Boeing B-52 Stratofortress

2539: 1536: 3840: 3110:"Backfire" bombers and 250-mile (220 nmi; 400 km)-range missiles carried by Soviet surface ships. New US Navy's maritime strategy in the early 1980s called for the aggressive use of carriers and surface action groups against the Soviet navy. To help protect the carrier battle groups, some B-52G were modified to fire Harpoon anti-ship missiles. These bombers were based in Guam and Maine in the later 1970s to support both the Atlantic and Pacific fleets. In case of war, B-52s would coordinate with tanker support and surveillance by AWACS and Navy planes. B-52Gs could strike Soviet navy targets on the flanks of the US carrier battle groups, leaving them free to concentrate on offensive strikes against Soviet surface combatants. Mines laid down by B-52s could establish minefields in significant enemy chokepoints (mainly the 579:

LeMay, now in charge of Strategic Air Command, insisted that performance should not be compromised due to delays in engine development. In a final attempt to increase range, Boeing created the larger 464-67, stating that once in production, the range could be further increased in subsequent modifications. Following several direct interventions by LeMay, Boeing was awarded a production contract for thirteen B-52As and seventeen detachable reconnaissance pods on 14 February 1951. The last major design change—also at General LeMay's insistence—was a switch from the B-47 style tandem seating to a more conventional side-by-side cockpit, which increased the effectiveness of the copilot and reduced crew fatigue. Both XB-52 prototypes featured the original tandem seating arrangement with a framed bubble-type canopy (see above images).

53: 3219: 3920: 3928: 2410: 4508: 4496: 2680: 592: 355: 341: 434:; as a result, the entire project was postponed for six months. During this time, Boeing continued to perfect the design, which resulted in the Model 464-29 with a top speed of 455 miles per hour (395 kn; 732 km/h) and a 5,000-mile (8,000 km) range. In September 1947, the Heavy Bombardment Committee was convened to ascertain performance requirements for a nuclear bomber. Formalized on 8 December 1947, these requirements called for a top speed of 500 miles per hour (430 kn; 800 km/h) and an 8,000-mile (7,000 nmi; 13,000 km) range, far beyond the capabilities of the 464-29. 2810: 1323: 4231: 9851: 2328: 2583: 1441: 1548: 1564: 2383:

established a world speed record of 597.675 miles per hour (519.365 kn; 961.865 km/h) over a 5,000 kilometers (3,100 miles; 2,700 nautical miles) closed circuit without a payload. On 14 December 1960, a B-52G set a world distance record by flying unrefueled for 10,078.84 miles (8,758.27 nmi; 16,220.32 km); the flight lasted 19 hours 44 minutes (510.75 mph or 821.97 km/h). From 10 to 11 January 1962, a B-52H (60-40) set a world distance record by flying unrefueled, surpassing the prior B-52 record set two years earlier, from

567:(allowing the aircraft to "crab" or roll with a sideways slip angle down the runway). After a trip to a hobby shop for supplies, Schairer set to work building a model. The rest of the team focused on weight and performance data. Wells, who was also a skilled artist, completed the aircraft drawings. On Sunday, a stenographer was hired to type a clean copy of the proposal. On Monday, Schairer presented Colonel Warden with a neatly bound 33-page proposal and a 14-inch (36 cm) scale model. The aircraft was projected to exceed all design specifications. 1219: 1711: 3204: 2598:. While the external payload remained at 24 of 500 pounds (230 kg) or 750 pounds (340 kg) bombs, the internal capacity increased from 27 to 84 for 500 lb (230 kg) bombs, or from 27 to 42 for 750 lb (340 kg) bombs. The modification created enough capacity for a total of 60,000 pounds (27,000 kg) using 108 bombs. Thus modified, B-52Ds could carry 22,000 pounds (10,000 kg) more than B-52Fs. Designed to replace B-52Fs, modified B-52Ds entered combat in April 1966 flying from 3570: 3048: 4529: 3166: 426:; in total, the aircraft could weigh up to 480,000 pounds (220,000 kg). Boeing responded with two models powered by T35 turboprops. The Model 464-16 was a "nuclear only" bomber with a 10,000-pound (4,500 kg) payload, while the Model 464-17 was a general purpose bomber with a 9,000-pound (4,100 kg) payload. Due to the cost associated with purchasing two specialized aircraft, the USAAF selected Model 464-17 with the understanding that it could be adapted for nuclear strikes. 532:

use the turboprop-powered Model 464-35 as the basis for the XB-52. Although he agreed that turbojet propulsion was the future, General Howard A. Craig, Deputy Chief of Staff for Materiel, was not very enthusiastic about a jet-powered B-52 since he felt that the jet engine had not yet progressed sufficiently to permit skipping an intermediate turboprop stage. However, Boeing was encouraged to continue turbojet studies even without any expected commitment to jet propulsion.

3595: 3680: 3158: 2885: 1319:(1958) programs. The latter fitted safety straps that prevented catastrophic loss of fuel in case of clamp failure. The B-52's service ceiling is officially listed as 50,000 feet (15,000 m), but operational experience shows this is difficult to reach when fully laden with bombs. According to one source: "The optimal altitude for a combat mission was around 43,000 feet (13,000 m), because to exceed that height would rapidly degrade the plane's range." 4373: 4159:, South Dakota, due to total loss of power during final approach. Two of the eight crewmembers on board were killed in addition to three ground personnel. The crash was determined to be from frozen fuel lines that clogged fuel filters. It was previously unknown that jet fuel absorbs water vapor from the atmosphere. After this accident, over two hundred previous aircraft losses listed as "cause unknown" were attributed to frozen fuel lines. 2520:, had either been aborted or proved disappointing in light of changing requirements, which left the older B-52 as the main bomber as opposed to the planned successive aircraft models. On 19 February 1965, General Curtis E. LeMay testified to Congress that the lack of a follow-up bomber project to the B-52 raised the danger that, "The B-52 is going to fall apart on us before we can get a replacement for it." Other aircraft, such as the 571: 506: 4931: 3783: 482: 2671:, and other targets in North Vietnam. Originally 42 B-52s were committed to the war; however, numbers were frequently twice this figure. During Operation Linebacker II, fifteen B-52s were shot down, five were heavily damaged (one crashed in Laos), and five suffered medium damage. A total of 25 crewmen were killed in these losses. During the war, 31 B-52s were lost, including ten shot down over North Vietnam. 11887: 422:, expressed the desire for a cruising speed of 400 miles per hour (350 kn; 640 km/h), to which Boeing responded with a 300,000-pound (140,000 kg) aircraft. In December 1946, Boeing was asked to change their design to a four-engine bomber with a top speed of 400 miles per hour (350 kn; 640 km/h), range of 12,000 miles (10,000 nmi; 19,000 km), and the ability to carry a 4360:. Eight of twelve total crew members in two planes were killed. The rescue of four crew members who had managed to eject only to parachute into one of the largest typhoons of the 20th century remains one of the most remarkable survival stories in the history of aviation. The crash was the first combat mission ever for the B-52. The two jets were part of a 30-plane deployment on an inaugural 3767: 9578: 4521: 3821:

faced forward, while the defensive crew (tail gunner and ECM operator) on the upper deck faced aft. The B-52G entered service on 13 February 1959 (a day earlier, the last B-36 was retired, making SAC an all-jet bomber force). 193 B-52Gs were produced, making this the most produced B-52 variant. Most B-52Gs were destroyed in compliance with the 1992

2319:– the pilots' cockpit was heated by sunlight while the observer and the navigator on the bottom deck sat on the ice-cold floor. Thus, a comfortable temperature setting for the pilots caused the other crew members to freeze, while a comfortable temperature for the bottom crew caused the pilots to overheat. The J57 engines proved unreliable. 3134:

strike performance, an AN/ASQ-236 Dragon's Eye underwing pod, has also been certified for use by B-52H bombers. Dragon's Eye contains an advanced electronically scanned array radar that will allow B-52s to quickly scan vast Pacific Ocean areas, so finding and sinking enemy ships will be easier for them. This radar will complement the

8052: 7934: 1584:, the AGM-86B was selected for operation by the B-52 (and ultimately by the B-1 Lancer). A total of 194 B-52Gs and Hs were modified to carry AGM-86s, carrying 12 missiles on underwing pylons, with 82 B-52Hs further modified to carry another eight missiles on a rotary launcher fitted in the bomb bay. To conform with 2575:, the mission having lasted 13 hours. Post-strike assessment by teams of South Vietnamese troops with American advisors found evidence that the Viet Cong had departed from the area before the raid, and it was suspected that infiltration of the south's forces may have tipped off the north because of the 2538: 4413:, but without triggering a nuclear explosion. After the crash, 1,400 metric tons (3,100,000 lb) of contaminated soil was sent to the United States. In 2006, an agreement was made between the United States and Spain to investigate and clean the pollution still remaining as a result of the accident. 3226:

In May 2019, a second aircraft was resurrected from long-term storage in Davis-Monthan. The B-52, nicknamed "Wise Guy", had been at AMARG since 2008. It flew to Barksdale Air Force Base on 13 May 2019. It was completed in four months by a team of 13–20 maintainers from the 307th Maintenance Squadron.

2626:

The B-52s were restricted to bombing suspected Communist bases in relatively uninhabited sections because their potency approached that of a tactical nuclear weapon. A formation of six B-52s, dropping their bombs from 30,000 ft (9,100 m), could "take out"... almost everything within a "box"

1745:

B-52B, C, D and E models were equipped with Pratt & Whitney J57-P-29W, J57-P-29WA, or J57-P-19W series engines all rated at 10,500 lbf (47 kN). The B-52F and G models were powered by Pratt & Whitney J57-P-43WB turbojets, each rated at 13,750 pounds-force (61.2 kN) static thrust

1086:

Only three of the 13 B-52As ordered were built. All were returned to Boeing and used in their test program. On 9 June 1952, the February 1951 contract was updated to order the aircraft under new specifications. The final 10, the first aircraft to enter active service, were completed as B-52Bs. At the

3133:

family of naval mines using JDAM-ER guided wing kits. This weapon provides the ability to lay down minefields over wide areas, in a single pass, with extreme accuracy, all while standing-off over 40 miles (35 nmi; 64 km) away. Besides this, with a view to enhancing B-52 maritime patrol and

2837:

After Vietnam, the experience of operations in a hostile air defense environment was considered. Due to this, B-52s were modernized with new weapons, equipment, and both offensive and defensive avionics. This, and the use of low-level tactics, marked a major shift in the B-52's utility. The upgrades

2468:

at high altitudes near the borders of the Soviet Union to provide rapid first strike or retaliation capability in case of nuclear war. These airborne patrols formed one component of the US's nuclear deterrent, which would act to prevent the breakout of a large-scale war between the US and the Soviet

1252:

The B-52 shared many technological similarities with the preceding B-47 Stratojet strategic bomber. The two aircraft used the same basic design, such as swept wings and podded jet engines, and the cabin included the crew ejection systems. On the B-52D, the pilots and electronic countermeasures (ECM)

578:

Although the full-size mock-up inspection in April 1949 was generally favorable, range again became a concern since the J40s and early model J57s had excessive fuel consumption. Despite talk of another revision of specifications or even a full design competition among aircraft manufacturers, General

547:

in Dayton, Ohio, redesigning Boeing's proposal as a four-engine turbojet bomber. On Friday, Colonel Warden looked over the information and asked for a better design. Returning to the hotel, the Boeing team was joined by Bob Withington and Maynard Pennell, two top Boeing engineers who were in town on

531:

for the turboprops. The USAF project officer who reviewed the Model 464-40 was favorably impressed, especially since he had already been thinking along similar lines. Nevertheless, the government was concerned about the high fuel consumption rate of the jet engines of the day, and directed Boeing to

7251:

The new engines are more fuel efficient and would increase the jet's total engine thrust to 172,400 pounds, nearly a two- thirds improvement over TF33 engines, advocates said. Air Force officials are unconvinced that savings in fuel costs or tanker sorties would justify the new engines. In its 1996

3657:

The B-52C's fuel capacity (and range) was increased to 41,700 US gallons (158,000 L) by adding larger 3,000-US-gallon (11,000 L) underwing fuel tanks. The gross weight was increased by 30,000 pounds (14,000 kg) to 450,000 pounds (200,000 kg). A new fire control system, the MD-9,

2314:

Early operations were problematic; in addition to supply problems, there were also technical issues. Ramps and taxiways deteriorated under the aircraft's weight, the fuel system was prone to leaks and icing, and bombing and fire control computers were unreliable. The split-level cockpit presented a

2302:

Although the B-52A was the first production variant, these aircraft were used only in testing. The first operational version was the B-52B which had been developed in parallel with the prototypes since 1951. First flying in December 1954, B-52B, AF Serial Number 52-8711, entered operational service

1678:

While the B-1 Lancer has a larger theoretical maximum payload of 75,000 pounds (34,000 kg) compared to the B-52's 70,000 pounds (32,000 kg), the bombers are rarely able to carry their full loads. The most the B-52 carries is a full load of AGM-86Bs totaling 62,660 pounds (28,420 kg).

1452:

program, completed in 1964, which improved components of the AN/ASQ-38 bombing navigational computer and the terrain computer. The MADREC (Malfunction Detection and Recording) upgrade fitted to most aircraft by 1965 could detect failures in avionics and weapons computer systems and was essential in

1115:

facility. More than 5,000 companies were involved in the huge production effort, with 41% of the airframe being built by subcontractors. The prototypes and all B-52A, B and C models (90 aircraft) were built at Seattle. Testing of aircraft built in Seattle caused problems due to jet noise, which led

3820:

was enlarged. The tail gunner was relocated to the forward fuselage, aiming via a radar scope, and was now provided with an ejection seat. Dubbed the "Battle Station" concept, the offensive crew (pilot and copilot on the upper deck and the two bombing navigation system operators on the lower deck)

3815:

now provided all roll control (roll control had always been primarily with spoilers due to the danger of wing twist under aileron deflection, but older models had small "feeler" ailerons fitted to provide feedback to the controls). The tail fin was shortened by 8 feet (2.4 m), water injection

3703:

systems, which was better than the systems used on most later B-52s. Because of these upgrades and its long range capabilities, the D model was used more extensively in Vietnam than any other model. Aircraft assigned to Vietnam were painted in a camouflage color scheme with black bellies to defeat

3245:

The USAF continues to rely on the B-52 because it remains an effective and economical heavy bomber in the absence of sophisticated air defenses, particularly in the type of missions that have been conducted since the end of the Cold War against nations with limited defensive capabilities. The B-52

1772:

engines. This would have involved replacing the eight Pratt & Whitney TF33 engines (total thrust 136,000 lbf (600 kN)) with four RB211-535E4 engines (total thrust 172,400 lbf (767 kN)), which would increase range and reduce fuel consumption. However, a USAF analysis in 1997

1195:

or JDAM) a B-52 can carry and reduces the need for guided bombs to be carried on the wings. The first phase will allow a B-52 to carry twenty-four GBU-38 500-pound guided bombs or twenty GBU-31 2,000-pound bombs, with later phases accommodating the JASSM and MALD family of missiles. In addition to

1123:

As production of the B-47 came to an end, the Wichita factory was phased in for B-52D production, with Seattle responsible for 101 D-models and Wichita 69. Both plants continued to build the B-52E, with 42 built at Seattle and 58 at Wichita, and the B-52F (44 from Seattle and 45 from Wichita). For

3616:

at Castle Air Force Base, California. This version included minor changes to engines and avionics, enabling an extra 12,000 pounds-force (53,000 N) of thrust using water injection. Temporary grounding of the aircraft after a crash in February 1956 and again the following July caused training

3551:

Only three of the first production version, the B-52A, were built, all loaned to Boeing for flight testing. The first production B-52A differed from prototypes in having a redesigned forward fuselage. The bubble canopy and tandem seating was replaced by a side-by-side arrangement and a 21 in

2842:

Supersonic short-range nuclear missiles: G and H models were modified to carry up to 20 SRAM missiles replacing existing gravity bombs. Eight SRAMs were carried internally on a special rotary launcher and 12 SRAMs were mounted on two wing pylons. With SRAM, the B-52s could strike heavily defended

2323:

failure caused the first fatal B-52 crash in February 1956; as a result, the fleet was briefly grounded. In July, fuel and hydraulic issues grounded the B-52s again. In response to maintenance issues, the USAF set up "Sky Speed" teams of 50 contractors at each B-52 base to perform maintenance and

414:

of the new XB-52 and do preliminary engineering and testing. However, by October 1946, the USAAF began to express concern about the sheer size of the new aircraft and its inability to meet the specified design requirements. In response, Boeing produced the Model 464, a smaller four-engine version

3585:

to fit the X-15 tail. Liquid oxygen and hydrogen peroxide tanks were installed in the bomb bays to fuel the X-15 before launch. Its first flight with the X-15 was on 19 March 1959, with the first launch on 8 June 1959. The NB-52A, nicknamed "The High and Mighty One" carried the X-15 on 93 of the

3098:

The B-52 can be highly effective for ocean surveillance and can assist the Navy in anti-ship and mine-laying operations. For example, a pair of B-52s, in two hours, can monitor 140,000 square miles (360,000 square kilometers) of the ocean surface. During the 2018 Baltops exercise B-52s conducted

3085:

in 2001 (Afghanistan/Southwest Asia), providing the ability to loiter high above the battlefield and provide Close Air Support (CAS) through the use of precision-guided munitions, a mission which previously would have been restricted to fighter and ground attack aircraft. In late 2001, ten B-52s

3044:. The B-52s struck Baghdad power stations and communications facilities with 13 AGM-86C conventional air-launched cruise missiles (CALCM) during a 34-hour, 16,000 mi (26,000 km) round trip mission from Andersen Air Force Base, Guam, the longest distance ever flown for a combat mission. 2773:

The two B-52 tail gunner kills were not confirmed by VPAF, and they admitted to the loss of only three MiGs, all by F-4s. Vietnamese sources have attributed a third air-to-air victory to a B-52, a MiG-21 shot down on 16 April 1972. These victories make the B-52 the largest aircraft credited with

1148:

Warrior beyond-line-of-sight software programmable radio able to transmit voice, data, and information in-flight between B-52s and ground command and control centers, allowing the transmission and reception of data with updated intelligence, mapping, and targeting information; previous in-flight

3277:

The Long Range Strike Bomber program is intended to yield a stealthy successor for the B-52 and B-1 that would begin service in the 2020s; it is intended to produce 80 to 100 aircraft. Two competitors, Northrop Grumman and a joint team of Boeing and Lockheed Martin, submitted proposals in 2014;

2850:

B-52G and Hs were also modified with an electro-optical viewing system (EVS) that made low-level operations and terrain avoidance much easier and safer. EVS system contained a low light level television (LLTV) camera and a forward-looking infrared (FLIR) camera to display information needed for

2492:

provided an effective method of avoiding radar and thus the threat of the SAMs. The aircraft was planned to fly towards the target at 400–440 mph (640–710 km/h) and deliver their weapons from 400 ft (120 m) or lower. Although never intended for the low-level role, the B-52's

1829:

Unlike the previous re-engine proposal which also involved reducing the number of engines from eight to four, the F130 re-engine program maintains eight engines on the B-52. Although four-engine operation would be more efficient, retrofitting the airframe to operate with only four engines would

1611:

Those B-52Gs not converted as cruise missile carriers underwent a series of modifications to improve conventional bombing. They were fitted with a new Integrated Conventional Stores Management System (ICSMS) and new underwing pylons that could hold larger bombs or other stores than the external

1422:

with a short span that was approximately equal to their chord. These "feeler ailerons" were used to provide feedback forces to the pilot's control yoke and to fine-tune the roll axes during delicate maneuvers such as aerial refueling. Due to twisting of the thin main wing, conventional outboard

1350:

jet fuel, which burned in two of the eight engines. On 15 December 2006, a B-52 took off from Edwards with the synthetic fuel powering all eight engines, the first time a USAF aircraft was entirely powered by the blend. The seven-hour flight was considered a success. This program is part of the

1143:

In July 2013, the USAF began a fleet-wide technological upgrade of its B-52 bombers called Combat Network Communications Technology (CONECT) to modernize electronics, communications technology, computing, and avionics on the flight deck. CONECT upgrades include software and hardware such as new

429:

In June 1947, the military requirements were updated and the Model 464-17 met all of them except for the range. It was becoming obvious to the USAAF that, even with the updated performance, the XB-52 would be obsolete by the time it entered production and would offer little improvement over the

1209:

radar, replacing older mechanically scanned arrays, the streamlining of the nose and deletion of blisters housing the forward-looking infrared/electro-optical viewing system. In October 2022 Boeing released new images of what the upgrade would look like. The upgrades will also include improved

1186:

decoy missiles internally. All 1760 IWBUs should be operational by October 2017. Two bombers will have the ability to carry 40 weapons in place of the 36 that three B-52s can carry. The 1760 IWBU allows precision-guided missiles or bombs to be deployed from inside the weapons bay; the previous

379:

at 300 miles per hour (260 kn; 480 km/h) at 34,000 feet (10,000 m) with a combat radius of 5,000 miles (4,300 nmi; 8,000 km). The armament was to consist of an unspecified number of 20 mm cannons and 10,000 pounds (4,500 kg) of bombs. On 13 February 1946, the

2821:

A few time-expired E models were retired in 1967 and 1968, but the bulk (82) were retired between May 1969 and March 1970. Most F models were also retired between 1967 and 1973, but 23 survived as trainers until late 1978. The fleet of D models served much longer; 80 D models were extensively

2566:

in South Vietnam. The first wave of bombers arrived too early at a designated rendezvous point, and while maneuvering to maintain station, two B-52s collided, which resulted in the loss of both bombers and eight crewmen. The remaining bombers, minus one more that turned back due to mechanical

1798:

and increase aircraft range and endurance; these conclusions were in line with the conclusions of a separate Congress-funded study conducted in 2003. Criticizing the USAF cost analysis, the DSB found that among other things, the USAF failed to account for the cost of aerial refueling; the DSB

1671:

as tasked with delivering strategic nuclear bombs in budget requests. Nuclear gravity bombs were removed from the B-52's capabilities because it is no longer considered survivable enough to penetrate modern air defenses, instead relying on nuclear cruise missiles and focusing on expanding its

3121:

From the 1980s B-52Hs were modified to use Harpoons in addition to a wide range of cruise missiles, laser- and satellite-guided bombs, and unguided munitions. B-52 bomber crews honed sea-skimming flight profiles that would allow them to penetrate stiff enemy defenses and attack Soviet ships.

2854:

Subsonic-cruise unarmed decoy: SCUD resembled the B-52 on the radar. As an active decoy, it carried ECM and other devices, and it had a range of several hundred miles. Although SCUD was never deployed operationally, the concept was developed, becoming known as the air-launched cruise missile

582:

Tex Johnston noted, "The B-52, like the B-47, utilized a flexible wing. I saw the wingtip of the B-52 static test airplane travel 32 feet (9.8 m), from the negative 1-G load position to the positive 4-G load position." The flexible structure allowed "...the wing to flex during gust and

472:

million (US$ 380 million today) proposal for design, construction, and testing of two Model 464-35 prototypes. Further revisions during 1948 resulted in an aircraft with a top speed of 513 miles per hour (446 kn; 826 km/h) at 35,000 feet (11,000 m), a range of 6,909 miles

2382:

The B-52 set many records over the next few years. On 26 September 1958, a B-52D set a world speed record of 560.705 miles per hour (487.239 kn; 902.367 km/h) over a 10,000 kilometers (6,200 miles; 5,400 nautical miles) closed circuit without a payload. The same day, another B-52D

2846:

New countermeasures: Phase VI ECM modification was the sixth major ECM program for the B-52. It improved the aircraft's self-protection capability in the dense Soviet air defense environment. The new equipment expanded signal coverage, improved threat warnings, provided new countermeasures

1631:

The Conventional Enhancement Modification (CEM) program gave the B-52H a more comprehensive conventional weapons capability, adding the modified underwing weapon pylons used by conventional-armed B-52Gs, Harpoon and Have Nap, and the capability to carry new-generation weapons including the

2826:

program during the mid-1970s. Skinning on the lower wing and fuselage was replaced, and various structural components were renewed. The fleet of D models stayed largely intact until late 1978 when 37 not already upgraded Ds were retired. The remainder were retired between 1982 and 1983.

599:

During ground testing on 29 November 1951, the XB-52's pneumatic system failed during a full-pressure test; the resulting explosion severely damaged the trailing edge of the wing, necessitating considerable repairs. The YB-52, the second XB-52 modified with more operational equipment,

2567:

problems, continued towards the target. Twenty-seven Stratofortresses bombed a one-by-two-mile (1.6 by 3.2 km) target box from between 19,000 and 22,000 feet (5,800 and 6,700 m), with a little more than 50% of the bombs falling within the target zone. The force returned to

3806:

engines. This was rejected to avoid slowdowns in production, although a large number of changes were implemented. The most significant of these was a new "wet" wing with integral fuel tanks, increasing gross aircraft weight by 38,000 pounds (17,000 kg). In addition, a pair of

3619:

Of the 50 B-52Bs built, 27 were capable of carrying a reconnaissance pod as RB-52Bs (the crew was increased to eight in these aircraft). The 300 pounds (140 kg) pod contained radio receivers, a combination of K-36, K-38, and T-11 cameras, and two operators on downward-firing

2955:

described the B-52's role in the conflict: "The Buff's value was made clear during the Gulf War and Desert Fox. The B-52 turned out the lights in Baghdad." During Operation Desert Storm, B-52s flew about 1,620 sorties and delivered 40% of the weapons dropped by coalition forces.

2311:, California, on 29 June 1955. The wing became operational on 12 March 1956. The training for B-52 crews consisted of five weeks of ground school and four weeks of flying, accumulating 35 to 50 hours in the air. The new B-52Bs replaced operational B-36s on a one-to-one basis. 3289:

of the islands, ordered the bombers to leave the area, but they refused, not recognizing jurisdiction. On 10 January 2016, a B-52 overflew parts of South Korea escorted by South Korean F-15Ks and U.S. F-16s in response to the supposed test of a hydrogen bomb by North Korea.

2912:, Louisiana, refueled in the air enroute, struck targets in Iraq, and returned home – a journey of 35 hours and 14,000 miles (23,000 km) round trip. It set a record for the longest-distance combat mission, breaking the record previously held by an RAF 3560:

system to augment engine power with a 360 US gal (1,400 L) water tank were added. The aircraft also carried a 1,000-US-gallon (3,800 L) external fuel tank under each wing. The tanks damped wing flutter and kept wingtips close to the ground for ease of

3309:

that had been conducting airstrikes rotated out of the region in January 2016. In April 2016, B-52s arrived in Afghanistan to take part in the war in Afghanistan and began operations in July, proving its flexibility and precision carrying out close-air support missions.

1411:(or all-moving tail) with the elevator used for small adjustments within a stabilizer setting. The stabilizer is adjustable through 13 degrees of movement (nine up, four down) and is crucial to operations during takeoff and landing due to large pitch changes induced by 5097:

The following military aircraft are the only aircraft larger than the B-52 in some manner (parameter listed in parentheses may not be the only figure that exceeds the corresponding parameter of the B-52) and possess an air-to-air capability; none has a combat kill:

3881:. The aircraft's first flight occurred on 10 July 1960, and it entered service on 9 May 1961. This is the only variant currently in use. A total of 102 B-52Hs were built. The last production aircraft, B-52H AF Serial No. 61-40, left the factory on 26 October 1962. 2365:, which covered 15,530 miles (13,500 nmi; 24,990 km) in 31 hours, 30 minutes. SAC noted the flight time could have been reduced by 5 to 6 hours had the four inflight refuelings been done by fast jet-powered tanker aircraft rather than propeller-driven 4331:

On 18 June 1965, two B-52Fs (57‑0047 and 57‑0179) collided mid-air during a refueling maneuver at 33,000 feet (10,000 m) above the South China Sea. The head-on collision took place just northwest of the Luzon Peninsula, Philippines, in the night sky above

371:(AMC) issued desired performance characteristics for a new strategic bomber "capable of carrying out the strategic mission without dependence upon advanced and intermediate bases controlled by other countries". The aircraft was to have a crew of five or more 1149:

target changes required copying down coordinates. The ARC-210 allows machine-to-machine transfer of data, useful on long-endurance missions where targets may have moved before the arrival of the B-52. The aircraft will be able to receive information through

2834:; the combination of nuclear-armed land-based missiles, submarine-based missiles, and manned bombers. The B-1, intended to supplant the B-52, replaced only the older models and the supersonic FB-111. In 1991, B-52s ceased continuous 24-hour SAC alert duty. 1567:

Members of the Global Strike Challenge nuclear/conventional load crew team lift a GBU-31 Joint Direct Attack Munition into position during a dry run leading up to the 2012 Air Force Global Strike Command Challenge on Barksdale Air Force Base, La., Aug. 20,

1124:

the B-52G, Boeing decided in 1957 to transfer all production to Wichita, which freed up Seattle for other tasks, in particular, the production of airliners. Production ended in 1962 with the B-52H, with 742 aircraft built, plus the original two prototypes.

1802:

On 23 April 2020, the USAF released its request for proposals for 608 commercial engines plus spares and support equipment, with the plan to award the contract in May 2021. This Commercial Engine Reengining Program (CERP) saw General Electric propose its

1599:

cruise missile entered service; although intended to replace the AGM-86, the high cost and the Cold War's end led to only 450 being produced; unlike the AGM-86, no conventional, non-nuclear version was built. The B-52 was to have been modified to utilize

2940:

flew bombing missions over Iraq, initially at low altitude. After the first three nights, the B-52s moved to high-altitude missions instead, which reduced their effectiveness and psychological impact compared to the low-altitude role initially played.

4327:

in western Maryland. Excessive turbulence resulted in structural failure in a winter storm. The two MK53 nuclear bombs being ferried were found "relatively intact". Four of the crew of five ejected but two of them died due to exposure from the winter

1427:

on each wing are responsible for the majority of roll control. The late B-52G models eliminated the ailerons altogether and added an extra spoileron to each wing. Partly because of the lack of ailerons, the B-52G and H models were more susceptible to

2493:

flexibility allowed it to outlast several intended successors as the nature of aerial warfare changed. The B-52's large airframe enabled the addition of multiple design improvements, new equipment, and other adaptations over its service life.

1623:

stand-off air-to-ground missile. When the B-52G was retired in 1994, an urgent scheme was launched to restore an interim Harpoon and Have Nap capability, the four aircraft being modified to carry Harpoon and four to carry Have Nap under the

17705: 3745:

This aircraft was given J57-P-43W engines with a larger capacity water injection system to provide greater thrust than previous models. This model had problems with fuel leaks which were eventually solved by several service modifications:

3670:

The RB-52C was the designation initially given to B-52Cs fitted for reconnaissance duties in a similar manner to RB-52Bs. As all 35 B-52Cs could be fitted with the reconnaissance pod, the RB-52C designation was little used and was quickly

543:. Warden was disappointed by the projected aircraft and asked if the Boeing team could produce a proposal for a four-engine turbojet bomber. Joined by Ed Wells, Boeing's vice president of engineering, the engineers worked that night in 2508:

decoys, an advanced electronic countermeasures (ECM) suite, and upgrades to perform the all-weather, low-altitude (below 500 feet or 150 m) interdiction mission in the face of advancing Soviet missile-based air defenses.

17642: 2659:(also known as the Christmas bombings), conducted from 18 to 29 December 1972, which consisted of waves of B-52s (mostly D models, but some Gs without jamming equipment and with a smaller bomb load). Over 12 days, B-52s flew 729 445:. Allen reasoned that the design was capable of being adapted to new aviation technology and more stringent requirements. In January 1948, Boeing was instructed to thoroughly explore recent technological innovations, including 17227: 17107: 1274:

program was launched to counter structural fatigue, enrolling aircraft at 2,000 flying hours. Follow-up programs were conducted, such as a 2,000-hour service life extension to select airframes in 1966–1968, and the extensive

2683:

Tail armament of a B-52D, the model used on both occasions that a B-52 scored an aerial victory. In later models, the tail gunner was moved from the traditional position to the forward crew compartment before being removed

17254: 16249: 18432: 18134: 17309: 1737:

The B-52A models were equipped with Pratt & Whitney J57-P-1W turbojets, providing a dry thrust of 10,000 pounds-force (44 kN) which could be increased for short periods to 11,000 pounds-force (49 kN) with

17745: 17279: 1764:

In a study for the USAF in the mid-1970s, Boeing investigated replacing the engines, changing to a new wing, and other improvements to upgrade B-52G/H aircraft as an alternative to the B-1A, then in development.

6370: 2429:'s military. As the Soviet Union increased its nuclear capabilities, destroying or "countering" the forces that would deliver nuclear strikes (bombers, missiles, etc.) became of great strategic importance. The 1799:

estimated that aerial refueling cost $ 17.50 per US gallon ($ 4.62/L), whereas the USAF had failed to account for the cost of delivering the fuel and so had only priced fuel at $ 1.20 per US gallon ($ 0.32/L).

17501: 17324: 17125: 16271: 3732:

and a Load Alleviation and Mode Stabilization system which reduced airframe fatigue from wind gusts during low-level flight. In one test, the aircraft flew 10 knots (12 mph; 19 km/h) faster than the

1672:

conventional strike role. The 2019 "Safety Rules for U.S. Strategic Bomber Aircraft" manual subsequently confirmed the removal of B61-7 and B83-1 gravity bombs from the B-52H's approved weapons configuration.

402:

with a gross weight of 360,000 pounds (160,000 kg) and a combat radius of 3,110 miles (2,700 nmi; 5,010 km), was declared the winner. On 28 June 1946, Boeing was issued a letter of contract for

2948:

over an area of 1.5 by 1 mi (2.4 by 1.6 km). The bombings demoralized the defending Iraqi troops, many of whom surrendered in the wake of the strikes. In 1999, the science and technology magazine

17471: 18839: 17650: 17591: 563:, and bicycle landing gear with wingtip outrigger wheels. A notable feature was the ability to pivot both fore and aft main landing gear up to 20° from the aircraft centerline to increase safety during 4177:. The aircraft was operated by Boeing personnel during a test flight and crashed after turbulence-induced failure in the horizontal stabilizer at a low elevation. All five Boeing personnel were killed. 1675:

Starting in 2016, Boeing is to upgrade the internal rotary launchers to the MIL-STD-1760 interface to enable the internal carriage of smart bombs, which previously could be carried only on the wings.

17722: 17496: 16594: 1270:

was accelerated by at least a factor of eight in a low-altitude flight profile over that of high-altitude flying, requiring costly repairs to extend service life. In the early 1960s, the three-phase

17319: 5029: 4129: 2746:

Albert E. Moore spotted a fast-approaching MiG-21. Moore opened fire with his quad .50 caliber guns at 4,000 yd (3,700 m), and kept shooting until the fighter disappeared from his scope.

322:(AFGSC). The B-52 completed 60 years of continuous service with its original operator in 2015. After being upgraded between 2013 and 2015, the last airplanes are expected to serve into the 2050s. 18442: 18122: 17314: 17011: 17003: 4123: 1652:

into the aircraft's navigation system, and replaced the under-nose FLIR with a more modern unit. Forty-seven B-52Hs were modified under the CEM program by 1996, with 19 more by the end of 1999.

1576:

nuclear missiles was added to G and H models, starting in 1971. To further improve its offensive ability, air-launched cruise missiles (ALCMs) were fitted. After testing of both the USAF-backed

17511: 17237: 16819: 16797: 10216: 8247: 3262:

of the three types of heavy bombers operated by the USAF in the 2000–2001 period. The B-1 averaged a 53.7% ready rate, the B-2 Spirit achieved 30.3%, and the B-52 averaged 80.5%. The B-52's

18876: 18007: 17992: 17682: 2795: 9557: 9266: 9061: 1830:

involve additional changes to the aircraft's systems and control surfaces (particularly the rudder), thereby increasing the time, cost, and complexity of the project. B-52Hs upgraded with

18770: 18584: 17838: 17765: 17292: 17267: 473:(6,004 nmi; 11,119 km), and a 280,000-pound (130,000 kg) gross weight, which included 10,000 pounds (4,500 kg) of bombs and 19,875 US gallons (75,240 L) of fuel. 250:

Superior performance at high subsonic speeds and relatively low operating costs have kept them in service despite the development of more advanced strategic bombers, such as the Mach 2+

18542: 18154: 17710: 17670: 17630: 17033: 4207:, the starboard wing failed, and the aircraft caught fire during the landing roll. The runway at Larson was damaged. All crew members were evacuated. The KC-135 landed at Fairchild AFB. 3242:, it intends to keep the B-52H in service until 2050, which is 95 years after the B-52 first entered service, an unprecedented length of service for any aircraft, civilian or military. 2859:

These modifications increased weight by nearly 24,000 pounds (11,000 kg) and decreased operational range by 8–11%. This was considered acceptable for the increase in capabilities.

4270:

failure of the starboard wing. A loss of control resulted when the flaps were applied during the emergency approach to Seymour Johnson AFB. Three of the eight crew members were killed.

18529: 18482: 18367: 17095: 17058: 2504:) for all operational B-52s except early B models. The program was completed by 1963. The four modifications were the ability to launch AGM-28 Hound Dog standoff nuclear missiles and 5186: 18184: 17790: 17541: 16224: 6501: 4162:

On 8 September 1958, two B-52Ds (56‑0661 and 56‑0681) from the 92d Bombardment Wing collided in midair near Fairchild AFB. All thirteen crew members on the two aircraft were killed.

4152:

On 29 March 1957, B-52C (54-2676) retained by Boeing and used for tests as JB-52C, crashed during Boeing test flight from Wichita, Kansas. Two of the four crew on board were killed.

1679:

The B-1 has the internal weapons bay space to carry more GBU-31 JDAMs and JASSMs, but the B-52 upgraded with the conventional rotary launcher can carry more of other JDAM variants.

2379:, during which 24,325 miles (21,138 nmi; 39,147 km) was covered in 45 hours 19 minutes (536.8 mph or 863.9 km/h) with several in-flight refuelings by KC-97s. 583:

maneuvering loads, thus relieving high-stress areas and providing a smoother ride." During a 3.5-G pullup, "The wingtips appeared about 35 degrees above level flight position."

