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1095:"Struntjobb är jobb vars existens inte kan rättfärdigas ens av dem som utför dem. I stället måste de låtsas att jobbet har någon sorts mening. Detta är strunt-faktorn. Många förväxlar struntjobb med skitjobb, men det är inte alls samma sak. Dåliga jobb är dåliga för att de är tunga eller innebär hemsk arbetsmiljö eller för att lönen suger, men många av de jobben behövs verkligen. Faktum är att ju nyttigare ett jobb är för vårt samhälle, desto lägre är ofta lönen. Medan struntjobben å sin sida ofta är högt respekterade och välbetalda men fullständigt poänglösa. Och människorna som utför dem vet om det", säger David Graeber till amerikanska nättidningen Vox.
296:. Russell argues that if the burden of work were shared equally among all, resulting in fewer hours of work, unemployment would disappear. As a result, human happiness would also increase as people would be able to enjoy their newfound free time, which would further increase the amount of science and art. Russell for example claimed that "Modern methods of production have given us the possibility of ease and security for all; we have chosen, instead, to have overwork for some and starvation for others. Hitherto we have continued to be as energetic as we were before there were machines; in this we have been foolish".
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relentless industry from early till late—that such work is the best police, that it keeps everybody in harness and powerfully obstructs the development of reason, of covetousness, of the desire for independence. For it uses up a tremendous amount of nervous energy and takes it away from reflection, brooding, dreaming, worry, love, and hatred; it always sets a small goal before one's eyes and permits easy and regular satisfactions. In that way a society in which the members continually work hard will have more security: and security is now adored as the supreme goddess.
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machine is the saviour of humanity, Lafargue argues, but only if the working time it frees up becomes leisure time. It can be, it should be, but it rarely has been. The time that is freed up is according to
Lafargue usually converted into more hours of work, which in his view is only more hours of toil and drudgery.
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Automation, which had already come a long way in
Lafargue's time, could easily have reduced working hours to three or four hours a day. This would have left a large part of the day for the things which he would claim that we really want to do – spend time with friends, relax, enjoy life, be lazy. The
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also predicted that society would come to a stage where growth would end when mechanization would meet all real needs. Lafargue argued that the obsession society seemed to have with labour paradoxically harmed the productivity, which society had as one of its primary justifications for not working as
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Unsurprisingly, work is increasingly regarded as bad for your health: "Stress … an overwhelming 'to-do' list … long hours sitting at a desk," the Cass
Business School professor Peter Fleming notes in his new book, The Death of Homo Economicus, are beginning to be seen by medical authorities as akin
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But this willingness of workers to become aligned with a company's goals is due not only to what can be called "managerialism" (the ways in which a company co-opts individuality via wages, rules, and perks), but to the psychology of the workers themselves, whose "psyches… perform at times staggering
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The battle of shortening the working hours to ten hours was ongoing between around the 1840s until about 1900. However, establishing the eight-hour working day went significantly faster, and these short-hour social movements aligned against labour, managed to get rid of two working hours between the
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published in 1770 which claimed that to break the spirit of idleness and independence of the
English people, ideal "work-houses" should imprison the poor. These houses were to function as "houses of terror, where they should work fourteen hours a day in such fashion that when meal time was deducted
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Thinkers such as André Gorz, Bertrand
Russell, Herbert Marcuse, and even Marx, in his later writings, have argued for the expansion of a realm of freedom beyond the necessities of labour, in which individuals have more liberty to transcend biological and economic imperatives and be 'free for the
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No desire, no vitality seems to exist anymore outside the economic enterprise, outside productive labour and business. Capital was able to renew its psychic, ideological and economic energy, specifically thanks to the absorption of creativity, desire, and individualistic, libertarian drives for
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He suggested that since all actual activity, including work, has been harnessed into the production of the spectacle, that there can be no freedom from work, even if leisure time is increasing. That is, since leisure can only be leisure within the planned activities of the spectacle, and since
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Behind the glorification of 'work' and the tireless talk of the 'blessings of work' I find the same thought as behind the praise of impersonal activity for the public benefit: the fear of everything individual. At bottom, one now feels when confronted with work—and what is invariably meant is
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he claims that: "It is sheer madness, that people are fighting for the "right" to an eight-hour working day. In other words, eight hours of servitude, exploitation and suffering, when it is leisure, joy and self-realisation that should be fought for – and as few hours of slavery as possible."
