320:, and as such is extremely dry, averaging only 12.7 mm (0.50 in) of measurable precipitation annually. Bilma is also hot during the "winter" months and extremely hot during the summer months and for prolonged periods of time. Average high temperatures in "winter" months surpass 27 °C (81 °F), and exceed 40 °C (104 °F) from April to September inclusively, peaking at 44 °C (111 °F) in June. The record high temperature is 48.2 °C (118.8 °F) on June 23, 2010.
60:
126:
688:
680:
67:
47:
859:
826:
884:
712:
800:
720:
833:
754:
1035:
931:
891:
827:"Troisieme Communication Nationale A La Conference Des Parties De La Conventioncadre Des Nations Unies Sur Les Changements Climatiques"
88:
330:
is extremely high year-round with some 4,000 hours of bright sunshine annually. The region excels at hot, sunny and dry weather.
747:
719:, a Nigerien political party. During French Colonial rule, Bilma was the site of a major—if isolated—military post at
972:
953:
784:
205:
with, as of the 2012 census, a total population of 4,016 people. It lies protected from the desert dunes under the
298:
1028:
984:
716:
804:
711:, and a prison was built there by the government. Political leaders were held there in the 1980s, such as
707:
The isolation of Bilma made it the destination for disgraced officials under the authoritarian regime of
701:
2443:
1021:
277:
salt pans, and this salt is still sold for livestock use throughout west Africa. Tourism (based out of
59:
730:
crashed into the desert near the town after a bomb exploded on board, killing all 170 people aboard.
2453:
323:
Bilma had the country's lowest ever recorded temperature, −2.4 °C (27.7 °F), on 13 January 1995.
209:
and is the largest town along the Kaouar escarpment. It is known for its gardens, for salt and
1692:
942:
1245:
150:
1093:
8:
1250:
1240:
254:
218:
1255:
1235:
294:
2012:
1867:
1752:
1044:
968:
949:
925:
780:
327:
162:
708:
2327:
1842:
1617:
1562:
1098:
777:
Salt of the Desert Sun: A History of Salt
Production and Trade in the Central Sudan
266:
155:
138:
18:
For the
Australian Aboriginal musical instrument known as Bilma in some areas, see
2122:
282:
2458:
2448:
1767:
1642:
1294:
2027:
2352:
2192:
1797:
1762:
727:
309:
2437:
2347:
2272:
2222:
2142:
2077:
1937:
1477:
1188:
1148:
1138:
999:
986:
920:
598:
305:
246:
238:
143:
103:
90:
253:
populations, the last being a reminder of Bilma's role as a key stop in the
2417:
2392:
2362:
2322:
2287:
2282:
2202:
2197:
2187:
2102:
2052:
1972:
1962:
1957:
1877:
1792:
1727:
1622:
1612:
1532:
1512:
1472:
1447:
1372:
1367:
1299:
1158:
1153:
1123:
1118:
269:, covering some 670,000 km (260,000 sq mi) of north eastern
250:
1319:
2397:
2357:
2262:
2172:
2162:
2157:
2117:
2107:
1882:
1847:
1817:
1737:
1652:
1582:
1522:
1467:
1452:
1442:
1225:
1183:
1163:
1133:
1822:
1128:
2167:
2112:
2097:
1927:
1887:
1857:
1782:
1772:
1662:
1572:
1527:
1517:
1482:
1392:
1387:
1339:
1267:
1203:
1173:
19:
1807:
285:
some 560 km (350 mi) to the west) is of growing importance.
2387:
2377:
2257:
2087:
2072:
2062:
1897:
1892:
1862:
1852:
1837:
1742:
1732:
1667:
1657:
1647:
1637:
1592:
1567:
1547:
1542:
1492:
1487:
1417:
1377:
1344:
1334:
1282:
1198:
214:
1013:
2297:
2237:
2152:
2137:
2132:
2042:
2032:
2007:
1997:
1987:
1967:
1952:
1942:
1917:
1832:
1777:
1577:
1557:
1457:
1412:
1402:
1349:
1329:
1304:
1277:
1210:
1193:
687:
2382:
2372:
2342:
2307:
2292:
2267:
2247:
2242:
2232:
2227:
2217:
2182:
2177:
2082:
2067:
2047:
2022:
1992:
1947:
1922:
1912:
1872:
1802:
1787:
1747:
1712:
1697:
1687:
1677:
1672:
1627:
1597:
1462:
1432:
1397:
1262:
1220:
1178:
1168:
683:
The Oasis at Bilma, with the Kaouar escarpment in the background.