9655: 4289:. Due to increased fuel consumption at the lower altitude and being unable to rendezvous with a tanker in time, the aircraft ran out of fuel. The crew ejected safely, while the 2782:

B-52Bs reached the end of their structural service life by the mid-1960s and all were retired by June 1966, followed by the last of the B-52Cs on 29 September 1971; except for

17697: 17536: 17449: 11798: 9280: 3102:

In the 1970s, the U.S. Navy worried that combined attacks from Soviet bombers, submarines, and warships could overwhelm its defenses and sink its aircraft carriers. After the

1202:

The B-52 is due to receive a range of upgrades alongside a planned engine retrofit. These upgrades aim to modernize the sensors and displays of the B-52. They include the new

9248: 1480:(FLIR) system mounted in blisters under the noses of B-52Gs and Hs between 1972 and 1976. The navigational capabilities of the B-52 were later augmented with the addition of 18562: 18317: 18312: 17155: 16767: 11862:

Kai Wah G Eng, "Loss of 53–0393, First Production B-52B". "Buff Bulletin – Newsletter of the B-52 Stratofortress Association", Vol. 19, No. 1, Issue 67, Spring 2011, pg. 10.

3581:. A pylon was fitted under the right wing between the fuselage and the inboard engines with a 6 by 8 feet (1.8 m × 2.4 m) section removed from the right wing 2361: 18322: 17082: 16536: 8996: 8826: 4196:. Four of the eight crew members on the bomber and all four crew on the tanker were killed. One of the nuclear bombs was damaged by fire, but both weapons were recovered. 1400:

can be pivoted 20 degrees to either side from neutral. The crew would preset the yaw adjustable crosswind landing gear according to wind observations made on the ground.

17150: 16930: 1588:

requirements that cruise missile-capable aircraft be readily identifiable by reconnaissance satellites, the cruise missile-armed B-52Gs were modified with a distinctive

1423:

flap-type ailerons would lose authority and therefore could not be used. In other words, aileron activation would cause the wing to twist, undermining roll control. Six

1283:

introduced on G and H models was even more susceptible to fatigue, experiencing 60% more stress during a flight than the old wing. The wings were modified by 1964 under

17407: 15774: 15054: 6594: 1264:

systems; in later models, the gunner was moved to the front of the fuselage, with gun laying carried out by radar alone, much like the B-58 Hustler's tail gun system.

4336:, a category 5 storm with maximum winds of 185 mph (298 km/h) and waves reported as high as 70 feet (21 m). Both aircraft were from the same squadron ( 1819:. On 24 September 2021, the USAF selected the Rolls-Royce F130 as the winner and announced plans to purchase 650 engines (608 direct replacements and 42 spares), for 11890: 9165:

million per copy), replacing the USAF's legacy fleet of B-52 and B-1 bombers with a stealthy, long-range, nuke-capable strike aircraft entering service around 2020.

7194: 3246:

has also continued in service because there has been no reliable replacement. The B-52 has the capacity to "loiter" for extended periods, and can deliver precision

18022: 16351: 16318: 1160:

billion overall and take several years. Funding has been secured for 30 B-52s; the USAF hopes for 10 CONECT upgrades per year, but the rate has yet to be decided.

8674: 2359:

in Albuquerque, NM. From 24 to 25 November 1956, four B-52Bs of the 93rd BW and four B-52Cs of the 42nd BW flew nonstop around the perimeter of North America in

11726:. Dayton, Ohio: History Office Aeronautical Systems Center, Air Force Materiel Command, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, United States Air Force. Archived from 11234: 9799: 7375: 2847:

techniques, and increased the quantity of expendables. The power requirements of Phase VI ECM also consumed most of the excess electrical capacity on the B-52G.

1794:(DSB) report in 2003. The DSB urged the USAF to re-engine the aircraft without delay, saying doing so would not only create significant cost savings but reduce 17274: 15838: 10808: 10741: 18936: 18861: 11160: 5366: 3186: 3090:, which commenced on 20 March 2003 (Iraq/Southwest Asia). On the night of 21 March 2003, B-52Hs launched at least 100 AGM-86C CALCMs at targets within Iraq. 2708:(VPAF) MiG-21 approached. The MiG and the B-52 locked onto each other. When the fighter drew within range, Turner fired his quad (four guns on one mounting) 9229: 2774:

air-to-air kills. The last Arc Light mission without fighter escort took place on 15 August 1973, as U.S. military action in Southeast Asia was wound down.

15760: 15738: 4300:

On 7 April 1961, B-52B (53‑0380), nicknamed "Ciudad Juarez", from the 95th Bombardment Wing out of Biggs AFB was accidentally shot down by the launch of a

1116:

to the establishment of curfews for engine tests. Aircraft were ferried 150 miles (240 km) east on their maiden flights to Larson Air Force Base near

8406: 2967:

and damaged a B-52G on the opening night of the Gulf War. However, the USAF disputes this claim, stating the bomber was actually hit by friendly fire, an

1407:

is also very narrow chord and the B-52 suffers from limited elevator control authority. For long-term pitch trim and airspeed changes the aircraft uses a

14008: 14003: 13998: 13993: 13988: 13983: 13978: 8255: 5650:

How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda

4226:

after a turbulence-induced structural failure, the tail snapped off, at altitude. Only the copilot survived after ejecting. The other seven crewmen died.

1140:. The program was canceled in 2005 following the removal of funds for the stand-off jammer. The program was revived in 2007 and cut again in early 2009. 6407: 5857: 1396:

due to the loss of an engine in flight would be minimal and correctable with the narrow rudder. To assist with crosswind takeoffs and landings the main

18089: 17135: 14308: 13958: 13943: 13918: 13913: 13908: 13898: 13893: 13878: 13873: 13868: 13863: 13853: 13843: 13838: 13833: 13828: 13823: 13818: 13813: 13803: 13793: 13783: 13778: 13773: 13768: 13763: 13758: 13753: 13748: 13743: 13738: 13723: 13713: 13708: 13703: 13698: 13693: 13688: 13683: 13673: 13668: 13663: 13658: 13653: 13648: 13638: 13633: 13628: 13623: 13618: 13613: 13603: 13598: 13593: 13588: 13583: 13578: 13573: 13568: 13563: 13558: 13553: 13548: 13543: 13538: 13533: 13528: 13523: 13518: 13513: 13508: 13503: 13498: 13493: 13483: 13478: 13473: 13468: 13463: 13458: 13453: 13448: 13443: 13438: 13433: 13428: 13423: 13418: 13413: 13408: 13403: 13398: 13393: 13368: 13363: 13358: 13348: 13343: 13333: 13311: 13306: 13296: 13291: 13286: 13266: 13236: 13231: 13226: 13221: 13199: 13194: 13189: 13184: 13179: 13174: 13169: 13164: 13159: 13149: 13144: 13139: 13134: 13124: 13119: 13114: 13109: 13104: 13099: 13089: 13084: 13079: 13074: 13069: 13059: 13049: 13044: 13039: 13034: 13019: 13004: 12989: 12979: 12974: 12964: 12959: 12954: 12949: 12939: 12934: 12929: 12924: 12919: 12914: 12899: 12889: 12864: 12859: 12854: 12849: 12834: 12824: 12819: 12809: 12804: 12799: 12794: 12784: 12779: 12774: 12769: 12759: 12754: 12734: 12729: 12724: 12719: 12714: 12709: 12704: 12699: 12694: 12674: 12669: 12659: 12639: 12634: 12614: 12604: 12599: 12579: 12574: 12569: 12559: 12554: 12549: 12524: 8941: 3286: 2889: 2870:(AMRC) cut the 365 B-52s into pieces. Russia verified the completion destruction task via satellite and first-person inspection at the AMARC facility. 2867: 1163:

Weapons upgrades include the 1760 Internal Weapons Bay Upgrade (IWBU), which gives a 66 percent increase in weapons payload using a digital interface (

7129: 5075:

The Have Nap missile, carried only by the B-52, enabled stand-off attacks on targets while maintaining a "man-in-the-loop" guidance system capability.

2546:

With the escalating situation in Southeast Asia, 28 B-52Fs were fitted with external racks for 24 of the 750 pounds (340 kg) bombs under project

12494: 12474: 12454: 12444: 12439: 12434: 12429: 12424: 12414: 12399: 12394: 12369: 12364: 12359: 12354: 12329: 12314: 12304: 12299: 12284: 12264: 12249: 12244: 12239: 12234: 12229: 12224: 12219: 12209: 12199: 12194: 12189: 12184: 12179: 12174: 12169: 12164: 12159: 12154: 12149: 12144: 12139: 12134: 12129: 12124: 12119: 12114: 12104: 8068: 5034: 3914: 8956: 5332: 4105:

1 modified ex-USAF B-52H (61-25) Heavy Lift Launch Aircraft operated from 2001 to 2008. On 9 May 2008, that aircraft was flown for the last time to

16244: 14921: 12049: 10208: 6960: 4312:

during a practice intercept maneuver. The missile struck the engine pylon on the B-52 resulting in separation of the wing. The aircraft crashed on

3556:

and a new sixth crew member. In the rear fuselage, a tail turret with four 0.50-inch (12.7 mm) machine guns with a fire-control system, and a

2433:

endorsed this switch in focus; the President in 1954 expressed a preference for military targets over civilian ones, a principle reinforced in the

8278: 4242:

after soft landing with parachute deployed. The weapon was recovered intact after three of the four stages of the arming sequence were completed.

2916:

in 1982; however, this was achieved using forward refueling. Those seven B-52s flew the first combat sorties of Operation Desert Storm, firing 35

18992: 17732: 9565: 9317: 9069: 2979:

announced that the gunner position on B-52 crews would be eliminated, and the gun turrets permanently deactivated, commencing on 1 October 1991.

9130: 3862:. The ECM and avionics were updated, a new fire control system was fitted, and the rear defensive armament was changed from machine guns to a 20 3254:

munitions from a distance, in addition to direct bombing. It has been a valuable asset in supporting ground operations during conflicts such as

2524:, later complemented the B-52 in roles the aircraft was not as capable in, such as missions involving high-speed, low-level penetration dashes. 1535: 18197: 17740: 17687: 17578: 17439: 17412: 17304: 15029: 12099: 12074: 12064: 12059: 11978: 5019: 4203:

collided with a KC-135 during mid-air refueling. The refueling probe from the KC-135 pierced the skin on the wing of the B-52. Upon landing at

2356: 10615: 6765: 2750:

Clarence W. Chute, a tail gunner aboard another Stratofortress, watched the MiG catch fire and fall away; this was not confirmed by the VPAF.

18906: 18834: 18790: 18632: 18627: 18614: 18537: 18524: 18469: 18459: 18454: 18339: 18277: 17958: 17948: 17868: 17727: 17516: 17491: 17337: 17262: 17023: 17018: 12259: 12069: 8845: 6450: 3728:

One -E aircraft (AF Serial No. 56-632) was modified as a testbed for various B-52 systems. Redesignated NB-52E, the aircraft was fitted with

6903: 1210:

communication systems, new pylons, new cockpit displays and the deletion of one crew station. The changes will carry the designation B-52J.

19035: 18800: 18447: 18419: 18404: 18399: 18372: 18344: 18244: 18239: 17655: 16021: 14182: 12094: 12089: 8920: 8786: 6576: 5182: 4480: 3146: 2959:

During the conflict, several claims of Iraqi air-to-air successes were made, including an Iraqi pilot, Khudai Hijab, who allegedly fired a

2395:, Spain, which covered 12,532.28 miles (10,890.25 nmi; 20,168.75 km). The flight passed over Seattle, Fort Worth and the Azores. 200:(USAF) since the 1950s, and NASA for over 50 years. The bomber can carry up to 70,000 pounds (32,000 kg) of weapons and has a typical 8488: 6787: 6535: 6493: 5685: 4405:

on the B-52 were eventually recovered; the conventional explosives of two more bombs detonated on impact, with serious dispersion of both

2971:

High-speed, Anti-Radiation Missile (HARM) that homed on the fire-control radar of the B-52's tail gun; the jet was subsequently nicknamed

18745: 18592: 18499: 18487: 18229: 18224: 18204: 18179: 17130: 16095: 7175: 2799: 2562:, was flown by B-52Fs on 18 June 1965, when 30 bombers of the 9th and 441st Bombardment Squadrons struck a communist stronghold near the 551:

By late Friday night, they had laid out what was an essentially new airplane. The new design (464-49) built upon the basic layout of the

17: 10308: 9177: 6555: 3712:

The B-52E received updated avionics and bombing navigational system, which was eventually debugged and included in the following models.

1503:

was fitted, which increased the effectiveness of the aircraft in the attack of ground targets with a variety of standoff weapons, using

1132:

A proposed variant of the B-52H was the EB-52H, which would have consisted of 16 modified and augmented B-52H airframes with additional

539:, Art Carlsen, and Vaughn Blumenthal presented the design of a four-engine turboprop bomber to the chief of bomber development, Colonel 17660: 16807: 11814:

Willis, David (September 2005). "Boeing's Timeless Deterrent, Part 1: B-52 Stratofortress – From Conception to Hanoi".

9267:"News Transcript: Department Of Defense Press Briefing by Lieutenant General Harrigian via teleconference from Al Udeid Airbase, Qatar" 3185:

In August 2007, a B-52H ferrying AGM-129 ACM cruise missiles from Minot Air Force Base to Barksdale Air Force Base for dismantling was

3129:

of China have caused the USAF to re-implement strategies for finding and attacking ships. The B-52 fleet has been certified to use the

1196:

carrying more smart bombs, moving them internally from the wings reduces drag and achieves a 15 percent reduction in fuel consumption.

6924: 4333: 3839: 18579: 18504: 18427: 18362: 18334: 18307: 18302: 18297: 18292: 18144: 18099: 18079: 18029: 17979: 17936: 17931: 17918: 17906: 17901: 17886: 17881: 17858: 17848: 17820: 17815: 17810: 17780: 17760: 17603: 17454: 17434: 17372: 17367: 17212: 17142: 17100: 16943: 16938: 16646: 16443: 16418: 16373: 16356: 16338: 16328: 15007: 11831:

Willis, David (November 2005). "Boeing's Timeless Deterrent, Part 2: B-52 Stratofortress – The Permanent Spear Tip".

10549: 10530: 4432:. Five of the seven crew members were able to eject and survived the crash. Sergeant David Felix and Colonel William Ivy were killed. 11806: 7335: 7245:

Rolfsen, Bruce (15 April 2002). "The B-52's big 5-0; The Stratofortress cuts a wide swath – and may see another 40 years' service".

5778: 18916: 17752: 17242: 15753: 8743: 8696: 8308: 6047: 4440: 1359: 1253:

operator ejected upwards, while the lower deck crew ejected downwards; until the B-52G, the gunner had to jettison the tail gun to

5670:

How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States

5399: 16051: 15535: 11902: 10508: 9535: 9196: 8414: 8339: 7156: 4463: 3874:

countermeasures rocket, which was later retrofitted to the remainder of the B-52G and B-52H fleet. A provision was made for four

3328: 1392:

was to be used but was abandoned because of doubts about hydraulic actuator reliability. Because the aircraft has eight engines,

1358:, which aimed to reduce crude oil usage and obtain half of its aviation fuel from alternative sources by 2016. On 8 August 2007, 11217: 10304: 9740: 9042: 9007: 17770: 17613: 17549: 16853: 14301: 11718: 9829: 6844: 10641: 10467: 10111: 7160: 6645: 4466:

approximately 25 miles (40 km) off the coast of Guam. All six crew members were killed (five standard crew members and a

1257:. The tail gunner in early model B-52s was located in the traditional location in the tail of the plane, with both visual and 19040: 18597: 11856: 11787: 11768: 11747: 11706: 11685: 11666: 11628: 11588: 11556: 11536: 11508: 11487: 11468: 11449: 11430: 11409: 11380: 11353: 11315: 11272: 11206: 11187: 11145: 11113: 11094: 11075: 11056: 11037: 11018: 10991: 10945: 10926: 10908: 10872: 10852: 10833: 10796: 10777: 10758: 10722: 10688: 9718: 6016: 4316:

with three of the eight crew on board killed. A firing circuit electrical fault caused the inadvertent launch of the missile.

3082: 1520: 15768: 10351: 5806: 16895: 16846: 14422: 10434: 7401: 5384: 5281: 4773:

cannon originally mounted in a remote-controlled tail turret on the H-model, removed in 1991 from all operational aircraft.

2921: 509:

Side view of YB-52 bomber, still fitted with a tandem cockpit, in common with other jet bombers in US service, such as the

7754: 3807:

700 US gallon (2,650 L) external fuel tanks were fitted under the wings on wet hardpoints. The traditional

3118:). These minefields would force the Soviet fleet to disperse, making individual ships more vulnerable to Harpoon attacks. 19030: 19020: 17284: 17075: 15746: 14991: 14317: 11936: 10118: 2496:

In November 1959, to improve the aircraft's combat capabilities in the changing strategic environment, SAC initiated the

1352: 1338:

In September 2006, the B-52 became one of the first US military aircraft to fly using alternative fuel. It took off from

1206: 6949: 4843: 3106:, US planners feared the damage that could be created by 200-mile (170 nmi; 320 km)-range missiles carried by 2652:. The crew was forced to abandon the damaged aircraft over Thailand. This was the first B-52 destroyed by hostile fire. 520:

In May 1948, Air Materiel Command asked Boeing to incorporate the previously discarded jet engine, with improvements in

17342: 15022: 14442: 11971: 10489: 6424: 5211: 3302: 3218: 3174: 2862:

After the fall of the Soviet Union, all B-52Gs remaining in service were destroyed in accordance with the terms of the

1637: 1524: 10409: 10384: 10322: 8878: 8714: 8088: 3870:

cannon, which were then removed between 1991 and 1994. The final 18 aircraft were manufactured with provision for the

2982:

Since the mid-1990s, the B-52H has been the only variant remaining in military service; it is currently stationed at:

19025: 17379: 17115: 16556: 14294: 11647: 11609: 11291: 10452: 10076: 8435: 7815: 7786: 3963: 3919: 3189:

with six missiles with their nuclear warheads. The weapons did not leave USAF custody and were secured at Barksdale.

2944:

The conventional strikes were carried out by three bombers, which dropped up to 153 of the 750 lb (340 kg)

10816: 6478: 3927: 3737:

without damage because the canards eliminated 30% of vertical and 50% of horizontal vibrations caused by wind gusts.

1787:

billion more than keeping the existing engines, citing significant up-front procurement and re-tooling expenditure.

1595:. As all B-52Hs were assumed modified, no visual modification of these aircraft was required. In 1990, the stealthy 17459: 16829: 16824: 15985: 14813: 14686: 9795: 8863: 7671: 7290: 3126: 2893: 2643:, war correspondent, writing before the mass attacks on heavily populated cities including North Vietnam's capital. 2611: 2434: 1795: 524:, into the design. That resulted in the development of yet another revision—in July 1948, Model 464-40 substituted 307: 11170: 1515:

used to obtain target imagery. LITENING pods have been fitted to a wide variety of other US aircraft, such as the

1472:

To improve operations at low altitudes, the AN/ASQ-151 Electro-Optical Viewing System (EVS), which consisted of a

1144:

computer servers, modems, radios, data-links, receivers, and digital workstations for the crew. One update is the

1107:

The B-52B was followed by progressively improved bomber and reconnaissance variants, culminating in the B-52G and

16802: 16333: 16088: 15707: 7312: 4850: 4320: 3991: 3905:

Allocated to the reconnaissance variant of the B-52B, but not used. The aircraft were designated RB-52Bs instead.

2755: 2576: 2521: 1812: 1585: 1516: 437:

The outright cancellation of the Boeing contract on 11 December 1947 was staved off by a plea from its president

319: 231:

in April 1952. The B-52 has been in service with the USAF since 1955, and NASA from 1959 to 2007. Built to carry

9303: 3847:

The B-52H had the same crew and structural changes as the B-52G. The most significant upgrade was the switch to

1718:

The eight engines of the B-52 are paired in pods and suspended by four pylons beneath and forward of the wings'

52: 17795: 17524: 17464: 15038: 14854: 14742: 13968: 11621:

The War in South Vietnam: The Years of the Offensive, 1965–1968 (The United States Air Force in Southeast Asia)

7669:

Rosenberg, David A (Spring 1983). "The Origins of Overkill: Nuclear Weapons and American Strategy, 1945–1960".

4779:

Approximately 70,000 pounds (32,000 kg) mixed ordnance; bombs, mines, missiles, in various configurations.

3787: 3099:

mine-laying missions off the coasts of Sweden, simulating a counter-amphibious invasion mission in the Baltic.

3071: 2937: 11302: 9024: 8808: 8760: 5362: 3215:

became the first stored B-52 to return to service after six years in storage at Davis-Monthan Air Force Base.

2704:

Samuel O. Turner's B-52 had just completed a bomb run for Operation Linebacker II and was turning away when a

1111:

B-52H. To allow rapid delivery, production lines were set up both at its main Seattle factory and at Boeing's

16186: 15916: 15602: 15046: 15015: 14885: 14447: 14275: 11964: 9416: 5861: 4896: 4814: 4309: 3958: 3033: 2705: 2517: 1641: 1136:

capabilities. This variant would have restored USAF airborne jamming capability that it lost on retiring the

255: 9674: 9281:"US B-52 Bombers, Gunships Sent into Action in Afghanistan in Attempt to Stop Taliban Advance on Key Cities" 6400: 18702: 16841: 16626: 16546: 16486: 15843: 15723: 15431: 15426: 15416: 15332: 15042: 14747: 14671: 14584: 14503: 14493: 13321: 11944: 8578: 5677: 5657: 3285:

operations in the South China Sea in response to Chinese human-made islands in the region. Chinese forces,

3197: 2542:

Soviet specialists inspect the wreckage of the B-52 Stratofortress shot down near Hanoi on 23 December 1972

2512:

In the 1960s, there were concerns over the fleet's capable lifespan. Several projects beyond the B-52, the

2470: 2366: 1633: 1192: 5807:"The B-52 was designed in a hotel room over a weekend in 1948, and it may still be flying 100 years later" 17692: 17620: 17120: 16695: 16662: 15995: 15863: 15828: 15823: 15658: 15451: 15379: 15374: 15347: 15327: 15292: 14620: 14574: 14478: 14437: 13338: 13316: 13154: 13094: 12994: 10734:"'BUFF' and Tough - the B-52 bomber has been a valuable and effective member of the Air Force since 1955" 10152: 4856: 3700: 2304: 1699: 1691: 1668: 1343: 510: 266: 11922: 9084: 2920:

standoff missiles and successfully destroying 85–95 percent of their targets. B-52Gs operating from the

2830:

The remaining G and H models were used for nuclear standby ("alert") duty as part of the United States'

2720:

for his actions. His B-52, tail number 56-676, is preserved on display with air-to-air kill markings at

19045: 17222: 17184: 17087: 16677: 16541: 16506: 16469: 16281: 16081: 16005: 15421: 14818: 14676: 14661: 14498: 14069: 14032: 10611: 8286: 4650: 4641: 4574: 4337: 4282: 4102:

operated from 1966 to 2004. It was then put on display at the North entrance to Edwards Air Force Base.

4054: 4043: 3298: 3170: 3026: 1473: 15037: 9304:"US tested hypersonic missile in mid-March but kept it quiet to avoid escalating tensions with Russia" 3897:

radar, and new communications and navigation equipment. To be operational before the end of the 2020s.

2282:

Note: The original costs were in approximate 1955 United States dollars. Figures in tables noted with

18926: 17566: 17476: 17419: 17199: 17189: 16993: 16762: 16256: 16026: 15858: 15483: 15446: 15357: 15352: 14875: 14844: 14666: 14600: 14518: 14508: 14488: 14027: 13678: 13214: 13209: 12584: 12564: 10660: 8981: 4866: 4390: 4319:

On 13 January 1964, the vertical stabilizer broke off B-52D (55‑0060), callsign "Buzz 14", causing a

4313: 4290: 4259: 4251: 4239: 4063: 3557: 3015: 2555: 2430: 1808: 1649: 1458: 1179: 636:

testing, paid off with smooth flight testing. Encouraged, the USAF increased its order to 282 B-52s.

10845:

Air Force Gunners (AFGA): The Men Behind the Guns, The History of Enlisted Aerial Gunnery, 1917–1991

6595:"With new radar and engines in sight, the B-52 gets ready for 'largest modification in its history'" 418:

Subsequently, in November 1946, the Deputy Chief of Air Staff for Research and Development, General

18039: 17424: 16981: 16474: 15939: 15921: 15607: 14788: 14727: 14722: 14717: 14712: 14605: 13373: 12379: 5883: 4796: 4533: 3535:

Two prototype aircraft with limited operational equipment, used for aerodynamic and handling tests.

3239: 3193: 3169:

B-52 Crew Chief SSgt Figueroa stenciling completed bombing sorties on B-52H (61-0010) during

2999: 2909: 2721: 1885: 1739: 1477: 1373:

Because of the B-52's mission parameters, only modest maneuvers would be required with no need for

1307:

continued to plague all variants of the B-52. To this end, all aircraft variants were subjected to

1240: 10733: 7284:

Air Force Depot Maintenance: Information on the Cost-Effectiveness of B-1 and B-52 Support Options

4507: 4495: 3313:

According to a statement by the U.S. military, an undisclosed number of B-52s participated in the

18866: 17785: 17571: 17070: 16961: 16913: 16812: 16266: 16261: 16129: 16104: 15818: 15813: 15770: 15441: 15436: 15394: 15050: 14895: 14880: 10258: 6900: 5099: 5024: 4915:, is also called a B-52 for its resemblance to the aircraft's distinctive nose. The popular band 4674: 4106: 3943: 3848: 3342:

in Australia in the near future, which would include building facilities to handle the aircraft.

3056: 3041: 2709: 2697: 2656: 2599: 2568: 2444:, B-52s and other US strategic bombers performed airborne alert patrols under code names such as 2369:. In a demonstration of the B-52's global reach, from 16 to 18 January 1957, three B-52Bs made a 2335:

for Castle Air Force Base, California, after their record-setting round-the-world flight in 1957.

1750: 1727: 1385: 1355: 1088: 490: 438: 431: 389: 244: 197: 108: 8917: 8778: 8316: 4401:, Spain, killing all four on the tanker and three of the seven on the B-52G. The two unexploded 3638:

The NB-52B was B-52B number 52-8 converted to an X-15 launch platform. It subsequently flew as "

3138:

infrared targeting pod already used by B-52s for inspecting ships. In 2019, Boeing selected the

2563: 591: 18672: 16712: 16561: 16501: 16479: 16151: 16058: 16046: 16000: 15889: 15868: 15853: 15582: 15530: 14956: 14900: 14768: 14569: 14427: 14402: 13353: 13301: 13281: 13276: 13271: 13261: 13256: 13251: 13246: 13241: 13204: 13029: 12999: 12909: 12869: 12839: 12749: 7820: 5668: 5648: 4880: 4836: 4829: 4736: 4566: 4170: 3981: 3803: 3771: 3605: 3321: 3067: 3022: 2905: 2791: 2477: 1731: 1656: 1500: 1404: 1339: 1235: 1117: 465:

flying wing bombers, Boeing insisted on a conventional aircraft, and in April 1948 presented a

354: 340: 93: 11599: 10453:"Pilot in fatal B-52 crash may have violated rules: Dicks cites Signs of 'acrobatic' Flying'." 9656:"B-52 OT, WPS, Ops squadrons collaborate during Test and Weapons School Roadshow at Minot AFB" 6006: 18962: 18139: 18109: 18054: 17486: 17053: 16918: 16890: 16858: 16636: 16119: 16031: 15944: 15833: 15702: 15461: 14986: 14981: 14946: 14905: 14890: 14513: 14452: 14156: 13963: 13938: 13728: 13718: 13643: 13608: 11225: 10699: 7894: 7342: 6745: 6540: 6455: 4394: 4349: 4294: 4274: 4248: 4211: 4200: 4181: 4139: 3975: 3812: 3613: 3282: 3231: 3087: 2461: 2457: 2453: 2449: 2422: 2414: 2375: 2308: 1804: 1791: 1512: 617: 552: 498: 385: 311: 35: 31: 11758: 11696: 11526: 11498: 11420: 11399: 11262: 11124: 10916: 10582: 10182: 8899: 4398: 4381: 2679: 1749:

On 9 May 1961, the B-52H began to be delivered to the USAF with cleaner burning and quieter

624:. The XB-52 followed on 2 October 1952. The thorough development, including 670 days in the 17625: 17529: 16834: 16707: 16700: 16308: 16136: 16041: 15686: 15597: 15542: 15525: 15337: 15312: 14870: 14808: 14691: 14074: 11199:

Vietnam Air Losses, USAF, USN, USMC, Fixed-Wing Aircraft Losses in Southeast Asia 1961–1973

11165: 10085: 9322: 7451: 7425: 6931: 4341: 4286: 4235: 4023: 3729: 3527:

The B-52 went through several design changes and variants over its 10 years of production.

3335: 2986: 2513: 2489: 2445: 2352: 2340: 2332: 1816: 1231: 514: 454: 376: 368: 251: 10527: 10231: 9149: 8675:"Photos show B-52s loaded with mines for simulated massive naval mine drop outside Sweden" 2392: 1322: 415:

with a 230,000-pound (100,000 kg) gross weight, which was briefly deemed acceptable.

8: 18034: 17384: 17172: 17048: 16393: 16239: 16073: 15990: 15803: 15653: 15322: 14926: 14778: 14640: 14548: 14079: 8883: 8643: 8099: 7346: 5780:

The Development of the B-52 and Jet Propulsion: A Case Study in Organizational Innovation

5141:

The electronic warfare officer sat in the rear of the upper flight deck facing the rear.

4985: 4912: 4662: 4447:, Washington, during practice for an airshow. All four crew members died in the accident. 4421: 4361: 4255: 3816:

system capacity was increased to 1,200 US gallons (4,540 L), and the nose

3578: 3577:

The last B-52A (serial 52-003) was modified and redesignated NB-52A in 1959 to carry the

2648:

On 22 November 1972, a B-52D (55-110) from U-Tapao was hit by a SAM while on a raid over

2628: 2607: 2559: 1547: 1489: 1389: 1378: 1374: 1331: 544: 540: 486: 372: 270: 262: 259: 201: 10826:

Air Power: The Men, Machines, and Ideas that Revolutionized War, from Kitty Hawk to Iraq

10209:"Epic Tale of Survival is Replete with Midair Collision, Super Typhoon and, Yes, Sharks" 10089: 8736: 8689: 8613: 6051: 5066:

Quote: "Designing the B-29 had required 153,000 engineering hours; the B-52, 3,000,000."

4266:

in the process without detonation. The aircraft suffered a fuel leak at altitude due to

3612:

The B-52B was the first version to enter service with the USAF on 29 June 1955 with the

3130: 211:

Beginning with the successful contract bid in June 1946, the B-52 design evolved from a

18644: 18129: 18017: 17481: 17354: 16900: 15808: 15681: 15217: 15164: 14936: 14931: 14803: 14579: 14259: 14064: 13054: 11574:. Monographs in Aerospace History. Washington, DC: NASA Historical Office. p. 132. 8073: 7696: 7688: 6930:(Report). Weapon System Technology Information Analysis Center (WSTIAC). Archived from 4745: 4377: 4305: 4267: 4079: 4034: 4012: 4007: 4002: 3949: 2747: 2743: 2618: 2388: 1412: 1267: 1258: 1222: 1133: 536: 315: 11907: 10503: 9318:"A 'strong message to our adversaries': US prepares to deploy B-52 bombers to Top End" 9006:. Vol. 90, no. 2. pp. 38–43 Retrieved: 13 November 2009. Archived from 8431: 4192:

collided in midair with a KC-135 tanker (57-1513) near Hardinsburg, Kentucky during a

3854:

engines, which, despite the initial reliability problems (corrected by 1964 under the

1742:. The water was carried in a 360 US gallons (1,400 L) tank in the rear fuselage. 18697: 17194: 17065: 16526: 16229: 15317: 15297: 15190: 15180: 14793: 13733: 11852: 11836: 11819: 11783: 11764: 11743: 11702: 11681: 11662: 11643: 11624: 11605: 11584: 11552: 11532: 11504: 11483: 11464: 11445: 11426: 11405: 11386: 11376: 11359: 11349: 11332: 11327: 11325:

Lake, Jon (May 2001). "Boeing B-52 Stratofortress: Towards the Octogenarian Bomber".

11311: 11287: 11268: 11249: 11244: 11202: 11183: 11141: 11109: 11106:

Aces & Aerial Victories: The United States Air Force in Southeast Asia, 1965–1973

11090: 11071: 11052: 11033: 11014: 10997: 10987: 10978:

Dorr, Robert F; Rogers, Brian C (Winter 1996). "Boeing B-52H: The Ultimate Warrior".

10966: 10941: 10922: 10904: 10887: 10868: 10848: 10829: 10792: 10773: 10754: 10718: 10704: 10684: 10359: 9485: 9215: 9111: 9092: 7700: 7639: 7103: 6750: 6012: 5787: 4950: 4793: 4193: 4074: 4029: 3890: 3878: 3775: 3314: 3294: 3178: 2976: 2951: 2550:

in June 1964; an additional 46 aircraft received similar modifications under project

2481: 2348: 1831: 1769: 1616: 1199:

The US Air Force Research Lab is investigating defensive laser weapons for the B-52.

605: 564: 182: 11727: 11125:"New Life for Buff: Older than its pilots, the B-52 gets ready to fly for 100 years" 10052: 10015: 9994: 9946: 9923: 9880: 9821: 9249:"U.S. Air Force reports sharp climb in air strikes against militants in Afghanistan" 6848: 5759: 3802:

program. At first, a radical redesign was envisioned with a completely new wing and

2929: 1768:

In 1996, Rolls-Royce and Boeing jointly proposed fitting each B-52 with four leased

1563: 18692: 18657: 18557: 17506: 16581: 16408: 16363: 16343: 15411: 15384: 15212: 15159: 15078: 13903: 13024: 12539: 12534: 11912: 11331:. Vol. 60, no. 5. Stamford, Lincs, UK: Key Publishing. pp. 286–293. 10122: 10097: 10093: 8014: 7749: 7680: 5811: 5664: 5644: 4876: 4402: 4365: 4301: 4230: 4223: 4134:

List of incidents resulting in loss of life, severe injuries, or loss of aircraft.

3831:

treaty requirements in December 2013. A few examples remain on display for museums.

3662:

paint, which was intended to reflect the thermal radiation of a nuclear detonation.

3659: 3339: 3247: 3075: 2736: 2485: 1710: 1664: 1660: 1620: 1601: 1592: 1581: 1556: 1540: 1454: 525: 446: 442: 318:(ACC); in 2010, all B-52 Stratofortresses were transferred from the ACC to the new 240: 205: 196:, which has continued to provide support and upgrades. It has been operated by the 189: 75: 10550:"Lockheed Martin's Sniper ATP Continues Successful B-52 Integration Test Program." 10323:"October 16, 1984, USAF, Boeing B-52G (57-6479) Monument Valley, AZ - LOSTFLIGHTS" 9898: 9216:"U.S. B-52 bomber flies over S. Korea in solidarity after N. Korean nuclear claim" 2621:

in November 1965, notable as the aircraft's first use in a tactical support role.

1218: 17554: 17207: 16976: 16966: 16777: 16496: 16293: 15635: 15587: 14332: 12664: 12619: 12519: 12489: 12479: 12409: 12344: 12339: 12324: 12309: 12289: 12279: 12274: 12269: 12214: 12204: 12079: 12032: 11344:

Lake, Jon (Spring 2003). "Variant Briefing: Boeing B-52 Stratofortress: Part 1".

10534: 10512: 10071: 9633: 8924: 7896:

Astronautics and Aeronautics, 1965: Chronology on Science, Technology, and Policy

6907: 6536:"U.S. Air Force Scientists are Working to Arm the B-52 Bomber with Laser Weapons" 6411: 5289: 5264:"The Incredible 50-year-old Plane on the Front Lines of the North Korea Standoff" 5002: 4990: 4936: 4907: 4902: 4429: 4324: 4068: 4048: 3687:

The B-52D was a dedicated long-range bomber without a reconnaissance option. The

3582: 3011: 2897: 2716:

Louis E. Le Blanc, the tail gunner in a nearby Stratofortress. Turner received a

2713: 2606:. Each bombing mission lasted 10 to 12 hours and included an aerial refueling by 2465: 2384: 2370: 1393: 1334:

sheared off in severe turbulence on 10 January 1964. The aircraft landed safely.

1112: 621: 521: 303: 294:). There are 76 aircraft in inventory as of 2024; 58 operated by active forces ( 232: 11956: 11567: 8974: 7283: 5380: 4165:

On 23 June 1959, B-52D (56‑0591), nicknamed "Tommy's Tigator", operating out of

3858:

program), offered considerably better performance and fuel economy than the J57

3086:

dropped a third of the bomb tonnage in Afghanistan. B-52s also played a role in

280:

is rarely used; informally, the aircraft has become commonly referred to as the

18219: 17675: 17635: 16787: 16755: 16742: 16589: 16388: 15478: 15404: 15389: 15364: 15088: 14432: 14108: 14086: 13129: 12044: 12039: 12022: 12017: 12012: 12007: 12002: 10957: 10607: 9899:"Crash Site of a B-52 Bomber, East of Trans-Canada Highway near Morrill Siding" 9770: 8189: 7899:. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 1963. p. 84. NASA SP-4006 7741: 7208: 6516: 5107: 4570: 4528: 4467: 4219: 4189: 3875: 3692: 3691:

modifications allowed the B-52D to carry heavy loads of conventional bombs for

3107: 2701: 2627:

approximately five-eighths mile wide by two miles long (1km × 3.2km). Whenever

2595: 2572: 1730:. The first two prototypes, XB-52 and YB-52, were both powered by experimental 1695: 1613: 1504: 1226: 633: 462: 458: 423: 10250: 8779:"Lower Than a Snake's Belly in a Wagon Rut Redux > Vintage Wings of Canada" 5303: 5123:, was in use by NASA, a civilian US government entity, until 17 December 2004. 3798:

The B-52G was proposed to extend the B-52's service life during delays in the

3569: 3047: 2409: 19014: 18117: 17297: 16988: 16616: 16516: 16461: 16276: 16196: 15630: 15567: 15557: 15552: 15505: 15456: 15399: 15369: 15307: 15302: 15262: 15242: 15133: 15128: 15118: 15113: 15108: 15103: 15098: 14941: 14849: 14839: 14783: 14732: 14696: 14610: 14483: 14238: 14233: 14228: 14223: 14218: 14213: 13933: 13388: 13383: 13378: 13328: 13064: 11840: 11823: 11390: 11363: 11336: 11253: 11001: 10970: 10363: 9964: 9112:"B-52 Crew Credits Arsenal, Loiter Capability During Operation Iraqi Freedom" 9096: 7317: 5103: 5085: 5007: 4997: 4962: 4916: 4767: 4637:

312,197 lb (141,610 kg), 47,975 U.S. gal (181,610 L)

4455: 4444: 4417: 4263: 4174: 4156: 4146: 4019: 3936: 3621: 3320:

A number of B-52s were deployed in airstrikes against the Taliban during the

3165: 3111: 3103: 3052: 3007: 2994: 2831: 2814: 2767: 2582: 1734:

turbojet engines with 8,700 pounds-force (39 kN) of static thrust each.

