Anton Bruckner - Knowledge

599: 354: 257:) on 4 September 1824. The ancestors of Bruckner's family were farmers and craftsmen; their history can be traced as far back as the 16th century. They lived near a bridge south of Sindelburg, which led to their being called "Bruckhner an der Bruckhen" (bridgers on the bridge). Bruckner's grandfather was appointed schoolmaster in Ansfelden in 1776; this position was inherited by Bruckner's father, Anton Bruckner Sr., in 1823. It was a poorly paid but well-respected position in the rural environment. Bruckner Sr. married Therese Helm, and they had eleven children, Anton Bruckner being the eldest. 145: 616:. His interest in teenage girls seems to have been motivated by his fear of sin; he believed that (unlike older women) he could be certain that he was marrying a virgin. His unsuccessful proposals to teenagers continued when he was past his 70th birthday; one prospect, Berlin hotel chambermaid Ida Buhz, came near to marrying him but broke off the engagement when she refused to convert to Catholicism. He suffered from periodic attacks of depression, with his numerous failed attempts to find a female companion only adding to his unhappiness. 2426: 234: 1181:, Mark Evan Bonds called the Bruckner symphonies "monumental in scope and design, combining lyricism with an inherently polyphonic design... Bruckner favored an approach to large-scale form that relied more on large-scale thematic and harmonic juxtaposition. Over the course of his output, one senses an ever-increasing interest in cyclic integration that culminates in his masterpiece, the Symphony No. 8 in C minor, a work whose final page integrates the main themes of all four movements simultaneously." 284: 1461: 763: 123: 8445: 5997: 5005: 1830:

restoration of the organ and the institution of a Bruckner study center there. He also paid for the Haas collection of Bruckner's works to be published, and himself purchased material for the proposed library. Additionally, Hitler caused the founding of the Bruckner Symphony Orchestra, which began presenting concerts in Fall 1943. His plan for one of the bell towers in Linz to play a theme from Bruckner's Fourth Symphony never came to pass. The Adagio from

1185: 6007: 8507: 1165:

unprecedented that they were taken as evidence of sheer incompetence... Now it is recognized that Bruckner's unorthodox structural methods were inevitable... Bruckner created a new and monumental type of symphonic organism, which abjured the tense, dynamic continuity of Beethoven, and the broad, fluid continuity of Wagner, in order to express something profoundly different from either composer, something elemental and metaphysical.

669: 2989:. London: Universal Edition & Rockliff (1955): 101. "The Bruckner problem is ... complicated by the fact that not only did the composer often revise his own works but to a certain extent sanctioned the alterations, even those on the largest scale, which his pupils and others found it advisable to make. The case of Haydn is simpler, since we are not faced with two or more alternatives but with one." 8471: 40: 392:(WAB 29), written a year earlier, and was accepted. The education, which included skills in music theory and counterpoint among others, took place mostly via correspondence, but also included long in-person sessions in Vienna. Sechter's teaching would have a profound influence on Bruckner. Later, when Bruckner began teaching music himself, he would base his curriculum on Sechter's book 362:

continued to improve his education by taking further courses, passing an examination giving him permission to also teach in higher education institutes, receiving the grade "very good" in all disciplines. In 1848 Bruckner was appointed an organist in Sankt Florian and in 1851 this was made a regular position. In Sankt Florian, most of the repertoire consisted of the music of

8483: 317:. The living standards and pay were appalling and Bruckner was constantly humiliated by his superior, teacher Franz Fuchs. Despite the difficult situation, Bruckner never complained or rebelled; a belief in his own inferiority was to remain one of Bruckner's main personal traits during his whole life. He stayed at Windhaag from age 17 to 19, teaching general subjects. 8495: 735:"Bruckner expanded the concept of the symphonic form in ways that have never been witnessed before or since. ... When listening to a Bruckner symphony, one encounters some of the most complex symphonic writing ever created. As scholars study Bruckner's scores they continue to revel in the complexity of Bruckner's creative logic." 2398:, p. 70: "In July 1875 Bruckner ... proposed yet a third time to the university of Vienna that a lectureship in harmony and counterpoint be created, and at long last, despite Hanslick's opposition, his application was successful. Bruckner was appointed to the post, and on 25 November 1875 he gave his opening oration." 216:, who pointed to their large size and use of repetition, as well as to Bruckner's propensity for revising many of his works, often with the assistance of colleagues, and his apparent indecision about which versions he preferred. On the other hand, Bruckner was greatly admired by subsequent composers, including his friend 1215:"The Bruckner Problem" refers to the difficulties and complications resulting from the numerous contrasting versions and editions that exist for most of the symphonies. The term gained currency following the publication (in 1969) of an article dealing with the subject, "The Bruckner Problem Simplified" by 400: 676:

The revision issue has generated controversy. A common explanation for the multiple versions is that Bruckner was willing to revise his work on the basis of harsh, uninformed criticism from his colleagues. "The result of such advice was to awaken immediately all the insecurity in the non-musical part

305:

to become a choirboy. In addition to choir practice, his education included violin and organ lessons. Bruckner was in awe of the monastery's great organ, which was built during the late baroque era and rebuilt in 1837, and he sometimes played it during church services. Despite his musical abilities,

260:

Music was a part of the school curriculum, and Bruckner's father was his first music teacher. Bruckner learned to play the organ early as a child. He was very dedicated to the instrument just as he was later in life in composing, often practising for 12 hours a day. He entered school when he was six,

1520:

was mostly written for choral societies. The texts are always in German. Some of these works were written specifically for private occasions such as weddings, funerals, birthdays or name-days, many of these being dedicated to friends and acquaintances of the composer. This music is rarely performed.

1120:

alone succeeded in creating a new school of symphonic writing... Some have classified him as a conservative, some as a radical. Really he was neither, or alternatively was a fusion of both... is music, though Wagnerian in its orchestration and in its huge rising and falling periods, patently has its

1447:

was clearly meant for concert, rather than liturgical performance, and it is the only one of his Masses in which he set the first line of the Gloria, "Gloria in excelsis Deo", and of the Credo, "Credo in unum Deum", to music. In concert performances of the other Masses, these lines are intoned by a

1129:

as his starting-point... The introduction to the first movement, beginning mysteriously and climbing slowly with fragments of the first theme to the gigantic full statement of that theme, was taken over by Bruckner; so was the awe-inspiring coda of the first movement. The scherzo and slow movement,

611:

who made numerous unsuccessful marriage proposals to teenage girls. One such was the daughter of a friend, called Louise; in his grief he is believed to have written the cantata "Entsagen" (Renunciation). His affection for teenage girls led to an accusation of impropriety where he taught music, and

1829:

became enamored with the music of Bruckner, and, as a result, planned to convert the monastery of St. Florian in Linz – where Bruckner had played the organ, and where he was buried – into a repository of Bruckner's manuscripts. Hitler evicted the monks from the building and personally paid for the

1200:

gave a paper called "The Systematic Translation of Anton Bruckner's Eighth Symphony into a series of Thirteen Paintings" at the Bruckner Symposium in Linz Austria; here she structurally analyzed all of the Eighth Symphony's themes. She then proceeded to show how she mapped this musical data into a

555:

Biographers generally characterize Bruckner as a "simple" provincial man, and many biographers have complained that there is huge discrepancy between Bruckner's life and his work. For example, Karl Grebe said: "his life doesn't tell anything about his work, and his work doesn't tell anything about

818:

roll at the climax of the second movement). Bruckner's style of orchestral writing was criticized by his Viennese contemporaries (Eduard Hanslick and his circle), but by the middle of the twentieth century, musicologists recognized that his orchestration was modeled after the sound of his primary

710:

opposition and criticism, and many well-meaning exhortations to caution from his friends, he looked neither to right nor left, but simply got down to work on the next symphony." The matter of Bruckner's authentic texts and the reasons for his changes to them remains politicised and uncomfortable.

361:

After the Kronstorf period, Bruckner returned to Sankt Florian in 1845 where, for the next 10 years, he would work as a teacher and an organist. In May 1845, Bruckner passed an examination, which allowed him to begin work as an assistant teacher in one of the village schools of Sankt Florian. He

726: 2113:

Josef Bruckner had twelve children, and one of them, Anton, born in 1791, became a teacher like his father. ... In 1823 he married Therese Helm from Streyr, a marriage which was to be blessed with eleven children, ... Their eldest was Josef Anton, born on 4 September 1824 and named after his

1164:

Despite its general debt to Beethoven and Wagner, the "Bruckner Symphony" is a unique conception, not only because of the individuality of its spirit and its materials, but even more because of the absolute originality of its formal processes. At first, these processes seemed so strange and

709:

argued that Haas's explanation is at best idle speculation, at worst a shady justification of Haas's own editorial decisions. Also, it has been pointed out that Bruckner often started work on a symphony just days after finishing the one before. As Deryck Cooke writes, "In spite of continued

725: 1139:

about whom it is possible to make such generalizations. His symphonies deliberately followed a pattern, each one building on the achievements of its predecessors... His melodic and harmonic style changed little, and it had as much of Schubert in it as of Wagner... His technique in the

1848:

The approval by Hitler and the Nazis of his music did not hurt Bruckner's standing in the postwar media, and several movies and TV productions in Europe and the United States have used excerpts from his music ever since the 1950s, as they already did in the 1930s. Nor did the

612:

while he was exonerated, he decided to concentrate on teaching boys afterwards. His calendar for 1874 details the names of girls who appealed to him, and the list of such girls in all his diaries was very long. In 1880 he fell for a 17-year-old peasant girl in the cast of the

1656:, the stylistic examination of this "prelude" shows that it is all Bruckner's. Possibly Bruckner had given a draft-score to his pupil Krzyzanowski, which already contained the string parts and some important lines for woodwind and brass, as an exercise in instrumentation. 681:

writes. "Lacking all self-assurance in such matters, he felt obliged to bow to the opinions of his friends, 'the experts,' to permit ... revisions and even to help make them in some cases." This explanation was widely accepted when it was championed by Bruckner scholar

345:(WAB 4), which the young assistant teacher, out of line given his position, signed with "Anton Bruckner m.p.ria. Comp". This has been interpreted as a lone early sign of Bruckner's artistic ambitions. Otherwise, little is known of Bruckner's life plans and intentions. 201:, Bruckner showed respect, even humility, before other famous musicians, Wagner in particular. This apparent dichotomy between Bruckner the man and Bruckner the composer hampers efforts to describe his life in a way that gives a straightforward context for his music. 1776:

In 2011 it was decided to issue a new edition (editorial board: Paul Hawkshaw, Thomas Leibnitz, Andreas Lindner, Angela Pachovsky, Thomas Röder), which will include the content of the current edition and integrate it with sources that had been retrieved since its

627:

Bruckner died in Vienna in 1896 at the age of 72. He is buried in the crypt of the monastery church at Sankt Florian, immediately below his favorite organ. He had always had a fascination with death and dead bodies, and left explicit instructions regarding the

339:. Compared to the few works he wrote in Windhaag, the Kronstorf compositions from 1843 to 1845 show a significantly improved artistic ability, and finally the beginnings of what could be called "the Bruckner style". Among the Kronstorf works is the vocal piece 564:: "When the symphony was over," Richter related, "Bruckner came to me, his face beaming with enthusiasm and joy. I felt him press a coin into my hand. 'Take this' he said, 'and drink a glass of beer to my health.'" Richter, of course, accepted the coin, a 2423:. London: Ravette Books (1985):: 33. "it is generally said that Bruckner was a very simple man ... If, after listening to one of his symphonies, you still feel that he was simple, then you are not the kind of person who should be reading this book." 1173:

described parts of the first movements of Bruckner's sixth and seventh symphonies as follows: "There is the same slow, broad introduction, the drawn-out climaxes that grow, pull back and then grow some more – a sort of musical coitus interruptus."

439:

who, like Bruckner, had a strong, Catholic religious faith and who first and foremost was a harmonic innovator, initiating the new German school together with Wagner. In May 1861 he made his concert debut, as both composer and conductor of his

2548:, p. 108: "Bruckner's ... body was taken to St. Florian. ... There, in a splendid sarcophagus, lie the earthly remains of Anton Bruckner, but from above the crypt, from the great 'Bruckner Organ', his living spirit still bursts forth." 556:

his life, that's the uncomfortable fact any biography must start from." Anecdotes abound as to Bruckner's dogged pursuit of his chosen craft and his humble acceptance of the fame that eventually came his way. Once, after a rehearsal of his

690:; it continues to be found in the majority of program notes and biographical sketches concerning Bruckner. Haas's work was endorsed by the Nazis and so fell out of favour after the war as the Allies enforced denazification. Haas's rival 431:, which he composed in 1862–1863), mere school exercises, done under the supervision of Otto Kitzler. He continued his studies to the age of 40. Broad fame and acceptance did not come until he was over 60 (after the premiere of his 1694:. Most of this music was written for teaching purposes. Sixteen other pieces for piano, which Bruckner composed in 1862 during his tuition by Kitzler, have not been WAB classified. A facsimile of these pieces is found in the 269:. The schoolmaster, Johann Baptist Weiß, was a music enthusiast and respected organist. Here, Bruckner completed his school education and refined his skills as an organist. Around 1835 Bruckner wrote his first composition, a 1786:

Because of the long duration and vast orchestral canvas of much of his music, Bruckner's popularity has greatly benefited from the introduction of long-playing media and from improvements in recording technology.

489:. At the time, there was a feud between advocates of the music of Wagner and Brahms; by aligning himself with Wagner, Bruckner made an unintentional enemy out of Hanslick. He was not without supporters, though. 1308: 146: 1765:

went about publishing several versions of some works, in the process correcting some mistakes of Haas. After Nowak's resignation, (1990 onwards, Editorial Head: Herbert Vogg) William Carragan, Paul Hawkshaw,

1599:

men's choir and large orchestra, was composed in 1893 and was Bruckner's last completed composition and the only secular vocal work that he thought worthy enough to bequeath to the Austrian National Library.

8557: 466:, during which time he concentrated most of his energy on writing symphonies. These symphonies were poorly received, at times considered "wild" and "nonsensical". His students at the Conservatory included 1652:, and had it orchestrated by Albrecht Gürsching. In 1985 Wolfgang Hiltl, who had retrieved the original score by Rudolf Krzyzanowski, had it published by Doblinger (issued in 2002). According to scholar 508:

constantly tried to bring his music to the public, and for this purpose proposed "improvements" for making Bruckner's music more acceptable to the public. Bruckner bequeathed his original scores to the

450:. From 1861 to 1868, he alternated his time between Vienna and Sankt Florian. He wished to ensure he knew how to make his music modern, but he also wanted to spend time in a more religious setting. 3119: 583:. Though he wrote no major works for the organ, his improvisation sessions sometimes yielded ideas for the symphonies. He taught organ performance at the Conservatory; among his students were 331:

for two years. Here he would be able to have more of a part in musical activity. The time in Kronstorf was a much happier one for Bruckner. Between 1843 and 1845, Bruckner was the pupil of

2896: 261:

proved to be a hard-working student, and was promoted to upper class early. While studying, Bruckner also helped his father in teaching the other children. After Bruckner received his

2572: 1306: 1130:

with their alternation of melodies, are models for Bruckner's spacious middle movements, while the finale with a grand culminating hymn is a feature of almost every Bruckner symphony.

1233:), the originality of which has not been understood and which were considered unperformable by the musicians. In order to make them "performable", the symphonies, except Symphonies 1720:

based on a novel by Gertrud Bollé-Hellmund. Although he attended performances of Wagner's operas, he was much more interested in the music than the plot. After seeing Wagner's

1709:

has survived. The five Preludes in E-flat major (1836–1837), classified WAB 127 and WAB 128, as well as a few other WAB-unclassified works, which have been found in Bruckner's

1525:

characterizes the pieces for men's choir as being "of little concern to the non-German listener". Of about 30 such pieces, a most unusual and evocative composition is the song

323:

Michael Arneth noticed Bruckner's bad situation in Windhaag and awarded him an assistant teacher position in the vicinity of the monastic town of Sankt Florian, sending him to

727: 2777: 1091:, is followed by a second, melodious and often contrapuntal group, and a third, rhythmical and often in unison, group, which is sometimes a variant of the first group, as in 636: 205:

described him as "half genius, half simpleton". Bruckner was critical of his own work and often reworked his compositions. There are several versions of many of his works.

1307: 969:, is generally in ABA′B′A″ lied form. The first thematic group, sometime rhythmical, is developed and magnified in the third and fifth parts. The second group is mostly a 1257:, which have been deeply emended by Bruckner's friends and associates, and it is not always possible to tell whether the emendations had Bruckner's direct authorization. 624:. He most likely retired from his position at the University of Vienna in 1892, at the age of 68. He wrote a great deal of music that he used to help teach his students. 3509: 2625: 1648:(Symphonic Prelude) in C minor was discovered by Mahler scholar Paul Banks in the Austrian National Library in 1974 in a piano duet transcription. Banks ascribed it to 1546:, of which only a few have been published. The Lieder that Bruckner composed in 1861–1862 during his tuition by Otto Kitzler have not been WAB classified. In 2013 the 1754:

The first edition (1934–1944, Editorial Head: Robert Haas) included 'hybrid' scores for Symphonies 2 and 8 and other similar conflations for some other revised works.

