North American Numbering Plan

235:. It was the responsibility of each local administration to devise telephone numbering plans that accommodated the local requirements and growth. As a result, the North American telephone service industry developed into an unorganized set of many differing local numbering systems. The diversity impeded the efficient operation and interconnection of exchanges into a nationwide system for long-distance telephone communication. By the 1940s, the Bell System set out to unify the various existing numbering plans to provide a unified, systematic method for routing telephone calls across the nation and to provide efficient long-distance service that eventually did not require the involvement of switchboard operators. 219: 895:

their leading two characters as guides for customer dialing could no longer be maintained when opening new central offices. By 1962 it was forecast that in 1985 the number of telephones in the nation would equal its population of 280 million and increase to 600 million telephones for 340 million people in 2000. As a result, a few North American telephone administrations, notably New York Telephone Co., first introduced letter combinations that could not be associated with a familiar pronounceable central office name. Finally, they sought the elimination of central office names and letter codes, and introduced

1638:

centers in the same area even if they had relatively few clients in the area. (A rate center is a geographical area used by a Local Exchange Carrier (LEC) to determine the boundaries for local calling, billing and assigning phone numbers. Typically a call within a rate center is local, while a call from one rate center to another is a long-distance call.) Together with aggressive reclamation of unused number blocks from telecom providers, number pooling has reduced the need for additional area codes, so that many previously designated area splits and overlays have been postponed indefinitely.

3091: 2946: 6035: 3029: 2834: 2564: 2685: 2592: 2891: 3001: 2446: 2626: 3056: 2390: 2974: 2918: 2481: 2859: 5770: 2807: 2509: 2653: 2418: 1604:

telephone numbers. More than forty exchanges had territory that straddled the new boundary. As a result, prefixes were duplicated in both area codes, which counteracted much of the benefit of the division, with only 200 of 700 prefixes in area 612 transferring entirely to area 651. In less than two years, area code 612 again exhausted its supply of telephone numbers, and necessitated a three-way division in 2000, creating the new area codes

2776: 2720: 2537: 1410: 5780: 46: 5759: 2748: 507:—became local exchange points in the nationwide system. Each of them was also assigned a three-digit number unique within its NPA. The combination of NPA code and central office code served as a destination routing code for use by operators to reach any central office through the switching network. Due to the numerical structure of the numbering system, each NPA was technically limited to 540 central offices. 5790: 3151: 1491:. Splits were implemented by dividing an area into two or more regions, one of which retained the existing area code and the other areas receiving a new code. In an overlay, multiple codes are assigned to the same geographical area, obviating the need for renumbering of existing services. Subtle variations of these techniques have been used as well, such as 1542:

calls, while the split plan may permit seven-digit dialing within the same area. The transition to ten-digit dialing typically starts with a permissive dialing phase, which is widely publicized, during which dialing all ten digits is optional. After a period of several months, mandatory dialing begins, when seven-digit dialing is no longer permissible.

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even when many fewer numbers were required for each new vendor. Due to the proliferation of service providers in some numbering plan areas, many area codes were threatened with exhaustion of numbering resources. The number blocks of failed service providers often remained unused, as no regulatory mechanism existed to reclaim and reassign these numbers.

1363:). In the past, this has discouraged mobile users from publishing mobile telephone numbers, but by the first decade of the 21st century, most users selected bundle pricing plans that included an allotment of minutes expected to be used in the billing period, and most U.S. carriers since offer unlimited calling plans at mass-market prices. 271:(DDD) was introduced subsequently across the country. By the early 1960s, DDD had become commonplace in cities and most towns in the United States and Canada. By 1967, the number of assigned area codes had increased to 129 as demand for numbers led to splits of some areas and other countries joined the system. 452:. While the dialing of telephone calls by subscribers was common-place in many cities across the continent for local destinations, long-distance telephone calls had to be patched through manually by telephone operators at typically multiple intermediate toll offices using a system known since 1929 as the 1815:

in each plan area, depending on requirements. When multiple NPA codes serve an area in an overlay arrangement, ten-digit (10D) dialing is required. Seven-digit (7D) dialing may be permissible in areas with single area codes. Depending on the requirement of toll alerting, it may be necessary to prefix

1782:

In case of exhaustion, various plans are discussed for expanding the numbering plan. One option is to add the digit 1 or 0 either at the beginning or at the end of the area code, or prefixing it to the seven-digit subscriber number. This would require eleven-digit dialing even for local calls between

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for services, usually by forcing the existing sole service provider to lease infrastructure to other local providers. Because of the original design of the numbering plan and the telephone switching network that assumed only a single provider, number allocations had to be made in 10,000-number blocks

686:

as part of telephone numbers had been a well-established practice, and this was preserved for convenience and expediency in the new network design. The letter-to-digit translations were printed on the face of every rotary dial in the metropolitan areas, according to a scheme designed by W.G. Blauvelt

302:

as early as 1958 by the administrators at AT&T, individual participating countries or territories had no autonomy over their numbering plan as they received centrally assigned central office prefixes that needed to be unique from those of other countries with the same area code. Regions in Mexico

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The program has been implemented in much of the United States by state regulators. Some cities have also implemented rate center consolidation; fewer rate centers resulted in more efficient use of telephone numbers, as carriers would reserve blocks of 1,000 or 10,000 numbers in each of multiple rate

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pricing model adopted in other countries, in which calls to cellular phones are charged at a higher nationwide rate, but incoming mobile calls are not charged to the mobile user, could not be implemented. Instead, North American cellular telephone subscribers are also generally charged for receiving

546:

Traditionally, central office switching systems were designed to serve as many as ten thousand subscriber numbers. Thus, subscribers were assigned four-digit line or station numbers. This rounded the total number of digits in a subscriber telephone number to ten: a three-digit area code, three-digit

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as a regular domestic, low-cost, or toll-free call. The split of 809 (which formerly served all of the Caribbean NANP points) into multiple new area codes created many new, unfamiliar prefixes which could be mistaken for U.S. or Canada domestic area codes but carried high tariffs. In various island

510:

Although the limitation to 540 central offices required the most populous states to be divided into multiple NPAs, it was not the sole reason to subdivide a state. An important aspect was the existing infrastructure for call routing, which had developed during preceding decades, often independently

2311:

Telephone calls between countries and territories of the NANP are not typically charged at domestic rates. For example, most long-distance plans may charge a California subscriber a higher rate for a call to British Columbia than for a call to New York, even though both destinations are within the

894:

The original plan of 1947 had been projected to be usable beyond the year 2000. However, by the late 1950s it became apparent that it would be outgrown by about 1975. The limitations for the usable leading digits of central office codes, imposed by using common names for central office names, and

467:

that unified all local numbering plans into a consistent universal system. Local numbering plans, many of which required only four or five digits to be dialed, or even fewer in small communities, needed to be expanded. but the goal was to enable local telephone companies to make as few changes as

435:

assumed the NANPA function with a one-year bridge contract granted by the FCC with the goal of consolidating the NANPA function with the Pooling Administrator and identifying a long-term contractor. On December 1, 2020, Somos secured the $ 76 million contract for a term of eight years against one

258:

by long-distance operators in establishing calls via trunks between toll offices. The goal of automatic service required additional technical advances in the latest generation of toll-switching systems, completed by the early 1950s, and installation of new toll-switching systems in most numbering

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in the United States, compared to that of Europe, to the subscriber-pays model. In this model the convenience of the mobility is charged to the subscriber. Callers from outside the local-calling region of the assigned number, however, pay for a long-distance call, although domestic long-distance

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Area code and central office prefixes for other non-geographic services have the form 5XX-NXX. As of January 2021, the codes 500, 521, 522, 533, 544, 566, 577, 588, 523, 524, 525, and 526 have been designated. These codes are used for fixed or mobile devices, and not assigned to rate centers. As

3131:

Membership in the NANP still allows visitors between these countries to use familiar dialing procedures without international access codes. Although NANP allows businesses within the member country to use the toll-free number system, most toll-free numbers to the United States and Canada remain

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By 1995, many cities in the United States and Canada had more than one area code, either from dividing a city into different areas (NPA split) or having more than one code for the same area (NPA overlay). The overlay method requires that the area code must be dialed in all cases, even for local

1395:

was specifically assigned for this purpose within the boroughs; however, a Federal court ended the practice and the use of an area code for a specific telephony purpose. Since mobile telephony has been expanding faster than landline use, new area codes typically have a disproportionately large

1603:

mandated that the new boundary exactly follow municipal boundaries, which were distinctly different from telephone exchange boundaries, and that all subscribers keep their seven-digit numbers. These two goals were directly at odds with the reason for the division, namely to provide additional

1579:

Dividing numbering plan areas instead of overlaying generally avoids the requirement for mandatory area code dialing within the new regions, but at the expense of having to convert a region to the new code, which necessitates updating records and directories to accommodate the new numbers. A

230:

in 1876 and throughout the first part of the 20th century, telephone networks grew from essentially local or regional telephone systems. These systems expanded by increasing their subscriber bases, as well as increasing their service areas by implementing additional local exchanges that were

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Depending on the techniques used for area code and central office code relief, the effect on telephone users varies. In areas in which overlays were used, this generally avoids the need for converting telephone numbers, so existing directories, business records, letterheads, business cards,

492:. Some states or provinces needed to be divided into multiple areas. NPAs were created in accordance with principles deemed to maximize customer understanding and minimize dialing effort, while reducing plant cost. Each NPA was identified by a unique three-digit code number, termed the 155:. Eventually, it prepared the continent for direct-dialing of long-distance calls by customers, first possible in 1951 and expanded across the nation during the decades following. AT&T continued to administer the continental numbering plan and the technical infrastructure until the 1629:

was piloted in 2001 as a system for allocating local numbers to carriers in blocks of 1,000 rather than 10,000. Because of the then design of the switched telephone network, this was a considerable technical obstacle. Number pooling was implemented with another technical obstacle,

1518:, was assigned to Canada, but reassigned in 1992. These new area codes, as well as a few other codes used for routing calls to Mexico, were used for telephone area code splits during the late 1980s and early 1990s, as all other area codes using the original plan had been consumed. 511:

of state boundaries. The rules of determining areas also attempted to avoid cutting across busy toll traffic routes, so that most toll traffic remained within an NPA, and outgoing traffic in one area would not be tributary to toll offices in an adjacent area. As a result,

970:. The first cities that required this action, in 1974, were the cities of Los Angeles with area code 213 and New York with 212. This change also required modification of the local dialing procedures to distinguish local calls from long-distance calls with area codes. 1390:

The initial plan for area code overlays did allow for providing separate area codes for use by mobile devices, although these were still assigned to a specific geographical area, and were charged at the same rate as other area codes. Initially, the area code 917 for

1264:. For example, 250 555 0199, a fictional number, could be rendered as 250-555-0199, (250) 555-0199, 250-5550199, or 250/555-0199. The parentheses were originally used to indicate that the area code was not necessary for local dialing. The Government of Canada's 377:. Mexican participation was planned, but implementation stopped after three area codes (706, 903 and 905) had been assigned, and Mexico opted for an international numbering format, using country code 52. The area codes in use were subsequently withdrawn in 1991. 2204:, while countries in Asia and the rest of the world use a variety of other two- or three-digit emergency telephone number combinations. The 112 code is gaining prevalence because of its preprogrammed presence in mobile telephones that conform to the European 1580:

transition period prior to splitting provides a period of "permissive dialing" during which seven-digit dialing is still permitted. Also, many splits involved significant technical issues, considering municipal boundaries and tributary trunking arrangements.

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some of the largest area codes in urban centers might run out of central office prefixes to install more individual access lines. For relief in these cases, they finally eliminated the requirement that the middle digit of the central office code could not be

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After the remaining valid area codes were used up by expansion, in 1995 the rapid increase in the need for more area codes forced the NANPA to allow the digits 2 through 8 to be used as a middle digit in new area code assignments, with 9 being reserved as a

679:, which is essentially a single pulse of loop interruption, was automatically ignored by most switching equipment of the time. Therefore, the 0/1 rule for the area code provided a convenient means to distinguish seven-digit dialing from ten-digit dialing. 3359:. Only 555-0100 through 555-0199 are reserved for fictional use. Where used, these are often routed to information services; Canadian telephone companies briefly promoted 555-1313 as a pay-per-use "name that number" reverse lookup during the mid-1990s. 2051:

code for access to a carrier from a non-subscriber location. The feature requires the customer dial a 950-xxxx number and enter a calling card number and destination telephone number. It was originally used for locations where 101-xxxx dialing was not

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The NANP exhaust analysis estimates that the existing numbering system is sufficient beyond 2049, based on the assumptions that a maximum of 674 NPAs continue to be available, and that on average 3,990 central office codes are needed per year.

1922:

Most areas permit local calls as 1+10D except for Texas, Georgia, and some jurisdictions in Canada which require that landline callers know which numbers are local and which are toll, dialing 10D for local calls and 1+10D for all toll calls.

