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Joseph Thomas (surveyor)

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1456:
that it did, I put the name to one of the streets requiring baptism. Lyttelton being the first born town got the best names for its streets, Sumner being next had the next best and Christchurch being the youngest had to be content with chiefly Irish and Colonial bishoprics as names for its streets. This accounts for, what to anyone not knowing the circumstances, appears strange, viz: that many of the best English Bishoprics are not represented while Irish and Colonial ones are. Sumner in fact died too late for the names there used to be again employed in Christchurch.
1232: 234: 44: 1244: 1220: 288:. Other instructions to Thomas included that the settlement should have a land area of at least 1,000,000 acres (4,000 km), with at least 300,000 acres (1,200 km) of that available for agriculture. The settlement could be at the coast or inland, but any coastal settlement required a good harbour, and the port should preferably be the capital. The capital was to be called 1375:
Thomas' first sketch map from 1849 commemorated about 30 members of the Canterbury Association. A reproduction of his sketch map is shown above, and the table identifies the localities named by him, together with their present name. Notable names that have changed were two major rivers, the Courtenay
1396:
It was quickly realised that land reclamation at the head of the harbour was too expensive, and the capital Christchurch was instead placed at the location that had been earmarked for Stratford. Mandeville was never built, and the land at Rāpaki was not available, as it had been promised to Maori as
1339:
Mr Thomas not only concurred in these arrangements, but was anxious to have them entered into, believing, as I do, that the presence of Messrs Deans and Mr George Rhodes with their stock and farms and their knowledge of climate, seasons, etc., will prove most valuable to the Canterbury immigrants in
1455:
The names of the streets of the three towns I surveyed were taken from Bishoprics and the way it was done was this; as soon as I completed the map I took it to Thomas who putting on his gold spectacles and opening his would read out a Bishop's name to hear if it sounded well. If I agreed with him
1344:
Everything proved very satisfactory for a new settlement, and the only possible obstacle was whether the harbour itself was going to be part of the land claim that the French initiative that resulted in the settlement of Akaroa had made. Fox applied to the governor for a ruling. During May 1849,
1388:
had already been named by the Deans Brothers; Godley was instructed in 1850 by the Canterbury Association to rename it as the Shakespeare River, but the original use prevailed. Thomas' intention was to initially build four towns: Lyttelton was to be the port town, placed at present-day
1477:, Thomas was blamed for the unfinished work. There was constant tension between Thomas and Godley, and Thomas was dismissed by the agent of the Canterbury Association in January 1851. Some of the most severe criticism was that there was no church for the settlers, but after the 299:
or nothing", with the name referring to what is now known as Lyttelton. In Nelson, he organised a copy of the report written by George Duppa of his 1841 exploration of Port Cooper and the adjacent plains. He reported to the Canterbury Organisation that the land question between
1460:
What Jollie referred to with 'Sumner dying' refers to the fact that the survey was not used, as Godley put the proposal on hold. Instead, the land in Sumner was sold as a rural block. When it was subdivided in the 1860s, the original survey was not used.
1323:. Thomas and Fox jointly approved land holdings for two parties of settlers already in the area, who had paid for land in the Wellington area which had not been available. The Deans brothers were granted 400 acres (160 ha), and the Rhodes brothers ( 1499:
to plead his case to the management committee of the Canterbury Association but nothing came of this. During the year in England, he married. He returned to New Zealand and in 1853, he sold his assets to take employment with a mining company in
1274:
as the New Zealand Company's agent accompanied the three surveyors on the journey, and they reached Port Cooper on 15 December 1848. They undertook a very thorough exploration of the various parts of what is now Canterbury, from near the
1468:
arrived in April 1850. Godley was the agent for the Canterbury Association, and he put an immediate stop to the works, as available funds had been used up; instead, a walking track was built over the Port Hills that became known as the
1393:, Christchurch was to go at the head of the harbour, Stratford was to be built at that point on the Avon River that could just be reached by boat, and Mandeville would be placed on a large island within the Courtenay (Waimakari) River. 1345:
both the Bishop and the Governor gave their approvals of the settlement for the Canterbury Association, and Grey thus confirmed that Port Cooper was not going to be part of the French land claim any longer.
