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Despite giving assurance of safe conduct, the Mughal soldiers were looking for Guru Gobind Singh, to take his head as a trophy. After learning that the party of Sikhs had taken shelter in the haveli, they laid siege upon it. The actual battle is said to have taken place outside the haveli where Guru
1403:
After his escape from
Chamkaur, the exhausted Guru is said to have been carried by two Pathans (Ghani Khan and Nabi Khan) to Jatpur where he was received by the local Muslim chieftain. He later went to Dina, and stayed at Mai Desanji's house, where he wrote "Zafarnama" in Persian, in 111 verses.
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At crucial moments of Sikh history, the panj pyare have collectively acted as supreme authority for the Sikhs. For example, during the battle of
Chamkaur, the last five surviving Sikhs constituted themselves into the Council of Five, and they commanded Guru Gobind to leave the fortress and save
1367:
was convened during the battle, whom ordered Guru Gobind Singh to leave the battlefield to preserve his life and continue leading the Sikhs, a request which the Guru obeyed. Negotiations broke down and the Sikh soldiers chose to engage the overwhelming Mughal forces, thus allowing their Guru to
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himself to reassemble the Sikhs. Before Guru Gobind Singh passed away, he ended the line of living gurus. Through the institution of the panj pyare, the Guru envisioned a continuing society that would conduct itself democratically and choose its leaders based on merit.
1399:
or "Epistle of
Victory" is a letter that was written by Guru Gobind Singh to the then Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb. Zafarnama vividly describes what happened at Chamkaur, and also holds Aurangzeb responsible for what occurred and promises he broke.
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The Ẓafar-nāmah in this light assumes the form of an intriguing tautology: certainly the Guru was routed by Mughal forces at both
Anandpur and Chamkaur; put bluntly, he and his Sikh were militarily defeated and left
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with his disciples. While they were crossing, the
Mughals and hill kings attacked. Guru Gobind Singh and his followers asked permission of the city chief for shelter to rest for the night in their
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Gursanah chi kare kunad chihal nar. Ki dab lak bar dyad baro bekhabar.19.What can at all do, the forty famished men, When attacked suddenly by a million foemen.19
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gursaneh ch kaare kunadh chihal nar k dheh lakh baraayadh baro bekhhabar what can forty hungry men do when ten lac strong army pounces upon them ?
1651:"गुरसनह चि कारे कुनद चिहल नर gursaneh ch kaare kunadh chihal nar कि दह लख बरआयद बरो बेख़बर stanza १९ k dheh lakh baraayadh baro bekhhabar stanza 19"
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stanza 19 " And, what could my forty men do (at
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The Guru emphasised how he was proud that his sons had died fighting in battle, and that he had 'thousands of sons – the
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1538:"Panj Pyare the Five Beloved of Sikh History – Guru Gobind Singh Creates the Original Panj Pyare of 1699"
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Who Are the Sikhs? An
Exploration of the Beliefs, Practices, & Traditions of the Sikh People
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The Sikh Zafar-namah of Guru Gobind Singh: A Discursive Blade in the Heart of the Mughal Empire
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and of Hindu hill chief. Guru Gobind Singh makes a reference to this battle in his letter
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1669:. Jagtar Singh Sokhi, Sokhi House ,ward no. 4 Mudki Distt Ferozepur. p. 21
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Translation written on the ANGS of Sree Dasam Granth – By
Mashaqat Singh
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Sandhu, Gian Singh (2023). "34. Who are the current panj pyare?".
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metaphorically states that the Mughal soldiers numbered 1 million)
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on the night of 5 and 6 December 1704, or 1705 he crossed the
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The Sikhs : Their
Journey Of Five Hundred Years
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103:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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1491:. Punjabi University Patiala. 19 December 2000
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1368:escape. Another Sikh who resembled the Guru,
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2320:List of places named after Guru Gobind Singh
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66:Learn how and when to remove these messages
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1802:Encyclopaedia of Sikh Religion and Culture
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225:Learn how and when to remove this message
163:Learn how and when to remove this message
1798:Dogra, R. C.; Mansukhani, G. S. (1995).
1464:, (Oxford University Press, 2013), 66; "
1316:, was fought between the Khalsa, led by
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1516:. Oxford University Press. p. 87.
1361:Gobind Singh was resting. A council of
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1864:Battle description at singhsabha.com
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101:adding citations to reliable sources
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2406:Battles involving the Mughal Empire
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595:Innumerable Mughal soldiers Killed.
