226:
790:
735:
20:
786:(Vishnu's previous avatar) - surrenders to Krishna, who he realizes is none other than Vishnu. He returns the gem and gives Jambavati to Krishna. When the presumed dead Krishna returns to Dvaraka, a humiliated Satrajit begs his forgiveness and offers Satyabhama's hand in marriage along with the jewel.
824:
and pledged to take him back by donating wealth to him as much as
Krishna's weight. Krishna sat on one pan of a weighing scale and Satyabhama filled the other pan with all of the wealth, inherited from her father, but it could not equal Krishna's weight. The other wives, except Rukmini, followed suit
705:
The hierarchy of the wives is under three groups according to their regal status and symbolises
Krishna's sovereignty. In the first group, Rukmini, an avatar of the Material Prakriti (Shri), stands for the majesty and wealth of Krishna; Satyabhama, the avatar of the Elemental Prakriti
718:(the nobility) with Kalindi standing for the central kingdoms, Nagnajiti representing the eastern kingdoms (including the Solar dynasty) and Lakshmana representing the western side. The third group of wives consisted of Mitravinda and Bhadra, his patriarchal cousins representing his
406:
Pradyumna, Charudeshna, Sudeshna, Charudeha, Sushena, Charugupta, Bhadracharu, Charuvinda, Sucharu, Charu, Charumati (d) (VP); Pradyumna, Charudeshna (2 sons with the same name), Charubhadra, Charugarbha, Sudeshna, Druma, Sushena, Charuvinda, Charubahu, Charumati (d) (HV)
762:
defeat Rukmi and the other kings, who follow
Krishna and Rukmini. Rukmini is traditionally considered to be the favourite and the primary wife of Krishna, the latter's partiality towards her often provoking the ire of his second consort of Satyabhama.
829:
leaf in the other pan, as the symbol of her love; removing the wealth of
Satyabhama and the other queens from the pan. Krishna's pan was suddenly lifted into the air and the other pan touched the earth, even though only a tulasi leaf in it.
825:
but
Krishna's pan did not leave the ground. The wives requested Satyabhama to approach Rukmini. A helpless Satyabhama asked her foremost rival, Rukmini, for help. Rukmini had no wealth of her own. She chanted a prayer and put the holy
800:
Among the queens, Satyabhama is depicted to be the most beautiful and loving wife. Not only was
Satyabhama a very courageous and strong-willed woman, but she was also skillful in archery. She even accompanied Krishna to kill the demon
782:, the bear-king. When accused by Satrajit of stealing the jewel, Krishna goes in its search and finally following trials of the corpses of Prasena and the lion, confronts Jambavan. After 27/28 day duel, Jambavan - the devotee of
805:. While Krishna kills the demon in Krishna-oriented scriptures, Satyabhama, the manifestation of Bhudevi - the mother of Narakasura, kills the demon to fulfil a curse that he will be killed by his mother in
820:
Indian folktales often tell stories of
Krishna's competing wives, especially Rukmini and Satyabhama. A tale narrates how once Satyabhama, proud of her wealth, donated Krishna to the divine sage
746:
Rukmini, the chief consort of
Krishna, heard the tales of the hero and fell in love with him. While her parents consented to her wedding with her groom of choice, Rukmini's brother
778:, which the latter refuses and instead presents it to his brother Prasena. Prasena wears it on a hunting expedition, where he is killed by a lion, who is in turn killed by