1645: 1605: 1493: 1362: 601: 574:

B-52H Stratofortress undergoing maintenance to its rudder with its fin folded

494: 314:(SAC) until it was disestablished in 1992 and its aircraft absorbed into the 299: 295: 228: 212: 58: 4372: 1559:(background), as a downloading takes place during Exercise GLOBAL SHIELD '84 395:

On 5 June 1946, Boeing's Model 462, a straight-wing aircraft powered by six

18982: 17987: 17349: 17249: 17167: 16672: 16576: 16303: 16298: 16288: 16146: 15962: 15884: 15848: 15798: 15625: 15592: 15572: 15547: 15520: 15515: 15495: 15473: 15466: 15342: 15287: 15282: 15237: 15232: 15227: 15222: 15185: 15143: 15138: 15123: 15093: 14996: 14823: 14630: 14615: 14543: 14538: 14533: 14473: 14397: 14352: 14286: 14120: 14113: 14103: 14098: 13973: 13923: 13888: 13883: 13858: 13848: 12969: 12544: 12529: 11930: 11893: 11640:

Atomic Audit: The Costs and Consequences of U.S. Nuclear Weapons since 1940

11156: 10955:

Dorr, Robert F (Summer 1990). "Stratofortress... The Big One from Boeing".

10891: 10305:"Spain, U.S. Agree to Radioactivity Cleanup 40 Years After Atomic Accident" 7079: 4610: 4459: 4353: 4345: 4185: 3996: 3799: 3259: 3203: 2990: 2933: 2925: 2892:(formerly AMARC), a desert storage facility often called the "Boneyard" at 2640: 2505: 2480:(SAMs) that could threaten high-altitude aircraft, seen in practice in the 2426: 2344: 1719: 1397: 1304: 1183: 1164: 1137: 629: 620:

was undertaken with Boeing test pilot Johnston and USAF Lieutenant Colonel

609: 419: 396: 78: 11572:

Journey in Aeronautical Research: A Career at NASA Langley Research Center

11371:

Lake, Jon (Summer 2003). "Boeing B-52 variants: Part 2 B-52D to 'B-52J'".

11104:

Futrell, R Frank; Greenhalgh, William H; Grubb, Carl; et al. (1976).

9697: 9636:(Report). FlightGlobal, part of DVV Media International. 2022. p. 33. 7787:"May 1960 – The U-2 Incident. – Soviet and American Statements." 7195:"Here are some of the upgrades coming to the US Air Force's oldest bomber" 7130:"The Air Force's B-52H Bomber Force Has Said Goodbye To Its Nuclear Bombs" 4109:, Texas, where it became a GB-52H maintenance trainer, never to fly again. 2425:(SAC) intended to use it to deter and counteract the vast and modernizing 18687: 18682: 18677: 18622: 18567: 18272: 18044: 16971: 16750: 16717: 16566: 16438: 16398: 16169: 16164: 16141: 15577: 15562: 15510: 15488: 15277: 15272: 15267: 15257: 15252: 15247: 15083: 14976: 14971: 14966: 14961: 14951: 14773: 14737: 14645: 14635: 14528: 14468: 14417: 14412: 14407: 14392: 14387: 14382: 14377: 14372: 14367: 14362: 14357: 14347: 14243: 14161: 14149: 14132: 14059: 13948: 13928: 13808: 13488: 13014: 13009: 12984: 12944: 12894: 12884: 12879: 12874: 12844: 12829: 12814: 12789: 12764: 12739: 12689: 12684: 12679: 12654: 12649: 12629: 12624: 12609: 12594: 12589: 12514: 12509: 12504: 12499: 12484: 12469: 12459: 12449: 12419: 12334: 12294: 12054: 6950:"Joint Laser Interoperability, Tomorrow's Answer to Precision Engagement" 6470: 6451:"Meet the 'New' B-52 Bomber: How This Old Plane Can Drop Even More Bombs" 5054: 4980: 4130:

Category:Accidents and incidents involving the Boeing B-52 Stratofortress

3791: 3658:

was introduced on this model. The belly of the aircraft was painted with

3251: 3157: 2968: 2960: 2913: 2766:

gunner believed to have shot down an enemy aircraft with machine guns in

2717: 2693: 2689: 2533: 1596: 1577: 1573: 1552: 645: 625: 450: 186: 11780:

Air War Over North Viet Nam; The Vietnamese People's Air Force 1949–1977

11623:. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History, United States Air Force. 11549:

Broken Arrow: The Declassified History of U.S. Nuclear Weapons Accidents

11517:

Mehuron, Tamar A., Assoc. Editor. "2007 USAF Almanac – Equipment."

9150:"This single Pentagon program is going to upend the combat jet industry" 7871: 7742:"Mutually Assured Destruction Revisited, Strategic Doctrine in Question" 7715: 7376:"US Air Force issues draft request for proposal to replace B-52 engines" 6577:"B-52 Will Get at Least One New Designation With Radar, Engine Upgrades" 5333:"The new B-52: How the Air Force is prepping to fly century-old bombers" 5132:

At least one B-52 aviator's father and grandfather also flew the bomber.

5088:

for accomplishing their round-the-world non-stop flight in January 1957.

4124:

List of accidents and incidents involving the Boeing B-52 Stratofortress

3594: 18379: 18192: 17608: 17586: 17332: 16433: 16428: 14798: 14763: 14681: 14625: 14564: 14342: 14337: 14197: 14192: 14187: 14144: 14139: 14127: 14093: 14054: 14049: 14044: 14039: 14020: 14015: 12904: 12744: 12464: 12389: 12384: 12374: 12349: 12254: 12084: 12027: 11375:. Vol. 9. Norwalk, CT, USA: AIRtime Publishing. pp. 100–115. 11348:. Vol. 8. Norwalk, CT, USA: AIRtime Publishing. pp. 106–121. 7692: 7051: 5236: 4819: 4770: 4425: 4278: 4204: 4166: 3867: 3679: 3306: 2320: 1790:

The USAF's 1997 rejection of reengining was subsequently disputed in a

1723: 1687: 1485: 1429: 1408: 1261: 1145: 1096: 556: 224: 4364:

mission to a military target about 25 miles (40 km) northwest of

3617:

delays, and at mid-year, there were still no combat-ready B-52 crews.

3230:

B-52s are periodically refurbished at USAF maintenance depots such as

3040:

From 2 to 3 September 1996, two B-52Hs conducted a mission as part of

2809: 2488:

penetration bomber during a foreseen attack upon the Soviet Union, as

2327: 18282: 18234: 18002: 16606: 14177: 12644: 12404: 12319: 12109: 11835:. No. 120. Stamford, Lincs, UK: Key Publishing. pp. 50–73. 11818:. No. 119. Stamford, Lincs, UK: Key Publishing. pp. 50–73. 11581:

The Naval Institute Guide to the Ships and Aircraft of the U.S. Fleet

10505:

NASA SP-468, Quest for performance: The evolution of modern aircraft.

10232:"Mather Vietnam-era pilot recounts survival of midair B-52 collision" 9461: 9288: 8975:

Information on the Cost-Effectiveness of B-1 and B-52 Support Options

7176:"To Make Way for Future Bomber, AF Plans to Retire B-1, B-2 in 2030s" 4406: 4285:, necessitating a descent to 10,000 feet (3,000 m) to lower the 4215: 3971: 3894: 3828: 3720:

One aircraft leased by General Electric to test TF39 and CF6 engines.

3543:

One XB-52 modified with some operational equipment and re-designated.

3142: 3003: 2945: 2739: 1780:

billion would not be realized and that reengining would instead cost

1753: 1722:. The careful arrangement of the pylons also allowed them to work as 1589: 1424: 1254: 1203: 1188: 1087:

roll-out ceremony on 18 March 1954, Air Force Chief of Staff General

399: 216: 10410:"October 16, 1984, USAF, Boeing B-52G (57-6479) Monument Valley, AZ" 10385:"October 16, 1984, USAF, Boeing B-52G (57-6479) Monument Valley, AZ" 8846:"Raytheon Wins Contract to Provide New AESA Radars to B-52 Aircraft" 7684: 6807: 6805: 6556:"New Image Shows How B-52 Will Look After Engine, Radar Replacement" 4908:

Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb

4397:

out of Seymour Johnson AFB and a KC-135 Stratotanker (61-0273) over

4210:

On 19 January 1961, B-52B (53‑0390), call sign "Felon 22", from the

4155:

On 11 February 1958, B-52D (56-0610) crashed short of the runway at

1612:

pylons could. Thirty B-52Gs were further modified to carry up to 12

1608:

weapon; however, the missile was canceled due to development costs.

11601:

The Limits of Safety: Organizations, Accidents, and Nuclear Weapons

6663: 5922: 5581: 4974: 4863: 4826: 4808: 4678: 3954: 3946:

operates 72 aircraft of the original 744 B-52 aircraft as of 2022.

3859: 3851: 3646:

research until 17 December 2004, making it the oldest flying B-52B.

3553: 3255: 3235: 3139: 3135: 3115: 2879: 2759: 2668: 2441: 2404: 1683: 1419: 1288: 1280: 1108: 570: 528: 236: 220: 11480:

MiG Killers: A Chronology of US Air Victories in Vietnam 1965–1973

11103: 10753:. Windsor, Berkshire, UK: Profile Publications. pp. 241–265. 8942:"'Ghost Rider' in the sky: B-52 departs Tinker in historic flight" 8827:"U.S. Air Force B-52s train with U.S. Navy P-8s in East China Sea" 8735:

Cook, Donald G; Horne, Charles H; Manning, Walter W (March 1987).

8195: 7764: 7209:"Boeing B-52 Stratofortress Airplane Videos and Airplane Pictures" 6471:"USAF B-52 Bomber Internal Weapons Bay to Increase its Capability" 6320: 5711: 2437:(SIOP), a plan of action in the case of nuclear war breaking out. 1440: 18780: 18775: 18327: 17800: 11917: 9965:"Accident Boeing B-52D-75-BO Stratofortress 56-0610, 11 Feb 1958" 6802: 6679: 5308:(Television production). Wings. Discovery Channel. 17 April 2019. 5120: 4605: 4562: 4558: 4410: 4099: 3823: 3808: 3639: 3600: 2863: 2787: 2725: 2571:

except for one bomber with electrical problems that recovered to

1327: 1150: 613: 560: 11242:

Isby, David C (December 2018). "B-52: Setting course for 2050".

8737:

B-52 Maritime Operation: The Anti-Surface Warfare Mission (ASUW)

7984: 7982: 5791: 2884: 2731:

On 24 December 1972, during the same bombing campaign, the B-52

2635:... in the vicinity of Saigon, the city woke from the tremor... 1648:

missile. The CEM program also introduced new radios, integrated

505: 17953: 16423: 16313: 11987: 11169:. Vol. 72, no. 2547. pp. 771–778. Archived from 8499: 8386: 7840: 5683: 5490: 3817: 3782: 3036:, California as part of the Heavy-lift Airborne Launch program. 2964: 2917: 2803: 2763: 2660: 2286:

have been adjusted for inflation to the current calendar year.

1444:

A view of the lower deck of the B-52, dubbed the battle station

1381: 481: 411: 193: 98: 10132: 9269:(Press release). U.S. Department of Defense. 13 February 2018. 9197:"US flies B-52 bombers near disputed islands claimed by China" 8459: 8457: 7402:"Rolls-Royce Wins B-52 Reengining Program Worth $ 2.6 Billion" 6425:"CONECT: B-52H Reach Digital Age with Communications Upgrades" 4145:

The fourth crash occurred 42 days later on 10 January 1957 in

3327:

In 2022, the US Air Force used a B-52 as a platform to test a

3317:

on pro-government forces in eastern Syria on 7 February 2018.

2324:

routine checkups, taking an average of one week per aircraft.

384:

issued bid invitations for these specifications, with Boeing,

18662: 17399: 10112:

Joint Nuclear Accident Co-ordinating Center: Record of Events

9592: 9590: 9230:"B-52s arrive in Qatar to join bombing campaign against ISIS" 8654: 8593: 8511: 7979: 7861: 7859: 6348: 4944: 4802: 3871: 3843:

A Boeing B-52H Stratofortress in flight over the Persian Gulf

2664: 1448:

Ongoing problems with avionics systems were addressed in the

381: 11799:"US Air Force cancels SAM-jamming EB-52 for the second time" 11444:. Vol. 27. Blue Ridge Summit, Pennsylvania: Tab Books. 7015: 6817: 6715: 6713: 6700: 6698: 6571: 6569: 6422: 6030: 6028: 5858:"B-52 Design: Dayton Hotel Birthplace of jet-powered Bomber" 4536:

2006. A second B-52H can be seen in flight in the background

2908:. Starting on 16 January 1991, a flight of B-52Gs flew from 1239:, and a B-52 Stratofortress flying in formation at the 2017 18667: 11461:

The Eleven Days of Christmas: America's Last Vietnam Battle

8454: 8282: 8206: 8204: 8162: 8160: 8158: 7908: 6497: 6283: 6281: 5417: 5415: 5413: 5263: 5215: 4357: 4090: 3643: 3293:

On 9 April 2016, an undisclosed number of B-52s arrived at

3060: 2783: 2649: 2603: 1756:

with a maximum thrust of 17,100 pounds-force (76 kN).

1508: 1365:

certified the B-52H as fully approved to use the FT blend.

1347: 1330:

to investigate structural failures, still flying after its

1175: 112: 16103: 10791:. Aircraft in Profile. Vol. 13. New York: Brassey's. 10715:

U.S. Military Aircraft Designations and Serials since 1909

10034: 9587: 8179: 8177: 8175: 7856: 7828: 7477: 6967: 6855: 4281:, California, carrying two nuclear weapons experienced an 4138:

In 1956, there were three crashes in eight months, all at

3766: 3196:

were retired and were in the "boneyard" of 309th AMARG at

3070:

began, B-52 bombers bombarded Serb targets throughout the

1174:

million. The 1760 IWBU will allow the B-52 to carry eight

11851:(The Aviation Factfile). London: Grange Books plc, 2006. 11847:

Winchester, Jim, ed. "Boeing B-52 Stratofortress (SAC)".

11528:

Convair B-58 Hustler: The World's First Supersonic Bomber

10903:. Carrollton, Texas: Squadron/Signal Publications, 1992. 10749:

Bowers, Peter M (1973). "Boeing B-52A/H Stratofortress".

10683:(Second ed.). New York: Cambridge University Press. 8624: 8579:"Past Projects: B-52 Heavy-lift Airborne Launch Aircraft" 8442: 7574: 7572: 7506: 7504: 7039: 7003: 6867: 6710: 6695: 6566: 6230: 6025: 5950: 5898: 5739: 5454: 5427: 3734: 3278:

Northrop Grumman was awarded a contract in October 2015.

1667:

nuclear gravity bombs to B-52, and later listed only the

1481: 11519:

Air Force Magazine: Journal of the Air Force Association

11264:

B-1 Lancer: The Most Complicated Warplane Ever Developed

10468:"U.S. B-52 bomber with 6 crew members crashes off Guam." 9518: 9516: 9451: 9449: 9178:"Northrop Grumman Wins $ 21.4 Billion Pentagon Contract" 9158:

The program will produce 80 to 100 aircraft (at roughly

8957:"'Wise Guy' flies again: B-52 resurrected from Boneyard" 8489:"Boeing B-52 evolves again with guided weapons launcher" 8201: 8155: 8143: 8131: 8036: 8034: 8032: 8030: 8028: 7943: 7915: 7547: 7545: 7543: 6278: 6254: 6208: 6206: 6121: 6119: 6117: 5444: 5442: 5410: 3931:

Boeing NB-52B "Balls 8" at Dryden Flight Research Center

3790:(formerly Griffiss Air Force Base). Also pictured is an 3604:(lower) and its replacement B-52H on the flight line at 1187:

aircraft carried these munitions externally on the wing

1167:) and rotary launcher. IWBU is expected to cost roughly 595:

First flight of the B-52 Stratofortress on 15 April 1952

8172: 8069:"B-52 Downed by the North; First of the War, U.S. Says" 7955: 7650: 7336:"Defense Science Board Task Force on B-52H Re-Engining" 6725: 6625: 6613: 6310: 6308: 5357: 5355: 5353: 5160: 5158: 4520: 3338:

reported that the USAF intended to deploy six B-52s at

1326:

B-52H (AF Ser. No. 61-23), configured at the time as a

269:. A veteran of several wars, the B-52 has dropped only 11286:. Aerofax Datagraph 7. Arlington, Texas: Aerofax Inc. 11066:

Eden, Paul, ed. (2004). "Boeing B-52 Stratofortress".

10285: 9614: 9503: 9501: 9499: 9434: 9397: 9362: 9352: 9350: 9348: 9335: 9333: 8547: 8469: 8374: 8362: 8228: 8221: 8219: 7994: 7620: 7608: 7584: 7569: 7557: 7528: 7501: 7467: 7465: 7426:"It's Official: The Re-Engined B-52 Will be the B-52J" 7226: 7104:"B-52 Bomber No Longer Delivers Nuclear Gravity Bombs" 7027: 6991: 6766:"B-52 flight uses synthetic fuel in all eight engines" 6601: 6242: 5986: 4799:

and high resolution low-light-level television sensors

4513:

3-view line drawing of the Boeing B-52H Stratofortress

4501:

3-view line drawing of the Boeing B-52D Stratofortress

3827:; the last B-52G, number 58-224, was dismantled under 2712:. The MiG exploded aft of the bomber, as confirmed by 1377:

recovery. The aircraft has a relatively small, narrow

608:

as the pilot. A 2-hour, 21-minute proving flight from

10163: 9513: 9446: 9387: 9385: 9383: 9381: 9379: 9377: 8559: 8025: 7795: 7596: 7540: 7516: 7489: 7264: 7067: 6879: 6266: 6203: 6191: 6179: 6167: 6155: 6143: 6131: 6114: 6102: 6090: 6066: 5974: 5962: 5938: 5838: 5826: 5727: 5699: 5621: 5609: 5597: 5569: 5533: 5523: 5521: 5439: 3287:

claiming jurisdiction within a 12-mile exclusion zone

2590:

Beginning in late 1965, a number of B-52Ds underwent

2484:, the intended use of B-52 was changed to serve as a 2331:

Three B-52Bs of the 93rd Bomb Wing prepare to depart

1507:, a high-resolution forward-looking infrared sensor ( 1103:... today this B-52 is the long rifle of the air age. 30:"B-52" and "BUFF" redirect here. For other uses, see 11087:

Proud to Be: My Life, The Air Force, The Controversy

10273: 9131:"Why Can't the Air Force Build an Affordable Plane?" 8809:"Transforming the B-52 into a Maritime Patrol Plane" 8761:"These Madmen Flew B-52 Bombers at Wave-Top Heights" 7313:"Air Force widens review of B-52 reengining options" 7252:

proposal, Boeing estimated the Air Force would save

6305: 6293: 5400:"I'll Be Damned, These Boneyard B-52s Can Still Fly" 5350: 5155: 4926: 11782:. Carrollton, Texas: Squadron/Signal Publications. 11422:

B-52 Stratofortress Units in Operation Desert Storm

11032:. Carrollton, Texas: Squadron/Signal Publications. 9602: 9496: 9345: 9330: 9259: 9141: 8877:Warrick, Joby; Pincus, Walter (23 September 2007). 8614:"Ghost village marks the battle that ended the war" 8535: 8523: 8350: 8216: 8119: 7967: 7462: 6979: 6646:"The U.S. Air Force's Last Tail Gunner Has Retired" 6379: 5312: 4969:

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

11763:. Basingstoke, Hampshire, UK: Palgrave Macmillan. 10863:Cordesman, Anthony H.; Wagner, Abraham R. (1996). 10708:. Vol. 162, no. 11. pp. 98–99, 174. 9374: 8690:The Increasing Maritime Role of the U.S. Air Force 6336: 6218: 6078: 5910: 5557: 5545: 5518: 5506: 5478: 5466: 5177: 5175: 5173: 5053:"Fellow" is substituted for "Fuck" or "Fucker" in 4901:A B-52 carrying nuclear weapons was a key part of 3626:Seven B-52Bs were brought to B-52C standard under 2794:, California. Another of the remaining B Models, " 11986: 9692: 9690: 9688: 9558:"Last B-52G eliminated under nuclear arms treaty" 9085:"After 60 Years, B-52s Still Dominate U.S. Fleet" 6842: 6788:"SECAF certifies synthetic fuel blends for B-52H" 6494:"B-52 upgrade to increase smart-weapons capacity" 5035:List of military electronics of the United States 3915:List of B-52 Units of the United States Air Force 19012: 11678:The Politics of Strategic Aircraft Modernization 11521:, Volume 90, Number 5, May 2007. ISSN 0730-6784. 11140:. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution NASM. 10482: 10352:"RESCUERS SEEK B-52 CREWMAN AFTER ARIZONA CRASH" 10033:Bennett, Lee; Wangelin, Gray (1 February 2012). 9025:"Sixty years on, the B-52 is still going strong" 8734: 7121: 6901:"Computers in Spaceflight: The NASA Experience." 3266:cost per hour of flight is more than the B-1B's 3145:(V)1 radar to replace its mechanically scanning 2614:in Thailand so that refueling was not required. 586: 375:, and a six-man relief crew. It was required to 219:engines to the final prototype YB-52 with eight 11720:Development of the B-52: The Wright Field Story 11642:. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press. 11496: 11310:. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. 11108:. Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. 10862: 10717:. Hinckley, UK: Midland Counties Publications. 10032: 8900:"Wing decertified, COs sacked for nuke mistake" 8505: 7419: 7417: 7415: 7259:billion by leasing the new engines for 71 B-52s 5638: 5636: 5170: 4890: 4714:10,145 mi (16,327 km, 8,816 nmi) 3624:. The pod required only four hours to install. 3093: 2843:targets without entering the terminal defenses. 2579:troops involved in the post-strike inspection. 1714:USAF B-52H Stratofortress TF33 turbofan engines 1619:each, while 12 B-52Gs were fitted to carry the 1191:. This increases the number of guided weapons ( 535:On Thursday, 21 October 1948, Boeing engineers 243:missions, the B-52 Stratofortress replaced the 204:of around 8,800 miles (14,200 km) without 11583:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. 11546: 11011:B-52 Stratofortress: Boeing's Cold War Warrior 10940:. Etobicoke, Ontario, Canada: Prospero Books. 10731: 10679:Abzug, Malcolm J; Larrabee, E. Eugene (2002). 10473: 10138: 9685: 9053: 8463: 5786:. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Air University Press. 5020:List of active United States military aircraft 4708:8,800 mi (14,200 km, 7,600 nmi) 4543:Knaack, USAF fact sheet, Quest for Performance 4199:On 15 December 1960, B-52D (55‑0098) from the 3552:(53 cm) nose extension accommodated more 2357:National Museum of Nuclear Science and History 1297:B-52 Stability Augmentation and Flight Control 16089: 15754: 15023: 14302: 11972: 11547:Oskins, James C; Maggelet, Michael H (2008). 11497:McCarthy, James R; Allison, George B (1985). 11281: 11180:Flying American Combat Aircraft: The Cold War 10921:. Eden Prairie, Ontario: Boston Mills Press. 10914: 10678: 10642:"Why We Celebrated the Beehive and Its Maker" 10187:WHILBR: Western Maryland's Historical Library 10183:"B-52 bomber crash in Western Maryland, 1964" 9713: 9711: 8876: 8660: 8599: 8517: 8313:Wings Over the Rockies Air & Space Museum 8105: 7988: 6823: 6811: 6048:"The Boeing Logbook: 1952–1956 15 April 1952" 5229: 4947:– airborne computer built by IBM for the B-52 4919:was subsequently named after this hairstyle. 4247:On 24 January 1961, B-52G (58‑0187) from the 4180:On 15 October 1959, B-52F (57‑0036) from the 2868:Aerospace Maintenance and Regeneration Center 2554:. In March 1965, the United States commenced 1815:, and the Rolls-Royce BR725 to be designated 1773:concluded that Boeing's estimated savings of 14316: 11923:"Boeing B-52 – the Strategic Stratofortress" 11661:. Havertown: Pen & Sword Books Limited. 11482:. North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press. 11248:. Vol. 95, no. 6. pp. 36–41. 11201:. North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press. 10918:Aviation Century: War & Peace In The Air 9122: 8742:(Report). Airforce University. AD-A186 624. 8695:(Report). Airforce University. AD-A217 654. 8279:"End of an Era: NASA's Famous B-52B Retires" 7911:Historical Staff, Office of Policy Analysis. 7443: 7412: 6947: 6423:Defense Industry Daily staff (12 May 2014). 5633: 4481:List of displayed Boeing B-52 Stratofortress 3207:B-52H "Ghost Rider" leaving the "bone yard". 2594:modifications to increase bomb capacity for 1702:will join the B-52 inventory in the future. 1388:control authority. Originally an all-moving 497:" style canopy, similar to Boeing's earlier 306:), and about 12 in long-term storage at the 27:US Air Force strategic bomber (1955–present) 11401:B-52 Stratofortress Units in Combat 1955–73 11397: 11009:Dorr, Robert F; Peacock, Lindsay T (2000). 11008: 10847:. Nashville, Tennessee: Turner Publishing. 10635: 10633: 9903:The New Brunswick Military Heritage Project 9596: 9579:"A roaring farewell at Wurtsmith air base." 8687: 8346:. (Idaho). (Los Angeles Times). p. 3C. 8137: 7716:"The Airborne Alert Program Over Greenland" 6768:. United States Air Force. 16 December 2006 6011:. New York: Bantam. pp. 167, 176–177. 4696:650 mph (1,050 km/h, 560 kn) 2975:. Shortly following this incident, General 2800:Wings Over the Rockies Air and Space Museum 2777: 1418:B-52s prior to the G models had very small 1303:) in 1967. Fuel leaks due to deteriorating 1287:. This was followed by a fuselage skin and 16096: 16082: 15761: 15747: 15030: 15016: 14309: 14295: 11979: 11965: 11937:"Special Feature: The B-52 Stratofortress" 11161:"Boeing B-52:The Strategic Stratofortress" 10977: 10577: 10575: 10573: 10571: 10569: 10567: 10565: 10563: 10561: 10307:. Fox News. 8 October 2006. Archived from 10010: 10008: 9989: 9987: 9985: 9941: 9939: 9937: 9875: 9873: 9871: 9869: 9708: 9649: 9647: 9645: 9643: 9301: 8688:Autry, Dale; Norton, Donald G (May 1989). 8426: 8424: 7739: 7127: 7101: 7089: 7057: 7021: 6643: 5884:"Historical Snapshot: B-52 Stratofortress" 5397: 5237:"B-52 Heavy-lift Airborne Launch Aircraft" 5030:Accidents and incidents involving the B-52 4681:, 17,000 lbf (76 kN) thrust each 4532:Boeing B-52H static display with weapons, 3305:. The B-52s took over heavy bombing after 3125:Recent expansion and modernization of the 2790:" which was eventually retired in 2004 at 2655:The zenith of B-52 attacks in Vietnam was 2610:. In spring 1967, B-52s began flying from 2339:On 21 May 1956, a B-52B (52-13) dropped a 1834:engines will be redesignated as "B-52Js". 11777: 11740:B-47 Stratojet: Boeing's Brilliant Bomber 11503:. Darby, Pennsylvania: DIANE Publishing. 11282:Jenkins, Dennis R; Rogers, Brian (1990). 11135: 10965:. Bromley, Kent, UK: Pilot Press: 22–37. 10823: 10069: 9765: 9763: 9761: 9626: 8930:, 15 April 2011. Retrieved 15 April 2011. 8672: 8234: 8113: 8089:"First B-52 shot down over North Vietnam" 7881: 7668: 7369: 7367: 6896: 6894: 6401:"Air Force Begins Massive B-52 Overhaul." 6396: 6394: 5421: 4792:Electro-optical viewing system that uses 4702:509 mph (819 km/h, 442 kn) 4485: 4273:On 14 March 1961, B-52F (57‑0166) of the 2663:and dropped 15,237 tons of bombs on 2355:. This aircraft now is on display at the 1578:Boeing AGM-86 Air Launched Cruise Missile 1461:capability of the B-52 was expanded with 559:, eight engines paired in four underwing 15053:bomber designations, Army/Air Force and 11891:Boeing B-52G Stratofortress Cutaway from 11675: 11637: 11618: 11565: 11477: 11458: 11068:Encyclopedia of Modern Military Aircraft 10986:. London: Aerospace Publishing: 54–101. 10697: 10630: 10606: 10345: 10343: 10248: 10229: 9536:"Final B-52G eliminated under New START" 9467: 9082: 8392: 8331: 8210: 8183: 8166: 8149: 7961: 7921: 6790:. United States Air Force. 7 August 2007 6731: 6004: 5776: 5663: 5643: 5206: 5204: 5202: 5200: 5198: 5196: 4897:Aircraft in fiction, B-52 Stratofortress 4527: 4519: 4403:B-28 FI 1.45-megaton-range nuclear bombs 4393:occurred between a B-52G (58‑0256) from 4371: 4229: 3926: 3918: 3838: 3781: 3765: 3678: 3593: 3568: 3222:B-52 "Wise Guy" leaving the "bone yard". 3217: 3202: 3164: 3156: 3046: 3032:One additional B-52H is used by NASA at 2883: 2808: 2678: 2581: 2537: 2408: 2326: 1709: 1562: 1546: 1534: 1439: 1321: 1217: 590: 569: 504: 480: 453:. Noting stability and control problems 11918:B-52 Stratofortress Association website 11830: 11813: 11796: 11756: 11656: 11442:B-52 Stratofortress in Detail and Scale 11260: 11155: 11027: 10865:The Lessons of Modern War: The Gulf War 10732:Arana-Barradas, Louis A (1 June 2001). 10712: 10558: 10279: 10207:Collins, Craig K. (26 September 2016). 10206: 10150: 10045: 10005: 9982: 9934: 9916: 9866: 9854:. Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives 9822:"NASA B-52H #025 Makes its Last Flight" 9672: 9640: 9620: 9483: 9440: 9409: 9403: 9368: 8897: 8630: 8475: 8448: 8421: 8380: 8368: 7770: 7656: 7244: 7232: 7192: 7009: 6873: 6838: 6836: 6834: 6832: 6385: 6358: 6326: 6248: 5860:. Boeing. 11 April 2002. Archived from 5757: 5686:"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–" 5398:Trevithick, Joseph (19 February 2015). 5387:from the original on 25 September 2021. 5261: 3329:Hypersonic Air-breathing Weapon Concept 3270:cost per hour, but less than the B-2's 3238:. Even while the USAF works on the new 3152: 2904:B-52 strikes were an important part of 14: 19013: 11908:B-52 Stratofortress history on fas.org 11737: 11578: 11524: 11300: 11215: 11196: 11177: 11122: 11046: 10935: 10886:. New York: Dodd, Mead & Company. 10842: 10767: 10748: 10291: 10104: 9758: 9653: 9471: 9339: 9246: 9194: 9147: 9109: 9062:"Third generation B-52 flight officer" 8994: 8939: 8749:from the original on 22 December 2019. 8702:from the original on 25 December 2019. 8611: 8565: 8529: 8356: 8337: 8276: 8109: 8040: 8012: 8000: 7949: 7877: 7865: 7834: 7713: 7626: 7614: 7602: 7590: 7578: 7563: 7534: 7510: 7483: 7471: 7449: 7423: 7399: 7364: 7193:Insinna, Valerie (15 September 2020). 7173: 7128:Trevithick, Joseph (19 January 2020). 7033: 6997: 6973: 6963:from the original on 13 February 2011. 6922: 6891: 6885: 6861: 6743: 6719: 6704: 6689: 6673: 6631: 6619: 6607: 6533: 6514: 6481:from the original on 11 December 2022. 6448: 6391: 6272: 6236: 6212: 6197: 6185: 6173: 6161: 6149: 6137: 6125: 6108: 6096: 6072: 6034: 5980: 5968: 5956: 5944: 5928: 5904: 5850: 5745: 5717: 5603: 5591: 5575: 5539: 5500: 5460: 5448: 5433: 5164: 4732:120 lb/sq ft (586 kg/m) 4474: 4071:– Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana 3999:– Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana 2292: 16077: 15742: 15011: 14290: 11960: 11694: 11597: 11551:. Raleigh, North Carolina: Lulu.com. 11439: 11370: 11343: 11084: 10881: 10806: 10786: 10658: 10639: 10528:"Upgraded B-52 still on cutting edge" 10435:"West Point Association of Graduates" 10340: 10261:from the original on 17 November 2021 10249:Martinez, Raoul (26 September 2016). 10169: 10153:"The Day Ciudad Juarez Was Shot Down" 9832:from the original on 20 November 2008 9522: 9455: 9391: 9059: 8984:. September 1997. GAO/NSIAD-97-210BR. 8954: 8843: 8712: 7850: 7813: 7801: 7774: 7551: 7522: 7495: 7270: 7154: 7073: 7045: 6685: 6504:from the original on 8 February 2023. 6330: 6314: 6299: 6287: 6260: 5992: 5684:Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. 5369:from the original on 2 November 2022. 5330: 5318: 5262:Sanders, Gordon F (20 January 2018). 5193: 5057:or sanitized versions of the acronym. 4380:that fell into the sea recovered off 4051:– Edwards Air Force Base, California 3649:It was replaced by a modified B-52H. 2873: 2696:were credited with shooting down two 1521:General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon 1346:(FT) synthetic fuel and conventional 192:. The B-52 was designed and built by 11716: 11566:Phillips, W Hewitt (November 1998). 11418: 11324: 11304:Post-World War II Bombers, 1945–1973 11241: 11065: 10954: 10618:from the original on 1 February 2010 9745:Air Force Historical Research Agency 9608: 9507: 9417:"B-52B "Mothership" Launch Aircraft" 9356: 8898:Hoffman, Michael (21 October 2007). 8644:"Smart Bombs Keep B-52s In Business" 8553: 8541: 8411:Air Force Historical Research Agency 8340:"Prepared for an unscheduled flight" 8248:"Cambodia is a key to Vietnam peace" 8125: 7973: 7846: 7373: 7085: 7061: 6985: 6948:Neuenswander, David (28 June 2001). 6829: 6669: 6517:"The B-52 gets upgraded weapons bay" 6354: 6342: 6224: 6084: 5932: 5916: 5844: 5832: 5804: 5733: 5721: 5705: 5627: 5615: 5587: 5563: 5551: 5527: 5512: 5496: 5484: 5472: 4117: 3281:On 12 November 2015, the B-52 began 2674: 2500:modification program (also known as 2476:Due to the late 1950s-era threat of 493:behind). Note original tandem-seat " 360:Models 464-49 (1949) to B-52A (1952) 19036:1950s United States bomber aircraft 11880:Boeing B-52G Stratofortress Cutaway 11500:Linebacker II: A View from the Rock 10119:United States Department of Defense 9213: 9195:Weaver, Dustin (12 November 2015). 9128: 9060:Ogden, Eloise (19 September 2011). 8789:from the original on 20 August 2023 8338:Seiler, Michael (29 January 1978). 7174:Pawlyk, Oriana (12 February 2018). 7155:Raatz, Joseph (20 September 2013). 6925:Upgraded B-52 Still on Cutting Edge 6491: 5331:Losey, Stephen (12 February 2024). 4849:AN/ALQ-153 - Northrop Grumman tail 4589:185 ft 0 in (56.4 m) 4583:159 ft 4 in (48.5 m) 4416:On 16 October 1984, a B-52G out of 2421:When the B-52 entered service, the 1811:turbofans, Pratt & Whitney its 1686:Air-Launched Rapid Response (ARRW) 1279:reskinning, completed in 1977. The 1207:Active electronically scanned array 24: 11463:. San Francisco: Encounter Books. 11237:from the original on 1 April 2012. 10938:The Encyclopedia of World Aircraft 10915:Dick, Ron; Patterson, Dan (2006). 10867:. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press. 10772:(Third ed.). London: Putnam. 10349: 9564:. 28 December 2013. Archived from 9083:Philipps, Dave (5 December 2015). 9043:"Three Generations of B-52 Airmen" 8940:Parker, John (30 September 2016). 8612:Steele, Johnathan (17 July 1999). 8404: 7760:from the original on 7 March 2022. 7740:Parrington, Alan J (Winter 1997). 7400:Tirpak, John (24 September 2021). 6746:"Who Will Bell the Invisible CAT?" 6644:Trevithick, Joseph (12 May 2017). 4726:6,270 ft/min (31.85 m/s) 4601:4,000 sq ft (370 m) 4595:40 ft 8 in (12.4 m) 4430:Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park 3303:military intervention against ISIL 3175:Military intervention against ISIL 2710:.50 (12.7 mm) caliber machine guns 2700:. On 18 December 1972 tail gunner 1759: 1638:Wind Corrected Munitions Dispenser 1525:McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II 1368: 441:to the Secretary of the Air Force 346:Models 462 (1946) to 464-35 (1948) 25: 19057: 15931:Strategic reconnaissance sequence 15773:designations, Army/Air Force and 11867: 11849:Military Aircraft of the Cold War 11797:Trimble, Stephen (3 March 2009). 11398:Lake, Jon; Styling, Mark (2004). 11051:. London: Arms and Armour Press. 11013:. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. 10807:Boyne, Walter J (November 1982). 10744:from the original on 8 July 2012. 10698:Anderton, David (November 1985). 10230:Lindelof, Bill (7 October 2016). 10219:from the original on 9 June 2019. 10151:Paredes, Martin (18 March 2021). 10077:Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 9673:Gonsier, Benjamin (29 May 2013). 9302:Liebermann, Oren (4 April 2022). 8673:Cenciotti, David (14 June 2015). 8436:Federation of American Scientists 8277:Creech, Gray (14 December 2004). 7108:Federation Of American Scientists 6515:Szondy, David (23 January 2015). 5189:from the original on 31 May 2021. 4872:AN/ALR-20A - Radar warning system 4631:488,000 lb (221,323 kg) 4625:265,000 lb (120,000 kg) 4098:1 modified ex-USAF NB-52B (52-8) 3964:49th Test and Evaluation Squadron 1582:General Dynamics AGM-109 Tomahawk 1178:2,000-pound (910 kg) bombs, 11913:B-52 profile on AerospaceWeb.org 11885: 10652: 10600: 10543: 10521: 10518:, 1985. Retrieved 22 April 2006. 10496: 10461: 10445: 10427: 10402: 10377: 10315: 10297: 10242: 10223: 10200: 10175: 10144: 10063: 10026: 9957: 9891: 9844: 9814: 9802:from the original on 7 July 2016 9796:"Where Are They Now: B-52B #008" 9788: 9733: 9666: 9654:Heflin, Lindsey (27 July 2022). 9572: 9550: 9528: 9477: 9310: 9295: 9273: 9240: 9222: 9207: 9188: 9170: 9103: 9076: 9035: 9017: 8995:Hebert, Adam J (February 2007). 8988: 8967: 8948: 8933: 8910: 8891: 8870: 8856: 8844:Machi, Vivienne (11 July 2019). 8837: 8819: 8801: 8771: 8753: 8728: 8706: 8681: 8666: 8636: 8605: 8571: 8481: 8398: 8301: 8270: 8254:. 24 August 1973. Archived from 8240: 8081: 8061: 8046: 8006: 7927: 7887: 7807: 7790:Keesing's Record of World Events 7780: 7733: 7707: 7662: 7632: 7450:Tirpak, John (21 January 2019). 7424:Tirpak, John A. (5 April 2023). 7393: 7328: 7305: 7291:Government Accountability Office 7276: 7238: 7201: 7186: 7167: 7148: 7102:Kristensen, Hans (25 May 2017). 7095: 6941: 6923:Hopper, David. (31 March 2008). 6916: 6780: 6758: 6534:Osborn, Kris (7 February 2017). 6371:"USAF Radar Jamming Technology." 6008:Tex Johnston, Jet-Age Test Pilot 5135: 5126: 5113: 5091: 5084:The 93rd Bomb Wing received the 5078: 5069: 4929: 4832:dispenser (12 systems installed) 4619:185,000 lb (83,250 kg) 4506: 4494: 2888:Retired B-52s are stored at the 2435:Single Integrated Operation Plan 2235:Maintenance cost per flying hour 1843:Costs per aircraft (US dollars) 1496:, was the B-52's main computer. 1120:, where they were fully tested. 1099:was the great weapon of its day. 485:XB-52 prototype on flight line ( 476: 353: 339: 51: 11216:Holder, William G (July 1978). 11136:Greenwood, John T, ed. (1995). 10671: 10121:. 14 April 1961. Archived from 10035:"USA B52 last flight. Felon 22" 9660:Air Force Global Strike Command 9247:Pawlyk, Oriana (29 July 2016). 7720:The Nuclear Information Project 7430:Air & Space Forces Magazine 7374:Reim, Garrett (27 April 2020). 7157:"Upgrade gives B-52 more teeth" 6744:Tinker, Frank A (August 1969). 6737: 6637: 6587: 6548: 6527: 6508: 6492:Ray, Mike W. (8 January 2014). 6485: 6463: 6442: 6416: 6364: 6040: 5998: 5876: 5798: 5777:Mandeles, Mark D (March 1998). 5770: 5751: 5391: 5373: 5324: 5060: 4851:missile approach warning system 4842:AN/ALQ-122 - Motorola multiple 4839:dispenser (8 systems installed) 3992:Air Force Global Strike Command 3824:Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty 3786:A static B-52G that resides at 3699:modification added the Phase V 3211:In February 2015, hull 61-0007 3161:B-52 taking off from Tinker AFB 3029:at the USAF Flight Test Center. 2864:Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty 2851:penetration at lower altitudes. 2756:United States Air Force Academy 2754:is preserved on display at the 2617:B-52s were employed during the 2586:B-52F dropping bombs on Vietnam 2522:General Dynamics F-111 Aardvark 2351:. It was the first air-dropped 2297: 1517:McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet 320:Air Force Global Strike Command 15908:Reconnaissance/strike sequence 11698:Modern Fighting Aircraft, B-1B 11604:. Princeton University Press. 11568:"Chapter 13: Gust Alleviation" 11478:McCarthy, Donald J Jr (2009). 11373:International Air Power Review 11346:International Air Power Review 11301:Knaack, Marcelle Size (1988). 11123:Garvey, William (March 1999). 10751:Aircraft in Profile, Volume 13 10681:Airplane Stability and Control 10659:Riggs, Ransom (20 July 2007). 10612:"Checkup with Dr. Strangelove" 10098:10.1080/00963402.1975.11458238 9214:Yan, Holly (10 January 2016). 9110:Cortes, Lorenzo (9 May 2003). 8955:Losey, Stephen (17 May 2019). 8053:"Reds Down First B-52 of War." 8013:Nguyen, Tin (21 August 2018). 5296: 5274: 5255: 5047: 4855:AN/ALQ-155 - Northrop Grumman 4720:50,000 ft (15,000 m) 4293:15 miles (24 km) west of 4252:broke up in midair and crashed 4238:nuclear bombs involved in the 4095:Dryden Flight Research Center 3811:were also eliminated, and the 3788:Griffiss International Airport 3072:Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 3051:A B-52H Stratofortress of the 2938:British Indian Ocean Territory 2527: 1572:The ability to carry up to 20 410:million to build a full-scale 325: 13: 1: 11945:Air & Space Power Journal 11598:Sagan, Scott Douglas (1995). 11425:. London: Osprey Publishing. 11404:. London: Osprey Publishing. 11284:Boeing B-52G/H Stratofortress 11030:B-52 Stratofortress in action 10901:B-52 Stratofortress in action 10661:"A history of bad hairstyles" 10640:Weber, Bruce (15 June 2016). 10072:"Big Bangs from little bombs" 10070:Schneider, Barry (May 1975). 9486:"Boeing B-52E Stratofortress" 9148:Dillow, Clay (5 March 2015). 8866:. Raytheon. 12 February 2020. 8432:"B-52 Stratofortress History" 7816:"A Full Retaliatory Response" 6957:Air & Space Power Journal 6581:Air and Space Forces Magazine 6560:Air and Space Forces Magazine 6449:Osborn, Kris (6 March 2018). 6005:Johnston, A.M. "Tex" (1992). 5758:Baugher, Joe (30 June 2000). 5363:"Facts Sheets: 2nd Bomb Wing" 5148: 4815:Sniper Advanced Targeting Pod 4310:New Mexico Air National Guard 3959:Eglin Air Force Base, Florida 3923:Dryden NB-52B launch aircraft 3127:People's Liberation Army Navy 3034:Dryden Flight Research Center 2518:North American XB-70 Valkyrie 2367:Boeing KC-97 Stratofreighters 587:Pre-production and production 310:. The bombers flew under the 256:North American XB-70 Valkyrie 19041:Aircraft first flown in 1952 15783:Army/Air Force main sequence 11638:Schwartz, Stephen I (1998). 11459:Marshall, L. Michel (2002). 10555:. Retrieved 7 February 2010. 9484:Baugher, Joe (1 July 2000). 9287:. 8 August 2021 – via 9129:Axe, David (26 March 2012). 8864:"New eyes for an old friend" 8713:Grant, Rebecca (June 2015). 8407:"325 Weapons Squadron (ACC)" 7814:Jones, Tom (November 2005). 6845:"Boeing B-52 Stratofortress" 5678:American Antiquarian Society 5658:American Antiquarian Society 5183:"Fact Sheets: 5th Bomb Wing" 4891:Notable appearances in media 4188:, Mississippi, carrying two 4100:"Mothership" Launch Aircraft 3908: 3198:Davis-Monthan Air Force Base 3094:B-52 and maritime operations 2894:Davis–Monthan Air Force Base 2813:B-52H modified to carry two 2558:. The first combat mission, 2471:Mutually Assured Destruction 1751:Pratt & Whitney TF33-P-3 1732:Pratt & Whitney YJ57-P-3 1634:Joint Direct Attack Munition 1193:Joint Direct Attack Munition 1153:. CONECT upgrades will cost 457:was experiencing with their 7: 15696:Fighter-bomber, in F-series 11701:. New York: Prentice Hall. 10828:. New York: Penguin Books. 10824:Budiansky, Stephen (2004). 8506:Cordesman & Wagner 1996 7345:. June 2004. Archived from 6913:. Retrieved 2 October 2011. 4922: 4291:now-unmanned bomber crashed 3770:B-52G on static display at 3683:B-52D dropping 500-lb bombs 3345: 3258:. The B-52 had the highest 2932:, Spain, and the island of 2469:Union under the concept of 2398: 2315:temperature control problem 2305:93rd Heavy Bombardment Wing 1700:air-launched cruise missile 1530: 1435: 1247: 1127: 267:Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit 181:is an American long-range, 18:Boeing B-52G Stratofortress 10: 19062: 19031:Eight-engined jet aircraft 19021:Boeing B-52 Stratofortress 11778:Toperczer, Istvan (1998). 11659:Boeing B-52 Stratofortress 11261:Jenkins, Dennis R (1999). 11089:. New York: Random House. 11047:Ethell, Jeffrey L (1989). 10789:The Best of Wings Magazine 10770:Boeing aircraft since 1916 10700:"B-1B: Out of the Shadows" 10540:. Retrieved 11 April 2013. 10139:Oskins & Maggelet 2008 10053:"1958 USAF Serial Numbers" 10016:"1953 USAF Serial Numbers" 9995:"1957 USAF Serial Numbers" 9947:"1956 USAF Serial Numbers" 9924:"1954 USAF Serial Numbers" 9881:"1955 USAF Serial Numbers" 9741:"419 Flight Test Squadron" 9675:"340 WPS unveils memorial" 5381:"307th Bomb Wing-About Us" 4905:'s 1964 black comedy film 4894: 4867:electronic countermeasures 4642:Zero-lift drag coefficient 4575:electronic warfare officer 4478: 4450:On 21 July 2008, a B-52H, 4338:441st Bombardment Squadron 4283:uncontrolled decompression 4127: 4121: 4055:419th Flight Test Squadron 4044:Air Force Materiel Command 3912: 3893:engines, a variant of the 3299:Operation Inherent Resolve 3171:Operation Inherent Resolve 3083:Operation Enduring Freedom 3027:Air Force Materiel Command 2877: 2706:Vietnam People's Air Force 2531: 2402: 2281: 1705: 1474:low light level television 1459:electronic countermeasures 330: 308:Davis-Monthan AFB Boneyard 179:Boeing B-52 Stratofortress 29: 19001: 18950: 18814: 18733: 17972: 17831: 16954: 16655: 16454: 16112: 16014: 15978: 15971: 15954:Tri-Service main sequence 15953: 15930: 15907: 15877: 15791: 15782: 15716: 15695: 15674: 15667: 15644: 15616: 15203: 15173: 15152: 15071: 15062: 14914: 14863: 14832: 14756: 14705: 14654: 14593: 14558:Piston-engined transports 14557: 14461: 14325: 14268: 14252: 14206: 14170: 11995: 11884: 11879: 11874: 11757:Tillman, Barrett (2007). 11267:. New York: McGraw-Hill. 11218:"The Ever-changing Fleet" 11178:Higham, Robin SD (2005). 10843:Condor, Albert E (1994). 10768:Bowers, Peter M. (1989). 10479:Knaack 1988, pp. 292–294. 9798:. NASA. 5 November 2015. 8982:General Accounting Office 8661:Dick & Patterson 2006 8600:Dick & Patterson 2006 8518:Dick & Patterson 2006 8106:Dick & Patterson 2006 7989:Dick & Patterson 2006 7935:"Guam Jets Bomb S. Viet." 6824:Jenkins & Rogers 1990 6812:Abzug & Larrabee 2002 6376:. Retrieved 9 April 2010. 4911:. A 1960s hairstyle, the 4811:Advanced Targeting System 4524:B-52H profile, circa 1987 4454:, 60–0053, deployed from 4260:Goldsboro, North Carolina 4064:Air Force Reserve Command 3021:One B-52H is assigned to 3016:Air Force Reserve Command 2924:at Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 2556:Operation Rolling Thunder 2431:Eisenhower administration 2248: 2246: 2244: 2242: 2240: 2234: 2145: 2139: 2066: 2060: 1912: 1910: 1908: 1906: 1904: 1902: 1900: 1898: 1883: 1650:Global Positioning System 1213: 654: 651: 644: 302:), 18 by reserve forces ( 276:The B-52's official name 167: 149: 141: 133: 128: 120: 104: 92: 84: 71: 66: 50: 45: 19026:Boeing military aircraft 14326:Fighters/attack aircraft 11676:Sorenson, David (1995). 11531:. Midland, UK: Aerofax. 10787:Boyne, Walter J (2001). 9679:Barksdale Air Force Base 9538:. USAF. 22 December 2013 8980:(Report). United States 8879:"Missteps in the Bunker" 8715:"Airpower Against Ships" 8344:Lewiston Morning Tribune 8015:"A New Look at Ia Drang" 6906:15 February 2017 at the 6050:. Boeing. Archived from 5040: 4886:AN/ALT-32 - Noise jammer 4805:chaff rocket (1965–1970) 4797:forward looking infrared 4675:Pratt & Whitney TF33 4534:Barksdale Air Force Base 4348:, Texas and assigned to 4314:Mount Taylor, New Mexico 3695:over Vietnam, while the 3240:Long Range Strike Bomber 3200:as of 8 September 2008. 3194:Barksdale Air Force Base 3081:The B-52 contributed to 3000:Barksdale Air Force Base 2910:Barksdale Air Force Base 2778:Post-Vietnam War service 2722:Fairchild Air Force Base 2373:around the world during 1837: 1796:greenhouse gas emissions 1478:forward looking infrared 1241:Barksdale Air Force Base 215:aircraft powered by six 19003:Unknown or not assigned 16105:United States Air Force 15972:Reconnaissance subtypes 15771:reconnaissance aircraft 15769:United States military 14915:Experimental/prototypes 14757:Patrol and surveillance 11619:Schlight, John (1988). 11579:Polmar, Norman (2005). 11440:Lloyd, Alwyn T (1988). 11070:. London: Amber Books. 10980:World Air Power Journal 10882:Cooke, David C (1956). 10583:"B-52H Stratorfortress" 10470:CBC News, 21 July 2008. 10439:alumni.westpointaog.org 9597:Dorr & Peacock 2000 9029:CNET Military Tech News 8923:22 October 2012 at the 8138:Dorr & Peacock 2000 7324:(subscription required) 6843:Bento Silva de Mattos. 6410:5 December 2017 at the 5100:Convair B-36 Peacemaker 5025:List of bomber aircraft 4859:power management system 4613:root, NACA 65A209.5 tip 4548:General characteristics 4435:On 24 June 1994, B-52H 4107:Sheppard Air Force Base 3944:United States Air Force 3804:Pratt & Whitney J75 3573:NB-52A carrying an X-15 3399:(1 redesignated NB-52A) 3256:Operation Iraqi Freedom 3192:Four of 18 B-52Hs from 3088:Operation Iraqi Freedom 3074:, including during the 3066:On 24 March 1999, when 3057:Andersen Air Force Base 3042:Operation Desert Strike 3010:(active Air Force) and 2928:in the United Kingdom, 2798:" is on display at the 2735:was headed to bomb the 2657:Operation Linebacker II 2600:Andersen Air Force Base 2569:Andersen Air Force Base 2478:surface-to-air missiles 2413:Southerly route of the 1726:and delay the onset of 1690:missile and the future 1356:Assured Fuel Initiative 1344:Fischer–Tropsch process 1182:cruise missile and the 439:William McPherson Allen 432:Convair B-36 Peacemaker 390:Glenn L. Martin Company 245:Convair B-36 Peacemaker 198:United States Air Force 109:United States Air Force 11990:aircraft model numbers 11717:Tagg, Lori S. (2004). 11197:Hobson, Chris (2001). 11138:Milestones of Aviation 10936:Donald, David (1997). 10884:How Airplanes are Made 10713:Andrade, John (1979). 10533:6 October 2014 at the 10490:"B-52H Stratofortress" 10350:Ap (18 October 1984). 9719:"Minot Air Force Base" 9698:"2nd Operations Group" 8918:"B-52 Stratofortress." 8413:. USAF. Archived from 8395:, pp. 98–99, 174. 8309:"B-52B Stratofortress" 8225:Toperczer No. 29 2001. 