322:Mughal and Hindu Hill Chief victory
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1806:. Vikas Publishing House. p.
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1738:Dhillon, Dr Dalbir Singh (1988).
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47:This article has multiple issues.
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1741:Sikhism – Origin and Development
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2028:Battle of Anandpur Sahib (1701)
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55:or discuss these issues on the
1631:English Translation Zafarnamah
1573:. Pentagon Press. p. 34.
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2125:Chandi Charitar Ukat(i) Bilas
1694:guru Gobind singh'sZAFARNAMAH
1666:Zafarnamah (Patshahi Dasveen)
1600:. Hemkunt Press. p. 31.
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1336:After Guru Gobind Singh left
637:31 other Sikh soldiers killed
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255:Not to be confused with the
27:1705 battle in Punjab, India
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2421:Battles involving the Sikhs
1597:The encyclopedia of Sikhism
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2426:1700s in the Mughal Empire
2280:Jamshed Khan and Wasil Beg
1691:Singh, Prof. Surinderjit.
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2336:Takht Sri Keshgarh Sahib
2049:Battle of Bichhora Sahib
2022:First Battle of Anandpur
1510:Louis E. Fenech (2013).
1489:Encyclopaedia of Sikhism
1310:Battle of Chamkaur Sahib
257:First Battle of Chamkaur
2034:Battle of Basoli (1702)
1721:Dasam Granth Manuscript
1083:Sodhra and Badra (1748)
1070:Samad Khan's Expedition
586:Khwaja Muhammad injured
293:6 December 1705 or 1704
2016:Battle of Guler (1696)
1765:. Archway Publishing.
1567:Raj Pal Singh (2004).
1332:Preamble to the battle
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439:Hill State Commanders
401:Khwaja Muhammad (
373:Commanders and leaders
2356:Gurdwara Paonta Sahib
2346:Takht Sri Patna Sahib
2341:Takht Sri Hazur Sahib
1836:"Zafarnama stanza 45"
1594:Singha, H. S (2000).
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1196:Hill States-Sikh Wars
579:Casualties and losses
279:Hill States-Sikh Wars
1834:Singh, Guru Gobind.
1425:"Gobind Singh ,Guru"
926:Anandpur (2nd, 1704)
921:Anandpur (1st, 1704)
906:Anandpur (2nd, 1700)
901:Anandpur (1st, 1700)
302:Near the village of
207:improve this article
195:to meet Knowledge's
112:"Battle of Chamkaur"
97:improve this article
1267:Banda Singh Bahadur
592:Ghairat Khan killed
2255:Prasadi (elephant)
2004:Battle of Bhangani
1978:Guru Maneyo Granth
1647:"Zafarnamah Hindi"
1427:. 19 December 2000
1306:Battle of Chamkaur
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384:Mughal Commanders
265:Battle of Chamkaur
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2130:Chandi Charitar 2
2055:Battle of Muktsar
1918:Guru Tegh Bahadur
1903:Guru Gobind Singh
1772:978-1-6657-3953-5
1607:978-81-7010-301-1
1523:978-0-19-993145-3
1460:Louis E. Fenech,
1318:Guru Gobind Singh
1299:Guru Gobind Singh
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865:
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851:
843:
834:
833:
830:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
772:Raigarh (1689)
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
697:Dharmat (1658)
694:
688:
687:
684:
683:
671:
670:
663:
656:
648:
640:
639:
638:
635:
629:
623:
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559:
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538:
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486:
473:
468:
451:
450:
449:
447:
444:
432:
431:
421:
418:
408:
399:
398:Zabardast Khan
396:
391:
375:
374:
370:
369:
354:
333:
332:
328:
327:
324:
323:
320:
316:
315:
301:
299:
295:
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283:
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267:
266:
251:
250:
233:
232:
203:cleanup reason
187:
185:
178:
171:
170:
85:
83:
76:
71:
45:
44:
42:
35:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2438:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2416:1705 in India
2414:
2412:
2411:1704 in India
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
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2393:
2391:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2363:
2357:
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2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2327:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2310:Muktsar Sahib
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2292:
2290:
2286:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2268:
2266:
2262:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2250:Neela (horse)
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2235:Bhai Kanhaiya
