Bow River - Knowledge

70: 1270: 3917: 434: 583:

While other groups likely caught fish during harder times, they primarily hunted buffalo during the summer season when fishing would have been most plentiful. The river's water naturally attracted game, which the First Nations men also hunted, while women gathered the roots, nuts and berries and processed them for food. The river's game, its local sources for firewood, and its valleys' shelter made the river a common camp location for First Nations during the prairie winters. The danger of crossing the river meant it was a natural boundary for First Nations. The two main fords of the lower Bow River,

637: 1788: 3907: 1818: 1773: 1833: 1351: 862: 98: 1293:. The Bow River holds a resident population of rainbow and brown trout that has one of the best growth rates to be found on any river system in the world today. A trout that is 4 to 5 years old will be around 53 centimetres (21 in) long, and the Bow River holds many fish that are this size or larger. Mainly the river is fished south of the city of Calgary, past where the water treatment sites dump into the river. The volume of nutrients and number of fish are higher there. 672: 684: 1743: 1803: 731: 426: 772: 3376: 3548: 660:

operations, Calgary Power relied upon estimates of the river's minimum flow during winter conditions. Thus, despite the amount of energy the company had contracted, it could not reliably fulfill these obligations during winters. With capital already invested in Horseshoe, Calgary Power opened another hydroelectric plant and reservoir two years later at Kananaskis Falls just upstream from Horseshoe Falls. A storage reservoir was also created within

1757: 892:

importantly, the image of Banff. There was also fear that continued reliance on the Bow as a natural sewer would either cap the development of Banff or eventually have great risk to public health. By the 1960s, the town built a modern sewage facility and stopped releasing untreated waters into the Bow. The river's aesthetic qualities had increasing priority in terms of effects of development within the borders of a National Park.

787:, established the Bow River Water Quality Council as a provincial advisory body. The council was to promote awareness of the river's water quality and try to improve it through fact-finding and aiding inter-institutional coordination. It was composed of representatives from diverse interests such as First Nations, agriculture, and municipalities. Recreational groups represented on the council, such as 38: 53: 105: 77: 1169:, was originally part of land that the federal government granted to the Canadian Pacific Railway in lieu of a portion of the payment for the construction of the railway. In 1929 the CPR split the property into two parts and divested itself of both sections. In 1935 a delegation of irrigation farmers took control of the eastern section and established the EID. 718:

generation during fall and winter. Comparing 1924–33 to 1954–63, the Bow River's January flow had approximately doubled 30 years later. Parts of the river, such as that preceding Ghost Dam, had practically turned into lakes. These developments had ecological effects, too. For example, reservoirs allowed certain fish species, such as the

853:

Banff, realized this element. When work began on a new luxury hotel in Banff in 1886–87, Van Horne personally redesigned and reoriented the plans so that the guests of the hotel would be able to see the vista of the Bow River. Many early postcards from Banff, as well as some current ones, prominently featured the Bow River.

1406:

and the City of Calgary, began construction of the Bow River Weir paddle around, named the Harvie Passage. The passage allowed for the wave to be dispersed over a set of several smaller rapids while still supplying water to its irrigation district. Altogether, the paddle around cost $ 18 million and

1231:

Because of the dependence of the region on Bow River irrigation water, in the early 21st century all three irrigation districts began to make major changes in order to continue to serve their large mandated areas. In 2006, as a part of the "Water for Life Initiative", the Alberta government placed a

1208:

In March 2012, the citizens of the BRID voted in favour of expanding the area of the district by 110 square kilometres (28,000 acres). An expansion of 85 square kilometres (21,000 acres) passed in 2004 as well. This means that, for the second time in eight years, the BRID will increase its demand on

795:

Greater changes in attitude toward the river were manifest in the Bow River Water Quality Council's reports over time. By 1994, the reports emphasized the importance of the Bow's ecological balance as a whole for maintaining its water quality and quantity. In the mid-1990s, the upper Bow River began

1414:, and all of the Harvie Passage work was destroyed. After that flood, the passage was closed to the public and a safety boom ahead of the rapids was re-installed. It was estimated that rebuilding the Harvie Passage to the original intent of the project (completed in 2012) would cost $ 23.4 million. 879:

began to focus on the economic benefits of accessible, mass marketable tourism. Changes included new highways and the creation of storage reservoirs for the water needed to sustain the burgeoning community. The Bow River was now seen both for its aesthetic qualities and for new utilitarian aspects.

755:

Park advocates defined the Bow River within Calgary as the city's nature: it was something to be protected for and enjoyed by the public. However, as progress was made in the parks' creation, this "environmental" view of the Bow's nature proved selective. For example, trees were not to be cut down,

751:

and the city began negotiating a CPR reroute that would follow the south bank of the Bow River, turning it into a parkway and the CPR's rail mainline. Among the plan's critics was the Local Council of Women, reminding the city of its 1955 promise for a river park. After negotiations between the CPR

679:

The Bow River's hydroelectric development both conforms to and contrasts with elements of conservationist ideology in the United States during this era. This ideology espoused that rational and planned resource development guided by technicians should benefit the greatest number of people possible.

1358:

Projects such as the McGregor, Chestermere, and Ghost dams were originally built for either agricultural or electrical purposes but are also important for the recreational facilities they offer. Since their construction, the dams along the Bow River have played a central role in the development of

717:

Between 1910 and 1960, the Bow River was radically changed as it was systematically engineered to control its water flow and provide hydroelectric power. The seasonal summer flooding in Calgary was an issue of the past. Water was held by reservoirs during spring and summer, permitting steady power

852:

The designation of the national park marked a turning point in the public's perception of the Bow River. The river began to be appreciated for its aesthetic value in addition to its industrial and agricultural uses. Officials of the Canadian Pacific Railway, the company who led the development of

582:

First Nations used the river's valleys for the buffalo hunt, in which herds of buffalo were driven over cliffs or into valleys where they could be killed more easily with bows and arrows. Of all the First Nations groups that lived in the Bow River area, only the Nakoda fished the river regularly.

1192:

The water of the WID, diverted at the Calgary Weir, is instrumental to southern Alberta agriculture and, unlike the other two districts, supports the urban needs city of Calgary. It is able to supply both agricultural and urban needs since the WID has higher levels of rainfall than the other two

887:

began to be discharged into the Bow River. Because of the self-purification powers of the cold, braided water, however, the Bow was incredibly effective as a natural sewage-treatment facility. Tourists and residents were often unaware of the transformation of the Bow River into a sewage system.

767:

After an Alberta Environment official discovered a toxic "blob" in the Bow in October 1989, human needs again were given priority. Originating from an abandoned wood-preserving plant on the Bow River's bank, the "blob" in the river had released a carcinogenic plume that stretched more than 250

1260:

established a partnership to create additional wildlife habitat within the Eastern Irrigation District's boundaries. This demonstrated the EID's goal of encouraging wildlife in order to contribute to the growth of its tourist sector. Hunting and fishing are now promoted on the EID's website.

1172:

The EID, diverting its water at the Bassano and Newell dams, is the largest private land owner in Alberta. Recently the EID began promoting the recreational possibilities that have developed alongside the district's irrigation development. The EID currently owns and operates the Rolling Hills

659:

Calgary Power had problems before this dam was completed in 1911. The Bow River originates from a northern mountain, and its flow varies considerably depending upon the amount and location of winter snowfalls. A comprehensive study of the Bow's flow measurements had not been conducted. In its

763:

The grassroots advocacy done by the Local Council of Women denotes emerging environmental sensibilities that are representative of larger trends occurring in North America during this period. Samuel Hays associated such movements with the emergence of an advanced consumer society. Unlike the

691:

In this process, Calgary Power ultimately fulfilled conservationist ideology as it increasingly brought the Bow River's interdependent sectors, and thus it as a whole, under control, while failing to embody conservationist ideals of rationally developing the Bow initially. Also in line with

891:

As Banff continued to grow, the river continued to digest the increased volume of sewage. This practice, however, began to touch an ideological nerve among the tourists and residents of Banff. Pouring raw sewage into one of the main attractions of the park polluted both the river and, more

627:

on 22 September 1877, ceding lands in exchange for defined reserves. From the perspective of the Canadian government, these groups had surrendered all their land privileges outside their reserves. The reserves of the Nakoda, Tsuu Tʼina, and Siksika were established along the Bow River.

2314: 594:

Fur traders began to move to the Bow River region following Thompson's expedition, but the river was not used extensively in the fur trade. First Nations already weakened by declining buffalo numbers and disease were further devastated by the introduction of the whisky trade.