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ponders why people accept deferring or even replacing their own desires and goals with those of an organization. "It is ultimately quite strange", he writes, "that people should so 'accept' to occupy themselves in the service of a desire that was not originally their own." Lordon argues that
187:, and focus on how labour can be and/or feel meaningless, and stands in the way for self-realisation. But the critique of work can also highlight how excessive work may cause harm to nature, the productivity of society, and/or society itself. The critique of work can also take on a more
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Italian cultural theorist
Adriano Tilgher famously declared in 1929: "To the Greeks work was a curse and nothing else," supporting his claim with quotations from Socrates, Plato, Xenophon, Aristotle, Cicero, and other figures, together representing the aristocratic perspective in
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Knowledge workers, or what
Barardi calls the "cognitariat" are far from free of this co-option. People in these jobs, he says, have suffered a kind of Taylorization of their work via the parceling and routinization of even creative activities.
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Antikens filosofer trädde måhända om idéernas ursprung, men de stod enade i sin avsky för arbetet. English: "The ancient philosophers had their disputes upon the origin of ideas, but they agreed when it came to the abhorrence of
428:, work psychologist Alliger proposes to systematize anti-work thinking by suggesting a set of almost 20 propositions that characterize this topic. He draws on a wide variety of sources; a few of the propositions or tenets are:
374:
83:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
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While the productive capacity rose enormously with industrialization, people were made busier, while one might have expected the opposite to occur. This was at least the expectation among many intellectuals such as
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is a conceptual art project which has been running since 2014, promoting an anti-work message. One of the artists involved argued in relationship to the project that "changes in the last 200 years or so have
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mid-1880s to 1919. During this epoch, reformers argued that mechanization was not only supposed to provide material goods, but to free workers from "slavery" and introduce them to the "duty" to enjoy life.
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alienated labour helps to reproduce that spectacle, there is also no escape from work within the confines of the spectacle. Debord also used the slogan "NEVER WORK", which he initially painted as
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throughout history and is fundamentally unhappy and burdensome, and therefore should not be enforced by economic or political means. In this context, some call for the introduction of an
69:
317:, which are jobs that are meaningless and do not contribute anything worthwhile, or even damage society. Graeber also claims that bullshit jobs are often not the worst paid ones.
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Many thinkers have critiqued and wished for the abolishment of labour as early as in
Ancient Greece. An example of an opposing view is the anonymously published treatise titled
445:
Alliger provides a discussion of each proposition and considers how workers, as well as psychologists, can best respond to the existential difficulties and challenges of work.
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been shifts in power, while not much that is fundamental to the construction of society has changed. We are largely marinated in the belief that wage labour must be central."
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Gorz, for example, pointed to the irrationality of a society that strives for full-employment in spite of having developed the technological means to conquer scarcity.
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feats of compartmentalization." So consent to work itself becomes problematic and troubling; as captured in the title of Lordon's book, workers are "willing slaves."
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Jobs where the most important thing is to sit in the right place, like working in a reception, and forwarding emails to someone who is tasked with reading them.
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presented a similar argument which rejected the notion that people should be de facto forced to sell their labor in order to have the right to a decent life.
842:
Nässén, Jonas (2012-03-30). "Would shorter working time reduce greenhouse gas emissions? An analysis of time use and consumption in
Swedish households".
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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rejected the work ethic, viewing it as damaging to the development of reason, as well as the development of the individual etc. In 1881, he wrote:
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Work is subjectively "alienating" and meaningless due to workers' lack of honest connection to the organization and its goals and outcomes.
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with (as of
November 2023) over 2.8 million members, who call themselves "idlers" and call for "Unemployment for all, not just
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Would shorter working time reduce greenhouse gas emissions? An analysis of time use and consumption in Swedish households
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The tedious, boring, and grinding aspects of work characterize most of the time spent in many and probably even all jobs.
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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it was the successes of the proletarian struggle for shorter hours that provoked capital to mechanize production
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Seyferth, Peter (2019). "Anti-work: A Stab in the Heart of Capitalism". In Kinna, Ruth; Gordon, Uri (eds.).
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surrender of will occurs via the capture by organizations of workers' "basal desire" – the will to survive.
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Views like these propagated for in the following decades by e.g. Malthus, which led up to the
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Watching over an inbox which received emails merely to copy and paste them into another form.
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character, in which work simply stands in the way for human happiness as well as health.
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The problem with work: feminism, Marxism, antiwork politics, and postwork imaginaries
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Critical Social Theory and the Will to Happiness: A Study of Anti-Work Subjectivities
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Critical Social Theory and the Will to Happiness: A Study of Anti-Work Subjectivities
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Critical Social Theory and the Will to Happiness: A Study of Anti-Work Subjectivities
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The Problem with Work Feminism, Marxism, Antiwork Politics, and Postwork Imaginaries
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https://libcom.org/files/Bertrand%20Russell%20-%20In%20Praise%20of%20Idleness.pdf
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Anti-Work: Psychological Investigations into Its Truths, Problems, and Solutions
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Anti-Work: Psychological Investigations into Its Truths, Problems, and Solution
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expand this article with text translated from the corresponding articles in
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1463:"The 'Anti-Work' Movement Is A Sign Something's Rotten In The Workplace"
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with the intention of exploring alternative ways of working and living.