1447:
The three towns that were surveyed were first Lyttelton, then Sumner, and lastly Christchurch. Except for early survey work in Lyttelton, which was done by Thomas and Torlesse, the work was done by
1413:(where the college was supposed to be located; the college was built in Christchurch instead), and Buccleugh (which was never built, but which exists as an uninhabited locality named Buccleuch at 1464:
Thomas was also tasked with organising and supervising the work that was necessary to prepare the settlement for the settlers. Work was under way on the road from Lyttelton to Sumner when
1478: 734: 1504:, Australia. It is not known exactly what he did after this; according to some reports, he died while in Wellington sometime during the 1880s, whilst others say that he died in 272:
on 5 November. Thomas' remit included to find the site of the settlement anywhere in New Zealand, and it appears that the Canterbury Association expected that land in the
745: 260:. His formal employer was the New Zealand Company, as the Canterbury Association had not received its charter. He left England on 6 July 1848 together with the surveyors 2081: 1296: 177:. Thomas left the army in 1833 with the rank of lieutenant, and worked in North and South America as a surveyor and mining engineer. He returned to England in 1839. 546: 141:, the agent of the Canterbury Association, just after the first settlers had arrived in the colony. Thomas' life after 1853 is unknown. Having allowed for 312:), whereas the government was still trying to purchase the land in the Wairarapa from the Māori, hence lessening delays "should we decide on Port Cooper". 2096: 341: 915: 483: 295:
Thomas may have had preconceived ideas about the location of the desired settlement, as he mentioned to a Nelson settler that the question is about "
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on 7 March 1840. As the land proved to be unavailable, he ventured into fishing and whaling, but in 1841 accepted a survey position under
559: 2101: 133:, which sent him to New Zealand in 1848. Thomas' role was to find a suitable site for their proposed settlement, and what became the 640: 1898: 618: 2000: 1416: 511: 1972: 1255:
Thomas went to Wellington next, where he arrived on 21 November 1848. He met with the governor, who advised him that Captain
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the early days of the settlement. They are all experienced settlers, hardy pioneers, and intelligent, respectable gentlemen.
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Thomas moved to Wellington and applied for land in the North Island. Instead, he left for England on 6 April 1852 on the
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region with Christchurch as its capital was the result of his efforts. He was dismissed in early 1851 over quarrels with
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as a generous central city green space is regarded as his major achievement, and it is his lasting legacy.
1850: 1751: 1406: 1308: 535: 522: 125:, gaining the rank of lieutenant. In the 1840s, he explored many parts of New Zealand and worked for the 1402: 1280: 1276: 1086: 878: 574: 1365: 1304: 1248: 142: 1470: 1271: 992: 721: 688: 1348:
To conform with his instructions, Thomas initially placed the settlement's capital at the head of
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in March 1843. In the following year, he was engaged to undertake survey work in the
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a reserve. Sites for other town, to be built later, were identified for
963: 437: 281: 174: 301: 1270:, and that he had instructed him to survey the coast near Port Cooper. 974: 675: 186: 1487:
defended his decision to focus on the necessary infrastructure first.