8131: 1716:

Bruckner never wrote an opera, and as much as he was a fan of Wagner's music dramas, he was uninterested in drama. In 1893 he thought about writing an opera called

754:), none of Bruckner's symphonies originally had a subtitle and in the case of those that now do, the nicknames or subtitles did not originate with the composer. 8627: 1556:, the autograph manuscript hitherto unavailable to the public. The facsimile is edited by Paul Hawkshaw and Erich Wolfgang Partsch in Band XXV of Bruckner's 3174: 695: 275: – one of the compositions which he revised at the end of his life. When his father became ill, Anton returned to Ansfelden to help him in his work. 6450: 3053: 2178: 294:

Bruckner's father died in 1837, when Bruckner was 13 years old. The teacher's position and house were given to a successor, and Bruckner was sent to the

6440: 4961: 3108: 1210: 2808: 8632: 5899: 3086: 571:

Bruckner was a renowned organist in his day, impressing audiences in France in 1869, and the United Kingdom in 1871, giving six recitals on a new

49: 3449: 3411: 1112: 463: 1860:

Bruckner's symphonic works, much maligned in Vienna in his lifetime, now have an important place in the tradition and musical repertoire of the

420: 4612: 4561: 4897: 3039:, p. 72: "They are of little concern to the non-German listener and do not represent important stages in Bruckner's creative unfolding." 2716: 2685: 1609: 2562: 2509: 8592: 4891: 4419: 3015: 598: 2746: 4690: 3720: 8567: 6794: 2655: 3241: 1613: 424: 8542: 3772: 3144: 3296: 2769: 5040: 4626: 4065: 3817: 2343: 1421:

The three Masses which Bruckner wrote in the 1860s and revised later on in his life are more often performed. The Masses numbered

8622: 2299: 1791: 1620:. These works, which are occasionally included in recordings of the symphonies, show already hints of Bruckner's emerging style. 1095:. The development, often of dramatic character, is followed by a less formal reprise, which is sometimes inverted (C′B′A') as in 6965: 3683: 8587: 3835: 2945: 656: 109: 2614: 1404:. It shows the clear influence of Mozart's Requiem (also in D minor) and similar works of Michael Haydn. The seldom performed 407:

Largely self-taught as a composer, Bruckner only started composing seriously at age 37 in 1861. Bruckner studied further with

8562: 8390: 6043: 5904: 3741: 3670: 3644: 3622: 3579: 3544: 3458: 3420: 3280: 2917: 2200: 2102: 2070: 2041: 1977: 1522: 1087:, is, as the first movement, an allegro in modified sonata form with three thematic groups. The first group, often a kind of 178:

character, and considerable length. Bruckner's compositions helped to define contemporary musical radicalism, owing to their

8582: 8547: 8061: 6079: 4191: 3851: 1439:

is for mixed choir and a small group of wind instruments, and was written in an attempt to meet the Cecilians halfway. The

719: 1414:, was the last major work Bruckner composed before he started to study with Simon Sechter, with the possible exception of 8552: 6483: 6888: 7903: 4986: 4683: 4585: 4461: 2447:, p. 73: "Unlike Franck or Reger, however, he has not left a single composition of any value for his instrument." 415:, which Bruckner studied extensively from 1863 onwards. Bruckner considered the earliest orchestral works (the "study" 3786:

devoted to Anton Bruckner, edited by Ken Ward, caters for lay enthusiasts, musicians and academics. Produced in the UK

2126: 8612: 8577: 8572: 6272: 6114: 5980: 4971: 4015: 3944: 1906: 1388: 6868: 4770: 4929: 4539: 4135: 3992: 1636: 1225:

The first versions of Bruckner's symphonies often presented an instrumental, contrapuntal and rhythmic complexity (

643:, close to his native Ansfelden, was named after him in 1932 (as the "Bruckner Conservatory Linz" until 2004). The 164: 156: 6863: 6160: 3531:

Gilliam, Bryan (1997). "The Annexation of Anton Bruckner: Nazi Revisionism and the Politics of Appropriation". In

2005:"The laconic idiom of restraint, the art of mere suggestion, involving economy of means and form, is not theirs." 8607: 8405: 6569: 4376: 4360: 6924: 6574: 6348: 4810: 8602: 6664: 6094: 6071: 4946: 4714: 3869: 3857: 3514: 1933: 1705:, where he improvised frequently. Those improvisations were usually not transcribed, so that only a few of his 1517: 1245:, have been revised several times. Consequently, there are several versions and editions, mainly of Symphonies 687: 313:

After completing the seminar with an excellent grade, Bruckner was sent as an assistant teacher to a school in

7928: 5459: 4232: 3439: 3401: 3170: 3049: 2170: 1988:

In German "halb Genie, halb Trottel". This description is often, but mistakenly, attributed to Gustav Mahler.

151:; 4 September 1824 – 11 October 1896) was an Austrian composer and organist best known for his 8429: 8413: 8330: 7848: 6960: 6914: 4368: 4304: 3662: 3362:

Bruckner, Anton. Symphony No. 8/2, C minor, 1890 version. Edited by Leopold Nowak. New York: Eulenburg, 1994.

1889: 1861: 1850: 446:, set in seven parts. Soon after Bruckner had ended his studies under Sechter and Kitzler, he wrote his the 5883: 4850: 1635:

in F Major of 1879, contemporaneous with the Fifth and Sixth symphonies, has been frequently performed. The

8597: 7953: 7323: 6104: 5739: 5033: 3962: 3810: 3762: 2270:

Hawkshaw, Paul (2007). "Anton Bruckner's Counterpoint Studies at the Monastery of Saint Florian, 1845–55".

1644: 827:, alternating between two groups of instruments, as when changing from one manual of the organ to another. 367: 152: 6400: 5129: 8201: 8016: 7858: 6170: 6119: 5942: 4909: 4858: 4352: 4320: 2800: 1628: 1411: 8136: 6465: 3078: 1726:, he asked: "Tell me, why did they burn the woman at the end?" Nor did Bruckner ever write an oratorio. 8617: 8461: 7838: 7067: 6579: 5987: 5229: 5184: 5058: 4392: 4328: 4239: 4095: 1938: 1338: 1261: 1126: 791: 683: 8146: 6812: 6589: 4467: 3768: 1025:

reprise, in Bruckner's early symphonies, ends with a short, powerful coda. The revised version of the

208:

His works, the symphonies in particular, had detractors, most notably the influential Austrian critic

8385: 7785: 7736: 6036: 5806: 5124: 4923: 4903: 4028: 3956: 3921: 3915: 3909: 3903: 3897: 3887: 3881: 3875: 3863: 1831: 1663: 1632: 1624: 1547: 1493: 1405: 1299: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1242: 1238: 1234: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1026: 982: 978: 974: 929: 897: 893: 881: 807: 799: 783: 747: 743: 739: 613: 557: 533: 510: 432: 416: 387: 179: 20: 8066: 7223: 6945: 2086: 8284: 8106: 7996: 7986: 7923: 7689: 7374: 6435: 6165: 5714: 5539: 4674: 4545: 4400: 4214: 3758: 2677: 1888:, starring Peter Mackriel, also fictionalizes Bruckner's real-life stay at a sanatorium because of 1152:

and Wagner, was unsurpassed, and he was almost the equal of Brahms in the art of melodic variation.

588: 561: 529: 139: 7863: 7153: 4553: 3792:– Detailed listing recordings of Anton Bruckner's works. Also includes articles and free downloads 2708: 1099:, and a coda in which the first thematic group of the first movement is magnified. In the coda of 481:

in 1875, where he tried to make music theory a part of the curriculum. Overall, he was unhappy in

8527: 8056: 7913: 7818: 7674: 7103: 6719: 6109: 6000: 5609: 5026: 5008: 4976: 4754: 4722: 4642: 3803: 3202:

Bruckner used a piano score without text – a sign of how unconcerned he was with opera as drama."

2901: 2321: 1989: 1928: 1485: 1315: 1145: 694:

was appointed to produce a whole new critical edition of Bruckner's works. He and others such as

644: 6929: 6629: 5319: 4915: 3011: 2739:"Torring, Ebbe: Essay & Appendix on Recapitulations in Bruckner Symphonies – Anton Bruckner" 2091: 1671: 1509: 8475: 8395: 8350: 8345: 8041: 7933: 7833: 7344: 7118: 7057: 6674: 6445: 6010: 5952: 5927: 5759: 5334: 5079: 4951: 4842: 4762: 4738: 4650: 4483: 4425: 4384: 4165: 3710: 3267: 2328:. Stuttgart: J. B. Metzler'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung and Carl Ernst Poeschel Verlag. p. 31. 1737: 1706: 1691: 1659: 1501: 686:, who was the chief editor of the first critical editions of Bruckner's works published by the 314: 287: 7720: 7593: 7379: 7303: 7188: 6614: 5790: 5629: 5504: 5494: 5259: 4634: 2909: 2364: 8400: 8365: 8355: 8289: 8116: 8091: 8051: 8001: 7898: 7751: 7598: 7410: 7267: 7208: 7042: 7037: 6991: 6919: 6858: 6744: 6503: 6150: 6099: 6076: 5549: 5429: 5384: 5364: 5279: 4991: 4866: 4794: 4698: 4658: 4618: 4492: 4312: 4199: 4077: 4046: 4040: 4034: 3654: 3632: 2738: 2272: 2217: 1965: 1767: 1702: 1653: 1505: 1444: 1436: 1426: 1422: 1342: 1281: 1201:

series of twelve large, painted visualizations. The conference report was published in 1993.

767: 700: 621: 536:. Unlike his romantic symphonies, some of Bruckner's choral works are often conservative and 458:

In 1868, after Sechter had died, Bruckner hesitantly accepted Sechter's post as a teacher of

447: 353: 298: 242: 45: 6955: 6430: 6415: 5324: 4818: 2870: 8537: 8532: 8448: 8021: 7583: 7470: 7395: 7108: 7072: 6774: 6754: 6508: 6195: 6135: 6029: 5964: 5910: 5749: 5204: 5114: 4746: 4569: 4518: 4296: 4288: 4272: 4141: 4116: 4104: 4089: 4071: 3729: 3237: 2982: 2651: 1722: 1579: 1489: 1481: 1415: 1334: 1189: 1122: 1088: 565: 549: 545: 478: 442: 271: 8121: 7938: 7173: 6950: 6807: 6528: 6493: 5709: 3148: 8: 8380: 8239: 7943: 7828: 7669: 7052: 7047: 6883: 6624: 6559: 6175: 5959: 5877: 5579: 5414: 4802: 4778: 4336: 4256: 4223: 4182: 4174: 4083: 3950: 1915: 1853:

ever ban Bruckner's music as they have Wagner's, even recording the Eighth Symphony with

1617: 1568: 1526: 1357: 1141: 933: 917: 428: 371: 332: 8031: 7547: 7364: 6904: 6842: 6689: 6518: 5554: 5354: 5344: 5189: 3554: 3292: 2467: 794:. The later symphonies increase this complement, but not by much. Notable is the use of 8436: 8156: 7918: 7908: 7793: 7684: 7578: 7420: 7369: 7282: 7178: 7148: 7138: 6986: 6784: 6473: 6365: 6306: 6084: 5872: 5719: 5654: 5559: 5489: 5474: 5454: 5309: 5159: 4956: 4730: 4666: 4501: 4157: 4110: 4022: 3688: 3679: 3532: 3434: 3388: 2875: 2339: 1834:

was broadcast by German radio (Deutscher Reichsrundfunk) when it announced the news of

1584: 1551: 1397: 1326: 1265: 1107: 580: 541: 340: 183: 160: 7318: 7198: 6395: 5664: 2291: 1396:

for use in local churches and did not always set all the numbers of the ordinary. His

1325:

Bruckner was a devoutly religious man, and composed numerous sacred works. He wrote a

8370: 8340: 8304: 8249: 8171: 8101: 8026: 7963: 7868: 7853: 7823: 7664: 7639: 7613: 7552: 7542: 7440: 7435: 7430: 7425: 7093: 7062: 7006: 7001: 6817: 6802: 6724: 6609: 6554: 6478: 6390: 6343: 6246: 6236: 6200: 6066: 6006: 5889: 5769: 5754: 5694: 5674: 5634: 5619: 5599: 5534: 5524: 5519: 5514: 5499: 5484: 5479: 5254: 5249: 5154: 4826: 4593: 4248: 4149: 4007: 3737: 3666: 3640: 3618: 3575: 3540: 3454: 3416: 3380: 3371: 3276: 2913: 2171:"Pange lingua C-Dur, WAB 31 (zwischen 1835–37) | Diskografie von Anton Bruckner" 2098: 2066: 2037: 1973: 1873: 1835: 1543: 1536: 1440: 1382: 1368: 1346: 1330: 576: 521: 517: 7710: 7705: 7588: 6425: 6375: 5224: 3321:. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers (2004): 49–50 2937: 382:

In 1855, Bruckner, aspiring to become a student of the famous Vienna music theorist

202: 54: 8499: 7976: 7873: 7798: 7715: 7679: 7557: 7532: 7527: 7228: 7218: 7213: 7203: 7193: 7168: 7098: 7021: 6996: 6564: 6513: 6410: 6251: 6241: 6224: 6185: 6180: 6155: 5894: 5846: 5734: 5689: 5684: 5624: 5439: 5394: 5239: 5209: 5179: 5119: 4834: 4786: 4577: 4475: 4344: 4264: 3999: 3610: 3464: 3426: 3262: 2905: 2108: 1896: 1631:, also composed in 1862, were discovered decades after Bruckner's death. The later 1376: 1277: 8151: 8141: 7359: 7133: 6970: 6634: 6312: 5569: 5274: 3657:(2004), "Bruckner editions: the revolution revisited", in Williamson, John (ed.), 1773:

are in the process of reviewing and further correcting the work of Haas and Nowak.

8375: 8360: 8335: 8259: 8191: 8186: 8181: 8096: 8081: 8036: 7971: 7843: 7813: 7659: 7654: 7537: 7460: 7450: 7400: 7308: 7183: 7077: 7016: 7011: 6878: 6822: 6739: 6729: 6549: 6533: 6488: 6455: 6328: 6278: 6216: 6205: 5947: 5841: 5836: 5816: 5811: 5785: 5699: 5649: 5574: 5544: 5509: 5469: 5199: 5194: 5164: 5104: 4966: 4706: 4281: 3975: 2866: 2620: 1815: 1810:

even consecrated a bust of Bruckner in a widely photographed ceremony in 1937 at

1677: 1477: 1464:"Anton Bruckner arrives in Heaven". Bruckner is greeted by (from left to right): 1226: 1170: 885: 486: 471: 233: 213: 209: 168: 7756: 6694: 6089: 5409: 5294: 1992:: "»Halb Genie, halb Trottel«. Hans von Bülows Urteil über Anton Bruckner". In: 595:, who called Bruckner his "forerunner", attended the conservatory at this time. 8511: 8299: 8269: 8234: 8224: 8206: 8111: 8071: 8006: 7878: 7808: 7649: 7634: 7562: 7506: 7496: 7465: 7445: 7354: 7277: 7242: 7163: 7123: 6827: 6779: 6709: 6604: 6584: 6523: 6420: 6284: 6210: 5937: 5851: 5744: 5729: 5704: 5644: 5639: 5604: 5464: 5444: 5434: 5389: 5369: 5349: 5329: 5314: 5304: 5289: 5269: 5134: 5099: 5089: 5049: 4207: 2029: 1473: 1469: 1136: 1053: 1015:

is often fiery. The, sometimes very short, trio is more melodious and often in

995: 973:

in cantilena form. The adagio is put in third position in the first version of

951: 864: 847: 782:, two or three trumpets, three trombones, tuba (from the second version of the 552:

and at least one Mass demonstrate innovative and radical uses of chromaticism.

