1039:
275:
982:
75:
33:
52:
314:
of maize (the first step in the process of creating tortillas and pinole, by which the pericarp of Indian corn is removed before parching and grinding). Oftentimes the four-wing saltbush was used instead of slaked lime (hydrate lime/slaked powder lime). Four-wing saltbush is also a common marker that
310:, an infusion of dried root and blossoms or a poultice of blossoms is used for ant bites. Twigs are also attached to prayer plumes and sacrificed to the cottontail rabbit to ensure good hunting. The Native American Hopi Indians preferred the ashes of four-wing saltbush for the
315:
archaeologists can use to locate ancient Pueblo ruins, which may indicate that the small branches of this bush were burned for their alkaline ashes to nixtamalize maize by Native peoples throughout the South-Western United States.
1169:
1189:
287:
Fourwing saltbush is most common in early succession areas such as disturbed sites and active sand dunes. It is also found in more mature successions dominated by
408:
265:
also results in variations in form. Its height can vary from 1 foot to 10 feet, but 2 to 4 feet is most common. The leaves are thin and 0.5 to 2 inches long.
1159:
340:
Camazine, Scott and Robert A. Bye 1980 A Study Of The
Medical Ethnobotany Of The Zuni Indians of New Mexico. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2:365–388 p.384
1154:
1179:
1124:
1114:
1129:
1119:
1149:
652:
1080:
1174:
691:
1023:
743:
392:
268:
It is most readily identified by the fruits, which have four wings at roughly 90 degree angles and are densely packed on long stems.
889:
600:
400:
902:
665:
613:
1164:
670:
1099:
1073:
1144:
1016:
696:
915:
639:
59:
1199:
761:
1066:
933:
494:
1194:
1109:
592:
457:
1009:
863:
504:
476:
376:
928:
756:
907:
618:
371:
1134:
566:
74:
1139:
683:
384:
748:
530:
722:
657:
587:
419:
331:
Stevenson, Matilda Coxe 1915 Ethnobotany of the Zuni
Indians. SI-BAE Annual Report #30 (p.44)
178:
1054:
997:
771:
709:
538:
288:
255:
has a highly variable form, and readily hybridizes with several other species in the genus
804:
8:
717:
41:
735:
579:
954:
812:
69:
1104:
876:
704:
512:
274:
1038:
1184:
1046:
959:
817:
881:
868:
855:
517:
481:
468:
844:
311:
237:
112:
981:
794:
1050:
993:
730:
442:
135:
99:
1093:
989:
241:
233:
145:
946:
32:
784:
678:
626:
451:
307:
894:
605:
262:
631:
574:
551:
295:
226:
413:
941:
838:
779:
644:
436:
257:
155:
125:
556:
920:
525:
543:
489:
278:
Dried fruits on a stem, in the desert west of Las Vegas, Nevada
229:
199:
195:
86:
1170:
Natural history of the
California chaparral and woodlands
1190:
Plants used in traditional Native
American medicine
1091:
1074:
1017:
358:Hopi Cookery, by Juanita Tiger Kavena, 1980
271:This species blooms from April to October.