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had taken advantage of customers' unfamiliarity with pricing to call the legacy regional area code 809. Some scams lured customers from the United States and Canada into placing expensive calls to the Caribbean, by representing area code

2195:

Despite its early importance as a share of the worldwide telephone system, few of the NANP's codes, such as 911, have been adopted outside the system. Determining that 911 requires unnecessary rotation time on rotary dial telephones, the

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Despite the abandonment of telephone exchange names in telephone numbering plans, many telephone dials and keypads maintain a tradition of alphabetic dialing. Pushbuttons from digit 2 to 9 also displays letters, which is standardized in

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indicates that the user may have to dial another prefix per local dialing conventions in the country of origin that selects a trunk for international network access; the digits immediately following are thus the country code, where

3355:, to prevent disturbing actual telephone subscribers if anyone is tempted to dial a telephone number seen or referred to on screen. Not all numbers beginning with 555 are fictional. For example, 555-1212 is the standard number for 3123:

While the United States and Canada generate substantial amounts of the tourists for the Caribbean, and are usually among the main international dialing destinations, most of the Caribbean was incorporated because companies such as

1914:

The number of digits dialed is unrelated to being a local call or a toll call when there is no toll alerting. Allowing 7D local dialing across an area code boundary, which was historically possible but is very rare today, required

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may incur charges to callers. This is because many of the island nations implemented a plan of subsidizing the cost of local telephone services by directly charging higher pricing levies on international long-distance services.

1919:, locally if using toll alerting, across the entire area code otherwise, to avoid assignment of the same seven-digit number on both sides. Landlines occasionally require 1+10D where 10D is required, most notably in California. 408:). This function is overseen by the Federal Communications Commission, which assumed the responsibility upon the end of the Bell System. The FCC solicits private sector contracts for the role of the administrator. 2292:(NANC) to select one or more private-sector candidates for the local number portability administrator (LNPA) function, in a manner akin to the selection of the North American Numbering Plan Administrator (NANPA). 1550:

held there. Atlanta was used as the test case not only because of its size, but also because it had the world's largest fiber-optic network at the time, five times larger than that of New York, and it was home to

1568:

advertising, and "speed-dialing" settings can retain the same telephone numbers, while the overlay is used for new number allocations. The primary effect on telephone users is the necessity of remembering and

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service monopolies being opened to competition, hence decreasing rates. Additionally, many Caribbean territories have implemented local government agencies to regulate telecommunications rates of providers.

2067:

on many step-by-step switches), but these have largely moved to individual unpublished numbers within the standard 958-xxxx (local) or 959-xxxx (long-distance) plant test exchanges as numbers become scarce.

1612:. The division again followed political boundaries, rather than rate center boundaries, resulting in additional split prefixes; a few numbers were transferred from 612 to 651 to 763 in less than two years. 1353:

For cellular services, telephone numbers in the NANP are allocated within each area code from special central office prefixes. Calls to them are billed at the same rate as any other call. Consequently, the

711:

calls to subscribers in another state or numbering plan area. Exceptions existed for communities on NPA boundaries, so that uniform local dialing was still possible in historically established communities.

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Of all states or territories, the U.S. state of California has the largest number of area codes assigned, followed by Texas, Florida and New York, while most countries of the Caribbean use only one. Many

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Recognizing that the proliferation of area codes was due largely to the telecom deregulation act and the assignment of numbers in blocks of ten thousand, the FCC instructed NANPA, by then administered by

147:. The first task was to unify the diverse local telephone numbering plans that had been established during the preceding decades, with the goal to speed call completion times and decrease the costs for 902:

With all-number calling, the number of permissible central office prefixes increased from 540 to potentially 800, but the first two digits of the central office code were still restricted to the range

303:

with high call volumes to and from the US were assigned functional area codes as early as 1963, for the purpose of call routing, but a nationwide system of participation in the NANP eventually failed.

456:. The immediate goal for improvement in the time of call establishment was to provide technology for the originating toll operators to dial calls directly to the destination. This system was known as 3992:, November 1, 1995. Accessed June 8, 2007. "When the first area code, 201, was introduced in New Jersey in 1951, phone-numbering experts thought there would be enough codes with a middle digit of 1304:

The North American Numbering Plan recognizes the need for non-geographic services by designating certain numbering blocks for such purposes. Many of these telephone numbers are selected from the

411:

Before the division of the Bell System, administration of the North American Numbering Plan was performed by AT&T's Central Services Organization. In 1984, this function was transferred to

6186: 1681:

became an NANP member in October 2004. The Dutch possession of Sint Maarten was originally scheduled to join the NANP on May 31, 2010, but the changeover was postponed to September 30, 2011.

444:

The long-range vision of the architects of the North American Numbering Plan was a system by which telephone subscribers in the United States and Canada could themselves dial and establish a

6191: 691:) representation of telephone numbers in most exchanges in North America, or to using an equivalent all-numeric seven-digit numbering plans, as was practiced by some telephone companies. 1470:, and mobile phone communication, as well as the deregulation of local telecommunication services in the United States during the mid-1990s, increased the demand for telephone numbers. 687:

in 1917, that had been used in the Bell System in large metropolitan areas since the early 1920s. The network reorganization standardized this system to using a two-letter, five-digit (

639:

were available in the numbering plan, but were not initially included in assignments. Additional area code patterns were later assigned for other services; for example, the area codes

6156: 2313: 699:

The closed numbering plan did not require the subscriber to dial all digits. When making a local call or a call within the same numbering plan area, the area code was omitted in

1526:

for potential future expansion. At the same time, local exchanges were allowed to use 1 or 0 as a middle digit. The first area codes without a 1 or 0 as the middle digit were

997:

before the change would have dialed 213-555-0123 and after the change 1-213-555-0123, which permitted the use of 213 as an exchange prefix in the San Jose area. The preceding

496:, which was prefixed to the local telephone number when calling from one NPA to another. Calling within the same numbering plan area did not require dialing the area code. 1178:

Using 0 or 1 as the first digit of an area code or central office code is invalid, as is a 9 as the middle digit of an area code; these are trunk prefixes or reserved for

565:. The new numbering plan provided for 152 area codes, each with a capacity to serve as many as 540 central offices. Originally, only eighty-six area codes were assigned. 2220:

has been adopted widely elsewhere, including as the international toll-free country code. It is often preceded by a 0 rather than a 1 in many countries where 0 is the

6792: 4162: 3790: 2330:

nations, premium exchanges such as +1-876-HOT-, +1-876-WET- or +1-876-SEX- (where 876 is Jamaica) became a means to circumvent consumer-protection laws governing

4295: 914:

were reserved as special calling codes. This increased the numbering pool for central office codes to 640, and resulted in the partitioning of the prefix space (

4625: 159:, when administration was delegated to the North American Numbering Plan Administrator (NANPA), a service that has been procured from the private sector by the 1499:, in which a part of the area retained a single code while the rest of the region received an overlay code. The only service-specific overlay in the NANP was 6166: 6136: 5999: 4413: 5034: 4218: 2232:

While direct dialing of international calls was available in some locations in the United States by the late 1950s, a continental system was introduced as

2114:*74 and 1174 — speed dial, which allows someone to quickly dial any of eight frequently called numbers using a one-digit code, from any phone on their line 4326: 3979: 3019: 1503:(New York City) when it was first installed; such service-specific area code assignments were later prohibited by the Federal Communications Commission. 6756: 1462:

Canada and the United States have experienced rapid growth in the number of area codes, particularly between 1990 and 2005. The widespread adoption of

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fraction of mobile and nomadic numbers, although landline and other services rapidly follow and local network portability can blur these distinctions.

6161: 1124:

Covers Canada, the United States, parts of the Caribbean Sea, and some Atlantic and Pacific islands. The area code is often enclosed in parentheses.

891:

was a telephone numbering plan introduced in 1958, that converted telephone numbers with exchange names to a numeric representation of seven digits.

6246: 3420: 89: 35: 6076: 6141: 3425: 1427: 3273:, Michigan not only still uses the 2L-5N format for its number (TYler 8-7100), it uses the format for the toll-free number (1-800-TY8-7100). 1311:

System-wide toll-free calling, for which the receiving party is billed for the call, uses the number range with area codes of the form 8XX.

5742: 5714: 5709: 4734: 2616: 1371:

rates are generally lower than the rates in caller-pays systems. Conversely, an early advantage of caller-pays was the relative absence of

1045: 1036:

In 1995, the North American Numbering Plan Administrator eliminated the requirement that the middle digit of an area code had to be either

168: 1121:(ERC). ERCs designate special services; e.g., 800 for toll-free service. The NANP is not assigning area codes with 9 as the second digit. 6673: 5919: 4515: 4496: 4487: 4355: 4251: 4010: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2326: 1666: 612:

in the middle had to be divided (beginning with New Jersey's 201), but until 1995 all area codes assigned had none other than the digits

2245:

with seven to twelve digits in the national telephone numbers. Access to the international network is facilitated by the dialing prefix

581:. The allocation of area codes was readjusted as early as 1948 to account for inadequacies in some metropolitan areas. For example, the 5989: 1387:

between fixed and wireless services within a region, allowing users to switch to mobile service while keeping their telephone number.

6787: 6091: 4360: 3661:, Volume 2, Part 1, International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee, International Telecommunication Union, 1973, p. 129 3269:

directories until 1983. Some businesses still display a 2L-5N number in advertisements, e.g., the Belvedere Construction Company in

6237: 6009: 5854: 5844: 5826: 3502: 136: 6131: 3291:

In addition to uses in advertising, alphabetic dialing has occasionally influenced the selection of area codes. For example, when

3265:

The letter system was phased out, beginning before 1965, although it persisted ten years later in some places. It was included in

6081: 4639: 1803:. Other proposals include reallocating blocks of numbers assigned to smaller long-distance carriers or unused reserved services. 1773: 1179: 2355:

were assigned based on alphabetic abbreviations of the territory name, as indicated in the third column of the following table (

6782: 6014: 5736: 3791:"Somos, Inc. Is Awarded the North American Numbering Plan Administration and the Pooling Administration Contracts | Somos" 3323:. Similarly, several Caribbean area codes were chosen as an alphabetic abbreviation of the name of the country or its capital. 1315:

addresses, they may or may not traverse the public switched telephone network (PSTN). Applications include the use as personal

6508: 5731: 5721: 5701: 5503: 2209: 2060: 1600: 1546:

was the first U.S. city to require mandatory ten-digit dialing throughout the metropolitan area, coinciding roughly with the

1276: 431:, a company created from Lockheed for this purpose. The contract was renewed in 2004, and again in 2012. On January 1, 2019, 203: 4576: 1669:

exclusively serves the Dominican Republic (along with area codes 829 and 849). The United States Pacific territories of the

4562: 4204: 663:

could not appear in the first two digits of the central office codes, because the system of using the first two letters of

4868: 6146: 5793: 5726: 5572: 3948: 947: 930:

As the numbering plan grew during the 1960s using all-number calling, plan administrators at AT&T identified that by

17: 4128: 1190:

is a valid telephone number; with area code 234, central office prefix (exchange) 235, and line number 5678. The number

6203: 6180: 6126: 6096: 5498: 4388: 2266: 1642: 562: 239: 4302: 3754: 3707: 3602: 222:

Area code handbook issued by many telephone companies in 1962 to promote the newly introduced direct distance dialing.

167:

of local numbering resources. The FCC also serves as the U.S. regulator. Canadian numbering decisions are made by the

6727: 6722: 6468: 6433: 6151: 5592: 3854: 3081: 1449: 547:

central office code, and four digits for each line. This fixed format defined the North American Numbering Plan as a

199: 160: 6610: 6550: 6373: 6121: 5994: 5929: 5864: 5377: 4925: 4727: 3803: 2951: 2873: 2869: 2289: 2157: 2027: 1474: 1117:

The first NYX block is the numbering plan area code. When the second and third digits are the same, the code is an

1510:(TWX) service, were transferred to Western Union in 1969 and were freed for other use in 1981 after conversion to 6739: 6666: 6600: 6458: 6116: 6111: 6106: 5904: 5488: 3676: 2338: 1556: 242:

in coordination with the independent telephone operators. The plan divided most of North America into eighty-six

6086: 4065: 3129: 2111:*71 and 1171 — three-way calling, which lets a person talk to people in two different locations at the same time 1048:, that had already been anticipated since the 1960s, when interchangeable central office codes were sanctioned. 6635: 6615: 6388: 6298: 6101: 6024: 5969: 5939: 5859: 5483: 4333: 3976: 3627:

Mehta, Stephanie N. (1999-02-26). "The Kennedy Space Center Acquires a New Area Code: 3-2-1, as in Blast Off".

2262: 2239:

IDDD was implemented through extensive modifications in the switching systems to accommodate the international

1916: 1431: 1383:

found ways to reduce to zero the marginal cost of each call placed. The integrated numbering plan also enables

218: 3476: 1495:, in which the new code is reserved for a particular type of service, such as cellular phones and pagers, and 6625: 6423: 6418: 6288: 6056: 6004: 5979: 5954: 5914: 5899: 5869: 5508: 3391: 2364: 2282: 2250: 1367: 194:) code and a four-digit station number. The combination of an area code and the telephone number serves as a 69: 2281:. The FCC regulations were enacted on June 27, 1996, with changes to take effect in the one hundred largest 6732: 6518: 6478: 6383: 6358: 6230: 6215: 6071: 6066: 6019: 5959: 5934: 5924: 5879: 5819: 5783: 5544: 5441: 4984: 4779: 4751: 3096: 1662: 1588: 1214:

Each three-digit area code has a capacity of 7,919,900 telephone numbers (7,918,900 in the United States).