501: 467: 412: 194: 8314: 7883: 6909: 6873: 6684: 5234: 2369:: Volume 3. "Vienna: Triumph and Disillusion" (1904–1907), footnote 66, p. 486 474:, wrote a book about his impressions of Bruckner as a composer and a teacher. 8521: 8309: 8274: 8264: 8244: 8176: 8126: 7991: 7981: 7766: 7741: 7629: 7603: 7491: 7272: 7143: 6749: 6679: 6654: 6644: 6599: 6299: 5724: 5659: 5594: 5449: 5404: 5149: 5144: 5139: 5084: 4883: 4443: 3715: 3614: 3444: 3406: 3384: 3272: 3012:"Anton Bruckner's Critical Complete Edition – Songs and secular choral works" 2010: 1758: 1649: 1460: 1273: 1029:

features a scherzo – the "Hunt scherzo" – in which the outer sections are in

706: 691: 592: 411:, who was nine years younger than him and who introduced him to the music of 383: 374:. During his stay in Sankt Florian, Bruckner continued to work with Zenetti. 363: 302: 217: 7501: 1794:

strongly approved of Bruckner's music because they saw it as expressing the

1750:(Bruckner's Critical Complete Edition) comprises three successive editions. 8487: 8279: 8254: 8229: 8196: 8166: 8086: 8046: 7948: 7893: 7803: 7771: 7761: 7746: 7486: 7349: 7339: 7313: 7158: 7113: 6837: 6769: 6759: 6699: 6649: 6594: 6405: 6323: 6294: 6145: 5669: 5589: 5584: 5564: 5529: 5379: 5374: 5359: 5339: 5299: 5284: 5264: 5094: 5074: 4981: 3984: 3705: 3589: 3472: 3366: 2567: 2563:"Sex, death and dissonance: the strange, obsessive world of Anton Bruckner" 2134: 2006: 1919:

takes "inspiration from Bruckner to achieve reverence in biblical scenes."

1901: 1842: 1826: 1819: 1497: 1269: 1219: 941: 835:

The structure of Bruckner's symphonies is in a way an extension of that of

678: 572: 537: 505: 497: 459: 408: 328: 295: 262: 7644: 5214: 3778: 1639:, which was intended to replace its scherzo, is not frequently performed. 1222:, which brought the issue to the attention of English-speaking musicians. 762: 283: 266: 122: 8294: 8161: 8011: 7608: 7511: 7455: 7262: 7128: 6832: 6764: 6498: 6359: 6318: 6267: 6140: 6052: 5932: 5679: 5614: 5419: 5399: 5244: 5219: 4511: 4446: 3639:. Cambridge, UK ; New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 19. 3476: 2558: 1881: 1854: 1573: 1465: 1351: 1149: 889: 795: 779: 436: 336: 171: 1314:

The second of Bruckner's three settings of "Ave Maria" performed by the

7415: 6734: 6714: 6704: 6353: 6190: 5821: 5424: 3843: 3227:. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group (2000): 51, note 14 1910: 1811: 1516:

As a young man Bruckner sang in men's choirs and wrote music for them.

1431: 1216: 1045: 1012: 820: 3709: 3392: 1591:(WAB 70), composed in 1863–1864, was Bruckner's first published work. 1184: 1016: 399: 8076: 7405: 7287: 6619: 6338: 5764: 5169: 5109: 3936: 1796: 1449: 1363: 905: 836: 775: 629: 584: 324: 250: 238: 198: 175: 78: 8558:

Academic staff of the University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna

3789: 1402:

the earliest work Bruckner himself considered worthy of preservation

774:

Bruckner's symphonies are scored for a fairly standard orchestra of

661:

Sometimes Bruckner's works are referred to by WAB numbers, from the

8216: 5856: 1666:

of 1865 is an occasional work as a gesture of appreciation for the

892:

with three thematic groups. The first group is mostly displayed in

815: 608: 2499:, Bruckner Society of America, Inc., January 1940 – (Vol. 2, No.1) 7888: 6639: 6230: 5831: 5018: 4057: 3795: 3510:"Anton Bruckner wird 200 Jahre: Was seine Musik besonders machte" 2966: 1532: 1197: 1021: 990: 937: 901: 787: 668: 320: 187: 167:. The symphonies are considered emblematic of the final stage of 39: 3607:

Bruckner's Symphonies: Analysis, Reception and Cultural Politics

3050:"Discography of Bruckner's secular choral music by Hans Roelofs" 6333: 3783: 2340:"Bruckner: Motets – CD – CDA66062 – Anton Bruckner (1824–1896)" 1807: 1608:

During his apprenticeship with Otto Kitzler, Bruckner composed

1418:, a large work, for SATB soloists, double choir and orchestra. 1230: 1103:, the first thematic group of all four movements are magnified. 970: 925: 921: 811: 665:, a catalogue of Bruckner's works edited by Renate Grasberger. 482: 97: 6021: 4127: 3790:

Bruckner Discography edited by John F. Berky and Hans Roelofs

3171:"Bruckner's organ works listed and commented by Hans Roelofs" 909: 637:

Anton Bruckner Private University for Music, Drama, and Dance

525: 2823: 2383:

Meine Lehrjahre bei Bruckner; Erinnerungen und Betrachtungen

839:'s symphonies. Bruckner's symphonies are in four movements. 6289: 5826: 4531: 2678:"Carragan, William: Timed Analysis Tables – Anton Bruckner" 1802: 1742:

Published by Musikwissenschaftlicher Verlag in Vienna, the

1596: 913: 803: 640: 307: 254: 1616:

as orchestration exercises. At that time he also wrote an

435:

in 1884). In 1861 he had already made the acquaintance of

3539:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 72–91. 1662:

of 1847 for three trombones are solemn, brief works. The

265:

in 1833, Bruckner's father sent him to another school in

3319:

The Great Composers Portrayed on Film: 1913 through 2002

2835: 2497:

Chord and Dischord: A Journal of Modern Musical Progress

2239: 1448:

tenor soloist in the way a priest would, with a line of

1268:

of Bruckner's works based on the original scores. After

560:

in 1881, the well-meaning Bruckner tipped the conductor

306:

Bruckner's mother sent her son to a teaching seminar in

290:, where Bruckner lived on many occasions during his life 241:, Austria, where Anton Bruckner was born. It is now the 3205: 3145:"Discography of Bruckner's piano works by Hans Roelofs" 1392:), composed between 1842 and 1844, were short Austrian 806:, and percussion besides timpani in all versions. (The 3238:"Anton Bruckner (1824–1896) – Kritische Gesamtausgabe" 2484:

Chords and Discords: Purely Personal Opinions on Music

2251: 8459: 3111:

Symphonisches Präludium – Composed by Anton Bruckner?

3073: 3071: 2871:"In a Show of Accessibility, Schumann Joins Bruckner" 3347:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 39. 3324: 2847: 2632: 2527: 1880:, which focuses on his recovery in an Austrian spa. 1443:

wanted to rid church music of instruments entirely.

738:

Bruckner composed eleven symphonies, the first, the

2652:"Anton Bruckner – An Introduction by John F. Berky" 2495:Engel, G. (1940), "The Life of Anton Bruckner", in 2227: 2034:

