Ballroom dance - Knowledge

101:) -- the respective national member bodies of the WDSF. It also consists of two categories analogous to the Standard and Latin categories of the International School, respectively called Smooth and Rhythm. The Smooth category consists of only four dances—American Waltz, American Tango, American Foxtrot, and American Viennese Waltz, omitting American Peabody (the American School equivalent to Quickstep) -- while the dances selected for competition in the Rhythm category are American Cha Cha, American Rumba, American East Coast Swing (the American School equivalent to International Jive), American Bolero, and American Mambo. A "Smooth" or "Rhythm" competition encompasses the dances in the respective category, and a "Nine Dance" competition encompassing all nine of these dances is analogous to the "Ten Dance" competition of the International School. USA Dance additionally recognizes American Peabody, American Merengue, American Paso Doble, American Samba, American West Coast Swing, American Polka, and American Hustle as ballroom dances in which sanctioned competition may take place. 87:, each of which consist of five dances—International Waltz, International Tango, International Viennese Waltz, International Slow Foxtrot, and International Quickstep in the Standard category and International Samba, International Cha Cha, International Rumba, International Paso Doble, and International Jive in the Latin category. A "Standard" or "Latin" competition encompasses all five dances in the respective category, and a "Ten Dance" competition encompasses all ten dances. The two styles, while differing in technique, rhythm, and costumes, exemplify core elements of ballroom dancing such as control and cohesiveness. 515:

a strong focus on finding a compatible dance partner and bonding with teammates. There is also a competitive side to collegiate ballroom - collegiate teams often hold competitions and invite other teams to participate. These competitions are often run with many of the same rules are regular amateur competitions as outlined above, but are usually organized entirely by collegiate teams. Examples include the MIT Open Ballroom Dance Competition, Big Apple Dancesport Challenge, Purdue Ballroom Classic, Cardinal Classic, Berkeley Classic, and Harvard Invitational.

20: 868:, traditional singer/songwriter tradition from eastern Cuba, with no associated dance, it soon became a ballroom favorite in Cuba and all of Latin America. The dance most commonly represents the couple falling in love. Modern bolero is seen as a combination of many dances: like a slow salsa with contra-body movement of tango, patterns of rhumba, and rise and fall technique and personality of waltz and foxtrot. Bolero can be danced in a closed hold or singly and then coming back together. It is performed as an American Rhythm dance. 1010:. There have been 40 different versions documented over the years; most common is the East Coast swing which is performed in the American Smooth (or American Rhythm) only in the U.S. or Canada. The East Coast swing was established by Arthur Murray and others only shortly after World War II. Swing music is very lively and upbeat and can be danced to jazz or big band music. The swing dancing style has much bounce and energy. Swing also includes many spins and underarm turns. East Coast swing is performed as an American Rhythm dance. 361: 462: 498:, each dancer performs two or more dances in a certain genre in front of a judge. Genres such as Modern Ballroom or Latin are the most popular. Societies such as the ISTD and UKA also offer medal tests on other dance styles (such as Country & Western, Rock 'n Roll or Tap). In some North American examinations, levels include Newcomer, Bronze, Silver, Gold, Novice, Pre-championship, and Championship; each level may be further subdivided into either two or four separate sections. 285: 890:. The international version of Ballroom Samba has been based on an early version of Brazilian Samba called Maxixe, but has since developed away and differs strongly from Brazilian Ballroom Samba, which is called Samba de Gafieira. International Ballroom Samba is danced with a slight bounce which is created through the bending and straightening the knee. It is performed as an International Latin dance, although most of its modern development has occurred outside Latin America. 721:. It is often referred to as the classic “old-school” ballroom. Viennese Waltz music is quite fast. Slight shaping of the body moves towards the inside of the turn and shaping forward and up to lengthen the opposite side from direction. Reverse turn is used to travel down long side and is overturned. While natural turn is used to travel short side and is underturned to go around the corners. Viennese waltz is performed for both International Standard and American Smooth. 3997: 507: 3976: 659: 3987: 482:

restricted to those written in a syllabus, and illegal moves can lead to disqualification. Each level, bronze, silver, and gold, has different moves on their syllabus, increasing in difficulty. There are three levels in the open category; novice, pre-champ, and champ in increasing order of skill. At those levels, dancers no longer have restrictions on their moves, so complex routines are more common.

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head is extended left to follow the elbow. Figures with rotation have little rise. The start of the rise begins slowly from the first count, peaks on the 2nd count and lowers slowly on the 3rd. Sway is also used on the second step to make the step longer and also to slow down the momentum by bringing the feet together. Waltz is performed for both International Standard and American Smooth.

585:. The categorization of dances as "ballroom dances" has always been fluid, with new dances or folk dances being added to or removed from the ballroom repertoire from time to time, so no list of subcategories or dances is any more than a description of current practices. There are other dances historically accepted as ballroom dances, and are revived via the 117: 795:. It is a fast moving dance, so men are allowed to close their feet and the couples move in short syncopated steps. Quickstep includes the walks, runs, chasses, and turns of the original foxtrot dance, with some other fast figures such as locks, hops, run, quick step, jump and skips. Quick step is performed as an International Standard dance. 256:, which marked the adoption of the waltz form into the sphere of absolute music. The dance was initially met with tremendous opposition due to the semblance of impropriety associated with the closed hold, though the stance gradually softened. In the 1840s several new dances made their appearance in the ballroom, including the 650:, couples do not follow the line of dance but perform their routines more or less in one spot. In competitions, the women are often dressed in short-skirted Latin outfits while the men are outfitted in tight-fitting shirts and pants, the goal being to emphasize the dancers' leg action and body movements. 739:

is danced in both open and closed embraces which focuses on the lead and follow moving in harmony of the tango's passionate charging music. The tango's technique is like walking to the music while keeping feet grounded and allowing ankles and knees to brush against one another during each step taken.

