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and carried him back to the wallow. By 3 PM, a thunderstorm brought rain and relief from their thirst, but when the wind "shifted to the north", the cold brought discomfort to all parties, especially the
Natives who sat on their horses out of rifle range "with their blankets drawn tightly around them." Roth went for Smith's gun and ammunition, but when Smith was discovered still alive, Roth and Dixon brought Smith back to the wallow where he died during the night. At daylight, Dixon went for help, soon encountering troops under the command of Major Price. For their participation in what became known as the
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ten feet in diameter, where they used their hands and knives to throw up the sandy dirt all around the sides. Sitting upright, each man "fired deliberately, taking good aim, and were picking off an indian at almost every round." Dixon eventually ran for
Chapman, whose left knee had been shattered,
501:, holds a shooting competition to commemorate his incredible long-distance shot. Known as the Vintage Rifle Open Long Range Championships, it is shot at a distance of 1,000 yards using black-powder cartridge rifles of that era, and is strongly contested from shooters all over the
255:
descent, he was orphaned at age 12 and lived with an uncle in
Missouri for a year before setting out on his own. He worked in woodcutters' camps along the Missouri River until he started working at age 14 as an ox driver and a muleskinner for a government contractor in
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and felt it could not reach). He knocked the native man off his horse, killing him. Understanding how far the guns could fire, the natives then withdrew and left the settlement alone. Dixon’s shot was measured at over 1,500 yards, earning him a position on the list of
430:. His medal along with that of Amos Chapman was revoked after a records review that was conducted from 1916-1917 found that they were ineligible because they were civilian scouts. In 1989 an Army Board of Correction of Records reinstated the awards.
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The outpost was attacked on June 27, 1874, by a band of 700–1200 natives. The stand-off continued into a third day, when a group of natives were noticed less than a mile east of Adobe Walls. It is said that Dixon took aim with a quickly borrowed
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Dixon led the founders of Adobe Walls to the Texas Plains, where he knew bison were in abundance. The group of 28 men and one woman occupied the outpost of five buildings 15 miles northeast of
Stinnett.
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He was a skilled marksman and occasionally scouted for eastern excursionists brought by the railroads. In 1869 he joined a venture in hunting and trapping on the Saline River northwest of
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Dismounting, George Smith was mortally wounded. Soon, Woodall, Harrington, Dixon and
Chapman were wounded. All except Smith and Chapman had by noon made their way to a nearby
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In 1883, Dixon returned to civilian life and built a home near the Adobe Walls site. He was postmaster there for 20 years and served as the first sheriff of newly formed
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in
Hutchinson County. On his deathbed, he told Olive his complete life story, which she penned and later published. In 1929 his body was reinterred at Adobe Walls.
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of
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when the bison hunters moved into the Texas
Panhandle in 1874. He and his group hunted along the
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when they were encircled at sunrise by a "large band of Kiowa and
Comanche warriors" near the
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for schooling for their children. In 1906 they moved to
Oklahoma.
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buffalo rifle (as, according to his biography, he only had a
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American scout and bison hunter active in the Texas Panhandle
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Dixon stated in his biography that it was a "scratch shot".
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in southern Hutchinson County was named for him, as is the
635:"Texas Historical Commission: Hemphill County: Marker 565"
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On 12 September 1874, Dixon and another civilian scout,
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Texas historical marker at the site (top) and a Kiowa
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American Indian Wars recipients of the Medal of Honor
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Adobe Walls Bride: The Story of Billy and Olive Dixon
620:"The Handbook of Texas History: Buffalo Wallow Fight"
541:
List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Indian Wars
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A Texas Historical Marker documents the battle site.
203:(September 25, 1850 – March 9, 1913) was an American
745:, MilitaryHistoryOnline.com. Retrieved May 26, 2011.
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603:Remiger, Leo; Gilbert, Miles; Cunningham, Sharon.
588:Gilbert, Miles; Remiger, Leo; Cunningham, Sharon.
495:The Historical Breechloading Smallarms Association
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867:Historical Breechloading Smallarmas Association
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605:Encyclopedia of Buffalo Hunters and Skinners.