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2225:Banda Bahadur
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2210:Bhai Nand Lal
2208:
2207:
2205:
2201:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2170:Khalsa Mahima
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2135:Chandi Di Var
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2104:
2100:
2093:
2088:
2086:
2081:
2079:
2074:
2073:
2070:
2067:
2063:
2056:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2029:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2017:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2005:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1995:
1989:
1988:The 52 Hukams
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1959:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1944:Zorawar Singh
1941:
1938:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1913:
1909:
1904:
1896:
1891:
1889:
1884:
1882:
1877:
1876:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1862:
1861:
1837:
1830:
1828:
1819:
1813:
1809:
1804:
1803:
1794:
1787:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1768:
1764:
1763:
1755:
1747:
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1734:
1727:
1723:
1722:
1715:
1708:
1696:
1695:
1687:
1680:
1668:
1667:
1659:
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1648:
1642:
1640:
1632:
1627:
1625:
1609:
1603:
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1598:
1590:
1582:
1576:
1572:
1571:
1563:
1547:
1543:
1539:
1533:
1525:
1519:
1515:
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1506:
1490:
1486:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1468:
1463:
1457:
1451:, p. 43)
1450:
1445:
1443:
1426:
1420:
1418:
1413:
1405:
1401:
1398:
1389:
1387:
1383:
1373:
1371:
1366:
1365:
1353:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1300:
1295:
1282:
1280:Batala (1784)
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1234:Basoli (1702)
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1203:
1198:
1188:
1183:
1181:
1176:
1174:
1169:
1168:
1165:
1153:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1103:Nadaun (1752)
1101:
1099:
1098:Multan (1749)
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1040:Gurdas Nangal
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
979:Chappar Chiri
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
883:
880:
875:
864:
859:
857:
852:
850:
845:
844:
841:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
802:Khelna (1702)
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
782:Nadaun (1691)
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
752:Kalyan (1683)
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
737:Salher (1672)
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
712:Chakan (1660)
710:
708:
707:Khajwa (1659)
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
689:
685:
679:
676:Campaigns of
669:
664:
662:
657:
655:
650:
649:
646:
636:
633:
630:
627:
624:
621:
618:
615:
612:
609:
606:
603:
600:
599:
594:
591:
588:
585:
584:
583:
582:
577:
573:
569:
568:
561:
560:
555:
550:
548:
542:
539:
537:
535:
529:
526:
524:
522:
516:
513:
511:
509:
503:
500:
498:
496:
490:
487:
485:
483:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
463:
462:
461:
457:
452:
448:
445:
442:
441:
440:
437:
430:
428:
422:
419:
417:
415:
409:
406:
400:
397:
395:
392:
390:
387:
386:
385:
382:
377:
376:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
353:
348:
343:
342:Mughal Empire
339:
335:
334:
329:
321:
318:
317:
313:
312:Punjab, India
309:
305:
300:
297:
296:
292:
289:
288:
284:
281:
280:
275:
274:
268:
263:
258:
247:
244:
229:
226:
218:
215:December 2011
208:
204:
198:
194:
193:
186:
177:
176:
167:
164:
156:
153:December 2011
145:
142:
138:
135:
131:
128:
124:
121:
117:
114: –
113:
109:
108:Find sources:
102:
98:
92:
91:
86:This article
84:
80:
75:
74:
69:
67:
60:
59:
54:
53:
48:
43:
34:
33:
30:
19:
2371:
2305:Paonta Sahib
2140:Gian Parbodh
2099:Dasam Granth
1940:Jujhar Singh
1931:Mata Sundari
1868:
1845:24 September
1843:. Retrieved
1801:
1793:
1784:
1761:
1754:
1740:
1733:
1725:
1720:
1714:
1706:
1699:. Retrieved
1697:. p. 44
1693:
1686:
1678:
1671:. Retrieved
1665:
1658:
1650:
1611:. Retrieved
1596:
1589:
1569:
1562:
1550:. Retrieved
1546:the original
1541:
1532:
1512:
1505:
1493:. Retrieved
1488:
1465:
1461:
1456:
1449:Singha (2000
1429:. Retrieved
1402:
1395:
1379:
1370:Sangat Singh
1362:
1359:
1345:
1335:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1303:
1261:
1257:Sarsa (1704)
1152:Delhi (1783)
1118:Delhi (1764)
1075:Sarai Nurdin
826:
822:Sarsa (1704)
812:Torna (1704)
787:Guler (1696)
717:Surat (1664)
692:Bidar (1657)
632:Sangat Singh
614:Mohkam Singh
608:Jujhar Singh
565:
546:
541:Jujhar Singh
533:
520:
507:
494:
489:Himmat Singh
481:
476:Mohkam Singh
471:Dharam Singh
453:
433:
426:
420:Mu'nim Khan.