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Exhibitions and social situations that feature ballroom dancing also may include additional partner dances such as Lindy Hop, Night Club Two Step, Night Club Swing, Bachata, Country Two Step, and regional (local or national) favorites that normally are not regarded as part of the ballroom family, and

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music. The dance therefore was originally named as the “Fox’s trot”. The foxtrot can be danced at slow, medium, or fast tempos depending on the speed of the jazz or big band music. The partners are facing one another and frame rotates from one side to another, changing direction after a measure. The

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There is a part of the ballroom world dedicated to college students. These chapters are typically clubs or teams that have an interest in ballroom dancing. Teams hold fundraisers, social events, and ballroom dance lessons. Ballroom dance teams' goals are to have fun and learn to dance well. There is

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In competitive ballroom, dancers are judged by diverse criteria such as poise, the hold or frame, posture, musicality and expression, timing, body alignment and shape, floor craft, foot and leg action, and presentation. Judging in a performance-oriented sport is inevitably subjective in nature, and

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Modern ballroom dance has its roots early in the 20th century, when several different things happened more or less at the same time. The first was a movement away from the sequence dances towards dances where the couples moved independently. This had been pre-figured by the waltz, which had already

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is danced both competitively and socially. In competition, there are 15 recognized New Vogue dances, which are performed by the competitors in sequence. These dance forms are not recognized internationally, neither are the US variations such as American Smooth, and Rhythm. Such variations in dance

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influenced all forms of dance in the U.S. and elsewhere. Although both actors had separate careers, their filmed dance sequences together, which included portrayals of the Castles, have reached iconic status. Much of Astaire and Rogers' work portrayed social dancing, although the performances were

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in the early 1950s, as a slower alternative to Mambo—and, in fact, was originally called Triple Mambo. The Cha Cha is a flirtatious dance with many hip rotations and partners synchronising their movements. The dance includes bending and straightening of the knee giving it a touch of Cuban motion.

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in the 17th century. In the early 19th century it was introduced in England. It was the first dance where a man held a woman close to his body. When performing the dance, the upper body is kept to the left throughout all figures, the follower's body leans to the right side of the leader while the

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while the follow takes the role of the matador's cape, the bull, or even the matador. The chasse cape refers to the lead using the follow to turn them as if they are the cape, and the appel is when the lead stomps their foot to get the bull's attention. Pasodoble is performed as an International

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Competitors dance at different levels based on their ability and experience. The levels are split into two categories, syllabus and open. The syllabus levels are newcomer/pre-bronze, bronze, silver, and gold—with gold the highest syllabus level and newcomer the lowest. In these levels, moves are

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Ballroom dance competitions are regulated by each country in its own way. There are about 30 countries which compete regularly in international competitions. There are another 20 or so countries which have membership of the WDC and/or the WDSF, but whose dancers rarely appear in international

1032:. Jive originated from African American clubs in the early 1940s. During World War II, American soldiers introduced the jive in England where it was adapted to today's competitive jive. In jive, the man leads the dance while the woman encourages the man to ask her to dance. It is danced to 924:. It includes Cuban motions through knee-strengthening, figure-eight hip rotation, and swiveling foot action. An important characteristic of rumba is the powerful and direct lead achieved through the ball of the foot. Rumba is performed for both International Latin and American Rhythm. 558:, whereas American Smooth allows closed, open and separated dance movements. In addition, different sets of dance figures are usually taught for the two styles. International Latin and American Rhythm have different styling, and have different dance figures in their respective syllabi. 234:" of the feet were formulated for the first time by members of the Académie. Eventually, the first definite cleavage between ballet and ballroom came when professional dancers appeared in the ballets, and the ballets left the Court and went to the stage. Ballet technique such as the 322:. These professionals analysed, codified, published, and taught a number of standard dances. It was essential, if popular dance was to flourish, for dancers to have some basic movements they could confidently perform with any partner they might meet. Here the huge 448:

is another style of competitive dance recognized by the WDSF. In this style, multiple dancers (usually in couples and typically up to 16 dancers at one time) compete on the same team, moving in and out of various formations while dancing. The

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WDC World Youth (Under 21) Champions 2013, Michael Foskett & Nika Vlasenko. Adjudicators in background are former World Champion & British Open to the World Champions: Anne (Lewis) Gleave (red dress) and Karen Hilton MBE (black

886:. The rhythm of samba and its name originated from the language and culture of West African slaves. In 1905, samba became known to other countries during an exhibition in Paris. In the 1940s, samba was introduced in America through 777:

dance is generally danced flat, with not much rise and fall. The walking steps are taken as slow for the two beats per steps and quick for one beat per step. Foxtrot is performed for both International Standard and American Smooth.

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controversy and complaints by competitors over judging placements are not uncommon. The scorekeepers—called scrutineers—will tally the total number recalls accumulated by each couple through each round until the finals when the

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The pasodoble originated from Spain and its dramatic bullfights. The dance is mostly performed only in competitions and rarely socially because of its many choreographic rules. The lead plays the role of the

844:. It became one of the most popular ballroom dances of the 19th century and saw many classical adaptations. However, by the 20th century it had become old-fashioned. A Cuban music genre of the same name, 713:

area in France in 1559 and is recognized as the oldest of all ballroom dances. It was introduced in England as German waltz in 1812 and became popular throughout the 19th century by the music of

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a number of historical dances also may be danced in ballrooms or salons. Additionally, some sources regard Sequence Dancing, in pairs or other formations, to be a style of ballroom dance.

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is used to place each couple by ordinals, typically 1–6, though the number of couples in the final may vary. Sometimes, up to 8 couples may be present on the floor during the finals.

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for the lower classes. These boundaries have since become blurred. The definition of ballroom dance also depends on the era: balls have featured popular dances of the day such as the

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Medal evaluations for amateurs enable dancers' individual abilities to be recognized according to conventional standards. In medal evaluations, which are run by bodies such as the

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Standard/Smooth dances are normally danced to Western music (often from the mid-twentieth century), and couples dance counter-clockwise around a rectangular floor following the

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Tango is a flat-footed dance and unlike the other dances, has no rise and fall. Body weight is kept over the toes and the connection is held between the dancers in the hips.