1005:
The Body of God : An
Emperor's Palace for Krishna in Eighth-Century Kanchipuram: An Emperor's Palace for Krishna in Eighth-Century Kanchipuram
442:
Bhanu, Bhaimarika (VP); Bhanu, Bhimaratha, Rohita, Diptiman, Tamrapaksha, Jalantaka, Bhanu (d), Bhimanika (d), Tamrapani (d), Jalndhama (d) (HV)
581:
many sons headed by
Sangramajit (VP); Sangramajit, Satyajit, Senajit, Sapatnajit, Angada, Kumuda, Shveta and Shvetaa (d) (HV, Shaibya's )
1397:
1402:
1174:"Harivamsha Maha Puraaam - Vishnu Parvaharivamsha in the Mahabharata - Vishnuparva Chapter 103 - narration of the Vrishni race"
929:
573:
Chose Krishna as her husband in her svayamvara. Krishna defeated her brothers in a battle to take her away as they disapproved
1363:
1329:
1276:
1213:
1054:
1013:
983:
939:
912:
885:
440:
Bhanu, Subhanu, Svarbhanu, Prabhanu, Bhanuman, Chandrabhanu, Savitri, Brịhadbhanu, Atibhanu, Shribhanu and Pratibhanu. (BP);
902:
875:
877:
The Indian Subcontinent in Literature for Children and Young Adults: An Annotated Bibliography of English-language Books
213:
The texts also mention the many children Krishna fathered by the Ashtabharya, the most prominent being the crown-prince
956:
1292:
754:. Rukmini sent a message to Krishna to rescue her from her fate and wed her. Krishna abducted Rukmini during her
1151:
1229:
1125:
958:
Garuda Purana: Brahma Khanda: English Translation only without Slokas: English Translation only without Slokas
587:
114:
404:, Charudeshna, Sudeshna, Charudeha, Sucharu, Charugupta, Bhadracharu, Charuchandra, Vicharu and Charu (BP);
1392:
1264:
Puranic Encyclopaedia: a Comprehensive Dictionary with Special Reference to the Epic and Puranic Literature
1201:
Puranic Encyclopaedia: a Comprehensive Dictionary with Special Reference to the Epic and Puranic Literature
1042:
Puranic Encyclopaedia: a Comprehensive Dictionary with Special Reference to the Epic and Puranic Literature
544:
many sons headed by Bhadravinda (VP); Mitrabahu, Sunitha, Bhadrarakara, Bhadravinda, Bhadravati (d) (HV)
1173:
671:
618:
134:
118:
1317:
1155:
1129:
471:
49:
1268:
1205:
1046:
844:
207:
640:
Sangramajit, Brihatsena, Shura, Praharana, Arijit, Jaya, Subhadra, Vama, Ayur and Satyaka (BP)
610:
Praghosha, Gatravan, Simha, Bala, Prabala, Urdhvaga, Mahashakti, Saha, Oja and Aparajita (BP);
474:, Sumitra, Purujit, Shatajit, Sahasrajit, Vijaya, Chitraketu, Vasuman, Dravida and Kratu (BP);
1319:
1318:
Brenda E. F. Beck; Peter J. Claus; Praphulladatta Goswami; Jawaharlal Handoo (15 April 1999).
1003:
392:
Rukmini heroically eloped with her love Krishna, when she was being forced into marriage with
1353:
186:, the third wife, a Yadava princess, is considered as Lakshmi's aspect of the earth-goddess
1077:
685:
Krishna married her after defeating Narakasura (when considered leader of junior wives)(BP)
579:
Vrika, Harsha, Anila, Gridhra, Vardhana, Unnada, Mahamsa, Pavana, Vahni and Kshudhi (BP);
8:
1262:
1199:
1040:
794:
774:, father of Satyabhama. Krishna requests Satrajit to present the gem to the Yadava elder
612:
many sons headed by Gatravan (VP); Gatravan, Gatragupta, Gatravinda, Gatravati (d) (HV)
203:
199:
102:
76:
766:
The marriage of Satyabhama and Jambavati to Krishna is closely linked to the story of
1359:
1325:
1272:
1209:
1050:
1009:
979:
935:
908:
881:
542:
Vira, Chandra, Ashvasena, Citragu, Vegavan, Vrsha, Ama, Shanku, Vasu and Kunti (BP);
40:
710:), represents the kingdom and the realm of the deity as well. Jambavati is Victory (
225:
508:
Shruta, Kavi, Vrsa, Vira, Subahu, Bhadra, Santi, Darsa, Purnamasa and Somaka (BP);
285:
85:
1071:
973:
714:), who was won by defeating her father. The second group were representatives of
187:
28:
558:
1386:
839:
301:
123:
758:, after battling her brother Rukmi. Krishna's army commanded by his brother
723:
476:
sons headed by Samba (VP); Samba, Mitravan, Mitravinda, Mitravati (d) (HV)
567:
317:
80:
1296:
1258:
1195:
1036:
604:
Abducted from her svayamvara. Krishna defeat rival suitors in the pursuit
293:
1147:
1121:
849:
802:
793:
Krishna and Satyabhama fighting Narakasura's armies -Painting from the
767:
755:
751:
550:
533:
431:
413:
393:
183:
110:
98:
1159:
789:
734:
715:
516:
448:
401:
386:
309:
214:
191:
129:
106:
94:
206:, is worshipped independently. Besides the Ashtabharya, Krishna had
194:
is believed to be the manifestation of the third aspect of Lakshmi,
1233:
1133:
779:
775:
771:
759:
563:
459:
424:
381:
195:
171:
141:
64:
19:
1099:
814:
770:, the precious diamond given by the Sun-god Surya to his devotee
739:
707:
496:
482:
373:
230:
179:
167:
153:
90:
68:
24:
821:
806:
719:
626:
524:
234:
149:
72:
817:
tree for her after he had previously acquired it for Rukmini.
826:
810:
747:
595:
492:
145:
1355:
The Goddess in India: The Five Faces of the Eternal Feminine
1073:
The Vishńu Puráńa: a system of Hindu mythology and tradition
332:
229:
Krishna with his two principal queens. (From left) Rukmini,
1295:. Bhaktivedanta VedaBase: Śrīmad Bhāgavatam. Archived from
1232:. Bhaktivedanta VedaBase: Srimad Bhagavatam. Archived from
854:
783:
510:
sons headed by Shruta (VP); Ashruta and Shrutasammita (HV)
161:
157:
813:, the king of heaven and the gods and gets the celestial
465:
Married off to Krishna by her father (Syamantaka episode)
272:
d: daughter, unless specified otherwise, child is a son.
931:
Holy People of the World: A Cross-cultural Encyclopedia
907:(Improvised ed.). Lulu.com. pp. xcviii (98).
54:
1069:
809:
texts. At Satyabhama's behest, Krishna also defeats
31:
depicting Krishna with his eight principal consorts.
1358:. Inner Traditions / Bear & Co. pp. 26–7.
137:, instead of Bhadra. Most of them were princesses.
975:Pradyumna: Lover, Magician, and Son of the Avatara
631:Dhrishtaketu(f), Shrutakirti (m) - Krishna's aunt
63:is the group of eight principal queen-consorts of
1351:
1100:"The Genealogical Table of the Family of Krishna"
178:) of Dvaraka. She is considered as the avatar of
1384:
502:Performed austerities to gain Krishna as husband
1001:
592:Lakshana, Charuhasini, Madri (BP), Madraa (BP)
1345:
1311:
83:(epoch). The most popular list, found in the
1324:. University of Chicago Press. p. 156.
997:
995:
665:Vrikashva, Vrikanivriti and Vrikadipti (HV)
566:(f), Rajadhidevi (m) - Krishna's aunt (BP),
144:, all of Krishna's chief consorts including
1267:. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. pp.
1008:. Oxford University Press. pp. 263–4.
245:
1204:. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. p.
1166:
1045:. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. p.
174:was Krishna's first wife and chief queen (
164:are considered as Radha's manifestations.
16:Eight principal wives of Hindu god Krishna
1063:
992:
1253:
1251:
1222:
1092:
788:
733:
251:Not always included in Ashtabharya list
224:
133:, which includes queens called Madri or
18:
927:
873:
555:Sudatta (VP), Shaibya or Shaivya (BP),
487:Yamuna, identified with Mitravinda (HV)
1385:
1352:Devdutt Pattanaik (1 September 2000).
