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building, intending to light from the top of the truck. When Mendes returned, he explained that the characters did not care if they were seen. He removed the truck and Hall had to rethink the lighting; he lit it from the left, with a large light crossing the actors, and with a soft light behind the camera. Hall felt the consequent wide shot "worked perfectly for the tone of the scene". Hall made sure to keep rain, or the suggestion of it, in every shot near the end of the film. In one shot during Lester's encounter with Angela at the
Burnhams' home, Hall created rain effects on the foreground cross lights; in another, he partly lit the pair through French windows to which he had added material to make the rain run slower, intensifying the light (although the strength of the outside light was unrealistic for a night scene, Hall felt it justified because of the strong contrasts it produced). For the close-ups when Lester and Angela move to the couch, Hall tried to keep rain in the frame, lighting through the window onto the ceiling behind Lester. He also used rain boxes to produce rain patterns where he wanted without lighting the entire room.
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1075:, the hero "has a moment of epiphany before ... tragedy occurs". Ball later said his anger when writing the first draft had blinded him to the idea that Lester needed to refuse sex with Angela to complete his emotional journey—to achieve redemption. Jinks and Cohen asked Ball not to alter the scene right away, as they felt it would be inappropriate to make changes to the script before a director had been hired. Early drafts also included a flashback to Col. Fitts's service in the Marines, a sequence that unequivocally established his homosexual leanings. In love with another Marine, Col. Fitts sees the man die and comes to believe that he is being punished for the "sin" of being gay. Ball removed the sequence because it did not fit the structure of the rest of the film—Col. Fitts was the only character to have a flashback—and because it removed the element of surprise from Col. Fitts's later pass at Lester. Ball said he had to write it for his own benefit to know what happened to Col. Fitts, though all that remained in later drafts was subtext.
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production was behind schedule and they needed to cut costs. The schedule called for two days to be spent filming the crash, but only half a day was available. Ball agreed, but only if the scene could retain a line of Ricky's where he reflects on having once seen a dead homeless woman: "When you see something like that, it's like God is looking right at you, just for a second. And if you're careful, you can look right back." Jane asks: "And what do you see?" Ricky: "Beauty." Ball said, "They wanted to cut that scene. They said it's not important. I said, 'You're out of your fucking mind. It's one of the most important scenes in the movie!' ... If any one line is the heart and soul of this movie, that is the line." Another scene was rewritten to accommodate the loss of the freeway sequence; set in a schoolyard, it presents a "turning point" for Jane in that she chooses to walk home with Ricky instead of going with Angela. By the end of filming, the script had been through ten drafts.
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daughter". His final turning point comes when he and Angela almost have sex; after she confesses her virginity, he no longer thinks of her as a sex object, but as a daughter. He holds her close and "wraps her up". Mendes called it "the most satisfying end to journey there could possibly have been". With these final scenes, Mendes intended to show him at the conclusion of a "mythical quest". After Lester gets a beer from the refrigerator, the camera pushes toward him, then stops facing a hallway down which he walks "to meet his fate". Having begun to act his age again, Lester achieves closure. As he smiles at a family photo, the camera pans slowly from Lester to the kitchen wall, onto which blood spatters as a gunshot rings out; the slow pan reflects the peace of his death. His body is discovered by Jane and Ricky. Mendes said that Ricky's staring into Lester's dead eyes is "the culmination of the theme" of the film: that beauty is found where it is least expected.
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shot inside the
Burnhams' home, where they signify "a mask covering a bleak, unbeautiful reality". Carolyn feels that "as long as there can be roses, all is well". She cuts the roses and puts them in vases, where they adorn her "meretricious vision of what makes for beauty" and begin to die. The roses in the vase in the Angela–Lester seduction scene symbolize Lester's previous life and Carolyn; the camera pushes in as Lester and Angela get closer, finally taking the roses—and thus Carolyn—out of the shot. Lester's epiphany at the end of the film is expressed by rain and the use of red, building to a crescendo that is a deliberate contrast to the release Lester feels. The constant use of red "lulls subliminally" into becoming used to it; consequently, it leaves the audience unprepared when Lester is shot and his blood spatters on the wall.
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702:"cold perfectionist" to more of a carefree soul who " happily along with" the music in her car. Jane and Angela constantly reference sex, through Angela's descriptions of her supposed sexual encounters and the way the girls address each other. Their nude scenes are used to communicate their vulnerability. By the end of the film, Angela's hold on Jane has weakened until the only power she has over her friend is Lester's attraction to her. Col. Fitts reacts with disgust to meeting Jim and Jim; he asks, "How come these faggots always have to rub it in your face? How can they be so shameless?" To which Ricky replies, "That's the thing, Dad—they don't feel like it's anything to be ashamed of." Pennington argues that Col. Fitts's reaction is not homophobic, but an "anguished self-interrogation".
1365:, feeling that stable shots generated more tension. For example, when Mendes used a slow push in to the Burnhams' dinner table, he held the shot because his training as a theater director taught him the importance of putting distance between the characters. He wanted to keep the tension in the scene, so he only cut away when Jane left the table. Mendes used a hand-held camera for the scene in which Col. Fitts beats Ricky. Mendes said the camera provided the scene with a "kinetic ... off-balance energy". He also went hand-held for the excerpts of Ricky's camcorder footage. Mendes took a long time to get the quality of Ricky's footage to the level he wanted. For the plastic-bag footage, Mendes used wind machines to move the bag in the air. The scene took four takes; two by the
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time", citing Lester's claim that life did not flash before his eyes, but that it "stretches on forever like an ocean of time". Furby argues that a "rhythm of repetition" forms the core of the film's structure. For example, two scenes have the
Burnhams sitting down to an evening meal, shot from the same angle. Each image is broadly similar, with minor differences in object placement and body language that reflect the changed dynamic brought on by Lester's new-found assertiveness. Another example is the pair of scenes in which Jane and Ricky film each other. Ricky films Jane from his bedroom window as she removes her bra, and the image is reversed later for a similarly "voyeuristic and exhibitionist" scene in which Jane films Ricky at a vulnerable moment.
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1377:, believing the technique was overused. He also mentioned Spielberg's advice to imagine an audience silhouetted at the bottom of the camera monitor, to keep in mind that it was being shot for display on a 40-foot (10 m) screen. Spielberg—who visited the set a few times—also advised Mendes not to worry about costs if he had a "great idea" toward the end of a long working day. Mendes said, "That happened three or four times, and they are all in the movie." Despite Spielberg's support, DreamWorks and Mendes fought constantly over the schedule and budget, although the studio interfered little with the film's content. Spacey, Bening and Hall worked for significantly less than their usual rates.
1329:, but said, "it's not about a place, it's about an archetype... The milieu was pretty much Anywhere, USA—upwardly mobile suburbia." The intent was for the setting to reflect the characters, who are also archetypes. Shohan said, "All of them are very strained, and their lives are constructs." The Burnhams' household was designed as the reverse of the Fitts'—the former a pristine ideal, but graceless and lacking in "inner balance", leading to Carolyn's desire to at least give it the appearance of a "perfect all-American household"; the Fitts's home is depicted in "exaggerated darkness symmetry".
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2081:, Gary Hentzi praised the actors, but said that characters such as Carolyn and Col. Fitts were stereotypes. Hentzi accused Mendes and Ball of identifying too readily with Jane and Ricky, saying the latter was their "fantasy figure"—a teenaged boy who's an absurdly wealthy artist able to "finance own projects". Hentzi said Angela was the most believable teenager, in particular with her "painfully familiar" attempts to "live up to an unworthy image of herself". Maslin agreed that some characters were unoriginal, but said their detailed characterizations made them memorable.
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Lester's pursuit of Angela is a manifestation of his lust for his own daughter, while Col. Fitts's repression is exhibited through the almost sexualized discipline with which he controls Ricky. Consequently, Ricky realizes that he can only hurt his father by falsely telling him he is homosexual, while Angela's vulnerability and submission to Lester reminds him of his responsibilities and the limits of his fantasy. Col. Fitts represents Ball's father, whose repressed homosexual desires led to his own unhappiness. Ball rewrote Col. Fitts to delay revealing him as homosexual.
540:; film critics are similarly divided, not so much about the quality of the film, as their interpretations of it. Described by many as about "the meaning of life" or "the hollow existence of the American suburbs", the film has defied categorization by even the filmmakers. Mendes is indecisive, saying the script seemed to be about something different each time he read it: "a mystery story, a kaleidoscopic journey through American suburbia, a series of love stories; ... it was about imprisonment, ... loneliness, beauty. It was funny; it was angry, sad."
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intended. DreamWorks made around one million copies available for rental; Blockbuster's share would usually have been about 400,000 of these. Some
Blockbuster stores only displayed 60 copies, and others did not display the film at all, forcing customers to ask for it. The strategy required staff to read a statement to customers explaining the situation; Blockbuster claimed it was only " customer demand" due to the reduced availability. Blockbuster's strategy leaked before May 9, leading to a 30 percent order increase from other retailers.
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cheap-shot picket-fence satire, its broad characterisation, its purportedly misogynistic view of career women, or its awestruck command of metaphor as flimsy and floaty as, well, a plastic bag dancing in the breeze." Lodge also stated, "You might hear grudging acknowledgement of its formal artistry, including the satin tactility of the late Conrad L Hall's cinematography, or the eerie, echo-y, endlessly imitated percussion of Thomas Newman's once-ubiquitous score. But that, too, is tempered with dismissiveness toward its makers."
1419: (2000). Mendes and an assistant edited the film for ten days between the appointments. Mendes realized during editing that the film was different from the one he had envisioned. He believed he had been making a "much more whimsical, ... kaleidoscopic" film than what came together in the edit suite. Instead, Mendes was drawn to the emotion and darkness; he began to use the score and shots he had intended to discard to craft the film along these lines. In total, he cut about 30 minutes from his original edit.
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becomes suspicious of their friendship, assuming that they are sexually involved after spying on their drug session; he accuses Ricky of being gay and expels him from the house, to which Ricky defiantly agrees. Carolyn, driving home, withdraws a handgun from the glove box as she listens to a self-help tape. At home, Jane argues with Angela over the latter's sexual interest in Lester when Ricky interrupts to ask Jane to leave with him for New York City, before he dismisses Angela as uninteresting and unattractive.
1441:". Instead, he wanted the ending to be "a poetic mixture of dream and memory and narrative resolution". When Ball first saw a completed edit, it was a version with truncated versions of these scenes. He felt that they were so short that they "didn't really register". Mendes and he argued, but Ball was more accepting after Mendes cut the sequences completely; Ball felt that without the scenes, the film was more optimistic and had evolved into something that "for all its darkness had a really romantic heart".
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The garage windows were designed specifically to obtain the crucial shot toward the end of the film in which Col. Fitts—watching from Ricky's bedroom—mistakenly assumes that Lester is paying Ricky for sex. Mendes made sure to establish the line of sight early on in the film to make the audience feel a sense of familiarity with the shot. The house interiors were filmed on the backlot, on location, and on soundstages when overhead shots were needed. The inside of the
Burnhams' home was shot at a house close to
1166:. Spacey was surprised; he said, "I usually play characters who are very quick, very manipulative and smart. ... I usually wade in dark, sort of treacherous waters. This is a man living one step at a time, playing by his instincts. This is actually much closer to me, to what I am, than those other parts." Mendes offered Annette Bening the role of Carolyn without DreamWorks' consent; although executives were upset at Mendes, by September 1998, DreamWorks had entered negotiations with Spacey and Bening.
1044:"I think I was writing about ... how it's becoming harder and harder to live an authentic life when we live in a world that seems to focus on appearance. ... For all the differences between now and the , in a lot of ways this is just as oppressively conformist a time. ... You see so many people who strive to live the unauthentic life and then they get there and they wonder why they're not happy. ... I didn't realize it when I sat down to write , but these ideas are important to me."
2134:. Nevertheless, Hentzi believed that the film's themes of materialism and conformity in American suburbia were "hackneyed". McCarthy conceded that the setting was familiar, but said it merely provided the film with a "starting point" from which to tell its "subtle and acutely judged tale". Maslin agreed; she said that while it "takes aim at targets that are none too fresh", and that the theme of nonconformity did not surprise, the film had its own "corrosive novelty".