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Latin/Rhythm dances are commonly danced to contemporary Latin American music and (in case of jive) Western music. With the exception of a few traveling dances like

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The third event was a concerted effort to transform some of the dance crazes into dances which could be taught to a wider dance public in the U.S. and Europe. Here

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The first authoritative knowledge of the earliest ballroom dances was recorded toward the end of the 16th century, when Jehan Tabourot, under the pen name "

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may refer, at its widest definition, to almost any recreational dance with a partner. However, with the emergence of dance competition (now known as

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and the United Kingdom Championships. In the United States, the member branches of the WDC (National Dance Council of America) and the WDSF (

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Note that dances of the two schools that bear the same name may differ considerably in permitted patterns (figures), technique, and styling.

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Abra, Allison. "Review of James Nott, Going to the palais: a social and cultural history of dancing and dance halls in Britain, 1918–1960."

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which means 'to dance' (a ball-room being a large room specially designed for such dances). In times past, ballroom dancing was

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Cha Cha (sometimes wrongly called Cha Cha Cha based on a "street version" of the dance with shifted timing) was developed by

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for the men; though in American Smooth it is now conventional for the men to abandon the tailsuit in favor of shorter

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The quickstep is an English dance and was invented in the 1920s as a combination of faster tempo of foxtrot and the

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music, and some technique is taken from salsa, swing and tango. Jive is performed as an International Latin dance.

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positions of the feet, however, lingered for over two centuries and past the end of the Victoria era.

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movements. Ballroom tango, rather than Argentine tango, is performed in international competition.

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Other dances sometimes placed under the umbrella "ballroom dance" include nightclub dances such as

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Going to the Palais: a social and cultural history of dancing and dance halls in Britain, 1918-60

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in public. The Minuet dominated the ballroom from that time until the close of the 18th century.

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The foxtrot is an American dance, believed to be of African-American origin. It was named by a

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in Australia and New Zealand, are also sometimes included as a type of Ballroom dancing.

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and competition methods are attempts to meets perceived needs in the local market-place.

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Complete listings of affiliations are given in the programmes of the major competitions.

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format, and took it to Mexico and the United States, where it became a "dance craze".

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were important, and so was a generation of English dancers in the 1920s, including

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aspects. Ballroom dancing is also widely enjoyed on stage, film, and television.

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Rumba came to the United States from Cuba in the 1920s and became a popular

83:), is most prevalent in Europe. It encompasses two categories, Standard and 3955: 3915: 3910: 3837: 3825: 3688: 3651: 3563: 3422: 3177: 3022: 2962: 2912: 2724: 2666: 2621: 2561: 2556: 2494: 2466: 2454: 2439: 2434: 1860: 1664: 1503: 1298: 1019: 535:, which is danced predominantly in the United Kingdom, and its development 334: 284: 246:

The waltz with its modern hold took root in England in about 1812; in 1819

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organisation in America, and the dance societies in England, such as the

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in 2006. The couple, dancing for the US, came third in the Professional

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Ballroom, Boogie, Shimmy Sham, Shake: A Social and Popular Dance Reader

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time. On the European continent, the Viennese waltz is known simply as

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Cha-cha is performed for both International Latin and American Rhythm.

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It's a Fabulous world,(2020) Documentary about ballroom dance industry

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made this transition. The second was a wave of popular music, such as

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Daniel, Yvonne (2009). "Rumba Then and Now". In Malnig, Julie (ed.).

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The Spanish bolero was developed in the late 18th century out of the

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Ballroom dancing competitions in the former USSR also included the

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Tango originated in Buenos Aires in the late 19th century. Modern

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Toward the later half of the 17th century, Louis XIV founded his '

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American Ballroom Companion Collection: Dance Instruction Manuals

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Intermediate level international style Latin dancing at the 2006

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competitions typically accompany professional competitions. The

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also holds an annual event for competitive formation dancing.

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ballroom dance competition. A judge stands in the foreground.

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that had found a place in the Quadrilles and other dances.

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Ballroom Dance Styles | America's Ballroom Challenge | PBS

1335:: 29–30 bars per minute. 30–32 bars per minute for Bronze 1380:: 30–32 bars per minute 32–36 bars per minute for Bronze 1044: 2331: 523:"Ballroom dance" refers most often to the ten dances of 415:) both grant national and regional championship titles. 94: 510:

People on the dance floor waiting to dance and compete.

1404:: 47 bars per minute 48–51 bars per minute for Bronze 1396:: 24 bars per minute 24–26 bars per minute for Bronze 1388:: 36 bars per minute 34–36 bars per minute for Bronze 1359:: 53–54 bars per minute 54 bars per minute for Bronze 1351:: 30 bars per minute 32–34 bars per minute for Bronze 1343:: 60 bars per minute 30–32 bars per minute for Bronze 204:

called the "cinq pace" as it was made of five steps.

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The term 'ballroom dancing' is derived from the word

2157:. Chicago, IL: University of Illinois. p. 162. 1667:– musette-waltz – musette-tango – musette-paso-doble 1320: 957:. They conceived a new form of danzón influenced by 391:

ballroom dance. It has recognized another body, the

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Later, in the 1930s, the on-screen dance pairing of

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The history of English ballroom dancing (1900–1945)

