56:
2002:
8222:
359:
4136:. The directive states that the department will be set up with one Director and several deputies, and the organizational structure will be set up with one office and five bureaus. The office is in charge of political, secretarial and administrative work, and the five bureaus are: the Bureau of Theory, Bureau of Propaganda and Education, Bureau of Arts and Culture, Bureau of News, and Bureau of Publishing. The directive states that the staff will be fixed at around 200 personnel, selected from propaganda personnel across the country in consultation with the Central Organization Department.
3608:
2012:
7388:
5660:
4089:, the role of CCP leadership in the media, copyright law, libel law, national security law, regulations governing news content, and journalistic ethics prior to renewing press identification passes in 2003. The report states that media personnel are required to participate in "ideological training sessions", where they are evaluated for their "loyalty to the party." Further "political indoctrination" courses are said to occur at meetings and training retreats to study party political ideology, and the role of the media in "thought work" (
4117:, in December 2022, the department issued a directive stating that in order to obtain credentials as a professional journalist, they must pass a national exam and "...must support the leadership of the Communist Party of China, conscientiously study, publicize and implement Xi Jinping’s thoughts on the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, resolutely implement the party’s theory, line, principles and policies, and adhere to the correct political direction and public opinion guidance."
1985:
7340:
5701:
4046:
media workers at the weekly meeting or via secret bulletins. However, since the rise of social networking tools, Propaganda
Department instructions have been leaked to the internet. Examples presented by Schiller include "All websites need to use bright red color to promote a celebratory atmosphere " and "negative reports... not exceed 30 per cent".
4053:
organs for the CCP in principle. Operational and reporting freedom increased in the
Chinese media in the early 2000s. However, open defiance against the Propaganda Department directives is rare, as dissenting media organizations risk severe punishment, including restructuring or closure. In 2000, a
4045:
Schiller says the editors-in-chief of China's major media outlets must attend the department's central office weekly to receive instructions on which stories should be emphasized, downplayed, or not reported at all. These instructions are not normally known to the public, but are communicated to
3828:
changed its official
English name from "Propaganda Department of the Communist Party of China" to "Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China". As China's involvement in world affairs grew in the 1990s, the CCP became sensitive to the negative connotations of the English translation
6578:
6788:
6773:
6768:
6763:
6758:
4061:
One important way the
Propaganda Department has ensured that the media system remains well controlled is by ensuring that the boundaries of acceptable reporting are kept "deliberately fuzzy" in an effort to ensure that "news workers self-censor to a critical degree."
4058:, was sentenced to prison after giving Propaganda Department instructions to a pro-democracy website; according to an American organization, the Dui Hua Foundation, the case was related to "illegally providing state secrets to foreign entities".
6643:
6638:
6633:
6628:
6623:
6618:
6613:
6608:
6603:
6598:
6593:
6588:
6583:
1389:
4991:
In recent years however the Party State has recognised the negative connotations of the word "propaganda" in
English and now official English translations refer to the "Publicity Department" (although xuanchuan continues to the used in
7321:
538:
5964:
8755:
4150:
New departments and offices were set up in 2004 to deal with the growing demands of information control. One, the Bureau of Public
Opinion, is in charge of commissioning public opinion surveys and other relevant research.
6753:
6748:
2651:
6214:
7097:
7092:
7087:
7082:
7077:
7063:
5530:
8506:
6209:
8552:
3397:
1963:
2380:
1411:
2409:
2079:
8938:
8778:
8500:
6091:
2396:
8211:
6803:
6798:
6793:
6783:
6778:
5397:
4077:
The report says that the
Central Propaganda Department plays a key role in monitoring editors and journalists through a national registration system. It also says that in 2003, the CPD, along with the
1917:
1280:
8514:
8673:
1943:
1904:
8630:
717:
8866:
4082:
1930:
1401:
1297:
511:
8871:
7629:
6738:
1276:
8828:
7586:
6899:
6103:
3724:
in 1949, the department had an increased role in activities related to mass organizations like trade unions, artists' associations, and party branches. It became an important mechanism for
2386:
520:
7581:
7072:
7067:
7047:
6894:
4498:
2305:
1973:
1948:
8888:
6096:
5922:
1891:
7057:
4147:
member responsible for the media, while local committees of the
Propaganda Department work with lower levels of the party-state hierarchy to transmit content priorities to the media.
493:
5595:
3304:
795:
8189:
8204:
6453:
6448:
6443:
6438:
6433:
6428:
6423:
6418:
6413:
6408:
6403:
6016:
1953:
1039:
140:
436:
6473:
6398:
6393:
6383:
6378:
4184:
4175:
3865:" system, the Central Propaganda Department has several external names it uses when dealing with a particular manner (i.e., a public government statement). These names include:
112:
31:
2001:
8066:
7656:
7053:
6947:
6942:
6937:
6006:
5900:
4110:) of the Central Propaganda Department announced that training and testing of news professionals nationwide would be handled through the "Study Xi, Strong Nation" mobile app.
3407:
3086:
2723:
1467:
1219:
7577:
6813:
1760:
1477:
1286:
529:
450:
8144:
6023:
5954:
1865:
1724:
1526:
8197:
8080:
7916:
6363:
6028:
5996:
5823:
5519:
4144:
2224:
1244:
1091:
1035:
611:
8221:
6123:
3120:
2696:
1594:
8823:
4132:
A 1977 directive on the re-establishment of the
Central Propaganda Department reveals the structure and organization of the "extremely secretive" body, according to
2322:
2339:
2095:
752:
5490:
8818:
8580:
7814:
5867:
4803:
3412:
1516:
1462:
1385:
221:
5354:
5309:
8896:
7802:
5852:
3985:
1437:
1425:
1251:
629:
624:
619:
565:
5626:
5378:
7027:
7022:
7017:
7012:
7007:
7002:
6997:
6992:
6987:
6982:
6977:
6335:
6330:
6325:
6320:
6315:
6310:
6305:
6300:
6295:
6290:
6285:
5564:
3536:
2471:
2375:
2169:
1580:
1333:
997:
987:
502:
4074:, the Central Propaganda Department is the most important institution for monitoring media personnel and controlling the content of print and visual media.
4049:
Propaganda
Department directives are enforced by disciplines within the CCP, as all media in China are required to be loyal to the CCP, and are to serve as
8560:
7140:
6972:
6967:
6962:
6957:
6952:
6280:
6275:
6270:
6265:
6260:
6255:
6250:
6245:
6240:
6140:
5959:
2990:
1130:
700:
372:
3758:"Chinese Communist Party Central Publicity Department" or "Central Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China", colloquially abbreviated as the
8848:
8763:
8735:
8590:
7833:
7761:
6163:
5917:
4922:
3453:
3241:
1993:
1756:
1064:
8884:
8595:
8250:
8225:
3340:
2461:
2105:
2031:
1565:
1343:
55:
8892:
8219:
7122:
7117:
7112:
7107:
7102:
6932:
6478:
6373:
5974:
5690:
5232:
4304:
3721:
2451:
1836:
1270:
1175:
766:
606:
591:
3735:. The state incorporated existing cultural enterprises into the state apparatus, which provided stable income and working environments for artists.
8686:
7765:
7649:
7507:
7426:
7316:
6922:
6230:
5814:
5714:
4140:
3671:
3439:
2100:
1773:
1075:
1004:
993:
983:
233:
108:
8406:
8391:
8356:
6728:
6723:
6718:
6713:
6708:
6703:
6698:
6693:
6688:
6683:
5199:
4078:
3717:, the department was assigned leadership and censorship tasks in the areas of theory, opinion, education, and culture as part of the war effort.
3457:
3417:
2761:
1968:
1052:
745:
472:
8793:
7822:
6678:
6388:
5877:
4234:
3172:
2554:
1958:
1496:
8615:
8490:
8085:
7785:
6558:
6553:
6548:
6543:
6538:
6533:
6528:
6523:
6518:
6513:
6508:
6050:
6011:
5895:
4199:
2522:
1717:
1206:
1028:
418:
17:
8943:
8570:
8323:
8304:
7520:
7037:
6503:
6498:
6493:
6488:
6483:
6204:
4535:
4531:
4204:
4009:
3739:
3732:
3443:
2792:
1683:
1266:
245:
209:
5585:
8600:
8178:
7391:
3645:
2656:
1729:
1338:
974:
861:
725:
8948:
8610:
8532:
8351:
8341:
7931:
7377:
6668:
5829:
4101:
As of 2009, 90 percent of China's newspapers consisted of light stories regarding sport and entertainment, which are rarely regulated.
2201:
2088:
1688:
1452:
1048:
441:
8933:
8853:
8813:
8620:
8421:
7838:
6175:
6118:
6113:
6070:
6001:
5927:
5115:
4698:
4054:
system of warnings was introduced for individual journalists, whereby repeat offenses can lead to dismissal. One Chinese journalist,
2665:
2466:
2159:
2110:
1310:
8843:
8838:
8575:
7776:
6463:
6128:
5819:
5668:
4482:
3907:
3209:
3189:
2486:
2037:
1457:
1024:
695:
596:
397:
249:
8833:
8545:
8431:
7192:
3679:
3485:
3033:
2787:
1482:
865:
8803:
8585:
8565:
8485:
8291:
7212:
3513:
3449:
1712:
1671:
880:
874:
846:
653:
3618:
8928:
8396:
8071:
7326:
5984:
5725:
5700:
5683:
5166:
5068:
4984:
4649:
3929:
2932:
2881:
2177:
1008:
853:
484:
5082:
4663:
8441:
8336:
3392:
3372:
3323:
3319:
3309:
3194:
2673:
2074:
2062:
2056:
1487:
8788:
8696:
8477:
8416:
8401:
8366:
8331:
7642:
6568:
5834:
3477:
3295:
3290:
2576:
2570:
1751:
1707:
1058:
642:
8722:
8658:
8643:
8371:
8361:
8235:
8075:
6145:
5989:
5979:
5472:
4949:
4525:
3541:
3265:
3165:
3003:
2947:
2611:
2605:
2422:
2011:
1472:
1372:
954:
4785:
1984:
8522:
7227:
6055:
5344:
5299:
5140:
4896:
3579:
3561:
3546:
3518:
2261:
2256:
2249:
2218:
924:
379:
3762:"Chinese Communist Party Publicity Department" or "Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China", or simply
8663:
8446:
7343:
6108:
5676:
5616:
4545:
3939:
3869:
2771:
2593:
2507:
2312:
5556:
8798:
8648:
7165:
4840:
4582:
3638:
3422:
2807:
2138:
8906:
8768:
8727:
8717:
7847:
7370:
7355:
5934:
3862:
3698:. The department is a key organ in the CCP's propaganda system, and its inner operations are highly secretive.
3074:
2598:
2278:
1910:
1849:
1447:
1429:
775:
292:
4954:
4912:
8638:
8527:
8456:
8411:
8346:
8309:
6168:
4042:, although the department has offices throughout the country at the provincial, municipal, and county level.
3991:
3695:
2300:
1698:
1368:
455:
278:
8773:
8426:
7810:
5969:
5862:
4693:
3981:
3946:
3508:
3345:
3179:
3069:
3048:
2913:
2900:
2433:
2344:
2334:
2268:
822:
668:
663:
384:
8259:
5224:
358:
8712:
8386:
8381:
8137:
7311:
7150:
3912:
3500:
3160:
2634:
2628:
2273:
1988:
1878:
812:
790:
5004:
Mackinnon, Stephen R. (January 1997). "Toward a History of the Chinese Press in the Republican Period".
