37:
44:
360:(GTP) in 1914 replaced water transportation with rail. Many of the traditional HBC routes fell into disuse. The Babine Portage's importance to the fur trade ended The railway bypassed the area, creating a relative isolation for the inhabitants, which proved fortunate, because the people escaped the devastation of the 1918
252:
The initial portage trail was cut with great difficulty through dense forest over a one-week period in
October 1822. Cargo was carried and canoes dragged westward from Stuart Lake to Yekoozdli and then on to Babine Lake. To avoid hilly sections, the new trail deviated in places from the rudimentary
295:
In the early 1900s, the HBC was known to operate two pairs of horses and wagons on the Babine
Portage throughout the summer. The wagon road over the divide was about 91 metres (300 ft) above Babine Lake and 110 metres (350 ft) above Stuart Lake. About 3 kilometres (2 mi) from the
311:
In the early 1840s, boats replaced the canoes. A decade later, a boat with a four-person crew took three to five days to complete the lake portions between the two forts. Water transportation remained the preferred mode for local shipping throughout the district.
249:(HBC) needed a link to the existing Fort St. James. The respective legs were Babine Lake (140 kilometres (90 mi)), Babine Portage (14 kilometres (9 mi)), and Stuart Lake (64 kilometres (40 mi)).
386:
289:
Expanding trade increased the Fort St. James traffic. To handle the greater volumes, warehouses were built in 1887 at both ends of the Babine
Portage to house freight.
71:
330:
were built to ply the respective lakes, which significantly reduced freight costs by 1907. The former was overhauled that year and replaced with a new
270:
In the early 1840s, the route was upgraded to a wagon road and horsedrawn carts replaced packhorses on the portage, which reduced freight costs.
374:
229:
The
Yekooche First Nation (a.k.a. the Portage Band) have inhabited the Stuart Lake area for thousands of years. The band originally settled in
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233:. Around the 1880s, the band moved from Yekoozdli to Yekooche (a.k.a Portage), which lies at the eastern end of the Babine Portage.
144:
111:
286:, followed by a 64-kilometre (40 mi) portage. From 1879, Fort St. James freight also largely came via the Skeena.
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reserves of Nan tl' at 13 and Ye koo che 13. By road, the location is about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northwest of
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304:
During the 1820s, the canoes carrying freight were probably of birch bark construction. By the early 1830s,
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123:
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230:
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Southeastward freight comprised furs for sale overseas and salmon for Fort St. James. The fort at
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The fur trade continued into the 1900s, before slowly declining. However, the completion of the
296:
latter, the road crossed the creek. At this point canoes were launched to travel downstream.
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160:
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768:
Soo Ts'yawh 'Ilho Zah Ts'inli "We Are All One" TPazt'en Nation's
Ancestral History of Yeko
8:
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were in use. During winter, freight could be carried in sleighs across frozen lakes.
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Northwestward freight comprised trading items and general supplies for Fort Babine.
257:
ones. The objective was to make transportation easier for the planned pack trains.
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also supplied salmon, because fish stocks were frequently scarce in Stuart Lake.
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was repaired in 1908. A successful trip to Fort St. James by the steamer
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were built to reduce the shipping costs of freight on the two lakes.
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751:"Fort St. James 1806–1914: A Century of Fur Trade on Stuart Lake"
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In the early 1870s, freight for Fort Babine began coming via the
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In the early 1890s, the Skeena route became almost exclusive.
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231:Yekoozdli at the east end of Cunningham Lake
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596:Minister of Mines annual report, 1906
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344:in 1909 suggested that the previous
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18:Place in British Columbia, Canada
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56:Location of Babine Portage in
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765:Gall, Christopher D. (2011).
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639:, pp. 175–176 (164–165).
602:(Report). p. 127 (H113).
348:route could again be viable.
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358:Grand Trunk Pacific Railway
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435:fnp-ppn.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca
417:fnp-ppn.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca
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322:In the early 1900s, the
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758:parkscanadahistory.com
749:Morton, Jamie (1988).
87:54.51667°N 125.18333°W
375:"Standard Oil BC map"
215:Yekooche First Nation
169: • Summer (
800:Hudson's Bay Company
699:, p. 281 (270).
687:, p. 278 (267).
675:, p. 174 (163).
663:, p. 158 (147).
651:, p. 143 (132).
627:, p. 113 (102).
615:, p. 121 (110).
585:, p. 256 (245).
561:, p. 249 (238).
525:, p. 114 (103).
489:, p. 276 (265).
274:Branch traffic route
247:Hudson's Bay Company
92:54.51667; -125.18333
537:, p. 104 (93).
391:www.davidrumsey.com
379:www.davidrumsey.com
300:Lake transportation
197:regions of central
83: /
573:, p. 85 (77).
513:, p. 78 (67).
474:, p. 77 (66).
237:Main traffic route
501:, pp. 69–72.
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140:Regional district
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431:"Ye koo che 13"
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387:"Shell BC map"
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219:Fort St. James
187:Babine Portage
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50:Babine Portage
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334:in 1908. The
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315:In 1892, two
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245:in 1822, the
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68:Coordinates:
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280:Skeena River
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189:borders the
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697:Morton 1988
685:Morton 1988
673:Morton 1988
661:Morton 1988
649:Morton 1988
637:Morton 1988
625:Morton 1988
613:Morton 1988
583:Morton 1988
559:Morton 1988
547:Morton 1988
535:Morton 1988
523:Morton 1988
511:Morton 1988
487:Morton 1988
472:Morton 1988
362:Spanish flu
262:Fraser Lake
243:Fort Babine
211:Stuart Lake
207:Babine Lake
90: /
78:125°11′00″W
784:Categories
743:References
364:epidemic.
75:54°31′00″N
805:Fur trade
733:Gall 2011
721:Gall 2011
709:Gall 2011
571:Gall 2011
499:Gall 2011
460:Gall 2011
448:Gall 2011
399:Footnotes
284:The Forks
152:Time zone
341:Nechacco
326:and the
112:Province
393:. 1956.
381:. 1937.
346:Quesnel
317:cutters
205:linked
203:portage
195:Omineca
133:Omineca
103:Country
795:Dakelh
790:Babine
352:Demise
336:Babine
332:Stuart
328:Babine
324:Stuart
201:. The
191:Skeena
129:Skeena
124:Region
106:Canada
775:(MA).
754:(PDF)
180:(PDT)
178:UTC-7
157:UTC-8
368:Maps
209:and
193:and
282:to
171:DST
161:PST
786::
771:.
756:.
598:.
479:^
433:.
415:.
389:.
377:.
221:.
760:.
437:.
419:.
173:)
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159:(
131:/
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