1486:(always included in the "Rhythm-Swing" category) / 1446:Other dances occasionally categorized as ballroom: 945:, the national dance of Cuba, in the late 1930s by 690:Waltz began as a country folk dance in Austria and 375:, range from world championships, regulated by the 3745: 965:transformed the mambo from the charanga into the 4013: 1781:"CDS Constitution and Bylaws/Reglement Generaux" 215:, was introduced into Paris and set to music by 3219: 2347: 1986:"USA DANCE National DanceSport Championships" 1039: 164:, and others, which are now considered to be 132:which in turn originates from the Latin word 1028:group and is a very lively variation of the 862:Although Cuban bolero was born as a form of 608:. One example of this is the subcategory of 3247:Sorted by occasions, purposes or attributes 1829: 1827: 1825: 627:affair, with full gowns for the ladies and 3226: 3212: 2354: 2340: 2323:Rare Book and Special Collections Division 2123:"Just Dance Ballroom :: Dance Styles" 1932:Certificate of Olympic recognition of WDSF 1861:"History of Musical Film, by John Kenrick" 772:in 1914. Fox was rapidly trotting step to 456: 342:highly choreographed (often by Astaire or 111: 3233: 2065:"International Style - DanceCentral.info" 346:) and meticulously staged and rehearsed. 1822: 1726: 1724: 657: 505: 460: 359: 283: 115: 43:around the world, mostly because of its 40: 18: 1002:Swing in 1927 was originally named the 492:Imperial Society of Teachers of Dancing 371:Competitions, sometimes referred to as 328:Imperial Society of Teachers of Dancing 4014: 2209:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 2150: 1045:International Style competition dances 941:Mambo was developed as an offshoot of 662:Victor Fung and Anna Mikhed dancing a 592:In Europe, Latin Swing dances include 501: 403:competitions. In Britain there is the 349: 228:Académie Royale de Musique et de Danse 171: 3207: 2335: 1734:. Routledge & Kegan Paul, London. 1721: 653: 639:, vests, and other creative outfits. 542:In the United States and Canada, the 279: 3986: 2228: 2038:"History of Modern Ballroom Dancing" 1960:"United States Dance Championships®" 912:. Rumba is a ballroom adaptation of 485: 2282:"Ballroom Dancing Judging Criteria" 1788:Canada Dancesport/Dansesport Canada 1412:Historical/Vintage Ballroom dance: 991: 13: 2221: 2115: 2086: 674: 14: 4053: 2311: 2307:https://imdb.com/title/tt6727522/ 1321:American Style competition dances 823: 698: 367:dance at competitions in Austria. 291:, early ballroom dance pioneers, 3996: 3995: 3985: 3974: 2014:. USA Dance, Inc. Archived from 1867:from the original on 11 May 2008 211:, originally a peasant dance of 3148:Dance in mythology and religion 2171: 2144: 2133:from the original on 2017-04-29 2104:from the original on 2017-05-05 2075:from the original on 2017-05-14 2057: 2030: 2004: 1992:from the original on 2017-05-08 1978: 1966:from the original on 2007-03-11 1952: 1943: 1925: 1896:from the original on 2008-05-03 1886:"Review of "Swing Time" (1936)" 1797:from the original on 2022-10-09 1761:from the original on 2022-10-09 1474:– and the whole swing variety: 882:Samba is the national dance of 851: 798: 385:International Olympic Committee 241: 1907: 1878: 1853: 1840: 1809: 1773: 1737: 686:Waltz (International Standard) 409:British Sequence Championships 1: 1819:. Barrie and Jenkins, London. 1817:Old Time and sequence dancing 1732:Social dance: a short history 1714: 1709:Dancesport at the Asian Games 709:Viennese waltz originated in 496:United Kingdom Alliance (UKA) 292: 2317:Digitized material from the 2275:Contemporary British History 803: 780: 140:for the privileged, leaving 7: 2277:(Sep 2016) 30#3 pp 432–433. 2254:How To Become A Good Dancer 1687: 1056: 393:World DanceSport Federation 77:World DanceSport Federation 10: 4058: 1745:"Dancesport Rulebook 2019" 1040:Dance style classification 1017: 995: 976: 972: 934: 897: 875: 855: 827: 807: 784: 757: 753: 728: 702: 683: 353: 3969: 3886: 3811: 3738: 3581: 3549: 3516: 3408: 3401: 3353: 3308: 3259: 3252: 3245: 3103: 2790: 2700: 2575: 2465: 2397: 2369: 2361: 2127:www.justdanceballroom.com 1863:. Musicals101.com. 1996. 1407: 1362: 1325: 518: 180:", published in 1588 his 35:, which are enjoyed both 1846:Richardson P.J S. 1948. 1833:Silvester, Victor 1993. 1815:Silvester, Victor 1980. 