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Baška tablet

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729:(11-12th century) features of the church of St. Lucy similar to three other churches founded by 1100 on Krk also show it is dated at the turn of the 11th and 12th centuries. Lately art historian Pavuša Vežić argued that the church is dated to the late Romanesque period (in the beginning of the 14th century) and Baška tablet text to 1300 with only ornamental decoration from 1100. Although new dating of the church was accepted by scholars like Margetić, they still considered it does not change the early 12th century dating of the whole tablet which features are "hardly possible" for the middle of the 12th century and "unimaginable" for the beginning of the 14th century. 782: 202: 265:(the right pluteus tablet is so-called "Jurandvorski ulomci/Jurandvor fragments" with four preserved pieces which were also found on the pavement, mentions name of Zvonimir, Croatia, Lucia, word "opat", "prosih" and "križ", has almost the same but smaller letters and it is also dated to the 11th and 12th century). According to historical sources the cancellus was preserved at least until 1752, when somewhere since then until before 1851 was destroyed and the tablet placed on the pavement of the church. A replica is in place in the church. 343: 698: 36: 716:(probably a reference to a local place on island of Krk or March of Dalmatia from the 1060s which was composed of part of Kvarner and the eastern coast of Istria), suggests the period of Croatian succession crisis of the 1090s and before the Venetian domination since 1116 and first mention of counts of Krk in 1118-1130 (later known as 644:
atca i s(i)na (ve)tago duha azъ opat držiha pisahъ se o lediě juže da zъvъnimirъ kralъ hrъvatъskъï dni svoję vъ svetuju luciju i sv- mi županъ desim(i)ra krъvě mraъ vъ l(i)- cě pr(i)bъnebža ъ posl vin(o)lě (o)vъ v(ъ) o- tocě da iže to poreče klъni i bo(g) i bï(=12) ap(osto)la i g(=4) e- van(je)listi
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Several evidences show that the tablet is dated to the late 11th or early 12th century (c. 1100 CE). The tablet's content suggests it was inscribed after the death of King Zvonimir (who died in 1089), since abbot Držiha describes Zvonimir's donation as an event that happened further in the past ("in
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Ja, u ime Oca i Sina i Svetoga Duha. Ja opat Držiha pisah ovo/to o ledini koju dade Zvonimir, kralj hrvatski, u svoje dane svetoj Luciji, i svjedoci župan Desimir u Krbavi, Martin u Lici, Piribineg posal u Vinodolu i Jakov na otoku. Da tko to poreče, prokleo ga Bog i 12 apostola i 4 evanđelista i
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considered it was erected by the same counts of Krk between 1105-1118. Desimir is identified with Desimir župan of Krbava mentioned in the 1078 charter of king Zvonimir, while Pribineg some scholars identified with Pirvaneg župan of Luka in 1059. Ornamental decoration of the tablet, and early
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only (ъ). It also has several Latin and Cyrillic letters (i, m, n, o, t, v) which combination was still common for that period. It provides the only example of transition from Glagolitic of the rounded Bulgarian (old Slovak) type to the angular Croatian alphabet type.
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The Baška tablet is made of white limestone. It is 199 cm wide, 99.5 cm high, and 7.5–9 cm thick. It weighs approximately 800 kilograms. The tablet was installed as a partition between the altar and the rest of the church, specifically, it was left
1195:
i arhaične jezične i pismovne značajke Ploče vrlo teško dopuštaju pomicanje granice njezina klesanja čak i prema sredini 12. stoljeća, a pogotovu su nezamislive za početak 14. stoljeća. Natpis na Ploči treba iz tih razloga svakako datirati s početkom 12.
