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consequence of indignities offered to
General Charles Lee, a prisoner at New York, he harboured no resentments, and considered his sufferings rather the effect of necessity, than wilful persecution. Oppression was foreign to his nature, and incompatible with his practice. He made proper allowance for an attachment to cherished principles nor with-held his applause from those who bravely supported them. He used no threats to gain proselytes, no artifice to ensnare them. Such of the inhabitants as voluntarily made a tender of service, were favourably received; but he was ever disinclined to invite them to take up arms in the British cause, lest in the fluctuating councils of his governments, he should lead them to destruction. He had too frequently seen them lavished of professions of permanent support, leaving their deluded adherents to the mercy of the government, which, in an evil hour, they had abandoned. The friends of our independence had everything to dread from his wisdom and humanity, but their alarm was short of duration. Lieutenant Colonel Campbell had too nice a sense of honour to be made instrument of injustice and oppression, and he was speedily called upon to relinquish his command, to a superior, less scrupulous and better disposed to second the harsh measures of the Commander in Chief.
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and constituted an orphanage. In fact, there was hardly a department of the civil administration in which he did not labour to secure improvement and order. Madras sustained a serious loss when, overcome by illness, he was forced to leave India in
February 1789, retiring from the post of governor in
800:
protested that it had not intended to cause undue suffering to
Campbell. By May, Campbell was living at the jailer's tavern, a marked improvement to his previous solitary confinement. Soon afterwards he was granted total freedom within the confine of the town of Concord, and during these years as a
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As conqueror of
Savannah, his immediate care was to soften the asperities of war, and to reconcile to his equitable government, those who had submitted, in the first instance, to the superiority of his arms. Though but lately released from close and rigorous confinement, which he had suffered in
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Campbell's wife, Amelia, and her sister, only just managed to join him in
Jamaica. The crossing was perilous and their convoy came under fire from a joint French and Spanish fleet, and their ship was the only one to get through. On returning from Jamaica, Campbell was awarded as Knight of the
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described
Campbell as "the most brilliant of the engineers who served in India during the eighteenth century". Following a cold caught coming up from Scotland, he died the following year, 31 March 1791, at his newly purchased London home on Upper Grosvenor Street, bought from the
1000:, and no serious military operations were undertaken until renewed hostilities against that state became inevitable at the end of 1789. In 1786, Campbell, who was now a well known and highly respected figure, was appointed
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referred to
Campbell's concern for the civil population and lack of bitterness towards his former captors. He also revealed how the Patriots feared Campbell as a commander of great ability. Greene related of Campbell:
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Following his exciting electoral victory, Colonel
Campbell left his elder brother, Sir James Campbell (1737–1805) of Killean, to keep his parliamentary seat warm and sailed for America in command of the
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1100:. Romney produced several versions of the final portrait; the principal one was bought for 70 guineas by Lady Campbell from Romney via a forwarding agent in 1791, which is now owned by the
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He ended the
American Revolution as lieutenant governor and major general in Jamaica (1779–81). At a time of great importance, Campbell (now a major-general in the army) was appointed
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and governor of Madras. Throughout his term of office, the country had a rest from the devastating wars, and so he devoted himself to the development of peaceful institutions.
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945:. But Campbell laid his plans so well. He was so successful in raising native troops, and was so untiring in his vigilance that the French did not dare attack
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In 1774, after an unusually bitter electoral battle with
Colonel James Masterton (1715–1777), of Newton, Colonel Archibald Campbell (now styled 'of
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by sending them information, re-inforcements and supplies. By lending some of his troops to serve as marines, he materially aided
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He founded a military board which absorbed the duties of the Committee of Works; a hospital board, a board of revenue and a
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in 1781. The British forces in America were faring ill: the French had joined the insurgents and threatened the
686:, Campbell laid the foundation of his wealth. With Captain Henry Watson, he privately invested in a dockyard at
576:), Commissary of the Western Isles of Scotland, and Elizabeth (died 1790), daughter of James Fisher, Provost of
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in London (FDA-1970-12-13) – it was until December 2008 on display as part of its permanent display on the
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and Hon. Amelia Murray, the sister of Amelia Campbell's influential great uncle and guardian,
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was erected in the Abbey in 1795. Also buried in the Abbey are his nephew, Lt.-General
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of his situation. There then ensued complaints and correspondence between Howe and
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He sat for thirteen sittings from January to May 1790 for a portrait by artist
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Returning to Britain, in July 1779, he married Amelia (1755–1813), daughter of
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At the same time, Campbell did what he could to assist the British troops in
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Campbell and his wife died without children, and they were both buried at
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Six months after his release, Campbell was ordered to lead 3,000 men from
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officer, colonial administrator and politician who served as governor of
1108:. Three other copies are attested, one of which is now displayed in the
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766:, Campbell was captured by the Americans and held prisoner until 1778.