1309:
2422:
2407:
2402:
2367:
2337:
2317:
2312:
2302:
2212:
2207:
2127:
2092:
2057:
2037:
2017:
1977:
1932:
1907:
1902:
1812:
1722:
1717:
1707:
1632:
1607:
1602:
1587:
1552:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1427:
1422:
1407:
1382:
1324:
1314:
1289:
1272:
1230:
1215:
1108:
1073:
1068:
1054:
278:
242:
226:
222:
210:
206:
46:
679:
2412:
2332:
2277:
2252:
2147:
2002:
1982:
1827:
1757:
1702:
1682:
1537:
1437:
1143:
1113:
1103:
1083:
1078:
313:
270:
202:
198:
131:
924:
317:
935:. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
217:
cultivation, and as the destination of one of the last
312:, a hyper-arid desert region lying over northeastern
941:
2435:
803:. Wayback Machine. 16 July 2010. Archived from
273:. While it continues to produce salt in large
1029:
260:
755:Institut National de la Statistique du Niger
860:"Weather data: Niger, Bilma, 1995, January"
1036:
1022:
948:. London and New Jersey: Scarecrow Press.
857:
338:Climate data for Bilma, Niger (2006–2010)
304:). The town lies deep in the heart of the
919:
686:
678:
265:Bilma is the administrative seat of the
774:
704:was born in Bilma in the 12th century.
2436:
939:
213:production through evaporation ponds,
1043:
1017:
962:
13:
14:
2470:
124:
65:
58:
45:
201:town and commune in north east
25:Commune in Agadez Region, Niger
944:Historical Dictionary of Niger
877:
851:
819:
801:"Dr. Jeff Masters' WunderBlog"
793:
779:. Cambridge University Press.
768:
740:
1:
890:. Stats-Niger. Archived from
733:
299:Köppen climate classification
232:
66:
7:
702:Abu Ishaq Ibrahim al-Kanemi
527:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
387:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
10:
2475:
913:
695:
671:Source: Niger Climatology
670:
337:
288:
261:Administration and economy
175:358 m (1,175 ft)
17:
1360:
1061:
1051:
864:Historical Global Weather
775:Lovejoy, Paul E. (1986).
715:, today president of the
691:The saline pans at Bilma.
596:
526:
456:
386:
381:
378:
375:
372:
369:
366:
363:
360:
357:
354:
351:
348:
345:
342:
237:Its population is mostly
184:
179:
171:
161:
149:
137:
119:
84:
53:
44:
37:
30:
748:"Annuaires_Statistiques"
308:, more precisely in the
940:Decalo, Samuel (1979).
932:Encyclopædia Britannica
713:Sanoussi Tambari Djakou
1693:El Allassane Maireyrey
963:Geels, Jolijn (2006).
692:
684:
219:Saharan caravan routes
690:
682:
104:18.68667°N 12.91917°E
996: /
885:"Niger Climatology"
457:Daily mean °C (°F)
255:Trans Saharan trade
100: /
693:
685:
295:hot desert climate
185: • Total
109:18.68667; 12.91917
2444:Communes of Niger
2431:
2430:
1753:Galma Koudawatche
1045:Communes of Niger
1000:18.683°N 12.917°E
967:. London: Bradt.
675:
674:
328:sunshine duration
293:Bilma features a
192:
191:
2466:
2328:Tibiri (Doutchi)
1843:Guidan Amoumoune
1563:Damagaram Takaya
1038:
1031:
1024:
1015:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1007:
1006:
1001:
997:
994:
993:
992:
989:
978:
959:
947:
936:
928:
907:
906:
904:
902:
897:on 12 April 2015
896:
889:
881:
875:
874:
872:
870:
858:Geographic.org.