7672:International Security 7159:. USAF. Archived from 7090:Dorr & Rogers 1996 7058:Dorr & Rogers 1996 7022:Dorr & Rogers 1996 6429:Defense Industry Daily 4881:radar warning receiver 4567:weapon systems officer 4537: 4525: 4486:Specifications (B-52H) 4385: 4243: 4222:crashed just north of 4171:Ochoco National Forest 3982:340th Weapons Squadron 3932: 3924: 3889:Upgrade of B-52H with 3844: 3795: 3779: 3772:Langley Air Force Base 3684: 3609: 3606:Edwards Air Force Base 3586:program's 199 flights. 3574: 3373:(1 redesignated YB-52) 3334:In late October 2022, 3322:2021 Taliban offensive 3223: 3208: 3182: 3162: 3068:Operation Allied Force 3063: 3023:Edwards Air Force Base 2922:King Abdullah Air Base 2906:Operation Desert Storm 2901: 2818: 2792:Edwards Air Force Base 2685: 2637: 2587: 2543: 2418: 2417:airborne nuclear alert 2336: 1746:with water injection. 1715: 1657:U.S. Strategic Command 1569: 1560: 1555:missiles (front) and 1544: 1501:LITENING targeting pod 1445: 1342:with a 50/50 blend of 1340:Edwards Air Force Base 1335: 1244: 1105: 604:on 15 April 1952 with 596: 575: 517: 502: 392:submitting proposals. 271:conventional munitions 254:, the canceled Mach 3 155:; 72 years ago 15675:Redesignated A-series 14276:Boeing Customer Codes 11952:(3): 4–15. Fall 2021. 11657:Skipper, Ben (2024). 11226:Air University Review 11085:Flinn, Kelly (1997). 11028:Drendel, Lou (1975). 10813:Air University Review 9634:World Air Forces 2023 9013:on 17 September 2011. 7452:"Reengining the B-52" 7343:Defense Science Board 7163:on 27 September 2013. 6541:The National Interest 6477:. 23 September 2013. 6456:The National Interest 5383:. 25 September 2021. 5212:"B-52 Stratofortress" 4531: 4523: 4395:68th Bombardment Wing 4375: 4350:3960th Strategic Wing 4295:Yuba City, California 4275:4134th Strategic Wing 4249:4241st Strategic Wing 4233: 4212:95th Bombardment Wing 4201:4170th Strategic Wing 4182:4228th Strategic Wing 4140:Castle Air Force Base 3976:Nellis Air Force Base 3930: 3922: 3842: 3785: 3769: 3682: 3614:93rd Bombardment Wing 3597: 3572: 3283:freedom of navigation 3232:Tinker Air Force Base 3221: 3206: 3168: 3160: 3050: 2887: 2822:overhauled under the 2812: 2762:. Moore was the last 2682: 2624: 2585: 2577:South Vietnamese Army 2541: 2423:Strategic Air Command 2415:Operation Chrome Dome 2412: 2376:Operation Power Flite 2347:in a test code-named 2330: 2309:Castle Air Force Base 2061:Armament and ordnance 1792:Defense Science Board 1713: 1566: 1550: 1538: 1443: 1403:Like the rudder, the 1353:Department of Defense 1325: 1221: 1093: 618:Larson Air Force Base 594: 573: 513:, B-47 Stratojet and 508: 484: 386:Consolidated Aircraft 367:On 23 November 1945, 312:Strategic Air Command 36:BUFF (disambiguation) 32:B-52 (disambiguation) 15878:Prefix R-, 1947–1962 15792:Prefix F-, 1930–1947 15645:Tri-Service sequence 11903:USAF B-52 Fact Sheet 11803:Flight International 11738:Tegler, Jan (2000). 11695:Spick, Mike (1986). 11525:Miller, Jay (1985). 11159:(15 November 1957). 10819:on 22 February 2013. 10587:Air Force Technology 10511:13 June 2006 at the 10311:on 13 November 2007. 10251:"Fox 5 Morning News" 10128:on 17 November 2008. 9047:Minot Air Force Base 8058:, 22 November 1972. 7714:Kristensen, Hans M. 7644:This Day in Aviation 7380:Flight International 7088:, pp. 290–291; 5931:, pp. 217–218; 5760:"Origin of the B-52" 5305:B 52 Instant Thunder 4389:On 17 January 1966, 4342:7th Bombardment Wing 4240:1961 Goldsboro crash 4024:Minot Air Force Base 3297:in Qatar as part of 3260:mission capable rate 3153:21st century service 2987:Minot Air Force Base 2608:KC-135 Stratotankers 2514:Convair B-58 Hustler 2362:Operation Quick Kick 2353:thermonuclear weapon 2333:March Air Force Base 1692:Long Range Stand Off 1580:and the Navy-backed 1384:, giving it limited 1315:(1958), and finally 1232:B-17 Flying Fortress 640:Aircraft deliveries 515:Martin B-57 Canberra 455:Northrop Corporation 369:Air Materiel Command 252:Convair B-58 Hustler 227:. The B-52 took its 11182:. Stackpole Books. 11049:B-52 Stratofortress 10090:1975BuAtS..31e..24S 10059:. 17 February 2022. 10022:. 10 February 2023. 9969:aviation-safety.net 9953:. 17 February 2023. 9887:. 22 February 2023. 9852:"Accident Archives" 9584:, 4 December 1992. 8884:The Washington Post 8464:Arana-Barradas 2001 8319:on 7 September 2009 8289:on 28 February 2023 8196:Futrell et al. 1976 8095:. 22 November 1972. 8077:. 22 November 1972. 7933:Anderson, William. 7868:, pp. 252–254. 7837:, pp. 279–180. 7486:, pp. 234–237. 7293:. 12 September 1997 7048:, pp. 108–109. 6976:, pp. 277–278. 6864:, pp. 279–280. 6851:on 2 February 2015. 6814:, pp. 105–108. 6722:, pp. 266–267. 6707:, pp. 276–277. 6676:, pp. 254–255. 6290:, pp. 100–101. 6263:, pp. 117–121. 6239:, pp. 229–230. 6037:, pp. 161–162. 5959:, pp. 217–219. 5907:, pp. 215–216. 5748:, pp. 214–215. 5594:, pp. 210–211. 5463:, pp. 207–208. 5436:, pp. 206–207. 5243:. 14 September 2023 5185:. 30 October 2019. 4986:Handley Page Victor 4957:Related development 4629:Max takeoff weight: 4475:Aircraft on display 4422:Spokane, Washington 4362:Operation Arc Light 4334:Super Typhoon Dinah 4256:Seymour Johnson AFB 3579:North American X-15 3352: 3351:Production numbers 3006: – 2993: – 2963:R missile from his 2560:Operation Arc Light 2293:Operational history 1844: 1644:glide bomb and the 1490:Rockwell B-1 Lancer 1488:, also used on the 1394:asymmetrical thrust 1390:vertical stabilizer 1360:Air Force Secretary 1332:vertical stabilizer 1295:) in 1966, and the 641: 545:The Hotel Van Cleve 288:Big Ugly Fat Fucker 263:Rockwell B-1 Lancer 67:General information 46:B-52 Stratofortress 15979:Converted fighters 15063:Original sequences 11809:on 11 August 2020. 11760:LeMay: A Biography 11733:on 1 October 2008. 11419:Lake, Jon (2004). 10646:The New York Times 10589:, 6 September 2024 10502:Loftin, L. K. Jr. 10492:. USAF. June 2019. 10356:The New York Times 10236:The Sacramento Bee 10001:. 8 February 2023. 9930:. 8 February 2023. 9568:on 1 January 2014. 9326:. 30 October 2022. 9184:. 28 October 2015. 9182:The New York Times 9089:The New York Times 9072:on 3 October 2011. 9049:. 25 October 2012. 9004:Air Force Magazine 8831:Pacific Air Forces 8650:. 10 October 2013. 8495:. 15 January 2016. 8438:. 1 February 1998. 8074:The New York Times 7880:, pp. 69–70; 7646:. 11 January 2017. 7456:Air Force Magazine 7406:Air Force Magazine 7060:, pp. 78–79; 6562:. 19 October 2022. 6054:on 20 January 2008 5864:on 29 January 2009 4746:Lift-to-drag ratio 4646:0.0119 (estimated) 4538: 4526: 4399:Palomares, Almería 4386: 4382:Palomares, Almería 4378:thermonuclear bomb 4306:F-100A Super Sabre 4244: 4080:343d Bomb Squadron 4035:69th Bomb Squadron 4013:96th Bomb Squadron 4008:20th Bomb Squadron 4003:11th Bomb Squadron 3950:Air Combat Command 3933: 3925: 3879:ballistic missiles 3845: 3796: 3780: 3735:never exceed speed 3685: 3610: 3575: 3432:27 Modified B-52Bs 3350: 3224: 3209: 3183: 3163: 3064: 2902: 2874:Gulf War and later 2819: 2748:Technical Sergeant 2744:Airman First Class 2686: 2619:Battle of Ia Drang 2588: 2544: 2419: 2389:Okinawa Prefecture 2341:Mk-15 nuclear bomb 2337: 1842: 1716: 1659:stopped assigning 1640:guided bombs, the 1617:anti-ship missiles 1570: 1561: 1545: 1484:in the 1980s. The 1446: 1336: 1268:Structural fatigue 1245: 1223:B-29 Superfortress 1134:electronic jamming 639: 597: 576: 565:crosswind landings 537:George S. Schairer 518: 503: 316:Air Combat Command 265:, and the stealth 153:15 April 1952 19046:Strategic bombers 19008: 19007: 16071: 16070: 16067: 16066: 16015:Converted bombers 15903: 15902: 15736: 15735: 15732: 15731: 15617:Long-range bomber 15199: 15198: 15005: 15004: 14655:Tanker-transports 14320:military aircraft 14284: 14283: 11899: 11898: 11857:978-1-84013-929-7 11789:978-0-89747-390-3 11770:978-1-4039-7135-7 11749:978-0-07-135567-4 11708:978-0-13-055237-2 11687:978-0-275-95258-7 11668:978-1-39908-006-4 11630:978-0-912799-51-3 11590:978-1-59114-685-8 11558:978-1-4357-0361-2 11538:978-0-942548-26-6 11510:978-0-912799-31-5 11489:978-1-58007-136-9 11470:978-1-893554-24-5 11451:978-0-8306-8037-5 11432:978-0-85045-026-2 11411:978-1-84176-607-2 11382:978-1-880588-56-7 11355:978-1-880588-54-3 11328:Air International 11317:978-0-16-002260-9 11274:978-0-07-134694-8 11245:Air International 11208:978-1-85780-115-6 11189:978-0-8117-3238-3 11147:978-0-88363-661-9 11129:Popular Mechanics 11115:978-0-89875-884-9 11096:978-0-375-50109-8 11077:978-1-904687-84-9 11058:978-0-85368-937-9 11039:978-0-89747-022-3 11020:978-1-8417-6097-1 10993:978-1-874023-83-8 10947:978-1-85605-375-4 10928:978-1-55046-430-6 10909:978-0-89747-289-0 10874:978-0-8133-8601-0 10854:978-1-56311-167-9 10835:978-0-670-03285-3 10798:978-1-57488-368-8 10779:978-0-85177-804-4 10760:978-0-85383-022-1 10724:978-0-904597-22-6 10705:Popular Mechanics 10690:978-0-521-80992-4 10456:The Seattle Times 10451:Schaefer, David. 8997:"Strategic Force" 8724:. pp. 34–38. 8722:Airforce Magazine 8633:, pp. 56–57. 8556:, pp. 47–48. 8451:, pp. 51–52. 8056:Los Angeles Times 7952:, pp. 22–23. 7792:, Volume 6, 1960. 7640:"11 January 1962" 7092:, pp. 81–82. 7024:, pp. 65–66. 7012:, pp. 44–45. 6876:, pp. 41–43. 6754:. pp. 94–97. 6751:Popular Mechanics 6634:, pp. 43–44. 6622:, pp. 84–85. 6597:. 26 August 2022. 6583:. 10 August 2022. 6018:978-0-5532-9587-0 5995:, pp. 24–28. 5847:, pp. 58–59. 5835:, pp. 48–50. 5736:, pp. 44–45. 5724:, pp. 45–47. 5708:, pp. 40–44. 5630:, pp. 36–39. 5618:, pp. 35–36. 5268:POLITICO Magazine 4951:James Lore Murray 4794:platinum silicide 4611:NACA 63A219.3 mod 4391:a fatal collision 4352:operating out of 4308:(53-1662) of the 4277:operating out of 4194:mid-air refueling 4169:, crashed in the 4118:Notable accidents 4075:93d Bomb Squadron 4030:23d Bomb Squadron 3628:Project Sunflower 3525: 3524: 3500:13 February 1959 3400: 3374: 3295:Al Udeid Air Base 3187:mistakenly loaded 3179:Al Udeid Air Base 3173:, in part of the 2977:George Lee Butler 2952:Popular Mechanics 2742:when tail gunner 2698:MiG-21 "Fishbeds" 2675:Air-to-air combat 2502:Modification 1000 2482:1960 U-2 incident 2393:Torrejón Air Base 2290: 2289: 1770:Rolls-Royce RB211 1557:B28 nuclear bombs 1180:AGM-158B JASSM-ER 1084: 1083: 616:, Washington, to 260:variable-geometry 175: 174: 142:Introduction date 61:flying over Texas 16:(Redirected from 19053: 18989: 18979: 18974: 18969: 18959: 18943: 18933: 18923: 18913: 18903: 18898: 18893: 18888: 18883: 18873: 18858: 18853: 18848: 18828: 18823: 18807: 18797: 18787: 18767: 18762: 18757: 18752: 18742: 18726: 18721: 18716: 18711: 18651: 18641: 18611: 18606: 18576: 18551: 18521: 18516: 18511: 18496: 18476: 18466: 18416: 18411: 18396: 18391: 18386: 18356: 18351: 18266: 18261: 18256: 18251: 18216: 18211: 18176: 18171: 18166: 18161: 18151: 18106: 18096: 18086: 18076: 18071: 18066: 18061: 18051: 17965: 17945: 17925: 17915: 17895: 17875: 17865: 17855: 17845: 17719: 17600: 17563: 17446: 17431: 17396: 17391: 17361: 17181: 17164: 17045: 17040: 17030: 17000: 16927: 16907: 16887: 16882: 16877: 16872: 16867: 16794: 16784: 16774: 16739: 16734: 16729: 16724: 16689: 16684: 16669: 16643: 16633: 16623: 16613: 16603: 16573: 16553: 16533: 16523: 16513: 16493: 16415: 16405: 16385: 16380: 16370: 16325: 16218: 16213: 16208: 16203: 16193: 16183: 16178: 16158: 16098: 16091: 16084: 16075: 16074: 15976: 15975: 15789: 15788: 15775:1962 Tri-Service 15763: 15756: 15749: 15740: 15739: 15672: 15671: 15069: 15068: 15032: 15025: 15018: 15009: 15008: 14311: 14304: 14297: 14288: 14287: 14033:-100/146/148/166 11981: 11974: 11967: 11958: 11957: 11953: 11941: 11889: 11888: 11872: 11871: 11844: 11827: 11810: 11805:. Archived from 11793: 11774: 11753: 11734: 11732: 11725: 11712: 11691: 11672: 11653: 11634: 11615: 11594: 11575: 11562: 11542: 11514: 11493: 11474: 11455: 11436: 11415: 11394: 11367: 11340: 11321: 11309: 11297: 11278: 11257: 11238: 11222: 11212: 11193: 11174: 11173:on 24 July 2012. 11151: 11132: 11119: 11100: 11081: 11062: 11043: 11024: 11005: 10974: 10951: 10932: 10895: 10878: 10858: 10839: 10820: 10815:. Archived from 10809:"The B-52 Story" 10802: 10783: 10764: 10745: 10728: 10709: 10694: 10665: 10664: 10656: 10650: 10649: 10637: 10628: 10627: 10625: 10623: 10604: 10598: 10597: 10596: 10594: 10579: 10556: 10547: 10541: 10525: 10519: 10500: 10494: 10493: 10486: 10480: 10477: 10471: 10465: 10459: 10449: 10443: 10442: 10431: 10425: 10424: 10422: 10420: 10406: 10400: 10399: 10397: 10395: 10381: 10375: 10374: 10372: 10370: 10347: 10338: 10337: 10335: 10333: 10319: 10313: 10312: 10301: 10295: 10289: 10283: 10277: 10271: 10270: 10268: 10266: 10246: 10240: 10239: 10227: 10221: 10220: 10204: 10198: 10197: 10195: 10193: 10179: 10173: 10167: 10161: 10160: 10148: 10142: 10136: 10130: 10129: 10127: 10116: 10108: 10102: 10101: 10067: 10061: 10060: 10049: 10043: 10042: 10030: 10024: 10023: 10012: 10003: 10002: 9991: 9980: 9979: 9977: 9975: 9961: 9955: 9954: 9943: 9932: 9931: 9920: 9914: 9913: 9911: 9909: 9895: 9889: 9888: 9877: 9864: 9863: 9861: 9859: 9848: 9842: 9841: 9839: 9837: 9818: 9812: 9811: 9809: 9807: 9792: 9786: 9785: 9783: 9781: 9767: 9756: 9755: 9753: 9751: 9737: 9731: 9730: 9728: 9726: 9715: 9706: 9705: 9694: 9683: 9682: 9670: 9664: 9663: 9651: 9638: 9637: 9630: 9624: 9618: 9612: 9606: 9600: 9594: 9585: 9576: 9570: 9569: 9554: 9548: 9547: 9545: 9543: 9532: 9526: 9520: 9511: 9505: 9494: 9493: 9481: 9475: 9465: 9459: 9453: 9444: 9438: 9432: 9431: 9429: 9427: 9421: 9413: 9407: 9401: 9395: 9389: 9372: 9366: 9360: 9354: 9343: 9337: 9328: 9327: 9314: 9308: 9307: 9299: 9293: 9292: 9277: 9271: 9270: 9263: 9257: 9256: 9244: 9238: 9237: 9226: 9220: 9219: 9211: 9205: 9204: 9192: 9186: 9185: 9174: 9168: 9167: 9164: 9161: 9145: 9139: 9138: 9126: 9120: 9119: 9107: 9101: 9100: 9080: 9074: 9073: 9068:. Archived from 9066:Minot Daily News 9057: 9051: 9050: 9039: 9033: 9032: 9031:. 15 April 2012. 9021: 9015: 9014: 9012: 9001: 8992: 8986: 8985: 8979: 8971: 8965: 8964: 8952: 8946: 8945: 8937: 8931: 8914: 8908: 8907: 8895: 8889: 8888: 8874: 8868: 8867: 8860: 8854: 8853: 8841: 8835: 8834: 8833:. 2 August 2018. 8823: 8817: 8816: 8805: 8799: 8798: 8796: 8794: 8775: 8769: 8768: 8757: 8751: 8750: 8748: 8741: 8732: 8726: 8725: 8719: 8710: 8704: 8703: 8701: 8694: 8685: 8679: 8678: 8670: 8664: 8658: 8652: 8651: 8648:StrategyPage.com 8640: 8634: 8628: 8622: 8621: 8609: 8603: 8597: 8591: 8590: 8588: 8586: 8575: 8569: 8563: 8557: 8551: 8545: 8539: 8533: 8527: 8521: 8515: 8509: 8503: 8497: 8496: 8485: 8479: 8473: 8467: 8461: 8452: 8446: 8440: 8439: 8428: 8419: 8418: 8417:on 11 June 2010. 8405:Bailey, Carl E. 8402: 8396: 8390: 8384: 8378: 8372: 8366: 8360: 8354: 8348: 8347: 8335: 8329: 8328: 8326: 8324: 8315:. Archived from 8305: 8299: 8298: 8296: 8294: 8285:. Archived from 8274: 8268: 8267: 8265: 8263: 8252:Rock Hill Herald 8244: 8238: 8232: 8226: 8223: 8214: 8208: 8199: 8193: 8187: 8181: 8170: 8164: 8153: 8147: 8141: 8135: 8129: 8123: 8117: 8103: 8097: 8096: 8085: 8079: 8078: 8065: 8059: 8050: 8044: 8038: 8023: 8022: 8010: 8004: 7998: 7992: 7986: 7977: 7971: 7965: 7959: 7953: 7947: 7941: 7940:, 18 June 1965. 7931: 7925: 7919: 7913: 7912: 7906: 7904: 7891: 7885: 7875: 7869: 7863: 7854: 7844: 7838: 7832: 7826: 7825: 7811: 7805: 7799: 7793: 7784: 7778: 7768: 7762: 7761: 7759: 7750:Airpower Journal 7746: 7737: 7731: 7730: 7728: 7726: 7711: 7705: 7704: 7666: 7660: 7654: 7648: 7647: 7636: 7630: 7624: 7618: 7612: 7606: 7600: 7594: 7588: 7582: 7576: 7567: 7561: 7555: 7549: 7538: 7532: 7526: 7520: 7514: 7508: 7499: 7493: 7487: 7481: 7475: 7469: 7460: 7459: 7447: 7441: 7440: 7438: 7436: 7421: 7410: 7409: 7397: 7391: 7390: 7388: 7386: 7371: 7362: 7361: 7359: 7357: 7352:on 29 April 2017 7351: 7340: 7332: 7326: 7325: 7322: 7309: 7303: 7302: 7300: 7298: 7288: 7280: 7274: 7268: 7262: 7261: 7258: 7255: 7242: 7236: 7230: 7224: 7223: 7221: 7219: 7205: 7199: 7198: 7190: 7184: 7183: 7171: 7165: 7164: 7152: 7146: 7145: 7143: 7141: 7125: 7119: 7118: 7116: 7114: 7099: 7093: 7083: 7077: 7071: 7065: 7055: 7049: 7046:Lake & 2003b 7043: 7037: 7031: 7025: 7019: 7013: 7007: 7001: 6995: 6989: 6983: 6977: 6971: 6965: 6964: 6954: 6945: 6939: 6938: 6936: 6929: 6920: 6914: 6898: 6889: 6883: 6877: 6871: 6865: 6859: 6853: 6852: 6847:. Archived from 6840: 6827: 6821: 6815: 6809: 6800: 6799: 6797: 6795: 6784: 6778: 6777: 6775: 6773: 6762: 6756: 6755: 6741: 6735: 6729: 6723: 6717: 6708: 6702: 6693: 6683: 6677: 6667: 6661: 6660: 6658: 6656: 6641: 6635: 6629: 6623: 6617: 6611: 6605: 6599: 6598: 6591: 6585: 6584: 6573: 6564: 6563: 6552: 6546: 6545: 6531: 6525: 6524: 6512: 6506: 6505: 6489: 6483: 6482: 6467: 6461: 6460: 6446: 6440: 6439: 6437: 6435: 6420: 6414: 6406:, 12 July 2013. 6398: 6389: 6383: 6377: 6368: 6362: 6352: 6346: 6340: 6334: 6324: 6318: 6312: 6303: 6297: 6291: 6285: 6276: 6270: 6264: 6258: 6252: 6246: 6240: 6234: 6228: 6222: 6216: 6210: 6201: 6195: 6189: 6183: 6177: 6171: 6165: 6159: 6153: 6147: 6141: 6135: 6129: 6123: 6112: 6106: 6100: 6094: 6088: 6082: 6076: 6070: 6064: 6063: 6061: 6059: 6044: 6038: 6032: 6023: 6022: 6002: 5996: 5990: 5984: 5978: 5972: 5966: 5960: 5954: 5948: 5942: 5936: 5926: 5920: 5914: 5908: 5902: 5896: 5895: 5893: 5891: 5880: 5874: 5873: 5871: 5869: 5854: 5848: 5842: 5836: 5830: 5824: 5823: 5821: 5819: 5812:Business Insider 5805:Hollings, Alex. 5802: 5796: 5795: 5785: 5774: 5768: 5767: 5755: 5749: 5743: 5737: 5731: 5725: 5715: 5709: 5703: 5697: 5696: 5694: 5692: 5681: 5675: 5661: 5655: 5640: 5631: 5625: 5619: 5613: 5607: 5601: 5595: 5585: 5579: 5573: 5567: 5561: 5555: 5549: 5543: 5537: 5531: 5525: 5516: 5510: 5504: 5494: 5488: 5482: 5476: 5470: 5464: 5458: 5452: 5446: 5437: 5431: 5425: 5419: 5408: 5407: 5395: 5389: 5388: 5377: 5371: 5370: 5359: 5348: 5347: 5345: 5343: 5328: 5322: 5316: 5310: 5309: 5300: 5294: 5293: 5292:on 27 July 2010. 5288:. Archived from 5278: 5272: 5271: 5259: 5253: 5252: 5250: 5248: 5233: 5227: 5226: 5224: 5222: 5208: 5191: 5190: 5179: 5168: 5162: 5142: 5139: 5133: 5130: 5124: 5117: 5111: 5095: 5089: 5082: 5076: 5073: 5067: 5064: 5058: 5051: 4939: 4934: 4933: 4932: 4877:Northrop Grumman 4862:AN/ALQ-172(V) - 4787: 4768:20 mm (0.787 in) 4758: 4750:21.5 (estimated) 4718:Service ceiling: 4689: 4657: 4550: 4510: 4498: 4458:, Louisiana, to 4368:, South Vietnam. 4302:AIM-9 Sidewinder 4224:Monticello, Utah 3891:Rolls Royce F130 3865: 3660:anti-flash white 3642:" in support of 3442:1 Modified B-52B 3411:1 modified B-52A 3398: 3385:1 modified XB-52 3372: 3362:Entered service 3353: 3349: 3331:(HAWC) missile. 3273: 3269: 3265: 3076:Battle of Kosare 2644: 2634: 2612:U-Tapao Airfield 2564:Bến Cát District 2318: 2230: 2225: 2220: 2215: 2210: 2205: 2200: 2195: 2185: 2180: 2175: 2170: 2165: 2160: 2155: 2150: 2135: 2130: 2125: 2120: 2115: 2110: 2105: 2092: 2022: 2017: 2012: 2007: 2002: 1997: 1992: 1987: 1972: 1967: 1962: 1957: 1952: 1947: 1942: 1937: 1922: 1896: 1855: 1845: 1841: 1832:Rolls Royce F130 1825: 1822: 1786: 1783: 1779: 1776: 1655:By around 2010, 1621:AGM-142 Have Nap 1602:Northrop Grumman 1551:B-52H bomb bay: 1543:on the underside 1541:anti-flash white 1455:AGM-28 Hound Dog 1173: 1170: 1159: 1156: 1102: 642: 638: 628:and 130 days of 548:other business. 526:Westinghouse J40 471: 468: 447:aerial refueling 443:Stuart Symington 409: 406: 357: 343: 206:aerial refueling 190:strategic bomber 163: 161: 156: 55: 43: 42: 21: 19061: 19060: 19056: 19055: 19054: 19052: 19051: 19050: 19011: 19010: 19009: 19004: 18997: 18987: 18977: 18972: 18967: 18957: 18946: 18941: 18931: 18921: 18911: 18901: 18896: 18891: 18886: 18881: 18871: 18856: 18851: 18846: 18826: 18821: 18810: 18805: 18795: 18785: 18765: 18760: 18755: 18750: 18740: 18729: 18724: 18719: 18714: 18709: 18649: 18639: 18609: 18604: 18574: 18549: 18519: 18514: 18509: 18494: 18474: 18464: 18414: 18409: 18394: 18389: 18384: 18354: 18349: 18264: 18259: 18254: 18249: 18214: 18209: 18174: 18169: 18164: 18159: 18149: 18104: 18094: 18084: 18074: 18069: 18064: 18059: 18049: 17968: 17963: 17943: 17923: 17913: 17893: 17873: 17863: 17853: 17843: 17827: 17717: 17598: 17561: 17444: 17429: 17394: 17389: 17359: 17179: 17162: 17043: 17038: 17028: 16998: 16950: 16925: 16905: 16885: 16880: 16875: 16870: 16865: 16792: 16782: 16772: 16737: 16732: 16727: 16722: 16687: 16682: 16667: 16651: 16641: 16631: 16621: 16611: 16601: 16571: 16551: 16531: 16521: 16511: 16491: 16450: 16413: 16403: 16383: 16378: 16368: 16323: 16216: 16211: 16206: 16201: 16191: 16181: 16176: 16156: 16108: 16102: 16072: 16063: 16010: 15967: 15955: 15949: 15932: 15926: 15909: 15899: 15873: 15784: 15778: 15767: 15737: 15728: 15712: 15691: 15663: 15646: 15640: 15618: 15612: 15205: 15195: 15169: 15148: 15064: 15058: 15036: 15006: 15001: 14910: 14859: 14828: 14752: 14701: 14650: 14589: 14553: 14457: 14321: 14315: 14285: 14280: 14264: 14248: 14202: 14171:Turbine engines 14166: 14070:Next Generation 11991: 11985: 11939: 11935: 11886: 11870: 11865: 11790: 11771: 11750: 11742:. McGraw-Hill. 11730: 11723: 11709: 11688: 11669: 11650: 11631: 11612: 11591: 11559: 11539: 11511: 11490: 11471: 11452: 11433: 11412: 11383: 11356: 11318: 11307: 11294: 11275: 11220: 11209: 11190: 11148: 11116: 11097: 11078: 11059: 11040: 11021: 10994: 10948: 10929: 10875: 10855: 10836: 10799: 10780: 10761: 10725: 10691: 10674: 10669: 10668: 10657: 10653: 10638: 10631: 10621: 10619: 10608:Southern, Terry 10605: 10601: 10592: 10590: 10581: 10580: 10559: 10553:Lockheed Martin 10548: 10544: 10535:Wayback Machine 10526: 10522: 10513:Wayback Machine 10501: 10497: 10488: 10487: 10483: 10478: 10474: 10466: 10462: 10458:, 28 June 1994. 10450: 10446: 10433: 10432: 10428: 10418: 10416: 10414:lostflights.com 10408: 10407: 10403: 10393: 10391: 10389:lostflights.com 10383: 10382: 10378: 10368: 10366: 10348: 10341: 10331: 10329: 10327:lostflights.com 10321: 10320: 10316: 10303: 10302: 10298: 10290: 10286: 10278: 10274: 10264: 10262: 10255:Fox 5 San Diego 10247: 10243: 10228: 10224: 10205: 10201: 10191: 10189: 10181: 10180: 10176: 10168: 10164: 10149: 10145: 10137: 10133: 10125: 10114: 10110: 10109: 10105: 10068: 10064: 10051: 10050: 10046: 10031: 10027: 10014: 10013: 10006: 9993: 9992: 9983: 9973: 9971: 9963: 9962: 9958: 9945: 9944: 9935: 9922: 9921: 9917: 9907: 9905: 9897: 9896: 9892: 9879: 9878: 9867: 9857: 9855: 9850: 9849: 9845: 9835: 9833: 9820: 9819: 9815: 9805: 9803: 9794: 9793: 9789: 9779: 9777: 9775:307th Bomb Wing 9769: 9768: 9759: 9749: 9747: 9739: 9738: 9734: 9724: 9722: 9717: 9716: 9709: 9696: 9695: 9686: 9671: 9667: 9652: 9641: 9632: 9631: 9627: 9619: 9615: 9607: 9603: 9595: 9588: 9582:Chicago Tribune 9577: 9573: 9556: 9555: 9551: 9541: 9539: 9534: 9533: 9529: 9521: 9514: 9506: 9497: 9482: 9478: 9470:, p. 132; 9466: 9462: 9454: 9447: 9439: 9435: 9425: 9423: 9419: 9415: 9414: 9410: 9402: 9398: 9390: 9375: 9367: 9363: 9355: 9346: 9338: 9331: 9316: 9315: 9311: 9300: 9296: 9279: 9278: 9274: 9265: 9264: 9260: 9253:Air Force Times 9245: 9241: 9236:. 9 April 2016. 9234:Air Force Times 9228: 9227: 9223: 9212: 9208: 9193: 9189: 9176: 9175: 9171: 9162: 9159: 9146: 9142: 9127: 9123: 9108: 9104: 9081: 9077: 9058: 9054: 9041: 9040: 9036: 9023: 9022: 9018: 9010: 8999: 8993: 8989: 8977: 8973: 8972: 8968: 8961:Air Force Times 8953: 8949: 8938: 8934: 8925:Wayback Machine 8916:Hopper, David. 8915: 8911: 8904:Air Force Times 8896: 8892: 8875: 8871: 8862: 8861: 8857: 8842: 8838: 8825: 8824: 8820: 8815:. 27 June 2014. 8807: 8806: 8802: 8792: 8790: 8783:VintageWings.ca 8777: 8776: 8772: 8767:. 22 July 2013. 8759: 8758: 8754: 8746: 8739: 8733: 8729: 8717: 8711: 8707: 8699: 8692: 8686: 8682: 8671: 8667: 8659: 8655: 8642: 8641: 8637: 8629: 8625: 8610: 8606: 8598: 8594: 8584: 8582: 8577: 8576: 8572: 8564: 8560: 8552: 8548: 8540: 8536: 8528: 8524: 8516: 8512: 8504: 8500: 8487: 8486: 8482: 8474: 8470: 8462: 8455: 8447: 8443: 8430: 8429: 8422: 8403: 8399: 8391: 8387: 8379: 8375: 8367: 8363: 8355: 8351: 8336: 8332: 8322: 8320: 8307: 8306: 8302: 8292: 8290: 8275: 8271: 8261: 8259: 8246: 8245: 8241: 8233: 8229: 8224: 8217: 8209: 8202: 8194: 8190: 8182: 8173: 8165: 8156: 8148: 8144: 8136: 8132: 8124: 8120: 8108:, p. 187; 8104: 8100: 8087: 8086: 8082: 8067: 8066: 8062: 8051: 8047: 8039: 8026: 8011: 8007: 7999: 7995: 7987: 7980: 7972: 7968: 7960: 7956: 7948: 7944: 7938:Chicago Tribune 7932: 7928: 7920: 7916: 7902: 7900: 7893: 7892: 7888: 7876: 7872: 7864: 7857: 7853:, pp. 6–8. 7845: 7841: 7833: 7829: 7812: 7808: 7804:, pp. 6–8. 7800: 7796: 7785: 7781: 7777:, pp. 4–5. 7769: 7765: 7757: 7744: 7738: 7734: 7724: 7722: 7712: 7708: 7685:10.2307/2626731 7667: 7663: 7655: 7651: 7638: 7637: 7633: 7625: 7621: 7613: 7609: 7601: 7597: 7589: 7585: 7577: 7570: 7562: 7558: 7550: 7541: 7533: 7529: 7521: 7517: 7509: 7502: 7494: 7490: 7482: 7478: 7470: 7463: 7448: 7444: 7434: 7432: 7422: 7413: 7398: 7394: 7384: 7382: 7372: 7365: 7355: 7353: 7349: 7338: 7334: 7333: 7329: 7323: 7311: 7310: 7306: 7296: 7294: 7289:(Report). U.S. 7286: 7282: 7281: 7277: 7269: 7265: 7256: 7253: 7247:Air Force Times 7243: 7239: 7231: 7227: 7217: 7215: 7213:Living Warbirds 7207: 7206: 7202: 7191: 7187: 7172: 7168: 7153: 7149: 7139: 7137: 7126: 7122: 7112: 7110: 7100: 7096: 7084: 7080: 7072: 7068: 7056: 7052: 7044: 7040: 7032: 7028: 7020: 7016: 7008: 7004: 6996: 6992: 6984: 6980: 6972: 6968: 6952: 6946: 6942: 6937:on 7 July 2011. 6934: 6927: 6921: 6917: 6908:Wayback Machine 6899: 6892: 6884: 6880: 6872: 6868: 6860: 6856: 6841: 6830: 6822: 6818: 6810: 6803: 6793: 6791: 6786: 6785: 6781: 6771: 6769: 6764: 6763: 6759: 6742: 6738: 6730: 6726: 6718: 6711: 6703: 6696: 6688:, p. 101; 6684: 6680: 6668: 6664: 6654: 6652: 6642: 6638: 6630: 6626: 6618: 6614: 6610:, p. xiii. 6606: 6602: 6593: 6592: 6588: 6575: 6574: 6567: 6554: 6553: 6549: 6532: 6528: 6513: 6509: 6490: 6486: 6469: 6468: 6464: 6447: 6443: 6433: 6431: 6421: 6417: 6412:Wayback Machine 6399: 6392: 6384: 6380: 6369: 6365: 6353: 6349: 6341: 6337: 6333:, pp. 101. 6329:, p. 778; 6325: 6321: 6313: 6306: 6298: 6294: 6286: 6279: 6271: 6267: 6259: 6255: 6247: 6243: 6235: 6231: 6223: 6219: 6211: 6204: 6196: 6192: 6184: 6180: 6172: 6168: 6160: 6156: 6148: 6144: 6136: 6132: 6124: 6115: 6107: 6103: 6095: 6091: 6083: 6079: 6071: 6067: 6057: 6055: 6046: 6045: 6041: 6033: 6026: 6019: 6003: 5999: 5991: 5987: 5979: 5975: 5967: 5963: 5955: 5951: 5943: 5939: 5927: 5923: 5915: 5911: 5903: 5899: 5889: 5887: 5882: 5881: 5877: 5867: 5865: 5856: 5855: 5851: 5843: 5839: 5831: 5827: 5817: 5815: 5803: 5799: 5783: 5775: 5771: 5756: 5752: 5744: 5740: 5732: 5728: 5720:, p. 213; 5716: 5712: 5704: 5700: 5690: 5688: 5673: 5665:McCusker, J. J. 5653: 5645:McCusker, J. J. 5641: 5634: 5626: 5622: 5614: 5610: 5602: 5598: 5586: 5582: 5574: 5570: 5562: 5558: 5550: 5546: 5538: 5534: 5526: 5519: 5511: 5507: 5495: 5491: 5483: 5479: 5471: 5467: 5459: 5455: 5447: 5440: 5432: 5428: 5420: 5411: 5396: 5392: 5379: 5378: 5374: 5361: 5360: 5351: 5341: 5339: 5329: 5325: 5317: 5313: 5302: 5301: 5297: 5286:Wordorigins.org 5280: 5279: 5275: 5260: 5256: 5246: 5244: 5235: 5234: 5230: 5220: 5218: 5210: 5209: 5194: 5181: 5180: 5171: 5163: 5156: 5151: 5146: 5145: 5140: 5136: 5131: 5127: 5118: 5114: 5096: 5092: 5083: 5079: 5074: 5070: 5065: 5061: 5052: 5048: 5043: 5003:Myasishchev M-4 4991:Vickers Valiant 4937:Aviation portal 4935: 4930: 4928: 4925: 4903:Stanley Kubrick 4899: 4893: 4788: 4783: 4759: 4754: 4685: 4655: 4546: 4518: 4517: 4516: 4515: 4514: 4511: 4503: 4502: 4499: 4488: 4483: 4477: 4325:Savage Mountain 4262:, dropping two 4254:on approach to 4234:One of the two 4190:nuclear weapons 4132: 4126: 4120: 4069:307th Bomb Wing 4049:412th Test Wing 4026:, North Dakota 3917: 3911: 3906: 3898: 3882: 3863: 3832: 3794:cruise missile. 