2505:
772:
1086:
1416:
2383:
81:
2360:
1278:
3743:
489:
97:
2372:
1523:
4446:
1400:
1509:
504:
811:
1190:
1112:
829:
779:
847:
795:
475:
1164:
104:
1138:
1041:, attribute the present-day knowledge about the "confederation" and its organization more to a reflection by Spanish chroniclers who predominantly wrote about it a century or more after the Muisca were conquered. He proposed the idea of a loose collection of different people with slightly different languages and backgrounds rather than a strictly hierarchical organisation like the
1257:
Saguamanchica was succeeded by
Nemequene, who according to the biographies about him held a brutal reign over his people. One of his accomplishments was the installation of the Nemequene Code, a code of conduct with severe punishments for those who didn't comply with the laws he drafted. Possibly the
1262:
of
Muyquytá until the moment the first Europeans appeared in the Muisca Confederation, in March 1537. The light-skinned strangers came from the north after a strenuous expedition of almost a year where they lost more than 80 percent of their soldiers. The Spanish conquistadors brought horses, an
2140:
Los muiscas, grupos indígenas del Nuevo Reino de
Granada. Una nueva propuesta sobre su organizacíon socio-política y su evolucíon en el siglo XVI – The Muisca, indigenous groups of the New Kingdom of Granada. A new proposal on their social-political organization and their evolution in the 16th
639:
The time after 800 is called Muisca, in the indigenous language
Muysccubun meaning "people" or "person"; the language did not have separate singular and plural designated words. During the phase of the Muisca, technological advancement of earlier established agricultural techniques, precise
1233:
was
Meicuchuca, who reigned from Muyquytá between approximately 1450 and 1470. Much of his life is mythological, with the legend of the snake as main story. His reign was followed by his nephew, Saguamanchica. At the start of his government, Saguamanchica submitted the neighbouring
1352:. When Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada left the New Kingdom of Granada with two other conquistadors in northern South America, who had reached the Bogotá savanna in early 1539, in May 1539, he left the rule of Bogotá and the colony in the hands of his younger brother,
760:. The present course of the Bogotá River is just east and south of Bacatá, a main settlement in the centre of the savanna. Analysis of the top soils surrounding the Bogotá River in proximity to Bacatá revealed several raised terrains used for agriculture.
1263:
unknown animal for the Muisca and especially the horse riders were feared by the people who thought the rider and the horse were one entity. Also the hunting dogs the
Spanish conquerors brought on their journey created fear in the hearts of the people.
1309:. His body was discovered much later. At the turn of the rule of Muyquytá, the government was taken over by Sagipa, Tisquesusa's brother. This succession was against the norm of the Muisca, where the eldest son of the sister of the previous
1304:
Tisquesusa was stabbed by one of the soldiers of the
Spanish troops and fled towards the western hills bordering the Bogotá savanna. As the prophecy had predicted, he died alone and bathing in his own blood in the hills of
1482:
2163:
Lo muisca: el diseño de una cartografía de centro. Chigys Mie: el mundo de los muiscas recreado por la condesa alemana
Gertrud von Podewils Dürniz in "Muiscas: representaciones, cartografías y etnopolíticas de la
2067:
El imperio muisca: invención de la historia y colonialidad del poder – The Muisca empire: invention of history and power colonialisation in "Muiscas: representaciones, cartografías y etnopolíticas de la
511:
The high plateau in the
Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes, the Altiplano Cundiboyacense, is an area with an average elevation of 2,600 metres (8,500 ft) above sea level, populated since the
1375:
and the couple got four children; María, Fernán, Isabel and Alonso
Venegas. In a twist of fate, the latter, grandson of Sagipa; Alonso as descendant of Muyquytá, killed Spanish conquistador and
1348:. Sagipa, dethroned as ruler of Muyquytá, received continuous threats from the Spanish after the victory, to hand over the valuable treasures of the Muisca; golden objects, cotton mantles and
676:, gave the people the name "The Salt People". The high-quality salt was used as trade commodity with other indigenous groups, for the conservation of fish and meat and as spice in their
1225:
was the name of the leader of the southern part of the Muisca Confederation, mainly the Bogotá savanna and adjacent areas. As the Muisca lacked a written script, only the most recent
3139:
2707:
1313:
would become the new ruler. The Spanish used this anomaly to set the Muisca up against Sagipa, also known as Zaquesazipa, and pressured him to pay tributes to the treasurers of the
3106:
574:, human settlement shifted from caves and rock shelters to open area sites where primitive circular living spaces were constructed using bones and skin of the then still abundant
1344:
and his troops, terminated the period of Muyquytá as "capital" of the southern Muisca. The city was founded in the present-day centre of the Colombian city as capital of the
1337:. together with "between 50 and not more than 100" Spanish soldiers defeated the Panche who posed powerful resistance thanks to their knowledge of the rugged terrain.
723:, a ritual was organised where he covered himself with gold dust and jumped into the ice cold waters of the lake from a raft. This ritual is represented in the famous
3163:
613:
3236:
3229:
701:
as most abundant artefacts. These votive figures were used in the religious rituals of the people around the main sacred sites on the Altiplano. The many lakes,
439:, meaning "outside", "enclosure" and "farmfield(s)" respectively. The name is translated as "(enclosure) outside the farmfields", or "limit of the farmfields".
1015:
1293:
was informed of the advancing Spanish strangers, he fled his main seat in Muyquytá. The Spanish found the place abandoned and promptly founded the village of
4470:
2203:
4343:
461:
4390:
3222:
587:
1018:, have revised the idea of tributes and attribute the term to a translation error of the Spanish writers. The Muysccubun verb "to give, to present" was
3652:
4061:
2724:
2110:
Historia del proceso de mestizaje alimentario entre Colombia y España – History of the integration process of foods between Colombia and Spain (PhD)
771:
479:
2874:
864:
559:
2247:"Cuando los muiscas diversificaron la agricultura y crearon el intercambio – When the Muisca diversified the agriculture and created the exchange"
4365:
1272:
924:
620:, that was introduced to the people by migrants probably from Peru and Central America. The earliest evidences of agriculture have been found in
291:. It mostly refers to an area, rather than an individual village, although the name is also found in texts referring to the modern settlement of
4093:
3096:
1438:
705:
and rivers, remainders of Lake Humboldt, on the Bogotá savanna were cherished as products of their gods. An important lake for the Muisca was
3523:
3491:
1859:
1258:
salt mining village of Nemocón was named after Nemequene, who died around the year 1514 and was succeeded by Tisquesusa. The latter was the
3077:
2084:"Evidencias culturales durante el Pleistocene y Holoceno de Colombia – Cultural evidences during the Pleistocene and Holocene of Colombia"
1356:. Hernán, with the assistance of his fellow conquistadors tortured Sagipa by burning his feet to have him give up his valuables. The last
2327:
1976:
130:
1528:
4118:
4323:
1889:
3180:
2769:
19:
This article is about the pre-Columbian main settlement of the zipa. For the modern capital of Colombia, named after Bacatá, see
4168:
935:
3212:
2674:
2302:
2175:
Herrera Ángel, Marta (2006), "Transición entre el ordenamiento territorial prehispánico y el colonial en la Nueva Granada",
1720:
4490:
1940:
3833:
528:
3431:
531:
2349:
541:
in the northern part of the fertile Bogotá savanna. During the occupation phases of these sites, the area experienced a
478:
When the first humans arrived in the area of Bacatá, the retreating lake shores were populated by the extinct New World
4375:
4357:
2246:
2199:"A new species of high mountain Andean fig wasp (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae) with a detailed description of its life cycle"
1911:
1371:
marriages in the New Kingdom of Granada; Sagipa's daughter, described as Magdalena de Guatavita, married conquistador
4480:
4400:
4021:
3960:
2367:
347:
4485:
96:
80:
4271:
3035:
4380:
4370:
4088:
3314:
2314:
2167:
2071:
1958:
870:
The location of the capital of the New Kingdom of Granada Santafé de Bogotá is different from indigenous Muyquytá
4251:
3948:
1987:
892:
412:
251:
2513:
2123:"Muchas hipas, no minas" The Muiscas, a merchant society: Spanish misconceptions and demographic change (M.A.)