855:
849:
848:
846:
844:
838:
832:. Archived from
831:
823:
817:
816:
814:
812:
797:
791:
790:
772:
766:
765:
763:
761:
752:
744:
335:
334:
267:Bilma Department
156:Bilma Department
130:
128:
127:
115:
114:
112:
111:
110:
105:
101:
98:
97:
96:
93:
69:
68:
62:
49:
28:
27:
2474:
2473:
2469:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2463:
2434:
2433:
2432:
2427:
1356:
1295:Tchin-Tabaraden
1057:
1047:
1042:
1004:
1002:
998:
995:
990:
987:
985:
983:
982:
975:
956:
916:
911:
910:
900:
898:
894:
887:
883:
882:
878:
868:
866:
856:
852:
842:
840:
836:
829:
825:
824:
820:
810:
808:
807:on 19 July 2010
799:
798:
794:
787:
773:
769:
759:
757:
750:
746:
745:
741:
736:
698:
677:
676:
665:
660:
655:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
625:
620:
615:
610:
605:
591:
586:
581:
576:
571:
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
521:
516:
511:
506:
501:
496:
491:
486:
481:
476:
471:
466:
461:
451:
446:
441:
436:
431:
426:
421:
416:
411:
406:
401:
396:
391:
291:
263:
241:, with smaller
235:
125:
123:
108:
106:
102:
99:
94:
91:
89:
87:
86:
80:
79:
78:
77:
76:
75:
74:
70:
40:
33:
26:
23:
12:
11:
5:
2472:
2462:
2461:
2456:
2454:Oases of Niger
2451:
2446:
2429:
2428:
2426:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2400:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2353:Tombokoirey II
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2193:Sarkin Haoussa
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1798:Goroubankassam
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1364:
1362:
1361:Rural communes
1358:
1357:
1355:
1354:
1353:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1286:
1285:
1280:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1259:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1207:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1094:Birni N'Gaoure
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1065:
1063:
1062:Urban communes
1059:
1058:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1041:
1040:
1033:
1026:
1018:
1005:18.683; 12.917
980:
979:
973:
960:
954:
937:
923:, ed. (1911).
921:Chisholm, Hugh
915:
912:
909:
908:
876:
850:
818:
792:
785:
767:
738:
737:
735:
732:
728:UTA Flight 772
709:Seyni Kountché
697:
694:
673:
672:
668:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
607:
602:
594:
593:
588:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
524:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
458:
454:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
384:
383:
380:
377:
374:
371:
368:
365:
362:
359:
356:
353:
350:
347:
344:
340:
339:
333:
332:
290:
287:
262:
259:
234:
231:
190:
189:
186:
182:
181:
177:
176:
173:
169:
168:
165:
159:
158:
153:
147:
146:
141:
135:
134:
121:
117:
116:
82:
81:
72:
71:
64:
63:
57:
56:
55:
54:
51:
50:
42:
41:
38:
35:
34:
31:
24:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2471:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
2348:Tombokoirey I
2346:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2223:Soucoucoutane
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2143:Ouro Gueladjo
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1938:Kanan-Bakache
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
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1125:
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1120:
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1099:Birni-N'Konni
1097:
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1009:
976:
974:1-84162-152-8
970:
966:
961:
957:
955:0-8108-1229-0