742:

By the 1950s, the Bow River's south bank in Calgary was a generally derelict commercial zone. The Calgary Local Council of Women was the most vocal advocate for turning this area into a park system as a part of a broader campaign for improved public and social services.

764:

pre-World War II elitist ideology of conservationist production, this emergent approach in North America was of grassroots consumers democratically engaging in environmental issues, and there was often tension between the public and managers of the environment.

791:

and Bow Waters Canoe Club, expressed concern for the river's environment. Their attitudes were not strictly human-centric, but, like those favoring a park system in Calgary, they defined the Bow River's environment as something worth preserving for human use.

1205:, was created in 1968, making it the most recent district to be supplied by the Bow. The BRID diverts the Bow at the Carseland weir and also uses the McGregor, Travers, and Little Bow dams. Each has a reservoir that is also used for recreational purposes. 849:. Originally 647 square kilometres (250 sq mi), it was Canada's first national park and included part of the Bow River. Eventually the park grew to include the Bow Glacier, an outflow of the Wapta Icefield and the source of the Bow River. 623:. With bison numbers declining and white settlers becoming increasingly common in the region, the Nakoda, Tsuu Tʼina, Kainai, Piikanai, and Siksika met with representatives of the Canadian government at Blackfoot Crossing on the Bow River and signed 1394:

down the Bow River are such popular summer activities, there had been many fatalities. Furthermore, because fish were not able to pass through the structure, they too became trapped in the circulating wave and a dense, unnatural concentration of

1371:, about 8 kilometres (5 mi) northeast of the dam, began advertising the Bassano dam as a tourist attraction for the town. At this point the Bassano dam now also started offering group tours, fishing and picnic areas, and a scenic viewpoint. 591:(where today's central Calgary developed), became important gathering points for First Nations to exchange goods and celebrate festivities. Blackfoot Crossing was used by the Siksika as a winter campsite and is today a part of their reserve. 699:, was completed in 1951; and, at the behest of the provincial government, Bearspaw Dam was built in 1954 just west of Calgary to control flooding (the dam included a generating station) and 1955 saw the development of two reservoirs on the 2420: 2303: 1366:

Dam in 1907, housing developments began to occur around the neighbouring lake and in 1992, because of these developments, Chestermere was declared a town. Similarity, after a three-year refurbishing project ending in 1987, the town of

618:

In order to proceed with railway construction through present-day Alberta and an orderly settlement of the Bow region, the government sought to extinguish title of First Nations to specific lands, and negotiated to do so through

1339:. Along the Bow River pathway, many people partake in canoeing, kayaking, rafting, paddle boarding, and other activities on the water. Dog owners and families often use the river banks and beaches for outdoor recreation. 668:. Despite this additional reservoir and both plants, Calgary Power still struggled to fulfill its power contracts during winter months. In the 1920s, the company began planning new projects to control the Bow River. 1248:

in order to decrease contamination, spillage, and loss of water to evaporation. A drawback of this change is that trees must be cleared in order to prevent roots from damaging the pipeline, changing the habitat.

768:

kilometres (160 mi) downstream. Its discovery caused alarm in the media and amongst those living along the Bow River (two years earlier, 70 percent of Calgarians reported using the Bow recreationally).

692:

conservationism, bureaucrats allowing the construction of the Minnewanka reservoir espoused that the nation's development as a whole superseded the need to protect a small part of Banff National Park's nature.

1280:

The Bow River provides habitat for wildlife and many opportunities for recreation such as fishing and boating. Both fly fishermen and spinner fishermen share the river in all four seasons of the year. Serious

2594: 2481: 2362: 2096:

Carter, Sarah; Hildebrandt, Walter (2006). "'A Better Life with Honour': Treaty 6 (1876) and Treaty 7 (1877) with Alberta First Nations". In Payne, Michael; Wetherell, Donald; Cavanaugh, Catherine (eds.).

800:. This was part of the larger pursuit of treating Banff National Park's ecosystems as something intrinsically valuable: maintaining these ecosystems was now prioritized over human enjoyment of the parks. 1240:

basins. The government also requested that the three irrigation districts increase their efficiency by 30 percent. The irrigation districts are improving their irrigation system by changing most

2428: 1253: 680:

In this light, rivers could be seen as a series of interdependent parts, and engineering all of them could give technicians control over the system as a whole for the benefit of society.

1382:

In 1904 the Bow River Weir was constructed close to Calgary's downtown core in order to divert water into the Western Irrigation District. Since its construction a side effect of the

756:

but landscaping to accommodate cyclists was endorsed. In short, the river was valued above all when it suited human goals. Calgary eventually developed an extensive plan for the

824:

rivers and tributaries. A dozen municipalities declared local states of emergency on June 20 as water levels rose, and numerous communities were placed under evacuation orders.

842: 2598: 2538: 2485: 2366: 1417:

By 2021, construction on the Harvie Passage was complete. The passage was redesigned to withstand a flood similar to the one that damaged the previous structures.

1362:

Two key examples that demonstrate the connection of recreation and tourism with irrigation are the Chestermere and Basano dams. Following the construction of the

747:

agreed to the idea in 1955, but by 1959 little progress had been made to fund the project. To accommodate increasing traffic flow through the growing city, the

752:

and Calgary ended in failure in 1964, urban elites, such as golf clubs, increasingly endorsed the Local Council of Women's idea for a riverfront park system.

644:

Calgary was growing rapidly after 1900. The city businessmen pressed for dam construction in order to generate cheaper power from hydroelectric sources.

2935: 69: 3413: 2059: 1402:

In order to combat the circulating wave and undertow, in August 2007 the Province of Alberta through the Alberta Lottery fund, in conjunction with the

656:

in 1910. That year, on property purchased from the Nakoda, Calgary Power began constructing Alberta's first major hydroelectric plant, Horseshoe Dam.

2561: 1832: 2842: 555:

during the 1787–88 winter. Before they arrived, First Nations populations had lived in the Bow region for thousands of years. Among them were the

3279: 2697: 695:

Calgary Power's ad hoc hydroelectric development of the Bow continued. Ghost Dam was built in 1929; a major development on the Bow's tributary,

1157:

The Bow River supplies the water for three irrigation districts in southern Alberta: the Eastern, Western, and Bow River irrigation districts.

710:

industrial demand increased pressure on the river: another hydroelectric development was built within Banff National Park, this time on the

599:

was established in 1869, and whisky traders were active along the Bow River during the 1870s. To stop these operations, the recently formed

233: 170: 551:

are traditionally considered to be the first people of European origin to see the Bow River. They camped along the Bow with a group of

579:

had migrated westward, possibly in the early eighteenth century, but still occasionally ventured into the Bow region to hunt bison.

2389: 2225: 3955: 812:

had such heavy rainfall that catastrophic flooding occurred throughout much of the southern half of the province along the Bow,

3406: 1772: 530:

The Bow River has a total length of 587 km (365 mi) and a drainage area of 26,200 km (10,100 sq mi).

2992: 2969: 2182: 2041: 1787: 3201: 3222: 2289: 1386:

had been that it created a circulating wave, with a lethal and powerful undertow, immediately downstream of it. Because

900:

The Bow river contains seven dams and weirs on its main stream and ten other dams on its tributaries. In response to the

388:

made varied use of the river for sustenance before settlers of European origin arrived, such as using its valleys in the

3960: 640:

Mountains around Banff, with Spray River flowing north to the Bow River at Banff (a small cloud obscures Banff itself)

3399: 3175: 3150: 3035: 2912: 2865: 2209: 904:

a new reservoir storage is being proposed on the river. Three options are being considered including a new dam near

3497: 3274: 2816: 1882: 2723: 1817: 413:

and drinking water. Between the years 1910 and 1960, the Bow River and its tributaries were engineered to provide

2636: 1174: 3008: 2569: 2508: 1347:

The recreation and tourism sector of the Bow developed closely alongside the river's water irrigation projects.

704: 3360: 3284: 604: 97: 2056: 3950: 3248: 2451: 3892: 3124: 3073: 2667: 1920: 1802: 417:

power, primarily for Calgary's use. This significantly altered the river's flow and certain ecosystems.

3945: 3793: 3467: 3343: 3269: 1756: 20: 2332: 3887: 3856: 3773: 3577: 3547: 3434: 3335: 3109: 2701: 1860: 1228:

Of the 45 crops that are grown in the Bow River basin, only 10 could be produced without irrigation.