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be taken up, but he was instructed to obtain the consent of both the
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He returned to England and soon after in 1848 was appointed by the
206: 1300: 769: 1451:, who explains in his diary how the streets got their names: 1332: 214: 169:. He served in India and in November 1827 transferred to the 1473:. When the first settlers arrived from December 1850 on the 1748:"City of Christchurch European Settlement: Historical Note" 685: 308:, where the New Zealand Company had bought the land of the 109:(1803–?) was a British explorer and the chief surveyor for 221:, but the work was postponed and he explored parts of the 121:
in New Zealand. He took up surveying after service in the
1311:. Their own report was supplemented by a report from the 1864: 1777: 1765: 1617: 888: 256:
as their chief surveyor for their planned settlement in
2007:. Vol. XI, no. 529. 24 April 1852. p. 34 1881: 1879: 1824: 1822: 1820: 1818: 1816: 1641: 1629: 1315:, who at that time were the only white settlers on the 912: 161:
in the 101st Regiment. In 1819, he was admitted to the
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in the south, from the coast to the foothills of the
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19th (1st Yorkshire, North Riding) Regiment of Foot
2082:Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst 1981:. Vol. II, no. 69. 1 May 1852. p. 4 1928: 1169: 1002: 864: 532: 508: 1024: 840: 637: 556: 412: 2058: 2031:A History of Canterbury: Volume I : to 1854 1847:"Captain Thomas and the streets of Christchurch" 1072: 788: 1481:was completed in May 1852, an editorial in the 1409:; it was later built in a different location), 360: 1841: 1839: 1837: 1145: 960: 573:, but originally placed near the mouth of the 434: 1572: 1570: 1568: 1566: 1564: 1562: 1560: 1096: 661: 588:Possibly named after Malvern, Worcestershire 1834: 1266:had just finished a survey of the coast of 601:and thus laid the foundation of Canterbury 2097:Military personnel from Worcester, England 2038:Reed, A. W. (2010). Dowling, Peter (ed.). 1557: 1331:) were granted 450 acres (180 ha) in 42: 2005:Nelson Examiner and New Zealand Chronicle 157:, England, in 1803. At age 13, he was an 2033:. Christchurch: Whitcombe and Tombs Ltd. 1543: 1523: 1242: 1230: 1218: 232: 829:, but originally placed at present-day 377:, but originally placed at present-day 14: 2059: 2029:Hight, James; Straubel, C. R. (1957). 129:. This gained him employment with the 48:1840 portrait of Captain Joseph Thomas 2028: 1959: 1922: 1885: 1870: 1828: 1807: 1795: 1783: 1771: 1674: 1659: 1647: 1635: 1623: 1611: 1576: 304:and Otago had been resolved (through 228: 2037: 1734: 1722: 1710: 1698: 1686: 772:in England, or University of Oxford 165:and in November 1822, he joined the 1584:Dictionary of New Zealand Biography 24: 759:Unclear; either Samuel Wilberforce 25: 2113: 1589:Ministry for Culture and Heritage 1553:. 13 November 1827. p. 2332. 1533:. 23 November 1822. p. 1916. 1360:were to be placed at what is now 1307:and back via the inland shore of 163:Royal Military College, Sandhurst 2102:British emigrants to New Zealand 2042:. Rosedale, North Shore: Raupo. 