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mortality and the beauty around them. It also sets a series of mysteries; Anker asks, "from what place exactly, and from what state of being, is he telling this story? If he's already dead, why bother with whatever it is he wishes to tell about his last year of being alive? There is also the question of how Lester has died—or will die." Anker believes the preceding scene—Jane's discussion with Ricky about the possibility of his killing her father—adds further mystery.
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way too big: ... it was badly shot, my fault, badly composed, my fault, bad costumes, my fault ...; and everybody was doing what I was asking. It was all my fault." Aware that he was a novice, Mendes drew on the experience of Hall: "I made a very conscious decision early on, if I didn't understand something technically, to say, without embarrassment, 'I don't understand what you're talking about, please explain it.
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it was scored and acted made it clear that Jane's request was not serious. However, in the portion he used in the opening—and when the full scene plays out later—Mendes used the score and a reaction shot of Ricky to leave a lingering ambiguity as to his guilt. The subsequent shot—an aerial view of the neighborhood—was originally intended as the plate shot for the bluescreen effects in the dream sequence.
430:, and starts exercising with coaching from the Jims after overhearing Angela teasing Jane that she would have sex with Lester if he improved his physique. He begins smoking marijuana supplied by Ricky and returning Angela's flirts. The girls' friendship wanes when Jane starts a relationship with Ricky; while Angela thinks he is strange, Jane appreciates him for focusing on the beauty he sees within her.
1189: (1950), which is also narrated in retrospect by a dead character. Mendes felt it evoked Lester's—and the film's—loneliness. Bening recalled women from her youth to inform her performance: "I used to babysit constantly. You'd go to church and see how people present themselves on the outside, and then be inside their house and see the difference." Bening and a hair stylist collaborated to create a "
737:". Lester's transformation conveys "that he, and not the woman, has borne the brunt of " and he will not stand for being emasculated. Lester's attempts to "strengthen traditional masculinity" conflict with his responsibilities as a father. Although the film portrays the way Lester returns to that role positively, he does not become "the hypermasculine figure implicitly celebrated in films like
1394:. Most of the rose petals in Lester's fantasies were added in post-production, although some were real and had the wires holding them digitally removed. When Lester fantasizes about Angela in a rose-petal bath, the steam was real, save for in the overhead shot. To position the camera, a hole had to be cut in the ceiling, through which the steam escaped; it was instead added digitally.
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leaving home for work was inserted later on to show the low point that
Carolyn and Lester's relationship had reached. Spacey and Bening worked to create a sense of the love that Lester and Carolyn once had for one another; for example, the scene in which Lester almost seduces Carolyn after the pair argues over Lester's buying a car was originally "strictly contentious".
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Ball suspected his father was homosexual and used the idea to create Col. Fitts, a man who "gave up his chance to be himself". Ball said the script's mix of comedy and drama was not intentional, but that it came unconsciously from his own outlook on life. He said the juxtaposition produced a starker contrast, giving each trait more impact than if they appeared alone.
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confronted with a child, he begins to treat her as a daughter; in doing so, Lester sees himself, Angela, and his family "for the poor and fragile but wondrous creatures they are". He looks at a picture of his family in happier times, and dies having had an epiphany that infuses him with "wonder, joy, and soul-shaking gratitude"—he has finally seen the world as it is.
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1590:. He used mainly percussion instruments to create the mood and rhythm, the inspiration for which was provided by Mendes. Newman "favored pulse, rhythm, and color over melody", making for a more minimalist score than he had previously created. He built each cue around "small, endlessly repeating phrases"—often, the only variety through a "thinning of the
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produced around 40 pages, but stopped when he realized it would work better as a film. He felt that because of the visual themes, and because each character's story was "intensely personal", it could not be done on a stage. All the main characters appeared in this version, but
Carolyn did not feature strongly; Jim and Jim instead had much larger roles.
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begins to undress her on the couch, she admits her virginity. Lester realizes that she had feigned being sexually experienced, and he cannot continue. He bonds with her as they share their frustrations. Angela goes to the bathroom as Lester smiles at a family photograph, when an unseen figure shoots Lester in the back of the head at point-blank range.
671:". The Burnhams are unaware that they are "materialists philosophically, and devout consumers ethically" who expect the "rudiments of American beauty" to give them happiness. Anker argues that "they are helpless in the face of the prettified economic and sexual stereotypes ... that they and their culture have designated for their salvation."
2120:". Jackson said the film transcended its clichéd setup to become a "wonderfully resourceful and sombre comedy". He said that even when the film played for sitcom laughs, it did so with "unexpected nuance". Hentzi criticized how the film made a mystery of Lester's murder, believing it manipulative and simply a way of generating suspense.
795:", Lester becomes increasingly fixated on Angela. Time slows to represent his "voyeuristic hypnosis" and Lester begins to fantasize that Angela's performance is for him alone. "On Broadway"—which provides a conventional underscore to the onscreen action—is replaced by discordant, percussive music that lacks melody or progression. This
733:"raises the broader, widely explored issue of masculinity in crisis". Professor Vincent Hausmann charges that in their reinforcement of masculinity "against threats posed by war, by consumerism, and by feminist and queer challenges", these films present a need to "focus on, and even to privilege" aspects of maleness "deemed 'deviant
1493:, to contrast with the turbulent on-screen events and allow audiences to take in the action. Hall and Mendes first discussed the intended mood of a scene, but he was allowed to light the shot in any way he felt necessary. In most cases, Hall first lit the scene's subject by "painting in" the blacks and whites, before adding
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wanted it to seem like he was blurting it out of his mouth without thinking. is so in control—I wanted him to break through." Spacey obliged, eventually coming up with 35 phrases, but Bening could not always keep a straight face, which meant the scene had to be shot ten times. The production used small amounts of
1264:. He told her, "Your character is in there somewhere." Mendes cut much of Barbara's dialogue, including conversations between Colonel Frank Fitts and her, as he felt that what needed to be said about the pair—their humanity and vulnerability—was conveyed successfully through their shared moments of silence.
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Kramer uses the analogy of looking at a sculpture: "We determine for ourselves the pacing of our experience: we are free to walk around the piece, view it from many angles, concentrate on some details, see other details in relationship to each other, step back and view the whole, see the relationship
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to create the official website, marking the first time that Amazon had created a special section devoted to a feature film. The website included an overview, a photo gallery, cast and crew filmographies, and exclusive interviews with Spacey and Bening. The film's tagline—"look closer"—originally came
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Mendes spent more time recutting the first ten minutes than the rest of the film taken together. He trialed several versions of the opening; the first edit included bookend scenes in which Jane and Ricky are convicted of Lester's murder, but Mendes excised these in the last week of editing because he
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movie"—and therefore inappropriate for the tone he was trying to set. The opening in the final cut reused a scene from the middle of the film where Jane tells Ricky to kill her father. This scene was to be the revelation to the audience that the pair was not responsible for Lester's death, as the way
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cost DreamWorks $ 15 million to produce, slightly above their projected sum. Mendes was so dissatisfied with his first three days' filming that he obtained permission from DreamWorks to reshoot the scenes. He said, "I started with a wrong scene, actually, a comedy scene. And the actors played it
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in Los
Angeles; the inside of the Fitts's home was shot in the city's Hancock Park neighborhood. Ricky's bedroom was designed to be cell-like to suggest his "monkish" personality, while at the same time blending with the high-tech equipment to reflect his voyeuristic side. The production deliberately
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The production selected two adjacent properties on the Warner backlot's "Blondie Street" for the
Burnham and Fitts's homes. The crew rebuilt the houses to incorporate false rooms that established lines of sight—between Ricky and Jane's bedroom windows, and between Ricky's bedroom and Lester's garage.
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of a wall. He says capturing the moment was when he realized that there was "an entire life behind things"; he feels that "sometimes there's so much beauty in the world I feel like I can't take it... and my heart is going to cave in." Anker argues that Ricky, in looking past the "cultural dross", has
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a rite of passage film about imprisonment and escape from imprisonment. The monotony of Lester's existence is established through his gray, nondescript workplace and characterless clothing. In these scenes, he is often framed as if trapped, "reiterating rituals that hardly please him". He masturbates
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Ricky and Jane, who had earlier considered killing Lester themselves, find Lester's body. In the master closet, Carolyn discards her gun and hugs Lester's clothing. A blood-soaked Frank returns home, a gun missing from his collection. Lester's closing narration describes meaningful experiences during
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Frank tentatively approaches Lester in the
Burnhams' garage, then breaks down and tearfully embraces him. Lester comforts Frank until Frank attempts to kiss him, so he gently rebuffs him. Lester finds Angela alone and consoles her, then professes his attraction to her during their conversation. As he
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Maslin felt that Mendes directed with "terrific visual flair", saying his minimalist style balanced "the mordant and bright" and that he evoked the "delicate, eroticized power-playing vignettes" of his theater work. Jackson said Mendes's theatrical roots rarely showed, and that the "most remarkable"
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said the actors coped "faultlessly" with what were difficult roles; he called Spacey's performance "the energy that drives the film", saying the actor commanded audience involvement despite Lester not always being sympathetic. "Against considerable odds, we do like ," Turan concluded. He stated that
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The DVD release included a behind-the-scenes featurette, film audio commentary from Mendes and Ball, and a storyboard presentation with discussion from Mendes and Hall. In the film commentary, Mendes refers to deleted scenes he intended to include in the release. However, these scenes are not on the
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stock for scenes with daylight effects. He had difficulty adjusting to Kodak's newly introduced Vision release print stock, which, combined with his contrast-heavy lighting style, created a look with too much contrast. Hall contacted Kodak, who sent him a batch of 5279 that was five percent lower in
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the whole film. Hall was involved for one month during preproduction; his ideas for lighting the film began with his first reading of the script, and further passes allowed him to refine his approach before meeting Mendes. Hall was initially concerned that audiences would not like the characters; he
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Ball based Lester's story on aspects of his own life. Lester's re-examination of his life parallels feelings Ball had in his mid-30s; like Lester, Ball put aside his passions to work in jobs he hated for people he did not respect. Scenes in Ricky's household reflect Ball's own childhood experiences.