600: 548: 3655: 3617: 3537: 3502: 3155: 1507: 1269: 1237: 876: 748: 485: 396:

refers to the reeds that grew along its banks and were used by the First Nations to make bows; the

355: 2149: 837:

In 1887 the Canadian parliament, under the urging of the Canadian Pacific Railway vice-president,

3715: 3675: 3517: 3243: 3104: 3063: 3058: 2127: 1549: 1177:

on the eastern bank of the Newell reservoir, which has been stocked with native species of fish.

711: 544: 385: 3680: 3670: 3660: 3289: 3253: 1793: 1710: 1430: 1257: 645: 2199: 433: 3768: 3720: 3705: 3685: 3665: 3645: 3482: 3452: 3294: 3028: 2031: 1616: 564: 1437:

commonly called "rock snot", is threatening the stocked exotic invasive brown trout stocks.

3851: 3625: 3217: 3196: 3119: 3114: 2266:

Kaufmann, Bill (June 21, 2013). "Thousands flee rising waters from Red Deer to Crowsnest".

2201:

Conservation and the Gospel of Efficiency: The Progressive Conservation Movement, 1890-1920

1742: 797: 744: 493: 461: 636: 8: 3650: 3094: 1452: 1411: 1319:, is developed on both banks of the river throughout the city of Calgary and is used for 1189:, was the second half of the land divested by the CPR. The WID was established in 1944. 1186: 901: 661: 438: 2397: 2251:

Hays, Samuel P. (2005). "From Conservation to Environment". In Merchant, Carolyn (ed.).

2171:

Hays, Samuel P. (2005). "From Conservation to Environment". In Merchant, Carolyn (ed.).

3940: 3788: 3700: 3487: 2981: 2229: 1763: 1698: 1403: 1245: 584: 520: 505: 453: 397: 1312:, including Graves Landing, Highway 22X Bridge, Policeman's Flats and McKinnon Flats. 519:

Communities along the Bow include Lake Louise, Banff, Canmore, Cochrane, Calgary, and

3831: 3821: 3758: 3690: 3315: 3099: 2988: 2965: 2205: 2178: 2037: 1316: 1202: 838: 757: 620: 477: 379: 2936:"University of Calgary partners with Trout Unlimited to collect 'rock snot' samples" 3866: 3836: 3763: 3492: 3379: 3325: 3320: 3310: 3227: 3140: 3021: 2418: 1935: 1846: 1808: 1602: 1426: 1368: 1274: 909: 735: 700: 497: 481: 469: 457: 382:, developed along the river's banks, is considered a part of Calgary's self-image. 347: 3783: 3635: 3597: 3567: 3472: 3442: 3348: 3145: 3068: 2172: 2063: 1838: 1778: 1706: 1297: 1166: 905: 788: 665: 556: 552: 3882: 3861: 3841: 3803: 3630: 3607: 3582: 3522: 3160: 3078: 1670: 1296:

Outdoor adventurers use primarily three types of boats to enjoy the river, the

869: 817: 576: 465: 449: 43: 861: 350:

and winds through the Alberta foothills onto the prairies, where it meets the

3934: 3911: 3846: 3778: 3695: 3602: 3462: 2887: 1336: 1332: 1290: 776: 649: 596: 509: 414: 248: 235: 185: 172: 2793: 560: 3921: 3753: 3748: 3730: 3725: 3640: 3507: 3447: 1717:

on the upper course, and a few man-made reservoirs along the lower course.

1285:

from all over the world visit the Bow River for its thriving population of

1233: 821: 760:, and it is considered an important element of Calgary's self-image today. 707: 683: 671: 608: 513: 489: 389: 375: 359: 351: 3710: 2843:"Calgary's Harvie Passage 'deathtrap' undergoes makeover after 2013 flood" 2281: 3826: 3798: 3592: 3587: 3532: 3527: 3512: 3477: 3422: 3391: 3165: 2771: 1748: 1702: 1649: 1544: 1374:

Communities have also recently begun to appear around Ghost Dam as well.

1363: 1286: 1173:

Reservoir Campground. In 1951, the Province of Alberta also established

813: 784: 730: 719: 696: 612: 588: 445: 425: 371: 216: 2749: 1886: 771: 2727: 1823: 1714: 1309: 865: 501: 473: 410: 363: 2644: 2253:

Major Problems in American Environmental History: Documents and Essays

2174:

Major Problems in American Environmental History: Documents and Essays

1940: 3740: 3572: 3559: 2516: 1350: 1282: 963: 653: 524: 2750:"What's Happening?: A Timeline of the Bow River Weir 1904 - present" 1396: 1391: 1301: 930: 722:, to outcompete others, while other species virtually disappeared. 624: 3013: 3813: 3426: 3191: 3044: 1842: 1694: 1387: 1328: 1320: 809: 572: 367: 343: 2459: 2030:

Armstrong, Christopher; Evenden, Matthew; Nelles, H. V. (2009).

3353: 1324: 1241: 884: 568: 2675: 52: 37: 2506: 2177:(second ed.). Boston, MA: Wadsworth. pp. 325, 344. 2036:. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. pp. 26–27. 1434: 1305: 2304:"Bow River Reservoir Options Phase 1: Conceptual Assessment" 2568:. Vauxhall Advance and Alta Newspaper Group. Archived from 2449: 2387: 2340: 2330: 1410:

In June 2013, just a year after the project was completed,

1383: 1232:

moratorium on any new licenses for water use from the Bow,

1201:

The Bow River Irrigation District (BRID), headquartered in

429:

The Saskatchewan River drainage basin showing the Bow River

1377: 1193:

districts, and it receives much of Calgary's storm water.

2927: 2419:

University of Alberta Department of Biological Sciences.

2101:. Vol. 1. Edmonton, AB: University of Alberta Press. 1726:

Christopher Armstrong, Matthew Evenden, and H.V. Nelles.

2834: 1342: 1185:

The Western Irrigation District (WID), headquartered in

1165:

The Eastern Irrigation District (EID), headquartered in

2665: 2634: 2589: 2587: 631: 2962:

The River Returns: An Environmental History of the Bow

2866:"Harvie Passage made safer, while some have big plans" 2033:

The River Returns: An Environmental History of the Bow

2029: 1728:

The River Returns: An Environmental History of the Bow

2637:"Local Business Benefits From Irrigation Canal Rehab" 2619: 2025: 2023: 2021: 2019: 2017: 2015: 2013: 2011: 2009: 2007: 2005: 2003: 2001: 1999: 1997: 1995: 1993: 1991: 1989: 1987: 1985: 1983: 1981: 1979: 1977: 1975: 1973: 1971: 1877: 1875: 2808: 2794:"Who's Helping?: Harvie Passage Foundation Partners" 2772:"Why A Weir?: About Harvie Passage and its Benefits" 2584: 2091: 2089: 2087: 1969: 1967: 1965: 1963: 1961: 1959: 1957: 1955: 1953: 1951: 916:

Dams on the main stream from upstream to downstream

856: 2515:. The Bow River Irrigation District. Archived from 2116:. Edmonton, AB: Hurtig Publishers Ltd. p. 224. 1532:

Brewster Creek, Howard Douglas Creek, Fatigue Creek

2980: 2905: 1872: 2458:. The Western Irrigation District. Archived from 2396:. The Eastern Irrigation District. Archived from 2339:. The Eastern Irrigation District. Archived from 2095: 2084: 1948: 1308:. There are several spots on the river to launch 832: 3932: 2817:"Calgary's Harvie Passage gets another makeover" 1730:(Toronto: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2009) 1196: 2204:. University of Pittsburgh Press. p. 104. 2080:. Saskatoon, SK: Fifth House Ltd. pp. 8–9. 401: 2539:"Episode Three: Bow River Irrigation District" 1180: 1160: 845:, created Rocky Mountains Park, later renamed 587:and a ford near the Bow's confluence with the 476:reservoir is formed upstream from the town of 464:then turns east and flows through the town of 409:The river is an important source of water for 3407: 3029: 2964:. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. 2674:. Eastern Irrigation District. Archived from 2643:. Western Irrigation District. Archived from 1914: 1912: 1910: 1908: 1906: 1904: 1640:Towers Creek, Pile of Bones Creek, Park Creek 895: 2482:"Episode Three: Western Irrigation District" 1697:and artificial are found in the Bow Valley: 1399:congregated immediately following the weir. 3280:Southern Francophone Education Region No. 4 2796:. Harvie Passage: Calgary Bow River Project 2774:. Harvie Passage: Calgary Bow River Project 2752:. Harvie Passage: Calgary Bow River Project 2363:"Episode Four: Eastern Irrigation District" 1412:Calgary was hit with an epic 100 year flood 358:. These waters ultimately flow through the 3421: 3414: 3400: 3036: 3022: 2255:. Boston, MA: Wadsworth. pp. 344–348. 1901: 1209:the Bow River by roughly 10 percent. 1061:Flood control, recreation and electricity 1039:Electricity, recreation and flood control 908:, an expanded Ghost Dam or a new dam near 452:. The outflow from this source flows into 2959: 2857: 2700:. The Town of Chestermere. Archived from 2595:"Episode Nine: Irrigation and Recreation" 2111: 1939: 366:. The Bow River runs through the city of 328:1,640 m/s (58,000 cu ft/s) 2265: 1349: 1268: 1252:in 1987 the EID in association with the 860: 770: 729: 682: 670: 635: 480:. The Bow flows eastward to the city of 432: 424: 406:, meaning "river where bow reeds grow". 2427:. University of Alberta. Archived from 2320:from the original on November 28, 2021. 2228:. TransAlta Corporation. Archived from 2075: 1378:Calgary's weir project (Harvie Passage) 527:are on the river's course, near Banff. 286:26,200 km (10,100 sq mi) 3933: 2978: 2597:. Alberta Water Portal. Archived from 2484:. Alberta Water Portal. Archived from 2365:. Alberta Water Portal. Archived from 2292:from the original on January 25, 2021. 1921:"How Did Calgary Get Its River Parks?" 1918: 308:129 m/s (4,600 cu ft/s) 3395: 3017: 2933: 2913:"Alberta researchers study rock snot" 2814: 2726:. The Town of Bassano. Archived from 2624:. Government of Alberta. p. 137. 1407:was completed in the spring of 2012. 1343:Recreation and industrial development 2953: 2390:"Rolling Hills Reservoir Campground" 2250: 2197: 2170: 1445: 632:Hydroelectric development, 1910–1960 3043: 2868:. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation 2507:The Bow River Irrigation District. 2099:Alberta Formed, Alberta Transformed 1473:Molar Creek, Little Pipestone Creek 1212: 725: 543:The fur trader James Gaddy and the 460:. It flows south to the village of 13: 3546: 2840: 1720: 1254:Alberta Fish and Wildlife Division 318:3 m/s (110 cu ft/s) 14: 3972: 3002: 2559: 2450:The Western Irrigation District. 2388:The Eastern Irrigation District. 2331:The Eastern Irrigation District. 1885:. Bow Riverkeeper. Archived from 857:Sustainability as a national park 611:in 1875 at the confluence of the 104: 76: 3915: 3905: 3375: 3374: 3275:Calgary Catholic School District 2863: 1831: 1816: 1801: 1786: 1771: 1755: 1741: 783:As a result, Alberta's premier, 538: 103: 96: 75: 68: 51: 36: 2979:Conaty, Gerald T., ed. (2004). 2960:Armstrong, Christopher (2010). 2880: 2786: 2764: 2742: 2716: 2690: 2659: 2628: 2613: 2553: 2531: 2500: 2474: 2443: 2412: 2381: 2355: 2324: 2296: 2274: 2259: 2244: 2218: 2191: 2164: 1175:Kinbrook Island Provincial Park 1084:Drinking water and electricity 444:The river's source is from the 346:, Canada. It begins within the 3956:Rivers of the Canadian Rockies 2620:Government of Alberta (2007). 2142: 2120: 2105: 2069: 2050: 1440: 1123:Bow River Irrigation District 841:, and the federal land agent, 833:Designation as a national park 803: 705:Peter Lougheed Provincial Park 484:; it continues on to form the 227: • coordinates 164: • coordinates 1: 3361:Calgary International Airport 3285:List of schools and libraries 2987:. Toronto: Key Porter Books. 2934:Myers, Sean (July 11, 2016). 2698:"The History of Chesteremere" 2666:Eastern Irrigation District. 2635:Western Irrigation District. 1866: 1264: 1197:Bow River Irrigation District 1008:In planning, (2032 if built) 146:Physical characteristics 2983:The Bow: Living with a River 2112:MacGregor, James G. (1972). 1145:Eastern Irrigation District 1101:Western Irrigation District 1053:In planning (2032 if built) 875:From the 1920s forward, the 488:when the Bow joins with the 266: • elevation 207:1,960 m (6,430 ft) 203: • elevation 7: 3893:Whooping Crane Summer Range 3551:Rivers and lakes in Alberta 1919:Nelles, H. V. (Fall 2005). 1854: 1181:Western Irrigation District 1161:Eastern Irrigation District 1016:Flood control, electricity 354:, the two then forming the 10: 3977: 3270:Calgary Board of Education 2282:"Hydroelectric Facilities" 1781:formed along the Bow River 1734: 1420: 1359:the adjacent communities. 896:Irrigation and development 714:, a tributary of the Bow. 533: 324: • maximum 314: • minimum 304: • average 270:700 m (2,300 ft) 21:Bow River (disambiguation) 18: 3961:Tributaries of Hudson Bay 3902: 3875: 3812: 3774:Little Bow Lake Reservoir 3739: 3616: 3558: 3544: 3433: 3369: 3334: 3303: 3262: 3236: 3210: 3184: 3133: 3087: 3051: 2509:"The Importance of Water" 2333:"History of the District" 2198:Hays, Samuel P. (1999) . 