1160:Flora of the Sierra Nevada (United States)
1081:
1067:
1024:
1010:
50:
31:
1155:Flora of the Great Plains (North America)
385:Jepson Manual eFlora (TJM2) treatment of
1180:Natural history of the Transverse Ranges
1125:Flora of the South-Central United States
1115:Flora of the North-Central United States
273:
1130:Flora of the Southwestern United States
1120:Flora of the Northwestern United States
240:) native to the western and midwestern
1150:Flora of the California desert regions
1092:
418:
417:
1175:Natural history of the Mojave Desert
1033:
976:
13:
14:
1211:
762:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1175090-2
365:
1037:
980:
73:
934:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:42398-2
352:
343:
334:
325:
247:
1:
318:
1165:Flora of the Sonoran Deserts
1053:. You can help Knowledge by
996:. You can help Knowledge by
7:
10:
1216:
1100:NatureServe secure species
1032:
975:
282:
16:Species of flowering plant
828:
426:
184:
177:
70:Scientific classification
68:
48:
39:
30:
23:
1145:Flora of the Great Basin
301:
1049:-related article is a
409:Southwest Desert Flora
279:
1200:Medicinal plant stubs
393:USDA Forest Service:
277:
830:Calligonum canescens
291:Artemisia tridentata
1195:Amaranthaceae stubs
1110:Flora of California
401:UC Photos gallery:
225:) is a species of
42:Conservation status
723:Atriplex canescens
495:atriplex-canescens
458:Atriplex canescens
428:Atriplex canescens
403:Atriplex canescens
395:Atriplex canescens
387:Atriplex canescens
379:Atriplex canescens
280:
253:Atriplex canescens
223:four-wing saltbush
210:Atriplex canescens
188:Atriplex canescens
25:Atriplex canescens
1062:
1061:
1005:
1004:
970:
969:
705:Open Tree of Life
420:Taxon identifiers
261:. The degree of
206:
205:
170:A. canescens
63:
1207:
1135:Flora of Alberta
1083:
1076:
1069:
1047:Medicinal plants
1041:
1034:
1026:
1019:
1012:
984:
977:
963:
962:
950:
949:
937:
936:
924:
923:
911:
910:
898:
897:
885:
884:
872:
871:
859:
858:
849:
848:
847:
821:
820:
808:
807:
798:
797:
788:
787:
775:
774:
765:
764:
752:
751:
739:
738:
726:
725:
713:
712:
700:
699:
687:
686:
674:
673:
661:
660:
648:
647:
635:
634:
622:
621:
609:
608:
596:
595:
583:
582:
570:
569:
560:
559:
547:
546:
534:
533:
521:
520:
508:
507:
498:
497:
485:
484:
472:
471:
462:
461:
460:
447:
446:
445:
415:
414:
372:USDA Plant Guide
359:
356:
350:
347:
341:
338:
332:
329:
190:
78:
77:
57:
54:
53:
35:
21:
20:
1215:
1214:
1210:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1205:
1204:
1140:Flora of Nevada
1090:
1089:
1088:
1087:
1031:
1030:
973:
971:
966:
958:
953:
945:
940:
932:
927:
919:
914:
906:
901:
893:
888:
880:
875:
867:
862:
854:
852:
843:
842:
837:
824:
816:
811:
803:
801:
793:
791:
783:
778:
770:
768:
760:
755:
747:
742:
734:
729:
721:
716:
708:
703:
695:
690:
682:
677:
669:
664:
656:
651:
643:
638:
630:
625:
617:
612:
604:
599:
591:
586:
578:
573:
565:
563:
555:
550:
542:
537:
529:
524:
516:
511:
503:
501:
493:
488:
480:
475:
467:
465:
456:
455:
450:
441:
440:
435:
422:
368:
363:
362:
357:
353:
349:Stevenson, p.88
348:
344:
339:
335:
330:
326:
321:
312:nixtamalization
304:
285:
250:
238:Chenopodioideae
202:
192:
186:
173:
72:
64:
55:
51:
44:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1213:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1086:
1085:
1078:
1071:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1042:
1029:
1028:
1021:
1014:
1006:
1003:
1002:
985:
968:
967:
965:
964:
960:wfo-0000580370
951:
938:
925:
912:
899:
886:
873:
860:
850:
834:
832:
826:
825:
823:
822:
818:wfo-0000555884
809:
799:
789:
776:
766:
753:
740:
727:
714:
701:
688:
675:
662:
649:
636:
623:
610:
597:
584:
571:
561:
548:
535:
522:
509:
499:
486:
473:
463:
448:
432:
430:
424:
423:
412:
411:
406:
398:
390:
382:
374:
367:
366:External links
364:
361:
360:
351:
342:
333:
323:
322:
320:
317:
303:
300:
284:
281:
249:
246:
232:in the family
204:
203:
193:
182:
181:
175:
174:
167:
165:
161:
160:
153:
149:
148:
143:
139:
138:
136:Caryophyllales
133:
129:
128:
123:
116:
115:
110:
103:
102:
97:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
66:
65:
49:
46:
45:
40:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1212:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1084:
1079:
1077:
1072:
1070:
1065:
1064:
1058:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1043:
1040:
1036:
1035:
1027:
1022:
1020:
1015:
1013:
1008:
1007:
1001:
999:
995:
992:article is a
991:
990:Amaranthaceae
986:
983:
979:
978:
974:
961:
956:
952:
948:
943:
939:
935:
930:
926:
922:
917:
913:
909:
904:
900:
896:
891:
887:
883:
878:
874:
870:
865:
861:
857:
851:
846:
840:
836:
835:
833:
831:
827:
819:
814:
810:
806:
800:
796:
790:
786:
781:
777:
773:
767:
763:
758:
754:
750:
745:
741:
737:
732:
728:
724:
719:
715:
711:
706:
702:
698:
693:
689:
685:
680:
676:
672:
667:
663:
659:
654:
650:
646:
641:
637:
633:
628:
624:
620:
615:
611:
607:
602:
598:
594:
589:
585:
581:
576:
572:
568:
562:
558:
553:
549:
545:
540:
536:
532:
527:
523:
519:
514:
510:
506:
500:
496:
491:
487:
483:
478:
474:
470:
464:
459:
453:
449:
444:
438:
434:
433:
431:
429:
425:
421:
416:
410:
407:
405:
404:
399:
397:
396:
391:
389:
388:
383:
381:
380:
375:
373:
370:
369:
355:
346:
337:
328:
324:
316:
313:
309:
299:
297:
293:
292:
276:
272:
269:
266:
264:
260:
259:
254:
245:
243:
242:United States
239:
235:
234:Amaranthaceae
231:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
211:
201:
197:
191:
189:
183:
180:
179:Binomial name
176:
172:
171:
166:
163:
162:
159:
158:
154:
151:
150:
147:
146:Amaranthaceae
144:
141:
140:
137:
134:
131:
130:
127:
124:
121:
118:
117:
114:
111:
108:
105:
104:
101:
100:Tracheophytes
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
76:
71:
67:
61:
47:
43:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
1055:expanding it
1044:
998:expanding it
987:
972:
829:
427:
402:
394:
386:
378:
354:
345:
336:
327:
305:
290:
286:
270:
267:
256:
252:
251:
222:
218:
214:
209:
208:
207:
187:
185:
169:
168:
156:
119:
106:
93:
24:
18:
736:kew-2665120
679:NatureServe
627:iNaturalist
452:Wikispecies
308:Zuni people
248:Description
236:(subfamily
113:Angiosperms
60:NatureServe
1094:Categories
731:Plant List
502:Calflora:
377:Calflora:
319:References
306:Among the
289:sagebrush—
263:polyploidy
845:Q50829076
645:1175090-2
593:242100016
575:FloraBase
296:shadscale
227:evergreen
164:Species:
83:Kingdom:
1105:Atriplex
947:50110839
942:Tropicos
839:Wikidata
792:VASCAN:
780:Tropicos
769:SEINet:
684:2.158547
658:10589447
443:Q2878841
437:Wikidata
258:Atriplex
157:Atriplex
142:Family:
126:Eudicots
1185:Forages
921:42398-2
895:4037927
785:7200079
606:3083750
526:Ecocrop
283:Habitat
219:chamiza
215:chamiso
152:Genus:
132:Order:
87:Plantae
58: (
56:Secure
869:199078
856:185344
853:APDB:
744:PLANTS
710:352856
567:atrcan
564:FEIS:
544:586526
490:ARKive
482:128742
469:131459
466:APDB:
1045:This
988:This
802:WoI:
749:ATCA2
697:35922
671:20518
653:IRMNG
632:58113
580:16369
557:ATXCA
230:shrub
200:Nutt.
196:Pursh
120:Clade
107:Clade
94:Clade
1051:stub
994:stub
929:POWO
916:IPNI
908:8542
903:GRIN
890:GBIF
882:PQ4L
864:APNI
805:3254
795:4466
757:POWO
718:PfaF
692:NCBI
666:ITIS
640:IPNI
619:6000
614:GRIN
601:GBIF
552:EPPO
531:3540
518:JLB9
477:APNI
302:Uses
294:and
213:(or
955:WFO
877:CoL
813:WFO
772:127
588:FNA
539:EoL
513:CoL
505:967
1096::
957::
944::
931::
918::
905::
892::
879::
866::
841::
815::
782::
759::
746::
733::
720::
707::
694::
681::
668::
655::
642::
629::
616::
603::
590::
577::
554::
541::
528::
515::
492::
479::
454::
439::
298:.
244:.
221:,
217:,
198:)
122::
109::
96::
1082:e
1075:t
1068:v
1057:.
1025:e
1018:t
1011:v
1000:.
194:(
62:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
