46:
31:
312:, by forming a sheet composed of two layers of lipids. Each layer forms by positioning their lypophilic chains to the same side of the layer. The two layers then stack such that their lyphphilic chains touch on the inside and their polar groups are outside facing the surrounding aqueous media. Thus the inside of the bilayer sheet is a non-polar region sandwiched between the two polar sheets.
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Aβ proteins form antiparallel β sheets which are strongly amphiphilic, and which aggregate to form toxic oxidative Aβ fibrils. Aβ fibrils themselves are composed of amphiphilic 13-mer modular β sandwiches separated by reverse turns. Hydropathic waves optimize the description of the small (40,42 aa)
284:
When placed in an immiscible biphasic system consisting of aqueous and organic solvents, the amphiphilic compound will partition the two phases. The extent of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic portions determines the extent of partitioning.
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analysis showed that amphipathicity best distinguished between AMPs with and without anti-gram-negative bacteria activities. The higher amphipathicity, the better chances for AMPs possessing antibacterial and antifungal dual activities.
334:, strongly interact with biological membranes by insertion of the hydrophobic part into the lipid membrane, while exposing the hydrophilic part to the aqueous medium, altering their physical behavior and sometimes disrupting them.
432:
is a common household amphiphilic surfactant compound. Soap mixed with water (polar, hydrophilic) is useful for cleaning oils and fats (non-polar, lipiphillic) from kitchenware, dishes, skin, clothing, etc.
53:
in aqueous solutions. Unlike this illustration, micelles are usually formed by non-biological, single-chain, amphiphiles, soaps or detergents, since it is difficult to fit two chains into this shape
734:
249:
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682:"Large-scale analysis of antimicrobial activities in relation to amphipathicity and charge reveals novel characterization of antimicrobial peptides"
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Phillips, J.C. (20 May 2015). "Thermodynamic description of Beta amyloid formation using physicochemical scales and fractal bioinformatic scales".
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As a result of having both lipophilic and hydrophilic portions, some amphiphilic compounds may dissolve in water and to some extent in
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308:. The amphiphilic nature of these molecules defines the way in which they form membranes. They arrange themselves into
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Amphiphiles are the basis for a number of areas of research in chemistry and biochemistry, notably that of
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Often, amphiphilic species have several lipophilic parts, several hydrophilic parts, or several of both.
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Schubert, D; Behl, C; Lesley, R; Brack, A; Dargusch, R; Sagara, Y; Kimura, H (14 March 1995).
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are the principal constituents of biological membranes, there are other constituents, such as
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Organic compounds containing hydrophilic groups at both ends of the molecule are called
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are an example group of amphiphilic compounds. Their polar region can be either
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National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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There are several examples of molecules that present amphiphilic properties:
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Estimating intestinal permeability by surface activity profiling
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588:"Amyloid peptides are toxic via a common oxidative mechanism"
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The lipid bilayer, the material that makes up cell membranes.
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Cross-section view of the structures that can be formed by
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Chien-Kuo Wang; Ling-Yi Shih; Kuan Y. Chang (2017-11-22).
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371:, or non-ionic. Some typical members of this group are:
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with large R groups, such as diacyl glycerol (DAG), and
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344:(AMPs) are another class of amphiphilic molecules, a
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List of boiling and freezing information of solvents
165:group falls into one of the following categories:
101:amphiphiles are the major structural component of
267:Amphiphilic compounds have lipophilic (typically
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61:(from the Greek αμφις amphis, both, and φιλíα
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27:Hydrophilic and lipophilic chemical compound
503:Betts, J. Gordon. "3.1 The cell membrane".
402:Many biological compounds are amphiphilic:
338:plaque-forming (aggregative) Aβ fragments.
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330:Many other amphiphilic compounds, such as
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244:polar, uncharged groups. Examples are
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399:(long-chain alcohol, non-ionic).
123:they form in the aggregate are
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41:, have amphipathic character.
1050:Inorganic nonaqueous solvent
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426:, local anaesthetics, etc.
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139:group is typically a large
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1035:Acid dissociation constant
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699:10.3390/molecules22112037
647:ACS Chemical Neuroscience
562:"Structure of a Membrane"
542:Biology-Online Dictionary
506:Anatomy & physiology
65:, love, friendship), or
1000:Solubility table (data)
867:Apparent molar property
252:with long alkyl chains.
965:Total dissolved solids
960:Solubility equilibrium
885:and related quantities
613:10.1073/pnas.92.6.1989
474:Sodium dodecyl sulfate
448:Bubbles in abiogenesis
389:cocamidopropyl betaine
373:sodium dodecyl sulfate
342:Antimicrobial peptides
298:
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51:biological amphiphiles
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1065:Partition coefficient
1045:Polar aprotic solvent
381:benzalkonium chloride
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250:oligo ethylene glycol
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980:Enthalpy of solution
907:Volume concentration
902:Number concentration
566:The Lipid Chronicles
306:biological membranes
1126:Chemical properties
892:Molar concentration
862:Dilution (equation)
604:1995PNAS...92.1989S
264:are such examples.
39:glycerophospholipid
932:Isotopic abundance
897:Mass concentration
771:Chemical solutions
469:Lipid polymorphism
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110:lipid polymorphism
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659:10.1021/cn5001793
568:. 5 November 2011
516:978-1-947172-04-3
158:, with n > 4.
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1005:Solubility chart
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937:Mixing ratio
692:(11): 2037.
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509:. OpenStax.
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393:zwitterionic
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228:. Examples:
183:carboxylates
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99:phospholipid
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79:water-loving
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1131:Surfactants
1095:Lyonium ion
1010:Miscibility
995:Henry's law
443:Amphoterism
416:fatty acids
412:glycolipids
408:cholesterol
365:surfactants
361:Hydrocarbon
325:glycolipids
321:cholesterol
269:hydrocarbon
163:hydrophilic
141:hydrocarbon
91:surfactants
75:hydrophilic
18:Amphipathic
1115:Categories
1090:Amphiphile
1085:Lipophilic
1080:Hydrophile
1075:Hydrophobe
952:Solubility
847:Saturation
817:Suspension
572:2020-06-02
547:2016-11-17
490:References
464:Surfactant
420:bile acids
262:copolymers
210:phosphates
201:sulfonates
137:lipophilic
95:detergents
87:fat-loving
83:lipophilic
59:amphiphile
1100:Lyate ion
1055:Solvation
970:Solvation
912:Normality
686:Molecules
397:1-octanol
332:pepducins
315:Although
276:non-polar
232:ammoniums
131:Structure
67:amphipath
1070:Polarity
1029:Category
917:Molality
779:Solution
718:29165350
667:25702750
453:Emulsion
437:See also
424:saponins
385:cationic
353:Examples
346:big data
258:Proteins
246:alcohols
226:cationic
192:sulfates
121:micelles
1020:Solvent
822:Colloid
812:Mixture
709:6150348
632:7892213
600:Bibcode
479:Wetting
395:), and
377:anionic
363:-based
179:, are:
173:anionic
125:prolate
69:, is a
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630:
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522:14 May
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144:moiety
119:. The
97:. The
63:philia
1121:Soaps
842:Alloy
623:42408
457:Free
369:ionic
234:: RNH
203:: RSO
194:: RSO
185:: RCO
714:PMID
663:PMID
628:PMID
524:2023
511:ISBN
430:Soap
323:and
161:The
135:The
93:and
704:PMC
694:doi
655:doi
618:PMC
608:doi
387:),
379:),
216:in
150:(CH
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