1861:List of rivers of Alberta 945: 942: 939: 936: 926: 923: 920: 883:By the 1950s Banff's raw 796:being treated explicitly 601:North-West Mounted Police 420: 332: 322: 312: 302: 294: 290: 282: 278:587 km (365 mi) 274: 264: 225: 215: 211: 201: 162: 154: 150: 145: 137: 129: 124: 62: 50: 35: 30: 3156:Rocky Mountain Foothills 1762:Bow River originates in 1238:South Saskatchewan River 877:National Parks of Canada 827: 749:Canadian Pacific Railway 734:The river flows through 687:Bow River trestle bridge 486:South Saskatchewan River 374:at the historic site of 356:South Saskatchewan River 348:Canadian Rocky Mountains 221:South Saskatchewan River 84:River's mouth in Alberta 16:River in Alberta, Canada 3009:Bow River Basin Council 2938:. University of Calgary 2152:. TransAlta Corporation 2130:. TransAlta Corporation 808:In June 2013, southern 758:Bow River's park system 448:, which is part of the 402: 3552: 3290:Calgary Public Library 2562:"BRID votes to expand" 2541:. Alberta Water Portal 2425:Atlas of Alberta Lakes 2076:Stenson, Fred (1994). 2062:April 4, 2007, at the 1841:crossing the river in 1796:formed along Bow River 1431:Didymosphenia geminata 1355: 1277: 1258:Ducks Unlimited Canada 1056:Government of Alberta 1011:Government of Alberta 872: 780: 739: 688: 676: 646:William Maxwell Aitken 641: 441: 430: 400:name for the river is 249:49.92833°N 111.68667°W 186:51.65083°N 116.42000°W 3888:Peace–Athabasca Delta 3550: 3295:University of Calgary 2572:on September 18, 2012 2226:"Plants in Operation" 1883:"About the Bow River" 1353: 1272: 864: 774: 733: 686: 674: 654:Calgary Power Company 639: 565:Blackfoot Confederacy 436: 428: 3197:The Bow (skyscraper) 3176:Prince's Island Park 3120:1988 Winter Olympics 2566:The Vauxhall Advance 2462:on December 28, 2011 2431:on February 10, 2012 2114:A History of Alberta 2078:The Story of Calgary 1928:Urban History Review 1811:above the Bow River. 1562:Foothills and plains 976:Horseshoe Falls Dam 745:Calgary City Council 567:, consisting of the 545:Hudson's Bay Company 254:49.92833; -111.68667 191:51.65083; -116.42000 57:Map of the Bow River 19:For other uses, see 3951:Banff National Park 2232:on February 3, 2010 1636:Jumpingpound Creek 1574:Three Sisters Creek 1453:Banff National Park 1273:The Bow River near 1187:Strathmore, Alberta 1081:Bearspaw Reservoir 937:Year of completion 917: 902:2013 Alberta floods 847:Banff National Park 662:Banff National Park 439:Banff National Park 378:near downtown. The 245: / 182: / 87:Show map of Alberta 42:The Bow River near 3701:North Wabasca Lake 3553: 3538:South Saskatchewan 3503:North Saskatchewan 3095:2013 Calgary flood 3074:Notable Calgarians 2519:on August 25, 2011 2456:History of the WID 2066:- Rivers in Canada 1627:Grand Valley Creek 1404:Calgary Foundation 1356: 1278: 915: 873: 781: 740: 689: 677: 642: 585:Blackfoot Crossing 506:Saskatchewan River 442: 431: 398:Blackfoot language 115:Show map of Canada 112:Bow River (Canada) 3946:Rivers of Alberta 3928: 3927: 3912:Rivers portal 3883:Hay-Zama Wetlands 3832:Columbia Icefield 3389: 3388: 3316:Calgary White Hat 3105:Fairmont Palliser 3100:Hub Oil explosion 2994:978-1-55263-634-3 2971:978-0-7735-7679-7 2815:Bobrovitz, Gary. 2704:on March 17, 2012 2678:on April 19, 2012 2400:on April 19, 2012 2343:on April 19, 2012 2184:978-0-6183-0805-7 2043:978-0-7735-3584-8 1941:10.7202/1016045ar 1690: 1689: 1659: 1641: 1585: 1533: 1517: 1493: 1474: 1317:Bow River pathway 1203:Vauxhall, Alberta 1155: 1154: 946:Primary purposes 943:Reservoir formed 839:William Van Horne 500:. It reaches the 380:Bow River pathway 336: 335: 3968: 3922:Lakes portal 3920: 3919: 3918: 3910: 3909: 3908: 3867:Waputik Icefield 3794:Milk River Ridge 3416: 3409: 3402: 3393: 3392: 3378: 3377: 3311:Calgary Stampede 3038: 3031: 3024: 3015: 3014: 2998: 2986: 2975: 2948: 2947: 2945: 2943: 2931: 2925: 2924: 2922: 2920: 2909: 2903: 2902: 2900: 2898: 2888:"Harvie Passage" 2884: 2878: 2877: 2875: 2873: 2861: 2855: 2854: 2852: 2850: 2845:. Calgary Herald 2838: 2832: 2831: 2829: 2827: 2812: 2806: 2805: 2803: 2801: 2790: 2784: 2783: 2781: 2779: 2768: 2762: 2761: 2759: 2757: 2746: 2740: 2739: 2737: 2735: 2730:on April 8, 2012 2720: 2714: 2713: 2711: 2709: 2694: 2688: 2687: 2685: 2683: 2663: 2657: 2656: 2654: 2652: 2647:on March 6, 2012 2632: 2626: 2625: 2617: 2611: 2610: 2608: 2606: 2601:on July 14, 2014 2591: 2582: 2581: 2579: 2577: 2557: 2551: 2550: 2548: 2546: 2535: 2529: 2528: 2526: 2524: 2504: 2498: 2497: 2495: 2493: 2488:on July 14, 2014 2478: 2472: 2471: 2469: 2467: 2452:"Our Beginnings" 2447: 2441: 2440: 2438: 2436: 2416: 2410: 2409: 2407: 2405: 2385: 2379: 2378: 2376: 2374: 2369:on July 14, 2014 2359: 2353: 2352: 2350: 2348: 2328: 2322: 2321: 2319: 2308: 2300: 2294: 2293: 2278: 2272: 2271: 2263: 2257: 2256: 2248: 2242: 2241: 2239: 2237: 2222: 2216: 2215: 2195: 2189: 2188: 2168: 2162: 2161: 2159: 2157: 2146: 2140: 2139: 2137: 2135: 2124: 2118: 2117: 2109: 2103: 2102: 2093: 2082: 2081: 2073: 2067: 2054: 2048: 2047: 2027: 1946: 1945: 1943: 1925: 1916: 1899: 1898: 1896: 1894: 1879: 1835: 1820: 1805: 1790: 1775: 1759: 1745: 1657: 1639: 1603:Kananaskis River 1583: 1541:Forty Mile Creek 1531: 1515: 1492:Wildflower Creek 1491: 1472: 1469:Pipestone River 1446: 1427:invasive species 1390:, canoeing, and 1225: 1224: 1220: 1213:Irrigation today 968:Seebe Reservoir 918: 914: 868:and the town of 736:Bowness, Calgary 726:Environmentalism 701:Kananaskis River 571:, Piikanai, and 498:southern Alberta 458:Canadian Rockies 437:Morant's Curve, 405: 370:, taking in the 325: 315: 305: 260: 259: 257: 256: 255: 250: 246: 243: 242: 241: 238: 204: 197: 196: 194: 193: 192: 187: 183: 180: 179: 178: 175: 165: 116: 107: 106: 100: 88: 79: 78: 72: 55: 40: 28: 27: 3976: 3975: 3971: 3970: 3969: 3967: 3966: 3965: 3931: 3930: 3929: 3924: 3916: 3914: 3906: 3904: 3898: 3871: 3808: 3735: 3612: 3554: 3542: 3429: 3420: 3390: 3385: 3365: 3349:Calgary Transit 3330: 3299: 3258: 3237:Public services 3232: 3206: 3180: 3146:Greater Calgary 3129: 3083: 3047: 3045:City of Calgary 3042: 3005: 2995: 2972: 2956: 2954:Further reading 2951: 2941: 2939: 2932: 2928: 2918: 2916: 2911: 2910: 2906: 2896: 2894: 2886: 2885: 2881: 2871: 2869: 2862: 2858: 2848: 2846: 2839: 2835: 2825: 2823: 2813: 2809: 2799: 2797: 2792: 2791: 2787: 2777: 2775: 2770: 2769: 2765: 2755: 2753: 2748: 2747: 2743: 2733: 2731: 2722: 2721: 2717: 2707: 2705: 2696: 2695: 2691: 2681: 2679: 2664: 2660: 2650: 2648: 2633: 2629: 2618: 2614: 2604: 2602: 2593: 2592: 2585: 2575: 2573: 2560:Busch, Trevor. 