8538:
8436:
4023:
3631:
3594:
3556:
3526:
3258:
3155:
2644:
2621:
2586:
2234:
2211:
906:
5191:
3750:
The CCPPD has several Chinese names with various different English translations. Officially it is the
8451:
8376:
7363:
4888:
4285:
2819:
2766:
2195:
1693:
817:
707:
403:
391:
5698:
7180:
7155:
6060:
4034:, or the rule of the CCP. He says its central offices are located in an unmarked building near the
3467:
3360:
3099:
3028:
3016:
2802:
2543:
2527:
2005:
1442:
911:
683:
7170:
5704:
5384:
4641:
4039:
3675:
3430:
3057:
2893:
2456:
2428:
2327:
1542:
1395:
839:
4249:(January 1943 – December 1952), as head of the "Central Propaganda Commission" from 1943 to 1945
8605:
7818:
5910:
5872:
5006:
3589:
3551:
3355:
3140:
3133:
3079:
2876:
2283:
2244:
2205:
1237:
575:
8653:
8281:
6133:
5304:
3731:
The department organized networks of cultural workers' associations which were headed by the
3228:
3064:
1590:
658:
648:
560:
555:
8052:
7791:
7217:
7202:
7175:
6065:
5905:
5255:
4270:
4055:
3471:
3463:
3382:
3335:
3299:
3283:
3021:
2814:
2476:
2368:
2317:
1858:
1808:
1232:
901:
891:
761:
5104:
4688:
8:
8242:
6081:
4281:
4165:
3977:
3973:
3707:
3691:
3687:
3683:
3531:
3331:
3234:
3199:
3108:
3043:
2871:
2689:
2154:
1884:
1570:
949:
780:
427:
5659:
5454:
5105:"Xi's centralisation of external propaganda: SCIO and the Central Propaganda Department"
8681:
7232:
7207:
6877:
5477:
5450:
5280:
5170:
5039:
5031:
4790:
4763:
4755:
3917:
3350:
3184:
2840:
2826:
2295:
1512:
1380:
1316:
1290:
961:
939:
931:
740:
570:
123:
7387:
5423:
Hassid, Jonathan (June 2008). "Controlling the Chinese Media: An Uncertain Business".
4125:
At its 1924 establishment, the department was structured using its counterpart in the
4018:, its scope is to control licensing of media outlets, and to give instructions to the
8808:
8691:
7280:
6181:
5617:"China forces journalists to take exam to demonstrate loyalty, political correctness"
5482:
5442:
5389:
5379:"China Targets News Media in Xi Jinping's Campaign to Expand Communist Party Control"
5284:
5272:
5074:
5064:
5043:
5023:
4980:
4892:
4854:
4795:
4767:
4747:
4730:
4655:
4645:
4515:
4031:
3495:
3145:
3115:
2908:
2846:
2797:
2512:
2015:
349:
4829:"Guiding Hand: The Role of the CCP Central Propaganda Department in the Current Era"
4571:"Guiding Hand: The Role of the CCP Central Propaganda Department in the Current Era"
27:
Internal division of the CCP for ideology-related work and information dissemination
8286:
8276:
7222:
5434:
5264:
5015:
4972:
4844:
4824:
4739:
4728:(January 2007). "China's Propaganda System: Institutions, Processes and Efficacy".
4631:
4586:
4566:
4219:(November 1928 – December 1930), as first head of the Central Propaganda Department
4139:
The leadership of the Propaganda Department is selected with guidance from the CCP
4133:
3435:
3052:
2044:
1636:
1576:
918:
733:
462:
315:
127:
30:"Central Propaganda Department" redirects here. For the Vietnamese department, see
7260:
7250:
7160:
6195:
5621:
5165:
Hoffman, Samantha (2019). Global Tone Communication Technology Co. Ltd (Report).
5058:
4917:
4725:
4635:
4114:
3853:
traveled abroad on official visits, he was known as the Minister of Information.
3490:
3094:
2022:
409:
7385:
7285:
5468:
5019:
4944:
4521:
4008:)" role in the media control system, working with other organizations like the
3365:
2954:
2918:
2888:
2832:
2481:
1936:
1854:
1822:
1303:
807:
217:
205:
8922:
8783:
7275:
5753:
5741:
5526:
5486:
5446:
5438:
5393:
5276:
5175:
5027:
4858:
4799:
4751:
4659:
4511:
4442:
4375:
4333:
4321:
4240:
4228:
4180:
4071:
4022:
on what is and what is not to be said, especially about certain issues, like
3903:
The Central Propaganda Department owns and runs the following organizations:
3660:
Publicity Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
2996:
2580:
2413:
1842:
1645:
1618:
1604:
944:
688:
550:
201:
155:
142:
38:
Publicity Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
5078:
4743:
7290:
7265:
6853:
6847:
5590:
5425:
5349:
4448:
4415:
4357:
4289:
4126:
4014:
3850:
3714:
3612:
3584:
2923:
2853:
2562:
1783:
1675:
1652:
1625:
1417:
1080:
322:
5268:
5253:
Hoffman, Samantha (April 2022). "China's Tech-Enhanced Authoritarianism".
4976:
4913:"China's Central Propaganda Department Takes Over Regulation of All Media"
7270:
6865:
6859:
5783:
5777:
5765:
4637:
Marketing Dictatorship: Propaganda and Thought Work in Contemporary China
4436:
4430:
4421:
4363:
4351:
4309:
4277:
4252:
4189:
4035:
3923:
3791:
3221:
3103:
3009:
2862:
2777:
2439:
2402:
2390:
1897:
1352:
1167:
1153:
678:
524:
476:
4759:
4085:, required Chinese journalists to attend nearly 50 hours of training on
2080:
State Administration for Sci., Tech. & Industry for National Defense
5795:
5771:
5759:
5735:
4339:
4327:
4300:
4293:
4222:
4083:
State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film, and Television
4050:
4019:
3271:
3215:
2715:
2615:
2502:
2144:
2116:
1923:
1790:
1766:
1659:
1520:
1298:
Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Central Military Commission
1182:
1137:
1098:
1084:
1068:
1015:
533:
497:
488:
466:
422:
413:
240:
5035:
7306:
6900:
Secretary General of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection
6871:
6829:
5789:
4849:
4828:
4591:
4570:
4494:
4478:
4460:
4454:
4394:
4381:
4369:
4345:
4318:(October 1976 – October 1977) as head of the Central Propaganda Group
4315:
4258:
4246:
4210:
4195:
4171:
3777:
3725:
3706:
The department was founded in May 1924, and was suspended during the
3150:
2975:
2753:
2738:
2711:
2228:
1611:
1546:
1405:
1257:
1198:
1111:
886:
515:
189:
177:
8939:
Institutions of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
6895:
Deputy Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection
3754:"Chinese Communist Party Central Committee Publicity Department" or
8239:
6841:
6835:
4541:
4216:
3812:"mass media; means of publicity"), and still others are ambiguous (
3277:
2066:
2048:
1871:
1815:
1584:
1190:
1147:
1107:
506:
431:
213:
7255:
4264:
4086:
2638:
4786:"China Gives Communist Party More Control Over Policy and Media"
3690:. The department is also one of the main entities that enforces
6823:
6188:
4467:
4065:
3999:
2939:
2730:
2703:
1532:
1225:
1212:
1159:
1122:
1115:
896:
61:
32:
Central Propaganda Department of the Communist Party of Vietnam
4198:(April 1927 – October 1927) as acting propaganda chief of the
2724:
Central Guidance Commission on Building Spiritual Civilization
1725:
State-owned Assets Supervision & Administration Commission
8902:
5747:
4027:
3377:
2980:
5653:
3990:
The Central Propaganda Department has a "direct leadership (
7322:
Longest-serving members of the Politburo Standing Committee
5586:"Chinese journalists to be tested on loyalty to Xi Jinping"
2697:
Central Leading Group for Propaganda, Ideology and Culture
5520:"Speak No Evil: Mass Media Control in Contemporary China"
5057:
Chen, Jianfu; Li, Yuwen; Otto, Jan Michiel (2002-05-29).
3787:"propaganda; publicity") has a neutral connotation. Some
5103:
Lulu, Jichang; Jirouš, Filip; Lee, Rachel (2021-01-25).
7392:
Organizational structure of the Chinese Communist Party
5060:
Implementation of Law in the People's Republic of China
4192:(February 1925 - March 1927) as director of propaganda
3986:
Chinese information operations and information warfare
3752:
Zhōngguó Gòngchăndǎng Zhōngyāng Wěiyuánhuì Xuānchuánbù
5139:
Bandurski, David; Parete, Dalia (February 16, 2024).
4971:. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US. pp. 22, 195.
4280:: The Propaganda Department was disbanded during the
4183:(May 1924 – January 1925) as propaganda chief of the
3875:
National Press and Publication Administration (NPPA,
2170:
Independent Commission Against Corruption (Hong Kong)
327:
3938:
The department also owns and controls the following
2991:
Central Leading Group on Hong Kong and Macau Affairs
539:
Politburo Standing Committee longest-serving members
3242:
Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits
1478:
Environmental Protection and Resources Conservation
5377:
4305:Central Organization and Propaganda Leading Group
8920:
7317:List of campaigns of the Chinese Communist Party
4303:(November 1970 – December 1975), as head of the
4168:(1921–1922) as first propaganda chief of the CCP
234:Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
8267:
8226:State Council of the People's Republic of China
5138:
4833:Westminster Papers in Communication and Culture
4687:Xu, Beina; Albert, Eleanor (17 February 2017).
4682:
4680:
4575:Westminster Papers in Communication and Culture
4079:General Administration of Press and Publication
3418:State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs
2645:Judicial Administrative Organs People's Police
643:"People's democratic dictatorship" (Article 1)
8305:Ministers in charge of ministries/commissions
8205:
7371:
6051:Working Committee of Central and State Organs
5684:
5102:
4885:One and All: The Logic of Chinese Sovereignty
4105:
4093:
3894:
3885:
3876:
3816:
3807:
3798:
3782:
3767:
3639:
2762:National Press and Publication Administration
1463:Education, Science, Culture and Public Health
297:
283:
76:
43:
5063:. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. p. 287.
4677:
4536:National Radio and Television Administration
4468:Composition as of the 20th Central Committee
4066:Credentialing and monitoring media personnel
4010:National Radio and Television Administration
3963:Global Tone Communication Technology (GTCOM)
3837:. Official replacement translations include
3740:National Radio and Television Administration
3733:China Federation of Literary and Art Circles
3341:International Development Cooperation Agency
2793:National Radio and Television Administration
1959:Reform & Organizational Structure Office
1689:National Development & Reform Commission
1267:Central Commission for Discipline Inspection
1131:Comprehensively Deepening Reforms Commission
246:National Radio and Television Administration
8179:Cadre system of the Chinese Communist Party
5297:
4538:, alternate member of the Central Committee
3960:China Intercontinental Communication Center
3686:, as well as creation and dissemination of
1566:State Council (Central People's Government)
1176:Financial & Economic Affairs Commission
8212:
8198:
7378:
7364:
5691:
5677:
5658:
5345:"Beijing's 'aim is to make people docile'"
5141:"Human Rights Heist at the United Nations"
5056:
4878:
4876:
4874:
4872:
4870:
4868:
4400:Zhang Jichun (December 1954–November 1956)
4159:
3803:"propaganda war"), others as "publicity" (
3722:founding of the People's Republic of China
3646:
3632:
654:Constitutional oath of office (Article 27)
8907:name reserved by Communist Party agencies
6176:Institute of Party History and Literature
6071:Office for Safeguarding National Security
5554:
5222:
5189:
5174:
5003:
4848:
4724:
4590:
4412:Xu Weicheng (October 1989–September 1992)
4388:
3794:can be translated as "propaganda" (e.g.,
3710:, until it was restored in October 1977.