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and Jakov on island. Whoever denies this, be cursed by God and the twelve apostles and the four evangelists and Saint Lucia. Amen. May he who lives here, pray for them to God. I abbot Dobrovit built this church with nine of my brethren in the days of
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i s(ve)taě luciě am(e)nъ da iže sdě žive- tъ moli za ne boga azъ opatъ d(o)brovitъ zъ- dah crěkъvъ siju i svoeju bratiju sъ dev- etiju vъdni kъneza kosъmъta oblad- ajućago vъsu kъrainu i běše vъ tъ dni m- ikula vъ točъci vetuju luciju vъ edino
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sveta Lucija. Amen. Da tko ovdje živi, moli za njih Boga. Ja opat Dobrovit zidah crkvu ovu sa svoje devetero braće u dane kneza Kosmata koji je vladao cijelom Krajinom. I bješe u te dane Mikula u Otočcu sa svetom Lucijom zajedno
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challenges, as well as the problem of the damaged, worn-out surface of the slab. Through successive efforts, the contents were mostly interpreted before World War I, but remained a topic of study throughout the 20th century.
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his days"). The Church of St. Lucy, described as having been built during the reign of count Kosmat (possibly identified with župan of Luka in 1070 or comes Kuzma who was in the entourage of
386: 359: 773:("I"), others believe that letters were also used to encode the year. There is no agreement, however, on the interpretation: 1100, 1077, 1079, 1105 and 1120 have been proposed. 413:
on Krk which is an island (in Croatian island is "otok" with "Otočac" being a derivation), or somewhere else on Krk and its surroundings (like monastery of St. Nicholas near
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One of the most disputed parts of it is the mention of "Mikula/Nicholas in Otočac", considered as a reference, or to the church and later monastery of St. Mikula/Nicholas in
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contributed to the interpretation of Baška tablet as a left altar partition. His reconstruction of the text of the Baška tablet is the most widely accepted version today.
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abbey in the time of abbot Držiha. The second half of the inscription tells how abbot Dobrovit built the church along with nine monks. The inscription is written in the
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Scholars argue that the textual background for the inscription was made in the period between abbot Držiha and Dobrovit, probably based on the church's
809: 747: 1374:"900 godina Bašćanske ploče (1100.-2000.) – radovi sa znanstvenog skupa, ur. P. Strčić, Krčki zbornik sv. 42 – pos. izd. 36, Baška 2000., 348 str" 763: 898: 362: 1243: 1140: 1111: 1486: 990: 1315: 1501: 1019: 964: 237: 151: 118: 1191:, pp. 3, 7–11:Nasuprot tomu, ne čini nam se prihvatljivom Vežićeva teza da je natpis na Ploči nastao oko 1300. godine. 1566: 1462: 824:
called it "the baptismal certificate of Croatian culture". It features a vaguely damaged ornamental string pattern, the
1561: 1556: 1536: 1304: 812:, are older and appeared in the 11th century) and in spite of the fact that it was not written in the pure Croatian 409:(but earliest historical mention dating to the 15th century), or to the toponym of St. Lucia's estate of Mikulja in 1546: 1526: 769:
The meaning of the opening lines is contested. While some scholars interpret the introductory characters simply as
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I, in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit. I abbot Držiha wrote this about the land which gave
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during Zvonimir's reign went from Croatian inland toward recently conquered Byzantine lands (Krk was one of the
1293: 1023: 1356: 1134: 657: 279: 218: 206: 174: 88: 1011: 1531: 742:) rejects the thesis different rows were inscribed in two, three or four different periods as argued by 1268: 781: 707: 352: 1541: 726: 146: 1238: 1106: 985: 890: 430: 1264: 821: 275: 626:(1960s, last update 1982-1985), with restored segments in square brackets, is as follows: 8: 840: 258: 886: 751: 201: 1101: 825: 817: 738: 162: 980: 1338: 1233: 960: 829: 623: 442: 299: 287: 245: 170: 166: 134: 948: 226: 217:
The tablet was discovered on 15 September 1851 by Petar Dorčić during paving of the
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Baška tablet replica with partially reconstructed cancellus in St. Lucy's church
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and King Zvonimir are mentioned on the tablet for the first time in Croatian.