2558: 2554: 2544: 2542: 2537: 2536: 2532: 2522: 2520: 2505: 2501: 2491: 2489: 2480: 2479: 2475: 2465: 2463: 2448: 2444: 2434: 2432: 2417: 2413: 2403: 2401: 2386: 2382: 2372: 2370: 2361: 2360: 2356: 2346: 2344: 2329: 2325: 2317: 2306: 2302: 2301: 2297: 2280: 2279: 2275: 2264: 2260: 2249: 2245: 2235: 2233: 2224: 2223: 2219: 2212: 2196: 2192: 2185: 2169: 2165: 2155: 2153: 2148: 2147: 2143: 2133: 2131: 2126: 2125: 2121: 2110: 2106: 2094: 2085: 2074: 2070: 2064:Wayback Machine 2057:Atlas of Canada 2055: 2051: 2044: 2028: 1949: 1923: 1917: 1902: 1892: 1890: 1889:on May 18, 2010 1881: 1880: 1873: 1869: 1857: 1850: 1839:Crowchild Trail 1836: 1827: 1821: 1812: 1806: 1797: 1791: 1782: 1779:Vermilion Lakes 1776: 1767: 1760: 1751: 1746: 1737: 1723: 1721:Further reading 1707:Vermilion Lakes 1691: 1681:Matzhiwin Creek 1675:Arrowwood Creek 1658:West Nose Creek 1630:McClennan Creek 1568:Policeman Creek 1522:Wolverine Creek 1512:Redearth Creek 1501:Silverton Creek 1443: 1423: 1380: 1345: 1298:inflatable boat 1267: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1216: 1215: 1199: 1183: 1167:Brooks, Alberta 1163: 1111:Carseland Wier 951:Kanasaskis Dam 898: 859: 835: 830: 806: 789:Ducks Unlimited 728: 703:in what is now 675:Lake Minnewanka 666:Lake Minnewanka 634: 541: 536: 423: 323: 313: 303: 267: 253: 251: 247: 244: 239: 236: 234: 232: 231: 228: 202: 190: 188: 184: 181: 176: 173: 171: 169: 168: 163: 120: 119: 118: 117: 114: 113: 110: 109: 108: 91: 90: 89: 86: 85: 82: 81: 80: 58: 46: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3974: 3964: 3963: 3958: 3953: 3948: 3943: 3926: 3925: 3903: 3900: 3899: 3897: 3896: 3890: 3885: 3879: 3877: 3873: 3872: 3870: 3869: 3864: 3859: 3854: 3849: 3844: 3839: 3834: 3829: 3824: 3818: 3816: 3810: 3809: 3807: 3806: 3801: 3796: 3791: 3786: 3781: 3776: 3771: 3766: 3761: 3756: 3751: 3745: 3743: 3737: 3736: 3734: 3733: 3728: 3723: 3718: 3713: 3708: 3703: 3698: 3693: 3688: 3683: 3678: 3673: 3668: 3663: 3658: 3653: 3648: 3643: 3638: 3633: 3628: 3622: 3620: 3614: 3613: 3611: 3610: 3605: 3600: 3595: 3590: 3585: 3580: 3575: 3570: 3564: 3562: 3556: 3555: 3545: 3543: 3541: 3540: 3535: 3530: 3525: 3520: 3515: 3510: 3505: 3500: 3495: 3490: 3485: 3480: 3475: 3470: 3465: 3460: 3455: 3450: 3445: 3439: 3437: 3431: 3430: 3419: 3418: 3411: 3404: 3396: 3387: 3386: 3384: 3383: 3370: 3367: 3366: 3364: 3363: 3358: 3357: 3356: 3346: 3340: 3338: 3336:Transportation 3332: 3331: 3329: 3328: 3323: 3318: 3313: 3307: 3305: 3301: 3300: 3298: 3297: 3292: 3287: 3282: 3277: 3272: 3266: 3264: 3260: 3259: 3257: 3256: 3251: 3246: 3240: 3238: 3234: 3233: 3231: 3230: 3225: 3220: 3214: 3212: 3208: 3207: 3205: 3204: 3199: 3194: 3188: 3186: 3182: 3181: 3179: 3178: 3173: 3168: 3163: 3161:Aspen parkland 3158: 3153: 3151:Neighbourhoods 3148: 3143: 3137: 3135: 3131: 3130: 3128: 3127: 3122: 3117: 3112: 3107: 3102: 3097: 3091: 3089: 3085: 3084: 3082: 3081: 3076: 3071: 3066: 3061: 3055: 3053: 3049: 3048: 3041: 3040: 3033: 3026: 3018: 3012: 3011: 3004: 3003:External links 3001: 3000: 2999: 2993: 2976: 2970: 2955: 2952: 2950: 2949: 2926: 2904: 2892:www.alberta.ca 2879: 2856: 2841:Brooks, Anna. 2833: 2807: 2785: 2763: 2741: 2715: 2689: 2658: 2627: 2622:Water for Life 2612: 2583: 2552: 2530: 2499: 2473: 2442: 2411: 2380: 2354: 2323: 2313:. March 2020. 2295: 2273: 2258: 2243: 2217: 2210: 2190: 2183: 2163: 2141: 2119: 2104: 2083: 2068: 2049: 2042: 1947: 1900: 1870: 1868: 1865: 1864: 1863: 1856: 1853: 1852: 1851: 1837: 1830: 1828: 1822: 1815: 1813: 1807: 1800: 1798: 1792: 1785: 1783: 1777: 1770: 1768: 1761: 1754: 1752: 1747: 1740: 1736: 1733: 1732: 1731: 1722: 1719: 1688: 1687: 1683: 1682: 1679: 1678:Crowfoot River 1676: 1673: 1671:Highwood River 1668: 1665: 1662: 1661: 1660: 1652: 1647: 1644: 1643: 1642: 1634: 1631: 1628: 1625: 1622: 1619: 1614: 1611: 1608: 1605: 1600: 1597: 1594: 1591: 1588: 1587: 1586: 1578: 1575: 1572: 1569: 1565: 1564: 1557: 1556: 1555: 1552: 1547: 1542: 1539: 1538:Sundance Creek 1536: 1535: 1534: 1526: 1523: 1520: 1519: 1518: 1510: 1508:Johnston Creek 1505: 1502: 1499: 1496: 1495: 1494: 1486: 1483: 1480: 1479:Paradise Creek 1477: 1476: 1475: 1467: 1464: 1461: 1460:Mosquito Creek 1457: 1456: 1444: 1442: 1439: 1422: 1419: 1379: 1376: 1344: 1341: 1266: 1263: 1214: 1211: 1198: 1195: 1182: 1179: 1162: 1159: 1153: 1152: 1149: 1146: 1143: 1140: 1137: 1134: 1130: 1129: 1126: 1124: 1121: 1118: 1115: 1112: 1108: 1107: 1104: 1102: 1099: 1096: 1093: 1090: 1086: 1085: 1082: 1079: 1076: 1073: 1070: 1067: 1063: 1062: 1059: 1057: 1054: 1051: 1048: 1045: 1041: 1040: 1037: 1034: 1031: 1028: 1025: 1022: 1018: 1017: 1014: 1012: 1009: 1006: 1003: 1000: 996: 995: 992: 989: 986: 983: 980: 977: 973: 972: 969: 966: 961: 958: 955: 952: 948: 947: 944: 941: 938: 935: 925: 922: 897: 894: 858: 855: 843:William Pearce 834: 831: 829: 826: 805: 802: 798:biocentrically 727: 724: 708:World War II's 633: 630: 607:) established 575:peoples. The 549:David Thompson 540: 537: 535: 532: 450:Wapta Icefield 422: 419: 342:is a river in 334: 333: 330: 329: 326: 320: 319: 316: 310: 309: 306: 300: 299: 296: 292: 291: 288: 287: 284: 280: 279: 276: 272: 271: 268: 265: 262: 261: 229: 226: 223: 222: 219: 213: 212: 209: 208: 205: 199: 198: 166: 160: 159: 156: 152: 151: 148: 147: 143: 142: 139: 135: 134: 131: 127: 126: 122: 121: 111: 102: 101: 95: 94: 93: 92: 83: 74: 73: 67: 66: 65: 64: 63: 60: 59: 56: 48: 47: 41: 33: 32: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3973: 3962: 3959: 3957: 3954: 3952: 3949: 3947: 3944: 3942: 3939: 3938: 3936: 3923: 3913: 3901: 3894: 3891: 3889: 3886: 3884: 3881: 3880: 3878: 3874: 3868: 3865: 3863: 3860: 3858: 3855: 3853: 3850: 3848: 3845: 3843: 3840: 3838: 3835: 3833: 3830: 3828: 3825: 3823: 3820: 3819: 3817: 3815: 3811: 3805: 3802: 3800: 3797: 3795: 3792: 3790: 3787: 3785: 3782: 3780: 3777: 3775: 3772: 3770: 3767: 3765: 3762: 3760: 3757: 3755: 3752: 3750: 3747: 3746: 3744: 3742: 3738: 3732: 3729: 3727: 3724: 3722: 3719: 3717: 3714: 3712: 3709: 3707: 3704: 3702: 3699: 3697: 3694: 3692: 3689: 3687: 3684: 3682: 3679: 3677: 3674: 3672: 3669: 3667: 3664: 3662: 3659: 3657: 3654: 3652: 3649: 3647: 3644: 3642: 3639: 3637: 3634: 3632: 3629: 3627: 3624: 3623: 3621: 3619: 3615: 3609: 3606: 3604: 3601: 3599: 3596: 3594: 3591: 3589: 3586: 3584: 3581: 3579: 3576: 3574: 3571: 3569: 3566: 3565: 3563: 3561: 3557: 3549: 3539: 3536: 3534: 3531: 3529: 3526: 3524: 3521: 3519: 3516: 3514: 3511: 