3398:International Military Cooperation Office
2666:Office for Safeguarding National Security
1311:Central Leading Group for Inspection Work
669:Highest state organ of power (Article 57)
8705:
5557:"News Control, In the Palm of Your Hand"
5467:
5342:
4686:
3954:China International Communication Center
3908:China International Communications Group
3884:National Copyright Administration (NCA,
3210:Central Leading Group for Taiwan Affairs
3190:Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement
2038:National Defense Mobilization Commission
1245:Office of the Central Secrecy Commission
250:China International Communications Group
5252:
5164:
4969:The Globalization of Chinese Propaganda
4882:
4865:
4783:
4284:and it was replaced by units under the
4174:(1922–1923) as propaganda chief of the
3486:Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence
2555:CCP Central Politics and Law Commission
2235:People's Procuratorates Judicial Police
659:Protection of human rights (Article 33)
14:
8921:
7213:Socialism with Chinese characteristics
5878:Political and Legal Affairs Commission
5517:
5422:
3514:China and the World Trade Organization
3450:Visa requirements for Chinese citizens
2587:Public Security Organs People's Police
881:Socialism with Chinese characteristics
8857:
8732:
8193:
8158:
8156:
8154:
8152:
8150:
8148:
8143:
8141:
8135:
8129:
8127:
8125:
8123:
8121:
8119:
8117:
8111:
8109:
8103:
8063:
8061:
8058:
8056:
8051:
8049:
8047:
8045:
8043:
8027:
8007:
8005:
8003:
7987:
7985:
7983:
7981:
7979:
7977:
7975:
7969:
7967:
7965:
7937:
7935:
7930:
7915:
7913:
7907:
7905:
7903:
7897:
7891:
7889:
7887:
7885:
7883:
7881:
7879:
7873:
7871:
7869:
7867:
7861:
7859:
7857:
7830:
7799:
7797:
7784:
7775:
7773:
7760:
7686:
7684:
7678:
7676:
7674:
7664:
7662:
7660:
7655:
7648:
7641:
7639:
7637:
7628:
7626:
7624:
7622:
7620:
7618:
7612:
7610:
7608:
7606:
7604:
7602:
7600:
7576:
7566:
7564:
7562:
7560:
7558:
7556:
7550:
7548:
7546:
7544:
7542:
7540:
7538:
7519:
7506:
7504:
7502:
7500:
7498:
7496:
7494:
7470:
7446:
7444:
7442:
7440:
7438:
7436:
7434:
7425:
7423:
7421:
7419:
7417:
7415:
7413:
7411:
7409:
7407:
7405:
7359:
7327:Emblem of the Chinese Communist Party
5672:
5513:
5511:
5509:
5507:
5418:
5416:
5414:
5343:Schiller, Bill (September 27, 2009).
5338:
5336:
5334:
5332:
5330:
5328:
5326:
5298:Hvistendahl, Mara (August 19, 2020).
5218:
5216:
5167:Australian Strategic Policy Institute
4966:
4925:from the original on 12 November 2021
4823:
4630:
4565:
4544:, ministerial-level, director of the
4534:, ministerial-level, director of the
4524:, ministerial-level, director of the
4518:, member of the CCP Central Committee
4104:In 2019, the Media Oversight Office (
3930:Museum of the Chinese Communist Party
2933:Central Cyberspace Affairs Commission
2882:Overseas censorship of Chinese issues
2622:State Security Organs People's Police
2178:Commission Against Corruption (Macau)
2111:CMC Leading Group for Military Reform
1944:Politics and Legal Affairs Commission
107:Department directly reporting to the
5965:Comprehensively Law-Based Governance
5629:from the original on 12 January 2023
5555:Bandurski, David (August 29, 2019).
4960:
4779:
4777:
4720:
4718:
4716:
4626:
4624:
4622:
4620:
4618:
4616:
4614:
4612:
4610:
4330:(December 25, 1978 – March 12, 1980)
4012:. According to Bill Schiller of the
3373:Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
3195:Cross-Strait Service Trade Agreement
8944:One institution with multiple names
8392:Human Resources and Social Security
5473:"China cracks down on 'false news'"
5375:
5096:
4406:Xiong Fu (June 1966–December 1966)
4403:Zhang Ziyi (November 1956–May 1966)
3478:National Immigration Administration
2523:Federation of Industry and Commerce
2160:Anti-corruption campaign since 2012
1918:National Defense Mobilization Dept.
719:General Principles of the Civil Law
257:*Maintains full minister-level rank
24:
5504:
5411:
5323:
5213:
4559:
4526:Cyberspace Administration of China
3266:Central Foreign Affairs Commission
2948:Cyberspace Administration of China
955:Two Establishes and Two Safeguards
25:
8960:
8949:Organizations established in 1924
7228:Scientific Outlook on Development
6056:Central Financial Work Commission
5960:Comprehensively Deepening Reforms
5645:
5357:from the original on June 7, 2019
4774:
4713:
4701:from the original on 26 July 2020
4607:
4528:, member of the Central Committee
4514:, ministerial-level, head of the
4501:, member of the Central Committee
3856:
3678:(CCP) in charge of spreading its
3670:, is an internal division of the
3519:Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
2376:Political Consultative Conference
1964:Int'l Military Cooperation Office
1949:Science and Technology Commission
1905:Training and Administration Dept.
1752:Central Military Commission (CMC)
925:Scientific Outlook on Development
649:Democratic centralism (Article 3)
267:CCP Central Publicity Department
44:
8934:Chinese propaganda organisations
8220:
7386:
7339:
7338:
6124:Propaganda, Ideology and Culture
5699:
5536:from the original on May 3, 2014
5518:Esarey, Ashley (February 2006).
4546:State Council Information Office
3893:China Film Administration (CFA,
3870:State Council Information Office
3826:Zhōnggòng Zhōngyāng Xuānchuán Bù
3606:
2772:State Council Information Office
2594:State Immigration Administration
2010:
2000:
1983:
1931:Discipline Inspection Commission
1453:Supervisory and Judicial Affairs
664:Freedom of religion (Article 36)
357:
329:Zhōnggòng Zhōngyāng Xuānchuán Bù
54:
8136:Party organizations within the
7166:Communist Youth League of China
6201:Executive Leadership Academies
5901:Office of the General Secretary
5609:
5598:from the original on 2021-11-03
5578:
5567:from the original on 2021-10-29
5548:
5493:from the original on 2023-12-11
5461:
5400:from the original on 2021-10-29
5369:
5312:from the original on 2023-12-08
5291:
5246:
5235:from the original on 2023-02-20
5225:"Documenting China's Influence"
5223:Bandurski, David (2018-10-18).
5202:from the original on 2023-02-20
5190:Bandurski, David (2023-02-17).
5183:
5158:
5132:
5121:from the original on 2021-11-20
5085:from the original on 2023-03-08
5050:
4997:
4841:University of Westminster Press
4806:from the original on 2021-11-12
4666:from the original on 2023-03-08
4583:University of Westminster Press
4499:minister of Culture and Tourism
4354:(February 1987 – December 1992)
4185:3rd Central Executive Committee
4176:2nd Central Executive Committee
3756:Zhōnggòng Zhōngyāng Xuānchuánbù
3423:Overseas Chinese Affairs Office
2808:China Global Television Network
2788:Ministry of Culture and Tourism
2652:Bureau of Prison Administration
2212:People's Courts Judicial Police
2139:National Supervisory Commission
1220:Office of the General Secretary
7848:Central Policy Research Office
6579:7th: 1945–1949 & 1954–1956
5975:Financial and Economic Affairs
5300:"How China surveils the world"
4950:ABC Chinese–English Dictionary
4937:
4905:
4817:
4418:(September 1992–November 1992)
4372:(November 2012 – October 2017)
4366:(October 2002 – November 2012)
4360:(December 1992 – October 2002)
4324:(October 1977 – December 1978)
4004:
3995:
3863:one institution with two names
3542:China–European Union relations
3034:Special administrative regions
2219:Supreme People's Procuratorate
1458:Financial and Economic Affairs
328:
298:
284:
77:
13:
1:
8357:Industry and Information Tech
8145:CMC Political Work Department
7401:
6169:Chinese Academy of Governance
4784:Buckley, Chris (2018-03-21).
4600:
4378:(October 2017 – October 2022)
4348:(August 1985 – February 1987)
4336:(March 12, 1980 – April 1982)
4312:(January 1976 – October 1976)
4273:(January 1967 – January 1968)
3934:China Human Rights Foundation
3668:Central Propaganda Department
3562:China–United States relations
3547:China–Latin America relations
3408:NPC Foreign Affairs Committee
3004:HK & Macau Affairs Office
2747:Central Propaganda Department
2599:Local public security bureaus
1974:Offices Administration Agency
1483:Agriculture and Rural Affairs
18:Central Propaganda Department
8929:1924 establishments in China
6365:Politburo Standing Committee
5863:United Front Work Department
4694:Council on Foreign Relations
4445:(December 2014–October 2017)
4231:(April 1931 – December 1934)
4145:Politburo Standing Committee
4120:
4106:
4094:
3982:Internet censorship in China
3957:China Intercontinental Press
3947:China Film Group Corporation
3895:
3886:
3877:
3821:"propagandist; publicist").
3817:
3808:
3799:
3783:
3768:
3509:China and the United Nations
3413:CCP International Department
3393:Ministry of National Defense
3320:Diplomatic missions of China
3180:Taiwan independence movement
2901:Publishing industry in China
2434:United Front Work Department
2279:Regular Disciplined Services
2269:Law enforcement in Hong Kong
2075:Ministry of Veterans Affairs
2057:Ministry of National Defense
1092:National Security Commission
932:Harmonious Socialist Society
823:Death sentence with reprieve
797:Administrative Procedure Law
91:; 100 years ago
7:
8889:Central People's Government
8764:Food and Strategic Reserves
7831:Research institutions:
7643:Central Military Commission
5835:Central Military Commission
5192:"Co-Producing with the CCP"
4689:"Media Censorship in China"
4243:(July 1937 – December 1942)
4225:(January 1931 – April 1931)
4207:(November 1927 – June 1928)
4070:According to a report from
3967:
3742:was put under its control.
3738:In 2018, the newly created
3501:Community of Common Destiny
3291:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
3161:Republic of China on Taiwan
2571:Ministry of Public Security
1892:Equipment Development Dept.