412: 389: 2148:

Not all NANP countries use the same codes. For example, the emergency telephone number is not always 911:

1346:, as is customary in some other national telephone administrations. Only one regional exception exists in 6712: 6698: 6640: 6630: 6595: 6579: 6574: 6503: 6448: 6428: 6403: 6393: 6378: 6368: 6353: 6333: 6293: 6283: 5974: 5964: 5944: 5889: 5884: 5874: 5773: 5280: 4720: 3352: 2596: 2352: 1009: 453: 259:

plan areas. The first customer-dialed direct call using an area code was made on November 10, 1951, from

129: 3977:"Now You Can Call, If Your Calls Don't Work Some Business Lines Aren't Set Up To Call To New Area Codes" 6797: 6659: 6620: 6338: 6318: 6313: 6278: 6268: 6061: 5949: 5894: 5632: 5554: 5493: 5200: 3415: 2296: 2031: 1641:

Canada never implemented number pooling, so that even the smallest villages are rate centers and every

1138:

The second NXX block is the central office code. Permissible numbers exclude easily recognizable codes

366: 274:

The status of the network of the 1960s was represented by a new name used for technical documentation:

156: 122: 2233: 2092:

harassing, threatening, abusive, obscene, etc. phone calls, and keep results of trace at phone company

186:

unique only within its respective numbering plan area. The telephone number consists of a three-digit

6705: 6605: 6453: 6408: 6348: 5984: 5909: 5404: 5365: 5210: 5110: 5039: 4972: 4799: 1342:

The North American Numbering Plan does not reserve special non-geographic area codes exclusively for

600:

Initially, states divided into multiple numbering plan areas were assigned area codes with the digit

338: 178:(NPAs) which are encoded numerically with a three-digit telephone number prefix, commonly termed the 79: 3550: 2467: 1988:— local telephone directory service; some telephone companies provide national directory assistance. 6483: 5763: 5005: 4940: 4893: 4853: 4374: 3362:

Occasionally, valid telephone numbers are used as song titles. One of the earliest examples is the

3034: 2839: 2278: 1670: 1654: 1631: 1384: 683: 464: 322:

and their continued associations with Canada, especially during the years of the telegraph and the

227: 106: 604:

in the second position, while areas that comprised entire states or provinces received codes with

6488: 6443: 6343: 6223: 5812: 5602: 5587: 5431: 5382: 5305: 5205: 4883: 4769: 4764: 3629: 3445: 3320: 2081:*51 and 1151 — a history of unanswered calls on a telephone number, useful for those who are not 2001: 1507: 1420: 268: 4549: 4534: 4482: 4467: 476:

The new numbering plan divided the North American continent into regional service areas, termed

6513: 6328: 6308: 5524: 5310: 5125: 5070: 5065: 4878: 4843: 3340: 2569: 2274: 2037: 1951: 1218: 420: 31: 4626:"Call 658 ... Jamaica gets additional area code, 10-digit dialling becomes mandatory May 2018" 3656: 1963:

01 — international access code using operator assistance for all destinations outside the NANP

1473:

The Federal Communications Commission allowed telecommunication companies to compete with the

561:

In 1947, AT&T completed the new design for a nationwide toll network that established the

5426: 5230: 5195: 5115: 5095: 5017: 4905: 4826: 2896: 2138: 2074: 1967: 1596: 1002: 644: 549: 457: 260: 255: 163:(FCC) in the United States. Each participating country forms a regulatory authority that has 148: 144: 4759: 3128:

acquired Caribbean telecom systems following political independence from the United Kingdom.

2130:

The four-digit numbers are not implemented in some areas. The star codes (*) are for use on

306:

During the decades following, the NANP expanded to include all of the United States and its

5340: 5300: 5270: 5027: 4962: 4784: 3907: 3778: 3356: 3300: 3266: 2096: 1547: 990: 578: 449: 318:

because of their historic telecommunications administration through Canada as parts of the

152: 4350: 1534:

in Washington, which both began service on January 15, 1995. This was followed quickly by

553:, as opposed to developments in other countries where the number of digits was not fixed. 419:), a company created by the divestiture mandate to perform services for the newly created 8: 6043: 5350: 5290: 5049: 5011: 4809: 4794: 3988: 3367: 3244: 3006: 2451: 2312:

NANP. Similarly, calls from Bermuda to U.S. destinations incur international rates. Even

2241: 2149: 2063:. It was once common to reserve entire unused exchange prefixes or N11 numbers (4101 was 1945: 1573: 700: 672: 664: 315: 264: 195: 4601: 3252:(212 736-5000) in New York City until the hotel's closing in 2020. Similarly, the movie 5577: 5534: 5465: 5335: 5265: 5240: 5175: 5022: 4743: 4668:"Canadian telco offers users a handy reverse directory". America's Network. 1996-05-15. 4518: 4176: 3833: 3536: 3332: 3249: 2690: 2041: 1265: 1233:

are reserved specifically for this purpose, leaving the rest available for assignment.

1132: 888: 500: 489: 370: 187: 4499: 977:

to be dialed before the full number in some areas provided for area codes of the form

5617: 5539: 5453: 5436: 5399: 5245: 5075: 5044: 4910: 4804: 4577:"The Eastern Caribbean Telecommunications Authority (ECTEL) > Telecom regulations" 4034:

A History of Engineering and Science in the Bell System - The Early Years (1875-1925)

2363:

on telephone dials. For some Pacific islands, the NANPA area code is the same as the

2105:*69 and 1169 — Call Return (caller may press '1' to return call after hearing number) 2056: 1569: 1198:

is invalid, because the NANP is not assigning area codes with 9 as the second digit.

704: 5804: 5285: 4655: 1665:. Each has since been assigned one or more distinct numbering plan areas; area code 6682: 5622: 5582: 5562: 5529: 5458: 5416: 5330: 5185: 5170: 5145: 5120: 5080: 4930: 4789: 4774: 3829: 3779:

FCC News release: FCC selects Somos as NANPA and PA under one-year bridge contract.

3532: 3375: 2216:

as their international access number instead of 011. However, the toll-free prefix

2017: 1811:

The structure of the North American Numbering Plan permits implementation of local

1330:

is used for non-geographic applications. Area code 900 has been used for high-toll

1005:; however, this is inconsistent across the NANP because the FCC has left it to the 608:

as the middle digit. This rule was violated by the early 1950s, as NPAs with digit

512: 354: 183: 310:, Canada, Bermuda, and seventeen nations of the Caribbean. At the request of the 6651: 5250: 5105: 4873: 4848: 4836: 4580: 3983: 3383: 3262:

between roughly 64th and 86th Streets, where the telephone prefixes include 288.

2471: 2270: 2064: 1648: 1343: 424: 423:. On January 19, 1998, the NANPA function was transferred to the IMS division of 358: 342: 311: 4679: 4490: 1960:— access code for international direct dialing all destinations outside the NANP 5448: 5320: 5295: 5255: 5225: 5100: 4935: 4888: 4863: 4821: 3399: 3387: 3296: 2631: 2395: 2236:(IDDD) for the territories of the North American Numbering Plan in March 1970. 2197: 2161: 1678: 1626: 445: 319: 3731: 3446:"Contacts in the Countries Participating in the North American Numbering Plan" 2273:(b)(2)) authorizes the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to require all 484:

s). The divisions conformed primarily to the jurisdictional boundaries of the

6776: 6557: 6543: 6536: 6529: 6523: 6498: 6493: 6473: 6463: 6438: 6413: 6398: 6363: 6323: 6303: 6273: 5597: 5370: 5360: 5275: 5165: 5160: 5150: 5135: 4957: 4816: 4140: 3462: 3395: 3363: 3304: 3292: 3285: 3254: 3101: 3074: 3070: 3066: 3061: 3039: 3011: 2984: 2956: 2928: 2901: 2844: 2817: 2790: 2786: 2758: 2730: 2663: 2636: 2609: 2605: 2601: 2574: 2547: 2519: 2491: 2456: 2428: 2400: 2331: 2070:

1 (NPA) 555-1212 — non-local directory information (Canada and United States)

2048: 1792: 1609: 1605: 1592: 1584: 1535: 1531: 1527: 1515: 1500: 1392: 1376: 1372: 1347: 1327: 1323: 1316: 594: 586: 574: 570: 385: 299: 164: 110: 6245: 4278: 4244:"Planning Letter PL-558: Assigning from NPA 526 for Non-Geographic Services" 4190: 2299:

in NPA 800, 888, 877, 866, 855, 844, and 833 have been portable through the

5475: 5315: 5260: 5190: 5155: 5090: 4989: 4979: 4831: 4282: 4243: 3758: 3700: 3606: 3403: 3371: 3239: 3228: 3154:

Letters of the alphabet are mapped to the digits of the telephone dial pad.

2979: 2221: 2185: 2173: 2089: 2024:/teletriage services in Canada (formerly telephone company business office) 1487: 1237: 1021: 524: 381: 362: 323: 307: 118: 3817: 3682:. North American Numbering Plan Administration. 2011-01-05. Archived from 246:(NPAs). Each NPA was assigned a unique three-digit code, typically termed 5675: 5325: 5235: 5220: 5180: 5140: 4999: 3379: 2923: 2864: 2486: 1658: 1194:

is invalid, because the central office code must not be in the form N11.

994: 982: 589:

was divided to provide a larger numbering pool in the Indiana suburbs of

485: 432: 374: 140: 135:

The concepts of the NANP were devised originally during the 1940s by the

1926:

In almost all cases, domestic operator-assisted calls are dialed 0+10D.

5680: 5387: 5085: 4994: 4950: 4920: 4898: 4546: 4531: 4479: 4464: 3390:

scored a soul music success during the 1960s with the similarly named "

3284:

gimmick, particularly for toll-free numbers. For example, one can dial

2812: 2131: 2021: 1820:. The NANPA publishes dial plan information for individual area codes. 1559:, with AT&T's fiber optics manufacturing facility within the city. 1434: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1331: 1006: 566: 543:

received three. Eight states and provinces were divided into two NPAs.

532: 392:

which, like the rest of the French Caribbean, is not part of the NANP.

286:, as other countries sought or considered joining the standardization. 4274: 4177:"NANPA : North American Numbering Plan Administration - About Us" 3701:"PL-423: Updated Information - Introduction of NPA 721 (Sint Maarten)" 3683: 2208:

standard. The European Union and many other countries have chosen the

1271:

Using the global formatting for telephone numbers, per recommendation

1056:

The NANP numbering format may be summarized in the ten-digit notation

27:

Integrated telephone numbering plan of twenty North American countries

6250: 6048: 5665: 5130: 4945: 4712: 3316: 3277: 3259: 2189: 2184:

uses 114 for directory assistance, 119 for police force, and 110 for

2177: 2134: 2082: 1812: 1552: 1288: 334: 232: 179: 114: 3480: 3235:. The alphabet is apportioned to the buttons as shown in the table. 2465:

Telecommunications Division of the Government of Antigua and Barbuda

2337:

The occurrence of these scams has been decreasing, with many of the

1657:, Alaska, Hawaii and Canada shared the area code 809. This included 1506:

Most area codes of the form N10, originally reserved for AT&T's

1409: 515:

state was initially divided into five areas, the most of any state.

6034: 5836: 5660: 5650: 5567: 5392: 5215: 4414:"Government of Canada launches three-digit suicide crisis helpline" 3281: 2658: 2514: 2423: 2165: 2153: 1935: 1380: 1017: 1013: 986: 632: 540: 516: 330: 4327:"April 2019 North American Numbering Plan (NANP) Exhaust Analysis" 1758:

before September 30, 2011: reached via IDDD using country code 599

5655: 5640: 4858: 4389:"FCC Designates 988 for the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline" 4136: 3270: 3150: 2781: 2725: 2542: 2300: 2181: 2010:— relay service for customers with hearing or speech disabilities 1976:— local community information or social services (in some cities) 1622: 1543: 590: 582: 428: 295: 45: 3603:"NANPA: North American Numbering Plan Administration - About Us" 3248:

refers to telephone number PE6-5000, a number in service at the

3046: 1481:

Area codes are added by two principal methods, number plan area

1028:

services that offer nationwide calling without the extra digit.

5685: 5645: 4967: 4707: 3125: 2669: 2591: 2169: 2123:*82 and 1182 — releases Caller ID block on a call-by-call basis 1747:

before October 1, 2004: reached via IDDD using country code 684

703:. In some cases, even fewer digits sufficed for local calling. 388:. Sint Maarten shares the island of St. Martin with the French 2991: 1649:

New area codes outside the contiguous United States and Canada

6761: 5670: 5607: 4915: 3232: 2710: 2499: 2201: 2117:*75 — allows a total of 30 speed-call numbers with two digits 2013: 2007: 1997: 1991: 1985: 1979: 1973: 1511: 1467: 1272: 528: 350: 207: 3706:. North American Numbering Plan Administration. 2011-07-27. 3288:

to order flowers, or 1-800-DENTIST to find a local dentist.