3509: 3506: 3504: 3501: 3499: 3496: 3494: 3491: 3489: 3486: 3484: 3481: 3479: 3476: 3474: 3471: 3469: 3466: 3464: 3461: 3459: 3456: 3454: 3451: 3449: 3446: 3444: 3441: 3440: 3438: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3417: 3412: 3410: 3405: 3403: 3398: 3397: 3394: 3382: 3381: 3372: 3371: 3368: 3362: 3359: 3355: 3352: 3351: 3350: 3347: 3345: 3342: 3341: 3339: 3337: 3333: 3327: 3324: 3322: 3319: 3317: 3314: 3312: 3309: 3308: 3306: 3302: 3296: 3293: 3291: 3288: 3286: 3283: 3281: 3278: 3276: 3273: 3271: 3268: 3267: 3265: 3261: 3255: 3252: 3250: 3247: 3245: 3242: 3241: 3239: 3235: 3229: 3226: 3224: 3221: 3219: 3216: 3215: 3213: 3209: 3203: 3200: 3198: 3195: 3193: 3190: 3189: 3187: 3183: 3177: 3174: 3172: 3169: 3167: 3164: 3162: 3159: 3157: 3154: 3152: 3149: 3147: 3144: 3142: 3139: 3138: 3136: 3132: 3126: 3123: 3121: 3118: 3116: 3113: 3111: 3108: 3106: 3103: 3101: 3098: 3096: 3093: 3092: 3090: 3086: 3080: 3079:Sister cities 3077: 3075: 3072: 3070: 3067: 3065: 3062: 3060: 3057: 3056: 3054: 3050: 3046: 3039: 3034: 3032: 3027: 3025: 3020: 3019: 3016: 3010: 3007: 3006: 2996: 2990: 2985: 2984: 2977: 2973: 2967: 2963: 2958: 2957: 2937: 2930: 2914: 2908: 2893: 2889: 2883: 2867: 2864:Bell, David. 2860: 2844: 2837: 2822: 2818: 2811: 2795: 2789: 2773: 2767: 2751: 2745: 2729: 2725: 2724:"Bassano Dam" 2719: 2703: 2699: 2693: 2677: 2673: 2669: 2662: 2646: 2642: 2638: 2631: 2623: 2616: 2600: 2596: 2590: 2588: 2571: 2567: 2563: 2556: 2540: 2534: 2518: 2514: 2510: 2503: 2487: 2483: 2477: 2461: 2457: 2453: 2446: 2430: 2426: 2422: 2421:"Lake Newell" 2415: 2399: 2395: 2391: 2384: 2368: 2364: 2358: 2342: 2338: 2337:About the EID 2334: 2327: 2316: 2312: 2305: 2299: 2291: 2287: 2283: 2277: 2269: 2262: 2254: 2247: 2231: 2227: 2221: 2213: 2211:0-8229-5702-7 2207: 2203: 2202: 2194: 2186: 2180: 2176: 2175: 2167: 2151: 2145: 2129: 2123: 2115: 2108: 2100: 2092: 2090: 2088: 2079: 2072: 2065: 2061: 2058: 2053: 2045: 2039: 2035: 2034: 2026: 2024: 2022: 2020: 2018: 2016: 2014: 2012: 2010: 2008: 2006: 2004: 2002: 2000: 1998: 1996: 1994: 1992: 1990: 1988: 1986: 1984: 1982: 1980: 1978: 1976: 1974: 1972: 1970: 1968: 1966: 1964: 1962: 1960: 1958: 1956: 1954: 1952: 1942: 1937: 1933: 1929: 1922: 1915: 1913: 1911: 1909: 1907: 1905: 1888: 1884: 1878: 1876: 1871: 1862: 1859: 1858: 1849:in background 1848: 1844: 1840: 1834: 1829: 1826:in Bow Valley 1825: 1819: 1814: 1810: 1804: 1799: 1795: 1789: 1784: 1780: 1774: 1769: 1765: 1758: 1753: 1750: 1744: 1739: 1738: 1729: 1725: 1724: 1718: 1716: 1712: 1708: 1704: 1700: 1696: 1686: 1680: 1677: 1674: 1672: 1669: 1666: 1663: 1656: 1655: 1653: 1651: 1648: 1646:Bighill Creek 1645: 1638: 1637: 1635: 1632: 1629: 1626: 1624:Beaupre Creek 1623: 1621:Spencer Creek 1620: 1618: 1615: 1612: 1610:Chiniki Creek 1609: 1606: 1604: 1601: 1598: 1595: 1592: 1589: 1582: 1581: 1579: 1577:Stewart Creek 1576: 1573: 1570: 1567: 1566: 1563: 1560: 1559: 1558: 1553: 1551: 1550:Cascade River 1548: 1546: 1543: 1540: 1537: 1530: 1529: 1527: 1524: 1521: 1516:Pharaoh Creek 1514: 1513: 1511: 1509: 1506: 1504:Altrude Creek 1503: 1500: 1497: 1490: 1489: 1487: 1485:Moraine Creek 1484: 1481: 1478: 1471: 1470: 1468: 1465: 1463:Noseeum Creek 1462: 1459: 1458: 1455: 1454: 1450: 1449: 1448: 1447: 1438: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1418: 1415: 1413: 1408: 1405: 1400: 1398: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1375: 1372: 1370: 1365: 1360: 1352: 1348: 1340: 1338: 1337:skateboarding 1334: 1333:rollerblading 1331:, as well as 1330: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1313: 1311: 1307: 1303: 1299: 1294: 1292: 1291:rainbow trout 1288: 1284: 1276: 1271: 1262: 1259: 1255: 1250: 1247: 1243: 1239: 1235: 1229: 1221: 1210: 1206: 1204: 1194: 1190: 1188: 1178: 1176: 1170: 1168: 1158: 1150: 1147: 1144: 1141: 1138: 1135: 1132: 1131: 1127: 1125: 1122: 1119: 1116: 1113: 1110: 1109: 1105: 1103: 1100: 1097: 1094: 1091: 1089:Calgary Weir 1088: 1087: 1083: 1080: 1077: 1074: 1071: 1068: 1066:Bearspaw Dam 1065: 1064: 1060: 1058: 1055: 1052: 1049: 1046: 1043: 1042: 1038: 1035: 1032: 1029: 1026: 1023: 1020: 1019: 1015: 1013: 1010: 1007: 1004: 1001: 998: 997: 993: 990: 987: 984: 981: 978: 975: 974: 970: 967: 965: 962: 959: 956: 953: 950: 949: 934: 932: 919: 913: 911: 907: 903: 893: 889: 886: 881: 878: 871: 867: 863: 854: 850: 848: 844: 840: 825: 823: 819: 815: 811: 801: 799: 793: 790: 786: 778: 777:Edworthy Park 773: 769: 765: 761: 759: 753: 750: 746: 737: 732: 723: 721: 715: 713: 712:Cascade River 709: 706: 702: 698: 693: 685: 681: 673: 669: 667: 663: 657: 655: 651: 650:R. B. Bennett 648:, later with 647: 638: 629: 626: 622: 616: 615:and the Bow. 614: 610: 606: 602: 598: 597:Fort Whoop-Up 592: 590: 586: 580: 578: 574: 570: 566: 562: 558: 554: 550: 546: 539:First Nations 531: 528: 526: 522: 517: 515: 511: 510:Lake Winnipeg 507: 503: 499: 495: 491: 487: 483: 479: 475: 471: 467: 463: 459: 455: 451: 447: 440: 435: 427: 418: 416: 415:hydroelectric 412: 407: 404: 399: 395: 391: 387: 386:First Nations 383: 381: 377: 373: 369: 365: 361: 357: 353: 349: 345: 341: 331: 327: 321: 317: 311: 307: 301: 297: 293: 289: 285: 281: 277: 273: 269: 263: 258: 230: 224: 220: 218: 214: 210: 206: 200: 195: 167: 161: 157: 153: 149: 144: 140: 136: 132: 128: 123: 99: 71: 61: 54: 49: 45: 39: 34: 29: 26: 22: 3852:Saskatchewan 3691:Lesser Slave 3457: 3373: 3218:City Council 3170: 3064:Demographics 3059:Coat of arms 2982: 2961: 2942:November 21, 2940:. Retrieved 2929: 2919:November 21, 2917:. Retrieved 2907: 2895:. Retrieved 2891: 2882: 2872:November 21, 2870:. Retrieved 2859: 2849:November 21, 2847:. Retrieved 2836: 2826:November 21, 2824:. Retrieved 2820: 2810: 2798:. Retrieved 2788: 2776:. Retrieved 2766: 2754:. Retrieved 2744: 2732:. Retrieved 2728:the original 2718: 2706:. Retrieved 2702:the original 2692: 2680:. Retrieved 2676:the original 2671: 2661: 2649:. Retrieved 2645:the original 2640: 2630: 2621: 2615: 2603:. Retrieved 2599:the original 2574:. Retrieved 2570:the original 2565: 2555: 2543:. Retrieved 2533: 2521:. Retrieved 2517:the original 2512: 2502: 2490:. Retrieved 2486:the original 2476: 2464:. Retrieved 2460:the original 2455: 2445: 2433:. Retrieved 2429:the original 2424: 2414: 2402:. Retrieved 2398:the original 2393: 2383: 2371:. Retrieved 2367:the original 2357: 2345:. Retrieved 2341:the original 2336: 2326: 2311:Open Alberta 2310: 2298: 2285: 2276: 2270:. p. 3. 