1059:Central Military Commission
10:
8965:
8581:Complaints & Proposals
8491:Deputy Secretaries-General
8086:Institutional Organization
6012:Institutional Organization
5020:10.1177/009770049702300101
4955:University of Hawaii Press
4409:Yu Wen (1982–October 1989)
4397:(March 1950–December 1954)
4342:(April 1982 – August 1985)
4255:(January 1953 – July 1954)
4237:(January 1935 – July 1937)
4213:(July 1928 – October 1928)
4154:
3971:
3701:
3696:People's Republic of China
3156:Political status of Taiwan
2606:Ministry of State Security
2306:Public Prosecutions Office
2106:Military reform since 2015
1718:Deputy Secretaries-General
1488:Social Development Affairs
1369:National People's Congress
907:Primary stage of socialism
875:Admission Oath (Article 6)
442:Current provincial leaders
29:
8880:
8754:
8672:
8629:
8596:International Development
8513:
8499:
8476:
8469:
8322:
8300:
8258:
8249:
8232:
8171:
8115:
8113:
8107:
8105:
8097:
8095:
8041:
8033:
8021:
8019:
8011:
8009:
8001:
7997:
7973:
7971:
7959:
7957:
7955:
7953:
7951:
7947:
7943:
7928:
7926:
7911:
7909:
7895:
7893:
7877:
7875:
7865:
7863:
7828:
7826:
7782:
7780:
7771:
7754:
7748:
7742:
7740:
7738:
7732:
7726:
7718:
7714:
7712:
7710:
7708:
7706:
7704:
7702:
7700:
7698:
7696:
7682:
7680:
7670:
7668:
7653:
7646:
7616:
7614:
7596:
7594:
7574:
7572:
7568:
7554:
7552:
7534:
7532:
7530:
7528:
7517:
7515:
7513:
7511:
7488:
7486:
7484:
7482:
7480:
7478:
7468:
7464:
7462:
7456:
7454:
7452:
7398:
7335:
7299:
7241:
7191:
7139:
7036:
6921:
6912:
6887:
6812:
6737:
6667:
6656:
6567:
6462:
6362:
6351:
6344:
6229:
6156:
6080:
6039:
5943:
5886:
5843:
5805:
5724:
5713:
4889:Stanford University Press
4457:(April 2022–October 2022)
4451:(January 2018–April 2022)
4439:(June 2008–December 2014)
4424:(April 1993–October 2002)
4286:Cultural Revolution Group
4267:(May 1966 – January 1967)
3537:China–Caribbean relations
3121:Mainland & Macau CEPA
2820:China Radio International
2767:China Film Administration
1954:Strategic Planning Office
1684:Cabinet-level departments
776:Intellectual property law
339:
321:
314:
309:
305:
291:
277:
273:
266:
255:
239:
227:
195:
183:
171:
134:
118:
103:
85:
68:
53:
42:
8138:People's Liberation Army
7657:General Secretary Office
7151:People's Liberation Army
6061:Hong Kong Work Committee
5868:International Department
5455:10.1525/as.2008.48.3.414
5439:10.1525/as.2008.48.3.414
5376:Lin, Liza (2021-10-12).
4967:Edney, Kingsley (2014).
4642:Rowman & Littlefield
4384:(October 2022 – present)
4030:, etc., that can affect
3872:(SCIO, absorbed in 2014)
3580:Administrative divisions
3361:Belt and Road Initiative
3058:Hong Kong SAR Government
3029:One country, two systems
3017:Hong Kong Liaison Office
2803:China Central Television
2313:Secretariat for Security
1989:People's Liberation Army
1730:most Central Enterprises
1473:Overseas Chinese Affairs
912:Four Cardinal Principles
293:Traditional Chinese
113:Ministerial level agency
8402:Ecology and Environment
8064:Other commissions:
7171:Young Pioneers of China
6740:CCDI Standing Committee
6041:Dispatched institutions
5853:Organization Department
5706:Chinese Communist Party
5385:The Wall Street Journal
4744:10.1086/tcj.57.20066240
4433:(April 2003–April 2008)
4427:Gong Xinhan (1993–2006)
4160:Heads of the department
3940:state-owned enterprises
3847:political communication
3745:
3676:Chinese Communist Party
3552:China–Pacific relations
3431:Chinese nationality law
2323:Unitary Police Services
1980:National armed forces:
1396:Council of Chairpersons
1252:Organization Department
984:National Party Congress
689:Socialist law tradition
566:Organization Department
279:Simplified Chinese
8794:Forestry and Grassland
8736:☭ Central Party School
8067:Spiritual Civilization
7521:Central Commission for
6007:Spiritual Civilization
6002:Science and Technology
5935:Policy Research Office
5873:Social Work Department
5807:Decision-making bodies
4883:Laikwan, Pang (2024).
4389:Executive deputy heads
4261:(July 1954 – May 1966)
3951:China Publishing Group
3557:China–Russia relations
3527:China–Africa relations
3356:China Development Bank
3332:Foreign aid from China
3173:"Taiwan Province", PRC
3141:Cross-Strait relations
3134:Cross-Strait relations
3087:Mainland & HK CEPA
2528:People's organizations
2335:Public Security Police
2284:Hong Kong Police Force
2245:Judiciary of Hong Kong
2196:Supreme People's Court
2101:Military modernization
1879:Logistic Support Dept.
612:Previous constitutions
485:Communist Party leader
380:Leadership generations
156:39.92389°N 116.39861°E
8616:Press and Publication
8591:Intellectual Property
7523:Discipline Inspection
7181:People's organization
7156:People's Armed Police
7039:Discipline Inspection
5888:Directly administered
5305:MIT Technology Review
5269:10.1353/jod.2022.0019
5229:Made in China Journal
4977:10.1057/9781137382153
4490:Executive deputy head
3972:Further information:
3760:Zhōnggòng Xuānchuánbù
3664:Propaganda Department
3229:Taiwan Affairs Office
3080:Independence movement
3065:Politics of Hong Kong
2301:Court of Final Appeal
2262:Prosecutions Division
2257:Department of Justice
2250:Court of Final Appeal
2006:People's Armed Police
1699:National Audit Office
1330:Provincial committee
561:Collective leadership
556:Democratic centralism
437:Current state leaders
392:Hu–Wen Administration
269:(common abbreviation)
185:Executive deputy head
8819:Traditional Medicine
8687:Development Research
8561:Financial Regulation
8059:Local Party branches
8053:Leading Small Groups
7834:Central Party School
7792:Central Guard Bureau
7218:Deng Xiaoping Theory
7176:United front (China)
6164:Central Party School
6066:Macau Work Committee
5906:Central Guard Bureau
5858:Publicity Department
5256:Journal of Democracy
4463:(March 2023–present)
4040:West Chang'an Avenue
3662:, also known as the
3532:China–Arab relations
3464:Visa policy of China
3383:New Development Bank
3346:Ministry of Commerce
3109:Macau SAR Government
3022:Macau Liaison Office
2815:China National Radio
2498:Historical parties:
2318:Macau Security Force
1866:Political Work Dept.
1504:State representative
1448:Constitution and Law
1233:Central Guard Bureau
902:Deng Xiaoping Theory
679:Chinese legal system
494:State representative
456:Orders of precedence
419:20th Party Politburo
398:Xi–Li Administration
8644:Hong Kong and Macau
8601:Healthcare Security
8553:Cert. & Accred.
8432:Culture and Tourism
7312:Neoauthoritarianism
6570:Military Commission
6345:Leadership sittings
6141:Hong Kong and Macau
5923:Cryptography Office
5625:. 12 January 2023.
5561:China Media Project
5196:China Media Project
5145:China Media Project
4644:. pp. 13, 20.
4282:Cultural Revolution
3978:Censorship in China
3974:Propaganda in China
3708:Cultural Revolution
3694:and control in the
3310:Diplomatic missions
3282:Secretary-General:
3200:Chinese unification
3044:Hong Kong Basic Law
2914:Internet censorship
2872:Censorship in China
2629:Ministry of Justice
2155:Corruption in China
1527:Presidential Office
1166:Secretary-General:
1049:Central Secretariat
950:Four Comprehensives
754:Labour Contract Law
684:Civil law tradition
521:Conference Chairman
410:4th Leadership Core
385:Succession of power
229:Parent organization
161:39.92389; 116.39861
152: /
39:
8860:☭ Central Archives
8854:National Archives
8682:Xinhua News Agency
8611:Government Offices
8072:Cyberspace Affairs
7917:Politburo Standing
7630:Standing Committee
7582:deputy secretaries
7271:Crown Prince Party
7233:Xi Jinping Thought
7208:Mao Zedong Thought
7142:Wider organisation
5985:Cyberspace Affairs
5911:Central Guard Unit
5824:Standing Committee
5478:The New York Times
5169:. pp. 09–18.
4943:Translations from
4791:The New York Times
3918:China Film Archive
3351:Exim Bank of China
3185:Anti-Secession Law
3075:Pro-democracy camp
2841:China News Service
2827:Xinhua News Agency
2381:National Committee
2296:Judiciary of Macau
2225:Procurator-General
1438:Special Committees
1386:Standing Committee
1344:Deputy secretaries
1334:Standing committee
1277:Standing Committee
1238:Central Guard Unit
1036:Standing Committee
940:Xi Jinping Thought
897:Mao Zedong Thought
813:Capital punishment
791:Administrative law
530:Commander-in-chief
503:Head of government
428:14th State Council
37:
8916:
8915:
8861:
8834:Fire & Rescue
8814:Cultural Heritage
8750:
8749:
8746:
8745:
8739:
8692:China Media Group
8533:Market Regulation
8486:Secretary-General
8465:
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8397:Natural Resources
8318:
8317:
8292:Secretary-General
8187:
8186:
8164:
8163:
8081:National Security
7841:Party History and
7795:
7650:General Secretary
7587:Secretary General
7508:Central Committee
7427:National Congress
7353:
7352:
7281:New Zhijiang Army
7135:
7134:
7131:
7130:
6924:Central Committee
6915:National Congress
6908:
6907:
6660:Central Committee
6652:
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6355:Central Committee
6232:National Congress
6225:
6224:
6092:Cryptography Work
6043:for co-ordination
5997:National Security
5947:for co-ordination
5815:General Secretary
5716:Central Committee
5070:978-90-411-1834-9
4986:978-1-349-47990-0
4825:Brady, Anne-Marie
4731:The China Journal
4651:978-0-7425-4057-6
4632:Brady, Anne-Marie
4567:Brady, Anne-Marie
4516:China Media Group
4141:General Secretary
3672:Central Committee
3656:
3655:
3595:Ethnic minorities
3496:Beijing Consensus
3436:Chinese passports
3276:Deputy Director:
3259:Foreign relations
3146:Chinese Civil War
3116:Politics of Macau
2909:Internet in China
2798:China Media Group
2737:Deputy Director:
2674:Urban Management
2423:Political parties
2410:Secretary-General
2397:Vice-Chairpersons
2131:Supervisory organ
2016:China Coast Guard
1850:Joint Staff Dept.
1761:supreme commander
1713:Secretary-General
1672:Secretary-General
1426:Secretary-General
1412:Vice-Chairpersons
1189:Deputy Director:
1144:Deputy Directors:
1025:Central Politburo
1005:General Secretary
994:Central Committee
854:Principal leaders
512:Congress Chairman
404:Xi Administration
400:(2012–2017)
394:(2002–2012)
350:Politics of China
343:
342:
335:
334:
316:Standard Mandarin
262:
261:
109:Central Committee
60:Former office in
16:(Redirected from
8956:
8893:constitutionally
8859:
8855:
8844:Medical Products
8839:Foreign Exchange
8779:Defense Industry
8734:
8730:
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8649:Overseas Chinese
8555:
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8287:State Councilors
8265:
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7203:Marxism–Leninism
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5654:Official website
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4921:. 3 March 2018.