590:Encyclopedia of Buffalo Hunters and Skinners.
804:"The Handbook of Texas Online: Plemons, TX"
714:. Guthrie: Co-operative Publishing Company.
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445:Billy Dixon's grave marker at Adobe Walls.
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1019:Civilian recipients of the Medal of Honor
959:Longest confirmed combat sniper-shot kill
422:The medal is presently on display at the
19:For other people with the same name, see
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607:Vol. 2: E-K; (2006) Pioneer Press, TN;
592:Vol. 1: A-D; (2003) Pioneer Press, TN;
1024:People from Ohio County, West Virginia
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366:possibly depicting the battle (bottom)
44:William "Billy" Dixon as an Army Scout
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274:He scouted Texas as far south as the
1034:Gunslingers of the American Old West
873:from the original on August 16, 2015
840:. Page Publishing Inc. p. 166.
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712:Life and Adventures of "Billy" Dixon
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475:homestead in 1913 and was buried in
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1009:American people of the Indian Wars
809:Texas State Historical Association
424:Panhandle–Plains Historical Museum
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814:The University of Texas at Austin
536:List of Medal of Honor recipients
333:Battle of the Upper Washita River
148:Battle of the Upper Washita River
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376:, were carrying dispatches from
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927:. Full-text also available at
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834:Knight, Max (January 5, 2017).
1044:American justices of the peace
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657:San Antonio, TX: Naylor, 1955.
21:William Dixon (disambiguation)
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965:1,406 m (1,538 yd)
905:Works by or about Billy Dixon
778:"Buffalo Wallow Battleground"
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316:longest recorded sniper kills
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296:Second Battle of Adobe Walls
290:Second Battle of Adobe Walls
247:, on September 25, 1850. Of
225:Second Battle of Adobe Walls
143:Second Battle of Adobe Walls
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861:Eazyweb Internet Services.
741:Lively, Garland R. (2009).
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243:in the panhandle region of
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917:. Portal to Texas History
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756:"PPHM Owned Battlesites"
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585:- Author: Olive K. Dixon
409:Battle of Buffalo Wallow
327:Battle of Buffalo Wallow
153:Battle of Buffalo Wallow
115:United States of America
104:Hutchinson County, Texas
477:Adobe Walls battle site
456:In 1894, Dixon married
863:"HBSA Front page logo"
726:"Buffalo Wallow Fight"
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674:Gilbert (2003) p. 172
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437:Later years and death
286:and its tributaries.
32:William "Billy" Dixon
896:Works by Billy Dixon
802:Anderson, H. Allen.
724:Anderson, H. Allen.
641:on February 25, 2013
413:Buffalo Wallow Fight
386:Zachariah T. Woodall
193:Justice of the Peace
583:Life of Billy Dixon
258:Leavenworth, Kansas
710:Dixon, O. (1914).
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239:Dixon was born in
215:. He helped found
68:September 25, 1850
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978:Succeeded by
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653:John L. McCarty.
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223:shot at the
209:bison hunter
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131:Battles/wars
87:(1913-03-09)
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1004:1913 deaths
999:1850 births
877:October 24,
483:Dixon Creek
382:Fort Supply
241:Ohio County
217:Adobe Walls
71:Ohio County
53:Billy Dixon
50:Nickname(s)
993:Categories
662:References
235:Early life
219:, fired a
189:Postmaster
112:Allegiance
64:1850-09-25
963:1874-1967
837:Palo Duro
469:pneumonia
280:Red River
276:Salt Fork
265:Fort Hays
123:Civilian
937:Records
871:Archived
782:HMdb.org
509:See also
249:European
169:Awarded
75:Virginia
907:at the
547:Sources
499:England
471:at his
462:Plemons
411:or the
278:of the
185:Sheriff
947:sniper
844:
758:. PPHM
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491:Fritch
269:Kansas
191:, and
166:Awards
106:, U.S.
77:, U.S.
205:scout
125:Scout
923:2010
879:2015
842:ISBN
821:2019
789:2018
764:2018
647:2010
627:2010
609:ISBN
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561:2010
251:and
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58:Born
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