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A world without work: technology, automation, and how we should respond
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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1690:. New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. pp. 374–390.
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The idea that work is "good" is a modern and deleterious development.
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The refusal of work: the theory and practice of resistance to work
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The largest organized anti-work community on the Internet is the
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Automation and utopia: human flourishing in a world without work
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1515:"Inside the Reddit community calling for the abolition of work"
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1108:"'I had to guard an empty room': the rise of the pointless job"
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is a twice-monthly British magazine dedicated to the ethos of "
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912:. School of Social Sciences Cardiff University. p. 177.
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in France (which helped inspire the student revolt of 1968),
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there should remain twelve hours of work full and complete."
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1033:. School of Social Sciences Cardiff University. p. 177.
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The American architect, philosopher, designer, and futurist
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Work demands submission and is damaging to the human psyche.
1588:"Handelsnytt testar förmedlingen för frihet – Handelsnytt"
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to this template: there are already 1,877 articles in the
1080:"5 tecken på att du har ett poänglöst "bullshit-jobb""
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Willing Slaves of Capital: Spinoza and Marx on Desire
878:"Post-work: the radical idea of a world without jobs"
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Willing Slaves of Capital: Spinoza and Marx on Desire
1645:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press
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1388:"7 Key Concepts for Understanding Anti-Work Theory"
481:"Anti-work" redirects here. For the subreddit, see
72:
a machine-translated version of the German article.
1668:. Oakland, CA: C. H. Kerr & Co. & AK Press
938:Cross. G. social research,Vol 72:No 2: Summer 2005
544:circles, some believe that work has become highly
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844:Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy
176:, and to critique what the critics of works deem
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1413:"Work Is Bullshit: The Argument For "Antiwork""
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329:Bullshit job example from nature: President of
320:The bullshit-jobs can include tasks like these:
1673:Empty labor: idleness and workplace resistance
1330:"The New York Magazine Environmental Teach-In"
955:"The Meaning of Work in a Sustainable Society"
118:accompanying your translation by providing an
63:Click for important translation instructions.
2602:The Soul at Work: From Alienation to Autonomy
1760:
1636:The soul at work: from alienation to autonomy
1170:The Soul at Work: From Alienation to Autonomy
688:The right to be lazy : and other studies
404:The Soul at Work: From Alienation to Autonomy
745:School of Social Sciences Cardiff University
169:is the critique of, and/or wish to abolish,
552:and/or a shorter working week, such as the
288:is a collection of essays on the themes of
2032:All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy
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327:Man with sign that roughly translates to:
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1539:"Inside the Online Movement to End Work"
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1675:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
1666:The right to be lazy: by Paul Lafargue
1437:"A Universal Basic Income Is Anti-Work"
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378:, the French economist and philosopher
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2511:In Praise of Idleness and Other Essays
1688:Routledge Handbook of Radical Politics
1680:In praise of idleness and other essays
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234:In Praise of Idleness and Other Essays
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953:Foster, John Bellamy (2017-09-01).
351:Make others look or feel important.
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691:. Franklin Classics Trade Press.
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2428:The Working Class Goes to Heaven
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2588:The Revolution of Everyday Life
1715:. Durham: Duke University Press
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1513:Schofield, Daisy (2021-02-15).
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793:People, Place and Policy Online
763:"Meningslösheten breder ut sig"
2539:On the Poverty of Student Life
2403:Swedish Public Freedom Service
2382:Theater, movies, music and art
2190:Occupational safety and health
2005:Terminology and related topics
1638:. Los Angeles, CA: Semiotext(e
1086:(in Swedish). 21 November 2018
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611:Swedish Public Freedom Service
209:Poor Law Amendment Act of 1834
128:You may also add the template
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1:
2574:The Human Use of Human Beings
1350:Bullshit jobs : a theory
1047:Bullshit jobs : a theory
659:
633:Critique of political economy
573:." It was founded in 1993 by
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2546:The Society of the Spectacle
2416:The Future of Work and Death
2084:Extermination through labour
1411:Peters, Adele (2015-02-02).
1235:The Society of the Spectacle
971:10.14452/MR-069-04-2017-08_1
787:Patrick, Ruth (2012-03-30).
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464:The Society of the Spectacle
7:
2490:Critique of Economic Reason
1682:. New ed. London: Routledge
1590:(in Swedish). 15 April 2019
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453:One of the founders of the
201:Essay on Trade and Commerce
100:will aid in categorization.
10:
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2629:Situationist International
2409:Take This Job and Shove It
2331:Technological unemployment
1678:Russell, Bertrand (2004).
806:10.3351/ppp.0006.0001.0002
550:unconditional basic income
480:
466:(La société du spectacle).