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Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for Scottish constituencies
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Campbell's capture coincided with the British capture of the American
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was in progress. In 1776, after a battle aboard a vessel in
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British Army officer, colonial administrator and politician
1279:
Davis, Robert S. (Spring 1982). "Portrait of a Governor".
655:. He participated in a number of raids along the coast of
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1776:
British Army personnel of the American Revolutionary War
1151:"CAMPBELL, Archibald (1739–91), of Inverneil, Argyll. "
1287:(1). Atlanta, Ga.: Atlanta Historical Society: 45–48.
702:. He spent over £30,000 purchasing the estates of the
30:
For Major-General Archibald Campbell (1774–1838), see
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1044:On returning home, Campbell acquired the office of
1345:"Archival material relating to Archibald Campbell"
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548:. He was also a major landowner in Scotland and a
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869:his lieutenant and successor before returning to
796:By the following month Washington intervened and
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805:he was able to purchase the Knap estate back in
418:General George Campbell of Inverneill, C.B., K.A
1816:British Army personnel of the Seven Years' War
1040:Archibald Campbell memorial, Westminster Abbey
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694:. Campbell used his wealth to become a major
1258:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
756:71st Regiment of Foot, Fraser's Highlanders
1831:Colonial governors of Georgia (U.S. state)
1811:Knights Companion of the Order of the Bath
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817:Battle of Savannah and Governor of Georgia
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1338:Archibald Campbell (British Army officer)
785:Jail, an outraged Campbell complained to
667:Campbell, was made chief engineer of the
564:Archibald was baptized 24 August 1739 at
87:Learn how and when to remove this message
18:Archibald Campbell (British Army officer)
1191:"Sir Archibald & Sir James Campbell"
1035:
901:. Mrs Campbell was the niece of Admiral
829:, and in late December his army won the
643:. In 1758, he was commissioned into the
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442:Colonel Duncan Carter-Campbell of Possil
437:General Sir James Campbell of Inverneill
50:This article includes a list of general
1796:Military personnel from Argyll and Bute
1255:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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532:(21 August 1739 – 31 March 1791) was a
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1361:Sir Archibald Campbell of Inverneill
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996:was exhausted after the war against
616:, circa 1759 as sketched by Campbell
422:Colonel Alexander Campbell of Possil
36:
1841:Politics of Stirling (council area)
1308:Davis, Robert S. (9 October 2008).
745:acted as Campbell's legal advisor.
659:, as well as in expeditions in the
594:Henry Dundas, 1st Viscount Melville
24:
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714:. He also purchased the houses of
56:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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833:, followed by another victory at
554:House of Commons of Great Britain
1836:18th-century Scottish landowners
1510:74th (Highland) Regiment of Foot
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1310:"Archibald Campbell (1739-1791)"
1078:Sir James Campbell of Inverneill
809:. On 6 May 1778, he was finally
641:Royal Military Academy, Woolwich
580:. He grew up with his family at
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41:
905:, and by him a first cousin of
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1153:. History of Parliament Online
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962:François Joseph Paul de Grasse
427:General George Carter-Campbell
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1072:. A memorial by the sculptor
887:Principal Painter in Ordinary
647:. He served with them in the
1861:Burials at Westminster Abbey
1272:UK public library membership
1080:and his wife's kinsmen, the
895:Alexander Lindsay of Evelick
7:
1766:British Army major generals
1370:Parliament of Great Britain
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663:. A decade later, in 1768,
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1281:Atlanta Historical Journal
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1106:American Revolutionary War
960:in his great victory over
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760:American Revolutionary War
669:British East India Company
515:American Revolutionary War
432:Willoughby Harcourt Carter
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1826:71st Highlanders officers
1821:Bengal Engineers officers
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1122:Carter-Campbell of Possil
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949:without re-inforcements.
925:, of which they captured
777:and the American General
737:, aided by his guardian,
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1578:Campbell of Barrichbeyan
1314:New Georgia Encyclopedia
1025:astronomical observatory
972:from a French invasion.
639:, and afterwards at the
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465:Kingdom of Great Britain
392:Upper Grosvenor Street,
1846:Scottish civil servants
1613:Campbell of Auchinbreck
1583:Campbell of Breadalbane
1252:"Campbell, Archibald".
1110:National Gallery of Art
651:and was wounded at the
556:between 1774 and 1791.
71:more precise citations.
1046:Usher of the White Rod
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867:Jacques Marcus Prevost
861:He became provisional
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793:on Campbell's behalf.