1966:

101-xxxx — Carrier access code for selecting an alternative

1783:

any two NANP numbers. Another proposal introduces the digit

1653:

Before 1995, all NANP countries and territories outside the

1268:

recommends using hyphens between groups; e.g. 250-555-0199.

143:

and the independent telephone companies in North America in

50:

Countries participating in the North American Numbering Plan

5612: 4101:

Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions (ATIS),

3503:"The International Public Telecommunication Numbering Plan" 3336: 2753: 2436: 2321: 2137:, whereas the four-digit numbers prefixed 11xx are used on 1674: 1025: 655:

It was already common practice for decades that the digits

536: 520: 471: 346: 314:, the numbering plan was first expanded to Bermuda and the 2936: 2527: 2108:*70 and 1170 — cancel call waiting on a call-by-call basis 1940:

Some common special numbers in the North American system:

210:, which establishes an international numbering framework. 109:

for twenty-five regions in twenty countries, primarily in

4219:"To Drop or Not to Drop Parentheses in Telephone Numbers" 3551:"1951: First Direct-Dial Transcontinental Telephone Call" 3276:

Despite the phasing out of the letter system, alphabetic

3132:

barred from in the Caribbean unless paid as a toll call.

2882:

Junta Reglamentadora de Telecomunicaciones de Puerto Rico

2797: 2738: 2675: 2464: 2408: 2205: 1957: 1463: 427:

in Washington, D.C. In 1999, the contract was awarded to

3406:, which was the cause of a large number of prank calls. 2285:

by October 1, 1997, and elsewhere by December 31, 1998.

1248:

is also used within the NANP for long-distance dialing.

1202:

is invalid, because the office code must not begin with

202:(PSTN). The North American Numbering Plan conforms with 4118:, Bell Laboratories Record 38(12) p.470 (December 1960) 2881: 2766: 1379:

to mobile numbers, although this advantage dwindled as

1210:

is invalid, because the NPA must not begin with 0 or 1.

925: 3806:, G2Xchange FedCiv (2020-12-01), Retrieved 2021-05-04. 3108: 2964: 2824: 2643: 2582: 2095:*66 and 1166 — to keep retrying a busy-line (see also 1366:

Industry observers have attributed the relatively low

5834: 3818:"A General Switching Plan for Telephone Toll Service" 3671: 3669: 3667: 2554: 278:. By 1975, the numbering plan was referred to as the 174:

The NANP divides the territories of its members into

4103:

Numbering and Dialing Plans within the United States

1767: 1736:

before 1997: reached via IDDD using country code 671

1725:

before 1997: reached via IDDD using country code 670

1625:, to alleviate the numbering shortage. As a result, 333:

participate in the NANP. Exceptions include Mexico,

4205:"NANP: The North American Numbering Plan Explained" 3020:

Telecommunications Authority of Trinidad and Tobago

2644:

Information and Communications Technology Authority

2367:that was discontinued upon membership in the NANP. 1645:(CLEC) is assigned blocks of ten thousand numbers. 6681: 4116:All-Number Calling Being Introduced In Bell System 3949:"Nation-Wide Operator Toll Dialing—the Coming Way" 3855:"Operator Toll Dialing—A New Long Distance Method" 3744:Bellcore Planning Letter PL-NANP-106, (1997-12-23) 3664: 3477:"NANPA : Number Resources - NPA (Area) Codes" 2908: 2126:*87 — deactivates Anonymous Call Rejection Service 667:did not assign letters to these digits. The digit 448:to any other subscriber without the assistance of 4563:"Fair Trading Commission, Barbados - Legislation" 4191:"NANP North American Numbering Plan useful facts" 3924:, Bell System Technical Journal 31(5), 851 (1952) 3523:Nunn, W. H. (1952). "Nationwide Numbering Plan". 2965:National Telecommunications Regulatory Commission 2937:National Telecommunications Regulatory Commission 2909:National Telecommunications Regulatory Commission 2000:— telephone line repair service (formerly 4104), 1982:— city government or non-emergency police matters 1240:for all countries participating with the NANP is 6793:Telecommunications-related introductions in 1947 6774: 3804:FCC awards $ 75M NANPA/PA/RNDA Services contract 3677:"PL-418: Introduction of NPA 721 (Sint Maarten)" 3421:List of North American Numbering Plan area codes 2500:Utilities Regulation & Competition Authority 2120:*77 — activates Anonymous Call Rejection Service 2077:are used for special calling features, such as: 1970:; xxxx is the carrier identification code (CIC). 503:—in the Bell System they were officially termed 298:and the Caribbean islands had been assigned the 36:List of North American Numbering Plan area codes 4066:"Why Did Old Phone Numbers Start With Letters?" 2360: 1256:NANP telephone numbers are usually rendered as 569:received the first NPA code in the new system, 3426:Numbering Resource Utilization/Forecast Report 3326: 2739:Eastern Caribbean Telecommunications Authority 2711:Instituto Dominicano de las Telecomunicaciones 2676:Eastern Caribbean Telecommunications Authority 2253:and the national telephone number are dialed. 1555:(now part of AT&T), then the Southeastern 1251: 1159:A unique four-digit number for each NPA, from 128:. Some North American countries, most notably 6667: 6231: 5820: 4728: 4090:Engineering and Operations in the Bell System 3135: 2055:958-xxxx (local); 959-xxxx (long distance) — 384:joined the NANP in September 2011, receiving 6157:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 4656:Tennessee Regulatory Authority press release 4640:423 Area Code To Become VOL In 9 ET Counties 4054:, Bell Telephone Magazine, Autumn 1962, p.10 4046: 4044: 4042: 3299:) was split in 1999, the region surrounding 2617:Canadian Numbering Administration Consortium 2345: 2034:— fire department, medical emergency, police 1929: 1046:interchangeable NPA and central office codes 1031: 635:. The easily recognizable codes of the form 463:Operator Toll Dialing required a nationwide 169:Canadian Numbering Administration Consortium 30:"NANPA" redirects here. For other uses, see 5743:Global telecommunications regulation bodies 4356:North American Numbering Plan Administrator 4252:North American Numbering Plan Administrator 4063: 3902: 3900: 3852: 2409:American Samoa Telecommunications Authority 2200:has adopted its own standardized number of 1337: 910:, and the eight combinations that ended in 556: 402:North American Numbering Plan Administrator 182:. Each telephone is assigned a seven-digit 6674: 6660: 6238: 6224: 5827: 5813: 5779: 4735: 4721: 4084: 4082: 3946: 3887: 3885: 3883: 3881: 3879: 2334:or similar U.S.-domestic premium numbers. 1615: 1299: 238:In October 1947, AT&T published a new 44: 4560: 4039: 4012:Statistical Abstract of the United States 3732:"About the North American Numbering Plan" 3571: 3569: 3567: 1514:service was complete. The last of these, 1450:Learn how and when to remove this message 1322:Some carrier-specific services have used 282:, resulting in the well-known initialism 3927: 3897: 3149: 2825:Montserrat Info-Communications Authority 2583:Telecommunications Regulatory Commission 2227: 1994:— traffic, road, and tourist information 1862:Single code area, without toll alerting 472:Numbering plan areas and central offices 345:countries and some Caribbean countries ( 217: 137:American Telephone and Telegraph Company 4375:"Area Codes Requiring 10 Digit Dialing" 4129:"Numbering Resources: NPA (Area) Codes" 4108: 4079: 3876: 3846: 3815: 3637: 3516: 2437:Public Utilities Commission of Anguilla 1823:The standard dial plans in most cases: 1806: 1774:North American Numbering Plan expansion 1599:and the eastern metropolitan area. The 1180:North American Numbering Plan expansion 650: 14: 6775: 4742: 4050:Blair N.D., Cosgrove M.P. (AT&T), 3582: 3564: 2061:automatic number announcement circuits 1283:, without spaces or punctuation, e.g. 1225:, only the block of line numbers from 117:. This group is historically known as 6655: 6219: 5808: 4716: 4163:"CNA - North American Numbering Plan" 3626: 2256: 2234:International Direct Distance Dialing 2210:International Telecommunication Union 2020:services (United States), non-urgent 1896:Overlaid area, without toll alerting 1845:Single code area, with toll alerting 1601:Minnesota Public Utilities Commission 1277:International Telecommunication Union 730: 721:Partitioning of the NANP prefix space 715: 694: 204:International Telecommunication Union 5789: 4000:to last well into the next century." 3914: 3522: 3500: 1714:before 1997: served by area code 809 1701:before 1996: served by area code 809 1690:before 1995: served by area code 809 1432:adding citations to reliable sources 1403: 1279:(ITU), a NANP number is rendered as 948:interchangeable central office codes 926:Interchangeable central office codes 289: 132:, do not participate with the NANP. 3319:, as well as athletic teams at the 1591:Twin Cities, was divided to create 1538:serving Arizona on March 19, 1995. 24: 4225:. Government of Canada. 2019-12-06 4105:(ATIS-0300076), December 2008, p.7 3834:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1930.tb03208.x 3537:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1952.tb01412.x 3463:"Canadian Numbering Administrator" 2992:Bureau Telecommunications and Post 1879:Overlaid area, with toll alerting 1706:2001: overlaid with area code 939 1643:Competitive local exchange carrier 1562: 989:. Therefore, someone calling from 665:familiar names for central offices 563:original North American area codes 531:were assigned four NPAs each, and 25: 6809: 4701: 4393:Federal Communications Commission 4223:www.noslangues-ourlanguages.gc.ca 3947:Mabbs, Ralph (Winter 1947–1948). 3853:Pilliod, J.J; Ryan, H.L. (1945). 3351:5 in older movies and shows, for 3082:Federal Communications Commission 1787:into the area code in the format 1768:Telephone number length expansion 1475:incumbent local exchange carriers 985:, Texas, area and 410 in eastern 946:. This resulted in the format of 733:as toll center and system codes. 439: 395: 380:The Dutch Caribbean territory of 276:North American Integrated Network 254:. These codes were first used in 200:public switched telephone network 161:Federal Communications Commission 6788:International telecommunications 6033: 6000:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 5788: 5778: 5769: 5768: 5757: 5378:Free-space optical communication 4363:from the original on 2023-09-21. 3394:". A more recent example is the 3089: 3054: 3027: 2999: 2972: 2952:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2944: 2916: 2889: 2857: 2832: 2805: 2774: 2746: 2718: 2683: 2651: 2624: 2590: 2562: 2535: 2507: 2479: 2444: 2416: 2388: 2359:). This follows the traditional 2290:North American Numbering Council 1408: 400:The NANP is administered by the 4672: 4661: 4649: 4632: 4618: 4594: 4569: 4554: 4539: 4524: 4508: 4472: 4457: 4444: 4431: 4406: 4381: 4367: 4343: 4319: 4288: 4267: 4236: 4211: 4197: 4183: 4169: 4155: 4121: 4095: 4057: 4036:, M.D. Fagan (ed.), 1975, p.126 4026: 4003: 3970: 3940: 3809: 3797: 3783: 3772: 3747: 3738: 3724: 3713:from the original on 2019-01-08 3650: 3620: 2306: 2004:customer service (formerly 811) 1557:Regional Bell Operating Company 1419:needs additional citations for 707:was only necessary when making 645:Teletypewriter Exchange Service 4454:, Section 10.3.02, p.3 (1980). 3595: 3543: 3494: 3469: 3455: 3438: 3117:* same as former country code 2320:Because of these higher fees, 2283:Metropolitan Statistical Areas 2263:Telecommunications Act of 1996 2102:*67 and 1167 — Caller ID Block 1917:central office code protection 1217:Despite the widespread use of 1051: 151:, by reducing manual labor by 13: 1: 6783:North American Numbering Plan 6255:North American Numbering Plan 4684:Urban Legends Reference Pages 4088:Bell Telephone Laboratories, 4032:Bell Telephone Laboratories, 3822:Bell System Technical Journal 3816:Osborne, H. S. (1930-07-01). 3525:Bell System Technical Journal 3431: 3047:Telecommunications Commission 2798:Spectrum Management Authority 1761:2011: assigned area code 721 1750:2004: assigned area code 684 1739:1997: assigned area code 671 1728:1997: assigned area code 670 1717:1997: assigned area code 340 1693:1995: assigned area code 441 1677:joined the NANP in 1997, and 1368:mobile phone penetration rate 1142:, used for special services. 931: 280:North American Numbering Plan 99:North American Numbering Plan 6757:National writing conventions 5764:Telecommunication portal 5545:Telecommunications equipment 4296:"Rate Center Consolidations" 3353:fictitious telephone numbers 3097:United States Virgin Islands 1704:1996: assigned area code 787 1583:As an example, in 1998, the 1012:to regulate for traditional 1010:public utilities commissions 623:The eight codes of the form 413:Bell Communications Research 390:Collectivity of Saint Martin 7: 5281:Alexander Stepanovich Popov 3893:Notes on Nationwide Dialing 3409: 3386:, while Stax/Volt Records' 3327:Fictional telephone numbers 3258:is set in the East Side of 2297:toll-free telephone numbers 1954:assistance (formerly 2-1-1) 1252:Telephone number formatting 1219:fictional telephone numbers 468:possible in their systems. 454:General Toll Switching Plan 10: 6814: 4985:Telecommunications history 4602:"United States Area Codes" 4064:John Greene (2015-01-16). 3416:List of area code overlays 3136:Alphabetic mnemonic system 3109:Public Services Commission 2032:emergency telephone number 1933: 1771: 1296:is the NANP country code. 1072:denotes any of the digits 1064:denotes any of the digits 1016:, and it has since become 213: 29: 6752: 6694: 6690: 6588: 6567: 6261: 6175: 6142:Saint Pierre and Miquelon 6042: 6031: 5843: 5835:Telephone numbers in the 5752: 5694: 5631: 5593:Public Switched Telephone 5553: 5517: 5474: 5415: 5405:telecommunication circuit 5366:Fiber-optic communication 5349: 5111:Francis Blake (telephone) 5058: 4906:Optical telecommunication 4750: 4485:. The regulations are at 4439:Notes on Distance Dialing 3937:, Section 10, p.3 (1980). 