1146:
1120:
971:
900:
693:Diptiman, Tamrapaksha and others (VP)
691:Diptiman, Tamratapta and others (BP);
430:Married off to Krishna by her father (
1248:
1230:"Chapter 53: Krishna Kidnaps Rukmini"
972:Austin, Christopher R. (2019-10-04).
954:
601:Brihatsena (f) (PP), unnamed (f) (BP)
453:Narendraputri, Kapindraputri, Pauravi
1257:
1194:
1176:. Mahabharata Resources Organization
1035:
750:fixed her marriage with his friend
13:
1398:Characters in the Bhagavata Purana
1293:"Chapter 56: The Syamantaka Jewel"
1002:D Dennis Hudson (27 August 2008).
901:Thakur, Pradeep (6 January 2012).
14:
1414:
378:Vaidarbhi, Visalakshi, Bhaishmaki
208:16,000 or 16,100 ceremonial wives
663:many sons headed by Vrika (VP);
598:(BP), unknown (VP, HV), Gandhara
1285:
1188:
1140:
1114:
738:Rukmini as the main consort of
634:Married by brothers to Krishna.
418:Suganthi, Kamalakshi, Satrajiti
1029:
965:
948:
921:
894:
880:. Greenwood Publishing Group.
867:
1:
1403:Characters in the Mahabharata
1070:Horace Hayman Wilson (1870).
955:Books, Kausiki (2021-07-11).
860:
742:, a regional form of Krishna.
182:, the goddess of prosperity.
928:Jestice, Phyllis G. (2004).
700:
365:
360:
355:
350:
345:
340:
335:
7:
1152:"Bhagavata Purana 10.58.56"
1126:"Bhagavata Purana 10.61.17"
978:. Oxford University Press.
833:
233:, Satyabhama and his mount
202:, the goddess of the river
55:
10:
1419:
729:
220:
121:. Variations exist in the
934:. ABC-CLIO. p. 316.
44:
1156:Bhaktivedanta Book Trust
1130:Bhaktivedanta Book Trust
904:Vikram & the Vampire
536:by defeating seven bulls
275:?: Statement is disputed
874:Khorana, Meena (1991).
845:Junior wives of Krishna
421:Part of the Yadava clan
797:
743:
532:Won by Krishna in her
238:
32:
792:
737:
228:
22:
1299:on 28 September 2011
1076:. Trübner. pp.
1393:Consorts of Krishna
795:Metropolitan Museum
539:BP, Mbh (?), VP, HV
148:are revered as the
1321:Folktales of India
1236:on 18 January 2013
798:
744:
239:
217:, son of Rukmini.
170:, the princess of
33:
1365:978-0-89281-807-5
1331:978-0-226-04083-7
1278:978-0-8426-0822-0
1215:978-0-8426-0822-0
1056:978-0-8426-0822-0
1015:978-0-19-970902-1
985:978-0-19-005411-3
941:978-1-57607-355-1
914:978-1-105-42303-1
887:978-0-313-25489-5
698:
697:
255:
254:
53:
23:Ashtabharya with
1410:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1349:
1343:
1342:
1340:
1338:
1315:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1289:
1283:
1282:
1255:
1246:
1245:
1243:
1241:
1226:
1220:
1219:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1158:. Archived from
1144:
1138:
1137:
1132:. Archived from
1118:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1096:
1090:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1067:
1061:
1060:
1033:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1022:
999:
990:
989:
969:
963:
962:
961:. Kausiki Books.
