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854:, and began to raise a naval force on behalf of Polyperchon. When it was ready he sent the fleet west to reinforce Polyperchon, but off the coast of Cilicia it was met by Antigonus's fleet and changed sides. Meanwhile, Antigonus had settled his affairs in Asia Minor and marched east to take out Eumenes before he could do further damage. Eumenes somehow had advance knowledge of this and marched out of Phoenica, through Syria into Mesopotamia, with the idea of gathering support in the
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with him. He gathered together a body of troops and, marking out on the hills a large camp, he had each soldier tend a campfire during the night giving the impression that a large army encamped there. Antigonus gave up his plan and awaited the rest of his army. A few days later, the armies drew together and encamped opposite of each other about five miles apart. They were on a broad plain, entirely uncultivated because of the loose and salty soil.
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Eumenes's left flank and attack his camp; they were to seize his baggage train and carry it back to
Antigonus's camp. Because of the dust, this action went entirely unnoticed by Eumenes's army. Finding the enemy camp inadequately guarded, Antigonus's men captured and carried off most of their opponents baggage train, containing the wives, children, servants, and accumulated savings of the army.
846:. Eventually Eumenes secured control over these men by playing on their loyalty to, and superstitious awe of, Alexander. He used the royal treasury at Kyinda to recruit an army of mercenaries to add to his own troops and the Macedonians of Antigenes and Teutamos. In 317 BC, Eumenes left Cilicia and marched into
983:
Eumenes was put under heavy guard while
Antigonus held a council to decide his fate. Demetrius and Nearchos urged Antigonus to spare Eumenes's life, but most of the council members insisted he execute Eumenes. So it was decided, then, and Eumenes met his end, his body being turned over to his friends
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During the winter of 316-315 BC, Antigonus tried to surprise
Eumenes in Persia by marching his army across a desert to try and catch his enemy off guard. Unfortunately he was observed by some locals who reported it to his opponents. Eumenes then tricked Antigonus in believing he had his entire army
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wanted to retire to protect their satrapies. It was the Silver
Shields who took matters into their own hands. Learning that Antigonus had their wives, children, servants and booty, they secretly opened negotiations with Antigonus. A deal was struck whereby Antigonus would return their baggage and
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instead. Antigonus ordered
Pheiton (in command of the right flank) to attack Eumenes's phalanx in the rear. This forced Eumenes's heavy infantry to break off their victorious pursuit, but being battle-hardened veterans, they kept their head, formed a square and marched safely off the battlefield.
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routed. Despite
Eumenes's heroic efforts to drive off the Antigonids, he was seriously outnumbered and was driven back. Antigonus and Demetrius used their cavalry to form a screen between Eumenes and the rest of his army. The battle of the elephants and skirmishers was decided when Eumenes' lead
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The skirmishers and elephants were the first to engage. At once a great cloud of dust was raised from the loose soil, obscuring most of the action. Antigonus observed this and decided to take advantage of it. He selected a body of Median and
Tarentine light cavalry and ordered them to ride around
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in 323 BC, his generals immediately began squabbling over his empire. Soon it degenerated into open warfare, with each general attempting to claim a portion of
Alexander's vast kingdom. One of the most talented generals among the Diadochi was Antigonus Monophthalmus (Antigonus the One-eyed), so
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Meanwhile, in the center the two phalanxes had engaged. Spearheaded by the nigh invincible Silver
Shields, Eumenes's phalanx had won a clear victory. Eumenes now ordered Peucestas to go back into combat with his cavalry and exploit the advantage, but the latter refused, retreating even further
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to win in the center. The
Argyraspides were a unit of veterans who had fought under Philip and then Alexander. Despite the fact that these battle-hardened veterans were old enough to be their opponents' grandfathers, they were still highly respected and thought to be invincible in combat.
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The battle's result was, like Paraitacene, inconclusive, with Eumenes still possessing a strong force. That evening, Eumenes attempted to convince the army to fight Antigonus again the next day. His army was reluctant, as they had just found out their camp had been plundered, the
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On the right flank, using the thick dust to cover his movements, Antigonus and Demetrius rode with their heavy cavalry around the engaged skirmishers and elephants to unexpectedly hit Eumenes's horse on their flank. Taken by surprise a great part of Eumenes's heavy cavalry under
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commanded the heavy cavalry themselves. Eumenes, having seen Antigonus' deployment, placed himself and his best cavalry opposite Antigonus' heavy cavalry along with his own elephants and light infantry. He intended to hold Antigonus's charge while using his elite
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Antigonus, having a superiority in cavalry, resolved to mass his heavy cavalry and most of his elephants and light infantry on his right and strike against Eumenes's left flank, while refusing his center (infantry) and left (light horse). Antigonus and his son
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The Macedonians of Eumenes's army were drawn into the ranks of Antigonus's army. Given the fickle loyalty of the Silver Shields (betraying Eumenes and Antigenes), Antigonus decided to send the 1,000 unruliest of them to the far off satrapy of
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threw his opponents into disarray. He escaped from Nora through trickery, allied himself with Polyperchon (the new Regent of the Empire) and, after gathering a small army, he marched into Cilicia where he made an alliance with
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origin, unlike the rest of Diadochi. He had first been Philip's then Alexander's secretary, but Alexander seemed to have recognized a military talent in Eumenes, and gave him several senior commands in the
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as an ally of Eumenes and was responsible for the recruitment of Eumenes' elephants and light infantry was also executed, as was the leader of the Argyraspides, Antigenes.