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527:Sir Archibald Campbell
345:Jacques Marcus Prevost
127:Archibald Campbell by
1806:British MPs 1790–1796
1801:British MPs 1784–1790
1791:British MPs 1774–1780
1761:People from Inveraray
1690:Innis Chonnell Castle
1593:Campbell of Glenorchy
1264:10.1093/ref:odnb/4479
1127:Campbell of Craignish
1048:. The Institution of
1039:
1011:. He reorganized the
966:Battle of the Saintes
854:
710:, Knap, Taynish, and
624:Campbell's sketch of
623:
608:A south west View of
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574:Campbell of Craignish
489:Years of service
1781:Governors of Jamaica
1608:Campbell of Strachur
1417:Member of Parliament
1386:Member of Parliament
1349:UK National Archives
1340:at Wikimedia Commons
1102:National Army Museum
907:Dido Elizabeth Belle
811:released in exchange
731:Member of Parliament
153:Member of Parliament
1598:Campbell of Loudoun
1453:Governor of Jamaica
1438:Government offices
1227:NGA catalogue entry
919:Governor of Jamaica
913:Governor of Jamaica
863:governor of Georgia
310:Governor of Georgia
268:Governor of Jamaica
1700:Carnasserie Castle
1603:Campbell of Possil
1588:Campbell of Cawdor
1573:Campbell of Argyll
1480:Governor of Madras
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1002:commander-in-chief
984:Governor of Madras
831:Battle of Savannah
749:Capture in America
637:Glasgow University
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584:, and enjoyed the
228:Governor of Madras
110:Archibald Campbell
1738:
1737:
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1517:Succeeded by
1497:Military offices
1487:Succeeded by
1460:Succeeded by
1428:Succeeded by
1397:Succeeded by
1336:Media related to
1270:(Subscription or
1195:Westminster Abbey
1082:Earl of Mansfield
1066:Handel's Monument
1062:Westminster Abbey
978:Order of the Bath
847:to Major-General
813:for Ethan Allen.
791:George Washington
739:Viscount Melville
628:'s expedition to
612:in the Island of
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408:Westminster Abbey
143:in the background
133:Order of the Bath
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16:(Redirected from
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1675:Inveraray Castle
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1446:John Dalling
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1384:
1318:the original
1313:
1284:
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1253:
1233:
1222:
1210:
1198:. Retrieved
1194:
1155:. Retrieved
1145:
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987:
974:
951:
916:
885:of Kinkell,
883:Allan Ramsay
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844:aide-de-camp
842:
839:Lee's Legion
820:
795:
768:
758:, where the
752:
724:
681:
677:Fort William
635:Educated at
634:
600:Early career
563:
534:British Army
526:
525:
507:Battles/wars
483:British Army
388:(1791-03-31)
340:Succeeded by
333:James Wright
317:
298:Succeeded by
291:John Dalling
275:
258:Succeeded by
235:
218:Succeeded by
197:
185:Succeeded by
164:
98:
83:
77:October 2023
74:
55:
1756:1791 deaths
1751:1739 births
1639:Breadalbane
1032:Final years
779:Charles Lee
775:Ethan Allen
720:Queensferry
661:West Indies
328:Preceded by
286:Preceded by
246:Preceded by
208:Preceded by
175:Preceded by
135:, and with
69:introducing
1745:Categories
1514:1787–1791
1484:1786–1789
1457:1781–1784
1425:1789–1791
1394:1774–1780
1274:required.)
1215:Davis 1982
1175:Davis 1982
1157:3 December
1138:References
943:Montserrat
891:George III
727:Inverneill
708:Inverneill
688:Kidderpore
626:Lord Rollo
614:Guadaloupe
610:Fort Royal
453:Allegiance
366:1739-08-21
52:references
1629:Inveraray
1301:989669753
1293:0896-3975
1200:16 August
968:, saving
935:St. Kitts
696:landowner
586:patronage
578:Inveraray
566:Inveraray
550:White Rod
492:1758–1789
414:Relations
373:Inveraray
322:1778–1779
318:In office
280:1781–1784
276:In office
240:1786–1789
236:In office
202:1774–1780
198:In office
169:1789–1791
165:In office
1659:Strachur
1566:Branches
1116:See also
1064:next to
877:Marriage
823:New York
798:Congress
733:for the
684:Calcutta
588:of both
570:Scotland
377:Scotland
1668:Castles
1649:Loudoun
1644:Kenmore
1246:Sources
970:Jamaica
964:at the
954:America
947:Jamaica
871:England
835:Augusta
827:Georgia
783:Concord
771:Patriot
665:Colonel
542:Jamaica
538:Georgia
398:England
65:improve
1654:Possil
1634:Cawdor
1299:
1291:
1268:
1092:Images
1028:1790.
1019:and a
1013:police
998:Mysore
994:Madras
927:Tobago
807:Argyll
700:Argyll
673:Bengal
657:France
546:Madras
544:, and
480:
462:
394:London
137:Madras
54:, but
1622:Lands
990:India
939:Nevis
773:hero
560:Birth
1419:for
1388:for
1297:OCLC
1289:ISSN
1202:2022
1159:2017
1084:and
1021:bank
941:and
841:and
718:and
712:Ulva
692:silk
592:and
497:Rank
383:Died
360:Born
155:for
1260:doi
1068:in
988:In
889:to
825:to
682:In
671:at
139:'s
106:Sir
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1285:26
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1193:.
1182:^
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