952:
946:
945:
925:
919:
918:
898:
892:
891:
871:
357:Mode of marriage
333:
286:Bhagavata Purana
246:
86:Bhagavata Purana
58:
48:
46:
1418:
1417:
1413:
1412:
1411:
1409:
1408:
1407:
1383:
1382:
1381:
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1368:
1366:
1350:
1346:
1336:
1334:
1332:
1316:
1312:
1302:
1300:
1291:
1290:
1286:
1279:
1256:
1249:
1239:
1237:
1228:
1227:
1223:
1216:
1193:
1189:
1179:
1177:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1145:
1141:
1119:
1115:
1105:
1103:
1102:. Krsnabook.com
1098:
1097:
1093:
1083:
1081:
1068:
1064:
1057:
1034:
1030:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1000:
993:
986:
970:
966:
953:
949:
942:
926:
922:
915:
899:
895:
888:
872:
868:
863:
836:
807:Goddess-centric
732:
703:
607:BP, Mbh, VP, HV
576:BP, Mbh, VP, HV
521:Satya, Kausalya
468:BP, Mbh, VP, HV
437:BP, Mbh, VP, HV
398:BP, Mbh, VP, HV
223:
152:of the goddess
61:Ashta-bharya(s)
29:Mysore painting
27:- 19th Century
17:
12:
11:
5:
1416:
1406:
1405:
1400:
1395:
1379:
1378:
1364:
1344:
1330:
1310:
1284:
1277:
1247:
1221:
1214:
1187:
1165:
1162:on 2010-10-17.
1139:
1136:on 2012-04-10.
1113:
1091:
1062:
1055:
1028:
1014:
991:
984:
964:
947:
940:
920:
913:
893:
886:
865:
864:
862:
859:
858:
857:
852:
847:
842:
835:
832:
731:
728:
702:
699:
696:
695:
689:
686:
683:
680:
677:
674:
668:
667:
661:
658:
655:
652:
651:Madra (VP, HV)
649:
646:
642:
641:
638:
635:
632:
629:
624:
621:
615:
614:
608:
605:
602:
599:
593:
590:
584:
583:
577:
574:
571:
561:
556:
553:
547:
546:
540:
537:
530:
527:
522:
519:
513:
512:
506:
503:
500:
490:
488:
485:
479:
478:
469:
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457:
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451:
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438:
435:
428:
422:
419:
416:
410:
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384:
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376:
370:
369:
364:
359:
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349:
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331:
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324:
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321:
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305:
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278:
277:
276:
273:
270:
267:
260:
259:
253:
252:
249:
244:
243:
222:
219:
71:, the king of
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1415:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1388:
1367:
1361:
1357:
1356:
1348:
1333:
1327:
1323:
1322:
1314:
1298:
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1288:
1280:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1265:
1260:
1254:
1252:
1235:
1231:
1225:
1217:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1191:
1175:
1169:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1143:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1117:
1101:
1095:
1079:
1075:
1074:
1066:
1058:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1038:
1032:
1017:
1011:
1007:
1006:
998:
996:
987:
981:
977:
976:
968:
960:
959:
951:
943:
937:
933:
932:
924:
916:
910:
906:
905:
897:
889:
883:
879:
878:
870:
866:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
840:Ashta Lakshmi
838:
837:
831:
828:
823:
818:
816:
812:
808:
804:
796:
791:
787:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
764:
761:
757:
753:
749:
741:
736:
727:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
694:
690:
687:
684:
681:
678:
676:Jambavati (?)