4909:
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4887:. Stanford, CA:
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4850:10.16997/wpcc.15
4821:
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4726:Shambaugh, David
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4134:Anne-Marie Brady
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3805:xuānchuán méijiè
3802:
3801:
3786:
3785:
3771:
3770:
3692:media censorship
3684:media regulation
3648:
3641:
3634:
3613:China portal
3611:
3610:
3609:
3070:Pro-Beijing camp
3053:John Lee Ka-chiu
2710:Deputy Leaders:
2660:
2348:
2340:Judiciary Police
2331:
2089:Military history
2014:
2004:
1994:Theater commands
1987:
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1571:Li Qiang Cabinet
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919:Three Represents
892:Marxism–Leninism
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708:List of statutes
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8824:Disease Control
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8723:Social Sciences
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8546:Standardization
8544:
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7261:Tsinghua clique
7251:Shanghai clique
7242:
7237:
7193:
7187:
7161:Militia (China)
7141:
7127:
7123:20th: 2022–2027
7118:19th: 2017–2022
7113:18th: 2012–2017
7108:17th: 2007–2012
7103:16th: 2002–2007
7098:15th: 1997–2022
7093:14th: 1992–1997
7088:13th: 1987–1992
7083:12th: 1982–1987
7078:11th: 1978–1982
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7028:20th: 2022–2027
7023:19th: 2017–2022
7018:18th: 2012–2017
7013:17th: 2007–2012
7008:16th: 2002–2007
7003:15th: 1997–2002
6998:14th: 1992–1997
6993:13th: 1987–1992
6988:12th: 1982–1987
6983:11th: 1977–1982
6978:10th: 1973–1977
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6883:
6814:
6808:
6804:20th: 2022–2027
6799:19th: 2017–2022
6794:18th: 2012–2017
6789:17th: 2007–2012
6784:16th: 2002–2007
6779:15th: 1997–2002
6774:14th: 1992–1997
6769:13th: 1987–1992
6764:12th: 1982–1987
6759:11th: 1978–1982
6739:
6733:
6729:20th: 2022–2027
6724:19th: 2017–2022
6719:18th: 2012–2017
6714:17th: 2007–2012
6709:16th: 2002–2007
6704:15th: 1997–2002
6699:14th: 1992–1997
6694:13th: 1987–1992
6689:12th: 1982–1987
6684:11th: 1980–1982
6669:
6659:
6658:Approved by the
6657:
6648:
6644:20th: 2022–2027
6639:19th: 2017–2022
6634:18th: 2012–2017
6629:17th: 2007–2012
6624:16th: 2002–2007
6619:15th: 1997–2002
6614:14th: 1992–1997
6609:13th: 1987–1992
6604:12th: 1982–1987
6599:11th: 1977–1982
6594:10th: 1973–1977
6569:
6563:
6559:20th: 2022–2027
6554:19th: 2017–2022
6549:18th: 2012–2017
6544:17th: 2007–2012
6539:16th: 2002–2007
6534:15th: 1997–2002
6529:14th: 1992–1997
6524:13th: 1987–1992
6519:12th: 1982–1987
6514:11th: 1977–1982
6509:10th: 1973–1977
6464:
6458:
6454:20th: 2022–2027
6449:19th: 2017–2022
6444:18th: 2012–2017
6439:17th: 2007–2012
6434:16th: 2002–2007
6429:15th: 1997–2002
6424:14th: 1992–1997
6419:13th: 1987–1992
6414:12th: 1982–1987
6409:11th: 1977–1982
6404:10th: 1973–1977
6364:
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6221:
6196:Guangming Daily
6152:
6119:Military Reform
6114:Inspection Work
6082:
6076:
6042:
6040:
6035:
5980:Foreign Affairs
5946:
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5844:
5839:
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5709:
5705:
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5622:Radio Free Asia
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5584:
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5549:
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5469:Bradsher, Keith
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4918:Radio Free Asia
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4560:Further reading
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4115:Radio Free Asia
4091:sīxiǎng gōngzuò
4068:
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3619:Other countries
3607:
3605:
3600:
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3590:Family planning
3575:
3567:
3566:
3523:
3505:
3491:Panda diplomacy
3482:
3427:
3404:
3389:
3328:
3316:
3261:
3251:
3250:
3220:Deputy Leader:
3206:
3136:
3126:
3125:
3100:Chief Executive
3095:Macao Basic Law
3091:
3049:Chief Executive
3040:
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2985:
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2274:Security Bureau
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2188:Judicial organs
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2096:Armed conflicts
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1468:Foreign Affairs
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832:
831:
804:
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702:Legislation Law
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8804:Civil Aviation
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8478:General Office
8471:
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8372:State Security
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7786:General Office
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7437:
7435:
7432:
7430:
7429:
7424:
7422:
7420:
7418:
7416:
7414:
7412:
7410:
7408:
7406:
7399:
7396:
7395:
7383:
7382:
7375:
7368:
7360:
7351:
7350:
7336:
7333:
7332:
7330:
7329:
7324:
7319:
7314:
7309:
7303:
7301:
7297:
7296:
7294:
7293:
7288:
7286:Xishan Society
7283:
7278:
7273:
7268:
7263:
7258:
7253:
7247:
7245:
7239:
7238:
7236:
7235:
7230:
7225:
7220:
7215:
7210:
7205:
7199:
7197:
7189:
7188:
7186:
7185:
7184:
7183:
7173:
7168:
7163:
7158:
7153:
7147:
7145:
7137:
7136:
7133:
7132:
7129:
7128:
7126:
7125:
7120:
7115:
7110:
7105:
7100:
7095:
7090:
7085:
7080:
7075:
7073:8th: 1956–1969
7070:
7060:
7050:
7048:5th: 1927–1928
7044:
7042:
7034:
7033:
7031:
7030:
7025:
7020:
7015:
7010:
7005:
7000:
6995:
6990:
6985:
6980:
6975:
6973:9th: 1969–1973
6970:
6968:8th: 1956–1969
6965:
6963:7th: 1945–1956
6960:
6958:6th: 1928–1945
6955:
6953:5th: 1927–1928
6950:
6948:4th: 1925–1927
6945:
6943:3rd: 1923–1925
6940:
6938:2nd: 1922–1923
6935:
6933:1st: 1921–1922
6929:
6927:
6916:
6910:
6909:
6906:
6905:
6903:
6902:
6897:
6891:
6889:
6885:
6884:
6882:
6881:
6875:
6869:
6863:
6857:
6851:
6845:
6839:
6833:
6827:
6820:
6818:
6815:CCDI Secretary
6810:
6809:
6807:
6806:
6801:
6796:
6791:
6786:
6781:
6776:
6771:
6766:
6761:
6756:
6754:8th: 1956–1969
6751:
6745:
6743:
6735:
6734:
6732:
6731:
6726:
6721:
6716:
6711:
6706:
6701:
6696:
6691:
6686:
6681:
6679:8th: 1956–1969
6675:
6673:
6662:
6654:
6653:
6650:
6649:
6647:
6646:
6641:
6636:
6631:
6626:
6621:
6616:
6611:
6606:
6601:
6596:
6591:
6589:9th: 1969–1973
6586:
6584:8th: 1956–1969
6581:
6575:
6573:
6565:
6564:
6562:
6561:
6556:
6551:
6546:
6541:
6536:
6531:
6526:
6521:
6516:
6511:
6506:
6504:9th: 1969–1973
6501:
6499:8th: 1956–1969
6496:
6494:7th: 1945–1956
6491:
6489:6th: 1928–1945
6486:
6484:5th: 1927–1928
6481:
6479:4th: 1925–1927
6476:
6474:3rd: 1923–1925
6470:
6468:
6460:
6459:
6457:
6456:
6451:
6446:
6441:
6436:
6431:
6426:
6421:
6416:
6411:
6406:
6401:
6399:9th: 1969–1973
6396:
6394:8th: 1956–1969
6391:
6389:7th: 1945–1956
6386:
6384:6th: 1928–1945
6381:
6379:5th: 1927–1928
6376:
6370:
6368:
6357:
6353:Elected by the
6346:
6342:
6341:
6339:
6338:
6333:
6328:
6323:
6318:
6313:
6308:
6303:
6298:
6293:
6288:
6283:
6278:
6273:
6268:
6263:
6258:
6253:
6248:
6243:
6237:
6235:
6227:
6226:
6223:
6222:
6220:
6219:
6218:
6217:
6212:
6207:
6199:
6192:
6185:
6182:People's Daily
6178:
6173:
6172:
6171:
6160:
6158:
6154:
6153:
6151:
6150:
6149:
6148:
6138:
6137:
6136:
6126:
6121:
6116:
6111:
6106:
6101:
6100:
6099:
6088:
6086:
6083:Leading groups
6078:
6077:
6075:
6074:
6068:
6063:
6058:
6053:
6047:
6045:
6037:
6036:
6034:
6033:
6032:
6031:
6021:
6020:
6019:
6009:
6004:
5999:
5994:
5993:
5992:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5962:
5957:
5951:
5949:
5941:
5940:
5938:
5937:
5932:
5931:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5918:Secrecy Office
5915:
5914:
5913:
5903:
5896:General Office
5892:
5890:
5884:
5883:
5881:
5880:
5875:
5870:
5865:
5860:
5855:
5849:
5847:
5841:
5840:
5838:
5837:
5832:
5827:
5817:
5811:
5809:
5803:
5802:
5800:
5799:
5798:(2012–present)
5793:
5787:
5781:
5775:
5769:
5763:
5757:
5751:
5745:
5739:
5732:
5730:
5719:
5711:
5710:
5696:
5695:
5688:
5681:
5673:
5667:
5666:
5647:
5646:External links
5644:
5641:
5640:
5608:
5594:. 2019-09-20.
5577:
5547:
5503:
5471:(2007-08-15).
5460:
5433:(3): 414–430.
5410:
5368:
5322:
5290:
5245:
5212:
5182:
5157:
5131:
5095:
5069:
5049:
4996:
4985:
4959:
4947:, ed. (2003),
4945:John DeFrancis
4936:
4904:
4897:
4864:
4827:(2006-02-01).
4816:
4773:
4712:
4676:
4650:
4605:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4598:
4597:
4569:(2006-02-01).