1200: 1024:The jive is part of the 930: 893: 871: 724: 679: 451:Blackpool Dance Festival 436:Blackpool Dance Festival 65:The International School 2321:(ca. 1490–1920) in the 1835:Modern Ballroom Dancing 1013: 955:Arcaño y sus Maravillas 878:Samba (Brazilian dance) 457:Elements of competition 312:Vernon and Irene Castle 289:Vernon and Irene Castle 253:Invitation to the Dance 219:and danced by the King 112:Definitions and history 97:and Canada Dancesport ( 1699:Dance sport in Austria 1302:: 41 bars per minute, 1279:: 60 bars per minute, 1256:: 24 bars per minute, 1233:: 49 bars per minute, 1210:: 29 bars per minute, 1182:: 50 bars per minute, 1159:: 28 bars per minute, 1120:: 58 bars per minute, 1097:: 31 bars per minute, 1089:depending on locality 1066:: 28 bars per minute, 830:Bolero (Spanish dance) 671: 556:closed dance positions 511: 470: 420:Soviet Ballroom dances 368: 299: 125: 25: 2191:on September 10, 2015 2069:www.dancecentral.info 1372:: 30 bars per minute 1008:Shorty George Snowden 661: 509: 464: 438:, hosted annually at 434:Internationally, the 405:British Dance Council 363: 287: 124:, Italy, 15th century 119: 31:is a set of European 22: 16:Set of partner dances 3388:Political houseparty 3113:Dance and disability 2229:Nott, James (2015). 1081:time, also known as 248:Carl Maria von Weber 3961:Serpentine streamer 3747:Western dress codes 3445:Film awards seasons 3158:Dance on television 2327:Library of Congress 2044:on 26 February 2007 2001:USA Dance Nationals 1051:World Dance Council 979:Cha-cha-cha (dance) 612:that originated in 502:Collegiate ballroom 377:World Dance Council 350:Competitive dancing 217:Jean-Baptiste Lully 172:Early modern period 91:The American School 69:World Dance Council 3981:Society portal 3941:New Year's glasses 3452:Religious festival 3373:Housewarming party 3275:Bachelorette party 1937:2010-06-26 at the 1919:2007-03-11 at the 1730:Franks A.H. 1963. 1456:Nightclub Two-step 963:Dámaso Pérez Prado 672: 668:World Championship 654:Competitive dances 571:nightclub two step 512: 471: 369: 300: 280:Early 20th century 126: 26: 4042:Competitive dance 4009: 4008: 3899:Balloon modelling 3882: 3881: 3782:Black lounge suit 3734: 3733: 3577: 3576: 3290:Wedding reception 3201: 3200: 3153:Dance occupations 3090:Wallis and Futuna 1850:. London: Jenkins 1588:Samba de Gafieira 1547:African nightclub 1143:is recognized as 486:Medal evaluations 316:Josephine Bradley 166:historical dances 4049: 3999: 3998: 3989: 3988: 3979: 3978: 3743: 3742: 3721:Stop light party 3603:Children's party 3498:Harvest festival 3406: 3405: 3285:Engagement party 3257: 3256: 3228: 3221: 3214: 3205: 3204: 3188:History of dance 3173:Dance technology 3118:Dance and health 3068:African-American 2356: 2349: 2342: 2333: 2332: 2296: 2294: 2293: 2284:. Archived from 2246: 2215: 2214: 2208: 2200: 2198: 2196: 2190: 2184:. Archived from 2183: 2175: 2169: 2168: 2148: 2142: 2141: 2139: 2138: 2119: 2113: 2112: 2110: 2109: 2090: 2084: 2083: 2081: 2080: 2061: 2055: 2053: 2051: 2049: 2040:. Archived from 2034: 2028: 2027: 2025: 2023: 2018:on 13 April 2014 2008: 2002: 2000: 1998: 1997: 1982: 1976: 1974: 1972: 1971: 1956: 1950: 1947: 1941: 1929: 1923: 1911: 1905: 1904: 1902: 1901: 1882: 1876: 1875: 1873: 1872: 1857: 1851: 1844: 1838: 1831: 1820: 1813: 1807: 1806: 1804: 1802: 1796: 1785: 1777: 1771: 1770: 1768: 1766: 1760: 1749: 1741: 1735: 1728: 1704:Australian Dance 1575:Brazilian Dances 1480:East Coast Swing 1476:West Coast Swing 1385:East Coast Swing 1316: 1315: 1314: 1313: 1293: 1292: 1291: 1290: 1270: 1269: 1268: 1267: 1247: 1246: 1245: 1244: 1224: 1223: 1222: 1221: 1196: 1195: 1194: 1193: 1173: 1172: 1171: 1170: 1134: 1133: 1132: 1131: 1111: 1110: 1109: 1108: 1080: 1079: 1078: 1077: 998:East Coast Swing 992:East Coast Swing 949:and his brother 842:Sebastián Cerezo 567:West Coast swing 533:Sequence dancing 424:Soviet Programme 320:Victor Silvester 297: 294: 4057: 4056: 4052: 4051: 4050: 4048: 4047: 4046: 4012: 4011: 4010: 4005: 3973: 3965: 3931:Groucho glasses 3878: 3807: 3730: 3679:Hurricane party 3625:Masqerade party 3573: 3545: 3512: 3397: 3349: 3304: 3248: 3241: 3232: 3202: 3197: 3133:Dance etiquette 3099: 2858:Burma (Myanmar) 2798: 2794: 2786: 2735:Lead and follow 2696: 2632:Country–western 2571: 2552:Novelty and fad 2510:Hoochie coochie 2461: 2420:closed position 2393: 2389:List of dancers 2365: 2360: 2314: 2299: 2291: 2289: 2280: 2243: 2224: 2222:Further reading 2219: 2218: 