Handbuch der klassischen und romantischen Symphonie

1845:in Linz, which opened in 1974, is named after him. 928:, is sometimes a variant of the first group, as in 3438: 3400: 3079:"Startseite | Musikwissenschaftlichen Verlag" 3068: 2613: 2090: 1757:In the second edition (1951–1989, Editorial Head: 1260:Looking for authentic versions of the symphonies, 174:because of their rich harmonic language, strongly 2992: 1818:. Bruckner's music was among the most popular in 936:is followed by a modified and somewhat shortened 620:In July 1886, the Emperor decorated him with the 8519: 3665:, Cambridge University Press, pp. 121–137, 3225:The Wind and Wind-chorus Music of Anton Bruckner 2207:. New York: Schuster & Macmillan. p. 3. 2025: 2023: 1781: 3450:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians 3412:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians 2607: 2605: 2157:Classical Music (Visual Reference Guide Series) 1113:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians 904:of the string instruments and is, after a long 19:"Bruckner" redirects here. For other uses, see 4962:Versions and editions of Bruckner's symphonies 2119: 1211:Versions and editions of Bruckner's symphonies 516:In addition to his symphonies, Bruckner wrote 485:, which was musically dominated by the critic 6037: 5034: 3811: 3684:"Problems and Detours on Bruckner's Timeline" 2890:Bonds, Mark Evan (2001). "II. 19th century". 2020: 1892:(or 'numeromania' as it was then described). 568:, and wore it on his watch-chain ever after. 3724:(11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 2602: 2097:. New York: Grossman Publishers. p. 8. 2056: 2054: 2052: 2050: 1744: 1558: 394:Die Grundsätze der musikalischen Komposition 348: 3574:(in German). Salzburg Wien: Residenz-Verl. 3369:(1969), "The Bruckner Problem Simplified", 6044: 6030: 5041: 5027: 3818: 3804: 2545: 2459: 2407: 2395: 2320: 2245: 2085: 2036:. Breitkopf & Härtel, Wiesbaden 1964. 912:. The second group, melodious and in ABA' 38: 8628:People with obsessive–compulsive disorder 3773:International Music Score Library Project 3609:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 3433: 2841: 2829: 2047: 1729: 1429:are for solo singers, mixed choir, organ 1410:, composed in 1854 for Friedrich Mayer's 677:of Bruckner's personality," musicologist 3570:Harten, Uwe; Grasberger, Renate (1996). 3147:. Brucknerdiskografie.nl. Archived from 2592: 2590: 2269: 1886:The Strange Affliction of Anton Bruckner 1701:Bruckner was a renowned organist at the 1683:Bruckner also wrote a Lancer-Quadrille ( 1459: 1183: 761: 731:Symphony No. 3, third movement (excerpt) 723: 667: 639:, an institution of higher education in 597: 398: 352: 282: 253:(then a village, now almost a suburb of 232: 44:Anton Bruckner wearing the badge of the 8633:Recipients of the Order of Franz Joseph 3592:(18 October 1896). "Anton Bruckner †". 3557:(25 October 1896). "Anton Bruckner †". 2910:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.27254 2865: 2611: 2557: 2222:Anton Bruckner – apogée de la symphonie 1970:Anton Bruckner – apogée de la symphonie 1550:was able to acquire a facsimile of the 1204: 798:in his last three symphonies. Only the 8520: 3487:(2), Bruckner Society of America: 2–12 3471: 3293:"Bruckner in the Movies, TV and Radio" 3211: 3195: 3125:from the original on 27 September 2013 3036: 2638: 2533: 2444: 2199: 2065:. Hamburg: Rowohlt Taschenbuchverlag. 2014: 1872:The life of Bruckner was portrayed in 1455: 1290: 810:, in some versions, features a single 657:List of compositions by Anton Bruckner 278: 193:Unlike other musical radicals such as 8391:Romanticism and the French Revolution 6025: 5022: 3799: 3398: 3365: 3342: 3330: 3299:from the original on 5 September 2024 3177:from the original on 15 February 2020 3056:from the original on 5 September 2024 3018:from the original on 22 February 2014 2998: 2889: 2853: 2811:from the original on 5 September 2024 2749:from the original on 22 December 2017 2658:from the original on 5 September 2024 2596: 2587: 2575:from the original on 5 September 2024 2465: 2432: 2380: 2346:from the original on 22 February 2014 2257: 2233: 2181:from the original on 5 September 2024 2060: 1913:for the restoration of the 1925 film 1867: 1571:, as well as two patriotic cantatas, 1531:(1878) for men's choir, man soloist, 1135:Bruckner is the first composer since 1121:roots in older styles. Bruckner took 357:The "Bruckner Organ" in Sankt Florian 138: 4192:Dir, Herr, dir will ich mich ergeben 2971:Anton Bruckner Institute Linz (1993) 2948:from the original on 31 January 2018 2798: 2767: 2706: 2612:Johnson, Stephen (10 January 1996). 1905:(1954), its plot concerned with the 720:List of symphonies by Anton Bruckner 453: 8593:Classical composers of church music 5900:Tchaikovsky and the Belyayev circle 4563:Wie bist du, Frühling, gut und treu 3659:The Cambridge Companion to Bruckner 3508:Felber, Gerald (4 September 2024). 1899:used the music of Bruckner for his 13: 5048: 4987:Anton-Bruckner-Gymnasium Straubing 3825: 3500: 3453:. Vol. 18. pp. 461–462. 2688:from the original on 26 April 2016 1264:produced during the 1930s a first 1177:In the 2001 second edition of the 746:in 1887–96. With the exception of 742:in 1863, the last, the unfinished 223: 14: 8644: 8568:Austrian male classical composers 4972:Anton Bruckner Private University 3752: 3415:. Vol. 3. pp. 352–371. 2780:from the original on 18 July 2017 2770:"Part 2: The Five-Part Song Form" 2615:"Bruckner: guilty or not guilty?" 2302:from the original on 3 March 2016 2009:observed, comparing Bruckner and 672:Portrait of Anton Bruckner (1889) 155:and sacred music, which includes 8543:19th-century classical composers 8505: 8493: 8481: 8469: 8444: 8443: 6005: 5996: 5995: 5004: 5003: 4692:Des Dankes Wort sei mir vergönnt 4628:Das Lied vom deutschen Vaterland 3244:from the original on 18 May 2014 3089:from the original on 1 July 2023 2719:from the original on 3 July 2024 2628:from the original on 7 May 2022. 1972:, l'Age d'Homme, Lausanne, 1977 1746:Bruckner Kritische Gesamtausgabe 1713:, are probably not by Bruckner. 1668:Militär-Kapelle der Jäger-Truppe 1304: 500:, and famous conductors such as 477:He later accepted a post at the 121: 6051: 4486:Heil Vater! Dir zum hohen Feste 3779:The Bruckner Society of America 3336: 3311: 3285: 3256: 3230: 3217: 3189: 3163: 3137: 3101: 3042: 3030: 3004: 2976: 2960: 2930: 2883: 2859: 2792: 2761: 2731: 2700: 2670: 2644: 2551: 2539: 2502: 2489: 2476: 2450: 2438: 2413: 2401: 2389: 2374: 2358: 2332: 2314: 2284: 2263: 2211: 2193: 1907:war Italy waged against Austria 1518:Bruckner's secular choral music 1156:Deryck Cooke adds, also in the 650: 377: 8623:People from Linz-Land District 4947:International Bruckner Society 3736:(in Dutch). Uitgeverij Thoth. 3515:Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung 2987:The Symphonies of Joseph Haydn 2163: 2149: 2079: 1999: 1982: 1956: 1934:International Bruckner Society 1825:Near the end of World War II, 1627:in C minor and the additional 1603: 1349:(among them eight settings of 688:International Bruckner Society 663:Werkverzeichnis Anton Bruckner 1: 8588:Catholic liturgical composers 8414:Wanderer above the Sea of Fog 4684:Laßt Jubeltöne laut erklingen 3769:Free scores by Anton Bruckner 3759:Free scores by Anton Bruckner 3663:Cambridge Companions to Music 2510:"Bruckner, Anton (1824–1896)" 1944: 1890:obsessive-compulsive disorder 1862:Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra 1851:Israel Philharmonic Orchestra 1790:Decades after his death, the 1782:Reception in the 20th century 1684: 1610:three short orchestral pieces 1355:, and three settings of both 1287:) carried on with this work. 1196:In 1990, the American artist 713: 647:was also named in his honor. 605: 228: 16:Austrian composer (1824–1896) 8563:Austrian classical organists 4016:Messe für den Gründonnerstag 3763:Choral Public Domain Library 2469:Anton Bruckner Rustic Genius 1567:Bruckner composed also five 1389:Messe für den Gründonnerstag 830: 368:Johann Georg Albrechtsberger 7: 8583:Austrian Romantic composers 8548:19th-century male musicians 5943:Gothic Revival architecture 4233:In jener letzten der Nächte 1922: 1832:Bruckner's Seventh Symphony 579:in London and five more at 249:Anton Bruckner was born in 10: 8649: 8553:19th-century musicologists 8331:Coleridge's theory of life 5884:Neue Zeitschrift für Musik 5059:List of Romantic composers 4587:Mein Herz und deine Stimme 3402:"Bruckner, (Joseph) Anton" 3355: 3173:. Brucknerdiskografie.nl. 3052:. Brucknerdiskografie.nl. 2801:"Bruckner's Golden Arches" 2371:; Retrieved 28 August 2013 2365:Henry-Louis de La Grange, 1939:List of Austrians in music 1735: 1542:Bruckner also composed 20 1227:Brucknerian rhythm "2 + 3" 1208: 920:. The third group, mostly 717: 654: 18: 8423: 8386:Romanticism and economics 8323: 8215: 7962: 7784: 7729: 7698: 7622: 7571: 7520: 7479: 7388: 7332: 7296: 7250: 7241: 7086: 7030: 6979: 6938: 6897: 6851: 6793: 6663: 6542: 6464: 6401:Manuel Antônio de Almeida 6383: 6374: 6260: 6128: 6059: 5975: 5920: 5865: 5799: 5778: 5065: 5056: 5000: 4939: 4882: 4605: 4530: 4454: 4442: 4412: 4126: 4056: 3983: 3974: 3934: 3842: 3833: 3734:Anton Bruckner, 1824–1896 3535:; Hawkshaw, Paul (eds.). 2381:Klose, Friedrich (1927). 1548:Austrian National Library 1508:. (Silhouette drawing by 1148:, learnt from Beethoven, 744:Symphony No. 9 in D minor 740:Study Symphony in F minor 614:Oberammergau Passion Play 511:Austrian National Library 349:Organist in Sankt Florian 120: 115: 105: 86: 64: 37: 30: 21:Bruckner (disambiguation) 8613:Male classical organists 8578:Austrian Roman Catholics 8573:Austrian music theorists 6166:German historical school 5905:Tchaikovsky and The Five 3615:10.1017/cbo9780511481925 3594:Neue musikalische Presse 3559:Neue musikalische Presse 3198:, p. 19: "Studying 3109:"Benjamin-Gunnar Cohrs: 2486:, Crown Publishers, p.40 2322:Hinrichsen, Hans-Joachim 2127:"Bruckner in a nutshell" 1949: 1374:The three early Masses ( 1318:'s Sea Chanters ensemble 1146:transformation of themes 757: 607:Bruckner was a lifelong 386:, showed the master his 212:and other supporters of 140:[ˈantoːnˈbʁʊknɐ] 6813:Józef Ignacy Kraszewski 4977:Bruckner Orchestra Linz 4362:Salvum fac populum tuum 3964:Symphonisches Präludium 3721:Encyclopædia Britannica 3711:"Bruckner, Anton" 3605:Horton, Julian (2004). 3440:"Bruckner and his time" 3399:Cooke, Derryck (1980). 3345:A History of Film Music 2925:(subscription required) 2902:Oxford University Press 2421:Bluff Your Way in Music 2385:. Regensburg, G. Bosse. 2087:Schönzeler, Hans-Hubert 1990:Hans-Joachim Hinrichsen 1929:Bruckner Orchestra Linz 1645:Symphonisches Präludium 1316:United States Navy Band 645:Bruckner Orchestra Linz 540:in style; however, the 421:three orchestral pieces 8608:Concert band composers 8396:Romanticism in science 8351:Middle Ages in history 8346:List of Romantic poets 7058:Josiah Gilbert Holland 5928:Common practice period 4952:Bruckner Gesamtausgabe 4772:Vaterländisch Weinlied 4716:Du bist wie eine Blume 3945:Four Orchestral Pieces 3894:; 1874/1878–1880/1888) 3655:Korstvedt, Benjamin M. 3633:Korstvedt, Benjamin M. 3343:Cooke, Mervyn (2008). 3268:The Third Reich at War 3223:Keith William Kinder, 2942:intermediaprojects.org 2927:Print: vol. 24, p. 839 2472:, E.P. Dutton & Co 2466:Wolff, Werner (1942), 1909:in 1866. The score by 1745: 1738:Bruckner Gesamtausgabe 1731:Bruckner Gesamtausgabe 1680:for violin and piano. 1660:Bruckner's Two Aequali 1559: 1513: 1367:), and at least seven 1193: 1167: 1154: 1132: 932:. The often extensive 918:contrapuntal structure 771: 732: 673: 603: 404: 358: 291: 246: 8603:Composers from Vienna 8366:Romantic epistemology 8356:Opium and Romanticism 6925:Stojadinović-Srpkinja 6151:Counter-Enlightenment 4992:Anton Bruckner Museum 4930:Intermezzo in D minor 4370:Veni Creator Spiritus 4306:Iam lucis orto sidere 4200:O Du liebes Jesu-Kind 4047:Mass No. 3 in F minor 4041:Mass No. 2 in E minor 4035:Mass No. 1 in D minor 3957:March in E-flat major 3706:Tovey, Donald Francis 3477:"Bruckner and Mahler" 3317:Charles P. Mitchell, 2273:The Musical Quarterly 2218:Paul-Gilbert Langevin 1996:55 (2000), pp. 21–24. 1966:Paul-Gilbert Langevin 1768:Benjamin-Gunnar Cohrs 1692:small works for piano 1654:Benjamin-Gunnar Cohrs 1637:Intermezzo in D minor 1463: 1435:and orchestra, while 1282:Benjamin-Gunnar Cohrs 1209:Further information: 1187: 1169:In a concert review, 1162: 1133: 1118: 1116:(1980) that Bruckner 768:Order of Franz Joseph 765: 730: 718:Further information: 671: 622:Order of Franz Joseph 601: 402: 356: 286: 243:Anton Bruckner Museum 236: 132:Joseph Anton Bruckner 46:Order of Franz Joseph 8430:Age of Enlightenment 6072:England (literature) 5965:Romantic nationalism 5911:War of the Romantics 4812:Zur Vermählungsfeier 4695:(at the latest 1855) 4378:Ecce sacerdos magnus 3836:List of compositions 3784:The Bruckner Journal 2983:H. C. Robbins Landon 2709:"Bruckner's Library" 2342:. Hyperion Records. 2296:www.antonbruckner.at 2061:Grebe, Karl (1972). 1994:IBG-Mitteilungsblatt 1205:The Bruckner Problem 566:Maria Theresa thaler 110:List of compositions 8598:Composers from Linz 8381:Romantic psychology 6176:Hudson River School 6120:Sweden (literature) 6105:Russia (literature) 5960:Musical nationalism 5878:Musical nationalism 4860:Der deutsche Gesang 4613:Weltliche Chorwerke 4394:Ave Regina caelorum 4354:Christus factus est 4322:Christus factus est 3951:Overture in G minor 3870:Symphony in D minor 3858:Symphony in F minor 3680:Oestreich, James R. 3533:Jackson, Timothy L. 3435:Temperley, Nicholas 3151:on 10 December 2014 2869:(25 January 2008). 