1520: 1470: 848: 844: 801: 697: 453:) argued it shows connection between Benedictines in Krk and Otočac in Lika. 394: 951:(2019). "Glagoljaški lapidarij: O Bašćanskoj ploči, Tajna Bašćanske ploče". 393:
The scholars who took part in deciphering of the Glagolitic text dealt with
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Despite the fact of not being the oldest Croatian Glagolitic monument (the
385: 283: 269: 262: 1411: 813: 759: 736:. It is considered that the fact it was inscribed at once as one unit ( 377: 414: 1373: 733: 678: 295: 222: 210: 178: 92: 847:
banknote, issued in 1993 and 2002, and on a postage stamp issued by
417:, old churches of St. Nicholas in Bosar, Ogrul, Negrit or island of 402: 450: 1434:[About some general problems regarding the Baška tablet]. 661: 35: 794: 712: 682: 438: 186: 150:) is one of the first monuments containing an inscription in the 1394: 665: 241: 122: 1442:(60). Catholic Faculty of Theology, University of Zagreb: 1–15 1431: 1342: 685:. And in those days Nicholas in Otočac was one with St. Lucia 425:
supported the thesis about St. Nicholas in Otočac because the
959:] (in Croatian). Zagreb: Znamen. pp. 74–75, 79–102. 762:(three, 1077/1079, end of the 11th century and around 1100), 660:, the Croatian king, in his days to St. Lucia, and witnesses 418: 410: 272: 437:), and linguist Valentin Putanec based on the definition of 1182: 786: 669: 406: 1199: 1211: 456:
The original text, with unreadable segments marked gray:
230: 190: 100: 1038: 1463:"900 Years of the Baska Stone Tablet (Souvenir Sheet)" 1158: 1146: 1055: 1053: 1170: 1065: 236:
Since 1934, the original tablet has been kept at the
1050: 152:Croatian recension of the Church Slavonic language 1494:Ljetopis Hrvatske akademije znanosti i umjetnosti 957:Glagolitic Alley: Centuries of Croatian Glagolism 1518: 1269:"Bašćanska ploča – krsni list hrvatske kulture" 368:An example of Old Croatian used in Baška tablet 953:Aleja glagoljaša: stoljeća hrvatske glagoljice 899:Institute of Croatian Language and Linguistics 233:. Already then a small part of it was broken. 1432:"O nekim osnovnim problemima Bašćanske ploče" 1085:"Institut za hrvatski jezik i jezikoslovlje" 1325:(2002 issue). – Retrieved on 30 March 2009. 165:are mentioned for the first time in native 1263: 816:- it has nevertheless been referred to by 542:ⰲⰰⰼⰾⰻⱄⱅ҃ⰻⰻⱄⱅ҃ⰰⱑⰾⱆⱌⰻⱑⰰⱞⱀⱏⰴⰰⰻⰾⰵⱄ 1410: 1244:Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography 1141:Miroslav Krleža Lexicographical Institute 1112:Miroslav Krleža Lexicographical Institute 1426: 1343:"Najstariji hrvatski glagoljski natpisi" 1217: 1188: 1176: 1152: 1127: 947: 943: 941: 939: 937: 935: 780: 696: 384: 200: 1487:"Baščanska ploča i njeno konzerviranje" 1484: 1392: 1371: 1275:(in Croatian). Hrvatska katolička mreža 1205: 1164: 1071: 933: 931: 929: 927: 925: 923: 921: 919: 917: 915: 710:to Zadar in 1102) who ruled over whole 1519: 1123: 1121: 881: 879: 877: 875: 873: 871: 869: 867: 865: 863: 632:Original text transliterated to Latin 78:late 11th-early 12th century (c. 1100) 1502:Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts 1337: 1228: 1226: 1059: 1044: 1020:Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts 238:Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts 145: 119:Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts 1380:(in Croatian). 