512:
4286:
4475:
4276:
4026:
3975:
2484:
2042:
1341:
351:
4413:
3980:
3819:
1353:
1340:
The official foundation of Santafe de Bogotá, a new city in near the Eastern Ranges, on August 6, 1538, by
4083:
2762:
2489:
2469:
1954:
2357:
1376:
4423:
3990:
2414:
2023:
1907:
734:
The flatlands of the Bogotá savanna were dotted with several small settlements consisting of 10 to 100
4078:
4041:
4016:
3148:
2702:
1493:
1372:
594:, in the south of the Bogotá savanna, remained populated or used for temporary settlement during this
4418:
4281:
492:
The almost circular Lake Guatavita was one of the most sacred sites of the Muisca. In this lake, the
2504:
4385:
3020:
2359:
2113:
2051:
888:
609:
408:
246:
4221:
4216:
3995:
3751:
3091:
2622:
2479:
2258:
1551:
306:
3634:
3440:
3358:
2891:
2881:
2576:
2278:
n. gen., tipo de una nueva familia de Xenungulata (Mammalia) del Paleoceno Medio (?) de Colombia"
2044:
Subsistence economy and chiefdom emergence in the Muisca area. A study of the Valle de Tena (PhD)
1856:
1784:
1536:
1085:
709:, a circular lake at an altitude of 3,000 metres (9,800 ft) to the northeast of present-day
673:
177:
172:
4031:
4000:
2342:
1379:
895:. The area of roughly 25,000 square kilometres (9,700 sq mi) was subdivided into main
4246:
4211:
2755:
2546:
2079:
1470:
1345:
355:
4408:
4266:
4206:
4098:
3478:
2148:
1799:
1724:
728:
4256:
4241:
3448:
2371:
2242:
2126:
1487:
1011:
4046:
3453:
3084:
2912:
2692:
2679:
2531:
2273:
1546:
1251:
702:
4231:
3742:
3566:
3302:
2844:
2712:
2551:
2134:
1841:
1038:
876:
567:
305:, is derived from Bacatá, but founded as Santafe de Bogotá in the western foothills of the
284:
4191:
2729:
2697:
1814:
1541:
8:
4301:
4201:
4196:
3045:
2814:
2652:
1289:
in the southern Muisca Confederation; he would "die, bathing in his own blood". When the
991:
736:
624:, to the west of Bacatá, and date back to 2800 years BP. Dating to around the same time,
301:, the ruler of the Bogotá savanna and adjacent areas. The name of the Colombian capital,
2409:
2382:
2223:
1463:
382:
4133:
3985:
3463:
2927:
2809:
2591:
1925:
1886:
1349:
1326:
752:, who according to their mythology prevented the main river of the Bogotá savanna, the
685:
617:
335:
4236:
2964:
2736:
2434:
2335:
1277:
3903:
3875:
3458:
3391:
3197:
3124:
653:
595:
575:
4176:
4073:
4036:
3376:
3072:
2669:
2198:
745:
664:, that was extracted using large pots heated over fires from brines mined mainly in
288:
241:
4261:
3842:
3544:
3530:
2859:
2854:
2824:
2184:
1317:. The new rulers of the Bogotá savanna used the eternal enemies of the Muisca, the
757:
692:
649:
641:
602:
516:
400:
339:
268:
54:
3468:
3055:
2083:
1444:
Hotel Bacatá, former hotel in the business centre of Bogotá, replaced by BD Bacatá
999:
4449:
4186:
3672:
2907:
2869:
2864:
2829:
1893:
1863:
1688:
1514:
1322:
1239:
645:
3486:
3101:
3030:
2642:
2464:
2449:
2429:
1361:
1281:
Muyquytá was conquered by the troops of Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada in April 1537
975:
753:
660:
on the Altiplano. Main sources of their economy were agriculture and especially
625:
310:
4181:
4051:
3921:
3893:
3883:
3855:
3850:
3498:
3278:
3065:
2886:
2839:
2834:
2662:
2627:
2454:
2189:
1962:
1431:
On the site of the demolished Hotel Bacatá, skyscraper BD Bacatá has been built
1330:
1314:
1235:
706:
677:
657:
629:
563:
populated the Bogotá savanna and served as prey for the first human occupants.
520:
343:
187:
4291:
2138:
4464:
4306:
4296:
4128:
4068:
3911:
3782:
3254:
2922:
2474:
1318:
1216:
1119:
553:
404:
197:
145:
132:
2601:
2536:
1306:
987:
3888:
3865:
3860:
3677:
3508:
3503:
3366:
3248:
3129:
3050:
2942:
2849:
2657:
1360:
of Muyquytá did not survive these torments and died in the Spanish camp at
1042:
633:
524:
488:
3587:
2972:
2571:
2541:
2285:
Comunicaciones Paleontológicas del Museo de Historia Natural de Montevideo
1447:
1415:
1399:
967:
665:
378:
24:
4226:
4123:
3916:
3592:
3582:
3513:
3416:
3060:
3040:
2932:
2647:
2459:
1993:
1941:
Periplo atlántico del cromosoma "Y" de Hernán Venegas Carrillo Manosalbas
1364:
in 1539, ending the rule of the indigenous Muisca on the Bogotá savanna.
1046:
724:
547:
309:
in a different location than the original settlement Bacatá, west of the
3811:
3662:
2987:
2444:
2439:
959:
951:
881:
The name Muisca Confederation has been given to the loose collection of
334:, and means "(enclosure) outside the farmfields", referring to the rich
4333:
4056:
3792:
3777:
3421:
3406:
3396:
3187:
2819:
2632:
2424:
1273:
Spanish conquest of the Muisca § April 1537 - conquest of Muyquytá
1242:. Approximately twenty years later, Saguamanchica went to war with the
1171:
1093:
606:
591:
363:
217:
3411:
2977:
2399:
1977:
Cinco edificios que llevan en su nombre la historia indígena de Bogotá
995:
963:
669:
621:
3787:
3597:
3560:
3518:
3401:
3243:
2404:
1145:
971:
899:, with as most important from northeast to southwest the terrains of
715:
710:
583:
493:
377:
The name Bacatá is maintained in the highest skyscraper of Colombia,
3667:
3371:
3175:
2606:
2566:
2561:
2521:
2363:
1325:, as bait to lure Sagipa into a battle allied with the Spanish, the
1247:
636:, ranging from 800 BCE to 800 AD, with regional variations in time.