4561:
4558:
4557:
4556:
4555:
4554:
4551:
4550:Zhang Jianchun
4548:
4539:
4529:
4522:Zhuang Rongwen
4519:
4504:
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4487:
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4193:
4187:
4178:
4169:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4122:
4119:
4067:
4064:
4032:state security
3969:
3966:
3965:
3964:
3961:
3958:
3955:
3952:
3949:
3936:
3935:
3932:
3927:
3920:
3915:
3913:People's Press
3910:
3901:
3900:
3891:
3882:
3873:
3858:
3857:External names
3855:
3747:
3744:
3703:
3700:
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3653:
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3650:
3643:
3636:
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3598:
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3592:
3587:
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3574:Related topics
3573:
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3401:
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3385:
3375:
3370:
3369:
3368:
3366:Silk Road Fund
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3327:
3326:
3315:
3314:
3313:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3288:
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3262:
3257:
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3253:
3252:
3249:
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3124:
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3118:
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3112:
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3097:
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3077:
3072:
3062:
3061:
3060:
3046:
3039:
3038:
3037:
3036:
3026:
3025:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3013:
3012:
3000:
2999:
2987:
2984:
2983:
2978:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2967:
2966:
2963:
2962:
2961:
2960:
2959:
2958:
2955:Zhuang Rongwen
2952:
2944:
2943:
2937:
2930:
2929:
2928:
2927:
2926:
2921:
2919:Great Firewall
2904:
2903:
2898:
2897:
2896:
2894:Internal media
2889:Media of China
2886:
2885:
2884:
2879:
2867:
2866:
2859:
2858:
2857:
2847:People's Daily
2843:
2838:
2837:
2836:
2833:Reference News
2824:
2823:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2811:
2810:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2784:
2783:
2782:
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2769:
2764:
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2734:
2728:
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2709:
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2693:
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2687:
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2669:
2668:
2663:
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2648:
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2642:
2633:
2626:
2625:
2624:
2619:
2610:
2603:
2602:
2601:
2596:
2590:
2589:
2584:
2575:
2568:
2567:
2566:
2560:
2553:
2550:
2547:
2546:
2540:
2539:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2531:
2530:
2525:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2499:
2495:
2494:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2448:
2446:
2445:
2444:
2443:
2442:
2420:
2419:
2418:
2417:
2416:
2407:
2406:
2405:
2394:
2385:
2372:
2367:
2366:
2363:
2362:
2358:
2357:
2356:
2355:
2354:
2353:
2352:
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2337:
2310:
2309:
2308:
2303:
2291:
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2289:
2288:
2287:
2286:
2271:
2266:
2265:
2264:
2254:
2253:
2252:
2240:
2239:
2238:
2237:
2232:
2223:
2216:
2215:
2214:
2209:
2200:
2187:
2186:
2185:
2183:
2182:
2181:
2180:
2173:
2172:
2165:
2164:
2163:
2162:
2150:
2149:
2148:
2147:
2130:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2125:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2121:
2120:
2119:
2103:
2098:
2092:
2091:
2085:
2084:
2083:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2061:
2054:
2053:
2052:
2043:
2036:
2029:
2028:
2027:
2026:
2025:
2020:
2019:
2018:
1998:
1997:
1996:
1978:
1977:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1940:
1939:
1937:Zhang Shengmin
1928:
1927:
1926:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1902:
1901:
1900:
1889:
1888:
1887:
1876:
1875:
1874:
1863:
1862:
1861:
1847:
1846:
1845:
1837:General Office
1831:
1830:
1829:
1827:
1826:
1823:Zhang Shengmin
1819:
1812:
1804:
1799:
1798:
1797:
1795:
1794:
1787:
1779:
1771:
1770:
1769:
1744:Military organ
1743:
1742:
1741:
1739:
1738:
1737:
1736:
1735:
1734:
1733:
1732:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1715:
1708:General Office
1705:
1704:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1680:
1679:
1670:
1668:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1663:
1656:
1649:
1641:
1634:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1622:
1615:
1608:
1600:
1588:
1575:
1557:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1552:
1551:
1550:
1543:Vice President
1541:
1539:
1538:
1537:
1536:
1535:
1511:
1503:
1502:
1501:
1500:
1499:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1491:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1443:Ethnic Affairs
1435:
1434:
1433:
1422:
1421:
1420:
1409:
1400:
1383:
1377:
1367:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1357:
1356:
1355:
1350:
1349:
1348:
1347:
1346:
1341:
1326:
1325:
1324:
1323:
1322:
1321:
1320:
1319:
1308:
1307:
1306:
1304:Zhang Shengmin
1295:
1294:
1293:
1264:
1263:
1262:
1261:
1260:
1249:
1248:
1247:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1230:
1229:
1228:
1216:
1215:
1207:General Office
1204:
1203:
1202:
1197:Office Chief:
1196:
1194:
1188:
1186:
1180:
1173:
1172:
1171:
1165:
1163:
1143:
1141:
1135:
1128:
1127:
1126:
1121:Office Chief:
1120:
1118:
1105:Vice-Chairman:
1104:
1102:
1096:
1089:
1088:
1087:
1074:
1072:
1063:
1056:
1046:
1045:
1044:
1034:
1021:
1020:
1019:
1018:
973:
972:
971:
969:
968:
967:
966:
965:
964:
959:
958:
957:
952:
947:
937:
936:
935:
930:
923:
921:
916:
915:
914:
909:
899:
894:
889:
879:
877:
860:
859:
858:
857:
856:
850:
849:
843:
838:
837:
834:
833:
830:
829:
828:
827:
826:
825:
820:
803:
802:
801:
800:
786:
785:
784:
783:
773:
772:
771:
759:
758:
757:
750:
738:
731:
723:
713:
712:
711:
710:
705:
693:
692:
691:
686:
674:
673:
672:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
638:
637:
636:
635:
633:
632:
627:
622:
616:
603:
600:
599:
594:
588:
587:
586:
583:
582:
579:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
547:
546:
542:
541:
536:
527:
518:
509:
500:
491:
482:
481:
480:
471:
459:
458:
453:
447:
446:
445:
444:
439:
434:
425:
416:
401:
395:
388:
387:
382:
376:
371:
370:
367:
366:
363:
362:
354:
353:
348:
341:
340:
337:
336:
333:
332:
325:
319:
318:
312:
311:
310:Transcriptions
303:
302:
295:
289:
288:
281:
275:
274:
271:
270:
260:
259:
253:
252:
243:
237:
236:
231:
228:
225:
224:
218:Zhang Jianchun
206:Zhuang Rongwen
199:
196:
193:
192:
187:
184:
181:
180:
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172:
169:
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136:
132:
131:
120:
116:
115:
105:
101:
100:
87:
83:
82:
70:
66:
65:
59:
51:
50:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8961:
8950:
8947:
8945:
8942:
8940:
8937:
8935:
8932:
8930:
8927:
8926:
8924:
8908:
8904:
8901:
8898:
8894:
8890:
8886:
8885:State Council
8883:
8882:
8879:
8873:
8870:
8868:
8867:Civil Service
8865:
8863:
8852:
8850:
8849:State Secrets
8847:
8845:
8842:
8840:
8837:
8835:
8832:
8830:
8827:
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8810:
8807:
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8777:
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8772:
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8737:
8729:
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8704:
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8680:
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8637:
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8628:
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8547:
8543:
8540:
8539:Anti-Monopoly
8536:
8535:
8534:
8531:
8529:
8526:
8524:
8521:
8520:
8518:
8516:
8512:
8508:
8504:
8502:
8498:
8492:
8489:
8487:
8484:
8483:
8481:
8479:
8475:
8472:
8468:
8458:
8455:
8453:
8452:People's Bank
8450:
8448:
8445:
8443:
8440:
8438:
8435:
8433:
8430:
8428:
8425:
8423:
8420:
8418:
8415:
8413:
8410:
8408:
8405:
8403:
8400:
8398:
8395:
8393:
8390:
8388:
8385:
8383:
8380:
8378:
8375:
8373:
8370:
8368:
8365:
8363:
8360:
8358:
8355:
8353:
8350:
8348:
8345:
8343:
8340:
8338:
8335:
8333:
8330:
8329:
8327:
8325:
8321:
8311:
8308:
8306:
8303:
8302:
8299:
8293:
8290:
8288:
8285:
8283:
8282:Vice Premiers
8280:
8278:
8275:
8274:
8272:
8266:
8263:
8261:
8257:
8254:
8252:
8251:State Council
8248:
8244:
8241:
8237:
8231:
8227:
8223:
8215:
8210:
8208:
8203:
8201:
8196:
8195:
8192:
8180:
8177:
8174:
8173:
8170:
8161:
8146:
8139:
8134:
8132:
8102:
8099:
8093:
8091:
8090:
8087:
8082:
8077:
8073:
8068:
8054:
8039:
8037:
8035:
8031:
8029:
8026:
8023:
8017:
8015:
8014:
7999:
7995:
7993:
7991:
7989:
7964:
7961:
7950:
7945:
7941:
7939:
7933:
7924:
7922:
7920:
7902:
7900:
7856:
7853:
7852:
7849:
7844:
7835:
7824:
7823:Legal Affairs
7820:
7816:
7815:International
7812:
7808:
7804:
7793:
7787:
7778:
7769:
7767:
7766:Vice Chairmen
7763:
7759:
7756:
7752:
7750:
7746:
7744:
7736:
7734:
7730:
7728:
7724:
7722:
7721:
7716:
7694:
7692:
7690:
7688:
7673:
7667:
7658:
7651:
7644:
7636:
7634:
7631:
7599:
7592:
7591:
7588:
7583:
7579:
7570:
7537:
7527:
7524:
7509:
7493:
7490:
7476:
7474:
7473:
7466:
7460:
7458:
7450:
7448:
7433:
7431:
7428:
7404:
7397:
7393:
7389:
7381:
7376:
7374:
7369:
7367:
7362:
7361:
7358:
7348:
7347:
7334:
7328:
7325:
7323:
7320:
7318:
7315:
7313:
7310:
7308:
7305:
7304:
7302:
7298:
7292:
7289:
7287:
7284:
7282:
7279:
7277:
7276:Fujian clique
7274:
7272:
7269:
7267:
7264:
7262:
7259:
7257:
7254:
7252:
7249:
7248:
7246:
7240:
7234:
7231:
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7226:
7224:
7221:
7219:
7216:
7214:
7211:
7209:
7206:
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7182:
7179:
7178:
7177:
7174:
7172:
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7164:
7162:
7159:
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7154:
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7149:
7148:
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7144:
7138:
7124:
7121:
7119:
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7111:
7109:
7106:
7104:
7101:
7099:
7096:
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7091:
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7084:
7081:
7079:
7076:
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7061:
7059:
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7046:
7045:
7043:
7041:
7035:
7029:
7026:
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7014:
7011:
7009:
7006:
7004:
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6999:
6996:
6994:
6991:
6989:
6986:
6984:
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6979:
6976:
6974:
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6969:
6966:
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6956:
6954:
6951:
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6946:
6944:
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6931:
6930:
6928:
6926:
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6917:
6911:
6901:
6898:
6896:
6893:
6892:
6890:
6886:
6879:
6876:
6873:
6870:
6867:
6864:
6861:
6858:
6855:
6852:
6849:
6846:
6843:
6840:
6837:
6834:
6831:
6828:
6825:
6822:
6821:
6819:
6817:
6811:
6805:
6802:
6800:
6797:
6795:
6792:
6790:
6787:
6785:
6782:
6780:
6777:
6775:
6772:
6770:
6767:
6765:
6762:
6760:
6757:
6755:
6752:
6750:
6749:7th 1949–1956
6747:
6746:
6744:
6742:
6736:
6730:
6727:
6725:
6722:
6720:
6717:
6715:
6712:
6710:
6707:
6705:
6702:
6700:
6697:
6695:
6692:
6690:
6687:
6685:
6682:
6680:
6677:
6676:
6674:
6672:
6666:
6663:
6655:
6645:
6642:
6640:
6637:
6635:
6632:
6630:
6627:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6617:
6615:
6612:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6587:
6585:
6582:
6580:
6577:
6576:
6574:
6572:
6566:
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6555:
6552:
6550:
6547:
6545:
6542:
6540:
6537:
6535:
6532:
6530:
6527:
6525:
6522:
6520:
6517:
6515:
6512:
6510:
6507:
6505:
6502:
6500:
6497:
6495:
6492:
6490:
6487:
6485:
6482:
6480:
6477:
6475:
6472:
6471:
6469:
6467:
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6455:
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6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6437:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6427:
6425:
6422:
6420:
6417:
6415:
6412:
6410:
6407:
6405:
6402:
6400:
6397:
6395:
6392:
6390:
6387:
6385:
6382:
6380:
6377:
6375:
6372:
6371:
6369:
6367:
6361:
6358:
6350:
6347:
6343:
6337:
6334:
6332:
6329:
6327:
6324:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6314:
6312:
6309:
6307:
6304:
6302:
6299:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6284:
6282:
6279:
6277:
6274:
6272:
6269:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6259:
6257:
6254:
6252:
6249:
6247:
6244:
6242:
6239:
6238:
6236:
6234:
6228:
6216:
6213:
6211:
6208:
6206:
6203:
6202:
6200:
6198:
6197:
6193:
6191:
6190:
6186:
6184:
6183:
6179:
6177:
6174:
6170:
6167:
6166:
6165:
6162:
6161:
6159:
6155:
6147:
6144:
6143:
6142:
6139:
6135:
6132:
6131:
6130:
6127:
6125:
6122:
6120:
6117:
6115:
6112:
6110:
6107:
6105:
6102:
6098:
6095:
6094:
6093:
6090:
6089:
6087:
6085:
6079:
6072:
6069:
6067:
6064:
6062:
6059:
6057:
6054:
6052:
6049:
6048:
6046:
6038:
6030:
6027:
6026:
6025:
6022:
6018:
6015:
6014:
6013:
6010:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5991:
5988:
5987:
5986:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5952:
5950:
5942:
5936:
5933:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5912:
5909:
5908:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5898:
5897:
5894:
5893:
5891:
5885:
5879:
5876:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5866:
5864:
5861:
5859:
5856:
5854:
5851:
5850:
5848:
5842:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5828:
5825:
5821:
5818:
5816:
5813:
5812:
5810:
5804:
5797:
5794:
5791:
5788:
5785:
5782:
5779:
5776:
5773:
5770:
5767:
5764:
5761:
5758:
5755:
5754:Zhang Wentian
5752:
5749:
5746:
5743:
5742:Xiang Zhongfa
5740:
5737:
5734:
5733:
5731:
5729:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5712:
5708:
5702:
5694:
5689:
5687:
5682:
5680:
5675:
5674:
5671:
5661:
5655:
5650:
5649:
5628:
5624:
5623:
5618:
5612:
5597:
5593:
5592:
5587:
5581:
5566:
5562:
5558:
5551:
5532:
5528:
5527:Freedom House
5521:
5514:
5512:
5510:
5508:
5492:
5488:
5484:
5480:
5479:
5474:
5470:
5464:
5456:
5452:
5448:
5444:
5440:
5436:
5432:
5428:
5427:
5419:
5417:
5415:
5399:
5395:
5391:
5387:
5386:
5380:
5372:
5356:
5352:
5351:
5346:
5339:
5337:
5335:
5333:
5331:
5329:
5327:
5311:
5307:
5306:
5301:
5294:
5286:
5282:
5278:
5274:
5270:
5266:
5262:
5258:
5257:
5249:
5234:
5230:
5226:
5219:
5217:
5201:
5197:
5193:
5186:
5177:
5176:resrep23095.8
5172:
5168:
5161:
5146:
5142:
5135:
5117:
5113:
5106:
5099:
5084:
5080:
5076:
5072:
5066:
5062:
5061:
5053:
5045:
5041:
5037:
5033:
5029:
5025:
5021:
5017:
5013:
5009:
5008:
5000:
4993:
4988:
4982:
4978:
4974:
4970:
4963:
4956:
4952:
4951:
4946:
4940:
4924:
4920:
4919:
4914:
4908:
4900:
4898:9781503638815
4894:
4890:
4886:
4879:
4877:
4875:
4873:
4871:
4869:
4860:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4842:
4838:
4834:
4830:
4826:
4820:
4805:
4801:
4797:
4793:
4792:
4787:
4780:
4778:
4769:
4765:
4761:
4757:
4753:
4749:
4745:
4741:
4738:(57): 25–58.
