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balancing of statewide land use goals for historic preservation and high-value resource lands through the affording of such sites a precedent path for a
Statewide Land Use Goal Exception. The decision established that adaptive reuse of historic structures on resource land is necessary to preserve them, and that local jurisdictions can and should strategically rezone to allow limited uses not otherwise allowed in resource zones. The decision not only supported viable approaches to preserve these specific sites, but also provided a bright line preservation path for all historic resources in Oregon Timber and Agriculture zones.
584:), their habitat, and the effect of the release of 1 million cubic yards (750,000 cubic meters) of sediment on the river course. In 2004, PGE allowed its operating license to lapse, and filed a notice stating: "the likely cost of providing the necessary level of protection, mitigation, and enhancement for the resources affected by the Project would outweigh the economic benefit of generation at the Project over the life of a new license" The project continued to operate with license extensions while decommissioning awaited approval. In 2006, PGE requested special approval of the decommissioning from the
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660:, featured the powerhouse and associated structures. The site's transformer building served as a gathering place for giant beaver creatures. The generator hall was the site of a battle between the show's protagonist and German "Grimm Reapers", culminating with the beheading of the would-be assassin reapers.
671:
In 2016 changes in ownership occurred. The historic schoolhouse and park components of the site were conveyed to
Trackers Earth, an environmental education organization. The Powerhouse was established as an independent site as a result of the aforementioned land use decision, and was conveyed to
648:
An event commemorating the 100th anniversary of the
Powerhouse and its contributions to the region was organized by Powerhouse Re Gen in 2012. The event attracted 600 visitors, including a number of long-time employees of the facility whose stories were captured by an ongoing oral history project
663:
In April 2014, the
Clackamas County Board of Commissioners designated as the first Historic District within unincorporated Clackamas County the ensemble consisting of: the powerhouse site, the historic former Bull Run elementary school, and portions of the former Roslyn Lake Recreational Area.
644:
Powerhouse ReGen (owners: Jeff Joslin, Karen
Karlsson, Rick Michaelson) completed the acquisition in 2011, the property by then consisting of the powerhouse site, the historic former Bull Run elementary school, and portions of the former Roslyn Lake Recreational Area. Since the transference of
667:
Following a decision by the
Clackamas County Board of Commissioners to approve uses for the site other than those uses no longer allowed following decommissioning, the decision was appealed to the Oregon Land Use Board of Appeals (LUBA). The decision was upheld in LUBA No 2015-022, allowing a
616:
PGE removed Little Sandy Dam in 2008, eliminating Roslyn Lake. This restored Little Sandy River flow and made salmon and steelhead migration once again possible. In May 2009, a fish biologist reported that salmon and steelhead were spawning upstream of the former dam. PGE donated 1,500 acres
296:
to supplement the Little Sandy Dam. The Marmot Dam, 45 feet (14 m) high, diverted water from the Sandy to the Little Sandy by canal and tunnel, the longest of which ran 4,690 feet (1,430 m) under the ridge between the two rivers. The new dam supplied up to 600 cubic feet per second
772:
580:, a non-profit dispute resolution organization, to help develop a detailed consensus plan among the interested parties. An agreement was reached in 2002 on the decommissioning. The primary issues addressed by the reviews were the impact on fish species (particularly
599:
Before Marmot Dam could be removed, a temporary coffer dam had to be built upstream. When this phase of the project was complete, the removal of the permanent concrete dam could proceed. The destruction of the permanent dam began on 26 July 2007, when a public
628:
As part of its decommissioning, PGE planned to demolish the powerhouse until a private company offered to buy it. Powerhouse Re Gen LLC, a group of historic preservationists, agreed to acquire the building which is eligible for listing on the
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the
Powerhouse Center On The Bull Run, a non-profit established to maintain and preserve the Powerhouse, and identify future potential uses related to historic preservation and environmental education and stewardship.
608:
over approximately 4 months. The last concrete from Marmot Dam was removed on
September 30, 2007, and the final phase of removal was completed on 20 October 2007, when the temporary earthen dam washed away and the
571:
The decommissioning project required significant oversight, because Marmot Dam was the largest concrete dam ever removed in the United States. PGE sought and received initial approval for the project from the
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Wood box flume, after nearly 100 years of service, passing over the emptied Little Sandy riverbed. Rail tracks are mounted on the top of the flume for a maintenance trolley (note the dog at the footings for
239:
to feed a remote storage reservoir and powerhouse. The entire project was removed because of rising environmental costs. Marmot Dam on the Sandy River was demolished in 2007, and the Little Sandy Dam on the
1191:
641:, complete an environmental study of the site, and seek approval from FERC. Re Gen, which had not announced specific plans for the site, plans to preserve it as well as other structures near Roslyn Lake.
347:
297:(17 m/s) to the Little Sandy above its diversion dam, and the Little Sandy provided up to 200 cubic feet per second (5.7 m/s), all of which could be diverted through the flume to Roslyn Lake.