3922:Nationwide Numbering Plan 3757:. Neustar. Archived from 3590:Notes on Distance Dialing 3577:Notes on Distance Dialing 3148: 3116: 2346:Countries and territories 1930:Special numbers and codes 1570:dialing ten-digit numbers 1399: 1306:easily recognizable codes 1114:Numbering plan area code 1032:Interchangeable NPA codes 1001:also ideally indicates a 876: 731:These 200 codes were used 723:under all-number-calling 643:were implemented for the 339:Saint Pierre and Miquelon 240:nationwide numbering plan 88: 78: 68: 63: 55: 43: 6162:Turks and Caicos Islands 5504:Orbital angular-momentum 4941:Satellite communications 4780:Communications satellite 4686:. snopes.com. 2014-07-09 3647:, Section 3, p. 8 (1980) 3035:Turks and Caicos Islands 2840:Northern Mariana Islands 2767:Guam Telephone Authority 2279:local number portability 1834:Local outside area code 1816:a telephone number with 1791:, so that, for example, 1671:Northern Mariana Islands 1655:contiguous United States 1632:local number portability 1589:Minneapolis – Saint Paul 1385:local number portability 1338:Cellular mobile services 1119:easily recognizable code 684:telephone exchange names 573:. The second area code, 557:Initial numbering system 494:numbering plan area code 465:telephone numbering plan 107:telephone numbering plan 5383:Molecular communication 5206:Gardiner Greene Hubbard 5035:Undersea telegraph line 4770:Cable protection system 4644:Knoxville News-Sentinel 4351:"Uniform Dialing Plans" 4283:Verizon unlimited plans 3953:Bell Telephone Magazine 3859:Bell Telephone Magazine 3630:The Wall Street Journal 3374:. The 1962 Motown hit " 3341:central office code 555 3321:University of Tennessee 3280:remain as a commercial 2528:Telecommunications Unit 2275:local exchange carriers 2088:*57 and 1157 — used to 1840:Toll outside area code 1831:Local within area code 1616:Decrease of growth rate 1576:was previously needed. 1508:Teletypewriter eXchange 1300:Non-geographic services 879:8 special service codes 421:local exchange carriers 367:Spanish-speaking states 329:Not all North American 312:British Colonial Office 269:Direct distance dialing 226:From the Bell System's 6077:British Virgin Islands 5525:Communication protocol 5311:Charles Sumner Tainter 5126:Walter Houser Brattain 5071:Edwin Howard Armstrong 4879:Information revolution 4279:T-Mobile Magenta plans 3553:. AT&T Corporation 3307:, chosen to represent 3155: 2570:British Virgin Islands 2141:which cannot dial the 2139:rotary dial telephones 2075:Vertical service codes 1952:long-distance operator 1837:Toll within area code 577:, was assigned to the 369:in the system are the 223: 157:end of the Bell System 123:telephone country code 90:List of dialing codes 32:Nanpa (disambiguation) 5990:Saint Kitts and Nevis 5499:Polarization-division 5231:Narinder Singh Kapany 5196:Erna Schneider Hoover 5116:Jagadish Chandra Bose 5096:Alexander Graham Bell 4827:online video platform 3153: 2897:Saint Kitts and Nevis 2288:The FCC directed the 2228:International dialing 1968:long-distance carrier 1497:concentrated overlays 1044:, implementing fully 981:, such as 210 in the 550:closed numbering plan 458:Operator Toll Dialing 450:switchboard operators 261:Englewood, New Jersey 256:Operator Toll Dialing 221: 206:(ITU) Recommendation 153:switchboard operators 149:long-distance calling 145:Operator Toll Dialing 6309:District of Columbia 5341:Vladimir K. Zworykin 5301:Almon Brown Strowger 5271:Charles Grafton Page 4926:Prepaid mobile phone 4854:Electrical telegraph 4606:www.areacodehelp.com 4452:Notes on the Network 4418:Government of Canada 3935:Notes on the Network 3908:Notes on the Network 3645:Notes on the Network 3357:directory assistance 3267:Bell of Pennsylvania 2097:Called-party camp-on 1548:1996 Summer Olympics 1428:improve this article 991:San Jose, California 651:Central office codes 585:numbering plan area 579:District of Columbia 478:numbering plan areas 244:numbering plan areas 231:interconnected with 176:numbering plan areas 80:International access 34:. For the list, see 6558:U.S. Virgin Islands 6167:U.S. Virgin Islands 6010:Trinidad and Tobago 5855:Antigua and Barbuda 5291:Johann Philipp Reis 5050:Wireless revolution 5012:The Telephone Cases 4869:Hydraulic telegraph 4207:. 28 December 2020. 4015:. 1960. p. 516 3989:The Virginian-Pilot 3368:Pennsylvania 6-5000 3333:television programs 3313:The Volunteer State 3245:PEnnsylvania 6-5000 3007:Trinidad and Tobago 2452:Antigua and Barbuda 2303:system since 1993. 2242:open numbering plan 2150:Trinidad and Tobago 1946:operator assistance 1711:U.S. Virgin Islands 1663:U.S. Virgin Islands 1574:seven-digit dialing 1244:. The prefix digit 724: 701:seven-digit dialing 673:operator assistance 631:) were reserved as 501:telephone exchanges 316:British West Indies 265:Alameda, California 196:destination routing 139:(AT&T) for the 18:Central office code 5920:Dominican Republic 5489:Frequency-division 5466:Telephone exchange 5336:Charles Wheatstone 5266:Jun-ichi Nishizawa 5241:Innocenzo Manzetti 5176:Reginald Fessenden 4911:Optical telegraphy 4744:Telecommunications 3982:2008-03-16 at the 3793:. 15 October 2018. 3315:, the nickname of 3250:Hotel Pennsylvania 3156: 2691:Dominican Republic 2555:https://www.ra.bm/ 2470:2022-01-27 at the 2361:letter assignments 2339:Cable and Wireless 2257:Number portability 2249:, after which the 2057:Plant test numbers 2042:suicide prevention 1807:Dialing procedures 1587:, assigned to the 1493:dedicated overlays 1266:Translation Bureau 1080:denotes any digit 897:all-number calling 889:All-number calling 720: 716:All-number calling 695:Dialing procedures 620:in this position. 490:Canadian provinces 371:Dominican Republic 224: 6798:Telephone numbers 6770: 6769: 6748: 6747: 6683:Telephone numbers 6649: 6648: 6544:Northern Marianas 6213: 6212: 5802: 5801: 5540:Store and forward 5535:Data transmission 5449:Network switching 5400:Transmission line 5246:Guglielmo Marconi 5211:Internet pioneers 5076:Mohamed M. Atalla 5045:Whistled language 4646:. April 17, 1999. 4628:. 28 August 2017. 4255:. 28 January 2021 3911:, AT&T (1980) 3378:" was written by 3366:swing jazz tune " 3224: 3223: 3121: 3120: 2373:Country/Territory 2314:toll-free numbers 2164:. The country of 2002:wireless operator 1912: 1911: 1765: 1764: 1722:Northern Marianas 1460: 1459: 1452: 1176: 1175: 886: 885: 705:Ten-digit dialing 404:(NANPA, formerly 290:Foreign expansion 95: 94: 16:(Redirected from 6805: 6692: 6691: 6676: 6669: 6662: 6653: 6652: 6240: 6233: 6226: 6217: 6216: 6132:Saint Barthélemy 6092:Falkland Islands 6037: 5829: 5822: 5815: 5806: 5805: 5792: 5791: 5782: 5781: 5772: 5771: 5762: 5761: 5760: 5633:Notable networks 5623:Wireless network 5563:Cellular network 5555:Types of network 5530:Computer network 5417:Network topology 5331:Thomas A. Watson 5186:Oliver Heaviside 5171:Philo Farnsworth 5146:Daniel Davis Jr. 5121:Charles Bourseul 5081:John Logie Baird 4790:Data compression 4785:Computer network 4737: 4730: 4723: 4714: 4713: 4708:Official website 4695: 4694: 4692: 4691: 4680:"867-5309/Jenny" 4676: 4670: 4669: 4665: 4659: 4658:, April 29, 1999 4653: 4647: 4636: 4630: 4629: 4622: 4616: 4615: 4613: 4612: 4598: 4592: 4591: 4589: 4588: 4579:. Archived from 4573: 4567: 4566: 4558: 4552: 4543: 4537: 4528: 4522: 4521: 4512: 4506: 4502: 4493: 4476: 4470: 4461: 4455: 4448: 4442: 4435: 4429: 4428: 4426: 4425: 4410: 4404: 4403: 4401: 4400: 4385: 4379: 4378: 4371: 4365: 4364: 4347: 4341: 4340: 4338: 4332:. Archived from 4331: 4323: 4317: 4316: 4314: 4313: 4307: 4301:. Archived from 4300: 4292: 4286: 4271: 4265: 4264: 4262: 4260: 4248: 4240: 4234: 4233: 4231: 4230: 4215: 4209: 4208: 4201: 4195: 4194: 4187: 4181: 4180: 4173: 4167: 4166: 4159: 4153: 4152: 4150: 4148: 4139:. Archived from 4125: 4119: 4112: 4106: 4099: 4093: 4086: 4077: 4076: 4074: 4073: 4061: 4055: 4052:why all numbers? 4048: 4037: 4030: 4024: 4023: 4021: 4020: 4007: 4001: 3974: 3968: 3967: 3965: 3964: 3944: 3938: 3931: 3925: 3918: 3912: 3904: 3895: 3891:AT&T (1955) 3889: 3874: 3873: 3871: 3870: 3850: 3844: 3843: 3841: 3840: 3813: 3807: 3801: 3795: 3794: 3787: 3781: 3776: 3770: 3769: 3767: 3766: 3751: 3745: 3742: 3736: 3735: 3728: 3722: 3721: 3719: 3718: 3712: 3705: 3697: 3695: 3694: 3688: 3681: 3673: 3662: 3654: 3648: 3641: 3635: 3634: 3624: 3618: 3617: 3615: 3614: 3605:. Archived from 3599: 3593: 3586: 3580: 3573: 3562: 3561: 3559: 3558: 3547: 3541: 3540: 3520: 3514: 3513: 3511: 3510: 3498: 3492: 3491: 3489: 3488: 3479:. Archived from 3473: 3467: 3466: 3459: 3453: 3452: 3450: 3442: 3376:Beechwood 4-5789 3231:and, in Europe, 3140: 3139: 3095: 3093: 3092: 3060: 3058: 3057: 3033: 3031: 3030: 3005: 3003: 3002: 2978: 2976: 2975: 2950: 2948: 2947: 2922: 2920: 2919: 2895: 2893: 2892: 2863: 2861: 2860: 2838: 2836: 2835: 2811: 2809: 2808: 2780: 2778: 2777: 2752: 2750: 2749: 2724: 2722: 2721: 2689: 2687: 2686: 2657: 2655: 2654: 2630: 2628: 2627: 2595: 2594: 2568: 2566: 2565: 2541: 2539: 2538: 2513: 2511: 2510: 2485: 2483: 2482: 2450: 2448: 2447: 2422: 2420: 2419: 2394: 2392: 2391: 2370: 2369: 2277:(LECs) to offer 2018:utility location 1826: 1825: 1684: 1683: 1455: 1448: 1444: 1441: 1435: 1412: 1404: 1111: 1087: 1086: 936: 933: 725: 719: 355:French Caribbean 343:Central American 184:telephone number 48: 41: 40: 21: 6813: 6812: 6808: 6807: 6806: 6804: 6803: 6802: 6773: 6772: 6771: 6766: 6744: 6686: 6680: 6650: 6645: 6584: 6563: 6494:U.S. Government 6257: 6244: 6214: 6209: 6187:Central America 6171: 6046: 6038: 6029: 5846: 5839: 5833: 5803: 5798: 5758: 5756: 5748: 5690: 5627: 5549: 5513: 5470: 5419: 5411: 5352: 5345: 5251:Robert Metcalfe 5106:Tim Berners-Lee 5054: 4874:Information Age 4746: 4741: 4704: 4699: 4698: 4689: 4687: 4678: 4677: 4673: 4667: 4666: 4662: 4654: 4650: 4637: 4633: 4624: 4623: 4619: 4610: 4608: 4600: 4599: 4595: 4586: 4584: 4575: 4574: 4570: 4561:Administrator. 4559: 4555: 4544: 4540: 4529: 4525: 4514: 4513: 4509: 4495: 4486: 4477: 4473: 4462: 4458: 4449: 4445: 4436: 4432: 4423: 4421: 4412: 4411: 4407: 4398: 4396: 4387: 4386: 4382: 4373: 4372: 4368: 4349: 4348: 4344: 4336: 4329: 4325: 4324: 4320: 4311: 4309: 4305: 4298: 4294: 4293: 4289: 4272: 4268: 4258: 4256: 4246: 4242: 4241: 4237: 4228: 4226: 4217: 4216: 4212: 4203: 4202: 4198: 4189: 4188: 4184: 4175: 4174: 4170: 4161: 4160: 4156: 4146: 4144: 4127: 4126: 4122: 4113: 4109: 4100: 4096: 4087: 4080: 4071: 4069: 4062: 4058: 4049: 4040: 4031: 4027: 4018: 4016: 4009: 4008: 4004: 3984:Wayback Machine 3975: 3971: 3962: 3960: 3945: 3941: 3932: 3928: 3919: 3915: 3905: 3898: 3890: 3877: 3868: 3866: 3851: 3847: 3838: 3836: 3814: 3810: 3802: 3798: 3789: 3788: 3784: 3777: 3773: 3764: 3762: 3753: 3752: 3748: 3743: 3739: 3730: 3729: 3725: 3716: 3714: 3710: 3703: 3699: 3692: 3690: 3686: 3679: 3675: 3674: 3665: 3655: 3651: 3642: 3638: 3625: 3621: 3612: 3610: 3601: 3600: 3596: 3587: 3583: 3574: 3565: 3556: 3554: 3549: 3548: 3544: 3521: 3517: 3508: 3506: 3499: 3495: 3486: 3484: 3475: 3474: 3470: 3461: 3460: 3456: 3448: 3444: 3443: 3439: 3434: 3412: 3384:The Marvelettes 3329: 3138: 3090: 3088: 3055: 3053: 3028: 3026: 3000: 2998: 2973: 2971: 2945: 2943: 2917: 2915: 2890: 2888: 2858: 2856: 2833: 2831: 2806: 2804: 2775: 2773: 2747: 2745: 2719: 2717: 2684: 2682: 2652: 2650: 2625: 2623: 2589: 2563: 2561: 2536: 2534: 2508: 2506: 2480: 2478: 2472:Wayback Machine 2445: 2443: 2417: 2415: 2389: 2387: 2353:Caribbean codes 2348: 2309: 2259: 2230: 2172:force, 311 for 2065:ringback number 1938: 1932: 1809: 1776: 1770: 1705: 1651: 1618: 1565: 1563:Growth problems 1530:in Alabama and 1456: 1445: 1439: 1436: 1425: 1413: 1402: 1361:subscriber pays 1344:cellular phones 1340: 1302: 1254: 1106: 1105: 1054: 1034: 934: 928: 878: 759: 754: 749: 744: 732: 722: 718: 697: 653: 559: 505:central offices 474: 442: 425:Lockheed Martin 398: 359:Dutch Caribbean 292: 216: 198:address in the 165:plenary control 51: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6811: 6801: 6800: 6795: 6790: 6785: 6768: 6767: 6765: 6764: 6759: 6753: 6750: 6749: 6746: 6745: 6743: 6742: 6737: 6735: 6730: 6725: 6720: 6715: 6710: 6708: 6703: 6701: 6695: 6688: 6687: 6679: 6678: 6671: 6664: 6656: 6647: 6646: 6644: 6643: 6638: 6633: 6628: 6623: 6618: 6613: 6608: 6603: 6598: 6592: 6590: 6586: 6585: 6583: 6582: 6577: 6571: 6569: 6565: 6564: 6562: 6561: 6554: 6547: 6540: 6533: 6530:American Samoa 6526: 6521: 6516: 6511: 6506: 6501: 6496: 6491: 6486: 6481: 6476: 6471: 6469:South Carolina 6466: 6461: 6456: 6451: 6446: 6441: 6436: 6434:North Carolina 6431: 6426: 6421: 6416: 6411: 6406: 6401: 6396: 6391: 6386: 6381: 6376: 6371: 6366: 6361: 6356: 6351: 6346: 6341: 6336: 6331: 6326: 6321: 6316: 6311: 6306: 