542:
538:
503:
302:
20:
3706:
3701:
3693:
2954:
1632:
1475:
1459:
1321:
who inhabited the western slopes of the Eastern Ranges towards the
947:
914:
853:
571:
165:
1329:, fought on August 19 and 20, 1537. The between 12,000 and 20,000
955:
652:
evolved on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense. The Muisca were renowned
366:, who died after being stabbed by a Spanish soldier. His brother,
3728:
3720:
3386:
3170:
2494:
1368:
983:
904:
900:
883:
835:
749:
534:
2581:
1189:
1111:
1010:
are described as part of the Bacatá rule. Other researchers, as
295:, in the centre of the savanna. Bacatá was the main seat of the
3797:
3290:
3217:
2917:
2778:
2526:
1454:
1197:
1003:
979:
740:. The people constructed temples to honour their main deities;
661:
579:
387:
367:
222:
3381:
1572:
1163:
741:
474:
3688:
3647:
2982:
2948:
2937:
2596:
2586:
2556:
1606:
1589:
1481:
Bacatá appears as the name of the ruling class of the Muisca
1294:
1007:
919:
909:
817:
713:. This lake formed the basis for the -not so much- legend of
697:
292:
256:
2225:
The evolution of the Bogotá chiefdom: A household view (PhD)
1496:, a transliteration of Muequetá, Muyquytá, Bacatá or Bogothá
1367:
The bloodline of Muyquytáwas maintained in one of the first
1137:
3764:
2419:
2197:
Jansen González, Sergio; Sarmiento, Carlos Eduardo (2008),
1383:
1066:
681:
297:
211:
1229:
of the pre-Columbian period are known. The first reported
719:; the "city or man of gold". At the initiation of the new
656:
with their neighbouring indigenous groups and developed a
601:
The fertile soils of the Bogotá savanna, sediments of the
2747:
354:
on April 20, 1537. Santafe de Bogotá, the capital of the
74:
Etymology: literally "(enclosure) outside the farmfields"
2196:
1689:
Chronology of pre-Columbian periods: Herrera and Muisca
748:, the Moon. Another important deity for the Muisca was
515:. The first evidences of human settlement date to the
628:
has been uncovered, and the ceramic period was named
2303:"Epítome de la conquista del Nuevo Reino de Granada"
1790:
1504:
1999:
695:, producing a variety of golden figurines with the
358:, was formally founded on August 6, 1538. The last
342:on the Bogotá savanna. Bacatá was submitted to the
462:Epítome de la conquista del Nuevo Reino de Granada
283:) is the name given to the main settlement of the
1832:
1775:
1623:
454:, and the word is transliterated into Spanish as
4462:
1898:
1805:
1721:Simbolos de la nación – Balsa Muisca y El Dorado
2241:
2231:(PhD), University of Pittsburgh, pp. 1–271
2040:
1877:
1285:Tisquesusa received a prophecy from one of the
1266:
644:, a more developed social structure and a rich
316:The word is a combination of the Chibcha words
30:Main seat of the zipa in Cundinamarca, Colombia
2133:
2078:
2017:
1931:
1439:List of flora and fauna named after the Muisca
887:who governed several small settlements on the
2763:
2343:
2271:
2174:
2160:
1916:
938:describe a system of tributes or subordinate
868:Main settlements of the Muisca Confederation.
756:, from frequent overflowings by creating the
459:
449:
443:
434:
428:
422:
416:
329:
323:
317:
278:
272:
46:
40:
4471:Populated places of the Muisca Confederation
4157:
3959:
1967:
1868:
1847:
1730:
1702:
1563:
680:. Other products used for barter trade were
3623:
1820:
1757:
1670:
1597:
1580:
1297:on April 20, 1537, ending the reign of the
942:on the Bogotá savanna; dependencies of the
3347:
2770:
2756:
2350:
2336:
2008:
1945:
1766:
1748:
1739:
1679:
1661:
1652:
1640:
1614:
1238:to the south of the Bogotá savanna in the
381:, and in the important fossil find in the
3009:
2188:
1711:
1529:Indigenous peoples of the Americas portal
672:. This process, an exclusive task of the
313:, eventually named after Bacatá as well.
2221:
1981:
1693:
1276:
1052:
570:became more favourable during the early
502:
487:
473:
118:Location of Bacatá on the Bogotá savanna
2120:
763:
545:paleoclimate. Pleistocene megafauna as
4463:
2112:(PhD) (in Spanish), Barcelona, Spain:
2064:
4156:
3946:
3622:
3346:
3008:
2791:
2751:
2331:
2041:Argüello García, Pedro María (2015),
2014:Jansen González & Sarmiento, 2008
1462:fossil found in the Paleocene-Eocene
1389:
3947:
2107:
1450:, the highest skyscraper of Colombia
1250:and both leaders were killed in the
370:, succeeded him and served as last
13:
1466:to the south of the Bogotá savanna
1188:
1162:
1136:
1110:
1084:
507:Muisca fishermen in Funza (Bacatá)
14:
4502:
2161:Gómez Londoño, Ana María (2005),
691:The Muisca were known as skilled
403:, the language of the indigenous
4445:
4444:
4119:Conquest of the Chibchan Nations
3741:
2503:
2381:
2370:
2358:
2307:Boletín Cultural y Bibliográfico
2251:Boletín Cultural y Bibliográfico
2091:Revista de Arqueología Americana
1521:
1507:
1414:
1398:
1037:Modern anthropologists, such as
845:
827:
809:
793:
777:
770:
102:
95:
79:
23:. For skyscraper BD Bacatá, see
2274:"Características y afinadas de
2034:
1478:, endemic to the Bogotá savanna
1022:and the word for "to give" was
828:
612:as a result of the Pleistocene
415:. The word is a combination of
85:Map of the Muisca Confederation
4414:Archaeology Museum of Sogamoso
2272:Villarroel A., Carlos (1987),
2121:Francis, John Michael (1993),
1637:– Muysccubun Dictionary online
1611:– Muysccubun Dictionary online
1594:– Muysccubun Dictionary online
1577:– Muysccubun Dictionary online
1059:
846:
794:
778:
590:. Other rock shelters such as
103:
1:
4094:Pedro Fernández de Valenzuela
1557:
810:
642:archaeoastronomical knowledge
494:initiation ritual of the new
469:
362:of an independent Bacatá was
3820:Diego de Torres y Moyachoque
2222:Kruschek, Michael H (2003),
2108:Daza, Blanca Ysabel (2013),
1676:Argüello García, 2015, p. 56
1267:Conquest and colonial period
578:. Early open area sites are
394:
233:2,550 m (8,370 ft)
7:
4491:Muisca archaeological sites
4419:Archaeology Museum of Pasca
1874:Herrera Ángel, 2006, p. 128
1754:Gómez Londoño, 2005, p. 281
1745:Gómez Londoño, 2005, p. 285
1667:Correal Urrego, 1990, p. 10
1658:Correal Urrego, 1990, p. 77
1500:
1485:in the grand strategy game
946:of Bacatá. The villages of
566:When the climate after the
16:Area on the Bogotá Savannah
10:
4507:
4424:Metropolitan Museum of Art
4089:Ortún Velázquez de Velasco
4027:Bartolomé Camacho Zambrano
2913:Battle of Chocontá (~1490)
2792:
2777:
2190:10.7440/histcrit32.2006.05
1494:Bogotá and its derivatives
1436:
1342:Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada
1270:
1214:
874:
731:in the Colombian capital.
352:Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada
18:
4440:
4399:
4356:
4315:
4167:
4163:
4152:
4134:Battle of Tocarema (1538)
4111:
4084:Miguel Holguín y Figueroa
4009:
3968:
3955:
3942:
3902:
3874:
3841:
3832:
3806:
3762:
3750:
3739:
3715:
3686:
3645:
3633:
3629:
3618:
3575:
3552:
3543:
3477:
3439:
3430:
3357:
3353:
3342:
3264:
3196:
3147:
3138:
3117:
3108:Ubaté-Chiquinquirá Valley
3019:
3015:
3004:
2963:
2900:
2802:
2798:
2787:
2688:
2615:
2512:
2501:
2388:
2379:
2065:Correa, François (2005),
237:
229:
208:
203:
193:
183:
171:
161:
126:
90:
78:
73:
63:
35:
4481:Altiplano Cundiboyacense
4386:University of Pittsburgh
4381:Universidad La Javeriana
4376:Universidad de los Andes
4158:Research and collections
2168:Universidad La Javeriana
2114:Universitat de Barcelona
2072:Universidad La Javeriana
2052:University of Pittsburgh
2005:Villarroel, 1987, p. 241
1912:Universidad de los Andes
891:in the times before the
889:Altiplano Cundiboyacense
616:, proved favourable for
409:Altiplano Cundiboyacense
247:Altiplano Cundiboyacense
4486:Cundinamarca Department
4042:Hernán Venegas Carrillo
4017:Antonio Díaz de Cardoso
3624:Caciques and neighbours
2908:Battle of Pasca (~1470)
2725:Conquest and foundation
1800:Biografía Saguamanchica
1537:List of Muisca toponyms
1373:Hernán Venegas Carrillo
1354:Hernán Pérez de Quesada
744:(the Sun) and his wife
727:, main artefact in the
450:
444:
435:
429:
423:
417:
330:
324:
318:
279:
273:
47:
41:
4129:Conquest of the Panche
4112:Neighbouring conquests
3348:Religion and mythology
2245:, Carl Henrik (1985),
1887:La Batalla de Tocarema
1857:Official website Funza
1471:Pegoscapus bacataensis
1346:New Kingdom of Granada
1282:
1254:, fought around 1490.
1193:
1167:
1141:
1115:
1089:
508:
500:
485:
460:
356:New Kingdom of Granada
3991:Gonzalo Suárez Rendón
3010:Geography and history
2730:Post-colonial history
2315:Banco de la República
2259:Banco de la República
2127:University of Alberta
2026:Europa Universalis IV
1963:Soledad Acosta Samper
1959:Banco de la República
1928:– Pueblos Originarios
1844:– Pueblos Originarios
1817:– Pueblos Originarios
1802:– Pueblos Originarios
1787:– Pueblos Originarios
1736:Kruschek, 2003, p. 58
1708:Langebaek, 1985, p. 5
1552:Eastern Hills, Bogotá
1488:Europa Universalis IV
1377:encomendero of Bogotá
1280:
1192:
1166:
1140:
1114:
1088:
1012:Carl Henrik Langebaek
554:Haplomastodon waringi
506:
491:
477:
442:Modern spellings are
4371:Universidad Nacional
4124:Conquest of the Muzo
4032:Gonzalo García Zorro
3576:Mythological figures
3567:Monster of Lake Tota
3303:Muisca Confederation
1955:Gonzalo García Zorro
1842:Biografía Tisquesusa
1785:Biografía Meicuchuca
1772:Gamboa Mendoza, 2016
1763:Francis, 1993, p. 55
1620:Correa, 2005, p. 213
1380:Gonzalo García Zorro
1039:Jorge Gamboa Mendoza
1016:John Michael Francis
877:Muisca Confederation
865:class=notpageimage|
764:Muisca Confederation
568:Last Glacial Maximum
407:, who inhabited the
374:under Spanish rule.
285:Muisca Confederation
146:4.71639°N 74.21222°W
4358:Research institutes
4099:Pedro Ruíz Corredor
1815:Biografía Nemequene
658:subsistence economy
523:. The oldest dated
399:The word Bacatá is
142: /
4079:Martín Yañéz Tafur
4047:Juan de Albarracín
4022:Antonio de Lebrija
4001:Juan de San Martín
3986:Baltasar Maldonado
3976:Gonzalo de Quesada
3464:Goranchacha Temple
3118:Neighbouring areas
2485:Rafael Uribe Uribe
2170:, pp. 248–291
2082:, Gonzalo (1990),
2074:, pp. 201–226
1908:Battle of Tocarema
1892:2017-02-03 at the
1862:2015-12-21 at the
1547:Timeline of Bogotá
1390:Named after Bacatá
1327:Battle of Tocarema
1283:
1252:Battle of Chocontá
1194:
1168:
1142:
1116:
1090:
548:Cuvieronius hyodon
517:Latest Pleistocene
509:
501:
486:
336:agricultural lands
255:
151:4.71639; -74.21222
4476:History of Bogotá
4458:
4457:
4436:
4435:
4432:
4431:
4282:Reichel-Dolmatoff
4148:
4147:
4144:
4143:
4107:
4106:
3981:Hernán de Quesada
3938:
3937:
3934:
3933:
3930:
3929:
3828:
3827:
3737:
3736:
3614:
3613:
3610:
3609:
3606:
3605:
3539:
3538:
3459:Cojines del Zaque
3338:
3337:
3334:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3213:Piedras del Tunjo
3097:Flora & fauna
3000:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2745:
2744:
2708:First inhabitants
2514:Metropolitan Area
1989:Etayoa bacatensis
1699:Daza, 2013, p. 26
1542:History of Bogotá
1455:Etayoa bacatensis
1213:
1212:
605:, deposited in a
596:preceramic period
576:white-tailed deer
513:prehistorical era
388:Etayoa bacatensis
262:
261:
65:Main seat of the
4498:
4448:
4447:
4349:
4339:
4329:
4165:
4164:
4154:
4153:
4064:
3996:Juan de Céspedes
3966:
3965:
3957:
3956:
3949:Spanish conquest
3944:
3943:
3904:Cariban-speaking
3843:Chibcha-speaking
3839:
3838:
3760:
3759:
3745:
3655:
3643:
3642:
3631:
3630:
3620:
3619:
3550:
3549:
3531:Tequendama Falls
3526:
3494:
3437:
3436:
3355:
3354:
3344:
3343:
3323:
3311:
3299:
3287:
3272:
3239:
3232:
3225:
3206:
3203:10,000 - 2800 BP
3183:
3166:
3157:
3145:
3144:
3109:
3080:
3017:
3016:
3006:
3005:
2877:
2800:
2799:
2789:
2788:
2781:
2772:
2765:
2758:
2749:
2748:
2507:
2393:in 20 localities
2385:
2374:
2368:Capital District
2362:
2352:
2345:
2338:
2329:
2328:
2324:
2323:
2322:
2298:
2297:
2296:
2282:
2268:
2267:
2266:
2238:
2237:
2236:
2230:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2193:
2192:
2177:Historia Crítica
2171:
2157:
2156:
2155:
2146:
2137:, Jorge (2016),
2130:
2129:, pp. 1–118
2117:
2116:, pp. 1–494
2104:
2103:
2102:
2088:
2075:
2061:
2060:
2059:
2054:, pp. 1–193
2049:
2029:
2021:
2015:
2012:
2006:
2003:
1997:
1985:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1965:
1953:
1949:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1929:
1926:Biografía Sagipa
1924:
1920:
1914:
1906:
1902:
1896:
1885:
1881:
1875:
1872:
1866:
1855:
1851:
1845:
1840:
1836:
1830:
1824:
1818:
1813:
1809:
1803:
1798:
1794:
1788:
1783:
1779:
1773:
1770:
1764:
1761:
1755:
1752:
1746:
1743:
1737:
1734:
1728:
1719:
1715:
1709:
1706:
1700:
1697:
1691:
1687:
1683:
1677:
1674:
1668:
1665:
1659:
1656:
1650:
1644:
1638:
1631:
1627:
1621:
1618:
1612:
1605:
1601:
1595:
1588:
1584:
1578:
1571:
1567:
1531:
1526:
1525:
1524:
1517:
1512:
1511:
1510:
1464:Bogotá Formation
1424:
1418:
1408:
1402:
1209:
1204:
1183:
1178:
1157:
1152:
1131:
1126:
1105:
1100:
1079:
1074:
1060:
893:Spanish conquest
856:
849:
848:
838:
831:
830:
820:
813:
812:
797:
796:
787:
781:
780:
774:
758:Tequendama Falls
603:Sabana Formation
519:at 12,500 years
465:
453:
447:
438:
432:
426:
420:
413:Spanish conquest
383:Bogotá Formation
340:Sabana Formation
333:
327:
321:
282:
276:
157:
156:
154:
153:
152:
147:
143:
140:
139:
138:
135:
112:
106:
105:
99:
83:
58:
50:
44:
33:
32:
4506:
4505:
4501:
4500:
4499:
4497:
4496:
4495:
4461:
4460:
4459:
4454:
4428:
4395:
4352:
4347:
4337:
4327:
4311:
4159:
4140:
4103:
4062:
4005:
3951:
3926:
3898:
3876:Arawak-speaking
3870:
3824:
3802:
3746:
3733:
3711:
3682:
3673:Quemuenchatocha
3653:
3625:
3602:
3571:
3535:
3524:
3492:
3473:
3426:
3349:
3326:
3317:
3305:
3293:
3281:
3266:
3260:
3237:
3230:
3223:
3200:
3192:
3181:
3164:
3151:
3134:
3113:
3107:
3078:
3022:
3011:
2992:
2965:The Salt People
2959:
2896:
2875:
2794:
2783:
2779:
2776:
2746:
2741:
2684:
2611:
2508:
2499:
2392:
2390:
2386:
2375:
2356:
2320:
2318:
2301:
2294:
2292:
2280:
2264:
2262:
2243:Langebaek Rueda
2234:
2232:
2228:
2214:
2212:
2183:(32): 118–152,
2153:
2151:
2144:
2100:
2098:
2086:
2057:
2055:
2047:
2037:
2032:
2022:
2018:
2013:
2009:
2004:
2000:
1986:
1982:
1973:
1972:
1968:
1951:
1950:
1946:
1937:
1936:
1932:
1922:
1921:
1917:
1904:
1903:
1899:
1894:Wayback Machine
1883:
1882:
1878:
1873:
1869:
1864:Wayback Machine
1853:
1852:
1848:
1838:
1837:
1833:
1825:
1821:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1796:
1795:
1791:
1781:
1780:
1776:
1771:
1767:
1762:
1758:
1753:
1749:
1744:
1740:
1735:
1731:
1717:
1716:
1712:
1707:
1703:
1698:
1694:
1685:
1684:
1680:
1675:
1671:
1666:
1662:
1657:
1653:
1645:
1641:
1629:
1628:
1624:
1619:
1615:
1603:
1602:
1598:
1586:
1585:
1581:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1527:
1522:
1520:
1515:Colombia portal
1513:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1483:playable nation
1474:, a species of
1441:
1435:
1434:
1433:
1432:
1428:
1427:
1426:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1411:
1410:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1392:
1331:guecha warriors
1323:Magdalena River
1275:
1269:
1240:Battle of Pasca
1219:
1207:
1202:
1181:
1176:
1155:
1150:
1129:
1124:
1103:
1098:
1077:
1072:
1058:
879:
873:
872:
871:
869:
867:
861:
860:
859:
858:
854:
850:
842:
841:
840:
836:
832:
824:
823:
822:
818:
814:
806:
805:
804:
798:
790:
789:
788:
785:
782:
766:
472:
397:
257:Colombian Andes
254:
249:
244:
221:
150:
148:
144:
141:
136:
133:
131:
129:
128:
122:
121:
120:
119:
116:
115:
114:
113:
110:
107:
86:
69:
59:
52:
38:
31:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4504:
4494:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4456:
4455:
4453:
4452:
4441:
4438:
4437:
4434:
4433:
4430:
4429:
4427:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4405:
4403:
4397:
4396:
4394:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4362:
4360:
4354:
4353:
4351:
4350:
4340:
4330:
4319:
4317:
4313:
4312:
4310:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4202:De Castellanos
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4173:
4171:
4161:
4160:
4150:
4149:
4146:
4145:
4142:
4141:
4139:
4138:
4137:
4136:
4126:
4121:
4115:
4113:
4109:
4108:
4105:
4104:
4102:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4074:Martín Galeano
4071:
4066:
4059:
4054:
4052:Juan del Junco
4049:
4044:
4039:
4037:Gonzalo Macías
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4013:
4011:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3972:
3970:
3963:
3953:
3952:
3940:
3939:
3936:
3935:
3932:
3931:
3928:
3927:
3925:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3908:
3906:
3900:
3899:
3897:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3880:
3878:
3872:
3871:
3869:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3847:
3845:
3836:
3830:
3829:
3826:
3825:
3823:
3822:
3816:
3814:
3804:
3803:
3801:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3774:
3772:
3757:
3748:
3747:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3734:
3732:
3731:
3725:
3723:
3713:
3712:
3710:
3709:
3704:
3698:
3696:
3684:
3683:
3681:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3659:
3657:
3640:
3627:
3626:
3616:
3615:
3612:
3611:
3608:
3607:
3604:
3603:
3601:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3579:
3577:
3573:
3572:
3570:
3569:
3564:
3556:
3554:
3547:
3541:
3540:
3537:
3536:
3534:
3533:
3528:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3489:
3483:
3481:
3475:
3474:
3472:
3471:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3445:
3443:
3434:
3428:
3427:
3425:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3363:
3361:
3351:
3350:
3340:
3339:
3336:
3335:
3332:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3324:
3312:
3300:
3288:
3275:
3273:
3262:
3261:
3259:
3258:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3234:
3227:
3220:
3215:
3209:
3207:
3194:
3193:
3191:
3190:
3185:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3160:
3158:
3142:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3132:
3127:
3121:
3119:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3111:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3088:
3087:
3082:
3073:Bogotá savanna
3070:
3069:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3027:
3025:
3023:Cundiboyacense
3013:
3012:
3002:
3001:
2998:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2969:
2967:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2957:
2952:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2904:
2902:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2806:
2804:
2796:
2795:
2785:
2784:
2775:
2774:
2767:
2760:
2752:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2739:
2734:
2733:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2710:
2705:
2695:
2689:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2666:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2640:
2637:
2636:
2635:
2630:
2619:
2617:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2518:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2502:
2500:
2498:
2497:
2492:
2490:Ciudad Bolívar
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2470:Antonio Nariño
2467:
2462:
2457:
2455:Barrios Unidos
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2396:
2394:
2389:Administrative
2387:
2380:
2377:
2376:
2355:
2354:
2347:
2340:
2332:
2326:
2325:
2317:: 81–97, 1979
2299:
2269:
2253:(in Spanish),
2239:
2219:
2194:
2172:
2158:
2147:(in Spanish),
2135:Gamboa Mendoza
2131:
2118:
2105:
2080:Correal Urrego
2076:
2062:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2030:
2016:
2007:
1998:
1980:
1966:
1944:
1930:
1915:
1897:
1876:
1867:
1846:
1831:
1819:
1804:
1789:
1774:
1765:
1756:
1747:
1738:
1729:
1710:
1701:
1692:
1678:
1669:
1660:
1651:
1639:
1622:
1613:
1596:
1579:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1533:
1532:
1518:
1502:
1499:
1498:
1497:
1491:
1479:
1467:
1451:
1445:
1430:
1429:
1421:
1420:
1413:
1412:
1405:
1404:
1397:
1396:
1395:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1315:Spanish Empire
1271:Main article:
1268:
1265:
1215:Main article:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1185:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1159:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1133:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1107:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1081:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1063:
1057:
1051:
875:Main article:
863:
862:
852:
851:
844:
843:
834:
833:
826:
825:
816:
815:
808:
807:
800:
799:
792:
791:
784:
783:
776:
775:
769:
768:
767:
765:
762:
707:Lake Guatavita
630:Herrera Period
560:Equus lasallei
471:
468:
396:
393:
344:Spanish Empire
289:Bogotá savanna
260:
259:
252:Eastern Ranges
242:Bogotá savanna
239:
235:
234:
231:
227:
226:
215:
206:
205:
201:
200:
195:
191:
190:
188:Herrera Period
185:
181:
180:
175:
169:
168:
163:
159:
158:
124:
123:
117:
109:
108:
101:
100:
94:
93:
92:
91:
88:
87:
84:
76:
75:
71:
70:
64:
61:
60:
39:
36:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4503:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4468:
4466:
4451:
4443:
4442:
4439:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4409:Museo del Oro
4407:
4406:
4404:
4402:
4398:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4363:
4361:
4359:
4355:
4346:
4345:
4341:
4336:
4335:
4331:
4326:
4325:
4321:
4320:
4318:
4314:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4272:De Piedrahita
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4182:Acosta Samper
4180:
4178:
4175:
4174:
4172:
4170:
4166:
4162:
4155:
4151:
4135:
4132:
4131:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4116:
4114:
4110:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4072:
4070:
4069:Luis Lanchero
4067:
4065:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4014:
4012:
4008:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3973:
3971:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3961:Conquistadors
3958:
3954:
3950:
3945:
3941:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3909:
3907:
3905:
3901:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3881:
3879:
3877:
3873:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3848:
3846:
3844:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3831:
3821:
3818:
3817:
3815:
3813:
3809:
3805:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3783:Saguamanchica
3781:
3779:
3776:
3775:
3773:
3771:
3767:
3766:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3755:
3749:
3744:
3730:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3722:
3721:Tundama
3718:
3714:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3699:
3697:
3695:
3691:
3690:
3685:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3660:
3658:
3656:
3650:
3649:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3638:
3632:
3628:
3621:
3617:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3580:
3578:
3574:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3562:
3558:
3557:
3555:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3542:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3482:
3480:
3476:
3470:
3469:Hunzahúa Well
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3446:
3444:
3442:
3438:
3435:
3433:
3429:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3364:
3362:
3360:
3356:
3352:
3345:
3341:
3321:
3316:
3315:Cabildo Mayor
3313:
3309:
3304:
3301:
3297:
3292:
3289:
3285:
3280:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3270:
3263:
3257:
3256:
3255:El Infiernito
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3235:
3233:
3228:
3226:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3210:
3208:
3204:
3199:
3195:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3165:Lake Humboldt
3162:
3161:
3159:
3155:
3154:<10,000 BP
3150:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3137:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3120:
3116:
3110:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3092:Eastern Hills
3090:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3076:
3075:
3074:
3071:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3046:Juan Amarillo
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3033:
3032:
3029:
3028:
3026:
3024:
3018:
3014:
3007:
3003:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2970:
2968:
2966:
2962:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2950:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2905:
2903:
2899:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2873:
2871:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2845:Mummification
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2773:
2768:
2766:
2761:
2759:
2754:
2753:
2750:
2738:
2735:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2719:
2716:
2715:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2700:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2690:
2687:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2653:Juan Amarillo
2651:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2644:
2641:
2638:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2624:
2623:Eastern Hills
2621:
2620:
2618:
2614:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2511:
2506:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2480:La Candelaria
2478:
2476:
2475:Puente Aranda
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2415:San Cristóbal
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2384:
2378:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2353:
2348:
2346:
2341:
2339:
2334:
2333:
2330:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2290:
2286:
2279:
2277:
2270:
2260:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2240:
2227:
2226:
2220:
2210:
2206:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2191:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2159:
2150:
2149:Museo del Oro
2143:
2142:
2136:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2106:
2096:
2092:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2063:
2053:
2046:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2028:
2027:
2024:Muisca names
2020:
2011:
2002:
1995:
1991:
1990:
1984:
1978:
1970:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1948:
1942:
1934:
1927:
1919:
1913:
1909:
1901:
1895:
1891:
1888:
1880:
1871:
1865:
1861:
1858:
1850:
1843:
1835:
1828:
1823:
1816:
1808:
1801:
1793:
1786:
1778:
1769:
1760:
1751:
1742:
1733:
1726:
1725:Museo del Oro
1722:
1714:
1705:
1696:
1690:
1682:
1673:
1664:
1655:
1648:
1643:
1636:
1635:
1626:
1617:
1610:
1609:
1600:
1593:
1592:
1583:
1576:
1575:
1566:
1562:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1534:
1530:
1519:
1516:
1505:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1489:
1484:
1480:
1477:
1473:
1472:
1468:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1456:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1417:
1401:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1378:
1374:
1370:
1365:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1338:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1302:
1301:in Muyquytá.