34-35-36 (1): 307–311 1096: 1094: 1026:from the original on 18 October 2014 991:Leksikografski zavod Miroslav Krleža 912: 885: 294:of Croatian recension influenced by 282:'s donation of a piece of land to a 169:. The inscription is written in the 1393:Galović, Tomislav (December 2018). 1118: 1004: 860: 161:. On it Croatian ethnonym and king 13: 1455: 1223: 820:as "the jewel" of Croatian, while 341: 14: 1578: 1091: 973: 681:Cosmas who ruled over the entire 635:The same text in modern Croatian 548:ⱅⱏⱞⱉⰾⰻⰸⱝⱀⰵⰱ҃ⱁⰳⰰⰰⰸⱏⱁⱂⱝⱅⱏⰴⰱⱃⱉ 449:(meaning coastline and inland of 16:11th-century Croatian inscription 1012:"The Baška Tablet - "The Jewel"" 891:"Iz povijesti hrvatskoga jezika" 758:(three, between 1089 and 1116), 376:Problems playing this file? See 357: 34: 1395:"Milan Moguš i Bašćanska ploča" 1331: 1287: 1257: 839:The tablet was depicted on the 776: 750:(four, between 1076 and 1120), 554:ⰴⱝⱈⱏⱌⱃ꙯ⱑⰽⱏⰲⱏⱄⰻⱅⰻⱄⰲⱉⰵⱓⰱⱃⱝ 173:. It was discovered in 1851 at 1077: 251: 147:[bâʃt͡ɕanskaːplɔ̂t͡ʃa] 70:c. 800 kg (1,800 lb) 1: 1436:Croatica Christiana Periodica 1357:Old Church Slavonic Institute 1135:Croatian Biographical Lexicon 854: 155: 421:). Lately, church historian 7: 746:(two, 1078 and 1092-1102), 334: 62:99.5 cm (39.2 in) 10: 1583: 1567:Church Slavonic literature 1372:Galović, Tomislav (2004). 1294:Features of Kuna Banknotes 766:(three, similar to Hamm). 654: 648: 642: 532:ⱅⱁⱌⱑⰴⰰⰻⰶⰵⱅⱉⱂⱁⱃⱒⰵⰽⰾⱏⱀⰻⰻⰱⱁⰻⰱ 196: 1562:11th-century inscriptions 1557:Croatian Glagolitic texts 1537:Old Croatian inscriptions 692: 638:The same text in English 574:ⰰⱓⱋⱝⰳⱉⰲⱏⱄⱆⰽⱏⱃⱝⰻⱀⱆⰻⰱⱑⱎⰵⰲⱏⱅ 290:, exhibiting features of 244:. Croatian archaeologist 114: 106: 82: 74: 66: 58: 50: 42: 33: 27: 26: 21: 1485:Deželić, Mladen (1943). 708:Coloman, King of Hungary 487:ⰴⰰⰸⱏⰲⱏⱀⰻⰿⱃⱏⰽⱃⰰⰾⱏⱈⱃⱏⰲⱝⱅⱏⱄ 405:in Northwestern part of 54:199 cm (78 in) 1547:11th century in Croatia 1527:Glagolitic inscriptions 1128:Ćosković, Pejo (2009), 389:Detail of Baška tablet. 833: 790: 702: 672:, Piribineg deputy in 390: 346: 214: 138: 1239:Croatian Encyclopedia 1107:Croatian Encyclopedia 986:Croatian Encyclopedia 784: 700: 441:in the dictionary by 431:Dalmatian city-states 388: 345: 204: 843:of the Croatian 100 481:ⰴⱃⱏⰶⰻⱈⱝⱂⰻⱄⰰⱈⱏⱄⰵⱁⰾⰵⰴⰻ 225:near the village of 181:near the village of 1314:(1993 issue) & 1265:Damjanović, Stjepan 1208:, pp. 267–268. 754:(two, until 1100), 622:text, according to 1532:Culture of Croatia 1412:10.31953/sz.45.1.3 1341:(September 1971). 1321:2011-06-04 at the 1310:2011-06-04 at the 1299:2009-05-06 at the 1193:Scriptura continua 1047:, p. 242–247. 826:Croatian interlace 822:Stjepan Damjanović 791: 756:Vjekoslav Štefanić 739:scriptura continua 703: 391: 347: 302:, such as writing 219:Church of St. Lucy 215: 207:Church of St. Lucy 175:Church of St. Lucy 163:Demetrius Zvonimir 89:Church of St. Lucy 1430:(December 2007). 