439:
285:, at 242 feet (74 m). The 140-acre (57 ha) lake acted as a reservoir for the powerhouse, which was completed and put into operation in 1912, the same year that the MHR&P merged with
312:; however it performed poorly at first and required frequent upgrades and maintenance, which continued into the 1990s. To prevent fish from being swept into the diversion canal, PGE installed
917:
596:, which granted approval for the decommissioning on May 21, 2007. A spokesman for the Corps stated that the removal project was unusual, because "Large dams usually don't get removed."
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access to the upper 6.5 miles (10.5 km) of the river. Roslyn Lake was at 656 feet (200 m) above sea level, about 400 feet (120 m) higher than the mouth of the
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621:. This land is planned to form the core of a 9,000-acre (3,600 ha) natural refuge and public recreation area, which will be managed by the
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265:(MHR&P), also known as the Mount Hood Company, began the project in 1906, building the Little Sandy Dam to divert water through a wooden
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The decommissioning of the dam was the subject of an episode of
Megastructures Breakdown broadcast on the National Geographic Channel.
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625:. PGE's water rights on the river were transferred to the state. As of 2009, PGE biologists continue to monitor the streams.
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For the
Decommissioning of the Bull Run Hydroelectric Project (FERC No. 477), Sandy River Basin, Clackamas County, Oregon
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Evaluation of Geomorphic Effects of Removal of Marmot and Little Sandy Dams and Potential Impacts on Anadromous Salmonids
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709:
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area for nearly a century, until it was removed in 2007 and 2008. The project used a system of canals, tunnels, wood box
645:
ownership, restoration has commenced on various elements of the sites, but no specific repurposing has been determined.
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of February 2, 2010, although PGE and Re Gen had agreed on the purchase, Re Gen was required to seek approval from
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1192:"Salmon and Steelhead Runs and Related Events of the Sandy River Basin – A Historical Perspective"
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Numerical Modeling of Sediment Transport in the Sandy River, OR Following Removal of Marmot Dam
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When the dam removal begins it will be the largest concrete dam in America to come down.
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Settlement Agreement Concerning the Removal of the Bull Run Hydroelectric Project...
824:"Decommissioning Plan for the Bull Run Hydroelectric Project, FERC Project No. 447"
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1194:. Portland, Oregon: Portland General Electric Company. Retrieved January 16, 2010.
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1079:"Preservation group reaches agreement with PGE to acquire Bull Run Powerhouse"
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in 1951 and later added a bypass system to rescue fish trapped in the canal.
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902:, Technical Report prepared for PGE by Stillwater Sciences, March 2000. (
886:, Technical Report prepared for PGE by Stillwater Sciences, March 2000. (
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1052:. The Foundation for Water and Energy Education (FWEE). Archived from
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Marmot Dam. The fish ladder is visible on the far side of the dam.
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Clean Water Act § 401 Certification Evaluation and Finding Report
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weakened the structure. The rest of the dam was destroyed using
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Map of the components of the Bull Run Hydroelectric Project
829:. Portland General Electric. November 2002. Archived from
219:. Originally built between 1908 and 1912 near the town of
577:
1389:
Former hydroelectric power plants in the United States
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Taylor, William Thomas; Daniel Harvey Braymer (1917).
1374:
Buildings and structures in Clackamas County, Oregon
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1071:
743:. United States Geological Survey. November 28, 1980
714:. United States Geological Survey. November 28, 1980
613:
began to flow freely for the first time since 1912.
546:
The powerhouse had a generating capacity of 22
860:"Bull Run dam removal poses engineering challenges"
323:Marmot Dam was replaced with a concrete structure.
1298:, PGE and interested parties, October 24, 2002. (
1023:"Successful Salmon Spawning in Little Sandy River"
918:"Blasts Spell Beginning of the End for Marmot Dam"
726:
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938:. Portland General Electric. 2007. Archived from
550:(MW), enough to power 12,000 homes in 2007.
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1046:"PGE will remove 2 dams in basin of Sandy River"
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588:, because of the project's potential impact on
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1404:Demolished buildings and structures in Oregon
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792:"2 the Outdoors - Marmot Dam Comes Down Soon"
1106:"Preservationist group purchases Powerhouse"
1419:Buildings and structures demolished in 2007
998:. Portland General Electric. Archived from
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27:
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649:associated with the preservation effort.
287:Portland Railway, Light and Power Company
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1044:Brinckman, Jonathan (October 12, 2002).
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592:. The final review was conducted by the
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1369:Energy infrastructure completed in 1912
962:"Rain helps Sandy River run wild, free"
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1345:. McGraw-Hill Book Company. pp.
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617:(610 ha) of the dam site to the
594:United States Army Corps of Engineers
292:In 1913 PRL&P built a dam on the
289:(PRL&P), the predecessor of PGE.
1384:Hydroelectric power plants in Oregon
631:National Register of Historic Places
574:Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
263:Mount Hood Railway and Power Company
1157:"Penstocks of the Past, and Future"
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739:Geographic Names Information System
710:Geographic Names Information System
576:(FERC) in 1999. PGE later employed
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920:. The Money Times. Archived from
771:Editorial staff (July 29, 2007).