2832:, pp. 461–462. 2799:Carragan, William. 2768:Carragan, William. 2707:Carragan, William. 2482:Wilson. C. (1966), 2292:"Bruckner Gemeinde" 1878:Bruckner's Decision 1703:St Florian's Priory 1696:Kitzler-Studienbuch 1676:of 1866 is a short 1618:Overture in G minor 1553:Kitzler-Studienbuch 1456:Secular vocal works 1358:Christus factus est 1291:Sacred choral works 948:The second movement 916:form, is mostly of 464:Vienna Conservatory 429:Overture in G minor 417:Symphony in F minor 396:(Leipzig 1853/54). 372:Franz Joseph Aumann 333:Leopold von Zenetti 288:St Florian's Priory 279:Teacher's education 6366:White Mountain art 6307:Historical fiction 6115:Spain (literature) 5873:Indianist movement 5791:Romantic orchestra 4957:Kitzler Study Book 4852:Träumen und Wachen 4023:Requiem in D minor 3730:Zwol, Cornelis van 3689:The New York Times 3637:Bruckner: Symphony 3481:Chord and Dischord 2897:Grove Music Online 2876:The New York Times 1868:In popular culture 1690:) and a few other 1585:August Silberstein 1514: 1398:Requiem in D minor 1194: 1108:Nicholas Temperley 844:The first movement 814:crash alongside a 772: 766:Bruckner with the 733: 696:Benjamin Korstvedt 674: 604: 581:the Crystal Palace 405: 359: 292: 247: 8618:Organ improvisers 8457: 8456: 8371:Romantic medicine 8341:List of romantics 7780: 7779: 7431:Felix Mendelssohn 7426:Fanny Mendelssohn 7237: 7236: 6951:Rosalía de Castro 6889:Soares dos Passos 6237:Transcendentalism 6201:Nazarene movement 6161:Düsseldorf School 6019: 6018: 5890:New German School 5485:Felix Mendelssohn 5480:Fanny Mendelssohn 5016: 5015: 4878: 4877: 4504:Sankt Jodok sproß 4438: 4437: 4098:Preiset den Herrn 4096:Festive Cantata: 4008:Kronstorfer Messe 3927: 3898:No. 5 in B♭ major 3888:No. 4 in E♭ major 3743:978-90-6868-590-9 3672:978-0-521-00878-5 3646:978-0-521-63226-3 3635:(30 March 2000). 3624:978-0-511-48192-5 3581:978-3-7017-1030-0 3555:Göllerich, August 3546:978-0-521-57014-5 3475:(November 1940), 3460:978-0-333-23111-1 3422:978-0-333-23111-1 3372:The Musical Times 3295:. Abruckner.com. 3281:978-0-14-311671-4 3263:Evans, Richard J. 3214:, pp. 45–46. 2919:978-1-56159-263-0 2743:www.abruckner.com 2682:www.abruckner.com 2654:. Abruckner.com. 2326:Bruckner Handbuch 2260:, pp. 27–34. 2104:978-0-7145-0144-4 2072:978-3-499-50190-6 2042:978-3-7651-0017-8 1978:978-2-8251-0880-2 1874:Jan Schmidt-Garre 1569:name-day cantatas 1383:Kronstorfer Messe 1337:in the 1890s), a 1309: 728: 602:Bruckner, c. 1892 577:Royal Albert Hall 528:works, and a few 524:and other sacred 479:Vienna University 454:The Vienna period 403:Bruckner, c. 1860 129: 128: 8640: 8510: 8509: 8508: 8498: 8497: 8496: 8486: 8485: 8484: 8474: 8473: 8472: 8465: 8447: 8446: 8406:Evolution theory 7248: 7247: 6381: 6380: 6242:Ukrainian school 6046: 6039: 6032: 6023: 6022: 6009: 5999: 5998: 5895:Post-romanticism 5760:Vaughan Williams 5043: 5036: 5029: 5020: 5019: 5007: 5006: 4940:Related articles 4910:Rondo in C minor 4676:Vor Arneths Grab 4484:Arneth Cantata: 4452: 4451: 4049:(1868/1883/1893) 4000:Windhaager Messe 3981: 3980: 3925: 3922:No. 9 in D minor 3916:No. 8 in C minor 3910:No. 7 in E major 3904:No. 6 in A major 3884:(1873/1877/1889) 3882:No. 3 in D minor 3876:No. 2 in C minor 3864:No. 1 in C minor 3820: 3813: 3806: 3797: 3796: 3747: 3725: 3713: 3701: 3699: 3697: 3682:(10 July 2005). 3675: 3650: 3628: 3601: 3585: 3566: 3550: 3537:Bruckner Studies 3527: 3525: 3523: 3495: 3494: 3492: 3468: 3465:Internet Archive 3442: 3430: 3427:Internet Archive 3404: 3395: 3349: 3348: 3340: 3334: 3328: 3322: 3315: 3309: 3308: 3306: 3304: 3289: 3283: 3260: 3254: 3253: 3251: 3249: 3234: 3228: 3221: 3215: 3209: 3203: 3193: 3187: 3186: 3184: 3182: 3167: 3161: 3160: 3158: 3156: 3141: 3135: 3134: 3132: 3130: 3124: 3117: 3113:, 2006/rev.2010" 3105: 3099: 3098: 3096: 3094: 3075: 3066: 3065: 3063: 3061: 3046: 3040: 3034: 3028: 3027: 3025: 3023: 3008: 3002: 2996: 2990: 2980: 2974: 2964: 2958: 2957: 2955: 2953: 2934: 2928: 2926: 2923: 2900:(8th ed.). 2887: 2881: 2880: 2867:Holland, Bernard 2863: 2857: 2851: 2845: 2839: 2833: 2827: 2821: 2820: 2818: 2816: 2796: 2790: 2789: 2787: 2785: 2765: 2759: 2758: 2756: 2754: 2735: 2729: 2728: 2726: 2724: 2704: 2698: 2697: 2695: 2693: 2674: 2668: 2667: 2665: 2663: 2648: 2642: 2636: 2630: 2629: 2617: 2609: 2600: 2594: 2585: 2584: 2582: 2580: 2561:(1 April 2014). 2555: 2549: 2543: 2537: 2531: 2525: 2524: 2522: 2520: 2506: 2500: 2493: 2487: 2480: 2474: 2473: 2463: 2457: 2454: 2448: 2442: 2436: 2430: 2424: 2417: 2411: 2405: 2399: 2393: 2387: 2386: 2378: 2372: 2362: 2356: 2355: 2353: 2351: 2336: 2330: 2329: 2318: 2312: 2311: 2309: 2307: 2288: 2282: 2281: 2267: 2261: 2255: 2249: 2243: 2237: 2231: 2225: 2215: 2209: 2208: 2197: 2191: 2190: 2188: 2186: 2167: 2161: 2160: 2153: 2147: 2146: 2144: 2142: 2133:. Archived from 2123: 2117: 2116: 2109:Internet Archive 2096: 2083: 2077: 2076: 2058: 2045: 2027: 2018: 2003: 1997: 1986: 1980: 1964: 1960: 1748: 1689: 1686: 1629:Rondo in C minor 1614:March in D minor 1562: 1437:No. 2 in E minor 1403: 1377:Windhaager Messe 1311: 1310: 1278:William Carragan 1272:other scholars ( 1266:critical edition 1086: 1085: 1084: 1083: 1071: 1070: 1069: 1068: 1043: 1042: 1041: 1040: 1009: 1008: 1007: 1006: 968: 967: 966: 965: 878: 877: 876: 875: 861: 860: 859: 858: 819:instrument, the 729: 704: 495: 491:Deutsche Zeitung 433:Seventh Symphony 425:March in D minor 150: 149: 148: 142: 137: 125: 93: 75:4 September 1824 74: 72: 58: 42: 28: 27: 8648: 8647: 8643: 8642: 8641: 8639: 8638: 8637: 8518: 8517: 8516: 8506: 8504: 8494: 8492: 8482: 8480: 8476:Classical music 8470: 8468: 8460: 8458: 8453: 8452: 8441: 8433: 8419: 8376:Romantic poetry 8361:Romantic ballet 8336:German idealism 8319: 8285:Lacoue-Labarthe 8211: 7958: 7776: 7725: 7694: 7675:Rimsky-Korsakov 7618: 7567: 7516: 7475: 7384: 7328: 7292: 7233: 7082: 7026: 6975: 6934: 6893: 6847: 6789: 6730:Maria Edgeworth 6666: 6659: 6538: 6460: 6370: 6349:Romantic genius 6279:Gesamtkunstwerk 6256: 6217:Sturm und Drang 6124: 6055: 6050: 6020: 6015: 5992: 5988:Modernist music 5984: 5981:Classical music 5971: 5916: 5861: 5842:Romantic ballet 5837:Orchestral song 5817:Chorale prelude 5812:Character piece 5795: 5786:Romantic guitar 5779:Instrumentation 5774: 5610:Rimsky-Korsakov 5230:Ferdinand David 5067: 5061: 5052: 5047: 5017: 5012: 4996: 4967:Bruckner rhythm 4935: 4874: 4836:Trösterin Musik 4756:Der Abendhimmel 4724:Der Abendhimmel 4644:Der Lehrerstand 4601: 4526: 4495:Auf Brüder! auf 4493:Mayer Cantata: 4469:Vergißmeinnicht 4434: 4408: 4330:Tota pulchra es 4282:Afferentur regi 4122: 4052: 3970: 3930: 3838: 3829: 3824: 3755: 3750: 3744: 3728: 3704: 3695: 3693: 3692:. sec. 2, p. 23 3678: 3673: 3653: 3647: 3631: 3625: 3604: 3588: 3582: 3569: 3553: 3547: 3530: 3521: 3519: 3507: 3503: 3501:Further reading 3498: 3490: 3488: 3461: 3423: 3379:(1511): 59–62, 3358: 3353: 3352: 3341: 3337: 3329: 3325: 3316: 3312: 3302: 3300: 3291: 3290: 3286: 3261: 3257: 3247: 3245: 3236: 3235: 3231: 3222: 3218: 3210: 3206: 3194: 3190: 3180: 3178: 3169: 3168: 3164: 3154: 3152: 3143: 3142: 3138: 3128: 3126: 3122: 3115: 3107: 3106: 3102: 3092: 3090: 3077: 3076: 3069: 3059: 3057: 3048: 3047: 3043: 3035: 3031: 3021: 3019: 3010: 3009: 3005: 2997: 2993: 2981: 2977: 2965: 2961: 2951: 2949: 2936: 2935: 2931: 2924: 2920: 2888: 2884: 2864: 2860: 2852: 2848: 2840: 2836: 2828: 2824: 2814: 2812: 2797: 2793: 2783: 2781: 2766: 2762: 2752: 2750: 2737: 2736: 2732: 2722: 2720: 2705: 2701: 2691: 2689: 2676: 2675: 2671: 2661: 2659: 2650: 2649: 2645: 2637: 2633: 2621:The Independent 2610: 2603: 2595: 2588: 2578: 2576: 2556: 2552: 2546:Schönzeler 1970 2544: 2540: 2532: 2528: 2518: 2516: 2508: 2507: 2503: 2494: 2490: 2481: 2477: 2464: 2460: 2455: 2451: 2443: 2439: 2431: 2427: 2419:Peter Gammond, 2418: 2414: 2408:Schönzeler 1970 2406: 2402: 2396:Schönzeler 1970 2394: 2390: 2379: 2375: 2363: 2359: 2349: 2347: 2338: 2337: 2333: 2319: 2315: 2305: 2303: 2290: 2289: 2285: 2268: 2264: 2256: 2252: 2246:Hinrichsen 2010 2244: 2240: 2232: 2228: 2216: 2212: 2198: 2194: 2184: 2182: 2169: 2168: 2164: 2155: 2154: 2150: 2140: 2138: 2137:on 27 July 2018 2131:52composers.com 2125: 2124: 2120: 2105: 2084: 2080: 2073: 2059: 2048: 2028: 2021: 2004: 2000: 1987: 1983: 1962: 1961: 1957: 1952: 1947: 1925: 1870: 1838:on 1 May 1945. 1816:Walhalla temple 1784: 1740: 1734: 1723:Götterdämmerung 1707:works for organ 1687: 1678:character piece 1606: 1458: 1401: 1339:Festive cantata 1323: 1322: 1321: 1320: 1319: 1312: 1305: 1302: 1293: 1213: 1207: 1171:Bernard Holland 1082: 1077: 1076: 1075: 1074: 1073: 1067: 1062: 1061: 1060: 1059: 1058: 1039: 1034: 1033: 1032: 1031: 1030: 1005: 1000: 999: 998: 997: 996: 964: 959: 958: 957: 956: 955: 940:and a powerful 874: 869: 868: 867: 866: 865: 857: 852: 851: 850: 849: 848: 833: 778:in pairs, four 760: 724: 722: 716: 698: 659: 653: 632:of his corpse. 618: 558:Fourth Symphony 493: 487:Eduard Hanslick 472:Friedrich Klose 470:. His student, 456: 448:Mass in D Minor 380: 351: 281: 231: 226: 224:Life and career 214:Johannes Brahms 210:Eduard Hanslick 144: 143: 135: 101: 95: 91: 90:11 October 1896 82: 76: 70: 68: 60: 52: 33: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 8646: 8636: 8635: 8630: 8625: 8620: 8615: 8610: 8605: 8600: 8595: 8590: 8585: 8580: 8575: 8570: 8565: 8560: 8555: 8550: 8545: 8540: 8535: 8530: 8528:Anton Bruckner 8515: 8514: 8502: 8490: 8478: 8455: 8454: 8434: 8426: 8425: 8424: 8421: 8420: 8418: 8417: 8410: 8409: 8408: 8403: 8393: 8388: 8383: 8378: 8373: 8368: 8363: 8358: 8353: 8348: 8343: 8338: 8333: 8327: 8325: 8324:Related topics 8321: 8320: 8318: 8317: 8312: 8307: 8302: 8297: 8292: 8287: 8282: 8277: 8272: 8267: 8262: 8257: 8252: 8247: 8242: 8237: 8232: 8227: 8221: 8219: 8213: 8212: 8210: 8209: 8204: 8199: 8194: 8189: 8184: 8179: 8174: 8169: 8164: 8159: 8154: 8149: 8144: 8139: 8134: 8129: 8124: 8119: 8114: 8109: 8104: 8099: 8094: 8089: 8084: 8079: 8074: 8069: 8064: 8059: 8054: 8052:Gallen-Kallela 8049: 8044: 8039: 8034: 8029: 8027:David d'Angers 8024: 8019: 8014: 8009: 8004: 7999: 7994: 7989: 7984: 7979: 7974: 7968: 7966: 7964:Visual artists 7960: 7959: 7957: 7956: 7951: 7946: 7941: 7936: 7931: 7926: 7924:Schleiermacher 7921: 7916: 7911: 7906: 7901: 7896: 7891: 7886: 7881: 7876: 7871: 7866: 7861: 7856: 7851: 7846: 7841: 7836: 7831: 7826: 7821: 7816: 7811: 7806: 7801: 7796: 7790: 7788: 7782: 7781: 7778: 7777: 7775: 7774: 7769: 7764: 7759: 7754: 7749: 7744: 7739: 7733: 7731: 7727: 7726: 7724: 7723: 7718: 7713: 7708: 7702: 7700: 7696: 7695: 7693: 7692: 7687: 7682: 7677: 7672: 7667: 7662: 7657: 7652: 7647: 7642: 7637: 7632: 7626: 7624: 7620: 7619: 7617: 7616: 7611: 7606: 7601: 7596: 7591: 7586: 7581: 7575: 7573: 7569: 7568: 7566: 7565: 7560: 7555: 7550: 7545: 7540: 7535: 7530: 7524: 7522: 7518: 7517: 7515: 7514: 7509: 7504: 7499: 7494: 7489: 7483: 7481: 7477: 7476: 7474: 7473: 7468: 7463: 7458: 7453: 7448: 7443: 7438: 7433: 7428: 7423: 7418: 7413: 7408: 7403: 7398: 7392: 7390: 7386: 7385: 7383: 7382: 7377: 7372: 7367: 7362: 7357: 7352: 7347: 7342: 7336: 7334: 7330: 7329: 7327: 7326: 7321: 7316: 7311: 7306: 7300: 7298: 7294: 7293: 7291: 7290: 7285: 7280: 7275: 7270: 7265: 7260: 7254: 7252: 7245: 7239: 7238: 7235: 7234: 7232: 7231: 7226: 7221: 7216: 7211: 7206: 7201: 7196: 7191: 7189:Oehlenschläger 7186: 7181: 7176: 7171: 7166: 7161: 7156: 7151: 7146: 7141: 7136: 7131: 7126: 7121: 7116: 7111: 7106: 7101: 7096: 7090: 7088: 7084: 7083: 7081: 7080: 7075: 7070: 7065: 7060: 7055: 7050: 7045: 7040: 7034: 7032: 7028: 7027: 7025: 7024: 7019: 7014: 7009: 7004: 6999: 6994: 6989: 6983: 6981: 6977: 6976: 6974: 6973: 6968: 6963: 6958: 6953: 6948: 6942: 6940: 6936: 6935: 6933: 6932: 6927: 6922: 6917: 6912: 6907: 6901: 6899: 6895: 6894: 6892: 6891: 6886: 6881: 6876: 6871: 6866: 6861: 6859:Castelo Branco 6855: 6853: 6849: 6848: 6846: 6845: 6840: 6835: 6830: 6825: 6820: 6815: 6810: 6805: 6799: 6797: 6791: 6790: 6788: 6787: 6782: 6777: 6772: 6767: 6762: 6757: 6752: 6747: 6742: 6737: 6732: 6727: 6722: 6717: 6712: 6707: 6702: 6697: 6692: 6687: 6682: 6677: 6671: 6669: 6661: 6660: 6658: 6657: 6652: 6647: 6642: 6637: 6632: 6627: 6622: 6617: 6612: 6607: 6602: 6597: 6592: 6587: 6585:Brothers Grimm 6582: 6577: 6572: 6567: 6562: 6557: 6552: 6546: 6544: 6540: 6539: 6537: 6536: 6531: 6526: 6521: 6516: 6511: 6506: 6501: 6496: 6491: 6486: 6481: 6476: 6470: 6468: 6462: 6461: 6459: 6458: 6453: 6448: 6443: 6438: 6433: 6428: 6423: 6418: 6413: 6408: 6403: 6398: 6393: 6387: 6385: 6378: 6372: 6371: 6369: 6368: 6363: 6356: 6351: 6346: 6341: 6336: 6331: 6326: 6321: 6316: 6309: 6304: 6303: 6302: 6297: 6287: 6285:Gothic fiction 6282: 6275: 6273:British Marine 6270: 6264: 6262: 6258: 6257: 6255: 6254: 6249: 6244: 6239: 6234: 6227: 6222: 6221: 6220: 6208: 6203: 6198: 6193: 6188: 6183: 6178: 6173: 6171:Gothic revival 6168: 6163: 6158: 6153: 6148: 6143: 6138: 6132: 6130: 6126: 6125: 6123: 6122: 6117: 6112: 6107: 6102: 6097: 6092: 6087: 6082: 6074: 6069: 6063: 6061: 6057: 6056: 6049: 6048: 6041: 6034: 6026: 6017: 6016: 6014: 6013: 6003: 5985: 5977: 5976: 5973: 5972: 5970: 5969: 5968: 5967: 5957: 5956: 5955: 5950: 5945: 5940: 5930: 5924: 5922: 5918: 5917: 5915: 5914: 5907: 