4737:
4733:
4732:
4727:
4721:
4719:
4717:
4700:
4696:
4695:
4690:
4683:
4681:
4665:
4661:
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4647:
4643:
4639:
4638:
4633:
4627:
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4611:
4606:
4593:
4588:
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4576:
4572:
4568:
4564:
4563:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4543:
4540:
4537:
4533:
4530:
4527:
4523:
4520:
4517:
4513:
4512:Shen Haixiong
4510:
4509:
4508:
4505:
4500:
4496:
4493:
4492:
4491:
4488:
4484:
4480:
4477:
4476:
4475:
4472:
4471:
4462:
4459:
4456:
4453:
4450:
4447:
4444:
4443:Huang Kunming
4441:
4438:
4435:
4432:
4429:
4426:
4423:
4420:
4417:
4414:
4411:
4408:
4405:
4402:
4399:
4396:
4393:
4392:
4383:
4380:
4377:
4376:Huang Kunming
4374:
4371:
4368:
4365:
4362:
4359:
4356:
4353:
4350:
4347:
4344:
4341:
4338:
4335:
4334:Wang Renzhong
4332:
4329:
4326:
4323:
4322:Zhang Pinghua
4320:
4317:
4314:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4295:
4291:
4287:
4283:
4279:
4275:
4272:
4269:
4266:
4263:
4260:
4257:
4254:
4251:
4248:
4245:
4242:
4241:Zhang Wentian
4239:
4236:
4233:
4230:
4229:Zhang Wentian
4227:
4224:
4221:
4218:
4215:
4212:
4209:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4200:5th Politburo
4197:
4194:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4182:
4181:Luo Zhanglong
4179:
4177:
4173:
4170:
4167:
4164:
4163:
4152:
4148:
4146:
4142:
4137:
4135:
4130:
4128:
4118:
4116:
4113:According to
4111:
4102:
4099:
4092:
4088:
4084:
4080:
4075:
4073:
4072:Freedom House
4063:
4059:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4043:
4041:
4037:
4033:
4029:
4025:
4021:
4017:
4016:
4011:
4007:
4001:
3993:
3987:
3983:
3979:
3975:
3962:
3959:
3956:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3944:
3943:
3941:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3925:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3905:
3904:
3892:
3883:
3874:
3871:
3868:
3867:
3866:
3864:
3854:
3852:
3848:
3844:
3840:
3836:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3815:
3814:xuānchuányuán
3806:
3797:
3796:xuānchuánzhàn
3793:
3790:
3780:
3779:
3773:
3765:
3761:
3757:
3753:
3743:
3741:
3736:
3734:
3729:
3727:
3723:
3718:
3716:
3711:
3709:
3699:
3697:
3693:
3689:
3685:
3681:
3677:
3673:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3649:
3644:
3642:
3637:
3635:
3630:
3629:
3627:
3626:
3620:
3617:
3616:
3614:
3604:
3603:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3577:
3571:
3570:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3524:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3506:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3483:
3479:
3476:
3473:
3469:
3465:
3462:
3459:
3455:
3451:
3448:
3445:
3441:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3428:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3405:
3399:
3396:
3395:
3394:
3391:
3390:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3367:
3364:
3363:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3325:
3321:
3318:
3317:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3305:Spokespersons
3303:
3301:
3297:
3294:
3293:
3292:
3289:
3285:
3281:
3279:
3275:
3273:
3269:
3268:
3267:
3264:
3263:
3260:
3255:
3254:
3243:
3240:
3239:
3236:
3232:
3231:
3230:
3227:
3226:
3223:
3219:
3217:
3213:
3212:
3211:
3208:
3207:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3174:
3171:
3167:
3164:
3163:
3162:
3159:
3158:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3143:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3135:
3130:
3129:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3110:
3107:
3106:
3105:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3092:
3088:
3085:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3067:
3066:
3063:
3059:
3056:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3041:
3035:
3032:
3031:
3030:
3027:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3011:
3007:
3006:
3005:
3002:
3001:
2998:
2997:Ding Xuexiang
2994:
2993:
2992:
2989:
2988:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2973:
2969:
2968:
2956:
2951:
2950:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2941:
2936:
2935:
2934:
2931:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2916:
2915:
2912:
2911:
2910:
2907:
2906:
2902:
2899:
2895:
2892:
2891:
2890:
2887:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2877:Radio jamming
2875:
2874:
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2609:
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2597:
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2588:
2585:
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2581:Wang Xiaohong
2578:
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2414:Wang Dongfeng
2411:
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2032:State Council
2030:
2024:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2008:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1990:
1986:
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1843:Zhong Shaojun
1840:
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1833:Departments:
1832:
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1774:Vice Chairmen
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1646:Wang Xiaohong
1643:
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1635:
1627:
1623:
1620:
1619:Zhang Guoqing
1616:
1613:
1609:
1606:
1605:Ding Xuexiang
1602:
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1599:
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1592:
1591:Vice-Premiers
1589:
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1076:Vice Chairmen
1073:
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1066:
1062:
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1057:
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956:
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945:Chinese Dream
943:
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576:Civil service
574:
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569:
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551:Unified power
549:
548:
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531:
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443:
440:
438:
435:
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429:
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424:
420:
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411:
408:
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406:(since 2017)
405:
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399:
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235:
232:
226:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
202:Shen Haixiong
200:
194:
191:
188:
182:
179:
176:
170:
165:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
114:
110:
106:
102:
89:May 1924
88:
84:
74:
71:
67:
63:
57:
52:
46:中国共产党中央委员会宣传部
41:
33:
19:
8872:Cryptography
8674:Institutions
8571:Radio and TV
8507:State Assets
8457:Audit Office
7839:Institute of
7811:United Front
7806:
7803:Organization
7800:Departments:
7337:
7291:Gang of Four
7266:Eight Elders
6854:Wu Guanzheng
6848:Wei Jianxing
6215:Jinggangshan
6194:
6187:
6180:
6073:in Hong Kong
5857:
5664:(in Chinese)
5631:. Retrieved
5620:
5611:
5600:. Retrieved
5591:The Guardian
5589:
5580:
5569:. Retrieved
5560:
5550:
5538:. Retrieved
5495:. Retrieved
5476:
5463:
5430:
5426:Asian Survey
5424:
5402:. Retrieved
5383:
5371:
5359:. Retrieved
5350:Toronto Star
5348:
5314:. Retrieved
5303:
5293:
5263:(2): 76–89.
5260:
5254:
5248:
5237:. Retrieved
5228:
5204:. Retrieved
5195:
5185:
5160:
5150:February 22,
5148:. Retrieved
5144:
5134:
5123:. Retrieved
5111:
5098:
5087:. Retrieved
5059:
5052:
5011:
5007:Modern China
5005:
4999:
4990:
4968:
4962:
4948:
4939:
4929:November 12,
4927:. Retrieved
4916:
4907:
4884:
4836:
4832:
4819:
4808:. Retrieved
4789:
4735:
4729:
4703:. Retrieved
4692:
4668:. Retrieved
4636:
4578:
4574:
4507:Deputy heads
4506:
4489:
4473:
4449:Wang Xiaohui
4416:Zheng Bijian
4358:Ding Guangen
4290:Gang of Four
4276:
4235:Wu Liangping
4149:
4138:
4131:
4129:as a model.