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Professor Roy M. Anker argues that the film's thematic center is its direction to the audience to "look closer". The opening combines an unfamiliar viewpoint of the Burnhams' neighborhood with Lester's narrated admission that this is the last year of his life, forcing audiences to consider their own
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with Ricky, his spirit is released and he begins to rebel against Carolyn. Changed by Ricky's "attractive, profound confidence", he is convinced that Angela is attainable and sees that he must question his "banal, numbingly materialist suburban existence"; he takes a job at a fast-food outlet, which
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Mendes said, "So at the end of the film I got up, and I was terribly British, I said, 'So, who kind of liked the movie?' And about a third of them put up their hands, and I thought, 'Oh shit.' So I said, 'OK, who kind of didn't like it?' Two people. And I said, 'Well, what else is there?' And a guy
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in the intervening two decades has been swift and merciless – taking root well before Spacey's personal and professional downfall, though that certainly hasn't helped. Ask film critics of various ages about it now and you will tend to meet with a uniform sneer, along with a blanket dismissal of its
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wanted to purchase hundreds of thousands of extra copies for its "guaranteed title" range, whereby anyone who wanted to rent the film would be guaranteed a copy. Blockbuster and DreamWorks could not agree on a profit-sharing deal, so Blockbuster ordered two-thirds the number of copies it originally
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combated American repression through music and drugs, Lester begins to smoke cannabis and listen to rock music. Mendes's song choices "progress through the history of American popular music". Miller argues that although some may be over familiar, there is a parodic element at work, "making good on
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follows a traditional narrative structure, only deviating with the displaced opening scene of Jane and Ricky from the middle of the story. Although the plot spans one year, the film is narrated by Lester at the moment of his death. Jacqueline Furby says that the plot "occupies ... no time all
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defines its characters through their sexuality. Lester's attempts to relive his youth are a direct result of his lust for Angela, and the state of his relationship with Carolyn is in part shown through their lack of sexual contact. Also sexually frustrated, Carolyn has an affair that takes her from
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The film presents Ricky as its "visionary, ... spiritual and mystical center". He sees beauty in the minutiae of everyday life, videoing as much as he can for fear of missing it. He shows Jane what he considers the most beautiful thing he has filmed: a plastic bag, tossing in the wind in front
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When Lester is caught masturbating by Carolyn, his angry retort about their lack of intimacy is the first time he says aloud what he thinks about her. By confronting the issue and Carolyn's "superficial investments in others", he is trying to "regain a voice in a home that the voices of mother and
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concludes that the film resists any one interpretation: " cannot be adequately summarized as 'here is a satire on what's wrong with American life'; that plays down the celebration of beauty. It is more tempting to summarize it as 'a portrait of the beauty underlying American miseries and misdeeds',
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One evening during a cheerleading routine at a school basketball game, Lester becomes infatuated with Jane's friend Angela Hayes, who brags to her classmates about being sexually experienced. He starts having sexual fantasies about her, in which red rose petals are a recurring motif. Carolyn begins
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Mendes encouraged some improvisation; for example, when Lester masturbates in bed beside Carolyn, the director asked Spacey to improvise several euphemisms for the act in each take. Mendes said, "I wanted that not just because it was funny ... but because I didn't want it to seem rehearsed. I
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trial. Discovering a comic book telling of the scandal, he was struck by how quickly it had become commercialized. He said he "felt like there was a real story underneath more fascinating and way more tragic" than the story presented to the public, and attempted to turn the idea into a play. Ball
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looks at how their repression can lead to violence. Col. Fitts is so ashamed of his homosexuality that it drives him to murder Lester. Ball said, "The movie is in part about how homophobia is based in fear and repression and about what can do." The film implies two unfulfilled incestuous desires:
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is repeatedly used as symbol; when Lester fantasizes about Angela, she is usually naked and surrounded by rose petals. In these scenes, the rose symbolizes Lester's desire for her. When associated with Carolyn, the rose represents a "façade for suburban success". Roses are included in almost every
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the radiant splendor of the created world" to see God. As the film progresses, the Burnhams move closer to Ricky's view of the world. Lester only forswears personal satisfaction at the film's end. On the cusp of having sex with Angela, he returns to himself after she admits her virginity. Suddenly
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wife Barbara, and their teenage son Ricky move in next door. Ricky documents the world around him with a camcorder, collecting recordings on videotape in his bedroom, as he finds beauty in unexpected places and things. To pay for supplies, he deals marijuana, using his part-time catering jobs as a
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Turan felt Ball's lack of constraint when writing the film was the reason for its uniqueness, in particular the script's subtle changes in tone. McCarthy said the script was "as fresh and distinctive" as any of its American film contemporaries, and praised how it analyzed the characters while not
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As of February 18, the most successful territories were the United Kingdom ($ 15.2 million), Italy ($ 10.8 million), Germany ($ 10.5 million), Australia ($ 6 million), and France ($ 5.3 million). The Academy Award nominations meant strong performances continued across the
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Mendes insisted on two weeks of cast rehearsals, although the sessions were not as formal as he was used to in the theater, and the actors could not be present at every one. Several improvisations and suggestions by the actors were incorporated into the script. An early scene showing the Burnhams
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instructs its audience to " more meaningful lives". The film argues the case against conformity, but does not deny that people need and want it; even the gay characters just want to fit in. Jim and Jim, the Burnhams' other neighbors, are a satire of "gay bourgeois coupledom", who " in the numbing
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snark that has since been earnestly outmoded, and not for the wittier. It was never intended as straightforward drama, but as garish suburban burlesque: a distorted funhouse mirror reflection of America already at its ugliest, with its performances and petal-strewn visuals expertly heightened to
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was "vital but uneven"; he felt the film's examination of "the ways which teenagers and adults imagine each other's lives" was its best point, and that although Lester and Angela's dynamic was familiar, its romantic irony stood beside "the most enduring literary treatments" of the theme, such as
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on November 18, 1999; in January 2000, it began to screen in various territories outside North America. It debuted in Israel to "potent" returns, and limited releases in Germany, Italy, Austria, Switzerland, the Netherlands and Finland followed on January 21. After January 28 opening weekends in
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plays Jim Berkley. Jim and Jim were deliberately depicted as the most normal, happy—and boring—couple in the film. Ball's inspiration for the characters came from a thought he had after seeing a "bland, boring, heterosexual couple" who wore matching clothes: "I can't wait for the time when a gay
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In the script that was sent to prospective actors and directors, Lester and Angela had sex; by the time of shooting, Ball had rewritten the scene to the final version. Ball initially rebuffed counsel from others that he change the script, feeling they were being puritanical; the final impetus to
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Lester discovers Carolyn's infidelity when she orders a meal with Buddy at Mr. Smiley's. Buddy fears a costly divorce and ends the affair, while Carolyn is humiliated and simultaneously frustrated by her lack of professional success. Frank finds Ricky's recording of a nude Lester working out and
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as music that imparts "a single present stretched out into an enormous duration, a potentially infinite 'now' that nonetheless feels like an instant". The music is used like a visual cue, so that Lester and the score are staring at Angela. The sequence ends with the sudden reintroduction of "On
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may have benefited from Mendes's inexperience, as his "anything's possible daring" made him attempt beats that more seasoned directors might have avoided. Turan felt that Mendes's accomplishment was to "capture and enhance duality" of Ball's script—the simultaneously "caricatured ... and
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The shooting script features a scene in Angela's car in which Ricky and Jane talk about death and beauty; the scene differed from earlier versions, which set it as a "big scene on a freeway" in which the three witness a car crash and see a dead body. The change was a practical decision, as the
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Lester's fantasies are emphasized by slow- and repetitive-motion shots; Mendes uses double-and-triple cutbacks in several sequences, and the score alters to make the audience aware that it is entering a fantasy. One example is the gymnasium scene—Lester's first encounter with Angela. While the
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satirizes American middle class notions of meaning, beauty and satisfaction. Even Lester's transformation only comes about because of the possibility of sex with Angela; he therefore remains a "willing devotee of the popular media's exaltation of pubescent male sexuality as a sensible route to
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s case, it is neither Mendes nor Ball. Mendes considers the voice to be Ball's, but even while the writer was "strongly influential" on set, he often had to accept deviations from his vision, particularly ones that transformed the cynical tone of his script into something more optimistic. With
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trial in 1992. He shelved the play after deciding that the story would not work on stage. After spending the next few years writing for television, Ball revived the idea in 1997 when attempting to break into the film industry after several frustrating years writing for the television sitcoms
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According to Patti Bellantoni, colors are used symbolically throughout the film, none more so than red, which is an important thematic signature that drives the story and " Lester's arc". First seen in drab colors that reflect his passivity, Lester surrounds himself with red as he regains his
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The academic and author Jody W. Pennington argues that Lester's journey is the story's center. His sexual reawakening through meeting Angela is the first of several turning points as he begins to " off the responsibilities of the comfortable life he has come to despise". After Lester shares a
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Mendes and Ball. He said Mendes's "sure hand" was "as precise and controlled" as his theater work. McCarthy described Hall's involvement as fortunate for Mendes, as the cinematographer was "unsurpassed" at conveying the themes of a work. Turan agreed that Mendes's choice of collaborators was
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A shot where Lester and Ricky share a cannabis joint behind a building came from a misunderstanding between Hall and Mendes. Mendes asked Hall to prepare the shot in his absence; Hall assumed the characters would look for privacy, so he placed them in a narrow passage between a truck and the
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stands as "a classic, if not a masterpiece." Guy Lodge acknowledged the film's flaws but admitted it still "turns out to be an exquisitely presented time capsule, a snapshot of middle-class, notionally liberal white society entering a spasm of panic at the turn of both the century and the
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is a movie about a privileged white guy who feels bad about himself and tries to rectify that by exploding his life—only to lose it all in the end. It's about a man who thought he had control, but didn't—and who can't, at the very least, relate to that? In the context of his own crisis of
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did not satisfy Mendes, so he shot the scene himself. He felt his first take lacked grace, but for the last attempt, he changed the location to the front of a brick wall and added leaves on the ground. Mendes was satisfied by the way the wall gave definition to the outline of the bag.
552:. It cannot be summarized with either Lester or Ricky's philosophical statements about what life is or how one should live." He argues that the problem of interpreting the film is tied with that of finding its center—a controlling voice who " all of the choices". He contends that in
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from the filter was not required. When he saw the film in a theater, Hall felt that the image was slightly unclear and that had he not used the filter, the diffusion from the Super 35–anamorphic conversion would have generated an image closer to what he originally intended.
1173:. During the film, Lester's physique improves from flabby to toned; Spacey worked out during filming to improve his body, but because Mendes shot the scenes out of chronological order, Spacey varied postures to portray the stages. Before filming, Mendes and Spacey analyzed
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Lester Burnham, a middle-aged marketing executive in suburbia, despises his job and is unhappily married to neurotic, ambitious real estate agent Carolyn. Their 16-year-old daughter, Jane, hates her parents and has low self-esteem. Retired Marine colonel Frank Fitts, his
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in the confines of his shower; the shower stall evokes a jail cell and the shot is the first of many where Lester is confined behind bars or within frames, such as when he is reflected behind columns of numbers on a computer monitor, "confined nearly crossed out".
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of bourgeois preoccupation; ... the underlying premise being that the luxury of finding an individual 'self' through denial and renunciation is always open to those wealthy enough to choose, and sly enough to present themselves sympathetically as a rebel."
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in his capacity as studio partner, Ball was convinced to develop the project at DreamWorks; he received assurances from the studio—known at the time for its more conventional fare—that it would not "iron the out". In an unusual move, DreamWorks decided not to
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for a brief nude scene, which her parents had to approve. Child labor representatives accompanied Birch's parents on set during the filming of the nude scene. Bentley overcame competition from top actors under the age of 25 to be cast. The 2009 documentary
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an affair with married real estate rival Buddy Kane. Lester quits his job, blackmails his supervisor Brad into giving him a generous severance package and starts working as a fry cook at Mr. Smiley's fast food restaurant. He also buys his dream car, a 1970
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score is important to creating the narrative stasis in the sequence; it conveys a moment for Lester that is stretched to an indeterminate length. The effect is one that Stan Link likens to "vertical time", described by the composer and music theorist
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Professor Ann C. Hall disagrees; she says by presenting an early resolution to the mystery, the film allows the audience to put it aside "to view the film and its philosophical issues". Through this examination of Lester's life, rebirth and death,
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Hausmann says the film "explicitly affirms the importance of upholding the prohibition against incest"; a recurring theme of Ball's work is his comparison of the taboos against incest and homosexuality. Instead of making an overt distinction,
2619:'s wish 'that the typical male subject, like his female counterpart, might learn to live with lack'—namely, the 'lack of being' that remains 'the irreducible condition of subjectivity'—has not yet been fulfilled." See Silverman, Kaja (1992).
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from a cutting pasted on Lester's workplace cubicle by the set dresser. DreamWorks ran parallel marketing campaigns and trailers—one aimed at adults, the other at teenagers. Both trailers ended with the poster image of a girl holding a rose.
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is so painfully easy that it seems unfair. The Best Picture winner has fallen largely out of fashion; it rarely appears on critics' lists of favorite movies, and its memory seems to have faded for most moviegoers, too." Zacharek concluded,
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felt they made the film lose its mystery, and because they did not fit with the theme of redemption that had emerged during production. Mendes believed the trial drew focus away from the characters and turned the film "into an episode of
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debuted strongly in Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Singapore, markets traditionally "not receptive to this kind of upscale fare". The impressive South Korean performance continued, with a return of $ 1.2 million after nine days. In total,
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front. A strict and abusive disciplinarian, Frank previously had Ricky sent to a psychiatric hospital and military school. Gay couple Jim Olmeyer and Jim Berkley, also neighbors, welcome the Fitts family, angering the homophobic Frank.
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compromising narrative pace. He called Ball's dialogue "tart" and said the characters—Carolyn excepted—were "deeply drawn". One other flaw, McCarthy said, was the revelation of Col. Fitts's homosexuality, which he said evoked "hoary
1082:. Ball was on-set for rewrites and to help interpret his script for all but two days of filming. His original bookend scenes—in which Ricky and Jane are prosecuted for Lester's murder after being framed by Col. Fitts—were excised in
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at the time. Ball was not keen on the more well-known directors because he believed their involvement would increase the budget and lead DreamWorks to become "nervous about the content". Nevertheless, DreamWorks offered the film to
364:. Reviewers praised most aspects of the production, with particular emphasis on Mendes, Spacey and Ball; criticism tended to focus on the familiarity of the characters and setting. DreamWorks launched a major campaign to increase
818:, the soundtrack " unconscious voice" to the characters' psyches and complements the subtext. The most obvious use of pop music "accompanies and gives context to" Lester's attempts to recapture his youth; reminiscent of how the
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researched mail-order catalogs to better establish Carolyn's environment of a "spotless suburban manor". To help Bening get into Carolyn's mindset, Mendes gave her music that he believed Carolyn would like. He lent Bening the
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was not considered an immediate favorite to dominate the American awards season. Several other contenders opened at the end of 1999, and US critics spread their honors among them when compiling their end-of-year lists. The
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564:"have forgotten to probe for the elusive center". According to Booth, the film's true controller is the creative energy "that hundreds of people put into its production, agreeing and disagreeing, inserting and cutting".
