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578:(now known as Sony Music Entertainment) in mid-2007 after a legal battle between Warner and Rubin over the details of their former arrangement, in which American Recordings would sign and provide creative services for artists, while Warner Bros. was only to handle promotion, sales, marketing, and distribution because Rubin was prompted to move his label with his appointment to co-chairman of Columbia Records in the spring of 2007.
440:
Rubin changed the name of the company from Def
American Recordings to American Recordings in 1993 after reportedly seeing the word "def" in the dictionary. The company was reportedly renamed because he believed that finding the word in a notable source was against the anti-establishment image that he
503:
logo on its first pressing. Fans of heavy metal music consider it one of the most critically acclaimed and important albums in the genre's history, and it continues to obtain much high praise from fans and critics. A Def Jam
Recordings logo was also present on its follow-up album. However, because
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American's distribution has been handled through several labels over the years. American's first incarnation was distributed by Geffen
Records through Warner Bros. Records from 1988 to 1990. After a falling-out with Geffen over the content of the Geto Boys' only Def American release, Warner Bros.
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presiding. Before "def" was lowered to its final resting place, some of the 1,500+ mourners placed flowers and various musical and personal memorabilia in the open casket. Afterwards, mourners followed a 19th-century-style horse-drawn hearse and a six-piece brass band playing
437:. Heavy metal acts Slayer and Danzig also enjoyed notable commercial success, with Slayer in particular having several gold-certified albums. Rubin produced many of the recordings on the label, as well as directing other related ventures.
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that specialized in reissues of obscure albums. None of these labels made the distribution transition after
American Recordings left Warner Bros. Records in 1997, and its recordings were deleted.
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division, took over distribution. In 2005, with the exception of the recordings of Johnny Cash, the label returned to the aegis of Warner Bros. Records. Non-US distribution was handled by
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American had several sub-labels over the years, including Onion
Records, Ill Labels, Wild West, Whte Lbls, and Infinite Zero. The last was a partnership with
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In 2007, Warner Bros. Records, which was
American's home from 1990 to 1997, acquired the rights to the extensive American Recordings catalog, which included
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and the controversy it caused, distribution was absorbed by Warner Bros. proper, which released all subsequent Def
American titles.
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itself took over distribution duties from 1990 to 1997 in the United States, while the international distribution was handled by
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585:(now Republic Records) for a new incarnation of American Recordings. The first albums to be released under this new deal were
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Rubin signed a distribution deal with
Columbia Records in 1997, which distributed the label's titles until 2001. That year,
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was the first release to bear the Def
American logo. Initially, the label was distributed by Geffen through
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This article is about the record label. For the Johnny Cash album released by that same label, see
524:(now known as Warner Records), but when Geffen refused to distribute the self-titled album by the
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felt that Slayer's music was not in line with Def Jam, and because Def Jam's then-distributor
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In 2012, Rick Rubin, upon his exit from Sony Music
Entertainment, signed a new deal with
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as part of its deal. For a brief time during the 1990s, the label also distributed
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1258:"Exclusive: Rick Rubin Brings American Recordings to Universal Republic"
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was held for the word "def" on August 27, 1993. The guest list included
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The rarely seen original Def American logo. Note its resemblance to the
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The label Def American Recordings was founded after Rick Rubin left
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570:, Slayer, and Danzig. However, American's current roster (except
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70:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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411:. Def American had its first major success with
372:in 1988. Among the first acts to be signed were
512:refused to release it, it was released through
1329:
431:" as well as a platinum-selling album titled
1233:. Future Publishing Limited. Archived from
1336:
1322:
1297:
424:The Southern Harmony and Musical Companion
1524:Mad Love and Friends Keep Secrets Records
1343:
1255:
312:. The label has featured artists such as
130:Learn how and when to remove this message
355:
79:"American Recordings" record label
2331:
1224:
559:until the deal with Columbia expired.