455:Situationist International
194:
75:Machine translation, like
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2304:Right to rest and leisure
2143:Honeymoon-hangover effect
2027:Aktion Arbeitsscheu Reich
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1704:Susskind, Daniel (2020).
1634:Berardi, Franco. (2009).
1139:Lordon, Frédéric (2014).
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341:To be hired to look busy.
27:Criticism of work as such
1671:Paulsen, Roland (2014).
1268:Society of the spectacle
1200:Alliger, George (2022).
1168:Berardi, Franco (2009).
559:
331:the Republic of Slovenia
183:Critique of work can be
2462:Bartleby, the Scrivener
2422:The Main Thing Is Work!
2012:996 working hour system
1664:Lafargue, Paul (2011).
1347:Graeber, David (2018).
1204:. New York and London:
1044:Graeber, David (2019).
996:Lafargue, Paul (2017).
685:Lafargue, Paul (2018).
628:Criticism of capitalism
139:For more guidance, see
2525:Manifesto Against Work
2210:Performance punishment
1900:Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
1731:Manifesto against work
1726:Texts critical of work
1648:Frayne, David (2015).
1641:Danaher, John (2019).
1029:Frayne, David (2011).
908:Frayne, David (2011).
750:world and its culture'
739:Frayne, David (2011).
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511:The eulogists of work.
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461:wrote the influential
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2560:The Abolition of Work
2483:The Conquest of Bread
2435:Yama—Attack to Attack
2247:Protestant work ethic
1711:Weeks, Kathi (2011).
1609:"Frihetsförmedlingen"
1461:Lashbrooke, Barnaby.
1315:Friedrich Nietzsche,
826:Duke University Press
820:Weeks, Kathi (2011).
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508:
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402:thinker, suggests in
391:Franco "Bifo" Berardi
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285:In Praise of Idleness
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141:Knowledge:Translation
112:copyright attribution
2595:The Right to Be Lazy
2518:Inventing the Future
2252:Psychological safety
2237:Productivity theater
2230:Digital presenteeism
2200:Orange S.A. suicides
2185:Occupational burnout
1924:Contemporary persons
1736:The right to be lazy
1708:. London: Allen Lane
1357:. pp. 238–239.
265:The Right To Be Lazy
254:little as possible.
2373:Work–life interface
2195:Occupational stress
2138:Happiness economics
2074:Effects of overtime
2042:Bare minimum Monday
2022:Abusive supervision
1961:Claus Peter Ortlieb
1865:Henry David Thoreau
1860:Friedrich Nietzsche
1652:. London: Zed Books
579:Gavin Pretor-Pinney
504:Friedrich Nietzsche
498:Friedrich Nietzsche
309:The anthropologist
262:In Lafargue's book
2242:Professional abuse
1956:Maurizio Lazzarato
1800:Alfredo M. Bonanno
1783:Historical persons
1660:doi:10.1068/c12239
1545:. 22 December 2021
998:Rätten till lättja
530:Buckminster Fuller
526:
523:Buckminster Fuller
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335:
313:has written about
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222:
167:critique of labour
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120:interlanguage link
2665:Social philosophy
2655:Criticism of work
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2390:À Nous la Liberté
2215:Post-work society
2109:Four-day workweek
2089:Career cushioning
2079:Employee ghosting
1976:Penelope Rosemont
1941:Madeleine Bunting
1697:978-1-138-66542-2
1364:978-0-241-26388-4
1057:978-0-14-198347-9
1050:. Penguin Books.
698:978-0-344-05949-0
643:Post-work society
424:In the 2022 book
411:self-realization.
152:
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16:(Redirected from
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2660:Social movements
2532:New Escapologist
2309:Sampo generation
2163:Jobless employed
2068:Dolce far niente
2062:Cycle of poverty
1855:Bertrand Russell
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2553:Steal This Book
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2294:Refusal of work
2267:Quiet promotion
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1845:Walter Benjamin
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2353:Wage slavery
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2319:Six-hour day
2262:Quiet hiring
2225:Presenteeism
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2153:Job crafting
2066:
2047:Bullshit job
1991:Claire Wolfe
1986:Nick Srnicek
1880:Josef Pieper
1775:
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1616:. Retrieved
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1592:. Retrieved
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1567:
1564:"r/antiwork"
1558:
1547:. Retrieved
1543:www.vice.com
1542:
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1522:. Retrieved
1518:
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1497:. Retrieved
1495:. 2014-08-22
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1472:. Retrieved
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1445:. Retrieved
1443:. 2016-02-26
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1417:Fast Company
1416:
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1395:. Retrieved
1391:
1386:Ford, Nick.
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1300:. Retrieved
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1174:Semiotext(e)
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1118:. Retrieved
1116:. 2018-05-04
1113:The Guardian
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886:. 2018-01-19
883:The Guardian
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769:(in Swedish)
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