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1013:, he was impressed with Mendes's "keen visual sense" and thought he did not make obvious choices. Ball felt that Mendes liked to look under the story's surface, a talent he felt would be a good fit with the themes of
2662:", she switches off after a few moments because her parents return home. The moment reinforces her as someone whose voice is "cut short", as does her lack of association with as clearly defined genres as her parents.
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as one of 20 "most overrated movies of all time." Mendes accepted the inevitability of the critical reappraisal, saying in 2008, "I thought some of it was entirely justified—it was a little overpraised at the time."
1183: (1960), because Mendes wanted Spacey to emulate "the way moved, the way he looked, the way he was in that office and the way he was an ordinary man and yet a special man". Spacey's voiceover is a throwback to
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aspect was that Spacey's performance did not overshadow the film. He said that Mendes worked the script's intricacies smoothly, to the ensemble's strengths, and staged the tonal shifts skillfully. McCarthy believed
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Mendes found that he still had to convince DreamWorks's production executives to let him direct. He had already discussed the film with Jinks and Cohen, and felt they supported him. Ball was also keen; having seen
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grossed $ 10.9 million in 27 countries, with strong debuts in Brazil, Mexico, and South Korea. Other high spots included robust returns in Argentina, Greece, and Turkey. On the weekend of March 3, 2000,
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It is not illegal to have people under 18 nude or partially nude on film. The California Child Labor Board approved the scene, and its representative was on the set when it was filmed, as were Thora's parents.
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rules—$ 150,000. Mendes accepted, and later recalled that after taxes and his agent's commission, he only earned $ 38,000. In June 1998, DreamWorks confirmed that it had contracted Mendes to direct the film.
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the film; according to Mendes, the studio was pleased with it, but he insisted on one where he could question the audience afterward. The studio reluctantly agreed and showed the film to a young audience in
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was not the first choice for director of photography; Mendes believed he was "too old and too experienced" to want the job, and he had been told that Hall was difficult to work with. Instead, Mendes asked
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2562:'s request for a clip, stating that they did not want to glorify the "inappropriate" kiss between the characters, a 42-year-old man and a 16-year-old girl. MTV rescinded the film's nomination afterward.
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averaged $ 3.12, compared with $ 3.40 for films that Blockbuster fully promoted. Only 53 percent of the film's rentals were from large outlets in the first week, compared with the usual 65 percent.
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Jinks and Cohen involved Ball throughout the film's development, including casting and director selection. The producers met with about twenty interested directors, several of whom were considered
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and thus keep being fought. Maybe it takes a look back at a ridiculous movie to show us how much we've really lost. Whatever Ball's 'authentic life' really is, you can bet it's not being lived on
2146:, reports of a backlash appeared in the American press. In the years since the film's release, its critical regard has waned. A significant factor was its themes being seen as trivial after the
1622:. Newman believed the score helped move the film along without disturbing the "moral ambiguity" of the script: "It was a real delicate balancing act in terms of what music worked to preserve ."
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s Matthew Jacobs wrote that "the film's reputation has tumbled precipitously," adding, "Plenty of classics undergo cultural reappraisals but few have turned into such a widespread punchline."
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reports that 87% of 190 critics gave the film a positive review, with an average rating of 8.2/10. The website's critics' consensus reads: "Flawlessly cast and brimming with dark, acid wit,
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debuted in France and Belgium. Expanding to 303 theaters in the United Kingdom, the film ranked first at the box office with $ 1.7 million. On the weekend of February 18—following
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1361:-like take on American suburbia"; Mendes constantly directed his set dressers to empty the frame. He made Lester's fantasy scenes "more fluid and graceful", and Mendes made minimal use of
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followed Bentley, and several other young actors, before and after he landed the part. To prepare, Mendes provided Bentley with a video camera, telling the actor to film what Ricky would.
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an "A+" grade; women under 21 gave it an "A". Men in the 21–34 age group gave the film a "B+"; women 21–34 gave it an "A−". Men 35 and over awarded a "B+"; women 35 and over gave a "B".
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1094:. Ball and Mendes revised the script twice before it was sent to the actors, and twice more before the first read-through. The script was written between June 1997 and February 1998.
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2066:, who awarded the film four out of four stars, singled Spacey out for successfully portraying a man who "does reckless and foolish things doesn't deceive himself". Kevin Jackson of
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by screening in 706 theaters across North America. The film grossed $ 8,188,587 over the weekend, ranking third at the box office. Audiences polled by the market research firm
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five weeks before ballots were due to be sent to the 5,600 Academy Award voters. Its campaign combined traditional advertising and publicity with more focused strategies. Although
1058:. He watched the bag for ten minutes, saying later that it provoked an "unexpected emotional response". In 1992, Ball became preoccupied with the media circus that accompanied the
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Mendes had Kevin Spacey and Bening in mind for the leads from the beginning, but DreamWorks executives were unenthusiastic. DreamWorks suggested several alternatives, including
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minimized the use of red, as it was an important thematic signature elsewhere. The Burnhams' home uses cool blues, while the Fitts's is kept in a "depressed military palette".
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said the cast ensemble "could not be better"; he praised Spacey's "handling of innuendo, subtle sarcasm, and blunt talk" and the way he imbued Lester with "genuine feeling".
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Ball remained involved throughout production; he had signed a television show development deal, so had to get permission from his producers to take a year off to be close to
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s highly, saying it evoked the tagline; he said, "You return to the poster again and again, thinking, this time you're gonna find something." DreamWorks did not want to
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or white card on the ceiling. This approach gave Hall more control over the shadows while keeping the fill light unobtrusive and the dark areas free of spill. Hall shot
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Mendes's dominating visual style was deliberate and composed, with a minimalist design that provided "a sparse, almost surreal feeling—a bright, crisp, hard edged, near
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were proposed to play Carolyn. Mendes did not want a big star "weighing the film down"; he felt Spacey was the right choice based on his performances in the 1995 films
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in a pile of eight scripts at Swofford's house, and knew immediately that it was the one he wanted to make; early in his career, he had been inspired by how the film
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2407:, so the studio took a new approach by hiring outsiders to provide input for the campaign. It hired three veteran consultants, who told the studio to "think small".
1017:. Mendes's background also reassured him, because of the prominent role the playwright usually has in a theater production. Over two meetings—the first with Cooper,
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DVD, as he changed his mind after recording the commentary; Mendes felt that to show scenes he previously chose not to use would detract from the film's integrity.
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campaigning was prohibited, DreamWorks reached voters by promoting the film in "casual, comfortable settings" in voters' communities. The studio's candidate for
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chose the score as one of twenty essential soundtracks it believed spoke to the "complex and innovative relationships between music and screen storytelling".
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in North America on September 17, 1999, receiving widespread critical and popular acclaim. It was the second-best-reviewed American film of the year behind
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McCarthy praised the production and costume design, and said the soundtrack was good at creating "ironic counterpoint" to the story. Hentzi concluded that
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at three theaters in Los Angeles and three in New York. More theaters were added during the limited run, and on October 1, the film officially entered
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painfully real" characters. Hentzi, while critical of many of Mendes and Ball's choices, admitted the film showed off their "considerable talents".
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made $ 6.8 million. This return was lower than would have been expected had DreamWorks and Blockbuster reached an agreement. In the same year,
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The theme of imprisonment is evoked in this scene showing Lester's reflection in the monitor behind columns of data, which resembles an inmate in a
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isn't as clever as we thought it was, though it's inadvertently aged into a kind of wounded, embattled wisdom. Perhaps it's worth looking closer".
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for almost every scene, which he said in retrospect may not have been the best choice, as the optical steps required to blow Super 35 up for its
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to about 1,000 members of the Actors Fund of America, as many participating actors were also voters. Bruce Feldman took writer Alan Ball to the
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his life, for which he expresses gratitude. Despite being murdered, he is finally happy knowing that beauty can be found anywhere in the world.
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Ball was partly inspired by two encounters he had in the early 1990s. In about 1991–92, Ball saw a plastic bag blowing in the wind outside the
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between the piece and the space in which we see it, leave the room when we wish close our eyes and remember, and return for further viewings."
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said Spacey impressed in ways distinct from his previous performances, the most satisfying aspect being his portrayal of "both sap and hero".
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Nonetheless, other critics still defend the artistic value of the film. In 2014, on the occasion of the fifteenth anniversary of the movie,
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741:". Hausmann concludes that Lester's behavior toward Angela is "a misguided but nearly necessary step toward his becoming a father again".
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2263:. Its satire isn't sophisticated, but it's pointed, identifiable, and still often cuttingly funny, emblematic of a tone of withering pre-
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because he felt it was the one for which Ball had the most passion. While developing the script, Ball created another television sitcom,
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339:; further analysis has focused on the film's explorations of romantic and paternal love, sexuality, materialism, self-liberation, and
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uses its "art house" trappings to direct its message of nonconformity primarily to the middle classes, and that this approach is a "
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2837:"Theaters" refers to individual movie theaters, which may have multiple auditoriums. Later, "screens" refers to single auditoriums.
2008:(TIFF), where it won the People's Choice award after a ballot of the festival's audiences. TIFF's director, Piers Handling, said, "
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Munt, Sally R. (September 2006). "A Queer Undertaking: Anxiety and reparation in the HBO television drama series Six Feet Under".
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The opening included a dream in which Lester imagines himself flying above the town. Mendes spent two days filming Spacey against
667:" domestic bliss to her car and gardening outfit, Carolyn's domain is a "fetching American millennial vision of Pleasantville, or
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and on "quirkier" tracks employed more unorthodox methods, such as tapping metal mixing bowls with a finger and using a detuned
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in the front said, 'Ask who really liked the movie.' So I did, and they all put up their hands. And I thought, 'Thank you, God.
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2175:, including by men who were underage at the time of the allegations. This led many critics and one of Spacey's accusers, actor
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1524:(T1.9); given his preference for shooting that wide, Hall favored high-speed stocks to allow for more subtle lighting effects.
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arranged meetings for Mendes with studio figures in Los Angeles to see if film direction was a possibility. Mendes came across
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Carver, Benedict; Jones, Oliver (September 13, 1999). "'Beauty' and the buzz: Mendes bow wows Toronto; SPE near 'East' deal".
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to "reintroduce to the town as a screenwriter". Ball pitched three ideas to Cannava: two conventional romantic comedies and
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grossed $ 130.1 million in North America and $ 226.2 million internationally, for $ 356.3 million worldwide.
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a "B+" grade on average. The theater count hit a high of 1,528 at the end of the month, before a gradual decline. Following
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were cast (as Buddy Kane and Barbara Fitts) after filming began in December 1998. Mendes gave Janney a book of paintings by
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had earned $ 7 million in 12 countries for a total of $ 12.1 million outside North America. On February 4,
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6925:"Kevin Spacey Accuser Anthony Rapp Says Watching Actor Seduce Teenager in 'American Beauty' Was 'Unpleasantly Familiar'"
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only felt able to identify with them during cast rehearsals, which gave him fresh ideas on his approach to the visuals.
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for Hall. The film was nominated for and won many other awards and honors, mainly for directing, writing, and acting.
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was offered the role of Angela Hayes but she turned it down because of the character and Lester's sexual behaviors.
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himself to the studio. The studio soon approached Mendes with a deal to direct for the minimum salary allowed under
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reported that "no other 1999 movie has benefited from such universal raves." It was the best-received title at the
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co-star. Academics have described the film as satirizing how beauty and personal satisfaction are perceived by the
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Hausmann, Vincent (2004). "Envisioning the (W)hole World "Behind Things": Denying Otherness in American Beauty".