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1279:
1274:
1264:
1261:
1255:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1218:
1217:Muisca rulers
1206:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1191:
1187:
1186:
1180:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1165:
1161:
1160:
1154:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1139:
1135:
1134:
1128:
1123:
1121:
1120:Saguamanchica
1118:
1113:
1109:
1108:
1102:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1087:
1083:
1082:
1076:
1071:
1069:
1068:
1064:
1062:
1061:
1055:
1050:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
932:
930:
926:
922:
921:
916:
912:
911:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
885:
878:
866:
857:
839:
821:
803:
773:
761:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
738:
732:
730:
729:Museo del Oro
726:
722:
718:
717:
712:
708:
704:
700:
699:
694:
689:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
637:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
614:Lake Humboldt
611:
608:
604:
599:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
564:
562:
561:
556:
555:
550:
549:
544:
540:
536:
533:
530:
526:
525:rock shelters
522:
518:
514:
505:
498:
497:
490:
484:
481:
476:
467:
464:
463:
457:
452:
446:
440:
437:
431:
425:
419:
414:
410:
406:
402:
392:
390:
389:
384:
380:
375:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
348:conquistadors
345:
341:
337:
332:
326:
320:
314:
312:
308:
307:Eastern Hills
304:
300:
299:
294:
290:
286:
281:
275:
270:
266:
258:
253:
248:
243:
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
219:
216:
214:
213:
209: •
207:
202:
199:
196:
192:
189:
186:
182:
179:
176:
174:
170:
167:
164:
160:
155:
127:Coordinates:
125:
98:
89:
82:
77:
72:
68:
62:
56:
49:
43:
34:
26:
22:
4342:
4332:
4322:
4316:Publications
4063:Lázaro Fonte
3807:
3769:
3763:
3753:
3716:
3687:
3678:Aquiminzaque
3646:
3636:
3559:
3432:Sacred sites
3367:Chiminigagua
3319:
3308:~1450 - 1540
3307:
3295:
3291:Early Muisca
3284:800 BC - 800
3283:
3268:
3253:
3249:Lake Herrera
3202:
3153:
3130:Tenza Valley
3125:Ocetá Páramo
3102:Suárez River
3031:Bogotá River
2947:
2815:Architecture
2717:
2675:TvdH Reserve
2643:Bogotá River
2465:Los Mártires
2319:, retrieved
2310:
2306:
2293:, retrieved
2288:
2284:
2275:
2263:, retrieved
2254:
2250:
2233:, retrieved
2224:
2213:, retrieved
2208:
2202:
2180:
2176:
2162:
2152:, retrieved
2139:
2122:
2109:
2099:, retrieved
2094:
2090:
2066:
2056:, retrieved
2043:
2035:Bibliography
2025:
2019:
2010:
2001:
1988:
1983:
1974:(in Spanish)
1969:
1952:(in Spanish)
1947:
1938:(in Spanish)
1933:
1923:(in Spanish)
1918:
1905:(in Spanish)
1900:
1884:(in Spanish)
1879:
1870:
1854:(in Spanish)
1849:
1839:(in Spanish)
1834:
1826:
1822:
1812:(in Spanish)
1807:
1797:(in Spanish)
1792:
1782:(in Spanish)
1777:
1768:
1759:
1750:
1741:
1732:
1718:(in Spanish)
1713:
1704:
1695:
1686:(in Spanish)
1681:
1672:
1663:
1654:
1646:
1642:
1633:
1630:(in Spanish)
1625:
1616:
1607:
1604:(in Spanish)
1599:
1590:
1587:(in Spanish)
1582:
1573:
1570:(in Spanish)
1565:
1486:
1469:
1453:
1407:Hotel Bacatá
1366:
1357:
1339:
1334:
1333:of the last
1310:
1303:
1298:
1290:
1286:
1284:
1259:
1256:
1243:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1220:
1065:
1053:
1047:Inca Empires
1036:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
943:
939:
934:The Spanish
933:
928:
918:
908:
896:
882:
880:
801:
754:Bogotá River
735:
733:
720:
714:
696:
693:gold workers
690:
674:Muisca women
638:
634:Lake Herrera
600:
565:
558:
552:
546:
510:
495:
482:
455:
441:
398:
386:
376:
371:
359:
315:
311:Bogotá River
296:
264:
263:
250:
210:
178:Cundinamarca
66:
4401:Collections
3593:Pacanchique
3583:Goranchacha
3454:Moon Temple
3417:Chibafruime
2933:Muisca raft
2810:Agriculture
2460:Teusaquillo
2391:subdivision
1994:Fossilworks
1056:of Muyquytá
1032:zequitusuca
936:chroniclers
931:of Bacatá.
725:Muisca raft
684:, gold and
618:agriculture
610:environment
483:Cuvieronius
480:gomphothere
411:before the
149: /
4465:Categories
4334:El Carnero
4302:Uricoechea
4277:De Quesada
4057:Juan Tafur
3834:Neighbours
3793:Tisquesusa
3778:Meicuchuca
3449:Sun Temple
3422:Guahaioque
3407:Nencatacoa
3397:Chibchacum
3296:800 - 1200
3269:>800 BC
3188:Tequendama
3149:Prehistory
3079:Suba Hills
2855:Muysccubun
2737:Categories
2703:Prehistory
2639:Suba Hills
2633:Monserrate
2602:Gachancipá
2537:Facatativá
2425:Tunjuelito
2321:2017-04-17
2295:2017-03-29
2265:2016-07-08
2235:2016-07-08
2215:2017-04-17
2154:2017-04-17
2101:2016-07-08
2058:2016-07-08
1558:References
1437:See also:
1307:Facatativá
1246:of Hunza,
1172:Tisquesusa
1094:Meicuchuca
988:Fusagasugá
940:cacicazgos
897:cacicazgos
607:lacustrine
592:Tequendama
529:pre-Clovis
470:Background
364:Tisquesusa
218:Tisquesusa
204:Government
194:Founded by
173:Department
137:74°12′44″W
4287:Schrimpff
4257:Langebaek
4252:Izquierdo
4197:Broadbent
4187:De Aguado
3788:Nemequene
3752:Southern
3635:Northern
3598:Thomagata
3588:Idacansás
3561:El Dorado
3545:Mythology
3499:Guatavita
3402:Cuchavira
3244:Aguazuque
3021:Altiplano
2973:Zipaquirá
2860:Mythology
2825:Astronomy
2628:Guadalupe
2616:Geography
2577:La Calera
2572:Tocancipá
2542:Zipaquirá
2405:Chapinero
2291:: 241–254
2211:: 135–141
2204:Symbiosis
1448:BD Bacatá
1423:BD Bacatá
1386:in 1566.