3759: 3738: 3721: 3713: 3705: 3672: 3663: 3647: 3631: 3587: 3562: 3558:water injection 3544: 3536: 3397: 3371: 3348: 3271: 3267: 3263: 3155: 3096: 3055:takes off from 3025:and is used by 3012:307th Bomb Wing 2882: 2876: 2780: 2714:Master Sergeant 2677: 2646: 2639: 2632: 2596:carpet bombings 2536: 2530: 2490:terrain masking 2440:Throughout the 2407: 2401: 2385:Kadena Air Base 2371:non-stop flight 2316: 2300: 2295: 2228: 2223: 2218: 2213: 2208: 2203: 2198: 2193: 2183: 2178: 2173: 2168: 2163: 2158: 2153: 2148: 2133: 2128: 2123: 2118: 2113: 2108: 2103: 2090: 2020: 2015: 2010: 2005: 2000: 1995: 1990: 1985: 1970: 1965: 1960: 1955: 1950: 1945: 1940: 1935: 1920: 1894: 1853: 1850:Inflation year 1840: 1823: 1820: 1784: 1781: 1777: 1774: 1762: 1760:Engine retrofit 1740:water injection 1708: 1533: 1492:bomber and the 1453:monitoring the 1438: 1371: 1369:Flight controls 1250: 1216: 1184:ADM-160C MALD-J 1171: 1168: 1157: 1154: 1130: 1100: 689: 685: 681: 677: 673: 669: 665: 661: 647: 622:Guy M. Townsend 589: 555:with 35-degree 522:fuel efficiency 489:in foreground; 479: 469: 466: 407: 404: 365: 364: 363: 362: 361: 358: 349: 348: 347: 344: 333: 328: 304:307th Bomb Wing 233:nuclear weapons 159: 157: 154: 116: 85:National origin 62: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 19059: 19049: 19048: 19043: 19038: 19033: 19028: 19023: 19006: 19005: 19002: 18999: 18998: 18996: 18995: 18990: 18985: 18980: 18975: 18970: 18965: 18960: 18954: 18952: 18948: 18947: 18945: 18944: 18939: 18934: 18929: 18924: 18919: 18914: 18909: 18904: 18899: 18894: 18889: 18884: 18879: 18874: 18869: 18864: 18859: 18854: 18849: 18844: 18843: 18842: 18837: 18829: 18824: 18818: 18816: 18812: 18811: 18809: 18808: 18803: 18798: 18793: 18788: 18783: 18778: 18773: 18768: 18763: 18758: 18753: 18748: 18743: 18737: 18735: 18731: 18730: 18728: 18727: 18722: 18717: 18712: 18707: 18706: 18705: 18700: 18695: 18690: 18685: 18680: 18675: 18670: 18665: 18660: 18652: 18647: 18642: 18637: 18636: 18635: 18630: 18625: 18617: 18612: 18607: 18602: 18601: 18600: 18595: 18587: 18582: 18577: 18572: 18571: 18570: 18565: 18560: 18552: 18547: 18546: 18545: 18540: 18532: 18527: 18522: 18517: 18512: 18507: 18502: 18497: 18492: 18491: 18490: 18485: 18477: 18472: 18467: 18462: 18457: 18452: 18451: 18450: 18445: 18437: 18436: 18435: 18430: 18422: 18417: 18412: 18407: 18402: 18397: 18392: 18387: 18382: 18377: 18376: 18375: 18370: 18365: 18357: 18352: 18347: 18342: 18337: 18332: 18331: 18330: 18325: 18320: 18315: 18310: 18305: 18300: 18295: 18287: 18286: 18285: 18280: 18275: 18267: 18262: 18257: 18252: 18247: 18242: 18237: 18232: 18227: 18222: 18217: 18212: 18207: 18202: 18201: 18200: 18195: 18187: 18182: 18177: 18172: 18167: 18162: 18157: 18152: 18147: 18142: 18137: 18132: 18127: 18126: 18125: 18120: 18112: 18107: 18102: 18097: 18092: 18087: 18082: 18077: 18072: 18067: 18062: 18057: 18052: 18047: 18042: 18037: 18032: 18027: 18026: 18025: 18020: 18012: 18011: 18010: 18005: 17997: 17996: 17995: 17990: 17982: 17976: 17974: 17970: 17969: 17967: 17966: 17961: 17956: 17951: 17946: 17941: 17940: 17939: 17934: 17926: 17921: 17916: 17911: 17910: 17909: 17904: 17896: 17891: 17890: 17889: 17884: 17876: 17871: 17866: 17861: 17856: 17851: 17846: 17841: 17835: 17833: 17829: 17828: 17826: 17825: 17824: 17823: 17818: 17813: 17805: 17804: 17803: 17798: 17793: 17788: 17783: 17775: 17774: 17773: 17768: 17763: 17755: 17750: 17749: 17748: 17743: 17735: 17730: 17725: 17720: 17715: 17714: 17713: 17708: 17700: 17695: 17690: 17685: 17680: 17679: 17678: 17673: 17665: 17664: 17663: 17658: 17653: 17645: 17640: 17639: 17638: 17633: 17628: 17618: 17617: 17616: 17606: 17601: 17596: 17595: 17594: 17589: 17581: 17576: 17575: 17574: 17564: 17559: 17558: 17557: 17552: 17544: 17539: 17534: 17533: 17532: 17527: 17519: 17514: 17509: 17504: 17499: 17494: 17489: 17484: 17479: 17474: 17469: 17468: 17467: 17457: 17452: 17447: 17442: 17437: 17432: 17427: 17422: 17417: 17416: 17415: 17410: 17402: 17397: 17392: 17387: 17382: 17377: 17376: 17375: 17370: 17362: 17357: 17352: 17347: 17346: 17345: 17340: 17335: 17327: 17322: 17317: 17312: 17307: 17302: 17301: 17300: 17295: 17287: 17282: 17277: 17272: 17271: 17270: 17265: 17257: 17252: 17247: 17246: 17245: 17240: 17232: 17231: 17230: 17225: 17217: 17216: 17215: 17210: 17202: 17197: 17192: 17187: 17182: 17177: 17176: 17175: 17165: 17160: 17159: 17158: 17153: 17145: 17140: 17139: 17138: 17133: 17128: 17123: 17118: 17110: 17105: 17104: 17103: 17098: 17090: 17085: 17080: 17079: 17078: 17073: 17063: 17062: 17061: 17056: 17046: 17041: 17036: 17031: 17026: 17021: 17016: 17015: 17014: 17006: 17001: 16996: 16991: 16986: 16985: 16984: 16979: 16974: 16969: 16958: 16956: 16952: 16951: 16949: 16948: 16947: 16946: 16941: 16933: 16928: 16923: 16922: 16921: 16916: 16908: 16903: 16898: 16893: 16888: 16883: 16878: 16873: 16868: 16863: 16862: 16861: 16851: 16850: 16849: 16839: 16838: 16837: 16827: 16822: 16817: 16816: 16815: 16810: 16800: 16795: 16790: 16785: 16780: 16775: 16770: 16765: 16760: 16759: 16758: 16753: 16745: 16740: 16735: 16730: 16725: 16720: 16715: 16710: 16705: 16704: 16703: 16698: 16690: 16685: 16680: 16675: 16670: 16665: 16659: 16657: 16653: 16652: 16650: 16649: 16644: 16639: 16634: 16629: 16624: 16619: 16614: 16609: 16604: 16599: 16598: 16597: 16592: 16584: 16579: 16574: 16569: 16564: 16559: 16554: 16549: 16544: 16539: 16534: 16529: 16524: 16519: 16514: 16509: 16504: 16499: 16494: 16489: 16484: 16483: 16482: 16477: 16472: 16464: 16458: 16456: 16452: 16451: 16449: 16448: 16447: 16446: 16441: 16436: 16431: 16421: 16416: 16411: 16406: 16401: 16396: 16391: 16386: 16381: 16376: 16371: 16366: 16361: 16360: 16359: 16354: 16346: 16341: 16336: 16331: 16326: 16321: 16316: 16311: 16306: 16301: 16296: 16291: 16286: 16285: 16284: 16279: 16274: 16269: 16264: 16254: 16253: 16252: 16247: 16242: 16234: 16233: 16232: 16227: 16219: 16214: 16209: 16204: 16199: 16194: 16189: 16184: 16179: 16174: 16173: 16172: 16167: 16159: 16154: 16149: 16144: 16139: 16134: 16133: 16132: 16122: 16116: 16114: 16110: 16109: 16107:system numbers 16101: 16100: 16093: 16086: 16078: 16069: 16068: 16065: 16064: 16062: 16061: 16056: 16055: 16054: 16049: 16039: 16034: 16029: 16024: 16018: 16016: 16012: 16011: 16009: 16008: 16003: 15998: 15993: 15988: 15982: 15980: 15973: 15969: 15968: 15966: 15965: 15959: 15957: 15956:(1962–present) 15951: 15950: 15948: 15947: 15942: 15936: 15934: 15933:(1964–present) 15928: 15927: 15925: 15924: 15919: 15913: 15911: 15905: 15904: 15901: 15900: 15898: 15897: 15892: 15887: 15881: 15879: 15875: 15874: 15872: 15871: 15866: 15861: 15856: 15851: 15846: 15841: 15836: 15831: 15826: 15821: 15816: 15811: 15806: 15801: 15795: 15793: 15786: 15780: 15779: 15766: 15765: 15758: 15751: 15743: 15734: 15733: 15730: 15729: 15727: 15726: 15720: 15718: 15714: 15713: 15711: 15710: 15705: 15699: 15697: 15693: 15692: 15690: 15689: 15684: 15678: 15676: 15669: 15668:Non-sequential 15665: 15664: 15662: 15661: 15656: 15650: 15648: 15647:(1962–current) 15642: 15641: 15639: 15638: 15633: 15628: 15622: 15620: 15614: 15613: 15611: 15610: 15605: 15600: 15595: 15590: 15585: 15580: 15575: 15570: 15565: 15560: 15555: 15550: 15545: 15540: 15539: 15538: 15533: 15523: 15518: 15513: 15508: 15503: 15498: 15493: 15492: 15491: 15481: 15476: 15471: 15470: 15469: 15459: 15454: 15449: 15444: 15439: 15434: 15429: 15424: 15419: 15414: 15409: 15408: 15407: 15402: 15392: 15387: 15382: 15377: 15372: 15367: 15362: 15361: 15360: 15350: 15345: 15340: 15335: 15330: 15325: 15320: 15315: 15310: 15305: 15300: 15295: 15290: 15285: 15280: 15275: 15270: 15265: 15260: 15255: 15250: 15245: 15240: 15235: 15230: 15225: 15220: 15215: 15209: 15207: 15201: 15200: 15197: 15196: 15194: 15193: 15188: 15183: 15177: 15175: 15171: 15170: 15168: 15167: 15162: 15156: 15154: 15150: 15149: 15147: 15146: 15141: 15136: 15131: 15126: 15121: 15116: 15111: 15106: 15101: 15096: 15091: 15086: 15081: 15075: 15073: 15066: 15060: 15059: 15035: 15034: 15027: 15020: 15012: 15003: 15002: 15000: 14999: 14994: 14989: 14984: 14979: 14974: 14969: 14964: 14959: 14954: 14949: 14944: 14939: 14934: 14929: 14924: 14918: 14916: 14912: 14911: 14909: 14908: 14903: 14898: 14893: 14888: 14883: 14878: 14873: 14867: 14865: 14861: 14860: 14858: 14857: 14852: 14847: 14842: 14836: 14834: 14833:Reconnaissance 14830: 14829: 14827: 14826: 14821: 14816: 14811: 14806: 14801: 14796: 14791: 14786: 14781: 14776: 14771: 14766: 14760: 14758: 14754: 14753: 14751: 14750: 14745: 14740: 14735: 14730: 14725: 14720: 14715: 14709: 14707: 14703: 14702: 14700: 14699: 14694: 14689: 14684: 14679: 14674: 14669: 14664: 14658: 14656: 14652: 14651: 14649: 14648: 14643: 14638: 14633: 14628: 14623: 14618: 14613: 14608: 14603: 14597: 14595: 14594:Jet transports 14591: 14590: 14588: 14587: 14582: 14577: 14572: 14567: 14561: 14559: 14555: 14554: 14552: 14551: 14546: 14541: 14536: 14531: 14526: 14521: 14516: 14511: 14506: 14501: 14496: 14491: 14486: 14481: 14476: 14471: 14465: 14463: 14459: 14458: 14456: 14455: 14450: 14445: 14440: 14435: 14430: 14425: 14420: 14415: 14410: 14405: 14400: 14395: 14390: 14385: 14380: 14375: 14370: 14365: 14360: 14355: 14350: 14345: 14340: 14335: 14329: 14327: 14323: 14322: 14314: 14313: 14306: 14299: 14291: 14282: 14281: 14279: 14278: 14272: 14270: 14266: 14265: 14263: 14262: 14256: 14254: 14250: 14249: 14247: 14246: 14241: 14236: 14231: 14226: 14221: 14216: 14210: 14208: 14204: 14203: 14201: 14200: 14195: 14190: 14185: 14180: 14174: 14172: 14168: 14167: 14165: 14164: 14159: 14154: 14153: 14152: 14142: 14137: 14136: 14135: 14125: 14124: 14123: 14118: 14117: 14116: 14106: 14101: 14091: 14090: 14089: 14084: 14083: 14082: 14077: 14067: 14062: 14052: 14047: 14042: 14037: 14036: 14035: 14025: 14024: 14023: 14012: 14011: 14006: 14001: 13996: 13991: 13986: 13981: 13976: 13971: 13966: 13961: 13956: 13951: 13946: 13941: 13936: 13931: 13926: 13921: 13916: 13911: 13906: 13901: 13896: 13891: 13886: 13881: 13876: 13871: 13866: 13861: 13856: 13851: 13846: 13841: 13836: 13831: 13826: 13821: 13816: 13811: 13806: 13801: 13796: 13791: 13786: 13781: 13776: 13771: 13766: 13761: 13756: 13751: 13746: 13741: 13736: 13731: 13726: 13721: 13716: 13711: 13706: 13701: 13696: 13691: 13686: 13681: 13676: 13671: 13666: 13661: 13656: 13651: 13646: 13641: 13636: 13631: 13626: 13621: 13616: 13611: 13606: 13601: 13596: 13591: 13586: 13581: 13576: 13571: 13566: 13561: 13556: 13551: 13546: 13541: 13536: 13531: 13526: 13521: 13516: 13511: 13506: 13501: 13496: 13491: 13486: 13481: 13476: 13471: 13466: 13461: 13456: 13451: 13446: 13441: 13436: 13431: 13426: 13421: 13416: 13411: 13406: 13401: 13396: 13391: 13386: 13381: 13376: 13371: 13366: 13361: 13356: 13351: 13346: 13341: 13336: 13331: 13326: 13325: 13324: 13314: 13309: 13304: 13299: 13294: 13289: 13284: 13279: 13274: 13269: 13264: 13259: 13254: 13249: 13244: 13239: 13234: 13229: 13224: 13219: 13218: 13217: 13207: 13202: 13197: 13192: 13187: 13182: 13177: 13172: 13167: 13162: 13157: 13152: 13147: 13142: 13137: 13132: 13127: 13122: 13117: 13112: 13107: 13102: 13097: 13092: 13087: 13082: 13077: 13072: 13067: 13062: 13057: 13052: 13047: 13042: 13037: 13032: 13027: 13022: 13017: 13012: 13007: 13002: 12997: 12992: 12987: 12982: 12977: 12972: 12967: 12962: 12957: 12952: 12947: 12942: 12937: 12932: 12927: 12922: 12917: 12912: 12907: 12902: 12897: 12892: 12887: 12882: 12877: 12872: 12867: 12862: 12857: 12852: 12847: 12842: 12837: 12832: 12827: 12822: 12817: 12812: 12807: 12802: 12797: 12792: 12787: 12782: 12777: 12772: 12767: 12762: 12757: 12752: 12747: 12742: 12737: 12732: 12727: 12722: 12717: 12712: 12707: 12702: 12697: 12692: 12687: 12682: 12677: 12672: 12667: 12662: 12657: 12652: 12647: 12642: 12637: 12632: 12627: 12622: 12617: 12612: 12607: 12602: 12597: 12592: 12587: 12582: 12577: 12572: 12567: 12562: 12557: 12552: 12547: 12542: 12537: 12532: 12527: 12522: 12517: 12512: 12507: 12502: 12497: 12492: 12487: 12482: 12477: 12472: 12467: 12462: 12457: 12452: 12447: 12442: 12437: 12432: 12427: 12422: 12417: 12412: 12407: 12402: 12397: 12392: 12387: 12382: 12377: 12372: 12367: 12362: 12357: 12352: 12347: 12342: 12337: 12332: 12327: 12322: 12317: 12312: 12307: 12302: 12297: 12292: 12287: 12282: 12277: 12272: 12267: 12262: 12257: 12252: 12247: 12242: 12237: 12232: 12227: 12222: 12217: 12212: 12207: 12202: 12197: 12192: 12187: 12182: 12177: 12172: 12167: 12162: 12157: 12152: 12147: 12142: 12137: 12132: 12127: 12122: 12117: 12112: 12107: 12102: 12097: 12092: 12087: 12082: 12077: 12072: 12067: 12062: 12057: 12052: 12047: 12042: 12037: 12036: 12035: 12025: 12020: 12015: 12010: 12005: 11999: 11997: 11993: 11992: 11984: 11983: 11976: 11969: 11961: 11955: 11954: 11933: 11920: 11915: 11910: 11905: 11897: 11896: 11882: 11881: 11877: 11876: 11875:External image 11869: 11868:External links 11866: 11864: 11863: 11860: 11845: 11833:Air Enthusiast 11828: 11816:Air Enthusiast 11811: 11794: 11788: 11775: 11769: 11754: 11748: 11735: 11714: 11707: 11692: 11686: 11673: 11667: 11654: 11648: 11635: 11629: 11616: 11610: 11595: 11589: 11576: 11563: 11557: 11544: 11537: 11522: 11515: 11509: 11494: 11488: 11475: 11469: 11456: 11450: 11437: 11431: 11416: 11410: 11395: 11381: 11368: 11354: 11341: 11322: 11316: 11298: 11292: 11279: 11273: 11258: 11239: 11213: 11207: 11194: 11188: 11175: 11153: 11146: 11133: 11120: 11114: 11101: 11095: 11082: 11076: 11063: 11057: 11044: 11038: 11025: 11019: 11006: 10992: 10975: 10958:Air Enthusiast 10952: 10946: 10933: 10927: 10912: 10899:Davis, Larry. 10897: 10879: 10873: 10860: 10853: 10840: 10834: 10821: 10804: 10797: 10784: 10778: 10765: 10759: 10746: 10729: 10723: 10710: 10695: 10689: 10675: 10673: 10670: 10667: 10666: 10651: 10629: 10599: 10557: 10542: 10538:U.S. Air Force 10520: 10495: 10481: 10472: 10460: 10444: 10426: 10401: 10376: 10339: 10314: 10296: 10294:, p. 279. 10284: 10272: 10241: 10222: 10199: 10174: 10172:, p. 202. 10162: 10143: 10141:, p. 174. 10131: 10103: 10062: 10057:JoeBaugher.com 10044: 10025: 10020:JoeBaugher.com 10004: 9999:JoeBaugher.com 9981: 9956: 9951:JoeBaugher.com 9933: 9928:JoeBaugher.com 9915: 9890: 9885:JoeBaugher.com 9865: 9843: 9828:. 9 May 2008. 9826:The North Spin 9813: 9787: 9757: 9732: 9707: 9684: 9665: 9639: 9625: 9613: 9601: 9586: 9571: 9562:Military Times 9549: 9527: 9525:, p. 221. 9512: 9495: 9490:JoeBaugher.com 9476: 9474:, p. 263. 9460: 9458:, p. 121. 9445: 9433: 9408: 9396: 9373: 9361: 9344: 9329: 9309: 9294: 9272: 9258: 9239: 9221: 9206: 9187: 9169: 9140: 9121: 9102: 9075: 9052: 9034: 9016: 8987: 8966: 8947: 8932: 8909: 8890: 8869: 8855: 8836: 8818: 8800: 8770: 8752: 8727: 8705: 8680: 8665: 8663:, p. 242. 8653: 8635: 8623: 8604: 8602:, p. 222. 8592: 8570: 8558: 8546: 8534: 8522: 8520:, p. 225. 8510: 8508:, p. 451. 8498: 8480: 8468: 8453: 8441: 8420: 8397: 8385: 8373: 8361: 8349: 8330: 8300: 8269: 8258:on 26 May 2012 8239: 8235:Toperczer 1998 8227: 8215: 8213:, p. 141. 8200: 8188: 8171: 8169:, p. 139. 8154: 8152:, p. 172. 8142: 8130: 8118: 8116:, p. 394. 8114:Budiansky 2004 8112:, p. 38; 8098: 8080: 8060: 8045: 8024: 8005: 8003:, p. 256. 7993: 7991:, p. 161. 7978: 7966: 7954: 7942: 7926: 7924:, p. 119. 7914: 7886: 7884:, p. 289. 7882:Greenwood 1995 7870: 7855: 7849:, p. 87; 7839: 7827: 7806: 7794: 7779: 7773:, p. 21; 7763: 7732: 7706: 7661: 7659:, p. 100. 7649: 7631: 7629:, p. 282. 7619: 7617:, p. 259. 7607: 7595: 7593:, p. 244. 7583: 7581:, p. 243. 7568: 7566:, p. 240. 7556: 7554:, p. 119. 7539: 7537:, p. 238. 7527: 7525:, p. 220. 7515: 7513:, p. 237. 7500: 7498:, p. 216. 7488: 7476: 7461: 7442: 7411: 7392: 7363: 7327: 7321:. 7 July 2003. 7304: 7275: 7273:, p. 115. 7263: 7237: 7225: 7200: 7185: 7166: 7147: 7136:. TheDrive.com 7120: 7094: 7078: 7076:, p. 114. 7066: 7064:, p. 290. 7050: 7038: 7036:, p. 532. 7026: 7014: 7002: 7000:, p. 529. 6990: 6978: 6966: 6940: 6915: 6890: 6878: 6866: 6854: 6828: 6816: 6801: 6779: 6757: 6736: 6734:, p. 127. 6724: 6709: 6694: 6692:, p. 259. 6678: 6672:, p. 87; 6662: 6636: 6624: 6612: 6600: 6586: 6565: 6547: 6526: 6507: 6484: 6462: 6441: 6415: 6390: 6378: 6363: 6357:, p. 91; 6347: 6335: 6319: 6317:, p. 103. 6304: 6302:, p. 102. 6292: 6277: 6275:, p. 379. 6265: 6253: 6251:, p. 776. 6241: 6229: 6217: 6215:, p. 289. 6202: 6200:, p. 280. 6190: 6188:, p. 269. 6178: 6176:, p. 262. 6166: 6164:, p. 258. 6154: 6152:, p. 247. 6142: 6140:, p. 241. 6130: 6128:, p. 230. 6113: 6111:, p. 229. 6101: 6099:, p. 227. 6089: 6077: 6075:, p. 222. 6065: 6039: 6024: 6017: 5997: 5985: 5983:, p. 221. 5973: 5971:, p. 219. 5961: 5949: 5947:, p. 218. 5937: 5921: 5909: 5897: 5875: 5849: 5837: 5825: 5797: 5769: 5764:joebaugher.com 5750: 5738: 5726: 5710: 5698: 5682:1800–present: 5632: 5620: 5608: 5606:, p. 212. 5596: 5590:, p. 30; 5580: 5578:, p. 210. 5568: 5556: 5544: 5542:, p. 209. 5532: 5517: 5505: 5503:, p. 208. 5499:, p. 21; 5489: 5477: 5465: 5453: 5451:, p. 207. 5438: 5426: 5424:, p. 201. 5422:Greenwood 1995 5409: 5390: 5372: 5365:. March 2021. 5349: 5323: 5321:, p. 138. 5311: 5295: 5273: 5254: 5228: 5192: 5169: 5167:, p. 291. 5153: 5152: 5150: 5147: 5144: 5143: 5134: 5125: 5112: 5108:Ilyushin Il-76 5090: 5077: 5068: 5059: 5045: 5044: 5042: 5039: 5038: 5037: 5032: 5027: 5022: 5011: 5010: 5005: 5000: 4995: 4994: 4993: 4988: 4983: 4966: 4965: 4954: 4953: 4948: 4941: 4940: 4924: 4921: 4895:Main article: 4892: 4889: 4888: 4887: 4884: 4873: 4870: 4860: 4853: 4847: 4840: 4833: 4823: 4817: 4812: 4806: 4800: 4781: 4780: 4774: 4752: 4751: 4742: 4733: 4727: 4724:Rate of climb: 4721: 4715: 4709: 4703: 4697: 4694:Maximum speed: 4683: 4682: 4668: 4659: 4647: 4638: 4635:Fuel capacity: 4632: 4626: 4620: 4614: 4602: 4596: 4590: 4584: 4578: 4512: 4505: 4504: 4500: 4493: 4492: 4491: 4490: 4489: 4487: 4484: 4476: 4473: 4472: 4471: 4468:flight surgeon 4448: 4433: 4414: 4370: 4369: 4329: 4317: 4298: 4287:cabin altitude 4271: 4228: 4227: 4220:El Paso, Texas 4208: 4197: 4178: 4163: 4160: 4153: 4150: 4143: 4122:Main article: 4119: 4116: 4115: 4114: 4113: 4112: 4111: 4110: 4103: 4088: 4087: 4086: 4085: 4084: 4083: 4082: 4077: 4061: 4060: 4059: 4058: 4057: 4041: 4040: 4039: 4038: 4037: 4032: 4017: 4016: 4015: 4010: 4005: 3989: 3988: 3987: 3986: 3985: 3969: 3968: 3967: 3940: 3939: 3913:Main article: 3910: 3907: 3904: 3888: 3876:GAM-87 Skybolt 3846: 3797: 3744: 3727: 3719: 3711: 3693:carpet bombing 3686: 3669: 3656: 3637: 3622:ejection seats 3611: 3598:NASA's NB-52B 3576: 3550: 3542: 3534: 3523: 3522: 3520: 3519:744 production 3517: 3513: 3512: 3509: 3506: 3502: 3501: 3498: 3495: 3491: 3490: 3487: 3484: 3480: 3479: 3478:December 1957 3476: 3473: 3469: 3468: 3467:December 1956 3465: 3462: 3458: 3457: 3454: 3451: 3447: 3446: 3443: 3440: 3436: 3435: 3433: 3430: 3426: 3425: 3422: 3419: 3415: 3414: 3412: 3409: 3405: 3404: 3401: 3394: 3390: 3389: 3386: 3383: 3379: 3378: 3375: 3368: 3364: 3363: 3360: 3357: 3347: 3344: 3301:, part of the 3154: 3151: 3149:attack radar. 3108:Tupolev Tu-22M 3095: 3092: 3038: 3037: 3030: 3019: 2997: 2930:Morón Air Base 2875: 2872: 2857: 2856: 2852: 2848: 2844: 2779: 2776: 2740:railroad yards 2728:, Washington. 2702:Staff Sergeant 2676: 2673: 2623: 2573:Clark Air Base 2529: 2526: 2403:Main article: 2400: 2397: 2299: 2296: 2294: 2291: 2288: 2287: 2279: 2278: 2275: 2272: 2269: 2266: 2262: 2261: 2258: 2255: 2252: 2249: 2247: 2245: 2243: 2241: 2239: 2236: 2232: 2231: 2226: 2221: 2216: 2211: 2206: 2201: 2196: 2191: 2187: 2186: 2181: 2176: 2171: 2166: 2161: 2156: 2151: 2146: 2144: 2141: 2137: 2136: 2131: 2126: 2121: 2116: 2111: 2106: 2101: 2098: 2094: 2093: 2088: 2085: 2082: 2079: 2076: 2073: 2070: 2067: 2065: 2062: 2058: 2057: 2054: 2051: 2048: 2045: 2042: 2039: 2036: 2033: 2031: 2028: 2024: 2023: 2018: 2013: 2008: 2003: 1998: 1993: 1988: 1983: 1981: 1978: 1974: 1973: 1968: 1963: 1958: 1953: 1948: 1943: 1938: 1933: 1931: 1928: 1924: 1923: 1918: 1914: 1913: 1911: 1909: 1907: 1905: 1903: 1901: 1899: 1897: 1892: 1889: 1881: 1880: 1877: 1874: 1871: 1868: 1865: 1862: 1859: 1856: 1851: 1848: 1839: 1836: 1761: 1758: 1707: 1704: 1614:AGM-84 Harpoon 1586:SALT II Treaty 1532: 1529: 1505:laser guidance 1476:(LLLTV) and a 1457:missiles. The 1437: 1434: 1370: 1367: 1249: 1246: 1215: 1212: 1129: 1126: 1089:Nathan Twining 1082: 1081: 1076: 1071: 1066: 1061: 1056: 1051: 1046: 1041: 1036: 1031: 1025: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1011: 1009: 1007: 1005: 1003: 1001: 999: 997: 993: 992: 987: 982: 979: 977: 975: 973: 971: 969: 967: 965: 961: 960: 955: 950: 947: 944: 942: 940: 938: 936: 934: 932: 928: 927: 922: 917: 915: 912: 910: 908: 906: 904: 902: 900: 896: 895: 890: 885: 883: 880: 877: 875: 873: 871: 869: 867: 863: 862: 857: 852: 850: 848: 845: 842: 839: 837: 835: 833: 829: 828: 823: 818: 816: 814: 812: 810: 807: 804: 801: 799: 795: 794: 789: 784: 782: 780: 778: 776: 773: 770: 767: 765: 761: 760: 755: 750: 748: 746: 744: 742: 740: 738: 735: 733: 729: 728: 723: 718: 716: 714: 712: 710: 708: 706: 704: 701: 697: 696: 693: 690: 686: 682: 678: 674: 670: 666: 662: 657: 656: 653: 650: 606:"Tex" Johnston 588: 585: 553:B-47 Stratojet 499:B-47 Stratojet 478: 475: 424:nuclear weapon 373:turret gunners 359: 352: 351: 350: 345: 338: 337: 336: 335: 334: 332: 329: 327: 324: 278:Stratofortress 173: 172: 169: 165: 164: 151: 147: 146: 143: 139: 138: 135: 131: 130: 126: 125: 122: 118: 117: 111: 106: 102: 101: 96: 90: 89: 86: 82: 81: 73: 69: 68: 64: 63: 56: 48: 47: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 19058: 19047: 19044: 19042: 19039: 19037: 19034: 19032: 19029: 19027: 19024: 19022: 19019: 19018: 19016: 19000: 18994: 18991: 18986: 18984: 18981: 18976: 18971: 18966: 18964: 18961: 18956: 18955: 18953: 18949: 18940: 18938: 18935: 18930: 18928: 18925: 18920: 18918: 18915: 18910: 18908: 18905: 18900: 18895: 18890: 18885: 18880: 18878: 18875: 18870: 18868: 18865: 18863: 18860: 18855: 18850: 18845: 18841: 18838: 18836: 18833: 18832: 18830: 18825: 18820: 18819: 18817: 18813: 18804: 18802: 18799: 18794: 18792: 18789: 18784: 18782: 18779: 18777: 18774: 18772: 18769: 18764: 18759: 18754: 18749: 18747: 18744: 18739: 18738: 18736: 18732: 18723: 18718: 18713: 18708: 18704: 18701: 18699: 18696: 18694: 18691: 18689: 18686: 18684: 18681: 18679: 18676: 18674: 18671: 18669: 18666: 18664: 18661: 18659: 18656: 18655: 18653: 18648: 18646: 18643: 18638: 18634: 18631: 18629: 18626: 18624: 18621: 18620: 18618: 18616: 18613: 18608: 18603: 18599: 18596: 18594: 18591: 18590: 18588: 18586: 18583: 18581: 18578: 18573: 18569: 18566: 18564: 18561: 18559: 18556: 18555: 18553: 18548: 18544: 18541: 18539: 18536: 18535: 18533: 18531: 18528: 18526: 18523: 18518: 18513: 18508: 18506: 18503: 18501: 18498: 18493: 18489: 18486: 18484: 18481: 18480: 18478: 18473: 18471: 18468: 18463: 18461: 18458: 18456: 18453: 18449: 18446: 18444: 18441: 18440: 18438: 18434: 18431: 18429: 18426: 18425: 18423: 18421: 18418: 18413: 18408: 18406: 18403: 18401: 18398: 18393: 18388: 18383: 18381: 18378: 18374: 18371: 18369: 18366: 18364: 18361: 18360: 18358: 18353: 18348: 18346: 18343: 18341: 18338: 18336: 18333: 18329: 18326: 18324: 18321: 18319: 18316: 18314: 18311: 18309: 18306: 18304: 18301: 18299: 18296: 18294: 18291: 18290: 18288: 18284: 18281: 18279: 18276: 18274: 18271: 18270: 18268: 18263: 18258: 18253: 18248: 18246: 18243: 18241: 18238: 18236: 18233: 18231: 18228: 18226: 18223: 18221: 18218: 18213: 18208: 18206: 18203: 18199: 18196: 18194: 18191: 18190: 18188: 18186: 18183: 18181: 18178: 18173: 18168: 18163: 18158: 18156: 18153: 18148: 18146: 18143: 18141: 18138: 18136: 18133: 18131: 18128: 18124: 18121: 18119: 18116: 18115: 18113: 18111: 18108: 18103: 18101: 18098: 18093: 18091: 18088: 18083: 18081: 18078: 18073: 18068: 18063: 18058: 18056: 18053: 18048: 18046: 18043: 18041: 18038: 18036: 18033: 18031: 18028: 18024: 18021: 18019: 18016: 18015: 18013: 18009: 18006: 18004: 18001: 18000: 17998: 17994: 17991: 17989: 17986: 17985: 17983: 17981: 17978: 17977: 17975: 17971: 17962: 17960: 17957: 17955: 17952: 17950: 17947: 17942: 17938: 17935: 17933: 17930: 17929: 17927: 17922: 17920: 17917: 17912: 17908: 17905: 17903: 17900: 17899: 17897: 17892: 17888: 17885: 17883: 17880: 17879: 17877: 17872: 17870: 17867: 17862: 17860: 17857: 17852: 17850: 17847: 17842: 17840: 17837: 17836: 17834: 17830: 17822: 17819: 17817: 17814: 17812: 17809: 17808: 17806: 17802: 17799: 17797: 17794: 17792: 17789: 17787: 17784: 17782: 17779: 17778: 17776: 17772: 17769: 17767: 17764: 17762: 17759: 17758: 17756: 17754: 17751: 17747: 17744: 17742: 17739: 17738: 17736: 17734: 17731: 17729: 17726: 17724: 17721: 17716: 17712: 17709: 17707: 17704: 17703: 17701: 17699: 17696: 17694: 17691: 17689: 17686: 17684: 17681: 17677: 17674: 17672: 17669: 17668: 17666: 17662: 17659: 17657: 17654: 17652: 17649: 17648: 17646: 17644: 17641: 17637: 17634: 17632: 17629: 17627: 17624: 17623: 17622: 17619: 17615: 17612: 17611: 17610: 17607: 17605: 17602: 17597: 17593: 17590: 17588: 17585: 17584: 17582: 17580: 17577: 17573: 17570: 17569: 17568: 17565: 17560: 17556: 17553: 17551: 17548: 17547: 17545: 17543: 17540: 17538: 17535: 17531: 17528: 17526: 17523: 17522: 17520: 17518: 17515: 17513: 17510: 17508: 17505: 17503: 17500: 17498: 17495: 17493: 17490: 17488: 17485: 17483: 17480: 17478: 17475: 17473: 17470: 17466: 17463: 17462: 17461: 17458: 17456: 17453: 17451: 17448: 17443: 17441: 17438: 17436: 17433: 17428: 17426: 17423: 17421: 17418: 17414: 17411: 17409: 17406: 17405: 17403: 17401: 17398: 17393: 17388: 17386: 17383: 17381: 17378: 17374: 17371: 17369: 17366: 17365: 17363: 17358: 17356: 17353: 17351: 17348: 17344: 17341: 17339: 17336: 17334: 17331: 17330: 17328: 17326: 17323: 17321: 17318: 17316: 17313: 17311: 17308: 17306: 17303: 17299: 17296: 17294: 17291: 17290: 17288: 17286: 17283: 17281: 17278: 17276: 17273: 17269: 17266: 17264: 17261: 17260: 17258: 17256: 17253: 17251: 17248: 17244: 17241: 17239: 17236: 17235: 17233: 17229: 17226: 17224: 17221: 17220: 17218: 17214: 17211: 17209: 17206: 17205: 17203: 17201: 17198: 17196: 17193: 17191: 17188: 17186: 17183: 17178: 17174: 17171: 17170: 17169: 17166: 17161: 17157: 17154: 17152: 17149: 17148: 17146: 17144: 17141: 17137: 17134: 17132: 17129: 17127: 17124: 17122: 17119: 17117: 17114: 17113: 17111: 17109: 17106: 17102: 17099: 17097: 17094: 17093: 17091: 17089: 17086: 17084: 17081: 17077: 17074: 17072: 17069: 17068: 17067: 17064: 17060: 17057: 17055: 17052: 17051: 17050: 17047: 17042: 17037: 17035: 17032: 17027: 17025: 17022: 17020: 17017: 17013: 17010: 17009: 17007: 17005: 17002: 16997: 16995: 16992: 16990: 16987: 16983: 16980: 16978: 16975: 16973: 16970: 16968: 16965: 16964: 16963: 16960: 16959: 16957: 16953: 16945: 16942: 16940: 16937: 16936: 16934: 16932: 16929: 16924: 16920: 16917: 16915: 16912: 16911: 16909: 16904: 16902: 16899: 16897: 16894: 16892: 16889: 16884: 16879: 16874: 16869: 16864: 16860: 16857: 16856: 16855: 16852: 16848: 16845: 16844: 16843: 16840: 16836: 16833: 16832: 16831: 16828: 16826: 16823: 16821: 16818: 16814: 16811: 16809: 16806: 16805: 16804: 16801: 16799: 16796: 16791: 16789: 16786: 16781: 16779: 16776: 16771: 16769: 16766: 16764: 16761: 16757: 16754: 16752: 16749: 16748: 16746: 16744: 16741: 16736: 16731: 16726: 16721: 16719: 16716: 16714: 16711: 16709: 16706: 16702: 16699: 16697: 16694: 16693: 16691: 16686: 16681: 16679: 16676: 16674: 16671: 16666: 16664: 16661: 16660: 16658: 16654: 16648: 16645: 16640: 16638: 16635: 16630: 16628: 16625: 16620: 16618: 16615: 16610: 16608: 16605: 16600: 16596: 16593: 16591: 16588: 16587: 16585: 16583: 16580: 16578: 16575: 16570: 16568: 16565: 16563: 16560: 16558: 16555: 16550: 16548: 16545: 16543: 16540: 16538: 16535: 16530: 16528: 16525: 16520: 16518: 16515: 16510: 16508: 16505: 16503: 16500: 16498: 16495: 16490: 16488: 16485: 16481: 16478: 16476: 16473: 16471: 16468: 16467: 16465: 16463: 16460: 16459: 16457: 16453: 16445: 16442: 16440: 16437: 16435: 16432: 16430: 16427: 16426: 16425: 16422: 16420: 16417: 16412: 16410: 16407: 16402: 16400: 16397: 16395: 16392: 16390: 16387: 16382: 16377: 16375: 16372: 16367: 16365: 16362: 16358: 16355: 16353: 16350: 16349: 16347: 16345: 16342: 16340: 16337: 16335: 16332: 16330: 16327: 16322: 16320: 16317: 16315: 16312: 16310: 16307: 16305: 16302: 16300: 16297: 16295: 16292: 16290: 16287: 16283: 16280: 16278: 16275: 16273: 16270: 16268: 16265: 16263: 16260: 16259: 16258: 16255: 16251: 16248: 16246: 16243: 16241: 16238: 16237: 16235: 16231: 16228: 16226: 16223: 16222: 16220: 16215: 16210: 16205: 16200: 16198: 16195: 16190: 16188: 16185: 16180: 16175: 16171: 16168: 16166: 16163: 16162: 16160: 16155: 16153: 16150: 16148: 16145: 16143: 16140: 16138: 16135: 16131: 16128: 16127: 16126: 16123: 16121: 16118: 16117: 16115: 16111: 16106: 16099: 16094: 16092: 16087: 16085: 16080: 16079: 16076: 16060: 16057: 16053: 16050: 16048: 16045: 16044: 16043: 16040: 16038: 16035: 16033: 16030: 16028: 16025: 16023: 16020: 16019: 16017: 16013: 16007: 16004: 16002: 15999: 15997: 15994: 15992: 15989: 15987: 15984: 15983: 15981: 15977: 15974: 15970: 15964: 15961: 15960: 15958: 15952: 15946: 15943: 15941: 15938: 15937: 15935: 15929: 15923: 15920: 15918: 15915: 15914: 15912: 15906: 15896: 15893: 15891: 15888: 15886: 15883: 15882: 15880: 15876: 15870: 15867: 15865: 15862: 15860: 15857: 15855: 15852: 15850: 15847: 15845: 15842: 15840: 15837: 15835: 15832: 15830: 15827: 15825: 15822: 15820: 15817: 15815: 15812: 15810: 15807: 15805: 15802: 15800: 15797: 15796: 15794: 15790: 15787: 15781: 15776: 15772: 15764: 15759: 15757: 15752: 15750: 15745: 15744: 15741: 15725: 15722: 15721: 15719: 15715: 15709: 15706: 15704: 15701: 15700: 15698: 15694: 15688: 15685: 15683: 15680: 15679: 15677: 15673: 15670: 15666: 15660: 15657: 15655: 15652: 15651: 15649: 15643: 15637: 15634: 15632: 15629: 15627: 15624: 15623: 15621: 15615: 15609: 15606: 15604: 15601: 15599: 15596: 15594: 15591: 15589: 15586: 15584: 15581: 15579: 15576: 15574: 15571: 15569: 15566: 15564: 15561: 15559: 15556: 15554: 15551: 15549: 15546: 15544: 15541: 15537: 15534: 15532: 15529: 15528: 15527: 15524: 15522: 15519: 15517: 15514: 15512: 15509: 15507: 15504: 15502: 15499: 15497: 15494: 15490: 15487: 15486: 15485: 15482: 15480: 15477: 15475: 15472: 15468: 15465: 15464: 15463: 15460: 15458: 15455: 15453: 15450: 15448: 15445: 15443: 15440: 15438: 15435: 15433: 15430: 15428: 15425: 15423: 15420: 15418: 15415: 15413: 15410: 15406: 15403: 15401: 15398: 15397: 15396: 15393: 15391: 15388: 15386: 15383: 15381: 15378: 15376: 15373: 15371: 15368: 15366: 15363: 15359: 15356: 15355: 15354: 15351: 15349: 15346: 15344: 15341: 15339: 15336: 15334: 15331: 15329: 15326: 15324: 15321: 15319: 15316: 15314: 15311: 15309: 15306: 15304: 15301: 15299: 15296: 15294: 15291: 15289: 15286: 15284: 15281: 15279: 15276: 15274: 15271: 15269: 15266: 15264: 15261: 15259: 15256: 15254: 15251: 15249: 15246: 15244: 15241: 15239: 15236: 15234: 15231: 15229: 15226: 15224: 15221: 15219: 15216: 15214: 15211: 15210: 15208: 15204:Main sequence 15202: 15192: 15189: 15187: 15184: 15182: 15179: 15178: 15176: 15172: 15166: 15163: 15161: 15158: 15157: 15155: 15153:Medium bomber 15151: 15145: 15142: 15140: 15137: 15135: 15132: 15130: 15127: 15125: 15122: 15120: 15117: 15115: 15112: 15110: 15107: 15105: 15102: 15100: 15097: 15095: 15092: 15090: 15087: 15085: 15082: 15080: 15077: 15076: 15074: 15070: 15067: 15061: 15056: 15052: 15048: 15044: 15040: 15033: 15028: 15026: 15021: 15019: 15014: 15013: 15010: 14998: 14995: 14993: 14990: 14988: 14985: 14983: 14980: 14978: 14975: 14973: 14970: 14968: 14965: 14963: 14960: 14958: 14955: 14953: 14950: 14948: 14945: 14943: 14940: 14938: 14935: 14933: 14930: 14928: 14925: 14923: 14920: 14919: 14917: 14913: 14907: 14904: 14902: 14899: 14897: 14894: 14892: 14889: 14887: 14884: 14882: 14879: 14877: 14874: 14872: 14869: 14868: 14866: 14862: 14856: 14853: 14851: 14848: 14846: 14843: 14841: 14838: 14837: 14835: 14831: 14825: 14822: 14820: 14817: 14815: 14812: 14810: 14807: 14805: 14802: 14800: 14797: 14795: 14792: 14790: 14787: 14785: 14782: 14780: 14777: 14775: 14772: 14770: 14767: 14765: 14762: 14761: 14759: 14755: 14749: 14746: 14744: 14741: 14739: 14736: 14734: 14731: 14729: 14726: 14724: 14721: 14719: 14716: 14714: 14711: 14710: 14708: 14704: 14698: 14695: 14693: 14690: 14688: 14685: 14683: 14680: 14678: 14675: 14673: 14670: 14668: 14665: 14663: 14660: 14659: 14657: 14653: 14647: 14644: 14642: 14639: 14637: 14634: 14632: 14629: 14627: 14624: 14622: 14619: 14617: 14614: 14612: 14609: 14607: 14604: 14602: 14599: 14598: 14596: 14592: 14586: 14583: 14581: 14578: 14576: 14573: 14571: 14568: 14566: 14563: 14562: 14560: 14556: 14550: 14547: 14545: 14542: 14540: 14537: 14535: 14532: 14530: 14527: 14525: 14522: 14520: 14517: 14515: 14512: 14510: 14507: 14505: 14502: 14500: 14497: 14495: 14492: 14490: 14487: 14485: 14482: 14480: 14477: 14475: 14472: 14470: 14467: 14466: 14464: 14460: 14454: 14451: 14449: 14446: 14444: 14441: 14439: 14436: 14434: 14431: 14429: 14426: 14424: 14421: 14419: 14416: 14414: 14411: 14409: 14406: 14404: 14401: 14399: 14396: 14394: 14391: 14389: 14386: 14384: 14381: 14379: 14376: 14374: 14371: 14369: 14366: 14364: 14361: 14359: 14356: 14354: 14351: 14349: 14346: 14344: 14341: 