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families in return for Eumenes and a promise of future allegiance. The Silver Shields promptly arrested Eumenes and his senior officers and handed them over to Antigonus.
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called because of an eye he lost in a siege. During the early years of warfare between the Successors, he faced Eumenes, a capable general who had already crushed
858:. When Antigonus arrived in Syria, he found out Eumenes had left his base in Phoenica and had marched into the east. They marched and counter-marched through
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933:. The morale of Antigonus' phalangites sank and the phalanx of Eumenes raised a great cheer in response. Eumenes saw an opportunity and began advancing.
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and after his assassination for his son Alexander. Skilled and experienced in war, he had proved himself in many battles. Eumenes was not of
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in the winter of 316-315 BC and ended the Second War of the Diadochi. It established Antigonus as the most powerful of the successors.
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elephant was killed and the rest became so unnerved they fled. Antigonus had clearly won the battle on the right flank.
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757:), who later switched his allegiance to Antigonus, he provides a unique perspective from both sides' point of view.
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931:"Wicked men, are you sinning against your fathers, who conquered the whole world under Philip and Alexander?"
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In 319 BC, Antigonus marched his army into Cappadocia (Eumenes's satrapy) and in a lightning campaign (see:
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Richard A. Billows, Antigonos the One-Eyed and the Creation of the Hellenistic State, 1990.
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814:. After Alexander's death, Eumenes quickly showed his skill, allying himself with
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Since the sole reference of this battle is ultimately from Eumenes' personal aide
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won but killed in the Battle of Gabiene in 316 or 315 BC. Late 17th century print.
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until the two armies finally met in southern Media and fought the indecisive
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was the second great battle (the third battle in total; see: the battles of
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Inconclusive, Antigonid overall victory when Eumenes betrayed after battle
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1325:, Warfare in the Classical World. London: Sidgwick & Jackson. 1989.
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Antigonos the One-Eyed and the Creation of the Hellenistic State
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Antigonos the One-Eyed and the Creation of the Hellenistic State
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to fight in the frontier war with the Indians, the local satrap
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before finally meeting in what was to be a decisive battle at
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Diodorus Sicilus, ’’Bibliotheca Historica’’, XVIII 60,1-60,3.
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Diodorus Sicilus, ’’Bibliotheca Historica’’, XVIII 73,1-2.
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Diodorus Sicilus, ’’Bibliotheca Historica’’, XVIII 61,4-5
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Diodorus Sicilus, ’’Bibliotheca Historica’’, XVIII 63,6.
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was given special orders to regard them as expendable.
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Diodorus Sicilus, Bibliotheca Historica, XVIII 59,1-3.
774:. The two Diadochi fought a series of actions across
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921:Disposition of troops at the Battle of Gabiene.
838:and Teutamos, the commanders of the Macedonian
16:Part of the Second War of the Diadochi (315 BC)
365:Approximate location of the Battle of Gabiene.
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753:(later transmitted through the historian
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310:) and an unknown number of light infantry
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
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317:36,700 infantry (both heavy and light)
45:Please improve this article by adding
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695:Campaign of the Chersonese (300-299)
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1312:Parallel Lives, the Life of Eumenes
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1152:, XIX 26-32,2; Richard A. Billows,
1015:'s novel on the life of Demetrius,
818:and winning over much of Anatolia.
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1130:Polyainos,’’Strategemata’’ IV 6,9.
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952:Battle of Gabiene, last mouvement.
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801:Antigonus had been a general for
368:Show map of West and Central Asia
1203:, XIX 39,6 and 42,1; Polyainos,
1034:features the Battle of Gabiene.
