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formations on the flanks, one leaning on the thick forest to the west of his position. He then divided his Uhlans and sent them out to the south and north of his line, covering all and any directions the enemy might approach from. The large gap between Field
Marshal Diebitsch and Geismar's troops had resulted in a loss of contact between the two, meaning the Field Marshal would be unable to cover Geismar's cavalry or artillery should it come under attack. Dwernicki, already a seasoned commander, utilised this, as well as the darkness and cover of the forest, to set an ambush.
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moral and military capability of the
Regiment. Geismar bitterly described a waning faith in the virtues of the Russian Soldier and army, which Geismar had admired until that day, and reported that he had vastly overestimated the moral of his troops-"If I would only have been aware of the moral state of my men at the time I launched the operation—surely, I wouldn't dare to attack Dwernicki's troops at all, not to discuss 'in such a position.".
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Polish cavalry, then ordered the 2nd Troop to engage the northern detachment of
Dwernicki's Uhlans. When the Russian and Polish cavalry met, the 2nd Troop retreated toward Geismar's position almost immediately. The 3rd Troop, still mounted, followed, leaving Pashkov and his 1st Troop at the mercy of the Polish Uhlans. This initial clash was over so quickly that General Pashkov's artillery hadn't yet returned fire.
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Geismar and
General Pashkov survived the attack, perhaps purely by chance, and Geismar himself officially wrote to Field Marshal Diebitsch that his soldiers were "just struck with a sudden panic-attack", but expressed great concern in a private letter to his friend Colonel Anrep regarding the general
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The battle of
Stoczek was the first Polish victory during the November Uprising, and had a tremendous effect on Polish morale. A week-long celebration complete with firework displays was held in Warsaw, the ecstatic Poles particularly parroting the fact that Dwernicki had defeated Geismar, celebrated
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General
Pashkov had managed to return fire despite his initial losses, and Geismar's forces had put up somewhat of a fight, resulting in 46 Polish soldiers killed and 59 wounded-nowhere near the Russian losses. The Polish celebrated the victory, alongside which they had achieved the honour of being
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By the time
Geismar arrived from the east, Dwernicki's cavalry was approaching his position. Unaware of the fate of Pashkov's troops, Geismar put his guns in-line facing north and prepared to send his Regiment's own Mounted Jaegers into battle, but was then met with Pashkov's retreating 2nd and 3rd
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The then-CO major of
Geismar's 1st Brigade was General Pashkov, whom Geismar put in supreme command of another mounted Jaeger regiment from Pereyaslavl, organised into 3 Troops, and gave 4 guns. Pashkov was to approach Stoczek from north-east, while Geismar took his own cavalry and the remaining 6
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On the noon of
February the 14th, Geismar received some information regarding the presence of the Polish troops near the town of Stoczek, deciding to launch an immediate attack and taking direct command of his 1st Brigade. Geismar left his 2nd Brigade, made up primarily of mounted Jaeger Regiments
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Pashkov's
Pereyaslavl Regiment was the first to reach the field, arriving from the north-east in the early twilight hours, and immediately came under fire from Dwernicki's artillery. Pashkov put his guns in-line under the shelling and dismounted the 1st Troop of Jaegers to protect them from the
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Dwernicki kept a strong watch despite already having settled his forces for the night, and was informed by fellow Poles of the approaching Russians well in advance. Dwernicki took his troops out to the field north of Stoczek, putting his guns in-line from east to west and his infantry in square
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Morale was already waning amongst Geismar's cavalry when he finally sent them into battle, and they too were routed by the Polish cavalry. Having been taken completely by surprise, and deeply shocked by the cowardice of his soldiers, Geismar attempted to take personal command of the retreating
469:, during which time Napoleon himself had personally awarded Dwernicki the Golden Cross of the Legion of Honour for his service (it's unknown whether or not Baron Geismar knew of this.) With approximately 4,700 men at arms including 2,200 cavalrymen, Dwernicki crossed the
423:, entered Poland on 4 February and started an advance towards Warsaw. He also sent a mounted Jaeger division—2 brigades of 2 regiments, each consisting of 3 troops of 2 squadrons—into Poland on 13 February, with some 20 10-pounder guns of field artillery attached. Baron
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disbanded mounted Jaegers as the primary form of cavalry in the Russian Imperial Army in 1883, and soldiers fitting said description were sent to other cavalry regiments in accordance with the hue of their horses.