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made $ 8.1 million, though the latter's North American theatrical performance was just 29 percent that of
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4859:"'A lot of the demons seem a little cheesy now': Sarah Michelle Gellar on Buffy, her burnout and her comeback"
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couple can be just as boring." Ball also included aspects of a gay couple he knew who had the same forename.
1206:", which she enjoyed and persuaded the director to include it for a scene in which Carolyn sings in her car.
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alter the scene came from DreamWorks's then-president Walter Parkes. He convinced Ball by indicating that in
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In March 2000, the Publicists Guild of America recognized DreamWorks for the best film publicity campaign.
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considered the score one of Newman's best, saying it " the film's transcendentalist aspirations". In 2006,
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1782:. With the filmmakers and cast in attendance, it screened at several American universities, including the
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personal wholeness". Carolyn is similarly driven by conventional views of happiness; from her belief in "
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Hall, Ann C. (2006). Fahy, Thomas Richard (ed.). "Good Mourning, America: Alan Ball's American Beauty".
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drew interest from several production bodies. Cannava passed the script to several producers, including
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5942:"CinemaScore Ratings Compare with Golden Globes:Critics Both Confirm, Deny Latest Audience Preferences"
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Probst, Christopher; Heuring, David; Holben, Jay; Thomson, Patricia (June 2000). "Impeccable Images".
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parking lot, where the writer became confident that Spielberg "got" the script and its intended tone.
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2476:. Both studios mounted aggressive campaigns; DreamWorks bought 38 percent more advertising space in
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was the underdog in the race for Best Picture; however, at the Golden Globe Awards in January 2000,
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the film was layered, subversive, complex, and surprising, concluding it was "a hell of a picture".
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Link, Stan (Spring 2004). "Nor the Eye Filled with Seeing: The Sound of Vision in Film Author(s)".
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Another example comes with the songs that Carolyn picks to accompany the Burnhams' dinners—upbeat "
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self-absorption, Lester Burnham couldn't see the real collision course looming ahead, a future of
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1705:. An album featuring 19 tracks from Newman's score was released on January 11, 2000, and won the
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had been cast in the parts—in Birch's case, despite the fact she was 16 years old and was deemed
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7373:"WGA Lists Greatest Screenplays, From 'Casablanca' and 'Godfather' to 'Memento' and 'Notorious'"
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In 2017, allegations of sexual assault against actor Kevin Spacey surfaced at the height of the
1457:, who turned the job down because he did not like the script. Hall was recommended to Mendes by
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987: (1984) presented contemporary America as a mythic landscape and he saw the same theme in
963:; neither accepted. In the same year, Sam Mendes (then a theater director) revived the musical
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7030:"American Beauty Was Bad 20 Years Ago and It's Bad Now. But It Still Has Something to Tell Us"
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Ball did not expect to sell the script, believing it would act as more of a calling card, but
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sameness" that the film criticizes in heterosexual couples. The feminist academic and author
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Furby, Jacqueline (Winter 2006). "Rhizomatic Time and Temporal Poetics in American Beauty".
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between Kevin Spacey as Lester Burnham and Mena Suvari as Angela Hayes. DreamWorks rejected
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the script; instead, in April 1998, the studio bought it outright for $ 250,000, outbidding
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7135:"'American Beauty' Tops the Oscars; Main Acting Awards Go to Kevin Spacey and Hilary Swank"
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Despite their desire to conform, Jim and Jim are openly, proudly gay, a contradiction that
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is a smart, provocative high point of late '90s mainstream Hollywood film." According to
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560:"innumerable voices intruding on the original author's," Booth says, those who interpret
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2461:; perceptions had shifted—the film was now the favorite to dominate the Academy Awards.
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approached, a frontrunner had not emerged. DreamWorks had launched a major campaign for
1701:, an abridged soundtrack album was released on October 5, 1999, and was nominated for a
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and grossed over $ 350 million worldwide against its $ 15-million budget, becoming
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in Los Angeles. The aerial shots at the beginning and end of the film were captured in
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as a play in the early 1990s, partly inspired by the media circus that accompanied the
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success in January 2000, DreamWorks re-expanded its market presence to 1,990 theaters.
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Wallace, Amy (March 28, 2000). "Aggressive campaign may have helped 'Beauty's' win".
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5264:"From 'Cabaret' to California / Dark 'American Beauty' lures Sam Mendes to Hollywood"
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Ball said he decided on DreamWorks after an accidental meeting with Spielberg in the
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2015:
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Principal photography lasted about 50 days, from December 14, 1998 to February 1999.
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4081:"The New Season / Film: Stage to Screen; A Wunderkind Discovers the Wonders of Film"
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Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture
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Chumo II, Peter N. (January 2000). "American Beauty: An Interview with Alan Ball".
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ranked the screenplay number 38 on its list of the 101 greatest screenplays.
1317:; several extras in the gym crowd were South High students. The film is set in an
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allows him to regress to a point when he could "see his whole life ahead of him".
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American Beauty, The Awards Edition: Audio commentary . (Los Angeles: DreamWorks)
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6893:"Actor Anthony Rapp: Kevin Spacey Made A Sexual Advance Toward Me When I Was 14"
1998:
received overwhelming praise upon release, chiefly for Spacey, Mendes and Ball.
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format on October 24, 2000. Before the North American rental release on May 9,
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Harris, Dana (December 28, 1998). "Allison Janney set for 'Nurse,' 'Beauty'".
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but that plays down the scenes of cruelty and horror, and Ball's disgust with
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when he becomes infatuated with his teenage daughter's best friend, played by
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Some postmodernist readings would posit no need for an identified voice; see
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of 84 out of 100 based on 34 critics, the film received "universal acclaim".
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Galloway, Stephen (December 23, 1998). "Gallagher role: thing of 'Beauty'".
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Nancy Willen encouraged DreamWorks to produce a special about the making of
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McKittrick, Casey (Spring 2001). "I Laughed and Cringed at the same Time".
5630:"Holy shit, that's Christina Hendricks' hand on the American Beauty poster"
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Despite the story's lack of an easily marketable concept, Cannava selected
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7882:(6). Hollywood, California: American Society of Cinematographers: 74–109.
6230:"Pretty Penny for 'Beauty'?; Big Win Expected to Give Film a Major Boo$ t"
5931:. Archived from the original on April 8, 2000. Retrieved January 17, 2010.
4762:
Gordinier, Jeff (March 1, 2000). "Annette Bening – American Beauty".
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The scene at the fast food outlet where Lester discovers Carolyn's affair.
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Vlessing, Etan (September 20, 1999). "'Beauty' counts at Toronto fest".
6293:
Villa, Joan (April 28, 2000). "Beating Blockbuster on American Beauty".
6016:"Preems push o'seas B.O.: 'Ashes,' 'Kings,' 'Beauty' bows boost weekend"
4729:
Gordinier, Jeff (March 1, 2000). "Kevin Spacey – American Beauty".
2422:
advised the studio to advertise in free publications that circulated in
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Verniere, James (September 18, 2009). "Hub Film Fest: It's Reel Time".
2709:, which he directed in 1992. The play made it to the screen in 1998 as
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6999:"American Beauty at 20: is the Oscar-winning hit worth a closer look?"
5533:"Steely Dan, U2, Eminem, Macy Gray: Winners of the 2001 Grammy Awards"
774:
Lester's fixation on Angela is symbolized by a discordant, percussive
346:
After being filmed in California from December 1998 to February 1999,
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Films whose cinematographer won the Best Cinematography Academy Award
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Chagollan, Steve (December 15, 1999). "Noms Watch: American Beauty".
4887:
Honeycutt, Kirk (November 6, 1998). "'Beloved' actor sees 'Beauty'".
2624:
2241:
2107:"shrewd", naming Hall and Newman in particular. Turan suggested that
1740:
Reviewing the posters of several films of the year, David Hochman of
1666:
1654:
1536:
1437:
1362:
911:
823:
encouragement that viewers look closer". Toward the end of the film,
577:
418:
72:
15194:
9586:
Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb
7709:
5999:
Fleming, Michael (November 29, 1999). "H'w'd taps on Mendes' door".
1556:
release print led to a slight amount of degradation; therefore, the
14749:
13985:
Producers Guild of America Award for Best Theatrical Motion Picture
12388:
11778:
10672:
10373:
8979:
7919:
6954:
6952:
4830:
1619:
1510:
1374:
1358:
1321:
neighborhood in an unidentified American town. Production designer
1242:
922:. With the help of executives Glenn Williamson and Bob Cooper, and
779:
3961:
Cohen, David S. (March 7, 2000). "Scripter Ball hits a home run".
15716:
Toronto International Film Festival People's Choice Award winners
15676:
Films whose writer won the Best Original Screenplay Academy Award
14541:
13790:
8194:
2797:
The navel pictured is not Mena Suvari's; it belongs to the model
2473:
1975:
1626:
1607:
1294:
1225:
For the roles of Jane, Ricky, and Angela, DreamWorks gave Mendes
993:
873:, where his representative, Andrew Cannava, suggested he write a
12583:
6949:
2724:
One of which director of photography Conrad Hall had filmed for
1489:
Hall's approach was to create peaceful compositions that evoked
15408:
15226:
13718:
12760:
10405:
7063:"Examining 'American Beauty' at 15: A masterpiece, or a farce?"
2921:
2222:
wrote, "In 2019, beating up on Sam Mendes' multi-Oscar-winning
2130:
1603:
1521:
951:
865:
392:, the film won five Oscars, including Best Picture, along with
15626:
Films featuring a Best Actor Academy Award-winning performance
12532:
10908:
Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Award for Best Film
7476:(Spring 2002). "Is There an 'Implied' Author in Every Film?".
4604:"Chevy Chase: 'I Wasn't Cut Out To Be a Romantic Leading Man'"
1216:
also declined the same role, due to scheduling conflicts with
1193:
president coif" hairstyle, and Mendes and production designer
947:. DreamWorks planned to make the film for $ 6–8 million.
536:
Scholars and academics have offered many possible readings of
11808:
11658:
8859:
8088:
2896:
The Best Director award was presented to Mendes by Spielberg.
2186:
In 2019, on the twentieth anniversary of the film's release,
1599:
1169:
Spacey loosely based Lester's early "schlubby" deportment on
549:
7951:
4317:
4315:
2615:
According to Hausmann, "These films appear to suggest that
2445:
was nominated for eight Academy Awards; its closest rivals,
307:
stars as Lester Burnham, an advertising executive who has a
6642:"'American Beauty': Dad's Dead, and He's Still a Funny Guy"
2012:
was the buzz of the festival, the film most talked-about."
7873:
5432:
5210:
2056:
said Spacey was at his "wittiest and most agile" to date.
15666:
Films whose director won the Best Directing Academy Award
14985:
Toronto International Film Festival People's Choice Award
7061:
Fetters, Ashley; Zuckerman, Esther (September 15, 2014).
4312:
2755: (1973). A shot of Lester's jogging was a homage to
2697:
Mendes had considered the idea before; he almost took on
2559:
1920:
1916:
1770:
The film had its world premiere on September 8, 1999, at
7321:
McNary, Dave (March 23, 2000). "Pubs tap 'Beauty,' 'Wing
6678:"American Beauty movie review & film summary (1999)"
15671:
Films whose director won the Best Director Golden Globe
7509:(1). Los Angeles: Creative Screenwriters Group: 26–35.
6873:. Vol. 19, no. 1. September 2005. p. 103
5614:
Hochman, David (November 26, 1999). "Moving Pictures".
1817:
played in North America in 1999–2000. After the film's
12185:
London Film Critics' Circle Award for Film of the Year
7271:"Oscar Victory Finally Lifts The Cloud for DreamWorks"
6847:
6845:
5050:. Vol. 10, no. 2. p. 40. Archived from
4778:
4776:
4774:
4772:
4633:
4631:
1625:
The soundtrack features songs by Newman, Bobby Darin,
1115:: Wes Bentley, Chris Cooper, Mena Suvari, Kevin Spacey
15397:
3554:
3552:
3280:"Finding Spiritual Rebirth In a Valley of Male Ennui"
2511:
won six of the 14 awards for which it was nominated:
10234:
Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Film
7663:
Kemp, Philip (January 2000). "The Nice Man Cometh".
7175:. New York Times Online. Retrieved January 14, 2010.
5812:
Hayes, Dade; Moerk, Christian (September 21, 1999).