586:National Marine Fisheries Service
513:Bull Run Hydroelectric powerhouse
1409:2007 disestablishments in Oregon
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1207:
1155:George Kramer (April 28, 2012).
1132:"Sale Saves Bull Run Powerhouse"
790:McOmie, Grant (April 11, 2005).
567:Time lapse video of Dam removal.
1424:Former power stations in Oregon
1342:American Hydroelectric Practice
1333:Restoring the Sandy River Basin
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22:Marmot Dam and Little Sandy Dam
1394:Portland General Electric dams
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916:Sarma, Daisy (July 27, 2007).
858:Tucker, Libby (May 24, 2007).
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773:"A river released to the wild"
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205:Bull Run Hydroelectric Project
42:Bull Run Hydroelectric Project
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1399:1912 establishments in Oregon
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1318:"Marmot Dam Comes Down Soon"
1316:McOmie, Grant (2005-04-11).
7:
1284:GPX (secondary coordinates)
794:. KATU news. Archived from
215:basin in the U.S. state of
10:
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619:Western Rivers Conservancy
300:The Marmot Dam included a
1279:GPX (primary coordinates)
1254:Map all coordinates using
1110:Daily Journal of Commerce
864:Daily Journal of Commerce
635:Daily Journal of Commerce
623:Bureau of Land Management
480:Bull Run Hydro powerhouse
211:(PGE) development in the
209:Portland General Electric
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1262:Download coordinates as:
1190:Taylor, Barbara (1998).
1161:The Preserve Oregon Blog
1130:Jim Hart (May 2, 2012).
244:was taken down in 2008.
1243:Renewable energy portal
1175:"Saving the Powerhouse"
1025:. Portland Water Bureau
761:Taylor, pp. 22–24
694:Taylor, pp. 21–22
176:Installed capacity
116:Construction began
1364:Dams completed in 1906
568:
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502:45.42901°N 122.23395°W
410:45.41492°N 122.17757°W
364:45.39969°N 122.13233°W
304:to allow migration of
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189:Annual generation
84:45.42901°N 122.23395°W
1274:GPX (all coordinates)
1104:Weinstein, Nathalie.
1081:. PGE. Archived from
1056:on September 27, 2011
942:on September 28, 2007
936:"Dam Removal Project"
836:on September 28, 2007
602:controlled demolition
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542:intake at Lake Roslyn
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319:In 1989 the original
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1085:on November 29, 2010
1002:on February 13, 2015
633:. According to the
507:45.42901; -122.23395
415:45.41492; -122.17757
369:45.39969; -122.13233
248:History and overview
132:Demolition date
89:45.42901; -122.23395
1177:. 23 November 2015.
968:. October 29, 2007.
924:on August 31, 2007.
658:Leave It to Beavers
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163:Total capacity
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456:45.425°N 122.242°W
271:Little Sandy River
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242:Little Sandy River
193:110,000 MW·h (400
170:(1,145,000 m)
1335:(American Rivers)
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606:pneumatic hammers
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50:United States
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39:Official name
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16:Dam in Oregon
1341:
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1229:Water portal
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1083:the original
1060:December 18,
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1414:Former dams
1185:Works cited
1115:February 9,
1089:February 9,
840:February 9,
747:January 16,
718:January 16,
611:Sandy River
590:coho salmon
505: /
492:122°14′02″W
467:Roslyn Lake
459: /
446:122°14′31″W
434:Roslyn Lake
413: /
400:122°10′39″W
367: /
354:122°07′56″W
321:timber crib
302:fish ladder
294:Sandy River
213:Sandy River
158:Roslyn Lake
87: /
75:122°14′02″W
63:Coordinates
1358:Categories
1141:2012-04-10
1136:Sandy Post
676:References
511: (
489:45°25′44″N
465: (
443:45°25′30″N
419: (
397:45°24′54″N
375:Marmot Dam
373: (
351:45°23′59″N
342:Marmot Dam
327:Operations
72:45°25′44″N
1322:KATU News
1310:1.2MB pdf
1300:1.2MB pdf
904:2.1MB pdf
888:3.7MB pdf
656:episode,
582:salmonids
548:megawatts
337:Location
310:steelhead
279:steelhead
168:acre-feet
150:Reservoir
135:2007-2008
802:June 11,
540:Penstock
229:Portland
221:Bull Run
140:Owner(s)
55:Location
578:RESOLVE
334:Feature
257:scale).
155:Creates
100:Purpose
47:Country
741:(GNIS)
712:(GNIS)
306:salmon
275:salmon
233:flumes
217:Oregon
207:was a
108:Status
58:Oregon
1349:–124.
834:(PDF)
827:(PDF)
654:Grimm
267:flume
1117:2010
1091:2010
1062:2009
1031:2009
1008:2009
948:2007
871:2007
842:2010
804:2008
749:2010
720:2010
308:and
277:and
261:The
235:and
203:The
166:928
127:1912
119:1908
1347:123
1269:KML
180:22
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