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Field Marshal Diebitsch's strategy involved sending Geismar's Corps to outflank any numerically inferior Polish forces while he advanced towards Warsaw with great speed from the direction of
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cavalry, but the battle was already lost. The retreating Russians left Baron Geismar and some of his officers at the field, who were pursued by the invigorated Polish cavalry.
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The battle of Stoczek would become known as Geismar's greatest military mistake, and Anrep himself soon after took charge of Geismar's mounted Jaeger Regiment.
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guns on an eastern road to the town. The forested terrain forced their troops to march down narrow woodland roads, and further separated the Russian forces.
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squadrons-light cavalry armed with lances, sabres and pistols-, 3 infantry battalions and 6 3-pounder guns. Their commander was Brigadier General
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the first in history to rout Russian regular cavalry regiments, with some Russians 280 killed, 230 taken prisoner and 8 Russian cannons lost.
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Troops, who were caught between Geismar's forces and the advancing Polish Uhlans, slowing Geismar's counterattack.
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had assumed command of this detachment just 9 days earlier-a seasoned commander who had defended Russia during its
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who was the son of the general Anrep, under whom Geismar has himself began his Russian service
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Despite all of this, and despite Field Marshal Diebitsch's later defeat by Polish General
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was the first significant engagement between Russian and Polish forces during the Polish
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who, incidentally, had fought for Napoleon during the French invasion of Russia and the
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most likely, the only time in the entire history of Imperial Russian regular cavalry
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Memoire of General Baron Theodore Geismar and comments on them. Vladimir Geismar.
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577:(Old Times in Russia) - 1881, book 5; 1882, book 1 (in Russian Old Spelling).
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road. The Polish forces drove off two regiments of Russian mounted
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The Polish forces in the area managed to amass a division of 14
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174:some 280 killed, 230 taken captive, 8 cannon lost
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644:mostly from the Pereyaslavl Regiment and gunners
419:The Russian Army, commanded by Field Marshal
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532:commander and a veteran and war hero of the
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477:from Arzamas and Tiraspol, including the
528:by the Russians as their then-greatest
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16:Battle of the Polish November Uprising
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675:Battles of the November Uprising
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690:History of Lublin Voivodeship
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29:Polish-Russian War 1830-1831
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534:Russo-Turkish War (1828–29)
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561:Tzar Nicholas I of Russia
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421:Hans Karl von Diebitsch
473:River on 10 February.
122:Commanders and leaders
626:24 squadrons in total
479:Riga Dragoon Regiment
171:46 killed, 59 wounded
166:Casualties and losses
158:4,700 (2,200 cavalry)
41:Battle of Stoczek by
685:February 1831 events
441:Battle of Austerlitz
599:51.9667°N 21.9667°E
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463:Polish-Austrian War
371:Międzyrzec Podlaski
251:Olszynka Grochowska
461:-a veteran of the
433:Napoleon Bonaparte
670:Conflicts in 1831
467:Battle of Leipzig
393:November Uprising
389:Battle of Stoczek
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431:at the hands of
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281:Dębe Wielkie
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90:Belligerents
602: /
399:, near the
331:Marijampolė
664:Categories
614:References
590:21°58′00″E
587:51°58′00″N
568:Literature
415:Background
326:Švenčionys
261:2nd Puławy
256:1st Puławy
514:Aftermath
356:Ostrołęka
336:Kėdainiai
276:2nd Wawer
271:Markuszów
246:Białołęka
236:Nowa Wieś
231:1st Wawer
43:Jan Rosen
551:Russians
530:vanguard
497:"Battle"
366:Paneriai
286:Domanice
241:Kałuszyn
153:Strength
65:East of
61:Location
27:Part of
543:at the
471:Vistula
409:Jaegers
361:Rajgród
346:Tykocin
341:Palanga
311:Boremel
226:Stoczek
448:Lublin
405:Warsaw
376:Warsaw
321:Firley
301:Wronów
296:Poryck
291:Iganie
104:Poland
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78:Result
71:Poland
67:Warsaw
519:Poles
455:Uhlan
401:Brest
266:Kurów
387:The
53:Date
481:of
351:Nur
666::
536:.
69:,
403:–
203:e
196:t
189:v
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