5902: 5897: 5892: 5887: 5880: 5875: 5869: 5867: 5863: 5862: 5860: 5859: 5854: 5852:Symphonic poem 5849: 5847:Romantic opera 5844: 5839: 5834: 5829: 5824: 5819: 5814: 5809: 5803: 5801: 5797: 5796: 5794: 5793: 5788: 5782: 5780: 5776: 5775: 5773: 5772: 5767: 5762: 5757: 5752: 5747: 5742: 5737: 5732: 5727: 5722: 5717: 5712: 5707: 5702: 5697: 5692: 5687: 5682: 5677: 5672: 5667: 5662: 5657: 5652: 5647: 5642: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5622: 5617: 5612: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5592: 5587: 5582: 5577: 5572: 5567: 5562: 5557: 5552: 5547: 5542: 5537: 5532: 5527: 5522: 5517: 5512: 5507: 5502: 5497: 5492: 5487: 5482: 5477: 5472: 5467: 5462: 5457: 5452: 5447: 5442: 5437: 5432: 5427: 5422: 5417: 5412: 5407: 5402: 5397: 5392: 5387: 5382: 5377: 5372: 5367: 5362: 5357: 5352: 5347: 5342: 5337: 5332: 5327: 5322: 5317: 5312: 5307: 5302: 5297: 5292: 5287: 5282: 5277: 5272: 5267: 5262: 5257: 5252: 5247: 5242: 5237: 5232: 5227: 5225:Félicien David 5222: 5217: 5212: 5207: 5202: 5197: 5192: 5187: 5182: 5177: 5172: 5167: 5162: 5157: 5152: 5147: 5142: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5102: 5097: 5092: 5087: 5082: 5077: 5071: 5069: 5063: 5062: 5057: 5054: 5053: 5050:Romantic music 5046: 5045: 5038: 5031: 5023: 5014: 5013: 5001: 4998: 4997: 4995: 4994: 4989: 4984: 4979: 4974: 4969: 4964: 4959: 4954: 4949: 4943: 4941: 4937: 4936: 4934: 4933: 4927: 4924:String Quintet 4921: 4913: 4907: 4904:String Quartet 4901: 4895: 4888: 4886: 4880: 4879: 4876: 4875: 4873: 4872: 4864: 4856: 4848: 4844:Um Mitternacht 4840: 4832: 4824: 4816: 4808: 4800: 4792: 4784: 4776: 4768: 4764:Vaterlandslied 4760: 4752: 4744: 4740:Um Mitternacht 4736: 4728: 4720: 4712: 4704: 4696: 4688: 4680: 4672: 4664: 4656: 4652:Sternschnuppen 4648: 4640: 4632: 4624: 4616: 4609: 4607: 4603: 4602: 4600: 4599: 4591: 4583: 4575: 4567: 4559: 4551: 4543: 4536: 4534: 4528: 4527: 4525: 4524: 4516: 4508: 4499: 4490: 4481: 4473: 4465: 4458: 4456: 4449: 4440: 4439: 4436: 4435: 4433: 4432: 4423: 4416: 4414: 4410: 4409: 4407: 4406: 4398: 4390: 4382: 4374: 4366: 4358: 4350: 4342: 4334: 4326: 4318: 4310: 4302: 4294: 4286: 4278: 4270: 4262: 4254: 4246: 4237: 4229: 4221: 4212: 4208:Herz Jesu-Lied 4204: 4196: 4188: 4180: 4172: 4163: 4155: 4147: 4146:(c. 1835/1891) 4139: 4138:(c. 1835–1892) 4132: 4130: 4124: 4123: 4121: 4120: 4114: 4108: 4102: 4093: 4087: 4081: 4075: 4069: 4066:Psalm settings 4062: 4060: 4054: 4053: 4051: 4050: 4044: 4038: 4032: 4029:Missa solemnis 4026: 4020: 4012: 4004: 3996: 3989: 3987: 3978: 3972: 3971: 3969: 3968: 3960: 3954: 3948: 3941: 3939: 3932: 3931: 3929: 3928: 3919: 3913: 3907: 3901: 3895: 3885: 3879: 3873: 3867: 3861: 3855: 3848: 3846: 3840: 3839: 3834: 3831: 3830: 3827:Anton Bruckner 3823: 3822: 3815: 3808: 3800: 3794: 3793: 3787: 3781: 3776: 3766: 3754: 3753:External links 3751: 3749: 3748: 3742: 3726: 3716:Chisholm, Hugh 3702: 3676: 3671: 3651: 3645: 3629: 3623: 3602: 3586: 3580: 3572:Anton Bruckner 3567: 3551: 3545: 3528: 3504: 3502: 3499: 3497: 3496: 3469: 3459: 3431: 3421: 3396: 3363: 3359: 3357: 3354: 3351: 3350: 3335: 3333:, p. 437. 3323: 3310: 3284: 3255: 3229: 3216: 3204: 3188: 3162: 3136: 3100: 3067: 3041: 3029: 3003: 2991: 2975: 2959: 2929: 2918: 2882: 2858: 2856:, p. 365. 2846: 2844:, p. 462. 2842:Temperley 1980 2834: 2830:Temperley 1980 2822: 2791: 2760: 2730: 2699: 2669: 2643: 2631: 2601: 2586: 2550: 2538: 2526: 2501: 2488: 2475: 2458: 2449: 2437: 2425: 2412: 2400: 2388: 2373: 2357: 2331: 2324:, ed. (2010). 2313: 2283: 2262: 2250: 2238: 2226: 2210: 2192: 2162: 2148: 2118: 2103: 2078: 2071: 2063:Anton Bruckner 2046: 2030:Rudolf Kloiber 2019: 1998: 1981: 1954: 1953: 1951: 1948: 1946: 1943: 1942: 1941: 1936: 1931: 1924: 1921: 1869: 1866: 1836:Hitler's death 1800:of the German 1783: 1780: 1779: 1778: 1774: 1755: 1736:Main article: 1733: 1728: 1664:Military march 1633:String Quintet 1625:String Quartet 1605: 1602: 1595:(WAB 71), for 1583:, on texts by 1457: 1454: 1407:Missa solemnis 1345:, about forty 1331:psalm settings 1313: 1303: 1298: 1297: 1296: 1295: 1294: 1292: 1289: 1206: 1203: 1127:Ninth Symphony 1105: 1104: 1101:Symphony No. 8 1097:Symphony No. 7 1093:Symphony No. 2 1078: 1063: 1049: 1035: 1027:Symphony No. 4 1001: 986: 983:Symphony No. 9 979:Symphony No. 8 975:Symphony No. 2 960: 945: 930:Symphony No. 4 908:, repeated in 882:Symphony No. 2 870: 853: 832: 829: 759: 756: 748:Symphony No. 4 715: 712: 705:and conductor 652: 649: 534:string quintet 532:, including a 502:Arthur Nikisch 468:Richard Robert 455: 452: 413:Richard Wagner 389:Missa solemnis 379: 376: 350: 347: 280: 277: 230: 227: 225: 222: 203:Hans von Bülow 195:Richard Wagner 127: 126: 118: 117: 113: 112: 107: 103: 102: 96: 94:(aged 72) 88: 84: 83: 77: 66: 62: 61: 43: 35: 34: 32:Anton Bruckner 31: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 8645: 8634: 8631: 8629: 8626: 8624: 8621: 8619: 8616: 8614: 8611: 8609: 8606: 8604: 8601: 8599: 8596: 8594: 8591: 8589: 8586: 8584: 8581: 8579: 8576: 8574: 8571: 8569: 8566: 8564: 8561: 8559: 8556: 8554: 8551: 8549: 8546: 8544: 8541: 8539: 8536: 8534: 8531: 8529: 8526: 8525: 8523: 8513: 8503: 8501: 8491: 8489: 8479: 8477: 8467: 8466: 8463: 8451: 8450: 8439: 8438: 8432: 8431: 8422: 8416: 8415: 8411: 8407: 8404: 8402: 8399: 8398: 8397: 8394: 8392: 8389: 8387: 8384: 8382: 8379: 8377: 8374: 8372: 8369: 8367: 8364: 8362: 8359: 8357: 8354: 8352: 8349: 8347: 8344: 8342: 8339: 8337: 8334: 8332: 8329: 8328: 8326: 8322: 8316: 8313: 8311: 8308: 8306: 8303: 8301: 8298: 8296: 8293: 8291: 8288: 8286: 8283: 8281: 8278: 8276: 8273: 8271: 8268: 8266: 8263: 8261: 8258: 8256: 8253: 8251: 8248: 8246: 8243: 8241: 8238: 8236: 8233: 8231: 8228: 8226: 8223: 8222: 8220: 8218: 8214: 8208: 8205: 8203: 8200: 8198: 8195: 8193: 8190: 8188: 8185: 8183: 8180: 8178: 8175: 8173: 8170: 8168: 8165: 8163: 8160: 8158: 8155: 8153: 8150: 8148: 8145: 8143: 8140: 8138: 8135: 8133: 8130: 8128: 8125: 8123: 8120: 8118: 8115: 8113: 8110: 8108: 8105: 8103: 8100: 8098: 8095: 8093: 8090: 8088: 8085: 8083: 8080: 8078: 8075: 8073: 8070: 8068: 8065: 8063: 8060: 8058: 8055: 8053: 8050: 8048: 8045: 8043: 8040: 8038: 8035: 8033: 8030: 8028: 8025: 8023: 8020: 8018: 8015: 8013: 8010: 8008: 8005: 8003: 8000: 7998: 7995: 7993: 7990: 7988: 7985: 7983: 7980: 7978: 7975: 7973: 7970: 7969: 7967: 7965: 7961: 7955: 7952: 7950: 7947: 7945: 7942: 7940: 7937: 7935: 7932: 7930: 7927: 7925: 7922: 7920: 7917: 7915: 7912: 7910: 7907: 7905: 7902: 7900: 7897: 7895: 7892: 7890: 7887: 7885: 7882: 7880: 7877: 7875: 7872: 7870: 7867: 7865: 7862: 7860: 7857: 7855: 7852: 7850: 7847: 7845: 7842: 7840: 7837: 7835: 7832: 7830: 7827: 7825: 7822: 7820: 7817: 7815: 7812: 7810: 7807: 7805: 7802: 7800: 7797: 7795: 7792: 7791: 7789: 7787: 7783: 7773: 7770: 7768: 7765: 7763: 7760: 7758: 7755: 7753: 7750: 7748: 7745: 7743: 7740: 7738: 7735: 7734: 7732: 7728: 7722: 7719: 7717: 7714: 7712: 7709: 7707: 7704: 7703: 7701: 7697: 7691: 7688: 7686: 7683: 7681: 7678: 7676: 7673: 7671: 7668: 7666: 7663: 7661: 7658: 7656: 7653: 7651: 7648: 7646: 7643: 7641: 7638: 7636: 7633: 7631: 7628: 7627: 7625: 7621: 7615: 7612: 7610: 7607: 7605: 7602: 7600: 7597: 7595: 7592: 7590: 7587: 7585: 7582: 7580: 7577: 7576: 7574: 7570: 7564: 7561: 7559: 7556: 7554: 7551: 7549: 7546: 7544: 7541: 7539: 7536: 7534: 7531: 7529: 7526: 7525: 7523: 7519: 7513: 7510: 7508: 7505: 7503: 7500: 7498: 7495: 7493: 7490: 7488: 7485: 7484: 7482: 7478: 7472: 7469: 7467: 7464: 7462: 7459: 7457: 7454: 7452: 7449: 7447: 7444: 7442: 7439: 7437: 7434: 7432: 7429: 7427: 7424: 7422: 7419: 7417: 7414: 7412: 7409: 7407: 7404: 7402: 7399: 7397: 7394: 7393: 7391: 7387: 7381: 7378: 7376: 7373: 7371: 7368: 7366: 7363: 7361: 7358: 7356: 7353: 7351: 7348: 7346: 7343: 7341: 7338: 7337: 7335: 7331: 7325: 7322: 7320: 7317: 7315: 7312: 7310: 7307: 7305: 7302: 7301: 7299: 7295: 7289: 7286: 7284: 7281: 7279: 7276: 7274: 7271: 7269: 7266: 7264: 7261: 7259: 7256: 7255: 7253: 7249: 7246: 7244: 7240: 7230: 7227: 7225: 7222: 7220: 7217: 7215: 7212: 7210: 7207: 7205: 7202: 7200: 7197: 7195: 7192: 7190: 7187: 7185: 7182: 7180: 7177: 7175: 7172: 7170: 7167: 7165: 7162: 7160: 7157: 7155: 7152: 7150: 7147: 7145: 7144:Nikolai Gogol 7142: 7140: 7137: 7135: 7132: 7130: 7127: 7125: 7122: 7120: 7117: 7115: 7112: 7110: 7107: 7105: 7102: 7100: 7097: 7095: 7092: 7091: 7089: 7085: 7079: 7076: 7074: 7071: 7069: 7066: 7064: 7061: 7059: 7056: 7054: 7051: 7049: 7046: 7044: 7041: 7039: 7036: 7035: 7033: 7029: 7023: 7020: 7018: 7015: 7013: 7010: 7008: 7005: 7003: 7000: 6998: 6995: 6993: 6990: 6988: 6985: 6984: 6982: 6978: 6972: 6969: 6967: 6964: 6962: 6959: 6957: 6954: 6952: 6949: 6947: 6944: 6943: 6941: 6937: 6931: 6928: 6926: 6923: 6921: 6918: 6916: 6913: 6911: 6908: 6906: 6903: 6902: 6900: 6896: 6890: 6887: 6885: 6882: 6880: 6877: 6875: 6872: 6870: 6867: 6865: 6862: 6860: 6857: 6856: 6854: 6850: 6844: 6841: 6839: 6836: 6834: 6831: 6829: 6826: 6824: 6821: 6819: 6816: 6814: 6811: 6809: 6806: 6804: 6801: 6800: 6798: 6796: 6792: 6786: 6783: 6781: 6778: 6776: 6775:P. B. Shelley 6773: 6771: 6768: 6766: 6763: 6761: 6758: 6756: 6755:Mary Robinson 6753: 6751: 6748: 6746: 6743: 6741: 6738: 6736: 6733: 6731: 6728: 6726: 6723: 6721: 6718: 6716: 6713: 6711: 6708: 6706: 6703: 6701: 6698: 6696: 6693: 6691: 6688: 6686: 6683: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6673: 6672: 6670: 6668: 6662: 6656: 6653: 6651: 6648: 6646: 6643: 6641: 6638: 6636: 6633: 6631: 6628: 6626: 6623: 6621: 6618: 6616: 6613: 6611: 6608: 6606: 6603: 6601: 6598: 6596: 6593: 6591: 6588: 6586: 6583: 6581: 6578: 6576: 6573: 6571: 6568: 6566: 6563: 6561: 6558: 6556: 6553: 6551: 6548: 6547: 6545: 6541: 6535: 6532: 6530: 6527: 6525: 6522: 6520: 6517: 6515: 6512: 6510: 6507: 6505: 6502: 6500: 6497: 6495: 6492: 6490: 6487: 6485: 6484:Chateaubriand 6482: 6480: 6477: 6475: 6472: 6471: 6469: 6467: 6463: 6457: 6454: 6452: 6449: 6447: 6444: 6442: 6439: 6437: 6434: 6432: 6429: 6427: 6424: 6422: 6419: 6417: 6414: 6412: 6409: 6407: 6404: 6402: 6399: 6397: 6394: 6392: 6389: 6388: 6386: 6382: 6379: 6377: 6373: 6367: 6364: 6362: 6361: 6357: 6355: 6352: 6350: 6347: 6345: 6342: 6340: 6337: 6335: 6332: 6330: 6327: 6325: 6322: 6320: 6317: 6315: 6314: 6313:Mal du siècle 6310: 6308: 6305: 6301: 6298: 6296: 6293: 6292: 6291: 6288: 6286: 6283: 6281: 6280: 6276: 6274: 6271: 6269: 6266: 6265: 6263: 6259: 6253: 6250: 6248: 6245: 6243: 6240: 6238: 6235: 6233: 6232: 6228: 6226: 6223: 6219: 6218: 6214: 6213: 6212: 6209: 6207: 6204: 6202: 6199: 6197: 6194: 6192: 6189: 6187: 6184: 6182: 6179: 6177: 6174: 6172: 6169: 6167: 6164: 6162: 6159: 6157: 6154: 6152: 6149: 6147: 6144: 6142: 6139: 6137: 6134: 6133: 6131: 6127: 6121: 6118: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6093: 6091: 6088: 6086: 6083: 6081: 6078: 6075: 6073: 6070: 6068: 6065: 6064: 6062: 6058: 6054: 6047: 6042: 6040: 6035: 6033: 6028: 6027: 6024: 6012: 6008: 6004: 6002: 5994: 5993: 5990: 5989: 5983: 5982: 5974: 5966: 5963: 5962: 5961: 5958: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5944: 5941: 5939: 5936: 5935: 5934: 5931: 5929: 5926: 5925: 5923: 5919: 5912: 5908: 5906: 5903: 5901: 5898: 5896: 5893: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5885: 5881: 5879: 5876: 5874: 5871: 5870: 5868: 5864: 5858: 5855: 5853: 5850: 5848: 5845: 5843: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5833: 5830: 5828: 5825: 5823: 5820: 5818: 5815: 5813: 5810: 5808: 5805: 5804: 5802: 5798: 5792: 5789: 5787: 5784: 5783: 5781: 5777: 5771: 5768: 5766: 5763: 5761: 5758: 5756: 5753: 5751: 5748: 5746: 5743: 5741: 5738: 5736: 5733: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5695:J. Strauss II 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5671: 5668: 5666: 5663: 5661: 5658: 5656: 5653: 5651: 5648: 5646: 5643: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5593: 5591: 5588: 5586: 5583: 5581: 5578: 5576: 5573: 5571: 5568: 5566: 5563: 5561: 5558: 5556: 5553: 5551: 5548: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5536: 5533: 5531: 5528: 5526: 5523: 5521: 5518: 5516: 5513: 5511: 5508: 5506: 5503: 5501: 5498: 5496: 5493: 5491: 5488: 5486: 5483: 5481: 5478: 5476: 5473: 5471: 5468: 5466: 5463: 5461: 5458: 5456: 5453: 5451: 5448: 5446: 5443: 5441: 5438: 5436: 5433: 5431: 5428: 5426: 5423: 5421: 5418: 5416: 5413: 5411: 5408: 5406: 5403: 5401: 5398: 5396: 5393: 5391: 5388: 5386: 5383: 5381: 5378: 5376: 5373: 5371: 5368: 5366: 5363: 5361: 5358: 5356: 5353: 5351: 5348: 5346: 5343: 5341: 5338: 5336: 5333: 5331: 5328: 5326: 5323: 5321: 5318: 5316: 5313: 5311: 5308: 5306: 5303: 5301: 5298: 5296: 5293: 5291: 5288: 5286: 5283: 5281: 5278: 5276: 5273: 5271: 5268: 5266: 5263: 5261: 5258: 5256: 5253: 5251: 5248: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5238: 5236: 5233: 5231: 5228: 5226: 5223: 5221: 5218: 5216: 5213: 5211: 5208: 5206: 5203: 5201: 5198: 5196: 5193: 5191: 5188: 5186: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5176: 5173: 5171: 5168: 5166: 5163: 5161: 5158: 5156: 5153: 5151: 5148: 5146: 5143: 5141: 5138: 5136: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5116: 5113: 5111: 5108: 5106: 5103: 5101: 5098: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5073: 5072: 5070: 5066:Composers and 5064: 5060: 5055: 5051: 5044: 5039: 5037: 5032: 5030: 5025: 5024: 5021: 5011: 5010: 4999: 4993: 4990: 4988: 4985: 4983: 4980: 4978: 4975: 4973: 4970: 4968: 4965: 4963: 4960: 4958: 4955: 4953: 4950: 4948: 