liao
1513:Zhao
1406:The
1238:(宋史)
1213:ISBN
823:and
609:and
361:Guo
117:Died
99:Born
30:Chai
2162:PRC
2158:ROC
2142:Jīn
2118:Sui
2102:Jìn
2094:Han
2090:Qin
2078:Xia
2017:Yin
1965:Min
1828:Chu
1543:Jin
1503:Yan
1376:959
1369:921
757:鎮寧軍
717:).
686:天雄軍
670:樞密使
632:柴守禮
47:周世宗
34:Guo
27:is
2177::
2160:/
2156:→
2152:→
2148:→
2144:→
2140:/
2136:/
2132:/
2128:→
2124:→
2120:→
2116:→
2112:/
2108:→
2104:/
2100:→
2096:→
2092:→
2088:→
2084:→
2080:→
1904:Wu
1523:Qi
1211:.
1180:,
1163:,
1146:,
1129:,
1117:^
1109:,
1092:,
1075:,
1058:,
1042:^
1034:,
1018:^
989:,
972:,
960:^
867:.
831:.
780:晉王
738:,
727:劉氏
714:貴州
697:,
625:,
613:.
589:,
585:,
551:郭榮
542:柴榮
321:皇帝
108:,
1613:(
1525:)
1521:(
1515:)
1511:(
1505:)
1501:(
1439:e
1432:t
1425:v
1345:.
1331:.
1221:.
548:(
536:(
437:荣
434:柴
418:榮
415:柴
342:)
340:宗
337:世
323:)
318:文
315:孝
312:武
309:睿
263:德
260:顯
248:)
246:榮
239:)
237:郭
233:柴
38:.
36:)
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