1234:"Bašćanska ploča" 1220:, pp. 11–13. 1022:. 16 March 2011. 966:978-953-6008-58-2 887:Brozović, Dalibor 690: 689: 568:ⰲⱏⰴⱀⰻⰽⱏⱀⰵⰸⰰⰽⱉⱄⱏⱞⱏ 435:theme of Dalmatia 363: 300:Croatian language 288:Glagolitic script 229:on the island of 171:Glagolitic script 167:Croatian language 128: 127: 1574: 1513: 1511: 1509: 1491: 1481: 1479: 1477: 1451: 1449: 1447: 1423: 1421: 1419: 1414: 1389: 1387: 1385: 1368: 1366: 1364: 1326: 1291: 1285: 1284: 1282: 1280: 1267:(7 March 2019). 1261: 1255: 1254: 1252: 1250: 1230: 1221: 1215: 1209: 1203: 1197: 1186: 1180: 1174: 1168: 1162: 1156: 1150: 1144: 1143: 1125: 1116: 1115: 1098: 1089: 1088: 1081: 1075: 1069: 1063: 1057: 1048: 1042: 1036: 1035: 1033: 1031: 1008: 1002: 1001: 1000: 998: 977: 971: 970: 945: 910: 909: 907: 905: 883: 785:Baška tablet at 718:Frankopan family 629: 628: 615: 613: 609: 606: 602: 598: 595: 591: 587: 581: 577: 571: 567: 561: 557: 551: 545: 539: 535: 529: 525: 521: 516: 512: 508: 503: 499: 494: 490: 484: 480: 474: 470: 467: 463: 447:Giacomo Micaglia 427:Gregorian Reform 365: 364: 344: 326:, and using one 263:cancellus/septum 160: 157: 149: 144: 115:Present location 38: 29: 19: 18: 1582: 1581: 1577: 1576: 1575: 1573: 1572: 1571: 1517: 1516: 1507: 1505: 1496:(in Croatian). 1489: 1475: 1473: 1461: 1458: 1456:Further reading 1445: 1443: 1438:(in Croatian). 1417: 1415: 1401:(in Croatian). 1399:Senjski zbornik 1383: 1381: 1362: 1360: 1351:(in Croatian). 1334: 1329: 1323:Wayback Machine 1312:Wayback Machine 1301:Wayback Machine 1292: 1288: 1278: 1276: 1262: 1258: 1248: 1246: 1242:(in Croatian). 1232: 1231: 1224: 1216: 1212: 1204: 1200: 1187: 1183: 1175: 1171: 1167:, pp. 309. 1163: 1159: 1151: 1147: 1139:(in Croatian), 1126: 1119: 1110:(in Croatian), 1100: 1099: 1092: 1083: 1082: 1078: 1074:, pp. 310. 1070: 1066: 1058: 1051: 1043: 1039: 1029: 1027: 1010: 1009: 1005: 996: 994: 989:(in Croatian), 981:"Fučić, Branko" 979: 978: 974: 967: 949:Bratulić, Josip 946: 913: 903: 901: 897:(in Croatian). 884: 861: 857: 810:Krk inscription 779: 695: 611: 607: 604: 603:ⱆⱓⰾⱆⱌ꙯ⱜⱓ 600: 596: 593: 589: 585: 583: 579: 575: 573: 569: 565: 563: 559: 555: 553: 549: 547: 543: 541: 537: 533: 531: 527: 523: 519: 517: 514: 510: 506: 504: 501: 497: 496:ⰴⱀⰻⱄⰲⱁⱗⰲⱏⱄⰲⰵⱅⱆⱓ 495: 492: 488: 486: 482: 478: 476: 472: 468: 465: 461: 459: 383: 382: 374: 372: 371: 370: 369: 366: 358: 355: 348: 342: 337: 292:Church Slavonic 254: 199: 158: 142: 139:Bašćanska ploča 87: 28:Bašćanska ploča 17: 12: 11: 5: 1580: 1570: 1569: 1564: 1559: 1554: 1549: 1544: 1542:1100 in Europe 1539: 1534: 1529: 1515: 1514: 1482: 1457: 1454: 1453: 1452: 1428:Margetić, Lujo 1424: 1405:(1): 265–285. 1390: 1369: 1333: 1330: 1328: 1327: 1286: 1256: 1222: 1210: 1198: 1181: 1169: 1157: 1155:, pp. 13. 1145: 1117: 1090: 1076: 1064: 1062:, p. 238. 