4945: 4944: 4942: 4938: 4931: 4928: 4925: 4922: 4919: 4918: 4914: 4911: 4908: 4905: 4902: 4899: 4898:Chamber music 4896: 4893: 4890: 4889: 4887: 4885: 4881: 4870: 4869: 4865: 4862: 4861: 4857: 4854: 4853: 4849: 4846: 4845: 4841: 4838: 4837: 4833: 4830: 4829: 4825: 4822: 4821: 4817: 4814: 4813: 4809: 4806: 4805: 4801: 4798: 4797: 4796:Das hohe Lied 4793: 4790: 4789: 4785: 4782: 4781: 4777: 4774: 4773: 4769: 4766: 4765: 4761: 4758: 4757: 4753: 4750: 4749: 4745: 4742: 4741: 4737: 4734: 4733: 4729: 4726: 4725: 4721: 4718: 4717: 4713: 4710: 4709: 4705: 4702: 4701: 4700:Das edle Herz 4697: 4694: 4693: 4689: 4686: 4685: 4681: 4678: 4677: 4673: 4670: 4669: 4665: 4662: 4661: 4660:Das edle Herz 4657: 4654: 4653: 4649: 4646: 4645: 4641: 4638: 4637: 4633: 4630: 4629: 4625: 4622: 4621: 4617: 4614: 4611: 4610: 4608: 4604: 4597: 4596: 4592: 4589: 4588: 4584: 4581: 4580: 4576: 4573: 4572: 4568: 4565: 4564: 4560: 4557: 4556: 4555:Frühlingslied 4552: 4549: 4548: 4547:Der Mondabend 4544: 4541: 4538: 4537: 4535: 4533: 4529: 4522: 4521: 4517: 4514: 4513: 4509: 4506: 4505: 4500: 4497: 4496: 4491: 4488: 4487: 4482: 4479: 4478: 4474: 4471: 4470: 4466: 4463: 4460: 4459: 4457: 4453: 4450: 4448: 4445: 4441: 4430: 4429: 4424: 4421: 4418: 4417: 4415: 4411: 4404: 4403: 4402:Vexilla regis 4399: 4396: 4395: 4391: 4388: 4387: 4383: 4380: 4379: 4375: 4372: 4371: 4367: 4364: 4363: 4359: 4356: 4355: 4351: 4348: 4347: 4343: 4340: 4339: 4335: 4332: 4331: 4327: 4324: 4323: 4319: 4316: 4315: 4311: 4308: 4307: 4303: 4300: 4299: 4295: 4292: 4291: 4287: 4284: 4283: 4279: 4276: 4275: 4271: 4268: 4267: 4263: 4260: 4259: 4255: 4252: 4251: 4247: 4244: 4243: 4238: 4235: 4234: 4230: 4227: 4226: 4222: 4219: 4218: 4213: 4210: 4209: 4205: 4202: 4201: 4197: 4194: 4193: 4189: 4186: 4185: 4181: 4178: 4177: 4173: 4170: 4169: 4164: 4161: 4160: 4156: 4153: 4152: 4148: 4145: 4144: 4140: 4137: 4134: 4133: 4131: 4129: 4125: 4118: 4115: 4112: 4109: 4106: 4103: 4100: 4099: 4094: 4091: 4088: 4085: 4082: 4079: 4076: 4073: 4070: 4067: 4064: 4063: 4061: 4059: 4055: 4048: 4045: 4042: 4039: 4036: 4033: 4030: 4027: 4024: 4021: 4018: 4017: 4013: 4010: 4009: 4005: 4002: 4001: 3997: 3994: 3991: 3990: 3988: 3986: 3982: 3979: 3977: 3973: 3966: 3965: 3961: 3958: 3955: 3952: 3949: 3946: 3943: 3942: 3940: 3938: 3933: 3923: 3920: 3917: 3914: 3911: 3908: 3905: 3902: 3899: 3896: 3893: 3889: 3886: 3883: 3880: 3877: 3874: 3871: 3868: 3865: 3862: 3859: 3856: 3853: 3850: 3849: 3847: 3845: 3841: 3837: 3832: 3828: 3821: 3816: 3814: 3809: 3807: 3802: 3801: 3798: 3791: 3788: 3785: 3782: 3780: 3777: 3774: 3770: 3767: 3764: 3760: 3757: 3756: 3745: 3739: 3735: 3731: 3727: 3723: 3722: 3717: 3712: 3707: 3703: 3691: 3690: 3685: 3681: 3677: 3674: 3668: 3664: 3660: 3656: 3652: 3648: 3642: 3638: 3634: 3630: 3626: 3620: 3616: 3612: 3608: 3603: 3599: 3596:(in German). 3595: 3591: 3590:Helm, Theodor 3587: 3583: 3577: 3573: 3568: 3564: 3561:(in German). 3560: 3556: 3552: 3548: 3542: 3538: 3534: 3529: 3517: 3516: 3511: 3506: 3505: 3486: 3482: 3478: 3474: 3473:Walter, Bruno 3470: 3466: 3462: 3456: 3452: 3451: 3446: 3445:Stanley Sadie 3441: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3418: 3414: 3413: 3408: 3407:Stanley Sadie 3403: 3397: 3394: 3390: 3386: 3382: 3378: 3374: 3373: 3368: 3367:Cooke, Deryck 3364: 3361: 3360: 3346: 3339: 3332: 3327: 3320: 3314: 3298: 3294: 3288: 3282: 3278: 3274: 3273:Penguin Books 3270: 3269: 3264: 3259: 3243: 3239: 3233: 3226: 3220: 3213: 3208: 3201: 3197: 3192: 3176: 3172: 3166: 3150: 3146: 3140: 3121: 3114: 3112: 3104: 3088: 3084: 3080: 3074: 3072: 3055: 3051: 3045: 3038: 3033: 3017: 3013: 3007: 3000: 2995: 2988: 2984: 2979: 2972: 2968: 2963: 2947: 2943: 2939: 2933: 2921: 2915: 2911: 2907: 2903: 2899: 2898: 2893: 2886: 2878: 2877: 2872: 2868: 2862: 2855: 2850: 2843: 2838: 2831: 2826: 2810: 2806: 2802: 2795: 2779: 2775: 2771: 2764: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2734: 2718: 2714: 2710: 2703: 2687: 2683: 2679: 2673: 2657: 2653: 2647: 2641:, p. 46. 2640: 2635: 2627: 2623: 2622: 2616: 2608: 2606: 2599:, p. 360 2598: 2593: 2591: 2574: 2570: 2569: 2564: 2560: 2554: 2547: 2542: 2536:, p. 39. 2535: 2530: 2515: 2514:Violinman.com 2511: 2505: 2498: 2492: 2485: 2479: 2471: 2470: 2462: 2453: 2446: 2441: 2434: 2429: 2422: 2416: 2410:, p. 173 2409: 2404: 2397: 2392: 2384: 2377: 2370: 2368: 2367:Gustav Mahler 2361: 2345: 2341: 2335: 2327: 2323: 2317: 2301: 2297: 2293: 2287: 2279: 2275: 2274: 2266: 2259: 2254: 2248:, p. 18. 2247: 2242: 2236:, p. 27. 2235: 2230: 2224:, pp. 17, 306 2223: 2219: 2214: 2206: 2202: 2201:Watson, Derek 2196: 2180: 2176: 2175:Abruckner.com 2172: 2166: 2158: 2152: 2136: 2132: 2128: 2122: 2115: 2110: 2106: 2100: 2095: 2094: 2088: 2082: 2074: 2068: 2064: 2057: 2055: 2053: 2051: 2044:. pp. 241–285 2043: 2039: 2035: 2031: 2026: 2024: 2016: 2012: 2011:Gustav Mahler 2008: 2002: 1995: 1991: 1985: 1979: 1975: 1971: 1967: 1959: 1955: 1940: 1937: 1935: 1932: 1930: 1927: 1926: 1920: 1918: 1917: 1912: 1908: 1904: 1903: 1898: 1895:In addition, 1893: 1891: 1887: 1883: 1879: 1876:'s 1995 film 1875: 1865: 1863: 1858: 1856: 1852: 1846: 1844: 1839: 1837: 1833: 1828: 1823: 1821: 1817: 1813: 1809: 1805: 1804: 1799: 1798: 1793: 1788: 1775: 1772: 1769: 1764: 1760: 1759:Leopold Nowak 1756: 1753: 1752: 1751: 1749: 1747: 1739: 1732: 1727: 1725: 1724: 1719: 1714: 1712: 1711:Präludienbuch 1708: 1704: 1699: 1697: 1693: 1681: 1679: 1675: 1674: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1655: 1651: 1650:Gustav Mahler 1647: 1646: 1640: 1638: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1621: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1601: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1586: 1582: 1581: 1576: 1575: 1570: 1565: 1563: 1561: 1560:Gesamtausgabe 1555: 1554: 1549: 1545: 1540: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1529: 1524: 1519: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1462: 1453: 1451: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1434: 1433: 1428: 1424: 1419: 1417: 1413: 1409: 1408: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1390: 1385: 1384: 1379: 1378: 1372: 1370: 1366: 1365: 1360: 1359: 1354: 1353: 1348: 1344: 1340: 1336: 1332: 1328: 1317: 1301: 1288: 1286: 1283: 1279: 1275: 1274:Leopold Nowak 1271: 1267: 1263: 1258: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1232: 1228: 1223: 1221: 1218: 1212: 1202: 1199: 1191: 1186: 1182: 1180: 1175: 1172: 1166: 1161: 1159: 1153: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1138: 1131: 1128: 1124: 1117: 1115: 1114: 1109: 1102: 1098: 1094: 1090: 1081: 1066: 1056: 1055: 1050: 1047: 1038: 1028: 1024: 1023: 1018: 1014: 1010: 1004: 993: 992: 987: 984: 980: 976: 972: 963: 953: 949: 946: 943: 939: 935: 931: 927: 924:and often in 923: 919: 915: 911: 907: 903: 899: 895: 891: 887: 883: 879: 873: 862: 856: 845: 842: 841: 840: 838: 828: 826: 822: 817: 813: 809: 805: 801: 797: 793: 789: 785: 781: 777: 769: 764: 755: 753: 749: 745: 741: 736: 721: 711: 708: 707:Leon Botstein 702: 697: 693: 692:Leopold Nowak 689: 685: 680: 670: 666: 664: 658: 648: 646: 642: 638: 633: 631: 625: 623: 617: 615: 610: 600: 596: 594: 593:Gustav Mahler 590: 589:Franz Schmidt 586: 582: 578: 574: 569: 567: 563: 559: 553: 551: 547: 543: 539: 535: 531: 530:chamber works 527: 523: 519: 514: 512: 507: 503: 499: 496:music critic 492: 488: 484: 480: 475: 473: 469: 465: 461: 451: 449: 445: 444: 438: 434: 430: 426: 422: 418: 414: 410: 401: 397: 395: 391: 390: 385: 384:Simon Sechter 375: 373: 369: 365: 364:Michael Haydn 355: 346: 344: 343: 338: 334: 330: 326: 322: 318: 316: 311: 309: 304: 303:Sankt Florian 300: 297: 289: 285: 276: 274: 273: 268: 264: 258: 256: 252: 244: 240: 237:The house in 235: 221: 219: 218:Gustav Mahler 215: 211: 206: 204: 200: 196: 191: 189: 186:, and roving 185: 182:, unprepared 181: 177: 173: 170: 169:Austro-German 166: 162: 158: 154: 147: 141: 133: 124: 119: 114: 111: 108: 104: 99: 89: 85: 80: 67: 63: 56: 51: 48:(portrait by 47: 41: 36: 29: 26: 22: 8442: 8435: 8428: 8412: 8132:Porto-Alegre 7786:Philosophers 7670:Rachmaninoff 7257: 7119:Chavchavadze 7109:Baratashvili 6869:João de Deus 6838:Wincenty Pol 6630:Küchelbecker 6358: 6324:Noble savage 6311: 6277: 6252:Wallenrodism 6229: 6215: 6146:Coppet group 6080:(literature) 5986: 5979: 5882: 5866:Other topics 5690:J. Strauss I 5580:Rachmaninoff 5335:Gretchaninov 5174: 5002: 4982:Brucknerhaus 4916: 4867: 4859: 4851: 4843: 4835: 4827: 4819: 4811: 4803: 4795: 4787: 4779: 4771: 4763: 4755: 4748:Trauungschor 4747: 4739: 4731: 4723: 4715: 4707: 4699: 4691: 4682: 4675: 4667: 4659: 4651: 4643: 4635: 4627: 4620:An dem Feste 4619: 4606:Choral works 4594: 4586: 4578: 4571:Herbstkummer 4570: 4562: 4554: 4546: 4519: 4510: 4503: 4502:Festgesang: 4494: 4485: 4476: 4468: 4427: 4401: 4393: 4385: 4377: 4369: 4361: 4353: 4345: 4337: 4329: 4321: 4313: 4305: 4298:Inveni David 4297: 4290:Pange lingua 4289: 4280: 4273: 4265: 4257: 4249: 4241: 4231: 4224: 4216: 4206: 4198: 4190: 4183: 4175: 4167: 4158: 4150: 4143:Pange lingua 4142: 4097: 4014: 4006: 3998: 3976:Sacred works 3963: 3926:(unfinished) 3891: 3826: 3765:(ChoralWiki) 3733: 3719: 3694:. Retrieved 3687: 3658: 3636: 3606: 3597: 3593: 3571: 3562: 3558: 3536: 3520:. Retrieved 3513: 3489:, retrieved 3484: 3480: 3463:– via 3448: 3425:– via 3410: 3376: 3370: 3344: 3338: 3326: 3318: 3313: 3301:. Retrieved 3287: 3271:. New York: 3266: 3258: 3246:. Retrieved 3232: 3224: 3219: 3207: 3199: 3191: 3179:. Retrieved 3165: 3153:. Retrieved 3149:the original 3139: 3127:. Retrieved 3110: 3103: 3091:. Retrieved 3082: 3058:. Retrieved 3044: 3032: 3020:. Retrieved 3006: 2994: 2986: 2978: 2970: 2962: 2950:. Retrieved 2941: 2932: 2895: 2891: 2885: 2874: 2861: 2849: 2837: 2825: 2813:. Retrieved 2805:Carragan.com 2804: 2794: 2782:. Retrieved 2774:Carragan.com 2773: 2763: 2751:. Retrieved 2742: 2733: 2721:. Retrieved 2713:Carragan.com 2712: 2702: 2690:. Retrieved 2681: 2672: 2660:. Retrieved 2646: 2634: 2619: 2577:. Retrieved 2568:The Guardian 2566: 2559:Service, Tom 2553: 2541: 2529: 2517:. Retrieved 2513: 2504: 2496: 2491: 2483: 2478: 2468: 2461: 2456:Walter n.d. 2452: 2440: 2428: 2420: 2415: 2403: 2391: 2382: 2376: 2366: 2360: 2348:. Retrieved 2334: 2325: 2316: 2304:. Retrieved 2295: 2286: 2277: 2271: 2265: 2253: 2241: 2229: 2221: 2213: 2204: 2195: 2183:. Retrieved 2174: 2165: 2156: 2151: 2139:. Retrieved 2135:the original 2130: 2121: 2114:grandfather. 2112: 2107:– via 2092: 2081: 2062: 2033: 2007:Bruno Walter 2001: 1993: 1984: 1969: 1958: 1914: 1900: 1894: 1885: 1884:'s TV movie 1877: 1871: 1859: 1847: 1843:Brucknerhaus 1840: 1827:Adolf Hitler 1824: 1820:Nazi Germany 1801: 1795: 1789: 1785: 1777:publication. 1770: 1762: 1743: 1741: 1730: 1721: 1717: 1715: 1710: 1700: 1695: 1682: 1672: 1667: 1658: 1643: 1641: 1622: 1607: 1592: 1588: 1578: 1572: 1566: 1557: 1552: 1541: 1527: 1523:Derek Watson 1515: 1430: 1427:3 in F minor 1423:1 in D minor 1420: 1412:installation 1406: 1393: 1387: 1381: 1375: 1373: 1362: 1356: 1350: 1324: 1284: 1270:World War II 1259: 1224: 1220:Deryck Cooke 1217:musicologist 1214: 1195: 1188:Copy of the 1178: 1176: 1168: 1163: 1157: 1155: 1134: 1119: 1111: 1106: 1089:introduction 1079: 1064: 1051: 1036: 1020: 1002: 988: 961: 950:, mostly an 947: 888:in modified 871: 854: 843: 834: 824: 796:Wagner tubas 773: 751: 737: 734: 679:Deryck Cooke 675: 662: 660: 651:Compositions 634: 626: 619: 606: 573:Henry Willis 570: 562:Hans Richter 554: 538:contrapuntal 515: 506:Franz Schalk 498:Theodor Helm 490: 476: 460:music theory 457: 441: 409:Otto Kitzler 406: 393: 388: 381: 378:Study period 360: 341: 319: 312: 293: 272:Pange lingua 270: 263:confirmation 259: 248: 207: 192: 131: 130: 92:(1896-10-11) 25: 8538:1896 deaths 8533:1824 births 8122:Michałowski 7954:Wackenroder 7919:F. Schlegel 7914:A. Schlegel 7690:Tchaikovsky 7579:Bortkiewicz 7451:R. Schumann 7446:C. Schumann 7411:Kalkbrenner 7380:Saint-Saëns 6685:Anne Brontë 6570:Eichendorff 6555:B. v. Arnim 6550:A. v. Arnim 6360:Weltschmerz 6319:Medievalism 6268:Blue flower 6196:Nationalist 6141:Bohemianism 6053:Romanticism 5933:Romanticism 5715:Tchaikovsky 5650:R. Schumann 5645:C. Schumann 5630:Saint-Saëns 5525:Niedermeyer 5415:Leoncavallo 5385:Kalkbrenner 5160:Bortkiewicz 4917:Abendklänge 4900:(1862–1879) 4894:(1850–1868) 4892:Piano works 4804:Abendzauber 4799:(1876–1879) 4780:Mitternacht 4615:(1843–1893) 4542:(1850–1882) 4512:Germanenzug 4464:(1845–1893) 4422:(1835–1890) 4420:Organ works 4413:Other works 4386:Virga Jesse 4309:(1868/1886) 4258:Tantum ergo 4242:Totenlieder 4228:(1846/1888) 4225:Tantum ergo 4220:(1846/1888) 4217:Tantum ergo 4211:(1845–1846) 4203:(1845–1846) 4187:(1845–1846) 4184:Tantum ergo 4176:Tantum ergo 4171:(1844–1845) 4168:Asperges me 4162:(1843–1844) 4159:Asperges me 4113:(1881–1884) 4068:(1852–1892) 4043:(1866/1882) 4019:(1844–1845) 3995:(1842–1868) 3953:(1862–1863) 3918:(1887/1890) 3878:(1872/1877) 3866:(1866/1891) 3854:(1863–1896) 3696:5 September 3522:4 September 3518:(in German) 3212:Watson 1997 3196:Watson 1997 3093:4 September 3037:Watson 1997 2815:4 September 2784:4 September 2723:4 September 2639:Watson 1997 2534:Watson 1997 2519:4 September 2445:Watson 1997 2435:, p. . 2185:4 September 2015:Walter 1940 1963:(in French) 1882:Ken Russell 1855:Zubin Mehta 1688: 1850 1673:Abendklänge 1604:Other works 1589:Germanenzug 1574:Germanenzug 1528:Abendzauber 1521:Biographer 1510:Otto Böhler 1400:of 1849 is 1352:Tantum ergo 1333:(including 1300:"Ave Maria" 1262:Robert Haas 1231:quintuplets 1142:development 934:development 890:sonata form 880:, is, from 699: [ 684:Robert Haas 513:in Vienna. 