2267: 2261: 2252: 2246: 2234:. Retrieved 2230:the original 2220: 2200: 2193: 2173: 2166: 2154:. Retrieved 2150:"Kananaskis" 2144: 2132:. Retrieved 2122: 2113: 2107: 2098: 2077: 2071: 2052: 2032: 1934:(1): 28–45. 1931: 1927: 1891:. Retrieved 1887:the original 1794:Lac des Arcs 1727: 1711:Lac des Arcs 1709:, Gap Lake, 1693:Many lakes, 1692: 1684: 1664:W.I.D. Canal 1607:Joshua Creek 1593:Exshaw Creek 1590:Grotto Creek 1584:Pigeon Creek 1571:Cougar Creek 1561: 1554:Carrot Creek 1528:Healy Creek 1525:Ranger Creek 1498:Taylor Creek 1488:Baker Creek 1482:Corral Creek 1466:Missing Lake 1451: 1433:, a type of 1424: 1416: 1409: 1401: 1381: 1373: 1361: 1357: 1346: 1314: 1295: 1279: 1251: 1230: 1227: 1207: 1200: 1191: 1184: 1171: 1164: 1156: 1133:Bassano Dam 1044:Glenbow Dam 994:Electricity 971:Electricity 928: 899: 890: 882: 874: 851: 846: 836: 807: 794: 782: 766: 762: 754: 741: 716: 694: 690: 678: 658: 643: 617: 609:Fort Calgary 593: 581: 542: 529: 518: 514:Nelson River 504:through the 490:Oldman River 468:and through 443: 408: 393: 390:buffalo hunt 384: 376:Fort Calgary 360:Nelson River 352:Oldman River 339: 337: 25: 3764:Chestermere 3578:Bridal Veil 3423:Hydrography 3202:Skyscrapers 3166:Elbow River 2821:Global News 2672:Information 2641:Information 2268:Calgary Sun 2128:"Horseshoe" 1749:Bow Glacier 1703:Hector Lake 1654:Nose Creek 1650:Elbow River 1633:Horse Creek 1617:Ghost River 1613:Jacob Creek 1596:Heart Creek 1580:Wind Creek 1545:Spray River 1441:Tributaries 1364:Chestermere 1287:brown trout 1151:Irrigation 1128:Irrigation 1106:Irrigation 1036:Ghost Lake 999:Morley Dam 804:2013 floods 785:Ralph Klein 720:brown trout 697:Spray River 664:in 1912 at 613:Elbow River 603:(later the 589:Elbow River 494:Grassy Lake 462:Lake Louise 446:Bow Glacier 392:. The name 372:Elbow River 252: / 240:111°41′12″W 189: / 177:116°25′12″W 3935:Categories 3895:(wetlands) 3784:Minnewanka 3769:Kananaskis 3741:Reservoirs 3636:Beaverhill 3560:Waterfalls 3493:Little Bow 3468:Clearwater 2915:. CBC News 2897:August 10, 2668:"Wildlife" 2394:Recreation 1867:References 1824:Ghost Lake 1715:Ghost Lake 1667:Pine Creek 1599:Jura Creek 1310:watercraft 1265:Recreation 1078:TransAlta 1033:TransAlta 1021:Ghost Dam 988:TransAlta 866:Bow Valley 779:in Calgary 563:, and the 561:Tsuu Tʼina 502:Hudson Bay 474:Ghost Lake 411:irrigation 364:Hudson Bay 283:Basin size 237:49°55′42″N 174:51°39′03″N 3941:Bow River 3822:Athabasca 3804:Gleniffer 3716:Ste. Anne 3656:Crowsnest 3631:Athabasca 3598:Lundbreck 3568:Athabasca 3473:Crowsnest 3443:Athabasca 3263:Education 3249:Hospitals 3223:Elections 3171:Bow River 3134:Geography 3115:1886 Fire 2800:March 14, 2778:March 14, 2756:March 14, 2734:March 14, 2708:March 14, 2576:March 27, 2523:March 27, 2466:March 27, 2435:March 27, 2404:March 27, 2347:March 27, 2286:TransAlta 2236:March 28, 2156:March 28, 2134:March 26, 1429:known as 1354:Ghost Dam 1246:pipelines 964:TransAlta 927:Capacity 652:, formed 547:explorer 525:Bow Falls 521:Arrowwood 340:Bow River 295:Discharge 31:Bow River 3837:Crowfoot 3814:Glaciers 3789:Glenmore 3779:McGregor 3696:Miquelon 3681:La Biche 3676:Jackfish 3661:Des Arcs 3608:Sunwapta 3583:Crescent 3523:Red Deer 3380:Category 3211:Politics 3141:Downtown 3125:Timeline 3052:Features 2682:April 7, 2651:April 7, 2513:About Us 2315:Archived 2290:Archived 2288:. 2020. 2060:Archived 1893:April 9, 1855:See also 1847:downtown 1764:Bow Lake 1699:Bow Lake 1397:pelicans 1392:kayaking 1304:and the 1302:Jon boat 1148:Unnamed 991:Unnamed 818:Highwood 775:through 625:Treaty 7 621:treaties 478:Cochrane 454:Bow Lake 158:Bow Lake 138:Province 125:Location 3857:Vulture 3759:Brazeau 3754:Barrier 3749:Abraham 3731:Wabamun 3726:Utikuma 3686:St. Cyr 3671:Hubbles 3641:Bistcho 3603:Panther 3518:Pembina 3463:Brazeau 3427:Alberta 3344:Bridges 3304:Culture 3192:WestJet 3185:Economy 3088:History 2605:June 6, 2545:June 6, 2492:June 6, 2373:June 6, 1843:Calgary 1809:Hoodoos 1735:Gallery 1695:glacial 1421:Ecology 1388:rafting 1369:Bassano 1329:jogging 1321:cycling 1283:anglers 1275:Canmore 924:Height 910:Glenbow 810:Alberta 577:Kutenai 573:Siksika 553:Piikani 534:History 482:Calgary 470:Canmore 456:in the 403:Makhabn 368:Calgary 344:Alberta 141:Alberta 130:Country 3842:Hector 3799:Sikome 3721:Sylvan 3706:Pigeon 3666:Garner 3646:Claire 3508:Oldman 3453:Beaver 3448:Battle 3435:Rivers 3354:CTrain 3254:Police 3110:Mayors 2991: 2968: 2208: 2181: 2040: 1713:, and 1685: 1325:hiking 1300:, the 1242:canals 1236:, and 1234:Oldman 1217:": --> 940:Owner 906:Morley 885:sewage 822:Oldman 569:Kainai 557:Nakoda 523:. The 512:, and 472:. The 421:Course 298: 275:Length 155:Source 133:Canada 3876:Other 3862:Wapta 3847:Peyto 3711:Santé 3626:Amisk 3618:Lakes 3593:Elbow 3588:Crypt 3533:Smoky 3528:Slave 3513:Peace 3483:Ghost 3478:Elbow 3326:Sport 3321:Media 3228:Mayor 2318:(PDF) 2307:(PDF) 1924:(PDF) 1435:algae 1306:canoe 1142:1935 1136:12 m 1120:1968 1098:1944 1075:1954 1069:10 m 1047:37 m 1030:1929 1024:30 m 1002:49 m 985:1911 979:17 m 960:1913 921:Name 870:Banff 828:Banff 814:Elbow 492:near 466:Banff 362:into 217:Mouth 44:Banff 3651:Cold 3498:Milk 3244:Fire 3069:Flag 2989:ISBN 2966:ISBN 2944:2017 2921:2017 2899:2021 2874:2017 2851:2017 2828:2017 2802:2012 2780:2012 2758:2012 2736:2012 2710:2012 2684:2012 2653:2012 2607:2014 2578:2012 2547:2014 2525:2012 2494:2014 2468:2012 2437:2012 2406:2012 2375:2014 2349:2012 2238:2012 2206:ISBN 2179:ISBN 2158:2012 2136:2012 2038:ISBN 1895:2012 1384:weir 1335:and 1315:The 1289:and 1256:and 1219:edit 1114:3 m 1092:6 m 954:8 m 820:and 605:RCMP 394:Bow 338:The 3827:Bow 3573:Bow 3488:Hay 3458:Bow 3425:of 1936:doi 1425:An 1244:to 1072:17 1050:28 1027:56 1005:44 982:16 957:21 496:in 3937:: 2890:. 2819:. 2670:. 2639:. 2586:^ 2564:. 2511:. 2454:. 2423:. 2392:. 2335:. 2309:. 2284:. 2086:^ 1950:^ 1932:34 1930:. 1926:. 1903:^ 1874:^ 1845:, 1705:, 1701:, 1327:, 1323:, 1139:0 1117:0 1095:0 933:) 931:MW 912:. 816:, 559:, 516:. 508:, 3415:e 3408:t 3401:v 3037:e 3030:t 3023:v 2997:. 2974:. 2946:. 2923:. 2901:. 2876:. 2853:. 2830:. 2804:. 2782:. 2760:. 2738:. 2712:. 2686:. 2655:. 2609:. 2580:. 2549:. 2527:. 2496:. 2470:. 2439:. 2408:. 2377:. 2351:. 2240:. 2214:. 2187:. 2160:. 2138:. 2046:. 1944:. 1938:: 1897:. 1766:. 1223:] 929:( 738:. 23:.

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index