14339: 14336: 14334: 14331: 14330: 14328: 14324: 14319: 14312: 14307: 14305: 14300: 14298: 14293: 14292: 14289: 14277: 14274: 14273: 14271: 14267: 14261: 14258: 14257: 14255: 14251: 14245: 14242: 14240: 14237: 14235: 14232: 14230: 14227: 14225: 14222: 14220: 14217: 14215: 14212: 14211: 14209: 14205: 14199: 14196: 14194: 14191: 14189: 14186: 14184: 14181: 14179: 14176: 14175: 14173: 14169: 14163: 14160: 14158: 14155: 14151: 14148: 14147: 14146: 14143: 14141: 14138: 14134: 14131: 14130: 14129: 14126: 14122: 14119: 14115: 14112: 14111: 14110: 14107: 14105: 14102: 14100: 14097: 14096: 14095: 14092: 14088: 14085: 14081: 14078: 14076: 14073: 14072: 14071: 14068: 14066: 14063: 14061: 14058: 14057: 14056: 14053: 14051: 14048: 14046: 14043: 14041: 14038: 14034: 14031: 14030: 14029: 14026: 14022: 14019: 14018: 14017: 14014: 14013: 14010: 14007: 14005: 14002: 14000: 13997: 13995: 13992: 13990: 13987: 13985: 13982: 13980: 13977: 13975: 13972: 13970: 13967: 13965: 13962: 13960: 13957: 13955: 13952: 13950: 13947: 13945: 13942: 13940: 13937: 13935: 13932: 13930: 13927: 13925: 13922: 13920: 13917: 13915: 13912: 13910: 13907: 13905: 13902: 13900: 13897: 13895: 13892: 13890: 13887: 13885: 13882: 13880: 13877: 13875: 13872: 13870: 13867: 13865: 13862: 13860: 13857: 13855: 13852: 13850: 13847: 13845: 13842: 13840: 13837: 13835: 13832: 13830: 13827: 13825: 13822: 13820: 13817: 13815: 13812: 13810: 13807: 13805: 13802: 13800: 13797: 13795: 13792: 13790: 13787: 13785: 13782: 13780: 13777: 13775: 13772: 13770: 13767: 13765: 13762: 13760: 13757: 13755: 13752: 13750: 13747: 13745: 13742: 13740: 13737: 13735: 13732: 13730: 13727: 13725: 13722: 13720: 13717: 13715: 13712: 13710: 13707: 13705: 13702: 13700: 13697: 13695: 13692: 13690: 13687: 13685: 13682: 13680: 13677: 13675: 13672: 13670: 13667: 13665: 13662: 13660: 13657: 13655: 13652: 13650: 13647: 13645: 13642: 13640: 13637: 13635: 13632: 13630: 13627: 13625: 13622: 13620: 13617: 13615: 13612: 13610: 13607: 13605: 13602: 13600: 13597: 13595: 13592: 13590: 13587: 13585: 13582: 13580: 13577: 13575: 13572: 13570: 13567: 13565: 13562: 13560: 13557: 13555: 13552: 13550: 13547: 13545: 13542: 13540: 13537: 13535: 13532: 13530: 13527: 13525: 13522: 13520: 13517: 13515: 13512: 13510: 13507: 13505: 13502: 13500: 13497: 13495: 13492: 13490: 13487: 13485: 13482: 13480: 13477: 13475: 13472: 13470: 13467: 13465: 13462: 13460: 13457: 13455: 13452: 13450: 13447: 13445: 13442: 13440: 13437: 13435: 13432: 13430: 13427: 13425: 13422: 13420: 13417: 13415: 13412: 13410: 13407: 13405: 13402: 13400: 13397: 13395: 13392: 13390: 13387: 13385: 13382: 13380: 13377: 13375: 13372: 13370: 13367: 13365: 13362: 13360: 13357: 13355: 13352: 13350: 13347: 13345: 13342: 13340: 13337: 13335: 13332: 13330: 13327: 13323: 13320: 13319: 13318: 13315: 13313: 13310: 13308: 13305: 13303: 13300: 13298: 13295: 13293: 13290: 13288: 13285: 13283: 13280: 13278: 13275: 13273: 13270: 13268: 13265: 13263: 13260: 13258: 13255: 13253: 13250: 13248: 13245: 13243: 13240: 13238: 13235: 13233: 13230: 13228: 13225: 13223: 13220: 13216: 13213: 13212: 13211: 13208: 13206: 13203: 13201: 13198: 13196: 13193: 13191: 13188: 13186: 13183: 13181: 13178: 13176: 13173: 13171: 13168: 13166: 13163: 13161: 13158: 13156: 13153: 13151: 13148: 13146: 13143: 13141: 13138: 13136: 13133: 13131: 13128: 13126: 13123: 13121: 13118: 13116: 13113: 13111: 13108: 13106: 13103: 13101: 13098: 13096: 13093: 13091: 13088: 13086: 13083: 13081: 13078: 13076: 13073: 13071: 13068: 13066: 13063: 13061: 13058: 13056: 13053: 13051: 13048: 13046: 13043: 13041: 13038: 13036: 13033: 13031: 13028: 13026: 13023: 13021: 13018: 13016: 13013: 13011: 13008: 13006: 13003: 13001: 12998: 12996: 12993: 12991: 12988: 12986: 12983: 12981: 12978: 12976: 12973: 12971: 12968: 12966: 12963: 12961: 12958: 12956: 12953: 12951: 12948: 12946: 12943: 12941: 12938: 12936: 12933: 12931: 12928: 12926: 12923: 12921: 12918: 12916: 12913: 12911: 12908: 12906: 12903: 12901: 12898: 12896: 12893: 12891: 12888: 12886: 12883: 12881: 12878: 12876: 12873: 12871: 12868: 12866: 12863: 12861: 12858: 12856: 12853: 12851: 12848: 12846: 12843: 12841: 12838: 12836: 12833: 12831: 12828: 12826: 12823: 12821: 12818: 12816: 12813: 12811: 12808: 12806: 12803: 12801: 12798: 12796: 12793: 12791: 12788: 12786: 12783: 12781: 12778: 12776: 12773: 12771: 12768: 12766: 12763: 12761: 12758: 12756: 12753: 12751: 12748: 12746: 12743: 12741: 12738: 12736: 12733: 12731: 12728: 12726: 12723: 12721: 12718: 12716: 12713: 12711: 12708: 12706: 12703: 12701: 12698: 12696: 12693: 12691: 12688: 12686: 12683: 12681: 12678: 12676: 12673: 12671: 12668: 12666: 12663: 12661: 12658: 12656: 12653: 12651: 12648: 12646: 12643: 12641: 12638: 12636: 12633: 12631: 12628: 12626: 12623: 12621: 12618: 12616: 12613: 12611: 12608: 12606: 12603: 12601: 12598: 12596: 12593: 12591: 12588: 12586: 12583: 12581: 12578: 12576: 12573: 12571: 12568: 12566: 12563: 12561: 12558: 12556: 12553: 12551: 12548: 12546: 12543: 12541: 12538: 12536: 12533: 12531: 12528: 12526: 12523: 12521: 12518: 12516: 12513: 12511: 12508: 12506: 12503: 12501: 12498: 12496: 12493: 12491: 12488: 12486: 12483: 12481: 12478: 12476: 12473: 12471: 12468: 12466: 12463: 12461: 12458: 12456: 12453: 12451: 12448: 12446: 12443: 12441: 12438: 12436: 12433: 12431: 12428: 12426: 12423: 12421: 12418: 12416: 12413: 12411: 12408: 12406: 12403: 12401: 12398: 12396: 12393: 12391: 12388: 12386: 12383: 12381: 12378: 12376: 12373: 12371: 12368: 12366: 12363: 12361: 12358: 12356: 12353: 12351: 12348: 12346: 12343: 12341: 12338: 12336: 12333: 12331: 12328: 12326: 12323: 12321: 12318: 12316: 12313: 12311: 12308: 12306: 12303: 12301: 12298: 12296: 12293: 12291: 12288: 12286: 12283: 12281: 12278: 12276: 12273: 12271: 12268: 12266: 12263: 12261: 12258: 12256: 12253: 12251: 12248: 12246: 12243: 12241: 12238: 12236: 12233: 12231: 12228: 12226: 12223: 12221: 12218: 12216: 12213: 12211: 12208: 12206: 12203: 12201: 12198: 12196: 12193: 12191: 12188: 12186: 12183: 12181: 12178: 12176: 12173: 12171: 12168: 12166: 12163: 12161: 12158: 12156: 12153: 12151: 12148: 12146: 12143: 12141: 12138: 12136: 12133: 12131: 12128: 12126: 12123: 12121: 12118: 12116: 12113: 12111: 12108: 12106: 12103: 12101: 12098: 12096: 12093: 12091: 12088: 12086: 12083: 12081: 12078: 12076: 12073: 12071: 12068: 12066: 12063: 12061: 12058: 12056: 12053: 12051: 12048: 12046: 12043: 12041: 12038: 12034: 12031: 12030: 12029: 12026: 12024: 12021: 12019: 12016: 12014: 12011: 12009: 12006: 12004: 12001: 12000: 11998: 11994: 11989: 11982: 11977: 11975: 11970: 11968: 11963: 11962: 11959: 11951: 11947: 11946: 11938: 11934: 11932: 11928: 11924: 11921: 11919: 11916: 11914: 11911: 11909: 11906: 11904: 11901: 11900: 11895: 11892: 11883: 11878: 11873: 11861: 11858: 11854: 11850: 11846: 11842: 11838: 11834: 11829: 11825: 11821: 11817: 11812: 11808: 11804: 11800: 11795: 11791: 11785: 11781: 11776: 11772: 11766: 11762: 11761: 11755: 11751: 11745: 11741: 11736: 11729: 11722: 11721: 11715: 11710: 11704: 11700: 11699: 11693: 11689: 11683: 11679: 11674: 11670: 11664: 11660: 11655: 11651: 11649:0-8157-7773-6 11645: 11641: 11636: 11632: 11626: 11622: 11617: 11613: 11611:0-691-02101-5 11607: 11603: 11602: 11596: 11592: 11586: 11582: 11577: 11573: 11569: 11564: 11560: 11554: 11550: 11545: 11540: 11534: 11530: 11529: 11523: 11520: 11516: 11512: 11506: 11502: 11501: 11495: 11491: 11485: 11481: 11476: 11472: 11466: 11462: 11457: 11453: 11447: 11443: 11438: 11434: 11428: 11424: 11423: 11417: 11413: 11407: 11403: 11402: 11396: 11392: 11388: 11384: 11378: 11374: 11369: 11365: 11361: 11357: 11351: 11347: 11342: 11338: 11334: 11330: 11329: 11323: 11319: 11313: 11306: 11305: 11299: 11295: 11293:0-942548-11-6 11289: 11285: 11280: 11276: 11270: 11266: 11265: 11259: 11255: 11251: 11247: 11246: 11240: 11236: 11232: 11228: 11227: 11219: 11214: 11210: 11204: 11200: 11195: 11191: 11185: 11181: 11176: 11172: 11168: 11167: 11162: 11158: 11157:Gunston, Bill 11154: 11149: 11143: 11139: 11134: 11130: 11126: 11121: 11117: 11111: 11107: 11102: 11098: 11092: 11088: 11083: 11079: 11073: 11069: 11064: 11060: 11054: 11050: 11045: 11041: 11035: 11031: 11026: 11022: 11016: 11012: 11007: 11003: 10999: 10995: 10989: 10985: 10981: 10976: 10972: 10968: 10964: 10960: 10959: 10953: 10949: 10943: 10939: 10934: 10930: 10924: 10920: 10919: 10913: 10910: 10906: 10902: 10898: 10893: 10889: 10885: 10880: 10876: 10870: 10866: 10861: 10856: 10850: 10846: 10841: 10837: 10831: 10827: 10822: 10818: 10814: 10810: 10805: 10800: 10794: 10790: 10785: 10781: 10775: 10771: 10766: 10762: 10756: 10752: 10747: 10743: 10739: 10735: 10730: 10726: 10720: 10716: 10711: 10707: 10706: 10701: 10696: 10692: 10686: 10682: 10677: 10676: 10662: 10655: 10647: 10643: 10636: 10634: 10617: 10613: 10609: 10603: 10588: 10584: 10578: 10576: 10574: 10572: 10570: 10568: 10566: 10564: 10562: 10554: 10551: 10546: 10539: 10536: 10532: 10529: 10524: 10517: 10514: 10510: 10507: 10506: 10499: 10491: 10485: 10476: 10469: 10464: 10457: 10454: 10448: 10440: 10436: 10430: 10415: 10411: 10405: 10390: 10386: 10380: 10365: 10361: 10357: 10353: 10346: 10344: 10328: 10324: 10318: 10310: 10306: 10300: 10293: 10288: 10281: 10276: 10260: 10256: 10252: 10245: 10237: 10233: 10226: 10218: 10214: 10210: 10203: 10188: 10184: 10178: 10171: 10166: 10158: 10154: 10147: 10140: 10135: 10124: 10120: 10113: 10107: 10099: 10095: 10091: 10087: 10083: 10079: 10078: 10073: 10066: 10058: 10054: 10048: 10040: 10036: 10029: 10021: 10017: 10011: 10009: 10000: 9996: 9990: 9988: 9986: 9970: 9966: 9960: 9952: 9948: 9942: 9940: 9938: 9929: 9925: 9919: 9904: 9900: 9894: 9886: 9882: 9876: 9874: 9872: 9870: 9853: 9847: 9831: 9827: 9823: 9817: 9801: 9797: 9791: 9776: 9772: 9766: 9764: 9762: 9746: 9742: 9736: 9720: 9714: 9712: 9703: 9702:Barksdale AFB 9699: 9693: 9691: 9689: 9680: 9676: 9669: 9661: 9657: 9650: 9648: 9646: 9644: 9635: 9629: 9623:, p. 55. 9622: 9617: 9611:, p. 27. 9610: 9605: 9599:, p. 52. 9598: 9593: 9591: 9583: 9580: 9575: 9567: 9563: 9559: 9553: 9537: 9531: 9524: 9519: 9517: 9510:, p. 86. 9509: 9504: 9502: 9500: 9491: 9487: 9480: 9473: 9469: 9468:Phillips 1998 9464: 9457: 9452: 9450: 9443:, p. 53. 9442: 9437: 9418: 9412: 9406:, p. 59. 9405: 9400: 9393: 9388: 9386: 9384: 9382: 9380: 9378: 9371:, p. 70. 9370: 9365: 9359:, p. 26. 9358: 9353: 9351: 9349: 9341: 9336: 9334: 9325: 9324: 9319: 9313: 9305: 9298: 9290: 9286: 9282: 9276: 9268: 9262: 9254: 9250: 9243: 9235: 9231: 9225: 9217: 9210: 9202: 9198: 9191: 9183: 9179: 9173: 9166: 9155: 9151: 9144: 9136: 9132: 9125: 9117: 9116:Defense Daily 9113: 9106: 9098: 9094: 9090: 9086: 9079: 9071: 9067: 9063: 9056: 9048: 9044: 9038: 9030: 9026: 9020: 9009: 9005: 8998: 8991: 8983: 8976: 8970: 8962: 8958: 8951: 8943: 8936: 8929: 8926: 8922: 8919: 8913: 8905: 8901: 8894: 8886: 8885: 8880: 8873: 8865: 8859: 8851: 8850:Defense Daily 8847: 8840: 8832: 8828: 8822: 8814: 8813:War Is Boring 8810: 8804: 8788: 8784: 8780: 8774: 8766: 8765:War is Boring 8762: 8756: 8745: 8738: 8731: 8723: 8716: 8709: 8698: 8691: 8684: 8676: 8669: 8662: 8657: 8649: 8645: 8639: 8632: 8627: 8619: 8615: 8608: 8601: 8596: 8580: 8574: 8568:, p. 44. 8567: 8562: 8555: 8550: 8544:, p. 48. 8543: 8538: 8531: 8526: 8519: 8514: 8507: 8502: 8494: 8490: 8484: 8478:, p. 50. 8477: 8472: 8465: 8460: 8458: 8450: 8445: 8437: 8433: 8427: 8425: 8416: 8412: 8408: 8401: 8394: 8393:Anderton 1985 8389: 8383:, p. 41. 8382: 8377: 8371:, p. 39. 8370: 8365: 8358: 8353: 8345: 8341: 8334: 8318: 8314: 8310: 8304: 8288: 8284: 8280: 8273: 8257: 8253: 8249: 8243: 8236: 8231: 8222: 8220: 8212: 8211:McCarthy 2009 8207: 8205: 8197: 8192: 8186:, p. 19. 8185: 8184:McCarthy 2009 8180: 8178: 8176: 8168: 8167:McCarthy 2009 8163: 8161: 8159: 8151: 8150:McCarthy 2009 8146: 8139: 8134: 8128:, p. 32. 8127: 8122: 8115: 8111: 8107: 8102: 8094: 8090: 8084: 8076: 8075: 8070: 8064: 8057: 8054: 8049: 8043:, p. 37. 8042: 8037: 8035: 8033: 8031: 8029: 8020: 8016: 8009: 8002: 7997: 7990: 7985: 7983: 7976:, p. 30. 7975: 7970: 7964:, p. 52. 7963: 7962:Schlight 1988 7958: 7951: 7946: 7939: 7936: 7930: 7923: 7922:Schwartz 1998 7918: 7910: 7898: 7897: 7890: 7883: 7879: 7874: 7867: 7862: 7860: 7852: 7848: 7843: 7836: 7831: 7823: 7822: 7817: 7810: 7803: 7798: 7791: 7788: 7783: 7776: 7772: 7767: 7756: 7752: 7751: 7743: 7736: 7721: 7717: 7710: 7702: 7698: 7694: 7690: 7686: 7682: 7678: 7674: 7673: 7665: 7658: 7653: 7645: 7641: 7635: 7628: 7623: 7616: 7611: 7605:, p. 42. 7604: 7599: 7592: 7587: 7580: 7575: 7573: 7565: 7560: 7553: 7548: 7546: 7544: 7536: 7531: 7524: 7519: 7512: 7507: 7505: 7497: 7492: 7485: 7480: 7473: 7468: 7466: 7457: 7453: 7446: 7431: 7427: 7420: 7418: 7416: 7407: 7403: 7396: 7381: 7377: 7370: 7368: 7348: 7344: 7337: 7331: 7320: 7319: 7318:Aviation Week 7314: 7308: 7292: 7285: 7279: 7272: 7267: 7260: 7248: 7241: 7235:, p. 39. 7234: 7229: 7214: 7210: 7204: 7196: 7189: 7181: 7177: 7170: 7162: 7158: 7151: 7135: 7131: 7124: 7109: 7105: 7098: 7091: 7087: 7082: 7075: 7070: 7063: 7059: 7054: 7047: 7042: 7035: 7030: 7023: 7018: 7011: 7006: 6999: 6994: 6988:, p. 89. 6987: 6982: 6975: 6970: 6962: 6958: 6951: 6944: 6933: 6926: 6919: 6912: 6909: 6905: 6902: 6897: 6895: 6888:, p. 38. 6887: 6882: 6875: 6870: 6863: 6858: 6850: 6846: 6839: 6837: 6835: 6833: 6826:, p. 15. 6825: 6820: 6813: 6808: 6806: 6789: 6783: 6767: 6761: 6753: 6752: 6747: 6740: 6733: 6732:Sorenson 1995 6728: 6721: 6716: 6714: 6706: 6701: 6699: 6691: 6687: 6682: 6675: 6671: 6666: 6651: 6647: 6640: 6633: 6628: 6621: 6616: 6609: 6604: 6596: 6590: 6582: 6578: 6572: 6570: 6561: 6557: 6551: 6543: 6542: 6537: 6530: 6522: 6518: 6511: 6503: 6499: 6495: 6488: 6480: 6476: 6472: 6466: 6458: 6457: 6452: 6445: 6430: 6426: 6419: 6413: 6409: 6405: 6402: 6397: 6395: 6387: 6382: 6375: 6372: 6367: 6360: 6356: 6351: 6345:, p. 71. 6344: 6339: 6332: 6328: 6323: 6316: 6311: 6309: 6301: 6296: 6289: 6284: 6282: 6274: 6269: 6262: 6257: 6250: 6245: 6238: 6233: 6227:, p. 85. 6226: 6221: 6214: 6209: 6207: 6199: 6194: 6187: 6182: 6175: 6170: 6163: 6158: 6151: 6146: 6139: 6134: 6127: 6122: 6120: 6118: 6110: 6105: 6098: 6093: 6087:, p. 82. 6086: 6081: 6074: 6069: 6053: 6049: 6043: 6036: 6031: 6029: 6020: 6014: 6010: 6009: 6001: 5994: 5989: 5982: 5977: 5970: 5965: 5958: 5953: 5946: 5941: 5935:, p. 60. 5934: 5930: 5925: 5919:, p. 57. 5918: 5913: 5906: 5901: 5885: 5879: 5863: 5859: 5853: 5846: 5841: 5834: 5829: 5814: 5813: 5808: 5801: 5793: 5789: 5782: 5781: 5773: 5765: 5761: 5754: 5747: 5742: 5735: 5730: 5723: 5719: 5714: 5707: 5702: 5687: 5679: 5672: 5671: 5666: 5659: 5652: 5651: 5646: 5639: 5637: 5629: 5624: 5617: 5612: 5605: 5600: 5593: 5589: 5584: 5577: 5572: 5566:, p. 34. 5565: 5560: 5554:, p. 30. 5553: 5548: 5541: 5536: 5530:, p. 23. 5529: 5524: 5522: 5515:, p. 22. 5514: 5509: 5502: 5498: 5493: 5487:, p. 21. 5486: 5481: 5475:, p. 19. 5474: 5469: 5462: 5457: 5450: 5445: 5443: 5435: 5430: 5423: 5418: 5416: 5414: 5405: 5401: 5394: 5386: 5382: 5376: 5368: 5364: 5358: 5356: 5354: 5338: 5334: 5327: 5320: 5315: 5307: 5306: 5299: 5291: 5287: 5283: 5277: 5269: 5265: 5258: 5242: 5238: 5232: 5217: 5213: 5207: 5205: 5203: 5201: 5199: 5197: 5188: 5184: 5178: 5176: 5174: 5166: 5161: 5159: 5154: 5138: 5129: 5122: 5116: 5109: 5105: 5104:Convair YB-60 5101: 5094: 5087: 5086:Mackay Trophy 5081: 5072: 5063: 5056: 5050: 5046: 5036: 5033: 5031: 5028: 5026: 5023: 5021: 5018: 5017: 5016: 5015: 5014:Related lists 5009: 5008:Tupolev Tu-95 5006: 5004: 5001: 4999: 4998:Convair YB-60 4996: 4992: 4989: 4987: 4984: 4982: 4979: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4972: 4971: 4970: 4964: 4963:Conroy Virtus 4961: 4960: 4959: 4958: 4952: 4949: 4946: 4943: 4942: 4938: 4927: 4920: 4918: 4914: 4910: 4909: 4904: 4898: 4885: 4882: 4878: 4874: 4871: 4868: 4865: 4861: 4858: 4854: 4852: 4848: 4845: 4841: 4838: 4834: 4831: 4828: 4824: 4821: 4818: 4816: 4813: 4810: 4807: 4804: 4801: 4798: 4795: 4791: 4790: 4789: 4786: 4778: 4775: 4772: 4769: 4765: 4762: 4761: 4760: 4757: 4749: 4747: 4743: 4740: 4738: 4737:Thrust/weight 4734: 4731: 4730:Wing loading: 4728: 4725: 4722: 4719: 4716: 4713: 4710: 4707: 4706:Combat range: 4704: 4701: 4700:Cruise speed: 4698: 4695: 4692: 4691: 4690: 4688: 4680: 4676: 4672: 4669: 4666: 4664: 4660: 4658:(4.42 m) 4653: 4652: 4648: 4645: 4643: 4639: 4636: 4633: 4630: 4627: 4624: 4623:Gross weight: 4621: 4618: 4617:Empty weight: 4615: 4612: 4609: 4607: 4603: 4600: 4597: 4594: 4591: 4588: 4585: 4582: 4579: 4576: 4572: 4568: 4564: 4560: 4556: 4553: 4552: 4551: 4549: 4544: 4542: 4535: 4530: 4522: 4509: 4497: 4482: 4469: 4465: 4461: 4457: 4456:Barksdale AFB 4453: 4449: 4446: 4445:Fairchild AFB 4442: 4438: 4434: 4431: 4427: 4424:, crashed on 4423: 4419: 4418:Fairchild AFB 4415: 4412: 4408: 4404: 4400: 4396: 4392: 4388: 4387: 4383: 4379: 4374: 4367: 4363: 4359: 4355: 4351: 4347: 4343: 4339: 4335: 4330: 4326: 4322: 4318: 4315: 4311: 4307: 4303: 4299: 4296: 4292: 4288: 4284: 4280: 4276: 4272: 4269: 4265: 4264:nuclear bombs 4261: 4257: 4253: 4250: 4246: 4245: 4241: 4237: 4232: 4225: 4221: 4217: 4213: 4209: 4206: 4202: 4198: 4195: 4191: 4187: 4183: 4179: 4176: 4175:Burns, Oregon 4172: 4168: 4164: 4161: 4158: 4157:Ellsworth AFB 4154: 4151: 4148: 4147:New Brunswick 4144: 4141: 4137: 4136: 4135: 4131: 4125: 4108: 4104: 4101: 4097: 4096: 4094: 4093: 4092: 4089: 4081: 4078: 4076: 4073: 4072: 4070: 4067: 4066: 4065: 4062: 4056: 4053: 4052: 4050: 4047: 4046: 4045: 4042: 4036: 4033: 4031: 4028: 4027: 4025: 4021: 4020:5th Bomb Wing 4018: 4014: 4011: 4009: 4006: 4004: 4001: 4000: 3998: 3995: 3994: 3993: 3990: 3983: 3980: 3979: 3977: 3973: 3970: 3965: 3962: 3961: 3960: 3956: 3953: 3952: 3951: 3948: 3947: 3945: 3942: 3941: 3938: 3937:United States 3935: 3934: 3929: 3921: 3916: 3903: 3902: 3896: 3892: 3887: 3886: 3880: 3877: 3873: 3869: 3861: 3857: 3853: 3850: 3841: 3837: 3836: 3830: 3826: 3825: 3819: 3814: 3810: 3805: 3801: 3793: 3789: 3784: 3777: 3773: 3768: 3764: 3763: 3757: 3753: 3749: 3743: 3742: 3736: 3731: 3726: 3725: 3718: 3717: 3710: 3709: 3704:searchlights. 3702: 3698: 3697:Rivet Rambler 3694: 3690: 3681: 3677: 3676: 3668: 3667: 3661: 3655: 3654: 3650: 3645: 3641: 3636: 3635: 3629: 3625: 3623: 3615: 3607: 3603: 3602: 3596: 3592: 3591: 3584: 3580: 3571: 3567: 3566: 3559: 3555: 3549: 3548: 3541: 3540: 3533: 3532: 3528: 3521: 3518: 3515: 3514: 3510: 3507: 3504: 3503: 3499: 3496: 3493: 3492: 3488: 3485: 3482: 3481: 3477: 3474: 3471: 3470: 3466: 3463: 3460: 3459: 3455: 3452: 3449: 3448: 3444: 3441: 3438: 3437: 3434: 3431: 3428: 3427: 3424:29 June 1955 3423: 3420: 3417: 3416: 3413: 3410: 3407: 3406: 3402: 3395: 3392: 3391: 3387: 3384: 3381: 3380: 3376: 3369: 3366: 3365: 3361: 3358: 3355: 3354: 3343: 3341: 3337: 3332: 3330: 3325: 3323: 3318: 3316: 3311: 3308: 3304: 3300: 3296: 3291: 3288: 3284: 3279: 3275: 3261: 3257: 3253: 3249: 3243: 3241: 3237: 3233: 3228: 3220: 3216: 3214: 3205: 3201: 3199: 3195: 3190: 3188: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3167: 3159: 3150: 3148: 3144: 3141: 3137: 3132: 3128: 3123: 3119: 3117: 3113: 3112:Kuril Islands 3109: 3105: 3104:Falklands War 3100: 3091: 3089: 3084: 3079: 3077: 3073: 3069: 3062: 3058: 3054: 3053:2nd Bomb Wing 3049: 3045: 3043: 3035: 3031: 3028: 3024: 3020: 3017: 3013: 3009: 3008:2nd Bomb Wing 3005: 3001: 2998: 2996: 2995:5th Bomb Wing 2992: 2988: 2985: 2984: 2983: 2980: 2978: 2974: 2973:In HARM's Way 2970: 2966: 2962: 2957: 2954: 2953: 2947: 2942: 2939: 2935: 2931: 2927: 2923: 2919: 2918:AGM-86C CALCM 2915: 2914:Vulcan bomber 2911: 2907: 2899: 2895: 2891: 2886: 2881: 2871: 2869: 2866:(START). The 2865: 2860: 2853: 2849: 2845: 2841: 2840: 2839: 2835: 2833: 2832:nuclear triad 2828: 2825: 2816: 2815:Lockheed D-21 2811: 2807: 2805: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2789: 2785: 2775: 2771: 2769: 2768:aerial combat 2765: 2761: 2757: 2753: 2749: 2745: 2741: 2738: 2734: 2729: 2727: 2723: 2719: 2715: 2711: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2691: 2681: 2672: 2670: 2666: 2662: 2658: 2653: 2651: 2645: 2642: 2636: 2630: 2622: 2620: 2615: 2613: 2609: 2605: 2601: 2597: 2593: 2584: 2580: 2578: 2574: 2570: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2540: 2535: 2525: 2523: 2519: 2515: 2510: 2507: 2503: 2499: 2494: 2491: 2487: 2483: 2479: 2474: 2472: 2467: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2443: 2438: 2436: 2432: 2428: 2424: 2416: 2411: 2406: 2396: 2394: 2390: 2386: 2380: 2378: 2377: 2372: 2368: 2364: 2363: 2358: 2354: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2334: 2329: 2325: 2322: 2312: 2310: 2307:(93rd BW) at 2306: 2285: 2280: 2276: 2273: 2270: 2267: 2264: 2263: 2259: 2256: 2253: 2250: 2237: 2233: 2227: 2222: 2217: 2212: 2207: 2202: 2197: 2192: 2189: 2188: 2182: 2177: 2172: 2167: 2162: 2157: 2152: 2147: 2142: 2138: 2132: 2127: 2122: 2117: 2112: 2107: 2102: 2099: 2096: 2095: 2089: 2086: 2083: 2080: 2077: 2074: 2071: 2068: 2063: 2059: 2055: 2052: 2049: 2046: 2043: 2040: 2037: 2034: 2032: 2029: 2026: 2025: 2019: 2014: 2009: 2004: 1999: 1994: 1989: 1984: 1982: 1979: 1976: 1975: 1969: 1964: 1959: 1954: 1949: 1944: 1939: 1934: 1932: 1929: 1926: 1925: 1919: 1916: 1915: 1893: 1890: 1887: 1882: 1878: 1875: 1872: 1869: 1866: 1863: 1860: 1857: 1852: 1849: 1847: 1846: 1835: 1833: 1827: 1818: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1800: 1797: 1793: 1788: 1771: 1766: 1757: 1755: 1752: 1747: 1743: 1741: 1735: 1733: 1729: 1725: 1721: 1712: 1703: 1701: 1697: 1693: 1689: 1685: 1680: 1676: 1673: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1658: 1653: 1651: 1647: 1646:AGM-158 JASSM 1643: 1639: 1635: 1629: 1627: 1622: 1618: 1615: 1609: 1607: 1606:AGM-137 TSSAM 1603: 1598: 1594: 1591: 1587: 1583: 1579: 1575: 1565: 1558: 1554: 1549: 1542: 1539:A B-52D with 1537: 1528: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1514: 1510: 1506: 1502: 1499:In 2007, the 1497: 1495: 1494:Space Shuttle 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1470: 1468: 1464: 1463:Rivet Rambler 1460: 1456: 1451: 1442: 1433: 1431: 1426: 1421: 1416: 1415:application. 1414: 1410: 1406: 1401: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1380: 1376: 1366: 1364: 1363:Michael Wynne 1361: 1357: 1354: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1333: 1329: 1324: 1320: 1318: 1314: 1310: 1306: 1305:Marman clamps 1302: 1298: 1294: 1291:replacement ( 1290: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1273: 1269: 1265: 1263: 1260: 1256: 1242: 1238: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1228: 1224: 1220: 1211: 1208: 1205: 1200: 1197: 1194: 1190: 1185: 1181: 1177: 1166: 1161: 1152: 1147: 1141: 1139: 1135: 1125: 1121: 1119: 1114: 1110: 1104: 1098: 1092: 1090: 1080: 1077: 1075: 1072: 1070: 1067: 1065: 1062: 1060: 1057: 1055: 1052: 1050: 1047: 1045: 1042: 1040: 1037: 1035: 1032: 1030: 1027: 1026: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1012: 1010: 1008: 1006: 1004: 1002: 1000: 998: 995: 994: 991: 988: 986: 983: 980: 978: 976: 974: 972: 970: 968: 966: 963: 962: 959: 956: 954: 951: 948: 945: 943: 941: 939: 937: 935: 933: 930: 929: 926: 923: 921: 918: 916: 913: 911: 909: 907: 905: 903: 901: 898: 897: 894: 891: 889: 886: 884: 881: 878: 876: 874: 872: 870: 868: 865: 864: 861: 858: 856: 853: 851: 849: 846: 843: 840: 838: 836: 834: 831: 830: 827: 824: 822: 819: 817: 815: 813: 811: 808: 805: 802: 800: 797: 796: 793: 790: 788: 785: 783: 781: 779: 777: 774: 771: 768: 766: 763: 762: 759: 756: 754: 751: 749: 747: 745: 743: 741: 739: 736: 734: 731: 730: 727: 724: 722: 719: 717: 715: 713: 711: 709: 707: 705: 702: 699: 698: 694: 691: 687: 683: 679: 675: 671: 667: 663: 659: 658: 649: 643: 637: 635: 631: 627: 623: 619: 615: 611: 607: 603: 593: 584: 580: 572: 568: 566: 562: 558: 554: 549: 546: 542: 538: 533: 530: 527: 523: 516: 512: 507: 500: 496: 492: 488: 483: 477:Design effort 474: 464: 460: 456: 452: 448: 444: 440: 435: 433: 427: 425: 421: 416: 413: 401: 398: 393: 391: 387: 383: 378: 374: 370: 356: 342: 323: 321: 317: 313: 309: 305: 301: 300:5th Bomb Wing 297: 296:2nd Bomb Wing 293: 289: 285: 284: 279: 274: 272: 268: 264: 261: 257: 253: 248: 246: 242: 238: 234: 230: 229:maiden flight 226: 222: 218: 214: 213:straight wing 209: 207: 203: 199: 195: 191: 188: 184: 180: 170: 166: 152: 148: 145:February 1955 144: 140: 136: 132: 127: 123: 119: 115:(historical) 114: 110: 107: 105:Primary users 103: 100: 97: 95: 91: 88:United States 87: 83: 80: 77: 74: 70: 65: 60: 59:Barksdale AFB 57:A B-52H from 54: 49: 44: 41: 37: 33: 19: 16124: 16036: 15894: 15500: 15174:Heavy bomber 15072:Light bomber 14927:Bird of Prey 14523: 13953: 13798: 13788: 11949: 11943: 11931:Bill Gunston 11926: 11894:FlightGlobal 11848: 11832: 11815: 11807:the original 11802: 11779: 11759: 11739: 11728:the original 11719: 11697: 11677: 11658: 11639: 11620: 11600: 11580: 11571: 11548: 11527: 11518: 11499: 11479: 11460: 11441: 11421: 11400: 11372: 11345: 11326: 11303: 11283: 11263: 11243: 11230: 11224: 11198: 11179: 11171:the original 11164: 11137: 11128: 11105: 11086: 11067: 11048: 11029: 11010: 10983: 10979: 10962: 10956: 10937: 10917: 10900: 10883: 10864: 10844: 10825: 10817:the original 10812: 10788: 10769: 10750: 10737: 10714: 10703: 10680: 10672:Bibliography 10654: 10645: 10620:. Retrieved 10602: 10593:13 September 10591:, retrieved 10586: 10552: 10545: 10537: 10523: 10515: 10504: 10498: 10484: 10475: 10463: 10455: 10447: 10438: 10429: 10419:28 September 10417:. Retrieved 10413: 10404: 10394:28 September 10392:. Retrieved 10388: 10379: 10369:28 September 10367:. Retrieved 10355: 10332:28 September 10330:. Retrieved 10326: 10317: 10309:the original 10299: 10287: 10280:Collins 2016 10275: 10263:. Retrieved 10254: 10244: 10235: 10225: 10212: 10202: 10190:. Retrieved 10186: 10177: 10165: 10157:El Paso News 10156: 10146: 10134: 10123:the original 10106: 10081: 10075: 10065: 10056: 10047: 10038: 10028: 10019: 9998: 9972:. Retrieved 9968: 9959: 9950: 9927: 9918: 9906:. Retrieved 9902: 9893: 9884: 9856:. Retrieved 9846: 9834:. Retrieved 9825: 9816: 9804:. Retrieved 9790: 9778:. Retrieved 9774: 9748:. Retrieved 9744: 9735: 9723:. Retrieved 9701: 9678: 9668: 9659: 9628: 9621:Andrade 1979 9616: 9604: 9581: 9574: 9566:the original 9561: 9552: 9540:. Retrieved 9530: 9489: 9479: 9463: 9441:Skipper 2024 9436: 9424:. Retrieved 9411: 9404:Willis 2005a 9399: 9369:Willis 2005a 9364: 9321: 9312: 9297: 9285:Military.com 9284: 9275: 9261: 9252: 9242: 9233: 9224: 9209: 9200: 9190: 9181: 9172: 9157: 9153: 9143: 9135:The Atlantic 9134: 9124: 9115: 9105: 9088: 9078: 9070:the original 9065: 9055: 9046: 9037: 9028: 9019: 9008:the original 9003: 8990: 8969: 8960: 8950: 8935: 8927: 8912: 8903: 8893: 8882: 8872: 8858: 8849: 8839: 8830: 8821: 8812: 8803: 8791:. Retrieved 8782: 8773: 8764: 8755: 8730: 8721: 8708: 8683: 8668: 8656: 8647: 8638: 8631:Willis 2005b 8626: 8618:The Guardian 8617: 8607: 8595: 8583:. Retrieved 8573: 8561: 8549: 8537: 8525: 8513: 8501: 8493:FlightGlobal 8492: 8483: 8476:Willis 2005b 8471: 8449:Willis 2005b 8444: 8415:the original 8410: 8400: 8388: 8381:Willis 2005b 8376: 8369:Willis 2005b 8364: 8352: 8343: 8333: 8321:. Retrieved 8317:the original 8312: 8303: 8291:. Retrieved 8287:the original 8272: 8260:. Retrieved 8256:the original 8251: 8242: 8230: 8191: 8145: 8133: 8121: 8101: 8092: 8083: 8072: 8063: 8055: 8048: 8018: 8008: 7996: 7969: 7957: 7945: 7937: 7929: 7917: 7907:– via 7901:. Retrieved 7895: 7889: 7873: 7842: 7830: 7819: 7809: 7797: 7789: 7782: 7771:Jenkins 1999 7766: 7748: 7735: 7723:. Retrieved 7719: 7709: 7676: 7670: 7664: 7657:Tillman 2007 7652: 7643: 7634: 7622: 7610: 7598: 7586: 7559: 7530: 7518: 7491: 7479: 7455: 7445: 7433:. Retrieved 7429: 7405: 7395: 7383:. Retrieved 7379: 7354:. Retrieved 7347:the original 7330: 7316: 7307: 7295:. Retrieved 7278: 7266: 7250: 7246: 7240: 7233:Jenkins 1999 7228: 7216:. Retrieved 7212: 7203: 7188: 7180:Military.com 7179: 7169: 7161:the original 7150: 7138:. Retrieved 7134:The War Zone 7133: 7123: 7111:. Retrieved 7107: 7097: 7081: 7069: 7053: 7041: 7029: 7017: 7010:Willis 2005b 7005: 6993: 6981: 6969: 6956: 6943: 6932:the original 6918: 6910: 6881: 6874:Willis 2005b 6869: 6857: 6849:the original 6819: 6792:. Retrieved 6782: 6770:. Retrieved 6760: 6749: 6739: 6727: 6681: 6665: 6653:. Retrieved 6649: 6639: 6627: 6615: 6603: 6589: 6580: 6559: 6550: 6539: 6529: 6520: 6510: 6487: 6474: 6465: 6454: 6444: 6432:. Retrieved 6428: 6418: 6403: 6386:Trimble 2009 6381: 6373: 6366: 6359:Trimble 2009 6350: 6338: 6327:Gunston 1957 6322: 6295: 6268: 6256: 6249:Gunston 1957 6244: 6232: 6220: 6193: 6181: 6169: 6157: 6145: 6133: 6104: 6092: 6080: 6068: 6056:. Retrieved 6052:the original 6042: 6007: 6000: 5988: 5976: 5964: 5952: 5940: 5924: 5912: 5900: 5888:. Retrieved 5878: 5866:. Retrieved 5862:the original 5852: 5840: 5828: 5816:. Retrieved 5810: 5800: 5779: 5772: 5763: 5753: 5741: 5729: 5713: 5701: 5689:. Retrieved 5669: 5649: 5623: 5611: 5599: 5583: 5571: 5559: 5547: 5535: 5508: 5492: 5480: 5468: 5456: 5429: 5403: 5393: 5375: 5342:24 September 5340:. Retrieved 5337:Defense News 5336: 5326: 5314: 5304: 5298: 5290:the original 5285: 5276: 5267: 5257: 5245:. Retrieved 5240: 5231: 5219:. Retrieved 5137: 5128: 5115: 5110:D (payload). 5106:(wingspan), 5102:(wingspan), 5093: 5080: 5071: 5062: 5049: 5013: 5012: 4968: 4967: 4956: 4955: 4906: 4900: 4875:AN/ALR-46 - 4844:false target 4835:AN/ALE-24 - 4825:AN/ALE-20 - 4784: 4782: 4776: 4763: 4755: 4753: 4744: 4735: 4729: 4723: 4717: 4712:Ferry range: 4711: 4705: 4699: 4693: 4686: 4684: 4670: 4663:Aspect ratio 4661: 4649: 4640: 4634: 4628: 4622: 4616: 4604: 4598: 4592: 4586: 4580: 4554: 4547: 4545: 4540: 4539: 4460:Andersen AFB 4451: 4436: 4354:Andersen AFB 4346:Carswell AFB 4186:Columbus AFB 4133: 3997:2d Bomb Wing 3900: 3899: 3884: 3883: 3855: 3834: 3833: 3822: 3800:B-58 Hustler 3761: 3760: 3755: 3751: 3747: 3740: 3739: 3723: 3722: 3715: 3714: 3707: 3706: 3696: 3688: 3674: 3673: 3665: 3664: 3652: 3651: 3648: 3633: 3632: 3627: 3618: 3599: 3590:B-52B/RB-52B 3589: 3588: 3564: 3563: 3561:maintenance. 3546: 3545: 3538: 3537: 3530: 3529: 3526: 3333: 3326: 3319: 3315:U.S. strikes 3312: 3292: 3280: 3276: 3244: 3229: 3225: 3212: 3210: 3191: 3184: 3124: 3120: 3101: 3097: 3080: 3065: 3039: 2991:North Dakota 2981: 2972: 2958: 2950: 2943: 2934:Diego Garcia 2926:RAF Fairford 2903: 2861: 2858: 2836: 2829: 2823: 2820: 2806:, Colorado. 