453:, Tom Petty and Rosanna Arquette, The
1317:
376:(which followed Rubin from Def Jam),
68:adding citations to reliable sources
39:
2271:International third-party licensees
574:) was transferred to BMG successor
493:The first Def American release was
13:
636:
351:
33:Not to be confused with the older
14:
2400:
2339:Record labels established in 1988
2282:(South Korea (JYP Entertainment))
1476:Interscope Geffen A&M Records
1284:
1029:Thomas Jefferson Slave Apartments
688:
2148:Universal Music Publishing Group
1103:James Chance And The Contortions
153:
44:
488:
55:needs additional citations for
2349:Alternative rock record labels
1249:
1218:
1193:
1075:Chef Aid: The South Park Album
1060:
1009:Survival Research Laboratories
1:
2072:Universal Music Group Nigeria
1432:Capitol Christian Music Group
1186:
1096:Infinite Zero Reissue Artists
2077:Universal Music South Africa
2034:Republic Records Philippines
1256:Jem Aswad (22 August 2012).
1227:"'Reign In Blood' Turns 25!"
973:The Jim Rose Circus Sideshow
7:
2306:(South Korea (HYBE Labels))
2115:Universal Music Enterprises
1174:
392:, as well as indie rockers
215:Universal Music Enterprises
28:American Record Corporation
21:American Recordings (album)
10:
2405:
2369:Thrash metal record labels
2190:Non-UMG distributed labels
2153:Universal Production Music
1201:"Loud End For DEF Records"
1168:James White and the Blacks
583:Universal Republic Records
553:Island Def Jam Music Group
465:chairman (and pallbearer)
32:
25:
18:
2364:Heavy metal record labels
2189:
2163:
2140:
2127:Universal Music Indonesia
2095:
2067:Def Jam Recordings Africa
2047:
2014:
1961:
1948:Universal Music Hong Kong
1913:
1905:Universal Music On Demand
1865:
1817:
1804:Mercury Records Australia
1779:
1766:Capitol Records Nashville
1756:Mercury Nashville Records
1741:
1698:
1665:
1617:Young Money Entertainment
1597:
1547:
1474:
1402:
1351:
1225:Merlin (7 October 2011).
1133:Mississippi Fred McDowell
441:was trying to project. A
279:
271:
263:
233:
196:
186:
171:
161:
152:
147:
2171:Eagle Rock Entertainment
2132:Universal Music Malaysia
2082:Blue Note Records Africa
1789:Island Records Australia
833:The Jesus and Mary Chain
557:Sony Music Entertainment
394:the Jesus and Mary Chain
223:Sony Music Entertainment
26:Not to be confused with
2197:Big Machine Label Group
1499:Aftermath Entertainment
985:(Rhyme Cartel/American)
499:by Slayer, which had a
302:Def American Recordings
275:Los Angeles, California
35:American Record Company
2344:American record labels
2176:PolyGram Entertainment
2049:Universal Music Africa
1953:Universal Music Taiwan
1938:Republic Records China
1933:PolyGram Records China
1733:Universal Music México
1728:Universal Music Latino
1700:UM Latin Entertainment
1652:Universal Arabic Music
1589:Verve Forecast Records
1307:publishing catalog at
625:, which remained with
418:Shake Your Money Maker
365:
2384:Universal Music Group
2359:Hip hop record labels
2006:Virgin Records France
1981:Island Def Jam France
1943:Universal Music China
1923:Capitol Records China
1771:EMI Records Nashville
1534:Cinematic Music Group
1464:Quality Control Music
1345:Universal Music Group
1181:List of record labels
843:Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan
549:Universal Music Group
461:, Sir Mix-a-Lot, and
455:Red Hot Chili Peppers
359:
166:Universal Music Group
37:, also known as ARCo.
16:American record label
2062:Motown Gospel Africa
1976:Decca Records France
1971:Capitol Music France
1761:Lost Highway Records
929:(Wild West/American)
902:(Whte Lbls/American)
855:(Whte Lbls/American)
818:God Lives Underwater
758:(Whte Lbls/American)
696:American Head Charge
616:Here To Save You All
566:, The Black Crowes,
522:Warner Bros. Records
471:Reverend Al Sharpton
463:Warner Bros. Records
449:with prop shotguns,
415:' 1990 debut album,
64:improve this article
30:, also known as ARC.