1993: 1965: 1891: 1740: 316:Sortable and collapsible table 1537: 1517: 1490: 1350:Lyttelton Harbour / Whakaraupō 855:Lyttelton Harbour / Whakaraupō 327:Canterbury Association member 247:Lyttelton Harbour / Whakaraupō 180: 13: 1: 2022: 1319:, with their farm located at 652:Mount Herbert / Te Ahu Patiki 148: 1939:"6. Christchurch: 1849–1851" 1903:Land Information New Zealand 7: 1851:Christchurch City Libraries 1752:Christchurch City Libraries 1407:Lake Ellesmere / Te Waihora 1368:was to be near present-day 1309:Lake Ellesmere / Te Waihora 523:Lake Ellesmere / Te Waihora 314: 201:. Thomas undertook work in 10: 2118: 2040:Place Names of New Zealand 1403:Selwyn River / Waikirikiri 1287:. Thomas himself explored 1281:Ashburton River / Hakatere 1087:Selwyn River / Waikirikiri 879:Ashburton River / Hakatere 575:Selwyn River / Waikirikiri 1063:Ōpāwaho / Heathcote River 329: 326: 323: 320: 193:and arrived there on the 185:Thomas purchased land in 88: 80: 68: 53: 41: 34: 1511: 803:Port Levy / Koukourarata 722:Mount Somers / Te Kiekie 689:George Kettilby Rickards 1380:) and Cholmondley (now 903:Ashley River / Rakahuri 629:the town was not built 426:the town was not built 245:located at the head of 2087:Green Howards officers 2077:Canterbury Association 2072:Ashburton, New Zealand 1458: 1342: 1252: 1240: 1228: 1134:the site was used for 547:Lake Forsyth / Wairewa 449:Mount Grey / Maukatere 254:Canterbury Association 249: 131:Canterbury Association 98:Canterbury Association 2092:New Zealand surveyors 1973:"The Lyttelton Times" 1941:. Canterbury Heritage 1453: 1337: 1246: 1234: 1222: 1099:descriptive name only 892:Anthony Ashley-Cooper 352:Buccleuch (locality) 321:Name given by Thomas 236: 167:87th Regiment of Foot 36:Captain Joseph Thomas 1626:, pp. 113, 116. 1508:at an unknown date. 1432:43.6890°S 171.4395°E 1291:on foot and went to 1279:in the north to the 1125:, the birthplace of 916:William Cholmondeley 403:Awaroa / Godley Head 27:New Zealand surveyor 1899:"Place Name Detail" 1873:, pp. 120–121. 1786:, pp. 116–117. 1774:, pp. 115–116. 1650:, pp. 87, 115. 1638:, pp. 113–114. 1506:Victoria, Australia 1428: /  1352:at the present-day 1227:from September 1849 1127:William Shakespeare 1120:Stratford-upon-Avon 909:River Cholmondeley 711:Thomas Somers-Cocks 619:Viscount Mandeville 317: 241:by Thomas, showing 191:New Zealand Company 173:for service in the 153:Thomas was born in 127:New Zealand Company 94:New Zealand Company 75:death place unknown 1550:The London Gazette 1530:The London Gazette 1466:John Robert Godley 1437:-43.6890; 171.4395 1253: 1241: 1239:from November 1849 1229: 1204:Samuel Wilberforce 1197:Robert Wilberforce 1190:Wilberforce Plain 392:John Robert Godley 315: 250: 229:Canterbury surveys 199:William Mein Smith 139:John Robert Godley 1577:Patterson, Brad. 1366:Government Domain 1317:Canterbury Plains 1217: 1216: 1212:Canterbury Plains 1184:Canterbury Plains 1160:Canterbury Plains 1052:William Heathcote 951:Waimakariri River 940:William Courtenay 491:William Coleridge 342:Duke of Buccleuch 268:, and arrived in 219:Frederick Tuckett 103: 102: 92:Surveyor for the 84:Soldier, surveyor 16:(Redirected from 2109: 2053: 2034: 2017: 2016: 2014: 2012: 1997: 1991: 1990: 1988: 1986: 1969: 1963: 1957: 1951: 1950: 1948: 1946: 1935: 1926: 1920: 1914: 1913: 1911: 1909: 1895: 1889: 1883: 1874: 1868: 1862: 1861: 1859: 1857: 1849:. 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552: 551: 548: 545: 542: 537: 531: 529:Lake Forsyth 528: 527: 524: 521: 518: 513: 507: 504: 503: 500: 497: 494: 492: 485: 479: 476: 475: 471: 468: 463: 457: 454: 453: 450: 447: 444: 439: 433: 430: 429: 425: 422: 417: 411: 408: 407: 404: 401: 398: 393: 387: 384: 383: 380: 376: 373: 370: 365: 359: 357:Christchurch 356: 355: 351: 348: 343: 337: 334: 333: 330:Present name 319: 313: 311: 307: 303: 298: 293: 291: 287: 286:Bishop Selwyn 283: 279: 275: 271: 267: 263: 259: 255: 248: 244: 240: 235: 226: 224: 220: 217:region under 216: 212: 208: 204: 200: 196: 192: 188: 178: 176: 172: 168: 164: 160: 156: 146: 144: 140: 136: 132: 128: 124: 120: 116: 112: 108: 107:Joseph Thomas 99: 95: 91: 87: 83: 81:Occupation(s) 79: 71: 67: 62: 56: 52: 45: 