2781: 2772: 2751: 2732: 2730: 2694:tail gunners 2687: 2654: 2647: 2641:Neil Sheehan 2638: 2625: 2616: 2591: 2589: 2551: 2547: 2545: 2511: 2506:ADM-20 Quail 2501: 2497: 2495: 2475: 2439: 2427:Soviet Union 2420: 2391:, Japan, to 2381: 2374: 2360: 2345:Bikini Atoll 2338: 2313: 2301: 2298:Introduction 2283: 2140:Flyaway cost 1828: 1801: 1789: 1767: 1763: 1748: 1744: 1736: 1720:leading edge 1717: 1681: 1677: 1674: 1654: 1630: 1625: 1610: 1571: 1498: 1471: 1466: 1462: 1449: 1447: 1417: 1402: 1398:landing gear 1372: 1337: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1300: 1296: 1292: 1284: 1276: 1271: 1266: 1251: 1234: 1225: 1201: 1198: 1165:MIL-STD-1760 1162: 1142: 1138:EF-111 Raven 1131: 1122: 1106: 1094: 1085: 1078: 1073: 1068: 1063: 1058: 1053: 1048: 1043: 1038: 1033: 1028: 1021: 1016: 989: 984: 957: 952: 924: 919: 892: 887: 859: 854: 825: 820: 791: 786: 757: 752: 725: 720: 610:Boeing Field 598: 581: 577: 550: 534: 519: 511:B-45 Tornado 436: 428: 420:Curtis LeMay 417: 394: 366: 291: 287: 282: 281: 277: 275: 273:in combat. 249: 223:engines and 210: 202:combat range 178: 176: 171:1952–present 150:First flight 134:Manufactured 121:Number built 94:Manufacturer 79:heavy bomber 40: 15910:(1960–1962) 15785:(1930–1962) 15619:(1935–1936) 15206:(1930–1962) 15065:(1924–1930) 15055:Tri-Service 14937:Phantom Ray 14932:Phantom Eye 14922:AFTI/F-111A 14864:Drones/UAVs 11929:article by 11680:. Praeger. 10292:Knaack 1988 10265:20 November 9908:19 December 9472:Knaack 1988 9340:Donald 1997 8566:Condor 1994 8530:Garvey 1999 8357:Holder 1978 8110:Condor 1994 8093:History.com 8041:Condor 1994 8001:Knaack 1988 7950:Hobson 2001 7878:Miller 1985 7866:Knaack 1988 7835:Knaack 1988 7821:Smithsonian 7679:(4): 3–71. 7627:Knaack 1988 7615:Knaack 1988 7603:Condor 1994 7591:Knaack 1988 7579:Knaack 1988 7564:Knaack 1988 7535:Knaack 1988 7511:Knaack 1988 7484:Knaack 1988 7472:Knaack 1988 7218:13 December 7034:Polmar 2005 6998:Polmar 2005 6974:Knaack 1988 6886:Condor 1994 6862:Knaack 1988 6720:Knaack 1988 6705:Knaack 1988 6690:Knaack 1988 6674:Knaack 1988 6632:Higham 2005 6620:Tegler 2000 6608:Tegler 2000 6404:DoDBuzz.com 6374:Proxify.org 6273:Bowers 1989 6237:Knaack 1988 6213:Knaack 1988 6198:Knaack 1988 6186:Knaack 1988 6174:Knaack 1988 6162:Knaack 1988 6150:Knaack 1988 6138:Knaack 1988 6126:Knaack 1988 6109:Knaack 1988 6097:Knaack 1988 6073:Knaack 1988 6035:Donald 1997 5981:Knaack 1988 5969:Knaack 1988 5957:Knaack 1988 5945:Knaack 1988 5929:Knaack 1988 5905:Knaack 1988 5890:28 February 5818:16 November 5746:Knaack 1988 5718:Knaack 1988 5691:29 February 5662:1700–1799: 5642:1634–1699: 5604:Knaack 1988 5592:Knaack 1988 5576:Knaack 1988 5540:Knaack 1988 5501:Knaack 1988 5461:Knaack 1988 5449:Knaack 1988 5434:Knaack 1988 5247:25 February 5165:Knaack 1988 5055:bowdlerized 4981:Avro Vulcan 4687:Performance 4671:Powerplant: 4656:sq ft 4654:47.60 3984:(Barksdale) 3966:(Barksdale) 3792:AGM-86 ALCM 3516:Grand total 3511:9 May 1961 3403:test units 3377:prototypes 3340:RAAF Tindal 3307:B-1 Lancers 3272:US$ 135,000 3252:direct fire 3213:Ghost Rider 3181:, in Qatar. 3131:Quickstrike 2961:Vympel R-27 2890:309th AMARG 2824:Pacer Plank 2752:Diamond Lil 2737:Thái Nguyên 2733:Diamond Lil 2718:Silver Star 2690:Vietnam War 2688:During the 2684:altogether. 2534:Vietnam War 2528:Vietnam War 2462:Giant Lance 2458:Round Robin 2450:Chrome Dome 2027:Electronics 1724:wing fences 1636:(JDAM) and 1626:Rapid Eight 1597:AGM-129 ACM 1574:AGM-69 SRAM 1553:AGM-69 SRAM 1465:(1971) and 1277:Pacer Plank 1272:High Stress 1236:Thunderbird 695:Cumulative 652:B-52 model 634:aeroelastic 630:aerodynamic 626:wind tunnel 557:swept wings 541:Pete Warden 451:flying wing 326:Development 225:swept wings 187:jet-powered 19015:Categories 13215:345-2/4/31 10622:11 January 10170:Sagan 1995 10117:(Report). 9771:"About Us" 9523:Boyne 2001 9456:Lake 2003a 9426:29 October 9392:Boyne 1982 8793:29 October 8323:3 November 8019:HistoryNet 7851:Spick 1986 7802:Spick 1986 7775:Spick 1986 7552:Lake 2003a 7523:Boyne 2001 7496:Boyne 2001 7271:Lake 2003b 7140:14 January 7074:Lake 2003b 6686:Lake 2003b 6475:Deagel.com 6331:Lake 2003b 6315:Lake 2003b 6300:Lake 2003b 6288:Lake 2003b 6261:Lake 2003a 5993:Cooke 1956 5319:Flinn 1997 5149:References 4917:the B-52's 4820:IBM AP-101 4771:M61 Vulcan 4651:Drag area: 4599:Wing area: 4479:See also: 4439:, 61–0026 4426:Hunts Mesa 4279:Mather AFB 4205:Larson AFB 4167:Larson AFB 4128:See also: 3868:M61 Vulcan 3778:, Virginia 3752:Hard Shell 3671:abandoned. 3489:June 1958 3456:June 1956 3388:prototype 3274:per hour. 3268:US$ 63,000 3264:US$ 72,000 3147:AN/APQ-166 2900:, Arizona. 2878:See also: 2786:'s B-52B " 2532:See also: 2464:. Bombers 2446:Head Start 2321:Alternator 1688:hypersonic 1513:CCD camera 1486:IBM AP-101 1450:Jolly Well 1430:Dutch roll 1425:spoilerons 1409:stabilator 1313:Hard Shell 1262:gun laying 1189:hardpoints 1146:AN/ARC-210 1118:Moses Lake 1097:long rifle 602:first flew 400:turboprops 397:Wright T35 241:deterrence 168:In service 160:1952-04-15 16914:A/B/E/F/N 14448:F/A-18E/F 11841:0143-5450 11824:0143-5450 11391:1473-9917 11364:1473-9917 11337:0306-5634 11254:0306-5634 11002:0959-7050 10971:0143-5450 10364:0362-4331 10084:(5): 28. 9836:30 August 9806:30 August 9609:Dorr 1990 9508:Tagg 2004 9357:Dorr 1990 9289:The Times 9097:0362-4331 8928:Air Force 8585:12 August 8554:Lake 2004 8542:Lake 2004 8126:Lake 2004 7974:Lake 2004 7847:Tagg 2004 7725:2 October 7701:154529784 7086:Lake 2001 7062:Lake 2001 6986:Tagg 2004 6670:Tagg 2004 6650:The Drive 6521:New Atlas 6355:Tagg 2004 6343:Eden 2004 6225:Tagg 2004 6085:Tagg 2004 6058:13 August 5933:Tagg 2004 5917:Tagg 2004 5845:Tagg 2004 5833:Tagg 2004 5734:Tagg 2004 5722:Tagg 2004 5706:Tagg 2004 5628:Tagg 2004 5616:Tagg 2004 5588:Tagg 2004 5564:Tagg 2004 5552:Tagg 2004 5528:Tagg 2004 5513:Tagg 2004 5497:Tagg 2004 5485:Tagg 2004 5473:Tagg 2004 5119:A B-52B, 4977:bombers: 4846:generator 4679:turbofans 4677:-P-3/103 4587:Wingspan: 4571:navigator 4541:Data from 4428:, in the 4407:plutonium 4340:) of the 4216:Biggs AFB 4149:, Canada. 3978:, Nevada 3972:57th Wing 3909:Operators 3895:AN/APG-82 3860:turbojets 3829:New START 3756:QuickClip 3748:Blue Band 3689:Big Belly 3143:AN/APG-82 3004:Louisiana 2946:M117 bomb 2855:(ALCM-A). 2629:Arc Light 2592:Big Belly 2548:South Bay 2486:low-level 2454:Hard Head 2343:over the 1826:billion. 1754:turbofans 1628:program. 1590:wing root 1511:), and a 1467:Rivet Ace 1317:QuickClip 1309:Blue Band 1299:program ( 1128:Upgrades 529:turbojets 217:turboprop 137:1952–1962 76:Strategic 14706:Trainers 14207:Missiles 14040:717 (II) 11996:Aircraft 11235:Archived 10742:Archived 10616:Archived 10610:(2009). 10531:Archived 10509:Archived 10259:Archived 10217:Archived 10213:HuffPost 10039:Felon 22 9974:12 March 9858:12 March 9830:Archived 9800:Archived 9323:ABC News 9201:The Hill 8921:Archived 8787:Archived 8744:Archived 8697:Archived 7755:Archived 7435:10 April 7385:28 April 6961:Archived 6904:Archived 6502:Archived 6479:Archived 6408:Archived 5886:. Boeing 5868:3 August 5792:98014703 5667:(1992). 5647:(1997). 5385:Archived 5367:Archived 5187:Archived 4923:See also 4879:digital 4864:ITT Inc. 4827:Infrared 4822:computer 4809:LITENING 4785:Avionics 4756:Armament 4462:, Guam, 4452:Raidr 21 3955:53d Wing 3852:turbofan 3849:TF33-P-3 3813:spoilers 3809:ailerons 3554:avionics 3359:Produced 3346:Variants 3336:ABC News 3248:standoff 3236:Oklahoma 3140:Raytheon 3136:Litening 3116:GIUK gap 3114:and the 2880:Gulf War 2817:B drones 2760:Colorado 2692:, B-52D 2669:Haiphong 2552:Sun Bath 2498:Big Four 2466:loitered 2442:Cold War 2405:Cold War 2399:Cold War 2349:Cherokee 2265:Current 2190:Current 2100:649,075 2097:Current 1941:11.328 M 1936:26.433 M 1927:Airframe 1917:Current 1809:Passport 1684:AGM-183A 1531:Armament 1523:and the 1469:(1973). 1436:Avionics 1420:ailerons 1405:elevator 1311:(1957), 1301:ECP 1195 1293:ECP 1185 1289:longeron 1285:ECP 1050 1281:wet wing 1255:bail out 1248:Overview 1204:APG-79B4 1109:turbofan 449:and the 237:Cold War 221:turbojet 183:subsonic 18988:957–967 18958:900–951 18951:900–999 18942:847–899 18932:835–845 18912:824–831 18872:808–816 18815:800–899 18806:755–799 18796:746–753 18741:700–735 18734:700–799 18118:A/B (I) 17973:600–699 17964:593–599 17944:581–589 17924:571–579 17914:561–569 17894:551–559 17874:543–549 17864:531–541 17854:521–529 17844:501–519 17832:500–599 16955:400–499 16926:381–397 16906:338–379 16656:300–399 16642:280–298 16632:240–278 16622:227–238 16455:200–299 16414:143–197 16113:100–199 15777:systems 15057:systems 14876:CQM-121 14845:OC-135B 14462:Bombers 14333:PW-9/FB 14253:Vessels 14065:Classic 14028:717 (I) 11925:a 1957 10892:1577826 10192:5 March 10086:Bibcode 9780:3 March 9750:3 March 9725:3 March 9704:. USAF. 9542:3 March 9160:US$ 550 9154:Fortune 8944:. USAF. 8293:2 March 8262:29 June 7693:2626731 7297:17 June 7254:US$ 4.7 7113:1 March 6794:1 March 6772:1 March 6434:1 March 5221:2 March 5121:Balls 8 4975:V Force 4913:beehive 4606:Airfoil 4593:Height: 4581:Length: 4563:copilot 4464:crashed 4441:crashed 4437:Czar 52 4411:uranium 4304:from a 4268:fatigue 4214:out of 3856:Hot Fan 3776:Hampton 3730:canards 3640:Balls 8 3608:in 2004 3601:Balls 8 3356:Variant 2936:in the 2726:Spokane 2661:sorties 2284:current 2277:13,444 2274:11,658 2271:11,658 2268:10,521 2229:105.7 M 2199:164.1 M 2194:322.8 M 2154:14.43 M 2149:28.38 M 2119:10.65 M 2114:6.441 M 2091:1.508 M 2069:57,067 2056:61,020 2053:66,374 2050:60,111 2047:54,933 2044:68,613 2041:71,397 2038:61,198 2035:50,761 2021:1.640 M 2016:1.428 M 2011:1.787 M 2006:1.257 M 2001:1.291 M 1996:1.513 M 1991:2.547 M 1986:2.848 M 1977:Engines 1971:6.076 M 1966:5.352 M 1961:3.772 M 1956:3.700 M 1951:4.654 M 1946:5.359 M 1921:1,137 M 1886:R&D 1854:X/YB-52 1821:US$ 2.6 1805:CF34-10 1782:US$ 1.3 1775:US$ 4.7 1706:Engines 1698:-armed 1696:nuclear 1694:(LRSO) 1642:AGM-154 1593:fairing 1328:testbed 1243:Airshow 1169:US$ 313 1155:US$ 1.1 1151:Link-16 1113:Wichita 692:Annual 646:Fiscal 614:Seattle 612:, near 405:US$ 1.7 331:Origins 158: ( 129:History 18840:L (II) 18703:S (II) 18433:A (II) 18368:A (II) 18123:B (II) 17746:L (II) 17530:L (II) 17268:G (II) 17126:M (II) 16052:RB-57F 16047:RB-57D 16006:RF-104 16001:RF-101 15708:FB-111 15536:RB-57F 15531:RB-57D 15405:NB-36H 14942:Skyfox 14871:YQM-94 14855:WC-135 14850:RC-135 14840:NC-135 14784:EC-135 14733:XAT-15 14697:KC-767 14682:KC-137 14677:KC-135 14611:CC-137 14484:Y1B-20 14453:EA-18G 14428:F-15EX 14318:Boeing 13969:853-21 13329:367-80 11988:Boeing 11927:Flight 11855: 11839: 11822: 11786: 11767: 11746: 11705: 11684: 11665: 11646: 11627: 11608: 11587: 11555: 11535: 11507: 11486: 11467: 11448: 11429: 11408: 11389: 11379: 11362: 11352: 11335: 11314: 11290: 11271: 11252: 11205: 11186: 11166:Flight 11144: 11112: 11093: 11074: 11055: 11036: 11017: 11000: 10990: 10969: 10944: 10925: 10907: 10890: 10871: 10851: 10832: 10795: 10776: 10757: 10738:Airman 10721: 10687: 10663:. CNN. 10362: 9721:. USAF 9422:. NASA 9306:. CNN. 9218:. CNN. 9163: 9095: 8581:. NASA 7903:5 June 7699: 7691: 7356:2 July 7257: 6655:1 July 6015: 5790: 5404:Medium 4869:system 4857:jammer 4777:Bombs: 4384:, 1966 4366:Saigon 3901:XR-16A 3864: 3818:radome 3754:, and 3724:NB-52E 3716:JB-52E 3666:RB-52C 3634:NB-52B 3565:NB-52A 3439:NB-52B 3429:RB-52B 3408:NB-52A 2969:AGM-88 2965:MiG-29 2898:Tucson 2838:were: 2804:Denver 2796:52-005 2764:bomber 2633: 2631:struck 2317: 2260:1,182 2257:1,025 2254:1,025 2224:87.5 M 2219:74.8 M 2214:67.6 M 2209:74.8 M 2204:82.3 M 2184:9.29 M 2179:7.69 M 2174:6.48 M 2169:5.94 M 2164:6.58 M 2159:7.24 M 2134:17.1 M 2129:9.63 M 2124:9.85 M 2109:3.46 M 2104:5.62 M 2087:847 K 2084:866 K 2081:936 K 2078:566 K 2075:304 K 2072:494 K 1879:B-52H 1876:B-52G 1873:B-52F 1870:B-52E 1867:B-52D 1864:B-52C 1861:B-52B 1858:B-52A 1824: 1785: 1778: 1519:, the 1382:rudder 1214:Design 1172: 1158: 1101: 1091:said: 655:Total 495:bubble 470: 467:US$ 30 412:mockup 408: 388:, and 377:cruise 258:, the 194:Boeing 99:Boeing 18835:L (I) 18698:S (I) 18428:A (I) 18363:A (I) 17766:L (I) 17741:L (I) 17525:L (I) 17263:G (I) 17121:M (I) 16967:B/C/N 16059:RB-66 16042:RB-57 16037:RB-52 16032:RB-47 16027:RB-29 16022:RB-17 15996:RF-80 15945:SR-72 15940:SR-71 15922:RS-71 15917:RS-70 15717:Other 15703:FB-22 15636:BLR-3 15631:BLR-2 15626:BLR-1 15489:B-50C 15467:B-47C 15400:B-36G 15358:B-29D 15144:LB-14 15139:LB-13 15134:LB-12 15129:LB-11 15124:LB-10 15047:USAAF 15043:USAAC 15039:USAAS 14997:YAL-1 14901:MQ-28 14896:MQ-27 14891:MQ-25 14886:RQ-21 14881:MQ-18 14824:E-767 14789:EC-18 14728:PT-27 14723:PT-18 14718:PT-17 14713:PT-13 14692:KC-46 14687:KC-10 14672:KC-97 14667:KB-50 14662:KB-29 14646:CT-43 14631:VC-25 14616:YC-14 14606:C-137 14601:C-135 14585:C-108 14544:XB-59 14539:XB-56 14534:XB-55 14509:XB-44 14504:YB-40 14499:XB-39 14494:XB-38 14474:XB-15 14443:AV-8B 14433:YF-22 14423:F-15E 14413:XP-32 14398:XP-15 14269:Other 14114:-4G4F 14104:-2G4B 14080:-800A 14075:-700W 11940:(PDF) 11731:(PDF) 11724:(PDF) 11308:(PDF) 11233:(5). 11221:(PDF) 10126:(PDF) 10115:(PDF) 9420:(PDF) 9011:(PDF) 9000:(PDF) 8978:(PDF) 8747:(PDF) 8740:(PDF) 8718:(PDF) 8700:(PDF) 8693:(PDF) 7758:(PDF) 7745:(PDF) 7697:S2CID 7689:JSTOR 7350:(PDF) 7339:(PDF) 7287:(PDF) 6953:(PDF) 6935:(PDF) 6928:(PDF) 5784:(PDF) 5674:(PDF) 5654:(PDF) 5282:"BUF" 5041:Notes 4945:BRANE 4883:(RWR) 4837:chaff 4830:flare 4803:ADR-8 4764:Guns: 4559:pilot 4555:Crew: 4328:cold. 4321:crash 4258:near 4236:MK 39 4173:near 3885:B-52J 3872:ADR-8 3835:B-52H 3762:B-52G 3741:B-52F 3708:B-52E 3675:B-52D 3653:B-52C 3547:B-52A 3539:YB-52 3531:XB-52 3505:B-52H 3494:B-52G 3483:B-52F 3472:B-52E 3461:B-52D 3450:B-52C 3445:1955 3418:B-52B 3393:B-52A 3382:YB-52 3367:XB-52 2896:near 2665:Hanoi 2303:with 2238:1955 2143:1955 2064:1955 2030:1955 1980:1955 1930:1955 1895:100 M 1891:1955 1884:Unit 1838:Costs 1813:PW800 1728:stall 1568:2012. 1379:chord 1259:radar 1029:Total 463:YB-49 459:YB-35 382:USAAF 292:Fella 239:–era 18831:802 18654:695 18619:691 18589:687 18554:683 18534:681 18479:672 18439:666 18424:665 18359:655 18289:649 18269:648 18189:634 18114:621 18014:603 17999:602 17984:601 17928:580 17898:560 17878:550 17807:499 17777:498 17757:497 17737:495 17702:490 17667:485 17647:484 17583:478 17546:474 17521:471 17404:451 17364:445 17329:441 17289:435 17259:431 17234:428 17219:427 17204:426 17147:418 17112:416 17092:414 17008:405 16935:399 16910:380 16747:315 16692:306 16586:222 16466:201 16348:132 16236:118 16221:117 16161:107 15991:RF-8 15986:RF-4 15895:R-16 15890:R-12 15885:R-11 15869:F-15 15864:F-14 15859:F-13 15854:F-12 15849:F-11 15844:F-10 15724:B-21 15687:B-26 15682:B-20 15608:B-71 15603:B-70 15598:B-69 15593:B-68 15588:B-67 15583:B-66 15578:B-65 15573:B-64 15568:B-63 15563:B-62 15558:B-61 15553:B-60 15548:B-59 15543:B-58 15526:B-57 15521:B-56 15516:B-55 15511:B-54 15506:B-53 15501:B-52 15496:B-51 15484:B-50 15479:B-49 15474:B-48 15462:B-47 15457:B-46 15452:B-45 15447:B-44 15442:B-43 15437:B-42 15432:B-41 15427:B-40 15422:B-39 15417:B-38 15412:B-37 15395:B-36 15390:B-35 15385:B-34 15380:B-33 15375:B-32 15370:B-31 15365:B-30 15353:B-29 15348:B-28 15343:B-27 15338:B-26 15333:B-25 15328:B-24 15323:B-23 15318:B-22 15313:B-21 15308:B-20 15303:B-19 15298:B-18 15293:B-17 15288:B-16 15283:B-15 15278:B-14 15273:B-13 15268:B-12 15263:B-11 15258:B-10 15191:HB-3 15186:HB-2 15181:HB-1 15119:LB-9 15114:LB-8 15109:LB-7 15104:LB-6 15099:LB-5 15094:LB-4 15089:LB-3 15084:LB-2 15079:LB-1 15051:USAF 14992:X-53 14987:X-51 14982:X-50 14977:X-48 14972:X-45 14967:X-40 14962:X-37 14957:X-36 14952:X-32 14947:X-20 14906:X-50 14819:E-10 14774:XP3B 14769:XPBB 14743:T-45 14738:T-43 14641:C-40 14636:C-32 14626:C-22 14621:C-17 14580:C-98 14575:C-97 14570:C-75 14565:C-73 14529:B-54 14524:B-52 14519:B-50 14514:B-47 14489:B-29 14479:B-17 14469:YB-9 14438:F-22 14408:P-29 14403:P-26 14393:P-12 14388:XP-9 14383:XP-8 14378:XP-7 14373:XP-4 14368:XF8B 14363:XF7B 14358:XF6B 14353:XF5B 14162:2707 14133:-2G4 14109:-400 14060:-253 14021:-020 14009:2020 14004:2000 13999:1080 13994:1074 13989:1046 13984:1044 13979:1041 12033:6D/E 11853:ISBN 11837:ISSN 11820:ISSN 11784:ISBN 11765:ISBN 11744:ISBN 11703:ISBN 11682:ISBN 11663:ISBN 11644:ISBN 11625:ISBN 11606:ISBN 11585:ISBN 11553:ISBN 11533:ISBN 11505:ISBN 11484:ISBN 11465:ISBN 11446:ISBN 11427:ISBN 11406:ISBN 11387:ISSN 11377:ISBN 11360:ISSN 11350:ISBN 11333:ISSN 11312:ISBN 11288:ISBN 11269:ISBN 11250:ISSN 11203:ISBN 11184:ISBN 11142:ISBN 11110:ISBN 11091:ISBN 11072:ISBN 11053:ISBN 11034:ISBN 11015:ISBN 10998:ISSN 10988:ISBN 10967:ISSN 10942:ISBN 10923:ISBN 10905:ISBN 10888:OCLC 10869:ISBN 10849:ISBN 10830:ISBN 10793:ISBN 10774:ISBN 10755:ISBN 10719:ISBN 10685:ISBN 10624:2010 10595:2024 10516:NASA 10421:2023 10396:2023 10371:2023 10360:ISSN 10334:2023 10267:2020 10194:2023 9976:2023 9910:2010 9860:2023 9838:2021 9808:2021 9782:2023 9752:2023 9727:2023 9544:2023 9428:2023 9093:ISSN 8795:2023 8587:2009 8325:2009 8295:2023 8283:NASA 8264:2021 7909:NASA 7905:2010 7727:2011 7437:2023 7387:2020 7358:2017 7299:2021 7220:2022 7142:2020 7115:2023 6911:NASA 6796:2023 6774:2023 6657:2019 6498:USAF 6436:2023 6060:2009 6013:ISBN 5892:2023 5870:2011 5820:2022 5788:LCCN 5693:2024 5344:2024 5249:2024 5241:NASA 5223:2023 5216:USAF 4741:0.31 4673:8 × 4667:8.56 4409:and 4376:The 4358:Guam 4091:NASA 3644:NASA 3583:flap 3250:and 3061:Guam 2784:NASA 2650:Vinh 2604:Guam 2516:and 2460:and 2251:925 1888:cost 1817:F130 1807:and 1682:The 1663:and 1509:FLIR 1413:flap 1375:spin 1348:JP-8 1176:JDAM 1095:The 996:1963 964:1962 931:1961 899:1960 866:1959 832:1958 798:1957 764:1956 732:1955 700:1954 648:year 632:and 561:pods 491:B-36 461:and 298:and 283:BUFF 235:for 177:The 113:NASA 72:Type 34:and 18993:968 18983:956 18978:855 18973:854 18968:853 18963:952 18937:846 18927:834 18922:833 18917:832 18907:823 18902:822 18897:821 18892:820 18887:819 18882:818 18877:817 18867:807 18862:806 18857:805 18852:804 18847:803 18827:801 18822:800 18801:754 18791:745 18786:744 18781:743 18776:742 18771:741 18766:740 18761:739 18756:738 18751:737 18746:736 18725:699 18720:698 18715:697 18710:696 18650:694 18645:693 18640:692 18615:690 18610:689 18605:688 18585:686 18580:685 18575:684 18550:682 18530:680 18525:679 18520:678 18515:677 18510:676 18505:675 18500:674 18495:673 18488:M/P 18475:671 18470:670 18465:669 18460:668 18455:667 18448:C/P 18420:664 18415:663 18410:662 18405:661 18400:660 18395:659 18390:658 18385:657 18380:656 18355:654 18350:653 18345:652 18340:651 18335:650 18265:647 18260:646 18255:645 18250:644 18245:643 18240:642 18235:641 18230:640 18225:639 18220:638 18215:637 18210:636 18205:635 18185:633 18180:632 18175:631 18170:630 18165:629 18160:628 18155:627 18150:626 18145:625 18140:624 18135:623 18130:622 18110:620 18105:619 18100:618 18095:617 18090:616 18085:615 18080:614 18075:613 18070:612 18065:611 18060:610 18055:609 18050:608 18045:607 18040:606 18035:605 18030:604 17980:600 17959:592 17954:591 17949:590 17919:570 17869:542 17859:530 17849:520 17839:500 17753:496 17733:494 17728:493 17723:492 17718:491 17698:489 17693:488 17688:487 17683:486 17643:483 17636:M/Z 17621:482 17609:481 17604:480 17599:479 17579:477 17567:476 17562:475 17542:473 17537:472 17517:470 17512:469 17507:468 17502:467 17497:466 17492:465 17487:464 17482:463 17477:462 17472:461 17460:460 17455:459 17450:458 17445:457 17440:456 17435:455 17430:454 17425:453 17420:452 17400:450 17395:449 17390:448 17385:447 17380:446 17360:444 17355:443 17350:442 17325:440 17320:439 17315:438 17310:437 17305:436 17285:434 17280:433 17275:432 17255:430 17250:429 17200:425 17195:424 17190:423 17185:422 17180:421 17173:L/W 17168:420 17163:419 17143:417 17108:415 17088:413 17083:412 17066:411 17049:410 17044:409 17039:408 17034:407 17029:406 17004:404 16999:403 16994:402 16989:401 16977:G/H 16962:400 16931:398 16901:337 16896:336 16891:335 16886:334 16881:333 16876:332 16871:331 16866:330 16854:329 16842:328 16830:327 16825:326 16820:325 16813:M/N 16803:324 16798:323 16793:322 16788:321 16783:320 16778:319 16773:318 16768:317 16763:316 16756:A-2 16751:A-1 16743:314 16738:313 16733:312 16728:311 16723:310 16718:309 16713:308 16708:307 16696:A/L 16688:305 16683:304 16678:303 16673:302 16668:301 16663:300 16647:299 16637:279 16627:239 16617:226 16612:225 16607:224 16602:223 16582:221 16577:220 16572:219 16567:218 16562:217 16557:216 16552:215 16547:214 16542:213 16537:212 16532:211 16527:210 16522:209 16517:208 16512:207 16507:206 16502:205 16497:204 16492:203 16487:202 16475:B/W 16470:A/L 16462:200 16424:199 16419:198 16409:142 16404:141 16399:140 16394:139 16389:138 16384:137 16379:136 16374:135 16369:134 16364:133 16344:131 16339:130 16334:129 16329:128 16324:127 16319:126 16314:125 16309:124 16304:123 16299:122 16294:121 16289:120 16262:C/F 16257:119 16217:116 16212:115 16207:114 16202:113 16197:112 16192:111 16187:110 16182:109 16177:108 16170:A-2 16165:A-1 16157:106 16152:105 16147:104 16142:103 16137:102 16125:101 16120:100 15963:R-1 15839:F-9 15834:F-8 15829:F-7 15824:F-6 15819:F-5 15814:F-4 15809:F-3 15804:F-2 15799:F-1 15659:B-2 15654:B-1 15253:B-9 15248:B-8 15243:B-7 15238:B-6 15233:B-5 15228:B-4 15223:B-3 15218:B-2 15213:B-1 15165:B-2 15160:B-1 14814:E-8 14809:E-7 14804:E-6 14799:E-4 14794:E-3 14779:P-8 14764:XPB 14748:T-7 14549:B-1 14418:818 14348:F4B 14343:F3B 14338:F2B 14260:929 14244:641 14239:631 14234:624 14229:621 14224:602 14219:601 14214:600 14198:550 14193:520 14188:502 14183:500 14157:787 14145:777 14140:767 14128:757 14094:747 14087:MAX 14055:737 14050:727 14045:720 14016:707 13974:953 13964:844 13959:831 13954:820 13949:818 13944:815 13939:814 13934:739 13929:733 13924:701 13919:498 13914:497 13909:495 13904:493 13899:490 13894:486 13889:485 13884:484 13879:483 13874:482 13869:481 13864:480 13859:479 13854:475 13849:474 13844:473 13839:472 13834:471 13829:470 13824:469 13819:468 13814:467 13809:466 13804:465 13799:464 13794:463 13789:462 13784:461 13779:460 13774:459 13769:458 13764:457 13759:456 13754:455 13749:454 13744:453 13739:452 13734:451 13729:450 13724:449 13719:448 13714:447 13709:446 13704:445 13699:444 13694:443 13689:442 13684:441 13679:440 13674:439 13669:437 13664:436 13659:435 13654:434 13649:433 13644:432 13639:431 13634:429 13629:428 13624:427 13619:426 13614:425 13609:424 13604:423 13599:422 13594:421 13589:420 13584:419 13579:418 13574:417 13569:416 13564:415 13559:414 13554:413 13549:412 13544:411 13539:410 13534:409 13529:408 13524:407 13519:406 13514:405 13509:404 13504:403 13499:402 13494:401 13489:400 13484:399 13479:398 13474:397 13469:396 13464:395 13459:394 13454:393 13449:392 13444:391 13439:390 13434:389 13429:388 13424:387 13419:386 13414:385 13409:384 13404:383 13399:382 13394:381 13389:380 13384:379 13379:378 13374:377 13369:375 13364:374 13359:373 13354:372 13349:371 13344:370 13339:369 13334:368 13322:-76 13317:367 13312:366 13307:365 13302:364 13297:363 13292:362 13287:361 13282:359 13277:358 13272:357 13267:356 13262:355 13257:354 13252:353 13247:352 13242:351 13237:350 13232:349 13227:348 13222:346 13210:345 13205:344 13200:343 13195:342 13190:341 13185:340 13180:339 13175:338 13170:337 13165:336 13160:335 13155:334 13150:333 13145:332 13140:331 13135:330 13130:329 13125:328 13120:327 13115:326 13110:325 13105:324 13100:323 13095:322 13090:321 13085:320 13080:319 13075:318 13070:317 13065:316 13060:315 13055:314 13050:312 13045:311 13040:309 13035:308 13030:307 13025:306 13020:305 13015:304 13010:303 13005:302 13000:300 12995:299 12990:298 12985:297 12980:296 12975:295 12970:294 12965:293 12960:292 12955:291 12950:290 12945:288 12940:287 12935:286 12930:285 12925:284 12920:283 12915:282 12910:281 12905:280 12900:279 12895:278 12890:277 12885:276 12880:274 12875:273 12870:272 12865:271 12860:270 12855:269 12850:268 12845:267 12840:266 12835:265 12830:264 12825:263 12820:262 12815:261 12810:260 12805:259 12800:258 12795:257 12790:256 12785:255 12780:254 12775:253 12770:252 12765:251 12760:250 12755:249 12750:248 12745:247 12740:246 12735:245 12730:244 12725:243 12720:242 12715:241 12710:240 12705:239 12700:238 12695:237 12690:236 12685:235 12680:234 12675:233 12670:232 12665:231 12660:229 12655:228 12650:227 12645:226 12640:225 12635:224 12630:223 12625:222 12620:221 12615:220 12610:218 12605:217 12600:216 12595:215 12590:214 12585:213 12580:212 12575:211 12570:210 12565:209 12560:208 12555:207 12550:206 12545:205 12540:204 12535:203 12530:202 12525:201 12520:200 12515:102 12510:101 12505:100 10094:doi 7681:doi 4766:1× 4557:5 ( 4443:at 4323:on 4184:at 3866:mm 3774:in 3701:ECM 3508:102 3497:193 3475:100 3464:170 3177:at 2802:in 2788:008 2758:in 2724:in 1669:B-2 1665:B83 1661:B61 1604:'s 1482:GPS 1386:yaw 1227:Doc 1079:742 1074:742 1069:102 1064:193 1054:100 1049:170 1022:742 990:728 958:660 925:603 920:106 914:106 893:497 888:129 860:368 855:187 844:100 826:181 821:124 487:X-4 247:. 124:744 19017:: 14178:8C 14121:-8 14099:SP 12500:99 12495:98 12490:97 12485:96 12480:95 12475:94 12470:93 12465:92 12460:91 12455:90 12450:89 12445:88 12440:87 12435:86 12430:85 12425:84 12420:83 12415:82 12410:81 12405:80 12400:79 12395:78 12390:77 12385:76 12380:75 12375:74 12370:73 12365:72 12360:71 12355:70 12350:69 12345:68 12340:67 12335:66 12330:65 12325:64 12320:63 12315:62 12310:61 12305:60 12300:59 12295:58 12290:57 12285:56 12280:55 12275:54 12270:53 12265:52 12260:51 12255:50 12250:49 12245:48 12240:47 12235:46 12230:45 12225:44 12220:43 12215:42 12210:41 12205:40 12200:39 12195:38 12190:37 12185:36 12180:35 12175:34 12170:33 12165:32 12160:31 12155:30 12150:29 12145:28 12140:27 12135:26 12130:25 12125:24 12120:23 12115:22 12110:21 12105:20 12100:19 12095:18 12090:17 12085:16 12080:15 12075:14 12070:13 12065:12 12060:11 12055:10 11950:35 11948:. 11942:. 11801:. 11570:. 11385:. 11358:. 11231:29 11229:. 11223:. 11163:. 11127:. 10996:. 10984:27 10982:. 10963:41 10961:. 10811:. 10740:. 10736:. 10702:. 10644:. 10632:^ 10614:. 10585:, 10560:^ 10437:. 10412:. 10387:. 10358:. 10354:. 10342:^ 10325:. 10257:. 10253:. 10234:. 10215:. 10211:. 10185:. 10155:. 10092:. 10082:31 10080:. 10074:. 10055:. 10037:. 10018:. 10007:^ 9997:. 9984:^ 9967:. 9949:. 9936:^ 9926:. 9901:. 9883:. 9868:^ 9824:. 9773:. 9760:^ 9743:. 9710:^ 9700:. 9687:^ 9677:. 9658:. 9642:^ 9589:^ 9560:. 9515:^ 9498:^ 9488:. 9448:^ 9376:^ 9347:^ 9332:^ 9320:. 9283:. 9251:. 9232:. 9199:. 9180:. 9156:. 9152:. 9133:. 9114:. 9091:. 9087:. 9064:. 9045:. 9027:. 9002:. 8959:. 8902:. 8881:. 8848:. 8829:. 8811:. 8785:. 8781:. 8763:. 8720:. 8646:. 8616:. 8491:. 8456:^ 8434:. 8423:^ 8409:. 8342:. 8311:. 8281:. 8250:. 8218:^ 8203:^ 8174:^ 8157:^ 8091:. 8071:. 8027:^ 8017:. 7981:^ 7858:^ 7818:. 7753:. 7747:. 7718:. 7695:. 7687:. 7675:. 7642:. 7571:^ 7542:^ 7503:^ 7464:^ 7454:. 7428:. 7414:^ 7404:. 7378:. 7366:^ 7341:. 7315:. 7249:. 7211:. 7178:. 7132:. 7106:. 6959:. 6955:. 6893:^ 6831:^ 6804:^ 6748:. 6712:^ 6697:^ 6648:. 6579:. 6568:^ 6558:. 6538:. 6519:. 6500:. 6496:. 6473:. 6453:. 6427:. 6393:^ 6307:^ 6280:^ 6205:^ 6116:^ 6027:^ 5809:. 5762:. 5676:. 5656:. 5635:^ 5520:^ 5441:^ 5412:^ 5402:. 5352:^ 5335:. 5284:. 5266:. 5239:. 5214:. 5195:^ 5172:^ 5157:^ 4573:, 4569:, 4565:, 4561:, 4470:). 4420:, 4356:, 4344:, 4218:, 4022:– 3974:– 3957:– 3750:, 3486:89 3453:35 3421:50 3396:3 3370:2 3324:. 3234:, 3078:. 3059:, 3002:, 2989:, 2770:. 2667:, 2602:, 2473:. 2456:, 2452:, 2448:, 2387:, 1527:. 1432:. 1230:, 1059:89 1044:35 1039:50 1017:14 1013:14 985:68 981:68 953:57 949:20 946:37 882:50 879:79 847:10 841:77 809:92 806:30 792:57 787:41 769:35 758:16 753:13 737:13 208:. 185:, 18693:R 18688:Q 18683:P 18678:N 18673:L 18668:C 18663:B 18658:A 18633:Z 18628:X 18623:C 18598:P 18593:J 18568:V 18563:J 18558:A 18543:E 18538:D 18483:A 18443:A 18373:P 18328:P 18323:L 18318:F 18313:E 18308:D 18303:C 18298:B 18293:A 18283:P 18278:D 18273:A 18198:B 18193:A 18023:L 18018:A 18008:L 18003:A 17993:L 17988:A 17937:E 17932:A 17907:F 17902:A 17887:E 17882:A 17821:D 17816:C 17811:A 17801:L 17796:E 17791:D 17786:C 17781:A 17771:L 17761:A 17711:M 17706:L 17676:Z 17671:L 17661:N 17656:M 17651:L 17631:L 17626:E 17614:L 17592:T 17587:A 17572:E 17555:N 17550:L 17465:L 17413:L 17408:D 17373:M 17368:L 17343:L 17338:D 17333:A 17298:L 17293:A 17243:L 17238:A 17228:M 17223:L 17213:M 17208:L 17156:M 17151:L 17136:Q 17131:P 17116:L 17101:M 17096:L 17076:L 17071:E 17059:L 17054:E 17024:D 17019:C 17012:B 16982:M 16972:E 16944:B 16939:A 16919:P 16859:F 16847:E 16835:E 16808:L 16701:B 16595:G 16590:A 16480:E 16444:Y 16439:D 16434:C 16429:B 16357:B 16352:A 16282:Y 16277:T 16272:L 16267:E 16250:P 16245:L 16240:A 16230:M 16225:L 16130:P 16097:e 16090:t 16083:v 15762:e 15755:t 15748:v 15049:/ 15045:/ 15041:/ 15031:e 15024:t 15017:v 14310:e 14303:t 14296:v 14150:X 12050:9 12045:8 12040:7 12028:6 12023:5 12018:4 12013:3 12008:2 12003:1 11980:e 11973:t 11966:v 11859:. 11843:. 11826:. 11792:. 11773:. 11752:. 11713:. 11711:. 11690:. 11671:. 11652:. 11633:. 11614:. 11593:. 11561:. 11543:. 11541:. 11513:. 11492:. 11473:. 11454:. 11435:. 11414:. 11393:. 11366:. 11339:. 11320:. 11296:. 11277:. 11256:. 11211:. 11192:. 11152:. 11150:. 11131:. 11118:. 11099:. 11080:. 11061:. 11042:. 11023:. 11004:. 10973:. 10950:. 10931:. 10911:. 10896:. 10894:. 10877:. 10859:. 10857:. 10838:. 10803:. 10801:. 10782:. 10763:. 10727:. 10693:. 10648:. 10626:. 10441:. 10423:. 10398:. 10373:. 10336:. 10282:. 10269:. 10238:. 10196:. 10159:. 10100:. 10096:: 10088:: 10041:. 9978:. 9912:. 9862:. 9840:. 9810:. 9784:. 9754:. 9729:. 9681:. 9662:. 9546:. 9492:. 9430:. 9394:. 9342:. 9291:. 9255:. 9203:. 9137:. 9118:. 9099:. 8963:. 8906:. 8887:. 8852:. 8797:. 8677:. 8620:. 8589:. 8532:. 8466:. 8359:. 8327:. 8297:. 8266:. 8237:. 8198:. 8140:. 8021:. 7824:. 7729:. 7703:. 7683:: 7677:7 7474:. 7458:. 7439:. 7408:. 7389:. 7360:. 7301:. 7222:. 7197:. 7182:. 7144:. 7117:. 6798:. 6776:. 6659:. 6544:. 6523:. 6459:. 6438:. 6388:. 6361:. 6062:. 6021:. 5894:. 5872:. 5822:. 5794:. 5766:. 5695:. 5680:. 5660:. 5406:. 5346:. 5270:. 5251:. 5225:. 4748:: 4739:: 4665:: 4644:: 4608:: 4577:) 4297:. 4142:. 3758:. 3630:. 3018:) 3014:( 1034:3 803:2 775:1 772:5 726:3 721:3 703:3 688:H 684:G 680:F 676:E 672:D 668:C 664:B 660:A 501:. 290:/ 286:( 162:) 38:. 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.