6301: 6296: 6291: 6286: 6281: 6276: 6271: 6265: 6263: 6259: 6258: 6243: 6242: 6235: 6228: 6220: 6211: 6210: 6208: 6207: 6200: 6198: 6196: 6194: 6189: 6184: 6176: 6173: 6172: 6170: 6169: 6164: 6159: 6154: 6149: 6147:Sint Eustatius 6144: 6139: 6134: 6129: 6124: 6119: 6114: 6109: 6104: 6099: 6094: 6089: 6084: 6082:Cayman Islands 6079: 6074: 6069: 6064: 6059: 6053: 6051: 6040: 6039: 6032: 6030: 6028: 6027: 6022: 6017: 6012: 6007: 6002: 5997: 5992: 5987: 5982: 5977: 5972: 5967: 5962: 5957: 5952: 5947: 5942: 5937: 5932: 5927: 5922: 5917: 5912: 5907: 5902: 5897: 5892: 5887: 5882: 5877: 5872: 5867: 5862: 5857: 5851: 5849: 5841: 5840: 5832: 5831: 5824: 5817: 5809: 5800: 5799: 5797: 5796: 5786: 5776: 5766: 5753: 5750: 5749: 5747: 5746: 5739: 5734: 5729: 5724: 5719: 5718: 5717: 5712: 5704: 5698: 5696: 5692: 5691: 5689: 5688: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5668: 5663: 5658: 5653: 5648: 5643: 5637: 5635: 5629: 5628: 5626: 5625: 5620: 5615: 5610: 5605: 5600: 5595: 5590: 5585: 5580: 5575: 5570: 5565: 5559: 5557: 5551: 5550: 5548: 5547: 5542: 5537: 5532: 5527: 5521: 5519: 5515: 5514: 5512: 5511: 5506: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5486: 5484:Space-division 5480: 5478: 5472: 5471: 5469: 5468: 5463: 5462: 5461: 5456: 5446: 5445: 5444: 5434: 5429: 5423: 5421: 5413: 5412: 5410: 5409: 5408: 5407: 5397: 5396: 5395: 5385: 5380: 5375: 5374: 5373: 5363: 5357: 5355: 5347: 5346: 5344: 5343: 5338: 5333: 5328: 5323: 5321:Camille Tissot 5318: 5313: 5308: 5303: 5298: 5296:Claude Shannon 5293: 5288: 5286:Tivadar Puskás 5283: 5278: 5273: 5268: 5263: 5258: 5256:Antonio Meucci 5253: 5248: 5243: 5238: 5233: 5228: 5226:Charles K. Kao 5223: 5218: 5213: 5208: 5203: 5201:Harold Hopkins 5198: 5193: 5188: 5183: 5178: 5173: 5168: 5163: 5158: 5153: 5148: 5143: 5138: 5133: 5128: 5123: 5118: 5113: 5108: 5103: 5101:Emile Berliner 5098: 5093: 5088: 5083: 5078: 5073: 5068: 5062: 5060: 5056: 5055: 5053: 5052: 5047: 5042: 5040:Videotelephony 5037: 5032: 5031: 5030: 5025: 5015: 5008: 5003: 4997: 4992: 4987: 4982: 4977: 4976: 4975: 4970: 4965: 4955: 4954: 4953: 4943: 4938: 4936:Radiotelephone 4933: 4928: 4923: 4918: 4913: 4908: 4903: 4902: 4901: 4891: 4886: 4881: 4876: 4871: 4866: 4861: 4856: 4851: 4846: 4841: 4840: 4839: 4834: 4829: 4824: 4822:Internet video 4814: 4813: 4812: 4807: 4802: 4797: 4787: 4782: 4777: 4772: 4767: 4762: 4756: 4754: 4748: 4747: 4740: 4739: 4732: 4725: 4717: 4711: 4710: 4703: 4702:External links 4700: 4697: 4696: 4671: 4660: 4648: 4638:Brewer, Bill. 4631: 4617: 4593: 4568: 4553: 4538: 4523: 4507: 4471: 4456: 4443: 4430: 4405: 4380: 4366: 4342: 4339:on 2020-02-19. 4318: 4287: 4275:AT&T plans 4266: 4235: 4210: 4196: 4182: 4168: 4154: 4120: 4107: 4094: 4078: 4068:. Mental Floss 4056: 4038: 4025: 4002: 3969: 3939: 3926: 3913: 3896: 3875: 3845: 3808: 3796: 3782: 3771: 3746: 3737: 3723: 3663: 3649: 3636: 3619: 3594: 3581: 3563: 3542: 3515: 3493: 3468: 3454: 3436: 3435: 3433: 3430: 3429: 3428: 3423: 3418: 3411: 3408: 3400:867-5309/Jenny 3388:Wilson Pickett 3339:often use the 3328: 3325: 3297:East Tennessee 3222: 3221: 3218: 3214: 3213: 3210: 3206: 3205: 3202: 3198: 3197: 3194: 3190: 3189: 3186: 3182: 3181: 3178: 3174: 3173: 3170: 3166: 3165: 3162: 3158: 3157: 3147: 3144: 3137: 3134: 3119: 3118: 3115: 3112: 3111: 3106: 3104: 3099: 3085: 3084: 3079: 3077: 3064: 3050: 3049: 3044: 3042: 3037: 3023: 3022: 3017: 3014: 3009: 2995: 2994: 2989: 2987: 2982: 2968: 2967: 2962: 2959: 2954: 2940: 2939: 2934: 2931: 2926: 2912: 2911: 2906: 2904: 2899: 2885: 2884: 2879: 2876: 2867: 2853: 2852: 2850: 2848: 2842: 2828: 2827: 2822: 2820: 2815: 2801: 2800: 2795: 2793: 2784: 2770: 2769: 2764: 2762: 2756: 2742: 2741: 2736: 2733: 2728: 2714: 2713: 2708: 2706: 2693: 2679: 2678: 2673: 2666: 2661: 2647: 2646: 2641: 2639: 2634: 2632:Cayman Islands 2620: 2619: 2614: 2612: 2599: 2586: 2585: 2580: 2577: 2572: 2558: 2557: 2552: 2550: 2545: 2531: 2530: 2525: 2522: 2517: 2503: 2502: 2497: 2494: 2489: 2475: 2474: 2462: 2459: 2454: 2440: 2439: 2434: 2431: 2426: 2412: 2411: 2406: 2404: 2398: 2396:American Samoa 2384: 2383: 2380: 2377: 2374: 2347: 2344: 2308: 2305: 2267:47 U.S.C. 2258: 2255: 2229: 2226: 2198:European Union 2176:, and 511 for 2162:United Kingdom 2128: 2127: 2124: 2121: 2118: 2115: 2112: 2109: 2106: 2103: 2100: 2093: 2086: 2072: 2071: 2068: 2053: 2045: 2035: 2025: 2011: 2005: 1995: 1989: 1983: 1977: 1971: 1964: 1961: 1955: 1948: 1931: 1928: 1910: 1909: 1906: 1903: 1900: 1897: 1893: 1892: 1889: 1886: 1883: 1880: 1876: 1875: 1872: 1869: 1866: 1863: 1859: 1858: 1855: 1852: 1849: 1846: 1842: 1841: 1838: 1835: 1832: 1829: 1808: 1805: 1772:Main article: 1769: 1766: 1763: 1762: 1759: 1756: 1752: 1751: 1748: 1745: 1744:American Samoa 1741: 1740: 1737: 1734: 1730: 1729: 1726: 1723: 1719: 1718: 1715: 1712: 1708: 1707: 1702: 1699: 1695: 1694: 1691: 1688: 1679:American Samoa 1650: 1647: 1627:number pooling 1617: 1614: 1564: 1561: 1458: 1457: 1416: 1414: 1407: 1401: 1398: 1377:nuisance calls 1339: 1336: 1301: 1298: 1262:(NPA) NXX-XXXX 1253: 1250: 1212: 1211: 1174: 1173: 1167: 1157: 1154: 1150: 1149: 1143: 1136: 1133:Central office 1130: 1126: 1125: 1122: 1115: 1112: 1107:often denoted 1101: 1100: 1097: 1096:Number ranges 1094: 1091: 1053: 1050: 1033: 1030: 927: 924: 884: 883: 880: 877:152 area codes 874: 873: 870: 867: 864: 860: 859: 856: 853: 850: 846: 845: 842: 839: 836: 832: 831: 828: 825: 822: 818: 817: 814: 811: 808: 804: 803: 800: 797: 794: 790: 789: 786: 783: 780: 776: 775: 772: 769: 766: 762: 761: 758:Central office 756: 751: 746: 740: 739: 735: 734: 729: 717: 714: 696: 693: 652: 649: 558: 555: 473: 470: 446:telephone call 441: 440:Numbering plan 438: 436:other bidder. 406:Administration 397: 396:Administration 394: 320:British Empire 291: 288: 215: 212: 188:central office 93: 92: 86: 85: 82: 76: 75: 72: 66: 65: 61: 60: 57: 53: 52: 49: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6810: 6799: 6796: 6794: 6791: 6789: 6786: 6784: 6781: 6780: 6778: 6763: 6760: 6758: 6755: 6754: 6751: 6741: 6738: 6736: 6734: 6731: 6729: 6728:South America 6726: 6724: 6721: 6719: 6718:North America 6716: 6714: 6711: 6709: 6707: 6704: 6702: 6700: 6697: 6696: 6693: 6689: 6684: 6677: 6672: 6670: 6665: 6663: 6658: 6657: 6654: 6642: 6639: 6637: 6634: 6632: 6629: 6627: 6624: 6622: 6619: 6617: 6614: 6612: 6609: 6607: 6604: 6602: 6599: 6597: 6594: 6593: 6591: 6587: 6581: 6578: 6576: 6573: 6572: 6570: 6566: 6560: 6559: 6555: 6553: 6552: 6548: 6546: 6545: 6541: 6539: 6538: 6534: 6532: 6531: 6527: 6525: 6522: 6520: 6517: 6515: 6514:West Virginia 6512: 6510: 6507: 6505: 6502: 6500: 6497: 6495: 6492: 6490: 6487: 6485: 6482: 6480: 6477: 6475: 6472: 6470: 6467: 6465: 6462: 6460: 6457: 6455: 6452: 6450: 6447: 6445: 6442: 6440: 6437: 6435: 6432: 6430: 6427: 6425: 6422: 6420: 6417: 6415: 6414:New Hampshire 6412: 6410: 6407: 6405: 6402: 6400: 6397: 6395: 6392: 6390: 6387: 6385: 6382: 6380: 6377: 6375: 6374:Massachusetts 6372: 6370: 6367: 6365: 6362: 6360: 6357: 6355: 6352: 6350: 6347: 6345: 6342: 6340: 6337: 6335: 6332: 6330: 6327: 6325: 6322: 6320: 6317: 6315: 6312: 6310: 6307: 6305: 6302: 6300: 6297: 6295: 6292: 6290: 6287: 6285: 6282: 6280: 6277: 6275: 6272: 6270: 6267: 6266: 6264: 6262:United States 6260: 6256: 6252: 6248: 6241: 6236: 6234: 6229: 6227: 6222: 6221: 6218: 6206: 6205: 6204:South America 6201: 6199: 6197: 6195: 6193: 6190: 6188: 6185: 6183: 6182: 6181:North America 6178: 6177: 6174: 6168: 6165: 6163: 6160: 6158: 6155: 6153: 6150: 6148: 6145: 6143: 6140: 6138: 6135: 6133: 6130: 6128: 6125: 6123: 6120: 6118: 6115: 6113: 6110: 6108: 6105: 6103: 6100: 6098: 6097:French Guiana 6095: 6093: 6090: 6088: 6085: 6083: 6080: 6078: 6075: 6073: 6070: 6068: 6065: 6063: 6060: 6058: 6055: 6054: 6052: 6050: 6045: 6041: 6036: 6026: 6023: 6021: 6018: 6016: 6015:United States 6013: 6011: 6008: 6006: 6003: 6001: 5998: 5996: 5993: 5991: 5988: 5986: 5983: 5981: 5978: 5976: 5973: 5971: 5968: 5966: 5963: 5961: 5958: 5956: 5953: 5951: 5948: 5946: 5943: 5941: 5938: 5936: 5933: 5931: 5928: 5926: 5923: 5921: 5918: 5916: 5913: 5911: 5908: 5906: 5903: 5901: 5898: 5896: 5893: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5883: 5881: 5878: 5876: 5873: 5871: 5868: 5866: 5863: 5861: 5858: 5856: 5853: 5852: 5850: 5848: 5842: 5838: 5830: 5825: 5823: 5818: 5816: 5811: 5810: 5807: 5795: 5787: 5785: 5777: 5775: 5767: 5765: 5755: 5754: 5751: 5744: 5740: 5738: 5735: 5733: 5730: 5728: 5725: 5723: 5720: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5707: 5705: 5703: 5700: 5699: 5697: 5693: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5679: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5667: 5664: 5662: 5659: 5657: 5654: 5652: 5649: 5647: 5644: 5642: 5639: 5638: 5636: 5634: 5630: 5624: 5621: 5619: 5616: 5614: 5611: 5609: 5606: 5604: 5601: 5599: 5596: 5594: 5591: 5589: 5586: 5584: 5581: 5579: 5576: 5574: 5571: 5569: 5566: 5564: 5561: 5560: 5558: 5556: 5552: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5533: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5523: 5522: 5520: 5516: 5510: 5509:Code-division 5507: 5505: 5502: 5500: 5497: 5495: 5494:Time-division 5492: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5482: 5481: 5479: 5477: 5473: 5467: 5464: 5460: 5457: 5455: 5452: 5451: 5450: 5447: 5443: 5440: 5439: 5438: 5435: 5433: 5430: 5428: 5425: 5424: 5422: 5420:and switching 5418: 5414: 5406: 5403: 5402: 5401: 5398: 5394: 5391: 5390: 5389: 5386: 5384: 5381: 5379: 5376: 5372: 5371:optical fiber 5369: 5368: 5367: 5364: 5362: 5361:Coaxial cable 5359: 5358: 5356: 5354: 5348: 5342: 5339: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5312: 5309: 5307: 5304: 5302: 5299: 5297: 5294: 5292: 5289: 5287: 5284: 5282: 5279: 5277: 5276:Radia Perlman 5274: 5272: 5269: 5267: 5264: 5262: 5259: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5249: 5247: 5244: 5242: 5239: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5229: 5227: 5224: 5222: 5219: 5217: 5214: 5212: 5209: 5207: 5204: 5202: 5199: 5197: 5194: 5192: 5189: 5187: 5184: 5182: 5179: 5177: 5174: 5172: 5169: 5167: 5166:Lee de Forest 5164: 5162: 5161:Thomas Edison 5159: 5157: 5154: 5152: 5151:Donald Davies 5149: 5147: 5144: 5142: 5139: 5137: 5136:Claude Chappe 5134: 5132: 5129: 5127: 5124: 5122: 5119: 5117: 5114: 5112: 5109: 5107: 5104: 5102: 5099: 5097: 5094: 5092: 5089: 5087: 5084: 5082: 5079: 5077: 5074: 5072: 5069: 5067: 5064: 5063: 5061: 5057: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5043: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5029: 5026: 5024: 5021: 5020: 5019: 5016: 5014: 5013: 5009: 5007: 5004: 5001: 4998: 4996: 4993: 4991: 4988: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4980:Smoke signals 4978: 4974: 4971: 4969: 4966: 4964: 4961: 4960: 4959: 4958:Semiconductor 4956: 4952: 4949: 4948: 4947: 4944: 4942: 4939: 4937: 4934: 4932: 4929: 4927: 4924: 4922: 4919: 4917: 4914: 4912: 4909: 4907: 4904: 4900: 4897: 4896: 4895: 4892: 4890: 4887: 4885: 4882: 4880: 4877: 4875: 4872: 4870: 4867: 4865: 4862: 4860: 4857: 4855: 4852: 4850: 4847: 4845: 4842: 4838: 4835: 4833: 4830: 4828: 4825: 4823: 4820: 4819: 4818: 4817:Digital media 4815: 4811: 4808: 4806: 4803: 4801: 4798: 4796: 4793: 4792: 4791: 4788: 4786: 4783: 4781: 4778: 4776: 4773: 4771: 4768: 4766: 4763: 4761: 4758: 4757: 4755: 4753: 4749: 4745: 4738: 4733: 4731: 4726: 4724: 4719: 4718: 4715: 4709: 4706: 4705: 4685: 4681: 4675: 4664: 4657: 4652: 4645: 4641: 4635: 4627: 4621: 4607: 4603: 4597: 4583:on 2011-07-18 4582: 4578: 4572: 4564: 4557: 4551: 4548: 4542: 4536: 4533: 4527: 4520: 4517: 4511: 4505: 4501: 4498: 4492: 4489: 4484: 4481: 4475: 4469: 4466: 4460: 4453: 4447: 4440: 4434: 4419: 4415: 4409: 4394: 4390: 4384: 4376: 4370: 4362: 4358: 4357: 4352: 4346: 4335: 4328: 4322: 4308:on 2015-01-18 4304: 4297: 4291: 4284: 4280: 4276: 4270: 4254: 4253: 4245: 4239: 4224: 4220: 4214: 4206: 4200: 4192: 4186: 4178: 4172: 4164: 4158: 4143:on 