1260:psihipqua
1146:Nemequene
1054:Psihipqua
1020:zebquisca
1002:, Tosca,
972:Guatavita
968:Zipaquirá
716:El Dorado
711:Guatavita
666:Zipaquirá
650:mythology
584:Aguazuque
395:Etymology
379:BD Bacatá
238:Geography
230:Elevation
184:Populated
134:4°42′59″N
25:BD Bacatá
4450:Category
4247:Humboldt
4217:Duquesne
4169:Scholars
3812:Turmequé
3754:caciques
3707:Sugamuxi
3702:Nompanim
3663:Hunzahúa
3637:caciques
3320:>2002
3265:Ceramic
3085:Wetlands
3066:Tunjuelo
2988:Sesquilé
2955:Zoratama
2928:Emeralds
2901:Specific
2882:Toponyms
2870:Religion
2865:Numerals
2830:Calendar
2693:Timeline
2680:Wetlands
2663:Tunjuelo
2547:Mosquera
2445:Engativá
2440:Fontibón
2410:Santa Fe
2164:memoria"
2125:(M.A.),
2068:memoria"
1890:Archived
1860:Archived
1727:, Bogotá
1634:Muyquytá
1501:See also
1476:fig wasp
1460:ungulate
1350:emeralds
1287:caciques
1028:zemnisca
1024:zequasca
960:Chocontá
952:Guachetá
948:Simijaca
927:and the
884:caciques
703:wetlands
686:emeralds
646:religion
632:, after
626:ceramics
572:Holocene
527:are the
499:was held
451:Muyquytá
445:Muequetá
280:Muequetá
274:Muyquytá
225:(† 1539)
220:(† 1537)
166:Colombia
48:Muequetá
42:Muyquytá
4344:Epítome
4324:Elegías
4262:De Lugo
4212:Correal
3922:Yarigui
3894:Guayupe
3884:Achagua
3856:Sutagao
3808:cacique
3729:Tundama
3717:cacique
3504:Iguaque
3487:Fúquene
3479:Natural
3412:Chaquén
3392:Huitaca
3387:Bochica
3359:Deities
3279:Herrera
3238:Sáchica
3231:Nemocón
3224:Galindo
3171:El Abra
3140:History
3056:Teusacá
2978:Nemocón
2887:Warfare
2876:Society
2840:Economy
2835:Cuisine
2803:General
2698:History
2670:Savanna
2495:Sumapaz
2435:Kennedy
2400:Usaquén
2145:(video)
2141:century
2097:: 69–89
2050:(PhD),
1829:, p. 87
1827:Epítome
1649:, p. 85
1647:Epítome
1369:mestizo
1236:Sutagao
1000:Teusacá
996:Cáqueza
984:Tibacuy
964:Nemocón
905:Tundama
903:around
901:Tundama
837:Tundama
750:Bochica
678:cuisine
670:Nemocón
654:traders
622:Zipacón
588:Galindo
535:El Abra
456:Bogothá
401:Chibcha
350:led by
346:by the
338:of the
287:on the
269:Chibcha
162:Country
55:Chibcha
4348:(1889)
4338:(1638)
4328:(1589)
4297:Triana
4267:Ocampo
4242:Hammen
4232:Gamboa
4227:Friede
4222:Freyle
4192:Arango
4177:Acosta
3912:Panche
3798:Sagipa
3770:Bacatá
3694:Suamox
3668:Michuá
3525:Ubaque
3514:Suesca
3509:Siecha
3493:Guasca
3372:Bachué
3218:Checua
3198:Lithic
3176:Tibitó
3051:Soacha
2918:Chicha
2793:Topics
2780:Muisca
2718:Bacatá
2713:Muisca
2658:Soacha
2607:Bojacá
2567:Sibaté
2562:Cajicá
2552:Madrid
2527:Soacha
2522:Bogotá
2364:Bogotá
2276:Etayoa
1319:Panche
1248:Michuá
1198:Sagipa
1006:, and
1004:Guasca
980:Ubaqué
917:, the
915:Suamox
907:, the
855:Suamox
802:Bogotá
786:Bacatá
737:bohíos
698:tunjos
580:Checua
543:páramo
539:Tibitó
433:, and
405:Muisca
368:Sagipa
303:Bogotá
265:Bacatá
245:
223:Sagipa
198:Muisca
111:Bacatá
51:
37:Bacatá
21:Bogotá
4366:ICANH
4307:Zerda
4292:Simón
4237:Groot
4207:Celis
4010:Minor
3969:Major
3889:Tegua
3866:Lache
3861:Guane
3689:iraca
3654:Hunza
3648:zaque
3553:Myths
3441:Built
3182:Sueva
3061:Torca
3041:Fucha
2983:Tausa
2949:Tunjo
2938:Ruana
2892:Women
2850:Music
2648:Fucha
2597:Tenjo
2587:Tabio
2557:Funza
2313:(3),
2281:(PDF)
2261:: 1–8
2257:(3),
2229:(PDF)
2087:(PDF)
2048:(PDF)
1382:in a
1295:Funza
1244:zaque
1227:zipas
1099:~1450
1073:Start
1043:Aztec
1008:Pacho
992:Pasca
956:Ubaté
925:Hunza
920:zaque
910:iraca
819:Hunza
532:sites
293:Funza
4391:UPTC
3917:Muzo
3851:U'wa
3765:zipa
3519:Tota
3377:Chía
3036:Frío
2943:Tejo
2923:Duit
2592:Cota
2582:Sopó
2532:Chía
2450:Suba
2430:Bosa
2420:Usme
1996:.org
1384:duel
1362:Bosa
1358:zipa
1335:zipa
1311:zipa
1299:zipa
1291:zipa
1231:zipa
1223:zipa
1221:The
1208:1539
1203:1537
1182:1537
1177:1514
1156:1514
1151:1490
1130:1490
1125:1470
1104:1470
1067:Zipa
1045:and
1014:and
976:Suba
944:zipa
929:zipa
746:Chía
721:zipa
682:coca
668:and
662:salt
648:and
586:and
557:and
537:and
496:zipa
448:and
372:zipa
360:zipa
328:and
298:zipa
212:Zipa
67:zipa
3810:of
3768:of
3719:of
3692:of
3651:of
3382:Sué
2820:Art
2185:doi
1992:at
1574:uac
1078:End
1030:or
923:of
913:of
742:Sué
458:in
424:uac
421:or
418:bac
319:bac
277:or
4467::
2366:,
2311:16
2309:,
2305:,
2289:19
2287:,
2283:,
2255:22
2249:,
2209:45
2207:,
2201:,
2181:32
2179:,
2166:,
2093:,
2089:,
2070:,
1961:–
1957:–
1910:–
1723:–
1608:ta
1591:ca
1458:,
1049:.
1034:.
1026:,
998:,
994:,
990:,
986:,
982:,
978:,
974:,
970:,
966:,
962:,
958:,
954:,
950:,
688:.
598:.
582:,
551:,
521:BP
466:.
436:tá
430:ca
427:,
391:.
385:;
331:tá
325:ca
322:,
271::
45:/
3322:)
3318:(
3310:)
3306:(
3298:)
3294:(
3286:)
3282:(
3271:)
3267:(
3205:)
3201:(
3156:)
3152:(
2771:e
2764:t
2757:v
2351:e
2344:t
2337:v
2187::
2095:1
267:(
57:)
53:(
27:.
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