2239:Nickelodeon Records
2217:Walt Disney Records
2141:Publishing division
2087:Virgin Music Africa
2024:Def Jam Philippines
1809:EMI Music Australia
1627:Boominati Worldwide
1622:American Recordings
1557:Deutsche Grammophon
1404:Capitol Music Group
1305:American Recordings
1082:The Doom Generation
918:(Too Pure/American)
451:The Amazing Kreskin
308:headed by producer
298:American Recordings
148:American Recordings
2354:Rock record labels
2202:Disney Music Group
2105:Def Jam Recordings
2029:Island Philippines
1857:Universal Classics
1847:Def Jam Recordings
1799:Modular Recordings
1794:Golden Era Records
1667:Virgin Music Group
1637:Casablanca Records
1612:Cash Money Records
1509:Dreamville Records
1484:Interscope Records
1089:Jackass: The Movie
885:Masters of Reality
861:(Ventrue/American)
838:Kwest Tha Madd Lad
736:Andrew "Dice" Clay
643:The Avett Brothers
631:Warner Music Group
597:The Avett Brothers
501:Def Jam Recordings
396:and controversial
386:Masters of Reality
370:Def Jam Recordings
366:
362:Def Jam Recordings
2326:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2259:Ed Banger Records
2254:London Recordings
2207:Hollywood Records
1632:Brushfire Records
1549:Verve Label Group
1437:ForeFront Records
1417:Blue Note Records
1268:on 8 October 2012
1024:Th' Faith Healers
1004:Supreme Love Gods
859:Lordz of Brooklyn
793:The Four Horsemen
622:Highway Companion
538:Tommy Boy Records
398:stand-up comedian
382:The Four Horsemen
304:) is an American
295:
294:
264:Country of origin
242:alternative metal
140:
139:
132:
114:
2396:
2379:Columbia Records
2315:
2307:
2299:
2291:
2283:
2267:
2266:
2244:Red Bull Records
2097:Other UMG labels
1915:UM Greater China
1718:Fonovisa Records
1680:Caroline Records
1599:Republic Records
1579:Impulse! Records
1539:Downtown Records
1494:Interscope Films
1454:Priority Records
1384:Philippe Flageul
1338:
1331:
1324:
1315:
1314:
1301:
1296:
1295:
1293:Official website
1278:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1264:. Archived from
1253:
1247:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1222:
1216:
1215:
1213:
1212:
1197:
890:MC 900 Ft. Jesus
870:Love and Rockets
798:The Freewheelers
779:(Onion/American)
777:Electric Company
721:Blackeyed Susans
716:The Black Crowes
673:System of a Down
658:Denny Weston Jr.
619:and Tom Petty's
607:System of a Down
542:Too Pure Records
518:1988 debut album
510:Columbia Records
413:The Black Crowes
401:Andrew Dice Clay
346:System of a Down
318:the Black Crowes
291:
288:
286:
280:Official website
227:System of a Down
212:(United Kingdom)
182:
180:
157:
145:
144:
135:
128:
124:
121:
115:
113:
72:
48:
40:
2404:
2403:
2399:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2394:
2393:
2329:
2328:
2327:
2318:
2313:
2305:
2297:
2289:
2281:
2265:
2212:S-Curve Records
2185:
2159:
2136:
2091:
2043:
2039:UMG Philippines
2010:
1996:Romance Musique
1957:
1909:
1895:Polydor Records
1861:
1827:Polydor Records
1813:
1775:
1737:
1694:
1685:Fontana Records
1661:
1607:Mercury Records
1593:
1543:
1470:
1447:Sparrow Records
1427:Harvest Records
1412:Capitol Records
1398:
1374:Manning Doherty
1347:
1342:
1291:
1290:
1287:
1282:
1281:
1271:
1269:
1254:
1250:
1240:
1238:
1237:on 7 April 2013
1231:Metal Hammer UK
1223:
1219:
1210:
1208:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1189:
1177:
1172:
1098:
1063:
1058:
911:The Mother Hips
803:John Frusciante
691:
639:
637:Current artists
506:Russell Simmons
491:
354:
352:Company history
342:The Mother Hips
283:
213:
204:
203:(United States)
178:
176:
143:
136:
125:
119:
116:
73:
71:
61:
49:
38:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2402:
2392:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2374:Warner Records
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2324:
2323:
2320:
2319:
2317:
2316:
2311:Musica Studios
2308:
2300:
2292:
2284:
2275:
2273:
2264:
2263:
2262:
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2256:
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2155:
2144:
2142:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2123:
2122:
2112:
2110:Island Records
2107:
2101:
2099:
2093:
2092:
2090:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2053:
2051:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2041:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2020:
2018:
2016:UM Philippines
2012:
2011:
2009:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1991:Polydor France
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1967:
1965:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1919:
1917:
1911:
1910:
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1902:
1897:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
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1863:
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1859:
1854:
1849:
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1834:
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1821:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1811:
1806:
1801:
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1739:
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1736:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1704:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1675:Virgin Records
1671:
1669:
1663:
1662:
1660:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1603:
1601:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1576:
1575:
1574:
1569:
1567:Decca Classics
1559:
1553:
1551:
1545:
1544:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1489:Geffen Records
1486:
1480:
1478:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1468:
1467:
1466:
1456:
1451:
1450:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1408:
1406:
1400:
1399:
1397:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1369:James Mitchell
1366:
1364:Sherry Lansing
1361:
1359:Lucian Grainge
1355:
1353:
1349:
1348:
1341:
1340:
1333:
1326:
1318:
1312:
1311:
1302:
1286:
1285:External links
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1125:
1123:Louise Huebner
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1062:
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1031:
1026:
1021:
1019:Thee Hypnotics
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
980:
975:
970:
968:The Red Devils
965:
960:
955:
950:
948:Jonny Polonsky
945:
940:
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919:
913:
908:
903:
897:
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882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
856:
850:
845:
840:
835:
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825:
823:Gogol Bordello
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
774:
769:
764:
759:
756:Digital Orgasm
753:
751:Deconstruction
748:
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738:
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728:
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718:
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703:
698:
692:
690:
689:Former artists
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655:
653:Band of Horses
650:
645:
638:
635:
627:Warner Records
551:, through its
514:Geffen Records
496:Reign in Blood
490:
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447:Black Panthers
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2164:Film/TV units
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2120:Hip-O Records
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1751:MCA Nashville
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1743:UMG Nashville
1740:
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1723:Machete Music
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1708:Capitol Latin
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1584:Verve Records
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1562:Decca Records
1560:
1558:
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1529:Shady Records
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1442:Motown Gospel
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1143:Matthew Shipp
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1049:Wesley Willis
1047:
1045:
1044:Saul Williams
1042:
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984:
983:Sir Mix-a-Lot
981:
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923:
922:Noise Ratchet
920:
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916:Mouse on Mars
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853:Lords of Acid
851:
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841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
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813:God Dethroned
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602:The Carpenter
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527:
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497:
486:
484:
483:Henry Rollins
479:
477:
476:Amazing Grace
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
438:
436:
435:
430:
429:Baby Got Back
426:
425:
420:
419:
414:
410:
409:Sir Mix-a-Lot
406:
402:
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267:United States
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123:
120:November 2012
112:
109:
105:
102:
98:
95:
91:
88:
84:
81: –
80:
76:
75:Find sources:
69:
65:
59:
58:
53:This article
51:
47:
42:
41:
36:
29:
22:
1900:0207 Def Jam
1842:Virgin Music
1781:UM Australia
1713:Disa Records
1647:Lava Records
1621:
1519:LVRN Records
1514:Kidinakorner
1270:. Retrieved
1266:the original
1261:
1251:
1239:. Retrieved
1235:the original
1230:
1220:
1209:. Retrieved
1207:. 2020-02-06
1204:
1195:
1158:Tom Verlaine
1148:Trouble Funk
1128:Iceberg Slim
1118:Gang of Four
1087:
1080:
1073:
1066:
999:Stiffs, Inc.