675:
673:
670:
669:
666:
662:
659:
656:
653:
650:
647:
644:
643:
639:
636:
633:
630:
628:
625:
622:
620:
617:
616:
613:
609:
606:
603:
600:
597:
594:
591:
589:
586:
585:
582:
578:
575:
572:
569:
565:
562:
560:
557:
554:
552:
549:
548:
545:
541:
538:
535:
531:
528:
526:
523:
520:
518:
515:
514:
511:
507:
504:
501:
498:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
480:
477:
473:
470:
467:
464:
461:
458:
455:
452:
450:
447:
446:
443:
439:
436:
433:
429:
426:
423:
420:
417:
415:
412:
411:
408:
403:
400:
397:
395:
391:
388:
385:
383:
380:
377:
375:
372:
371:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
334:
329:
326:
325:
320:
319:
314:
312:
311:
306:
304:
303:
302:Vishnu Purana
298:
296:
295:
290:
288:
287:
282:
281:
279:
274:
271:
268:
265:
264:
262:
261:
258:Abbreviations
257:
256:
250:
248:
247:
241:
240:
236:
232:
227:
218:
216:
211:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
138:
136:
132:
131:
126:
125:
124:Vishnu Purana
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
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1354:
1347:
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1320:
1313:
1301:. Retrieved
1297:the original
1287:
1263:
1259:Mani, Vettam
1238:. Retrieved
1234:the original
1224:
1200:
1196:Mani, Vettam
1190:
1178:. Retrieved
1168:
1160:the original
1142:
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1116:
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1094:
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1072:
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1037:Mani, Vettam
1031:
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1004:
974:
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950:
930:
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896:
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869:
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765:
745:
722:clan called
711:
704:
692:
664:
648:Subhima (HV)
611:
580:
543:
529:Nagnajit (f)
509:
475:
441:
405:
366:
362:Attestations
361:
356:
351:
346:
341:
336:
318:Padma Purana
316:
308:
300:
292:
284:
212:
175:
166:
139:
128:
122:
89:, includes:
84:
81:Dvapara Yuga
60:
36:
34:
1303:27 February
1084:21 February
688:BP, VP, Mbh
347:Princess of
294:Mahabharata
280:Scriptures
37:Ashtabharya
1387:Categories
1180:25 January
1148:Prabhupada
1122:Prabhupada
1106:5 February
861:References
850:Ashtasakhi
803:Narakasura
768:Syamantaka
756:svayamvara
752:Shishupala
551:Mitravinda
534:svayamvara
432:Syamantaka
414:Satyabhama
394:Shishupala
184:Satyabhama
156:while the
111:Mitravinda
99:Satyabhama
77:Saurashtra
56:Aṣṭabhāryā
45:अष्टभार्या
1240:7 January
1080:–3, 107–8
716:Aryavarta
701:Symbolism
588:Lakshmana
517:Nagnajiti
449:Jambavati
434:episode)
402:Pradyumna
387:Bhishmaka
310:Harivamsa
269:m: mother
266:f: father
263:General:
215:Pradyumna
192:Jambavati
130:Harivamsa
115:Lakshmana
107:Nagnajiti
95:Jambavati
50:romanized
1261:(1975).
1198:(1975).
1039:(1975).
1021:28 March
834:See also
815:parijata
780:Jambavan
776:Ugrasena
772:Satrajit
760:Balarama
564:Jayasena
499:(m) (BP)
460:Jambavan
425:Satrajit
382:Vidarbha
367:Children
342:Epithets
196:Niladevi
172:Vidarbha
142:Hinduism
127:and the
41:Sanskrit
740:Vithoba
730:Legends
724:Satvata
708:Bhudevi
637:BP, Mbh
623:Kaikeyi
497:Saranyu
483:Kalindi
374:Rukmini
352:Parents
231:Krishna
221:Summary
200:Kalindi
188:Bhudevi
180:Sridevi
176:Patrani
168:Rukmini
154:Lakshmi
150:avatars
103:Kalindi
91:Rukmini
79:in the
73:Dvaraka
69:Krishna
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25:Krishna
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827:tulasi
822:Narada
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712:Vijaya
672:Rohini
660:VP, HV
627:Kekaya
619:Bhadra
559:Avanti
525:Kosala
505:BP, VP
235:Garuda
204:Yamuna
135:Rohini
119:Bhadra
1371:1 May
1337:1 May
1269:704-5
811:Indra
748:Rukmi
645:Madri
596:Madra
568:Shibi
495:(f),
493:Surya
472:Samba
327:Table
291:Mbh:
158:Gopis
146:Radha
65:Hindu
59:) or
1373:2013
1360:ISBN
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1326:ISBN
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1242:2013
1210:ISBN
1182:2013
1108:2013
1086:2013
1051:ISBN
1023:2013
1010:ISBN
980:ISBN
936:ISBN
909:ISBN
882:ISBN
855:Gopi
784:Rama
570:(HV)
337:Name
315:PP:
307:HV:
299:VP:
283:BP:
162:Braj
117:and
67:god
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242:Key
160:of
140:In
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