951:
946:
945:
938:
934:
933:
927:
926:"Bilma"
922:
918:
917:
893:
886:
880:
865:
861:
854:
839:on 6 May 2018
835:
828:
822:
806:
802:
796:
788:
786:0-521-30182-3
782:
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771:
756:
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669:
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658:
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638:
633:
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623:
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613:
608:
603:
600:
599:precipitation
595:
589:
584:
579:
574:
569:
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559:
554:
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539:
534:
529:
525:
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429:
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399:
394:
389:
385:
341:
336:
331:
329:
324:
321:
319:
315:
311:
307:
306:Sahara Desert
303:
300:
296:
286:
284:
283:Aïr Mountains
280:
276:
272:
268:
258:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
230:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
207:Kaouar Cliffs
204:
200:
196:
187:
183:
178:
174:
170:
166:
164:
160:
157:
154:
152:
148:
145:
144:Agadez Region
142:
140:
136:
133:
122:
118:
113:
85:Coordinates:
83:
61:
52:
48:
43:
36:
29:
21:
16:
2363:Tondikiwindi
2203:Sassoumbroum
2198:Sarkin Yamma
2013:Koré Maïroua
1958:Kargiubangou
1878:Harikanassou
1623:Diantchandou
1448:Badaguichiri
1373:Aderbissinat
1300:Tchirozerine
1119:Dogondoutchi
1088:
981:
964:
943:
930:
899:. Retrieved
892:the original
879:
867:. Retrieved
863:
853:
841:. Retrieved
834:the original
821:
809:. Retrieved
805:the original
795:
776:
770:
758:. Retrieved
742:
725:
721:Fort Dromard
706:
699:
601:mm (inches)
325:
322:
316:and western
301:
292:
274:
264:
236:
194:
193:
15:
2358:Tondikandia
2163:Sabon-Machi
2158:Sabon-Guida
1883:Hawandawaki
1848:Guidan Sori
1818:Goudoumaria
1583:Dan-Kassari
1523:Birni Lalle
1453:Bader Goula
1443:Babankatami
1184:Maine-Soroa
1003: /
811:25 November
107: /
2438:Categories
2168:Sae Saboua
2123:N'Guelbély
1888:Ibrohamane
1868:Hamdallaye
1858:Guidimouni
1783:Garankedey
1773:Garagoumsa
1663:Dogonkiria
1573:Dan-Goulbi
1528:Bitinkodji
1518:Bibiyergou
1483:Banibangou
1393:Albarkaram
1388:Akoubounou
1174:Madarounfa
734:References
233:Population
180:Population
151:Department
95:12°55′09″E
92:18°41′12″N
20:Clapsticks
2388:Tsernaoua
2378:Tounounga
2258:Takanamat
2088:Matankari
2073:Makalondi
2063:Maijirgiu
1898:Iferouane
1893:Ichirnawa
1863:Guilladje
1853:Guidiguir
1838:Gueskerou
1743:Gababedji
1733:Foulatari
1668:Doguerawa
1658:Dogo-Dogo
1648:Djiratawa
1638:Dioundiou
1618:Diagourou
1593:Dantchiao
1568:Dan-Barto
1548:Chetimari
1543:Chadakori
1493:Baoudetta
1488:Bankilare
1418:Attantane
1378:Adjekoria
1320:Tillabéri
1236:Commune I
1053:Capital:
726:In 1989,
700:The poet
172:Elevation
2298:Tchadoua
2238:Tabotaki
2153:Roumboui
2138:Ourafane
2133:Ollelewa
2118:N'Gourti
2108:N'Dounga
2043:Kourteye
2033:Kourfeye
2008:Korahane
1998:Kolleram
1988:Kirtachi
1968:Karofane
1953:Karakara
1943:Kankandi
1918:Issawane
1833:Guecheme
1823:Goûgaram
1778:Garhanga
1578:Dan-Issa
1558:Dakoussa
1458:Bagaroua
1413:Anzourou
1403:Allakaye
1305:Tessaoua
1226:N'guigmi
1211:Matameye
1129:Filingué
901:14 April
597:Average
437:(102.4)
432:(107.2)
427:(107.8)
422:(109.4)
417:(111.4)
412:(109.2)
407:(105.1)
281:and the
2383:Tsaouni
2373:Toumour
2343:Tirmini
2308:Tebaram
2293:Tassara
2268:Tamaske
2248:Tagriss
2243:Tagazar
2233:Tabelot
2228:Tabalak
2218:Sokorbe
2183:Sambera