989:Skinny Puppy
828:The Jayhawks
620:
614:
600:
590:
580:
568:The Jayhawks
561:
546:
530:
494:
492:
489:Distribution
480:
443:mock funeral
439:
432:
422:
416:
367:
306:record label
301:
297:
296:
250:rock n' roll
238:Thrash metal
142:Record label
126:
117:
107:
100:
93:
86:
74:
62:Please help
57:verification
54:
2314:(Indonesia)
2298:(Caribbean)
2234:Dew Process
2229:ECM Records
2001:PIAS France
1875:EMI Records
1837:Universal D
1832:EMI Records
1422:Astralwerks
1389:Jody Gerson
1379:Bill Ackman
1309:MusicBrainz
1061:Soundtracks
963:Raging Slab
880:Manmade God
741:Julian Cope
726:Johnny Cash
711:Frank Black
668:Marcus King
663:Kae Tempest
564:Johnny Cash
544:in the US.
338:Johnny Cash
287:.umgcatalog
217:(reissues)
2389:Rick Rubin
2333:Categories
2224:Roc Nation
1986:MCA France
1880:Capitol UK
1690:V2 Records
1572:Mercury KX
1272:11 October
1211:2020-02-06
1187:References
1163:Alan Watts
958:Psychotica
865:Loudermilk
772:Pete Droge
706:Barkmarket
434:Mack Daddy
310:Rick Rubin
300:(formerly
191:Rick Rubin
90:newspapers
2295:Tuff Gong
1963:UM France
1928:EMI China
1890:Motown UK
1885:Island UK
1394:Boyd Muir
1262:Billboard
1205:Raptology
1153:Alan Vega
1138:The Monks
1068:Big Daddy
1054:Wolfsbane
978:Ruth Ruth
943:Tom Petty
927:The Nonce
875:Luna Halo
808:Geto Boys
701:Dan Baird
683:Alex Amen
648:Bear1boss
592:La Futura
572:Tom Petty
526:Geto Boys
405:Geto Boys
390:Wolfsbane
334:Tom Petty
2290:(Israel)
1819:UM Japan
1504:Darkroom
1175:See also
938:Paloalto
895:Medicine
783:Fireside
731:Chino XL
611:Chino XL
576:Sony BMG
467:Mo Ostin
272:Location
219:Columbia
201:Republic
2303:YG Plus
2287:Helicon
2279:Dreamus
1241:1 March
1113:Flipper
1034:Trouble
900:Messiah
788:Flipper
767:Donovan
762:DJ Kool
469:, with
330:Trouble
254:country
246:hip hop
206:Fiction
187:Founder
177: (
172:Founded
104:scholar
1459:Motown
1352:People
994:Slayer
746:Danzig
678:ZZ Top
629:&
587:ZZ Top
388:, and
378:Danzig
374:Slayer
344:, and
326:Danzig
322:ZZ Top
314:Slayer
106:
99:
92:
85:
77:
1867:UM UK
1039:Unida
1014:Swell
848:Laika
364:logo.
258:blues
234:Genre
229:only)
111:JSTOR
97:books
2181:Vevo
1274:2012
1243:2013
1108:Devo
953:Pram
933:Ours
906:Milk
595:and
459:Flea
407:and
289:.com
179:1988
175:1988
83:news
613:'s
589:'s
534:BMG
285:www
210:EMI
66:by
2335::
1657:XO
1260:.
1229:.
1203:.
633:.
599:'
457:'
384:,
380:,
348:.
340:,
336:,
332:,
328:,
324:,
320:,
316:,
256:,
252:,
248:,
244:,
240:,
1337:e
1330:t
1323:v
1276:.
1245:.
1214:.
474:"
225:(
221:/
208:/
181:)
133:)
127:(
122:)
118:(
108:·
101:·
94:·
87:·
60:.
23:.
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