1955:. Blockbuster's strategy also affected rental fees;
13883:
Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Ensemble
6842:
4769:
4628:
3166:
3164:
2434:, where Ball attended a private dinner in honor of
319:stars as Lester's materialistic wife, Carolyn, and
15621:Films with screenplays by Alan Ball (screenwriter)
14319:San Diego Film Critics Society Award for Best Film
13613:Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Picture
11296:Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Drama
8340:
7340:"American Beauty's screen kiss is too hot for MTV"
5559:"Filmmaker Selects 20 Essential Movie Soundtracks"
4206:
3549:
9969:The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring
6961:"The Steady Cultural Demise Of 'American Beauty'"
5428:
5426:
5424:
5422:
5367:"'Beauty' mark: DVD due with 3 hours of extras".
5206:
5204:
5202:
5200:
5198:
5196:
4240:
4238:
4225:
4223:
4221:
4134:
4132:
4130:
4128:
3599:
3597:
3219:
3217:
3124:
3122:
3120:
3118:
3116:
2438:, meeting several voters who were in attendance.
1867:Australia, the United Kingdom, Spain and Norway,
791:cheerleaders perform their half-time routine to "
15457:
7060:
5921:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
3742:
3740:
3382:
3380:
3161:
3086:
3084:
2606:says may seem strange to heterosexual audiences.
705:With other turn-of-the-millennium films such as
14203:Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance)
12381:Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World
11161:Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance)
9251:Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance)
7607:Hentzi, Gary (Winter 2000). "American Beauty".
7409:"The War of the Roses: Meaning and Epiphany in
5627:
5586:Graser, Marc; Madigan, Nick (August 31, 1999).
5375:
4895:
4865:
4758:
4756:
4446:
4444:
3616:
3614:
3612:
3139:
3137:
3103:
3101:
3099:
2541:
2340:named the film the best of 1999, but while the
2204:, critic Guy Lodge wrote "the pushback against
1762:. Mendes claimed the screening went very well.
8297:
7370:
6822:"The Tube Has Few Intriguing Choices to Offer"
6408:"Film Directors Assess DVD Extras' Pros, Cons"
5457:
5455:
5453:
5419:
5193:
5139:
5137:
5083:
5081:
4743:
4741:
4739:
4235:
4218:
4194:
4182:
4125:
4024:
4022:
3956:
3954:
3594:
3214:
3113:
1813:Graph showing the number of theaters in which
1579:American Beauty: Original Motion Picture Score
1293:was filmed on soundstages at the Warner Bros.
567:
14969:
14740:The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King
14631:
14303:
14109:The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King
13969:
13867:
13679:The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King
13597:
12569:
12169:
11940:The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King
11280:
11051:The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King
10892:
10663:The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King
10554:
10366:The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King
10218:
9989:The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King
9384:
9370:
9141:The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King
8326:
8104:
7967:
7642:Kazan, Nicholas (March 2000). "True Beauty".
7417:Catching Light: Looking for God in the Movies
6731:
6709:
6707:
6705:
6458:
6456:
6454:
5585:
5409:
5407:
5405:
5392:
5390:
5302:
5300:
4725:
4723:
4710:
4708:
4706:
4704:
4702:
4700:
4698:
4053:"DreamWorks grateful for 'American Beauty'".
3737:
3584:
3582:
3569:
3567:
3471:
3404:
3377:
3204:
3202:
3200:
3198:
3196:
3183:
3181:
3179:
3081:
2324:List of accolades received by American Beauty
1778:. Three days later, the film appeared at the
1309:, and many of the school scenes were shot at
1136:to play Lester (the role was also offered to
1120:: Annette Bening, Thora Birch, Allison Janney
15646:Films shot in Los Angeles County, California
12585:National Board of Review Award for Best Film
10570:Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Picture
7023:
7021:
6784:
6782:
6599:
6597:
6595:
6593:
6591:
5975:"An 'American' kickoff for London Film Fest"
5903:. Archived from the original on July 6, 2000
5777:
5775:
5773:
5771:
4753:
4553:
4551:
4549:
4536:
4534:
4532:
4461:
4459:
4441:
4431:
4429:
3822:
3820:
3609:
3425:
3423:
3421:
3419:
3134:
3096:
3042:
1707:Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album
6435:"American Beauty Blu-ray: Sapphire Edition"
6405:
6341:
6339:
6255:
6253:
6116:
6114:
5704:
5610:
5608:
5450:
5348:
5324:
5287:
5285:
5283:
5134:
5078:
5035:
5033:
5031:
5029:
5027:
4882:
4880:
4736:
4414:
4404:
4402:
4389:
4387:
4374:
4372:
4327:
4172:
4170:
4168:
4166:
4164:
4151:
4149:
4147:
4074:
4072:
4070:
4068:
4066:
4019:
3997:
3995:
3993:
3980:
3978:
3976:
3974:
3972:
3951:
3928:
3926:
3924:
3911:
3909:
3907:
3655:
3653:
3500:
3498:
3307:
3305:
3303:
3301:
3071:
3069:
3067:
3065:
3063:
3061:
3059:
3057:
3032:
3030:
3017:
3015:
3013:
2988:
2986:
2984:
2468:s closest rival for Best Picture was still
2416:British Academy of Film and Television Arts
2268:match." Lodge concluded, "Twenty years on,
2102:a "stunning card of introduction" for film
1800:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
1539:. Hall employed Kodak Vision 200T 5274 and
1531:cameras with the company's Primo series of
692:
531:
14976:
14962:
14638:
14624:
14310:
14296:
13976:
13962:
13874:
13860:
13604:
13590:
12576:
12562:
12176:
12162:
11287:
11273:
10899:
10885:
10561:
10547:
10225:
10211:
9377:
9363:
8333:
8319:
8111:
8097:
7974:
7960:
7944:
7819:
7767:
7732:
7441:
7161:
7159:
7157:
7028:Zacharek, Stephanie (September 18, 2019).
6865:"The 20 most overrated movies of all time"
6851:
6719:
6702:
6632:
6630:
6628:
6451:
6368:
5811:
5751:"Noms are B.O. gold for 'Beauty,' 'Cider'"
5654:
5621:
5519:
5490:
5461:
5438:
5402:
5387:
5381:
5354:
5342:
5318:
5306:
5297:
5246:
5234:
5222:
5087:
5018:
5006:
4871:
4782:
4747:
4720:
4714:
4695:
4637:
4244:
4229:
4212:
4200:
4188:
4138:
3838:
3826:
3795:
3793:
3791:
3770:
3603:
3588:
3579:
3573:
3564:
3558:
3504:
3489:
3266:
3254:
3238:
3236:
3234:
3232:
3223:
3208:
3193:
3187:
3176:
3155:
3128:
3075:
2810:The hand on the poster belongs to actress
2565:
2546:In April 2000, controversy arose when the
1697:. Produced by the film's music supervisor
29:
15591:Films about adultery in the United States
15323:Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri
15080:Women on the Verge of a Nervous Breakdown
14880:Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri
13941:Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri
12493:Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri
12080:Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri
10129:Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri
7128:
7126:
7124:
7122:
7120:
7018:
6992:
6990:
6988:
6779:
6750:
6748:
6746:
6588:
6474:
6288:
6286:
6221:
5768:
5744:
5742:
5567:. Vol. Winter 2006. pp. 110–111
5257:
5255:
5171:
5066:
4886:
4546:
4529:
4456:
4426:
4344:
4342:
3873:
3871:
3817:
3523:
3521:
3519:
3517:
3515:
3513:
3447:
3416:
3392:
3353:
3341:
2855:According to the firm, men under 21 gave
2432:Santa Barbara International Film Festival
1610:; also featured were guitars, flute, and
7768:Mendes, Sam; Ball, Alan (October 2000).
7565:
7500:
7027:
6603:
6515:
6336:
6250:
6227:
6145:
6143:
6111:
5814:"Helmer Mendes close to deal at D'Works"
5605:
5280:
5174:"You'll Need a Permission Slip for That"
5143:
5024:
4976:
4959:
4877:
4540:
4495:from the original on September 22, 2008.
4476:
4474:
4450:
4408:
4399:
4384:
4378:
4369:
4333:
4321:
4282:
4276:
4176:
4161:
4144:
4079:Weinraub, Bernard (September 12, 1999).
4078:
4063:
4046:
4001:
3990:
3984:
3969:
3932:
3921:
3904:
3731:
3719:
3701:
3650:
3632:
3620:
3495:
3483:
3335:
3317:
3298:
3170:
3107:
3054:
3027:
3010:
2981:
2212:Similar to Matthew Jacobs's assessment,
1808:
1331:
1105:
764:
753:
605:
571:
15561:Best Drama Picture Golden Globe winners
7281:from the original on November 10, 2016.
7228:
7215:
7184:
7178:
7154:
6973:from the original on September 10, 2019
6791:"Road to best pic: An 'American' dream"
6625:
6358:from the original on November 10, 2016.
6345:
6312:
6310:
6308:
6306:
6304:
5998:
5972:
5863:
5861:
5859:
5719:
5700:
5698:
5675:
5588:"Amazon.com books 'Beauty' for D'Works"
5486:
5484:
5114:
5039:
4676:Fleming, Michael (September 23, 1998).
4675:
4650:Fleming, Michael (September 15, 1998).
4649:
3947:from the original on December 23, 2016.
3844:
3788:
3670:
3668:
3529:"From the drafting board: Naomi Shohan"
3229:
2484:won five Academy Awards: Best Picture,
1985:
1792:University of California at Los Angeles
1598:". The percussion instruments included
1001:, Spielberg encouraged him to consider
362:the ninth highest-grossing film of 1999
15458:
7842:
7606:
7421:William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company
7234:
7187:"'Beauty' Tops in Trade Ad Promotions"
7117:
7075:from the original on December 13, 2022
6985:
6958:
6788:
6743:
6737:
6725:
6713:
6666:
6636:
6462:
6316:
6283:
6201:
6175:
6149:
6120:
6065:
6039:
6013:
5881:from the original on September 5, 2015
5739:
5722:"'Beauty' gets high scores in college"
5669:
5444:
5413:
5396:
5252:
5144:Costello, Becca (September 30, 2004).
5115:Fleming, Michael (February 23, 1999).
4991:
4570:Evans, Bradford (September 22, 2011).
4348:
4339:
4256:
4099:
3880:"A Kiss After Supper: American Beauty"
3877:
3868:
3510:
2969:from the original on September 5, 2015
2951:
2949:
1703:Grammy Award for Best Soundtrack Album
1025:, the second with Cooper alone—Mendes
526:
14957:
14619:
14602:Are You There God? It's Me, Margaret.
14291:
13957:
13933:The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers
13855:
13687:Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind
13671:The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers
13585:
12557:
12157:
11268:
10880:
10542:
10206:
9358:
8314:
8296:
8092:
7955:
7641:
7521:
7472:
7406:
7268:
7132:
7105:from the original on October 25, 2021
6996:
6959:Jacobs, Matthew (September 9, 2019).
6819:
6754:
6672:
6604:McCarthy, Todd (September 13, 1999).
6544:from the original on January 26, 2021
6490:Klady, Leonard (September 20, 1999).
6489:
6406:Fitzpatrick, Eileen (July 29, 2000).
6380:
6292:
6140:
6091:
5837:
5783:"American Beauty: Weekend Box Office"
5748:
5501:. Vol. 5, no. 2. p. 36
5261:
5072:
4901:
4806:from the original on November 5, 2012
4569:
4557:
4471:
4465:
4435:
4420:
4393:
4306:
4294:
4155:
4040:
4028:
4013:
3960:
3915:
3811:
3782:
3758:
3746:
3477:
3465:
3453:
3429:
3410:
3398:
3386:
3359:
3347:
3090:
3048:
3036:
3021:
2992:
2739:The shot references a similar one in
2275:
1935:In its first week of rental release,
1544:contrast. Hall used a 1/8th strength
323:plays their insecure daughter, Jane.
16:1999 American black comedy-drama film
15656:Films shot in Sacramento, California
7859:American Society of Cinematographers
7778:
7689:
7662:
7542:
7371:Savage, Sophia (February 27, 2013).
7197:from the original on August 12, 2023
6301:
5973:Dawtrey, Adam (September 16, 1999).
5856:
5720:Archerd, Army (September 16, 1999).