1049: 1037: 1003: 972: 965: 911: 858: 856: 853: 778: 775: 748:Rudolf Strohal 694: 691: 688: 687: 653: 647: 640: 639: 636: 633: 620:transliterated 373: 367: 356: 353:Speech example 351: 350: 349: 340: 339: 338: 336: 333: 253: 250: 198: 195: 159: 1100 AD 154:, dating from 126: 125: 116: 112: 111: 108: 104: 103: 84: 80: 79: 76: 72: 71: 68: 64: 63: 60: 56: 55: 52: 48: 47: 44: 40: 39: 31: 30: 24: 23: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1579: 1568: 1565: 1563: 1560: 1558: 1555: 1553: 1550: 1548: 1545: 1543: 1540: 1538: 1535: 1533: 1530: 1528: 1525: 1524: 1522: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1488: 1483: 1472: 1471:Croatian Post 1468: 1464: 1460: 1459: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1413: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1391: 1379: 1375: 1370: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1349: 1344: 1340: 1339:Fučić, Branko 1336: 1335: 1324: 1320: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1306: 1302: 1298: 1295: 1290: 1274: 1270: 1266: 1260: 1245: 1241: 1240: 1235: 1229: 1227: 1219: 1218:Margetić 2007 1214: 1207: 1202: 1194: 1190: 1189:Margetić 2007 1185: 1179:, pp. 3. 1178: 1177:Margetić 2007 1173: 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247: 243: 239: 234: 232: 228: 224: 220: 212: 208: 203: 194: 192: 188: 184: 180: 176: 172: 168: 164: 153: 148: 140: 136: 132: 124: 120: 117: 113: 109: 107:Discovered by 105: 102: 98: 94: 90: 85: 81: 77: 73: 69: 65: 61: 57: 53: 49: 45: 41: 37: 32: 25: 20: 1506:. Retrieved 1497: 1493: 1474:. Retrieved 1467:epostshop.hr 1466: 1444:. Retrieved 1439: 1435: 1416:. Retrieved 1402: 1398: 1382:. Retrieved 1377: 1361:. Retrieved 1352: 1346: 1332:Bibliography 1289: 1277:. Retrieved 1272: 1259: 1247:. Retrieved 1237: 1213: 1206:Galović 2018 1201: 1192: 1184: 1172: 1165:Galović 2004 1160: 1148: 1133: 1105: 1079: 1072:Galović 2004 1067: 1040: 1028:. Retrieved 1016:info.hazu.hr 1015: 1006: 995:, retrieved 984: 975: 956: 952: 902:. Retrieved 894: 838: 806:Valun tablet 799: 793:The name of 792: 777:Significance 770: 768: 744:Franjo Rački 737: 731: 711: 704: 668:, Martin in 655: 649: 643: 624:Branko Fučić 617: 509:ⱃⱝⰽⱃⱏⰱⱝⰲⱑⰿⱃⱝ 505:ⰿⰻⰶⱆⱂⱝⱀⱏⰴⰵⱄⰻ 458: 455: 443:Bartol Kašić 433:part of the 423:Mile Bogović 400: 392: 375: 327: 323: 319: 315: 311: 307: 303: 267: 255: 246:Branko Fučić 235: 216: 131:Baška tablet 130: 129: 110:Petar Dorčić 22:Baška tablet 1418:29 November 1030:18 December 993:, 1999–2009 752:Ferdo Šišić 664:Desimir in 518:ⱌⱑⱂⱃⰱⱏⱀⰵⰱⰳⰰ 298:dialect of 284:Benedictine 252:Description 1521:Categories 1508:22 January 1500:. 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Index


Church of St. Lucy
Jurandvor
Baška
Krk
Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts
Zagreb
Croatian
[bâʃt͡ɕanskaːplɔ̂t͡ʃa]
Croatian recension of the Church Slavonic language
Demetrius Zvonimir
Croatian language
Glagolitic script
Church of St. Lucy
Jurandvor
Baška
Croatian
Krk

Church of St. Lucy
Jurandvor
Church of St. Lucy
Jurandvor
Baška
Krk
Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts
Zagreb
Branko Fučić
pluteus
cancellus/septum

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