2013-01-18 4142: 4138: 4134: 4130: 4124: 4117: 4111: 4104: 4098: 4092:(1984), p.119 4091: 4085: 4083: 4067: 4060: 4053: 4047: 4045: 4043: 4035: 4029: 4014: 4013: 4006: 3999: 3995: 3991: 3990: 3985: 3981: 3978: 3973: 3958: 3954: 3950: 3943: 3936: 3930: 3923: 3917: 3910: 3909: 3903: 3901: 3894: 3888: 3886: 3884: 3882: 3880: 3864: 3860: 3856: 3849: 3835: 3831: 3827: 3823: 3819: 3812: 3805: 3800: 3792: 3786: 3780: 3775: 3761:on 2012-06-04 3760: 3756: 3755:"About NANPA" 3750: 3741: 3733: 3727: 3709: 3702: 3689:on 2012-09-07 3685: 3678: 3672: 3670: 3668: 3660: 3659: 3653: 3646: 3640: 3632: 3631: 3623: 3609:on 2012-06-04 3608: 3604: 3598: 3591: 3585: 3578: 3572: 3570: 3568: 3552: 3546: 3538: 3534: 3530: 3526: 3519: 3504: 3497: 3483:on 2015-10-09 3482: 3478: 3472: 3464: 3458: 3447: 3441: 3437: 3427: 3424: 3422: 3419: 3417: 3414: 3413: 3407: 3405: 3401: 3397: 3393: 3389: 3385: 3381: 3377: 3373: 3370:" written by 3369: 3365: 3360: 3358: 3354: 3350: 3346: 3342: 3338: 3334: 3324: 3322: 3318: 3314: 3310: 3306: 3305:area code 865 3303:was assigned 3302: 3298: 3294: 3293:area code 423 3289: 3287: 3286:1-800-FLOWERS 3283: 3279: 3274: 3272: 3268: 3263: 3261: 3257: 3256: 3255:BUtterfield 8 3251: 3247: 3246: 3241: 3236: 3234: 3230: 3219: 3216: 3215: 3211: 3208: 3207: 3203: 3200: 3199: 3195: 3192: 3191: 3187: 3184: 3183: 3179: 3176: 3175: 3171: 3168: 3167: 3163: 3160: 3159: 3152: 3145: 3142: 3141: 3133: 3130: 3127: 3114: 3113: 3110: 3107: 3105: 3103: 3100: 3098: 3087: 3086: 3083: 3080: 3078: 3076: 3072: 3068: 3065: 3063: 3062:United States 3052: 3051: 3048: 3045: 3043: 3041: 3038: 3036: 3025: 3024: 3021: 3018: 3015: 3013: 3010: 3008: 2997: 2996: 2993: 2990: 2988: 2986: 2983: 2981: 2970: 2969: 2966: 2963: 2960: 2958: 2955: 2953: 2942: 2941: 2938: 2935: 2932: 2930: 2927: 2925: 2914: 2913: 2910: 2907: 2905: 2903: 2900: 2898: 2887: 2886: 2883: 2880: 2877: 2875: 2871: 2868: 2866: 2855: 2854: 2851: 2849: 2846: 2843: 2841: 2830: 2829: 2826: 2823: 2821: 2819: 2816: 2814: 2803: 2802: 2799: 2796: 2794: 2792: 2788: 2785: 2783: 2772: 2771: 2768: 2765: 2763: 2760: 2757: 2755: 2744: 2743: 2740: 2737: 2734: 2732: 2729: 2727: 2716: 2715: 2712: 2709: 2707: 2705: 2701: 2697: 2694: 2692: 2681: 2680: 2677: 2674: 2671: 2667: 2665: 2662: 2660: 2649: 2648: 2645: 2642: 2640: 2638: 2635: 2633: 2622: 2621: 2618: 2615: 2613: 2611: 2607: 2603: 2600: 2598: 2593: 2588: 2587: 2584: 2581: 2578: 2576: 2573: 2571: 2560: 2559: 2556: 2553: 2551: 2549: 2546: 2544: 2533: 2532: 2529: 2526: 2523: 2521: 2518: 2516: 2505: 2504: 2501: 2498: 2495: 2493: 2490: 2488: 2477: 2476: 2473: 2469: 2466: 2463: 2460: 2458: 2455: 2453: 2442: 2441: 2438: 2435: 2432: 2430: 2427: 2425: 2414: 2413: 2410: 2407: 2405: 2402: 2399: 2397: 2386: 2385: 2381: 2378: 2375: 2372: 2371: 2368: 2366: 2362: 2358: 2354: 2343: 2340: 2335: 2333: 2332:area code 900 2328: 2323: 2318: 2315: 2304: 2302: 2298: 2293: 2291: 2286: 2284: 2280: 2276: 2272: 2268: 2264: 2254: 2252: 2248: 2244: 2243: 2237: 2235: 2225: 2223: 2219: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2203: 2199: 2193: 2191: 2187: 2183: 2179: 2175: 2171: 2168:uses 211 for 2167: 2163: 2159: 2155: 2151: 2146: 2144: 2140: 2136: 2133: 2125: 2122: 2119: 2116: 2113: 2110: 2107: 2104: 2101: 2098: 2094: 2091: 2087: 2084: 2080: 2079: 2078: 2076: 2069: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2054: 2050: 2049:Feature group 2046: 2043: 2039: 2036: 2033: 2029: 2026: 2023: 2019: 2015: 2012: 2009: 2006: 2003: 1999: 1996: 1993: 1990: 1987: 1984: 1981: 1978: 1975: 1972: 1969: 1965: 1962: 1959: 1956: 1953: 1949: 1947: 1943: 1942: 1941: 1937: 1927: 1924: 1920: 1918: 1907: 1904: 1901: 1898: 1895: 1894: 1890: 1887: 1884: 1881: 1878: 1877: 1873: 1870: 1867: 1864: 1861: 1860: 1856: 1853: 1850: 1847: 1844: 1843: 1839: 1836: 1833: 1830: 1828: 1827: 1824: 1821: 1819: 1814: 1804: 1802: 1799:would become 1798: 1794: 1793:San Francisco 1790: 1786: 1780: 1775: 1760: 1757: 1754: 1753: 1749: 1746: 1743: 1742: 1738: 1735: 1732: 1731: 1727: 1724: 1721: 1720: 1716: 1713: 1710: 1709: 1703: 1700: 1697: 1696: 1692: 1689: 1686: 1685: 1682: 1680: 1676: 1672: 1668: 1664: 1660: 1656: 1646: 1644: 1639: 1635: 1633: 1628: 1624: 1613: 1611: 1607: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1593:area code 651 1590: 1586: 1585:area code 612 1581: 1577: 1575: 1571: 1560: 1558: 1554: 1549: 1545: 1539: 1537: 1536:area code 520 1533: 1532:area code 360 1529: 1528:area code 334 1525: 1519: 1517: 1513: 1509: 1504: 1502: 1501:area code 917 1498: 1494: 1490: 1489: 1484: 1479: 1476: 1471: 1469: 1465: 1454: 1451: 1443: 1440:February 2014 1433: 1429: 1423: 1422: 1417:This section 1415: 1411: 1406: 1405: 1397: 1394: 1393:New York City 1388: 1386: 1382: 1378: 1374: 1373:telemarketing 1369: 1364: 1362: 1357: 1351: 1349: 1348:area code 600 1345: 1335: 1333: 1329: 1328:area code 600 1326:. In Canada, 1325: 1324:area code 700 1320: 1318: 1312: 1309: 1307: 1297: 1295: 1290: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1274: 1269: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1249: 1247: 1243: 1239: 1234: 1232: 1228: 1224: 1220: 1215: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1189: 1186:For example, 1185: 1184: 1183: 1181: 1172: 1168: 1166: 1162: 1158: 1155: 1152: 1151: 1148: 1147:exchange code 1144: 1141: 1137: 1134: 1131: 1128: 1127: 1123: 1120: 1116: 1113: 1110: 1103: 1102: 1098: 1095: 1092: 1089: 1088: 1085: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1049: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1029: 1027: 1023: 1022:mobile phones 1019: 1015: 1011: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 988: 984: 980: 976: 971: 969: 965: 961: 957: 953: 949: 945: 941: 923: 921: 917: 913: 909: 905: 900: 898: 892: 890: 882:640 CO codes 881: 875: 871: 868: 865: 862: 861: 857: 854: 851: 848: 847: 843: 840: 837: 834: 833: 829: 826: 823: 820: 819: 815: 812: 809: 806: 805: 801: 798: 795: 792: 791: 787: 784: 781: 778: 777: 773: 770: 767: 764: 763: 757: 752: 747: 742: 741: 737: 736: 727: 726: 713: 710: 706: 702: 692: 690: 685: 680: 678: 674: 671:was used for 670: 666: 662: 658: 648: 646: 642: 638: 634: 633:service codes 630: 626: 621: 619: 615: 611: 607: 603: 598: 596: 595:area code 219 592: 588: 584: 580: 576: 572: 571:area code 201 568: 564: 554: 552: 551: 544: 542: 538: 534: 530: 526: 522: 518: 514: 508: 506: 502: 497: 495: 491: 487: 483: 479: 469: 466: 461: 459: 455: 451: 447: 437: 434: 430: 426: 422: 418: 414: 409: 407: 403: 393: 391: 387: 386:area code 721 383: 378: 376: 372: 368: 364: 361:, except for 360: 356: 352: 348: 344: 340: 336: 332: 327: 325: 321: 317: 313: 309: 304: 301: 300:area code 809 297: 287: 285: 281: 277: 272: 270: 266: 262: 257: 253: 249: 245: 241: 236: 234: 229: 220: 211: 209: 205: 201: 197: 193: 189: 185: 181: 177: 172: 170: 166: 162: 158: 154: 150: 146: 142: 138: 133: 131: 127: 124: 120: 116: 112: 111:North America 108: 104: 100: 91: 87: 83: 81: 77: 73: 71: 67: 62: 58: 54: 47: 42: 37: 33: 19: 6717: 6685:by continent 6556: 6549: 6542: 6535: 6528: 6474:South Dakota 6464:Rhode Island 6459:Pennsylvania 6439:North Dakota 6254: 6202: 6179: 6152:Sint Maarten 6137:Saint Martin 6044:Dependencies 5476:Multiplexing 5351:Transmission 5316:Nikola Tesla 5306:Henry Sutton 5261:Samuel Morse 5191:Robert Hooke 5156:Amos Dolbear 5091:John Bardeen 5010: 4990:Telautograph 4894:Mobile phone 4849:Edholm's law 4832:social media 4765:Broadcasting 4688:. Retrieved 4683: 4674: 4663: 4651: 4643: 4634: 4620: 4609:. Retrieved 4605: 4596: 4585:. Retrieved 4581:the original 4571: 4556: 4541: 4526: 4510: 4503: 4474: 4459: 4451: 4446: 4438: 4433: 4422:. Retrieved 4420:. 2023-11-30 4417: 4408: 4397:. Retrieved 4395:. 2020-07-16 4392: 4383: 4369: 4354: 4345: 4334:the original 4321: 4310:. Retrieved 4303:the original 4290: 4269: 4257:. Retrieved 4250: 4238: 4227:. Retrieved 4222: 4213: 4199: 4185: 4171: 4157: 4147:November 13, 4145:. Retrieved 4141:the original 4132: 4123: 4115: 4110: 4102: 4097: 4089: 4070:. Retrieved 4059: 4051: 4033: 4028: 4017:. Retrieved 4011: 4005: 3997: 3993: 3987: 3972: 3961:. Retrieved 3956: 3952: 3942: 3934: 3929: 3921: 3916: 3906: 3892: 3867:. Retrieved 3862: 3858: 3848: 3837:. Retrieved 3825: 3821: 3811: 3799: 3785: 3774: 3763:. Retrieved 3759:the original 3749: 3740: 3726: 3715:. Retrieved 3698:Updated by: 3691:. Retrieved 3684:the original 3657: 3652: 3644: 3639: 3628: 3622: 3611:. Retrieved 3607:the original 3597: 3589: 3584: 3576: 3555:. Retrieved 3545: 3531:(5): 851–9. 3528: 3524: 3518: 3507:. Retrieved 3501:ITU; ITU-T. 3496: 3485:. Retrieved 3481:the original 3471: 3457: 3440: 3404:Tommy Tutone 3372:Glenn Miller 3361: 3348: 3344: 3330: 3312: 3308: 3290: 3275: 3264: 3253: 3243: 3240:Glenn Miller 3237: 3225: 3122: 2980:Sint Maarten 2365:country code 2356: 2349: 2336: 2319: 2310: 2307:Toll charges 2294: 2287: 2260: 2251:country code 2246: 2240: 2238: 2231: 2222:trunk prefix 2217: 2213: 2194: 2160:, as in the 2147: 2142: 2129: 2073: 1939: 1925: 1921: 1913: 1822: 1817: 1810: 1800: 1796: 1788: 1784: 1781: 1777: 1755:Sint Maarten 1652: 1640: 1636: 1619: 1582: 1578: 1566: 1540: 1523: 1520: 1505: 1496: 1492: 1486: 1482: 1480: 1472: 1461: 1446: 1437: 1426:Please help 1421:verification 1418: 1389: 1365: 1360: 1355: 1352: 1341: 1321: 1313: 1310: 1305: 1303: 1293: 1285:+12505550199 1284: 1281:+1NPANXXXXXX 1280: 1270: 1261: 1258:NPA-NXX-XXXX 1257: 1255: 1245: 1241: 1238:country code 1235: 1230: 1226: 1223:NYX 555-XXXX 1222: 1221:of the form 1216: 1213: 1208:123 234-5678 1207: 1203: 1200:314 159-2653 1199: 1196:394 259-2653 1195: 1192:234 911-5678 1191: 1188:234 235-5678 1187: 1177: 1171:station code 1170: 1169:Also called 1164: 1160: 1156:Line number 1146: 1145:Also called 1139: 1118: 1108: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1058:NYX NXX-XXXX 1057: 1055: 1041: 1037: 1035: 1024:and digital 998: 978: 974: 972: 967: 963: 959: 955: 951: 943: 939: 929: 919: 915: 911: 907: 903: 901: 896: 893: 887: 709:foreign area 708: 698: 688: 681: 676: 668: 660: 656: 654: 640: 636: 628: 624: 622: 617: 613: 609: 605: 601: 599: 560: 548: 545: 525:Pennsylvania 509: 504: 498: 493: 481: 477: 475: 462: 443: 416: 410: 405: 401: 399: 382:Sint Maarten 379: 365:). The only 363:Sint Maarten 328: 324:All Red Line 305: 293: 283: 279: 275: 273: 251: 247: 243: 237: 225: 191: 175: 173: 134: 125: 121:and has the 119:World Zone 1 102: 98: 96: 70:Country code 64:Access codes 59:NYX NXX-XXXX 6611:El Salvador 6551:Puerto Rico 6389:Mississippi 6299:Connecticut 6122:Puerto Rico 6049:territories 5995:Saint Lucia 5930:El Salvador 5676:NPL network 5388:Radio waves 5326:Alfred Vail 5236:Hedy Lamarr 5221:Dawon Kahng 5181:Elisha Gray 5141:Yogen Dalal 5066:Nasir Ahmed 5000:Teleprinter 4864:Heliographs 4516:47 CFR 4497:47 CFR 4488:47 CFR 4273:See, e.g., 4259:11 November 3920:W.H. Nunn, 3380:Marvin Gaye 2924:Saint Lucia 2865:Puerto Rico 2379:Letter code 2357:Letter code 2085:subscribers 2047:950-xxxx — 1698:Puerto Rico 1659:Puerto Rico 1524:last resort 1381:robocallers 1356:caller pays 1350:in Canada. 1332:900 numbers 1052:Modern plan 995:Los Angeles 983:San Antonio 935: 1973 682:The use of 486:U.S. states 375:Puerto Rico 308:territories 141:Bell System 6777:Categories 6740:Antarctica 6601:Costa Rica 6509:Washington 6424:New Mexico 6419:New Jersey 6289:California 6251:area codes 6117:Montserrat 6112:Martinique 6107:Guadeloupe 5905:Costa Rica 5722:Antarctica 5681:Toasternet 5603:Television 5086:Paul Baran 5018:Television 5002:(teletype) 4995:Telegraphy 4973:transistor 4951:Phryctoria 4921:Photophone 4899:Smartphone 4889:Mass media 4690:2017-06-28 4611:2018-09-27 4587:2009-03-13 4450:AT&T, 4437:AT&T, 4424:2024-02-01 4399:2021-12-06 4312:2015-01-18 4229:2022-02-10 4114:AT&T, 4072:2019-02-01 4019:2019-02-01 3963:2022-12-26 3933:AT&T, 3869:2023-07-11 3839:2023-07-11 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North American Numbering Plan

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