5695:
5678:"'American Beauty' is belle of ball"
5676:Higgins, Bill (September 13, 1999).
5636:from the original on August 23, 2019
5481:
5462:Burlingame, Jon (January 20, 2000).
5330:
5291:
5276:from the original on August 3, 2021.
4856:
4838:from the original on January 5, 2023
4826:"Kirsten Dunst Keeps Her Clothes on"
4616:from the original on January 5, 2023
4517:from the original on August 31, 2021
4480:
3933:Fanshawe, Simon (January 22, 2000).
3862:
3850:
3799:
3707:
3674:
3665:
3659:
3644:
3441:
3371:
3323:
3311:
3278:Desowitz, Bill (December 12, 1999).
3242:
3143:
3004:
2927:British Board of Film Classification
2882:American Society of Cinematographers
2350:Los Angeles Film Critics Association
2152:Great Recession of late 2007 to 2009
1784:University of California at Berkeley
375:success following its controversial
15586:English-language black comedy films
7822:The History of Sex in American Film
7446:If It's Purple, Someone's Gonna Die
7315:
7262:
6690:from the original on August 9, 2020
6576:from the original on April 21, 2021
5628:Hughes, William (August 22, 2019).
5491:Torniainen, James (February 2000).
5262:Stein, Ruthe (September 12, 1999).
5117:"Spacey, DeVito lend 'Hospitality'"
4105:
2946:
2846:Crossing the 600-theater threshold.
2814:, who was a hand model at the time.
2006:Toronto International Film Festival
1780:Toronto International Film Festival
13:
15601:Films about dysfunctional families
15571:Best Picture Academy Award winners
15526:American coming-of-age drama films
15064:The Decline of the American Empire
9659:Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid
7843:Probst, Christopher (March 2000).
6933:. October 11, 2022. Archived from
6905:from the original on July 19, 2018
6346:Nichols, Peter M. (May 26, 2000).
5950:. January 27, 2000. Archived from
5838:Klady, Leonard (October 4, 1999).
4796:"Kiss and tell from Kirsten Dunst"
4349:Kilday, Gregg (January 18, 2000).
2934:from the original on July 14, 2015
2338:Broadcast Film Critics Association
2142:A few months after the release of
1606:, cymbals, piano, xylophones, and
1110:The principal actors and actresses
303:in his feature directorial debut.
14:
15727:
14930:Everything Everywhere All at Once
14267:Everything Everywhere All at Once
13831:Everything Everywhere All at Once
12601:I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang
11241:Everything Everywhere All at Once
10853:Everything Everywhere All at Once
9331:Everything Everywhere All at Once
8076:Five Women Wearing the Same Dress
7896:
7733:Lowenstein, Stephen, ed. (2008).
7484:(2). West Chester, Pennsylvania:
7303:from the original on May 26, 2018
6997:Lodge, Guy (September 13, 2019).
6789:Kilday, Gregg (January 8, 2001).
6654:from the original on June 3, 2020
6228:Hoffmann, Bill (March 28, 2000).
6176:Groves, Don (February 28, 2000).
6150:Groves, Don (February 28, 2000).
6121:Groves, Don (February 22, 2000).
5749:Hayes, Dade (February 27, 2000).
4914:from the original on June 2, 2013
4902:Ebert, Roger (October 10, 1999).
4584:from the original on June 8, 2020
2706:The Rise and Fall of Little Voice
2480:than Miramax. On March 26, 2000,
1862:had its European premiere at the
1765:
1444:
969:in New York with fellow director
15701:LGBT-related coming-of-age films
15443:
15431:
15419:
15407:
11368:The Treasure of the Sierra Madre
7364:
7352:from the original on May 9, 2014
7332:
7285:
7209:
7087:
7054:
6917:
6885:
6857:
6813:
6801:from the original on May 3, 2020
6556:
6524:
6509:
6483:
6468:
6428:
6399:
6381:Perry, Vern (October 30, 2000).
6374:
6362:
6261:"American Beauty: About the DVD"
6204:"Oscar noms boost B.O. overseas"
6195:
6169:
6092:Woods, Mark (February 8, 2000).
6085:
6066:Groves, Don (February 6, 2000).
6059:
6040:Groves, Don (January 25, 2000).
6033:
6014:Groves, Don (January 18, 2000).
6007:
5992:
5966:
5934:
5893:
5840:"'Double' decks 'Kings' at B.O."
5831:
5805:
5713:
5648:
5579:
5551:
5525:
5513:
5360:
5336:
5312:
5240:
5228:
5216:
5172:Matsumoto, Jon (July 22, 2001).
5165:
5108:
5093:
5040:Jackson, Kevin (February 2000).
5012:
5000:
4985:
4970:
4953:
4929:
4850:
4818:
4788:
4669:
4643:
4596:
4563:
4499:
4257:Hindes, Andrew (June 16, 1998).
2890:
2862:
2849:
2840:
2831:
2817:
2804:
2791:
2782:
2733:
2718:
2621:Male Subjectivity at the Margins
2505:53rd British Academy Film Awards
2346:National Society of Film Critics
2334:Chicago Film Critics Association
2137:
1140:, but he turned it down), while
15696:LGBT-related comedy-drama films
15691:LGBT-related black comedy films
15596:Films about anti-LGBT sentiment
15476:1990s coming-of-age drama films
11638:One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest
9719:One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest
9709:Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore
9606:Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?
8839:One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest
7700:(1). Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania:
7503:Creative Screenwriting Magazine
7235:Karger, Dave (March 10, 2000).
7185:Wallace, Amy (March 15, 2000).
6348:"On the Shelves (Or Maybe Not)"
4945:. March 1, 2007. Archived from
4937:"There's a reason for R rating"
4857:Hunt, Elle (January 30, 2023).
4572:"The Lost Roles of Chevy Chase"
4300:
4288:
4250:
4034:
4007:
3856:
3832:
3805:
3776:
3764:
3752:
3725:
3713:
3638:
3626:
3459:
3435:
3365:
3329:
3272:
3260:
3248:
3149:
2715:, without Mendes's involvement.
2691:
2678:
2665:
2648:
2638:
2609:
2596:
1297:in Burbank, California, and at
15641:Films set in the United States
15187:Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon
12982:They Shoot Horses, Don't They?
10179:All Quiet on the Western Front
8378:All Quiet on the Western Front
8342:Academy Award for Best Picture
8118:
7648:Writers Guild of America, West
7619:University of California Press
7269:Lyman, Rick (March 28, 2000).
7133:Lyman, Rick (March 27, 2000).
6317:Wilson, Wendy (May 18, 2000).
5901:"CinemaScore: American Beauty"
4108:"D'Works courts 'Beauty' spec"
3878:Miller, Drew (July 20, 2004).
2998:
2914:
2583:
1945:made $ 22 million, while
1890:board; the following weekend,
1614:instruments. Newman also used
1336:The film used aerial shots of
843:
1:
15636:Films scored by Thomas Newman
15631:Films produced by Bruce Cohen
15611:Films about sexual repression
15566:Best Film BAFTA Award winners
15536:American romantic drama films
10823:Once Upon a Time in Hollywood
7981:
7627:10.1525/fq.2000.54.2.04a00060
7574:(1). Durham, North Carolina:
7547:. Jefferson, North Carolina:
6820:Brown, Joel (June 22, 2001).
6202:Groves, Don (March 6, 2000).
5146:"It was filmed in Sacramento"
4481:Wolk, Josh (March 27, 2000).
3675:Ball, Alan (March 28, 2000).
2902:
1907:
1796:University of Texas at Austin
838:
15706:LGBT-related satirical films
15616:Films directed by Sam Mendes
15506:1999 directorial debut films
15481:1990s English-language films
12862:The Bridge on the River Kwai
11458:The Bridge on the River Kwai
9506:The Bridge on the River Kwai
8659:The Bridge on the River Kwai
8249:(2024, creator and director)
7857:(3). Hollywood, California:
7820:Pennington, Jody W. (2007).
7584:10.1215/02705346-19-1_55-113
6383:"These discs go to extremes"
5789:. Amazon.com. Archived from
5151:Sacramento News & Review
4652:"Spacey nears 'Beauty' deal"
2542:MTV Movie Awards controversy
2342:New York Film Critics Circle
2317:
2280:The film was spoofed by the
1968:Paramount Home Entertainment
1882:s eight nominations for the
1727:
1575:American Beauty (soundtrack)
1461:, because of Hall's work on
1089:
812:According to Drew Miller of
778:that temporarily replaces a
221:September 17, 1999
7:
15576:Coming-of-age romance films
15551:American teen romance films
15531:American LGBT-related films
15521:American black comedy films
12942:The Eleanor Roosevelt Story
12852:Around the World in 80 Days
12269:Distant Voices, Still Lives
11448:Around the World in 80 Days
11342:The Best Years of Our Lives
9899:Four Weddings and a Funeral
9406:The Best Years of Our Lives
8649:Around the World in 80 Days
8538:The Best Years of Our Lives
7617:(2). Berkeley, California:
7528:Manchester University Press
6698:– via rogerebert.com.
6492:"'Beauty' captures Toronto"
4106:Cox, Dan (April 14, 1998).
2554:for their annual award for
2379:As the nominations for the
2254:Ashley Fetters stated that
1691:Don't Let It Bring You Down
1268:plays Colonel Frank Fitts,
1087:
829:Don't Let It Bring You Down
820:counterculture of the 1960s
568:Imprisonment and redemption
543:Literary critic and author
206:September 8, 1999
10:
15732:
14910:The Trial of the Chicago 7
13568:Killers of the Flower Moon
12972:The Shoes of the Fisherman
12962:Far from the Madding Crowd
11789:Born on the Fourth of July
11719:E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial
11408:The Greatest Show on Earth
10526:Killers of the Flower Moon
8609:The Greatest Show on Earth
8458:You Can't Take It with You
7826:Greenwood Publishing Group
7702:Society for American Music
7442:Bellantoni, Patti (2005).
7419:. Grand Rapids, Michigan:
6388:The Orange County Register
5464:"Spotlight: Thomas Newman"
3285:November 10, 2016, at the
2886:Directors Guild of America
2878:Producers Guild of America
2749:used still photographs in
2321:
2234:lost jobs and foreclosures
1990:
1772:Grauman's Egyptian Theatre
1722:
1572:
1497:, which he reflected from
1397:
1392:computer-generated imagery
1284:
1101:
1037:
1031:Directors Guild of America
385:(1998) the previous year.
216:Grauman's Egyptian Theatre
15651:Films shot in Los Angeles
15581:DreamWorks Pictures films
15546:American teen drama films
15516:1999 romantic drama films
15178:
14991:
14653:
14592:The Banshees of Inisherin
14325:
13991:
13889:
13619:
13388:Good Night, and Good Luck
13338:
13059:
12792:
12721:None But the Lonely Heart
12671:Confessions of a Nazi Spy
12591:
12191:
11910:
11649:
11578:Anne of the Thousand Days
11302:
10914:
10576:
10518:The Banshees of Inisherin
10240:
9627:
9392:
9386:BAFTA Award for Best Film
9111:
8850:
8589:
8348:
8308:
8257:
8236:
8135:
8126:
8067:
8032:
7989:
7824:. Westport, Connecticut:
7797:10.1080/14680770600802017
6564:"American Beauty Reviews"
6440:January 26, 2011, at the
5663:University of Texas Press
4861:– via The Guardian.