4127:Soviet Union
4124:
4112:
4103:
4100:
4090:
4076:
4069:
4060:
4048:
4044:
4015:Toronto Star
4013:
4003:
3989:
3937:
3922:
3902:
3860:
3851:Ding Guangen
3846:
3842:
3838:
3834:
3830:
3825:
3823:
3813:
3804:
3795:
3792:collocations
3788:
3776:
3774:
3764:Zhōng xuānbù
3763:
3759:
3755:
3751:
3749:
3737:
3730:
3719:
3715:World War II
3712:
3705:
3667:
3663:
3659:
3657:
3585:Hukou system
2924:Great Cannon
2861:
2854:Global Times
2852:
2845:
2831:
2776:
2746:
2675:
2563:Chen Wenqing
2429:CCP (ruling)
2401:Top-ranked:
2369:United front
1969:Audit Office
1784:Zhang Youxia
1694:Central bank
1676:Wu Zhenglong
1653:Wu Zhenglong
1626:Liu Guozhong
1418:Li Hongzhong
1416:Top-ranked:
1081:Zhang Youxia
975:Organization
862:Constitution
808:Criminal law
796:
768:Property Law
767:
762:Property law
753:
746:
735:Marriage Law
734:
726:
718:
701:
607:Constitution
592:Constitution
323:Hanyu Pinyin
256:
241:Subsidiaries
197:Deputy heads
119:Headquarters
72:
69:Abbreviation
8829:Mine Safety
8789:Immigration
8718:Engineering
8697:Meteorology
8664:Information
8606:Counsellors
8422:Agriculture
8342:Development
8324:Departments
8234:Incumbent (
7932:Secretariat
7819:Social Work
6866:Wang Qishan
6860:He Guoqiang
6850:(1992–2002)
6670:Secretariat
6336:20th (2022)
6331:19th (2017)
6326:18th (2012)
6321:17th (2007)
6316:16th (2002)
6311:15th (1997)
6306:14th (1992)
6301:13th (1987)
6296:12th (1982)
6291:11th (1977)
6286:10th (1973)
5945:Commissions
5845:Departments
5830:Secretariat
5792:(2002–2012)
5786:(1989–2002)
5784:Jiang Zemin
5780:(1987–1989)
5778:Zhao Ziyang
5774:(1981–1987)
5768:(1976–1981)
5766:Hua Guofeng
5762:(1943–1976)
5756:(1935–1943)
5750:(1931–1935)
5744:(1928–1931)
5738:(1921–1927)
5014:(1): 3–32.
4437:Luo Shugang
4431:Ji Bingxuan
4422:Liu Yunshan
4364:Liu Yunshan
4352:Wang Renzhi
4310:Yao Wenyuan
4278:Interregnum
4253:Xi Zhongxun
4190:Peng Shuzhi
4036:Zhongnanhai
3924:China Daily
3861:Under the "
3843:information
3222:Wang Huning
3166:Taiwan Area
3104:Ho Iat-seng
3010:Xia Baolong
2863:China Today
2778:China Daily
2676:(chengguan)
2655: [
2561:Secretary:
2440:Shi Taifeng
2403:Shi Taifeng
2391:Wang Huning
2343: [
2326: [
1935:Secretary:
1898:Xu Xueqiang
1353:Party group
1302:Secretary:
1168:Wang Huning
1154:Wang Huning
730:(From 2021)
525:Wang Huning
477:Peng Liyuan
159: /
147:116°23′55″E
135:Coordinates
73:Zhongxuanbu
8923:Categories
8728:Governance
8659:Cyberspace
8586:Statistics
8566:Securities
8515:Affiliated
7843:Literature
7194:Ideologies
6913:Elected by
6281:9th (1969)
6276:8th (1956)
6271:7th (1945)
6266:6th (1928)
6261:5th (1927)
6256:4th (1925)
6251:3rd (1923)
6246:2nd (1922)
6241:1st (1921)
6109:Rural Work
5796:Xi Jinping
5772:Hu Yaobang
5760:Mao Zedong
5736:Chen Duxiu
5633:12 January
5602:2021-10-29
5571:2021-10-29
5497:2023-12-11
5404:2021-10-29
5316:2023-12-11
5239:2023-02-20
5206:2023-02-20
5125:2021-11-20
5089:2020-05-09
4957:, p. 1087.
4810:2021-11-12
4670:2020-05-09
4601:References
4532:Cao Shumin
4340:Deng Liqun
4328:Hu Yaobang
4301:Kang Sheng
4294:Kang Sheng
4223:Shen Zemin
4205:Luo Qiyuan
4051:propaganda
3831:propaganda
3728:politics.
3720:After the
3688:propaganda
3272:Xi Jinping
3270:Director:
3233:Director:
3216:Xi Jinping
3008:Director:
2953:Director:
2938:Director:
2729:Director:
2716:Shen Yiqin
2690:Propaganda
2616:Chen Yixin
2145:Liu Jinguo
2143:Director:
2117:Xi Jinping
1924:Liu Faqing
1922:Director:
1909:Director:
1896:Director:
1883:Director:
1870:Director:
1859:Liu Zhenli
1841:Director:
1809:Liu Zhenli
1791:He Weidong
1767:Xi Jinping
1660:Shen Yiqin
1521:Xi Jinping
1211:Director:
1183:Xi Jinping
1181:Director:
1138:Xi Jinping
1136:Director:
1099:Xi Jinping
1097:Chairman:
1085:He Weidong
1069:Xi Jinping
1016:Xi Jinping
781:Patent law
747:Labour Law
741:Labour law
727:Civil Code
534:Xi Jinping
498:Xi Jinping
489:Xi Jinping
473:First lady
467:Xi Jinping
423:Xi Jinping
414:Xi Jinping
373:Leadership
210:Cao Shumin
144:39°55′26″N
8706:Academies
8621:Religious
8447:Emergency
8412:Transport
8347:Education
8268:Executive
7919:Committee
7807:Publicity
7777:Politburo
7578:Secretary
7307:Shuanggui
7243:Groupings
7068:1955–1956
7064:1949–1955
7058:1933–1945
7054:1928–1933
6874:(2017–22)
6872:Zhao Leji
6868:(2012–17)
6862:(2007–12)
6856:(2002–07)
6844:(1987–92)
6838:(1978–87)
6832:(1955–68)
6830:Dong Biwu
6826:(1949–55)
6465:Politburo
6374:4th: 1927
6104:Education
5970:Financial
5820:Politburo
5790:Hu Jintao
5487:0362-4331
5447:0004-4687
5394:0099-9660
5285:245443824
5277:1086-3214
5044:148316475
5028:0097-7004
4992:Chinese).
4859:1744-6716
4843:: 58–77.
4800:0362-4331
4768:222814073
4752:1324-9347
4705:20 August
4660:968245349
4585:: 58–77.
4553:Wang Gang
4495:Hu Heping
4483:Politburo
4479:Li Shulei
4461:Hu Heping
4455:Li Shulei
4395:Hu Qiaomu
4382:Li Shulei
4370:Liu Qibao
4346:Zhu Houze
4316:Geng Biao
4259:Lu Dingyi
4247:Lu Dingyi
4211:Cai Hesen
4196:Cai Hesen
4172:Cai Hesen
4121:Structure
3839:publicity
3835:xuanchuan
3789:xuanchuan
3778:xuanchuan
3775:The term
3726:mass line
3468:Hong Kong
3454:Hong Kong
3440:Hong Kong
3151:One China
2976:Hong Kong
2754:Li Shulei
2739:Li Shulei
2712:Li Shulei
2229:Ying Yong
2206:Zhang Jun
2202:President
1911:Wang Peng
1885:Zhang Lin
1801:Members:
1612:He Lifeng
1547:Han Zheng
1513:President
1497:Presidium
1406:Zhao Leji
1381:Elections
1339:Secretary
1287:Secretary
1258:Li Ganjie
1199:He Lifeng
1112:Zhao Leji
962:Democracy
887:Communism
722:(to 2020)
571:Elections
516:Zhao Leji
222:Wang Gang
190:Hu Heping
178:Li Shulei
130:, Beijing
86:Formation
8905:denotes
8713:Sciences
8639:Research
8528:Taxation
8470:Agencies
8442:Veterans
8427:Commerce
8240:Li Qiang
8175:See also
7762:Chairman
7345:Category
6842:Qiao Shi
6836:Chen Yun
5955:Auditing
5627:Archived
5596:Archived
5565:Archived
5531:Archived
5491:Archived
5398:Archived
5355:Archived
5310:Archived
5233:Archived
5200:Archived
5116:Archived
5112:Sinopsis
5083:Archived
5079:49853349
4923:Archived
4804:Archived
4760:20066240
4699:Archived
4664:Archived
4634:(2008).
4542:Sun Yeli
4217:Li Lisan
4143:and the
4081:and the
3968:Function
3680:ideology
3336:to China
3324:in China
3296:Minister
3278:Li Qiang
3235:Song Tao
3214:Leader:
2995:Leader:
2702:Leader:
2635:Minister
2612:Minister
2577:Minister
2387:Chairman
2115:Leader:
2067:Dong Jun
2063:Minister
2049:Li Qiang
2045:Chairman
1872:Miao Hua
1816:Miao Hua
1757:Chairman
1585:Li Qiang
1402:Chairman
1315:Leader:
1191:Li Qiang
1148:Li Qiang
1108:Li Qiang
1065:Chairman
866:ideology
507:Li Qiang
432:Li Qiang
214:Sun Yeli
8799:Railway
8784:Tobacco
8756:Bureaus
8631:Offices
8523:Customs
8501:Special
8407:Housing
8387:Finance
8382:Justice
8352:Science
8337:Defense
8332:Foreign
8277:Premier
8270:meeting
8260:Members
8243:Cabinet
7580:,
7256:Tuanpai
6880:(2022–)
6024:Secrecy
4271:Wang Li
4265:Tao Zhu
4155:Leaders
4087:Marxism
4056:Shi Tao
4005:lingdao
3992:Chinese
3878:国家新闻出版署
3713:During
3702:History
3674:of the
3300:Wang Yi
3284:Wang Yi
2639:He Rong
2023:Militia
1579: (
1577:Premier
1531:Chief:
1224:Chief:
847:History
299:中共中央宣傳部
285:中共中央宣传部
96:1924-05
94: (
8895:since
8858:a.k.a.
8769:Energy
8733:a.k.a.
8654:Taiwan
8437:Health
8362:Ethnic
7821:, and
7066:&
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6888:Others
6824:Zhu De
6210:Yan'an
6205:Pudong
6189:Qiushi
6157:Others
6146:Office
6134:Office
6129:Taiwan
6097:Office
6029:Office
6017:Office
5990:Office
5727:Leader
5540:May 9,
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3845:, and
2940:Cai Qi
2752:Head:
2731:Cai Qi
2704:Cai Qi
2438:Head:
1533:Cai Qi
1430:Liu Qi
1256:Head:
1226:Cai Qi
1213:Cai Qi
1160:Cai Qi
1123:Cai Qi
1116:Cai Qi
864:&
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8576:Sport
8417:Water
8377:Civil
8083:, and
7845:, and
7062:7th:
7052:6th:
6878:Li Xi
5748:Bo Gu
5534:(PDF)
5523:(PDF)
5451:JSTOR
5281:S2CID
5171:JSTOR
5119:(PDF)
5108:(PDF)
5040:S2CID
5032:JSTOR
4839:(1).
4764:S2CID
4756:JSTOR
4581:(1).
4166:Li Da
4107:传媒监管局
4038:at 5
4028:Tibet
4020:media
3896:国家电影局
3887:国家版权局
3849:When
3472:Macau
3458:Macau
3444:Macau
3378:BRICS
2981:Macau
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2472:CPWDP
2462:CNDCA
2347:]
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1855:Chief
1317:Li Xi
1291:Li Xi
8897:1954
8809:Post
8774:Data
8236:14th
7764:and
7585:and
5635:2023
5542:2020
5483:ISSN
5443:ISSN
5390:ISSN
5363:2020
5273:ISSN
5152:2024
5075:OCLC
5065:ISBN
5024:ISSN
4981:ISBN
4931:2021
4893:ISBN
4855:ISSN
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4748:ISSN
4707:2020
4656:OCLC
4646:ISBN
4474:Head
4292:and
4095:思想工作
3833:for
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3809:宣传媒介
3746:Name
3658:The
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2467:CAPD
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1281:20th
1271:20th
1053:20th
1040:20th
1029:20th
1009:list
998:20th
988:20th
696:Laws
630:1978
625:1975
620:1954
173:Head
104:Type
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5435:doi
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