40: 33: 30: 19: 2039: 2030: 2009:. Retrieved 2004: 2001:"Wellington" 1995: 1983:. Retrieved 1976: 1967: 1955: 1943:. Retrieved 1918: 1906:. Retrieved 1893: 1866: 1854:. Retrieved 1803: 1791: 1779: 1767: 1755:. Retrieved 1742: 1730: 1718: 1706: 1694: 1682: 1655: 1643: 1631: 1619: 1592:. Retrieved 1582: 1548: 1539: 1528: 1519: 1496: 1494: 1482: 1479:first church 1463: 1459: 1454: 1446: 1395: 1374: 1347: 1343: 1338: 1305:Little River 1262: 1254: 1249:Christchurch 1136:Christchurch 1093:Snowy Range 927:Rakaia River 785:Port Albert 746:Mount Talbot 385:Godley Head 375:Christchurch 364:Christchurch 294: 290:Christchurch 251: 243:Christchurch 223:North Island 211:Samuel Brees 194: 184: 152: 123:British army 119:Christchurch 106: 104: 72:year unknown 29: 2067:1803 births 1545:"No. 18414" 1525:"No. 17872" 1491:Later years 1471:Bridle Path 1435: / 1423:171°26′22″E 1405:flows into 1378:Waimakariri 1272:William Fox 1268:Hawke's Bay 1149:John Sumner 981:River Eyre 964:Edward Cust 957:River Cust 735:John Talbot 658:Mount Hutt 612:Mandeville 438:George Grey 306:Kemp's Deed 297:Port Cooper 282:George Grey 262:Thomas Cass 181:New Zealand 175:West Indies 143:Hagley Park 2061:Categories 2023:References 1960:Hight 1957 1923:Hight 1957 1886:Hight 1957 1871:Hight 1957 1829:Hight 1957 1808:Hight 1957 1796:Hight 1957 1784:Hight 1957 1772:Hight 1957 1675:Hight 1957 1660:Hight 1957 1648:Hight 1957 1636:Hight 1957 1624:Hight 1957 1612:Hight 1957 1497:Midlothian 1420:43°41′20″S 1386:Avon River 1364:, and the 1354:Teddington 1297:Pigeon Bay 1113:Stratford 993:Eyre River 975:Cust River 676:Mount Hutt 597:first met 379:Teddington 335:Buccleugh 324:Named for 258:Canterbury 239:Canterbury 187:Wellington 149:Early life 135:Canterbury 1735:Reed 2010 1723:Reed 2010 1711:Reed 2010 1699:Reed 2010 1687:Reed 2010 1321:Riccarton 1293:Port Levy 1225:Lyttelton 827:Lyttelton 665:John Hutt 595:Wakefield 409:Goulburn 284:) and of 274:Wairarapa 225:instead. 189:from the 155:Worcester 111:Lyttelton 63:, England 61:Worcester 2011:19 March 1985:19 March 1945:23 March 1908:23 March 1856:16 March 1757:23 March 1594:16 March 775:unclear 593:, where 553:Lincoln 302:Kaikōura 278:Governor 203:Wanganui 195:Adelaide 105:Captain 1399:Lincoln 1384:). The 1263:Acheron 752:Oxford 571:Lincoln 207:Porirua 2046:  1411:Oxford 1391:Rāpaki 1382:Rakaia 1329:George 1301:Akaroa 1237:Sumner 831:Rāpaki 779:Oxford 770:Oxford 768:), or 599:Godley 270:Nelson 159:ensign 115:Sumner 1512:Notes 1376:(now 1333:Purau 310:Māori 215:Otago 2044:ISBN 2013:2013 1987:2013 1947:2013 1910:2013 1858:2013 1759:2013 1596:2013 1327:and 1261:HMS 1208:yes 1202:and 1180:yes 1156:yes 1059:yes 1035:yes 1013:yes 971:yes 947:yes 923:yes 899:yes 875:yes 823:yes 742:yes 718:yes 696:yes 672:yes 648:yes 626:yes 567:yes 543:yes 519:yes 495:yes 489:and 469:yes 423:yes 399:yes 349:yes 264:and 205:and 117:and 96:and 69:Died 57:1803 54:Born 1444:). 1259:of 1131:no 1105:no 1083:no 989:no 851:no 799:no 604:no 445:no 371:no 2063:: 2003:. 1975:. 1930:^ 1901:. 1878:^ 1836:^ 1815:^ 1750:. 1667:^ 1604:^ 1587:. 1581:. 1559:^ 1547:. 1527:. 1303:, 1299:, 1295:, 1108:? 292:. 113:, 2052:. 2015:. 1989:. 1949:. 1912:. 1860:. 1761:. 1598:. 764:( 280:( 20:)

Index

Captain Thomas

Worcester
New Zealand Company
Canterbury Association
Lyttelton
Sumner
Christchurch
British army
New Zealand Company
Canterbury Association
Canterbury
John Robert Godley
Hagley Park
Worcester
ensign
Royal Military College, Sandhurst
87th Regiment of Foot
19th (1st Yorkshire, North Riding) Regiment of Foot
West Indies
Wellington
New Zealand Company
William Mein Smith
Wanganui
Porirua
Samuel Brees
Otago
Frederick Tuckett
North Island

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