2202: 2201: 2194: 2192: 2188: 2181: 2179:"Archived copy" 2177: 2176: 2172: 2165: 2149: 2145: 2136: 2134: 2121: 2120: 2116: 2107: 2105: 2092: 2091: 2087: 2078: 2076: 2063: 2062: 2058: 2047: 2045: 2036: 2035: 2031: 2021: 2019: 2010: 2009: 2005: 1995: 1993: 1984: 1983: 1979: 1969: 1967: 1958: 1957: 1953: 1948: 1944: 1939:Wayback Machine 1930: 1926: 1921:Wayback Machine 1912: 1908: 1899: 1897: 1884: 1883: 1879: 1870: 1868: 1859: 1858: 1854: 1845: 1841: 1832: 1823: 1814: 1810: 1800: 1798: 1794: 1783: 1779: 1778: 1774: 1764: 1762: 1758: 1747: 1743: 1742: 1738: 1729: 1722: 1717: 1694:Dance in Canada 1690: 1678:Argentine tango 1651:Cajun Jitterbug 1601:Country/Western 1511:Latin nightclub 1492:Collegiate Shag 1410: 1365: 1328: 1323: 1312: 1307: 1306: 1305: 1304: 1303: 1289: 1284: 1283: 1282: 1281: 1280: 1266: 1261: 1260: 1259: 1258: 1257: 1243: 1238: 1237: 1236: 1235: 1234: 1220: 1215: 1214: 1213: 1212: 1211: 1203: 1192: 1187: 1186: 1185: 1184: 1183: 1169: 1164: 1163: 1162: 1161: 1160: 1130: 1125: 1124: 1123: 1122: 1121: 1107: 1102: 1101: 1100: 1099: 1098: 1076: 1071: 1070: 1069: 1068: 1067: 1059: 1047: 1042: 1022: 1016: 1000: 994: 981: 975: 939: 933: 927: 902: 896: 880: 874: 860: 854: 832: 826: 812: 806: 801: 789: 783: 762: 756: 737:Argentine tango 733: 727: 707: 701: 688: 682: 677: 675:Standard/Smooth 656: 594:Argentine tango 552:American Rhythm 548:American Smooth 521: 504: 494:(ISTD) and the 488: 459: 446:Formation dance 387:now recognizes 358: 352: 295: 282: 274:ronds de jambes 244: 188:, the livelier 174: 114: 17: 12: 11: 5: 4055: 4045: 4044: 4039: 4034: 4029: 4024: 4022:Ballroom dance 4007: 4006: 4004: 4003: 3993: 3983: 3970: 3967: 3966: 3964: 3963: 3958: 3953: 3948: 3943: 3938: 3933: 3928: 3923: 3918: 3913: 3908: 3903: 3902: 3901: 3890: 3888: 3884: 3883: 3880: 3879: 3877: 3876: 3869: 3868: 3867: 3862: 3860:Cocktail dress 3857: 3856: 3855: 3850: 3845: 3830: 3829: 3828: 3823: 3812: 3809: 3808: 3806: 3805: 3798: 3797: 3796: 3786: 3785: 3784: 3779: 3769: 3768: 3767: 3762: 3751: 3749: 3740: 3736: 3735: 3732: 3731: 3729: 3728: 3723: 3718: 3713: 3708: 3703: 3702: 3701: 3691: 3686: 3681: 3676: 3671: 3670: 3669: 3664: 3654: 3649: 3647:Crayfish party 3644: 3643: 3642: 3637: 3632: 3627: 3617: 3612: 3611: 3610: 3600: 3595: 3594: 3593: 3582: 3579: 3578: 3575: 3574: 3572: 3571: 3569:Tailgate party 3566: 3561: 3556: 3550: 3547: 3546: 3544: 3543: 3538: 3533: 3528: 3522: 3520: 3514: 3513: 3511: 3510: 3505: 3500: 3495: 3494: 3493: 3488: 3478: 3477: 3476: 3475: 3474: 3464: 3459: 3449: 3448: 3447: 3437: 3436: 3435: 3433:New Year's Eve 3430: 3428:Mischief Night 3425: 3414: 3412: 3403: 3402:Public parties 3399: 3398: 3396: 3395: 3390: 3385: 3380: 3375: 3370: 3368:Cocktail party 3365: 3363:Family reunion 3359: 3357: 3351: 3350: 3348: 3347: 3342: 3341: 3340: 3335: 3333:Debutante ball 3325: 3320: 3314: 3312: 3306: 3305: 3303: 3302: 3297: 3292: 3287: 3282: 3277: 3272: 3270:Bachelor party 3266: 3264: 3254: 3250: 3249: 3246: 3243: 3242: 3231: 3230: 3223: 3216: 3208: 3199: 3198: 3196: 3195: 3193:Women in dance 3190: 3185: 3180: 3175: 3170: 3165: 3163:Dance research 3160: 3155: 3150: 3145: 3140: 3138:Dance notation 3135: 3130: 3125: 3120: 3115: 3109: 3107: 3101: 3100: 3098: 3097: 3092: 3087: 3082: 3077: 3072: 3071: 3070: 3060: 3055: 3050: 3045: 3040: 3035: 3030: 3025: 3020: 3015: 3010: 3005: 3000: 2995: 2990: 2985: 2980: 2975: 2970: 2965: 2960: 2955: 2950: 2945: 2940: 2935: 2930: 2925: 2920: 2915: 2910: 2905: 2900: 2895: 2890: 2885: 2880: 2875: 2870: 2865: 2860: 2855: 2850: 2845: 2840: 2835: 2830: 2825: 2820: 2815: 2810: 2804: 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1713: 1712: 1711: 1706: 1701: 1696: 1689: 1686: 1685: 1684: 1675: 1669: 1668: 1662: 1659:Musette dances 1654: 1653: 1639:Cajun Two Step 1631:Cajun One Step 1628: 1622: 1621: 1604: 1596: 1595: 1594:- Zouk-Lambada 1577: 1571: 1570: 1549: 1543: 1542: 1513: 1507: 1506: 1453: 1444: 1443: 1409: 1406: 1364: 1361: 1356:Viennese Waltz 1327: 1324: 1322: 1319: 1308: 1285: 1262: 1239: 1216: 1202: 1199: 1188: 1165: 1126: 1117:Viennese Waltz 1103: 1072: 1058: 1055: 1046: 1043: 1041: 1038: 1018:Main article: 1015: 1012: 996:Main article: 993: 990: 985:Enrique Jorrín 977:Main article: 974: 971: 935:Main article: 932: 929: 898:Main article: 895: 892: 888:Carmen Miranda 876:Main article: 873: 870: 856:Main article: 853: 850: 828:Main article: 825: 824:Spanish bolero 