413:
378:
350:Alliance of
331:Belligerents
277:
271:
239:
221:
212:
189:
159:
150:
140:
133:
126:
119:
107:
95:Please help
90:verification
87:
63:
56:
50:
49:Please help
46:
29:
2155:Rudar Avtar
2150:Brahm Avtar
1997:The Warrior
1983:The Five Ks
1948:Fateh Singh
1613:22 December
1495:28 December
1342:Sarsa River
1035:Kiri Pathan
1000:Kotla Begum
626:Sahib Singh
502:Sahib Singh
443:Ajmer Chand
352:Hill States
209:if you can.
2390:Categories
2351:Nada Sahib
2329:Gurudwaras
2276:Wazir Khan
2215:Panj Pyare
2203:Associates
2185:Zafarnamah
2165:33 Swayyae
2115:Akal Ustat
2110:Jaap Sahib
1973:Panj Pyare
1961:The Leader
1952:Ajit Singh
1922:Mata Gujri
1817:0706983688
1781:1376370414
1701:7 February
1673:7 February
1467:scattered.
1408:References
1364:Panj Piare
1322:Wazir Khan
1079:Rorī Sahib
1055:Thikriwala
988:Saharanpur
767:Wai (1687)
602:Ajit Singh
528:Ajit Singh
466:Daya Singh
446:Fateh Shah
394:Wazir Khan
123:newspapers
52:improve it
2271:Aurangzeb
2264:Opponents
2065:The Saint
1927:Mata Jito
1542:about.com
1397:Zafarnama
1392:Zafarnama
1376:Aftermath
1326:Zafarnama
1093:Ram Rauni
1045:Gurdaspur
995:Jalalabad
678:Aurangzeb
567:Zafarnama
389:Aurangzeb
58:talk page
2315:Chamkaur
2190:Hikayats
1746:Archived
1552:27 April
1015:Thanesar
1005:Bhilowal
971:Sadhaura
896:Taragarh
557:Strength
304:Chamkaur
298:Location
270:Part of
190:require
2024:,(1700)
2012:,(1687)
2006:,(1688)
1431:6 March
1312:or the
1141:Patiala
1137:Ghanaur
1060:Basarke
991:Nanautu
984:Sirhind
956:Sonepat
941:Muktsar
547:†
534:†
521:†
508:†
495:†
482:†
427:†
414:†
192:cleanup
137:scholar
2288:Places
1968:Khalsa
1911:Family
1814:
1779:
1769:
1604:
1577:
1520:
1382:Singhs
1356:Battle
1350:haveli
1269:(1711)
966:Kapuri
961:Samana
911:Basoli
886:Nadaun
634:killed
628:killed
622:killed
616:killed
610:killed
604:killed
543:
530:
517:
504:
491:
478:
362:Khalsa
319:Result
139:
132:
125:
118:
110:
2295:Patna
1839:(PDF)
1386:Quran
1346:garhi
1113:Patti
1025:Jammu
1010:Rahon
975:Ropar
946:Jajau
931:Sarsa
891:Guler
870:Late
366:Sikhs
144:JSTOR
130:books
1847:2013
1812:ISBN
1777:OCLC
1767:ISBN
1703:2022
1675:2022
1615:2011
1602:ISBN
1575:ISBN
1554:2012
1518:ISBN
1497:2020
1433:2021
1304:The
1133:Jind
290:Date
276:and
116:news
1808:100
1348:or
1050:Wan
404:WIA
201:No
99:by
2392::
1950:,
1946:,
1942:,
1933:,
1929:,
1920:,
1901:☬
1826:^
1810:.
1783:.
1775:.
1705:.
1677:.
1649:.
1638:^
1623:^
1540:.
1487:.
1474:^
1441:^
1416:^
1388:.
1328:.
574:40
310:,
306:,
61:.
2091:e
2084:t
2077:v
2057:.
2051:,
2030:,
2018:,
1905:☬
1894:e
1887:t
1880:v
1849:.
1820:.
1617:.
1583:.
1556:.
1526:.
1499:.
1469:"
1435:.
1186:e
1179:t
1172:v
862:e
855:t
848:v
667:e
660:t
653:v
407:)
368:)
364:(
246:)
240:(
228:)
222:(
217:)
213:(
199:.
166:)
160:(
155:)
151:(
141:·
134:·
127:·
120:·
93:.
68:)
64:(
20:)
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