437:Franz Liszt 342:Asperges me 296:Augustinian 184:modulations 180:dissonances 172:Romanticism 53: [ 50:Josef Büche 8522:Categories 7997:Chassériau 7972:Aivazovsky 7680:Rubinstein 7665:Mussorgsky 7614:Wieniawski 7599:Paderewski 7441:Moszkowski 7224:Vörösmarty 7214:Shevchenko 7068:Longfellow 6992:Batyushkov 6987:Baratynsky 6956:Espronceda 6823:Mickiewicz 6818:Malczewski 6785:Wordsworth 6770:M. Shelley 6725:de Quincey 6590:Günderrode 6474:Baudelaire 6354:Wanderlust 6191:Lake Poets 5921:Background 5822:Intermezzo 5755:Wieniawski 5735:Vieuxtemps 5700:R. Strauss 5625:Rubinstein 5550:Paderewski 5520:Mussorgsky 5515:Moszkowski 5490:Mercadante 4820:Sängerbund 4732:Herbstlied 4668:Die Geburt 4314:Locus iste 4078:Magnificat 3937:orchestral 3852:Symphonies 3844:Symphonies 3600:(42): 1–5. 3565:(43): 361. 3331:Cooke 2008 3275:. p. 579. 3240:. Mwv.at. 3014:. Mwv.at. 2999:Cooke 1969 2952:30 January 2938:"Bruckner" 2854:Cooke 1980 2624:. London. 2597:Cooke 1980 2433:Grebe 1972 2350:6 February 2258:Grebe 1972 1945:References 1911:Carl Davis 1841:Today the 1812:Regensburg 1432:ad libitum 1394:Landmessen 1343:Magnificat 1110:writes in 1046:major mode 1019:form. The 1013:minor mode 922:rhythmical 898:pianissimo 821:pipe organ 714:Symphonies 655:See also: 229:Early life 176:polyphonic 153:symphonies 71:1824-09-04 8500:Biography 8437:Modernism 8097:Kiprensky 8057:Géricault 8042:Friedrich 8032:Delacroix 8007:Constable 7987:Bonington 7977:Bierstadt 7929:Senancour 7904:Schelling 7859:Lamennais 7854:Khomyakov 7819:Coleridge 7814:Chaadayev 7721:Stanković 7716:Mokranjac 7635:Balakirev 7594:Moniuszko 7543:Donizetti 7538:Cherubini 7436:Meyerbeer 7421:Marschner 7396:Beethoven 7309:Moscheles 7243:Musicians 7229:Wergeland 7194:Orbeliani 7149:Grundtvig 7053:Hawthorne 7022:Zhukovsky 7017:Vyazemsky 7002:Lermontov 6961:Gutiérrez 6920:Radičević 6884:Herculano 6808:Krasiński 6750:Radcliffe 6720:Coleridge 6695:E. Brontë 6690:C. Brontë 6620:Jean Paul 6615:Hölderlin 6504:Lamartine 6441:Magalhães 6431:Guimarães 6339:Pantheism 6329:Nostalgia 6181:Indianism 6129:Movements 6060:Countries 5535:Offenbach 5510:Moscheles 5505:Moniuszko 5500:Meyerbeer 5455:Marschner 5440:MacDowell 5255:Donizetti 5200:Cherubini 5190:Chaminade 5115:Beethoven 5100:Balakirev 5090:Atterberg 5068:musicians 4868:Tafellied 4828:Volkslied 4663:(c. 1851) 4655:(c. 1848) 4647:(c. 1847) 4639:(c. 1846) 4636:Ständchen 4631:(c. 1845) 4595:Volkslied 4582:(c. 1865) 4550:(c. 1850) 4520:Helgoland 4480:(c. 1851) 4397:(c. 1886) 4373:(c. 1884) 4346:Ave Maria 4274:Ave Maria 4266:Ave Maria 4261:(c. 1854) 4250:Libera me 4236:(c. 1848) 4195:(c. 1845) 4154:(c. 1843) 4151:Libera me 4117:Psalm 150 4105:Psalm 112 4092:(c. 1856) 4090:Psalm 146 4086:(c. 1852) 4072:Psalm 114 3385:0027-4666 3303:27 August 2973:, 83:101. 2234:Grebe1972 1797:zeitgeist 1670:of Linz. 1593:Helgoland 1580:Helgoland 1535:and four 1490:Beethoven 1450:plainsong 1441:Cecilians 1416:Psalm 146 1364:Ave Maria 1335:Psalm 150 1229:, use of 1179:New Grove 1158:New Grove 1123:Beethoven 977:, and in 906:crescendo 837:Beethoven 831:Structure 776:woodwinds 630:embalming 585:Hans Rott 575:organ at 550:Psalm 150 546:Helgoland 443:Ave Maria 325:Kronstorf 310:in 1841. 299:monastery 267:Hörsching 251:Ansfelden 239:Ansfelden 199:Hugo Wolf 188:harmonies 116:Signature 100:, Austria 81:, Austria 79:Ansfelden 8449:Category 8265:Dahlhaus 8250:Blanning 8217:Scholars 8187:Tropinin 8182:Tidemand 8172:Stattler 8167:Scheffer 8067:Głowacki 8037:Edelfelt 7992:Bryullov 7934:Snellman 7909:Schiller 7899:Rousseau 7879:Michelet 7824:Constant 7794:Belinsky 7767:Sibelius 7711:Konjović 7685:Scriabin 7655:Lyapunov 7589:Lipiński 7558:Spontini 7548:Paganini 7492:Goldmark 7283:Thalberg 7278:Schubert 7258:Bruckner 7219:Topelius 7209:Runeberg 7199:Prešeren 7169:Leopardi 7134:Frashëri 7124:Eminescu 7104:Andersen 7012:Tyutchev 6997:Karamzin 6971:Zorrilla 6966:Saavedra 6864:Castilho 6852:Portugal 6843:Słowacki 6745:Polidori 6675:Barbauld 6610:Hoffmann 6565:Brentano 6479:Bertrand 6300:Romantic 6136:Ancients 6110:Scotland 6001:Category 5978: ← 5857:Symphony 5720:Thalberg 5685:Spontini 5660:Sibelius 5655:Scriabin 5640:Schubert 5635:Sarasate 5600:Respighi 5595:Reinecke 5555:Paganini 5465:Massenet 5460:Masarnau 5445:Madetoja 5390:Kreisler 5380:Kalivoda 5325:J. Gomis 5310:Glazunov 5305:Giuliani 5195:Chausson 5185:Chadwick 5175:Bruckner 5009:Category 4708:Am Grabe 4579:Im April 4477:Entsagen 4462:Cantatas 4455:Cantatas 4338:Os justi 4084:Psalm 22 4058:Cantatas 3892:Romantic 3732:(2012). 3708:(1911). 3437:(1980). 3297:Archived 3242:Archived 3175:Archived 3120:Archived 3087:Archived 3054:Archived 3016:Archived 2946:Archived 2892:Symphony 2809:Archived 2778:Archived 2747:Archived 2717:Archived 2686:Archived 2656:Archived 2626:Archived 2573:Archived 2344:Archived 2300:Archived 2280:(1): 94. 2205:Bruckner 2203:(1997). 2179:Archived 2093:Bruckner 2089:(1970). 1923:See also 1897:Visconti 1761:) Nowak 1533:yodelers 1478:Schumann 1474:Schubert 1137:Schubert 816:triangle 752:Romantic 609:bachelor 427:and the 315:Windhaag 8512:Austria 8462:Portals 8290:Lovejoy 8225:Abraham 8147:Richard 8137:Préault 8062:Girodet 7944:Thoreau 7889:Novalis 7874:Mazzini 7869:Maistre 7844:Hazlitt 7829:Emerson 7809:Carlyle 7799:Berchet 7742:Berwald 7737:Bennett 7706:Hristić 7660:Medtner 7640:Borodin 7630:Arensky 7553:Rossini 7528:Bellini 7507:Joachim 7480:Hungary 7461:Strauss 7389:Germany 7355:Berlioz 7324:Voříšek 7319:Smetana 7297:Czechia 7251:Austria 7184:Maturin 7179:Manzoni 7154:Heliade 7129:Foscolo 7099:Alfieri 7094:Abovian 7048:Emerson 7007:Pushkin 6946:Bécquer 6879:Garrett 6833:Potocki 6780:Southey 6740:Maturin 6710:Carlyle 6667:Britain 6640:Novalis 6595:Gutzkow 6543:Germany 6509:Mérimée 6494:Gautier 6421:Barreto 6416:Azevedo 6396:Alencar 6376:Writers 6295:Byronic 6231:Purismo 6085:Germany 6067:Denmark 5991:→ 5953:Science 5832:Mazurka 5807:Ballade 5740:Voříšek 5710:Tárrega 5705:Taneyev 5665:Smetana 5620:Rossini 5575:Puccini 5570:Prudent 5530:Nielsen 5495:Méreaux 5470:Medtner 5435:Lysenko 5405:Lachner 5370:Joachim 5350:Herbert 5270:Farrenc 5235:Delibes 5210:Crusell 5155:Borodin 5145:Berwald 5135:Berlioz 5125:Bennett 5120:Bellini 5105:Bazzini 5085:Arensky 4884:Chamber 4788:Nachruf 4444:Secular 4428:Aequali 4111:Te Deum 3924:(1896) 3775:(IMSLP) 3771:at the 3761:in the 3718:(ed.). 3491:29 July 3447:(ed.). 3409:(ed.). 3356:Sources 3265:(2008) 3248:30 June 3200:Tristan 3181:19 June 3155:30 June 3129:30 June 3060:19 June 3022:30 June 2967:Jack Ox 2753:7 March 2692:7 March 2662:30 June 2579:4 April 2141:27 July 1916:Ben-Hur 1329:, five 1327:Te Deum 1198:Jack Ox 1190:Tilgner 1044:and in 1022:da capo 1017:Ländler 1011:and in 991:scherzo 938:reprise 902:tremolo 886:allegro 884:on, an 808:Seventh 792:strings 788:timpani 542:Te Deum 462:at the 327:an der 321:Prelate 161:Te Deum 136:German: 8315:Wellek 8295:de Man 8280:Janion 8270:Ferber 8245:Berlin 8240:Beiser 8235:Barzun 8230:Abrams 8207:Wiertz 8192:Turner 8142:Révoil 8127:Palmer 8117:Martin 8112:Leutze 8087:Janmot 8047:Fuseli 8002:Church 7894:Quinet 7884:Müller 7839:Goethe 7834:Fichte 7757:Franck 7699:Serbia 7650:Glinka 7623:Russia 7609:Tausig 7604:Stolpe 7584:Chopin 7572:Poland 7533:Busoni 7497:Heller 7466:Wagner 7401:Brahms 7375:Onslow 7365:Halévy 7333:France 7314:Reicha 7304:Dvořák 7273:Mahler 7268:Hummel 7263:Czerny 7159:Isaacs 7139:Geijer 7073:Lowell 7063:Irving 7043:Cooper 7038:Bryant 6980:Russia 6915:Njegoš 6910:Kostić 6905:Jakšić 6898:Serbia 6828:Norwid 6803:Fredro 6795:Poland 6765:Seward 6655:Uhland 6645:Schwab 6635:Mörike 6625:Kleist 6580:Goethe 6575:Fouqué 6524:Nodier 6519:Nerval 6514:Musset 6466:France 6456:Varela 6451:Taunay 6436:Macedo 6384:Brazil 6334:Ossian 6261:Themes 6100:Poland 6095:Norway 6077:France 6011:Portal 5948:Poetry 5800:Genres 5745:Wagner 5725:Tobias 5590:Reicha 5565:Popper 5545:Pacini 5540:Onslow 5450:Mahler 5430:Lumbye 5395:Kuhlau 5375:Joplin 5365:Hummel 5355:Hérold 5345:Halévy 5330:Gounod 5315:Glinka 5295:Franck 5290:Foster 5260:Dvořák 5250:d'Indy 5240:Delius 5220:Czerny 5205:Chopin 5180:Busoni 5165:Brahms 5140:Bertin 5130:Bériot 4932:(1879) 4926:(1879) 4920:(1866) 4912:(1862) 4906:(1862) 4871:(1893) 4863:(1892) 4855:(1890) 4847:(1886) 4839:(1886) 4831:(1882) 4823:(1882) 4815:(1878) 4807:(1878) 4791:(1877) 4783:(1869) 4775:(1866) 4767:(1866) 4759:(1866) 4751:(1865) 4743:(1864) 4735:(1864) 4727:(1862) 4719:(1861) 4711:(1861) 4703:(1857) 4687:(1854) 4679:(1854) 4671:(1852) 4623:(1843) 4598:(1882) 4590:(1868) 4574:(1864) 4566:(1856) 4558:(1851) 4540:Lieder 4532:Lieder 4523:(1893) 4515:(1865) 4507:(1855) 4498:(1855) 4489:(1852) 4472:(1845) 4431:(1847) 4405:(1892) 4389:(1885) 4381:(1885) 4365:(1884) 4357:(1884) 4349:(1882) 4341:(1879) 4333:(1878) 4325:(1873) 4317:(1869) 4301:(1868) 4293:(1868) 4285:(1861) 4277:(1861) 4269:(1856) 4253:(1854) 4245:(1852) 4179:(1845) 4136:Motets 4128:Motets 4119:(1892) 4107:(1863) 4101:(1862) 4080:(1852) 4074:(1852) 4037:(1864) 4031:(1854) 4025:(1849) 4011:(1843) 4003:(1842) 3993:Masses 3985:Masses 3967:(1876) 3959:(1865) 3947:(1862) 3935:Other 3912:(1883) 3906:(1881) 3900:(1876) 3872:(1869) 3860:(1863) 3740: 3669: 3643: 3621: 3578: 3543: 3457: 3419: 3393:953722 3391: 3383: 3279: 3083:Mwv.at 2916: 2306:16 May 2101: 2069: 2040: 1976: 1808:Hitler 1806:, and 1771:et al. 1763:et al. 1612:and a 1544:Lieder 1502:Handel 1486:Mozart 1470:Wagner 1369:Masses 1347:motets 1285:et al. 1054:Finale 971:melody 952:adagio 926:unison 812:cymbal 800:Eighth 784:Fourth 770:, 1886 526:choral 522:motets 518:Masses 494:'s 483:Vienna 423:, the 419:, the 165:motets 157:Masses 98:Vienna 8488:Music 8401:Bacon 8310:Rosen 8305:Ricks 8300:Nancy 8260:Blume 8255:Bloom 8177:Stroy 8162:Saleh 8157:Runge 8107:Lampi 8092:Jones 8082:Hayez 8017:Corot 7982:Blake 7949:Tieck 7939:Staël 7864:Larra 7849:Hegel 7804:Burke 7762:Grieg 7752:Field 7747:Elgar 7730:Other 7563:Verdi 7521:Italy 7512:Liszt 7502:Hubay 7487:Erkel 7471:Weber 7456:Spohr 7416:Loewe 7406:Bruch 7370:Méhul 7360:Fauré 7350:Auber 7345:Alkan 7204:Raffi 7174:Mácha 7164:Lenau 7114:Botev 7087:Other 6939:Spain 6874:Dinis 6760:Scott 6735:Keats 6715:Clare 6705:Byron 6700:Burns 6680:Blake 6665:Great 6650:Tieck 6605:Heine 6600:Hauff 6534:Vigny 6529:Staël 6489:Dumas 6411:Assis 6406:Alves 6391:Abreu 6344:Rhine 6247:Ultra 6090:Japan 5938:Chess 5770:Ysaÿe 5750:Weber 5730:Verdi 5680:Spohr 5675:Sousa 5560:Paine 5475:Méhul 5425:Loewe 5420:Liszt 5400:Kuula 5360:Holst 5340:Grieg 5320:Gomes 5300:Franz 5285:Foote 5280:Field 5275:Fauré 5265:Elgar 5245:Denza 5170:Bruch 5150:Bizet 5110:Beach 5095:Auber 5080:Alkan 4447:vocal 4215:Four 3714:. In 3443:. In 3405:. In 3389:JSTOR 3123:(PDF) 3116:(PDF) 2013:(see 1950:Notes 1902:Senso 1792:Nazis 1718:Astra 1537:horns 1498:Haydn 1494:Gluck 1482:Weber 1466:Liszt 1445:No. 3 1243:No. 7 1239:No. 6 1235:No. 5 1150:Liszt 1057:, in 910:tutti 900:on a 894:piano 846:, in 780:horns 758:Style 703:] 106:Works 57:] 8275:Frye 8202:Ward 8197:Veit 8152:Rude 8102:Koch 8077:Gude 8072:Goya 8022:Dahl 8012:Cole 7340:Adam 7288:Wolf 7031:U.S. 6930:Zmaj 6560:Beer 6499:Hugo 6446:Reis 6426:Dias 6290:Hero 6225:Post 6186:Jena 6156:Dark 5827:Lied 5765:Wolf 5615:Rode 5605:Ries 5585:Raff 5410:Lalo 5075:Adam 4426:Two 4240:Two 4166:Two 3738:ISBN 3698:2024 3667:ISBN 3641:ISBN 3619:ISBN 3576:ISBN 3541:ISBN 3524:2024 3493:2006 3455:ISBN 3417:ISBN 3381:ISSN 3305:2012 3277:ISBN 3250:2014 3183:2020 3157:2014 3131:2014 3095:2024 3062:2020 3024:2014 2954:2018 2914:ISBN 2817:2024 2786:2024 2755:2016 2725:2024 2694:2016 2664:2014 2581:2018 2521:2024 2352:2014 2308:2016 2187:2024 2143:2018 2099:ISBN 2067:ISBN 2038:ISBN 1974:ISBN 1803:volk 1597:TTBB 1577:and 1506:Bach 1425:and 1386:and 1361:and 1341:, a 1253:and 1241:and 1192:bust 1144:and 1052:The 989:The 981:and 942:coda 914:lied 825:i.e. 804:harp 802:has 790:and 641:Linz 635:The 587:and 504:and 370:and 337:Enns 329:Enns 308:Linz 255:Linz 197:and 163:and 87:Died 65:Born 7772:Sor 7645:Cui 7078:Poe 6211:Pre 6206:Neo 5670:Sor 5215:Cui 3611:doi 2906:doi 1814:'s 1125:'s 1072:or 994:in 954:in 896:or 863:or 786:), 335:in 301:in 8524:: 8427:← 3686:. 3661:, 3617:. 3512:. 3485:II 3483:, 3479:, 3387:, 3377:CX 3375:, 3118:. 3085:. 3081:. 3070:^ 2985:, 2969:, 2944:. 2940:. 2912:. 2904:. 2894:. 2873:. 2807:. 2803:. 2776:. 2772:. 2745:. 2741:. 2715:. 2711:. 2684:. 2680:. 2618:. 2604:^ 2589:^ 2571:. 2565:. 2512:. 2298:. 2294:. 2278:90 2276:. 2220:, 2177:. 2173:. 2129:. 2111:. 2049:^ 2032:: 2022:^ 2017:). 1968:, 1864:. 1857:. 1822:. 1698:. 1685:c. 1642:A 1623:A 1587:. 1564:. 1539:. 1504:, 1500:, 1496:, 1492:, 1488:, 1484:, 1480:, 1476:, 1472:, 1468:, 1452:. 1380:, 1371:. 1280:, 1276:, 1249:, 1237:, 1160:, 823:, 701:fr 591:. 548:, 544:, 520:, 366:, 220:. 190:. 159:, 55:de 8464:: 8440:→ 6045:e 6038:t 6031:v 5913:" 5909:" 5042:e 5035:t 5028:v 3890:( 3819:e 3812:t 3805:v 3746:. 3700:. 3649:. 3627:. 3613:: 3598:5 3584:. 3563:5 3549:. 3526:. 3467:. 3429:. 3307:. 3252:. 3185:. 3159:. 3133:. 3097:. 3064:. 3026:. 3001:. 2956:. 2922:. 2908:: 2879:. 2819:. 2788:. 2757:. 2727:. 2696:. 2666:. 2583:. 2523:. 2354:. 2310:. 2189:. 2159:. 2145:. 2075:. 1512:) 1255:8 1251:4 1247:3 1080:2 1065:4 1048:. 1037:4 1003:4 985:. 962:4 944:. 872:2 855:4 750:( 245:. 134:( 73:) 69:( 59:) 23:.

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index