822: 808:Main article: 805: 802: 800: 797: 785:Main article: 782: 779: 758:Main article: 755: 752: 744:Ballroom tango 729:Main article: 726: 723: 719:Johann Strauss 705:Viennese Waltz 703:Main article: 700: 699:Viennese Waltz 697: 684:Main article: 681: 678: 676: 673: 655: 652: 544:American Style 520: 517: 503: 500: 487: 484: 476:Skating system 458: 455: 354:Main article: 351: 348: 281: 278: 243: 240: 232:five positions 182:Orchésographie 178:Thoinot-Arbeau 173: 170: 138:social dancing 113: 110: 55:Ballroom dance 33:partner dances 29:Ballroom dance 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4054: 4043: 4040: 4038: 4035: 4033: 4030: 4028: 4027:Partner dance 4025: 4023: 4020: 4019: 4017: 4002: 3994: 3992: 3984: 3982: 3977: 3972: 3971: 3968: 3962: 3959: 3957: 3954: 3952: 3949: 3947: 3944: 3942: 3939: 3937: 3934: 3932: 3929: 3927: 3924: 3922: 3919: 3917: 3914: 3912: 3909: 3907: 3904: 3900: 3897: 3896: 3895: 3892: 3891: 3889: 3885: 3875: 3874: 3870: 3866: 3863: 3861: 3858: 3854: 3851: 3849: 3846: 3844: 3841: 3840: 3839: 3836: 3835: 3834: 3831: 3827: 3824: 3822: 3819: 3818: 3817: 3816:Wedding dress 3814: 3813: 3810: 3804: 3803: 3799: 3795: 3792: 3791: 3790: 3787: 3783: 3780: 3778: 3775: 3774: 3773: 3770: 3766: 3765:Morning dress 3763: 3761: 3758: 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Retrieved 1751: 1739: 1731: 1672: 1657: 1626:Cajun dances 1625: 1615:C/W Two-step 1599: 1574: 1546: 1510: 1450: 1445: 1411: 1399: 1398: 1391: 1390: 1383: 1382: 1375: 1374: 1367: 1366: 1354: 1353: 1346: 1345: 1338: 1337: 1330: 1329: 1309: 1297: 1296: 1286: 1274: 1273: 1263: 1251: 1250: 1240: 1228: 1227: 1217: 1205: 1204: 1189: 1177: 1176: 1166: 1154: 1153: 1148: 1144: 1139:, while the 1136: 1127: 1115: 1114: 1104: 1092: 1091: 1086: 1082: 1073: 1061: 1060: 1048: 1023: 1020:Jive (dance) 1001: 982: 940: 926: 903: 881: 863: 861: 852:Cuban bolero 835: 833: 813: 799:Latin/Rhythm 790: 763: 742: 734: 708: 689: 641: 618: 610:cajun dances 591: 560: 551: 547: 543: 541: 528: 524: 522: 513: 489: 480: 472: 444: 433: 423: 417: 401: 370: 335:Fred Astaire 332: 309: 301: 273: 269: 251: 245: 242:19th century 225: 206: 181: 175: 142:folk dancing 133: 129: 127: 120:Galliard in 106: 103: 90: 89: 64: 63: 54: 53: 28: 27: 3772:Semi-formal 3711:Quiet party 3706:Pizza party 3684:Kitty party 3657:Dance party 3640:Naked party 3608:Baby shower 3586:Anniversary 3559:Block party 3536:County fair 3318:Eid cuisine 3300:Eid al-Fitr 3295:Eid al-Adha 3008:Philippines 2993:Netherlands 2983:Middle East 2535:Table dance 2500:Go go dance 2480:Competitive 2195:October 26, 2048:20 February 1647:Cajun Waltz 1611:C/W Cha-cha 1464:Modern Jive 1425:Schottische 1207:Cha-cha-cha 1026:swing dance 922:Cuban rumba 910:prohibition 389:competitive 365:Cha-cha-cha 296: 1910 266:Schottische 202:Shakespeare 186:basse danse 45:performance 4037:Dancesport 4016:Categories 3951:Party horn 3926:Glow stick 3674:Foam party 3667:Homecoming 3635:Toga party 3630:Drag party 3541:Trade fair 3531:State fair 3508:Heortology 3393:Rent party 3075:Uzbekistan 2843:Azerbaijan 2752:Musicality 2720:Connection 2677:Postmodern 2647:Historical 2530:Striptease 2525:Pole dance 2475:Ceremonial 2430:slow dance 2292:2013-08-06 2261:1447416767 2137:2017-05-05 2108:2017-05-05 2079:2017-05-05 1996:2017-03-23 1970:2007-03-20 1900:2008-05-29 1871:2008-05-29 1801:5 December 1765:5 December 1715:References 1276:Paso Doble 1149:Slow Waltz 1083:Slow Waltz 959:son cubano 914:son cubano 837:seguidilla 793:Charleston 768:performer 766:vaudeville 633:tail coats 589:movement. 373:dancesport 356:Dancesport 344:Hermes Pan 270:entrechats 264:, and the 236:turned out 196:, and the 75:) and the 59:Dancesport 3946:Party bus 3936:Party hat 3887:Equipment 3848:Debutante 3843:Ball gown 3777:Black tie 3760:White tie 3726:Tea party 3457:Christmas 3410:Festivals 3383:LAN party 3378:Sleepover 3345:Symposium 3338:Hunt ball 3239:festivals 3080:Venezuela 3043:Sri Lanka 3038:Singapore 2998:Nicaragua 2928:Indonesia 2833:Australia 2702:Technique 2600:formation 2515:Lap dance 1682:New Vogue 1635:Cajun Jig 1619:C/W Waltz 1607:C/W Polka 1560:Coladeira 1484:Lindy Hop 1451:Nightclub 1179:Quickstep 1030:jitterbug 1006:named by 1004:Lindy Hop 810:Pasodoble 804:Pasodoble 787:Quickstep 781:Quickstep 770:Harry Fox 648:pasodoble 625:white tie 602:Lindy Hop 563:Lindy Hop 537:New Vogue 440:Blackpool 428:New Vogue 413:USA