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1348:Lecture Notes for Week Fourteen
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1261:, XIX 42,4-43,8; Plutarch,
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925:Before the battle opened,
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131:Second War of the Diadochi
1378:Antigonus I Monophthalmus
1285:XIX 43,8-44,3; Plutarch,
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1237:, XIX 42,1-3; Plutarch,
1220:, XIX 40,1-4; Plutarch,
1182:, XIX 37,2-6; Plutarch,
393:Battle of Gabiene (Iran)
1388:Demetrius I Poliorcetes
1373:Battles of the Diadochi
1306:XIX 48,3-4; Polyainos,
724:Antigonus Monophthalmus
246:Demetrius I Poliorcetes
194:31.777205°N 51.801649°E
1383:4th century BC in Iran
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236:Commanders and leaders
206:Isfahan Province, Iran
34:relies excessively on
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1283:Bibliotheca Historica
1259:Bibliotheca Historica
1241:, 16,5-6; Polyainos,
1235:Bibliotheca Historica
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1201:Bibliotheca Historica
1186:, 15,3-4; Polyainos,
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326:Casualties and losses
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803:Philip II of Macedon
751:Hieronymus of Cardia
440:Wars of the Diadochi
362:class=notpageimage|
199:31.777205; 51.801649
158:winter of 316-315 BC
1310:IV 6,15; Plutarch,
1022:The third novel in
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765:After the death of
732:Alexander the Great
471:Intermediate period
190: /
58:"Battle of Gabiene"
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54:Find sources:
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32:This article
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1323:John Hackett
1311:
1308:Strategemata
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1293:, 10,3-13,1.
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1286:
1282:
1267:Strategemata
1266:
1262:
1258:
1243:Strategemata
1242:
1238:
1234:
1229:
1221:
1217:
1212:
1205:Strategemata
1204:
1200:
1195:
1188:Strategemata
1187:
1183:
1179:
1174:
1169:, XIX 32,1-2
1166:
1161:
1153:
1149:
1144:
1135:
1126:
1117:
1108:
1099:
1090:
1082:
1075:
1065:
1031:
1027:
1021:
1016:
1011:
994:
984:for burial.
982:
973:
964:
955:
935:
930:
924:
903:Argyraspides
894:
885:
820:
800:
764:
748:
711:
710:
653:Pseudostonum
530:
314:65 elephants
288:
272:
260:
223:Belligerents
129:Part of the
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
33:
860:Mesopotamia
720:Paraitakene
609:3rd Babylon
604:2nd Babylon
594:1st Babylon
516:Paraitakene
501:Megalopolis
331:About 5,000
308:Phalangites
197: /
170:(in modern
1362:Categories
1038:References
844:Hypaspists
807:Macedonian
776:Asia Minor
761:Background
722:) between
700:Corupedium
690:Amphipolis
668:Kallidromo
621:Fourth War
494:Second War
482:Cretopolis
465:Hellespont
228:Antigonids
185:51°48′06″E
182:31°46′38″N
69:newspapers
36:references
1224:, 16,3-4.
1156:pp.95-98.
1079:, Eumenes
1002:Sibyrtius
998:Arachosia
970:Aftermath
959:Peucestas
927:Antigenes
898:Demetrius
864:Babylonia
852:Phoenicia
836:Antigenes
831:Antipater
816:Perdiccas
730:, two of
648:Phatnicum
614:25 of Abu
538:Third War
506:Byzantium
453:First War
283:Antigenes
279:Peucestas
99:July 2024
1269:IV 6,13.
1245:IV 6,13.
1207:IV 6,13.
1085:, p.101.
1072:Plutarch
1030:series,
842:and the
827:Lycaonia
772:Craterus
755:Diodorus
736:Diadochi
638:Munychia
511:Coprates
301:Strength
295:Teutamus
163:Location
1354:Sources
986:Eudemus
977:satraps
911:phalanx
882:Prelude
868:Susiana
796:Γαβιηνή
788:Gabiene
740:Gabiene
728:Eumenes
716:Orkynia
643:Salamis
628:Piraeus
570:Chalcis
555:Tralles
531:Gabiene
477:Orkynia
289:†
273:†
267:Eudamus
261:†
255:Eumenes
250:Peithon
168:Gabiene
83:scholar
1340:
1329:
1028:Tyrant
891:Battle
780:Persia
778:, and
744:Persia
663:Athens
658:Rhodes
633:Megara
599:Tigris
560:Kaunus
285:
269:
257:
211:Result
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
1314:19,2.
990:India
905:(the
872:Media
848:Syria
792:Greek
784:Media
678:Ipsus
673:Sydon
565:Iasus
550:Caria
526:Pydna
521:Tegea
90:JSTOR
76:books
1338:ISBN
1327:ISBN
870:and
850:and
782:and
726:and
718:and
580:Myus
575:Gaza
545:Tyre
487:Nora
172:Iran
155:Date
62:news
1026:'s
798:).
742:in
334:300
38:to
1364::
1274:^
1250:^
1074:,
1064:,
1046:^
909:)
866:,
862:,
794::
49:.
1344:.
1333:.
790:(
430:e
423:t
416:v
174:)
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
43:.
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