2178:Sakoira
2113:N'Gonga
2083:Malbaza
2068:Maiyara
2048:Koygolo
2023:Kornaka
1993:Kokorou
1948:Kantche
1923:Kablewa
1913:In-Gall
1873:Hamdara
1808:Gothèye
1803:Gorouol
1788:Gazaoua
1768:Gangara
1763:Gangara
1748:Gaffati
1713:Falenko
1698:Fabidji
1688:Dungass
1678:Doungou
1673:Doumega
1628:Dingazi
1598:Daouche
1463:Bambeye
1433:Azarori
1398:Alakoss
1263:Ouallam
1221:Mirriah
1179:Magaria
1169:Madaoua
991:12°55′E
988:18°41′N
914:Sources
869:25 July
843:25 July
696:History
666:(0.50)
661:(0.00)
656:(0.00)
651:(0.00)
646:(0.10)
641:(0.30)
636:(0.10)
631:(0.00)
626:(0.00)
621:(0.00)
616:(0.00)
611:(0.00)
606:(0.00)
592:(65.0)
587:(46.9)
582:(54.0)
577:(67.1)
572:(74.5)
567:(79.9)
562:(77.9)
557:(77.5)
552:(75.4)
547:(68.2)
542:(58.1)
537:(52.5)
532:(47.7)
522:(82.3)
517:(65.3)
512:(72.9)
507:(84.7)
502:(90.9)
497:(93.9)
492:(93.7)
487:(94.5)
482:(92.3)
477:(86.7)
472:(76.8)
467:(71.1)
462:(64.8)
452:(99.6)
447:(83.7)
442:(91.6)
402:(95.5)
397:(89.4)
392:(81.9)
289:Climate
225:, from
163:Commune
120:Country
39:Commune
2459:Tuareg
2449:Sahara
2423:Zermou
2408:Yekoua
2403:Yaouri
2368:Torodi
2338:Tillia
2318:Tesker
2313:Tenhya
2303:Tchake
2273:Tamaya
2213:Sinder
2208:Simiri
2128:Namaro
2093:Mehana
2078:Malawa
2058:Libore
2038:Kourni
2018:Korgom
1978:Kieche
1933:Kalfou
1908:Inates
1903:Imanan
1813:Gouchi
1723:Falwel
1718:Falmey
1708:Fakara
1633:Dirkou
1608:Deoule
1603:Dargol
1588:Dannet
1553:Dabaga
1508:Bengou
1503:Bazaga
1498:Barmou
1478:Bangui
1428:Azagor
1423:Ayerou
1408:Allela
1383:Affala
1325:Zinder
1315:Tibiri
1290:Tanout
1273:Tahoua
1231:Niamey
1216:Mayahi
1189:Maradi
1149:Illela
1109:Dakoro
1074:Agadez
1069:Abalak
1055:Niamey
971:
952:
783:
717:PNA-AL
343:Month
310:Ténéré
279:Agadez
275:natron
249:, and
247:Tuareg
243:Toubou
239:Kanuri
227:Agadez
223:Azalai
211:natron
197:is an
139:Region
129:
2418:Youri
2413:Yelou
2393:Wacha
2333:Timia
2323:Tessa
2288:Tarka
2283:Tanda
2278:Tamou
2253:Tajae
2188:Sanam
2148:Ourno
2103:Mokko
2053:Kwaya
2028:Kouré
2003:Koona
1983:Kiota
1973:Kelle
1963:Karma
1828:Gouna
1793:Golle
1758:Gamou
1728:Farey
1703:Fachi
1683:Droum
1643:Djado
1613:Dessa
1538:Boune
1533:Bosso
1513:Bermo
1473:Bande
1438:Azeye
1368:Abala
1159:Kollo
1154:Keita
1144:Goure
1124:Dosso
1114:Diffa
1104:Bouza
1089:Bilma
1084:Arlit
1079:Aguie
965:Niger
895:(PDF)
888:(PDF)
837:(PDF)
830:(PDF)
760:2 May
751:(PDF)
382:Year
314:Niger
271:Niger
251:Hausa
221:(the
203:Niger
199:oasis
195:Bilma
188:4,016
167:Bilma
132:Niger
73:Bilma
32:Bilma
2398:Wame
2263:Tama
2173:Safo
1738:Gabi
1653:Dogo
1468:Bana
1310:Téra
1164:Loga
1134:Gaya
969:ISBN
950:ISBN
903:2012
871:2020
845:2020
813:2020
781:ISBN
762:2013
659:0.00
654:0.00
649:0.00
629:0.00
624:0.00
619:0.00
614:0.00
609:0.00
604:0.00
590:18.3
580:12.2
575:19.5
570:23.6
565:26.6
560:25.5
555:25.3
550:24.1
545:20.1
540:14.5
535:11.4
520:27.9
515:18.5
510:22.7
505:29.3
500:32.7
495:34.4
490:34.3
485:34.7
480:33.5
475:30.4
470:24.9
465:21.7
460:18.2
450:37.5
445:28.7
440:33.1
435:39.1
430:41.8
425:42.1
420:43.0
415:44.1
410:42.9
405:40.6
400:35.3
395:31.9
390:27.7
379:Dec
376:Nov
373:Oct
370:Sep
367:Aug
364:Jul
361:Jun
358:May
355:Apr
352:Mar
349:Feb
346:Jan
326:The
318:Chad
215:date
2098:Moa
1928:Kao
1340:III
1268:Say
1246:III
1204:III
644:2.5
639:7.6
634:2.5
585:8.3
530:8.7
302:BWh
229:).
2440::
1345:IV
1335:II
1283:II
1251:IV
1241:II
1199:II
929:.
862:.
753:.
723:.
664:13
257:.
245:,
1350:V
1330:I
1278:I
1256:V
1194:I
1037:e
1030:t
1023:v
977:.
958:.
905:.
873:.
847:.
815:.
789:.
764:.
297:(
22:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