Dance 221:Louis XIV 198:galliarde 154:Polonaise 150:Quadrille 95:USA Dance 4001:Category 3906:Confetti 3789:Informal 3739:Clothing 3699:Marching 3598:Ceremony 3462:Carnival 3418:Holidays 3310:Banquets 3263:-related 3095:Zimbabwe 3048:Thailand 2973:Malaysia 2958:Kiribati 2868:Cameroon 2863:Cambodia 2853:Bulgaria 2828:Assyrian 2797:national 2792:Regional 2772:Spotting 2767:Sequence 2745:glossary 2692:Two-step 2637:Flamenco 2622:Breaking 2617:Boogaloo 2595:Ballroom 2540:Twerking 2505:Grinding 2490:Ecstatic 2252:,(1938) 2205:cite web 2131:Archived 2102:Archived 2073:Archived 1990:Archived 1964:Archived 1935:Archived 1917:Archived 1894:Archived 1865:Archived 1792:Archived 1756:Archived 1688:See also 1528:Merengue 1433:One-Step 1057:Standard 1034:big band 967:big band 748:staccato 711:Provence 614:Acadiana 606:discofox 583:merengue 525:Standard 37:socially 3894:Balloon 3865:Garters 3591:Jubilee 3261:Wedding 3235:Parties 3105:Related 3085:Vietnam 3058:Ukraine 2968:Kurdish 2938:Ireland 2918:Hungary 2908:Georgia 2893:Denmark 2883:Croatia 2848:Belarus 2838:Austria 2823:Armenia 2813:Albania 2777:Turnout 2662:Lyrical 2642:Hip-hop 2485:Concert 2410:Partner 2379:Outline 2325:of the 2235:. OUP. 2022:9 April 1592:Lambada 1552:Kizomba 1540:Bachata 1536:Cha cha 1441:Peabody 1437:Foxtrot 1369:Cha Cha 1348:Foxtrot 1156:Foxtrot 973:Cha Cha 906:cabaret 817:matador 774:ragtime 760:Foxtrot 754:Foxtrot 692:Bavaria 637:tuxedos 629:bow tie 262:mazurka 162:Mazurka 134:ballare 24:dress). 3873:Casual 3802:Casual 3755:Formal 3716:Ritual 3694:Parade 3554:Picnic 3467:Feasts 3053:Turkey 3033:Serbia 3028:Russia 3023:Romani 3013:Poland 2978:Mexico 2943:Israel 2913:Greece 2898:Europe 2873:Canada 2808:Africa 2799:dances 2757:Pointe 2730:Graham 2710:Ballet 2667:Modern 2590:Ballet 2577:Styles 2562:Street 2557:Sacred 2495:Erotic 2467:Social 2455:square 2440:contra 2435:circle 2267: 2259: 2239: 2161: 1643:Zydeco 1584:Pagode 1564:Funana 1520:Cumbia 1504:Fusion 1496:Balboa 1460:Hustle 1408:Others 1393:Bolero 1363:Rhythm 1326:Smooth 951:Cachao 943:danzón 918:bolero 884:Brazil 858:Bolero 846:bolero 581:, and 575:hustle 519:Dances 381:pro-am 250:wrote 213:Poitou 209:Minuet 200:which 194:pavane 190:branle 146:Minuet 3991:Media 3921:Float 3833:Dress 3518:Fairs 3472:Fools 3253:Types 2988:Nepal 2963:Korea 2953:Japan 2948:Italy 2923:India 2878:China 2782:Turns 2740:Moves 2682:Swing 2672:Polka 2657:Latin 2612:Belly 2605:waltz 2450:round 2374:Index 2363:Dance 2189:(PDF) 2182:(PDF) 1795:(PDF) 1784:(PDF) 1759:(PDF) 1748:(PDF) 1673:Other 1580:Forró 1556:Semba 1532:Porro 1524:Mambo 1516:Salsa 1500:Blues 1472:Ceroc 1468:LeRoc 1429:Tango 1421:Polka 1417:Waltz 1401:Mambo 1377:Rumba 1340:Tango 1332:Waltz 1317:time 1294:time 1271:time 1253:Rumba 1248:time 1230:Samba 1225:time 1201:Latin 1197:time 1174:time 1141:waltz 1137:waltz 1112:time 1094:Tango 1063:Waltz 953:, of 931:Mambo 900:Rumba 894:Rumba 872:Samba 865:trova 731:Tango 725:Tango 715:Josef 680:Waltz 670:2009. 664:tango 644:samba 598:mambo 579:salsa 529:Latin 422:, or 258:polka 158:Polka 122:Siena 85:Latin 3794:Suit 3662:Prom 3491:Wine 3486:Beer 3328:Ball 3237:and 3003:Peru 2933:Iran 2888:Cuba 2818:Arab 2762:Pole 2652:Jazz 2585:Acro 2547:Folk 2445:line 2405:Solo 2265:ISBN 2257:ISBN 2237:ISBN 2211:link 2197:2015 2159:ISBN 2050:2007 2024:2014 1975:USDC 1914:USDC 1803:2019 1767:2019 1665:Java 1568:Zouk 1299:Jive 1014:Jive 916:and 717:and 646:and 631:and 550:and 527:and 337:and 318:and 305:jazz 272:and 130:ball 81:WDSF 47:and 39:and 2687:Tap 2567:War 1633:or 1147:or 1085:or 467:MIT 298:–18 99:CDS 73:WDC 4018:: 2263:, 2207:}} 2203:{{ 2129:. 2125:. 2100:. 2096:. 2071:. 2067:. 1988:. 1962:. 1888:. 1824:^ 1790:. 1786:. 1754:. 1750:. 1723:^ 1680:– 1649:– 1645:– 1641:– 1637:– 1617:– 1613:– 1609:– 1590:– 1586:– 1582:– 1566:- 1562:- 1558:– 1554:– 1538:– 1534:– 1530:– 1526:– 1522:– 1518:– 1502:– 1498:/ 1494:/ 1490:/ 1482:/ 1478:/ 1470:/ 1466:/ 1462:– 1458:– 1439:– 1435:– 1431:– 1427:– 1423:– 1419:– 1151:. 1053:. 600:, 596:, 577:, 573:, 569:, 565:, 399:. 293:c. 260:, 192:, 168:. 160:, 156:, 152:, 148:, 3227:e 3220:t 3213:v 2801:) 2795:( 2355:e 2348:t 2341:v 2295:. 2245:. 2213:) 2199:. 2167:. 2140:. 2111:. 2082:. 2054:. 2052:. 2026:. 1999:. 1973:. 1903:. 1874:. 1805:. 1769:. 1310:4 1287:4 1264:4 1241:4 1218:4 1190:4 1167:4 1128:4 1105:4 1074:4 546:( 79:( 71:(

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