1586:'s score was recorded in
782:instrumental version of "
270:
262:
254:
246:
236:
197:
187:
173:
163:
142:
132:
81:
60:
50:
40:
35:Theatrical release poster
28:
23:
15541:American satirical films
15496:1990s teen romance films
14013:The Silence of the Lambs
13767:The Grand Budapest Hotel
13231:The Silence of the Lambs
12237:The Purple Rose of Cairo
11558:In the Heat of the Night
10270:The Silence of the Lambs
9809:The Purple Rose of Cairo
9010:The Silence of the Lambs
8759:In the Heat of the Night
8060:(director, writer, 2020)
8052:(director, writer, 2007)
7876:American Cinematographer
7850:American Cinematographer
7743:My First Movie: Take Two
7166:"American Beauty (1999)"
6532:"American Beauty (1999)"
5869:"American Beauty (1999)"
2957:"American Beauty (1999)"
2870:Writers Guild of America
2577:
2572:Writers Guild of America
2494:Best Original Screenplay
2307:DreamWorks animated film
1854:57th Golden Globe Awards
1829:opened to the public in
1588:Santa Monica, California
1568:
1513:format, primarily using
1477:during preproduction on
1219:Buffy The Vampire Slayer
933:Fox Searchlight Pictures
848:Alan Ball began writing
693:Sexuality and repression
532:Multiple interpretations
402:Best Original Screenplay
15511:1999 LGBT-related films
15501:1999 black comedy films
15283:Silver Linings Playbook
13069:All the President's Men
12872:The Old Man and the Sea
12277:Crimes and Misdemeanors
8488:How Green Was My Valley
8281:Neal Street Productions
7549:McFarland & Company
7486:West Chester University
5269:San Francisco Chronicle
2566:Retrospective accolades
2299:, the teen movie spoof
1966:On September 21, 2010,
1919:on May 9, 2000, and on
1825:On September 15, 1999,
1804:Northwestern University
1272:plays Jim Olmeyer, and
1204:Don't Rain on My Parade
975:Creative Artists Agency
973:. Beth Swofford of the
945:Lakeshore Entertainment
697:Pennington argues that
445:
411:
15491:1990s teen drama films
14780:No Country for Old Men
14442:No Country for Old Men
14141:No Country for Old Men
13711:No Country for Old Men
13408:No Country for Old Men
12641:Mr. Deeds Goes to Town
12413:No Country for Old Men
11312:The Song of Bernadette
11091:No Country for Old Men
10703:No Country for Old Men
10398:No Country for Old Men
9181:No Country for Old Men
8448:The Life of Emile Zola
8129:Awards and nominations
7781:Feminist Media Studies
7675:British Film Institute
7407:Anker, Roy M. (2004).
6758:(September 15, 1999).
6676:(September 23, 1999).
6640:(September 15, 1999).
6518:The Hollywood Reporter
6369:Mendes & Ball 2000
6152:"Trio terrific o'seas"
6068:"Bows buoy biz o'seas"
5520:Mendes & Ball 2000
5369:The Hollywood Reporter
5355:Mendes & Ball 2000
5343:Mendes & Ball 2000
5307:Mendes & Ball 2000
5235:Mendes & Ball 2000
5223:Mendes & Ball 2000
5088:Mendes & Ball 2000
5019:Mendes & Ball 2000
5007:Mendes & Ball 2000
4994:The Hollywood Reporter
4979:The Hollywood Reporter
4889:The Hollywood Reporter
4802:. September 30, 2002.
4748:Mendes & Ball 2000
4715:Mendes & Ball 2000
4612:. September 17, 2009.
4056:The Hollywood Reporter
3839:Mendes & Ball 2000
3827:Mendes & Ball 2000
3771:Mendes & Ball 2000
3589:Mendes & Ball 2000
3574:Mendes & Ball 2000
3267:Mendes & Ball 2000
3255:Mendes & Ball 2000
3209:Mendes & Ball 2000
3188:Mendes & Ball 2000
3156:Mendes & Ball 2000
3076:Mendes & Ball 2000
2727:Divorce American Style
2302:Not Another Teen Movie
2238:wars that can't be won
2031:weighted average score
1822:
1732:DreamWorks contracted
1515:Kodak Vision 500T 5279
1416:Me, Myself & Irene
1341:
1338:Sacramento, California
1325:likened the locale to
1307:Sacramento, California
1121:
1046:
787:
612:American films of 1999
581:
15686:Homophobia in fiction
15556:BAFTA winners (films)
15486:1990s satirical films
14572:Promising Young Woman
14432:Letters from Iwo Jima
13695:A History of Violence
13498:Manchester by the Sea
13398:Letters from Iwo Jima
13277:Sense and Sensibility
12952:A Man for All Seasons
12621:It Happened One Night
11849:Sense and Sensibility
11598:The French Connection
11548:A Man for All Seasons
11352:Gentleman's Agreement
10583:Sense and Sensibility
9909:Sense and Sensibility
9616:A Man for All Seasons
8829:The Godfather Part II
8799:The French Connection
8749:A Man for All Seasons
8619:From Here to Eternity
8548:Gentleman's Agreement
8418:It Happened One Night
7576:Duke University Press
7545:Considering Alan Ball
7526:(9). Manchester, UK:
7239:The Cider House Rules
7171:May 24, 2013, at the
6395:on December 20, 2008.
6094:"'Toy 2's' the story"
6042:"Winter chill o'seas"
5632:. The Onion AV Club.
4351:"Worth a Closer Look"
2700:The Wings of the Dove
2671:At that point called
2548:2000 MTV Movie Awards
2470:The Cider House Rules
2448:The Cider House Rules
1812:
1573:Further information:
1518:35 mm film stock
1407:Christopher Greenbury
1373:Mendes avoided using
1335:
1214:Sarah Michelle Gellar
1202:version of the song "
1109:
1042:
773:
754:Temporality and music
714:In the Company of Men
623:Bringing Out the Dead
606:Conformity and beauty
575:
337:American middle class
155:Christopher Greenbury
15711:Midlife crisis films
15471:1990s American films
14800:Inglourious Basterds
14770:Little Miss Sunshine
14582:The Power of the Dog
14462:Inglourious Basterds
14133:Little Miss Sunshine
13823:The Power of the Dog
12541:The Zone of Interest
12525:The Power of the Dog
12357:Being John Malkovich
12120:The Power of the Dog
11498:The Guns of Navarone
11231:The Power of the Dog
10843:The Power of the Dog
10510:The Power of the Dog
10169:The Power of the Dog
9669:Sunday Bloody Sunday
8599:An American in Paris
8428:Mutiny on the Bounty
7828:. pp. 103–107.
7249:Entertainment Weekly
7101:. December 8, 2005.
7068:Entertainment Weekly
6271:on February 24, 2008
6123:"Surf's high o'seas"
5616:Entertainment Weekly
4764:Entertainment Weekly
4731:Entertainment Weekly
4678:"Bening in 'Beauty'"
4488:Entertainment Weekly
4259:"Staging a transfer"
2686:Amblin Entertainment
2550:initially nominated
2250:Entertainment Weekly
2148:September 11 attacks
1986:Reception and legacy
1864:London Film Festival
1760:San Jose, California
1743:Entertainment Weekly
1315:Torrance, California
1229:. By November 1998,
871:United Talent Agency
686:American Beauty rose
357:Being John Malkovich
229: (United States)
15275:Where Do We Go Now?
15251:Slumdog Millionaire
15048:Places in the Heart
14790:Slumdog Millionaire
14690:Shakespeare in Love
14452:Slumdog Millionaire
14402:Dirty Pretty Things
14149:Slumdog Millionaire
14069:Saving Private Ryan
14053:The English Patient
13895:Saving Private Ryan
13633:Saving Private Ryan
13478:A Most Violent Year
13418:Slumdog Millionaire
13201:Mississippi Burning
13151:Terms of Endearment
12711:The Ox-Bow Incident
12681:The Grapes of Wrath
12341:Saving Private Ryan
12285:Thelma & Louise
11990:Slumdog Millionaire
11879:Saving Private Ryan
11859:The English Patient
11729:Terms of Endearment
11101:Slumdog Millionaire
11061:Million Dollar Baby
11001:Saving Private Ryan
10713:Slumdog Millionaire
10613:Saving Private Ryan
10326:Saving Private Ryan
10246:Mississippi Burning
10039:Slumdog Millionaire
9939:Shakespeare in Love
9919:The English Patient
9546:Ballad of a Soldier
9191:Slumdog Millionaire
9151:Million Dollar Baby
9080:Shakespeare in Love
9060:The English Patient
8930:Terms of Endearment
8368:The Broadway Melody
7222:The Journal Gazette
6966:The Huffington Post
6937:on October 11, 2022
6827:The Tuscaloosa News
6760:"The Rose's Thorns"
6178:"Frosh rush o'seas"
5539:. February 23, 2001
5104:. November 6, 1998.
3892:on January 13, 2010
3681:and the Box Office"
3537:. February 23, 2000
2874:Screen Actors Guild
2812:Christina Hendricks
2660:Cancer for the Cure
2591:Death of the Author
2525:Best Cinematography
2498:Best Cinematography
2404:Shakespeare in Love
2398:Saving Private Ryan
2395:the previous year,
2381:72nd Academy Awards
2189:The Huffington Post
2029:, which assigned a
1884:72nd Academy Awards
1788:New York University
1529:Panavision Platinum
1507:2.39:1 aspect ratio
1405:was edited through
1163:Glengarry Glen Ross
941:Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
684:individuality. The
527:Themes and analysis
497:as Col. Frank Fitts
406:Best Cinematography
390:72nd Academy Awards
382:Saving Private Ryan
352:DreamWorks Pictures
285:is a 1999 American
192:DreamWorks Pictures
182:Jinks/Cohen Company
15606:Films about gender
15299:The Imitation Game
15152:The Hanging Garden
15096:Cyrano de Bergerac
15072:The Princess Bride
15056:The Official Story
14532:Hell or High Water
14522:Mad Max: Fury Road
14227:The Shape of Water
14125:Brokeback Mountain
14005:Dances with Wolves
13997:Driving Miss Daisy
13775:Mad Max: Fury Road
13735:The Social Network
13488:Mad Max: Fury Road
13438:The Social Network
13221:Dances with Wolves
13211:Driving Miss Daisy
13181:A Room with a View
13161:A Passage to India
12802:A Place in the Sun
12477:Mad Max: Fury Road
12437:The Social Network
12397:Brokeback Mountain
12245:A Room with a View
12221:The King of Comedy
12010:The Social Network
11960:Brokeback Mountain
11799:Dances with Wolves
11568:The Lion in Winter
11508:Lawrence of Arabia
11398:A Place in the Sun
11378:All the King's Men
11191:The Shape of Water
11121:The Social Network
11071:Brokeback Mountain
10921:Dances with Wolves
10803:The Shape of Water
10733:The Social Network
10683:Brokeback Mountain
10462:Mad Max: Fury Road
10422:The Social Network
10254:Do the Right Thing
10009:Brokeback Mountain
9849:Dead Poets Society
9819:A Room with a View
9799:The Killing Fields
9630:1968–present
9566:Lawrence of Arabia
9281:The Shape of Water
9000:Dances with Wolves
8990:Driving Miss Daisy
8739:The Sound of Music
8709:Lawrence of Arabia
8568:All the King's Men
8468:Gone with the Wind
8438:The Great Ziegfeld
8228:(2022, also wrote)
8218:(2019, also wrote)
8175:Revolutionary Road
7478:College Literature
7383:on August 13, 2006
7348:. April 21, 2000.
7275:The New York Times
7140:The New York Times
7042:on January 9, 2021
6854:, pp. 271–272
6647:The New York Times
6352:The New York Times
6265:The New York Times
5537:The New York Times
5498:Film Score Monthly
5433:Probst et al. 2000
5211:Probst et al. 2000
4904:"Movie Answer Man"
4834:. April 14, 2000.
4785:, pp. 257–258
4640:, pp. 253–254
4215:, pp. 250–251
4085:The New York Times
3561:, pp. 105–106
3480:, pp. 358–359
3413:, pp. 349–350
3389:, pp. 347–348
3292:The New York Times
3173:, pp. 118–119
3146:, pp. 264–265
3093:, pp. 348–349
3051:, pp. 126–128
2764:The King of Comedy
2441:In February 2000,
2305:, and in the 2005
2276:In popular culture
2214:Stephanie Zacharek
2053:The New York Times
1823:
1659:the Folk Implosion
1481:, and had already
1342:
1327:Evanston, Illinois
1319:upper middle-class
1177:'s performance in
1151:The Usual Suspects
1122:
1056:World Trade Center
788:
723: (2000), and
582:
461:as Carolyn Burnham
15681:Gay-related films
15395:
15394:
15389:
15388:
15379:The Life of Chuck
15267:The King's Speech
15160:Life Is Beautiful
15112:Strictly Ballroom
14951:
14950:
14810:The King's Speech
14613:
14612:
14352:Gods and Monsters
14342:L.A. Confidential
14285:
14284:
14165:The King's Speech
13951:
13950:
13849:
13848:
13625:L.A. Confidential
13579:
13578:
13558:Top Gun: Maverick
13378:Finding Neverland
13307:Gods and Monsters
13297:L.A. Confidential
13191:Empire of the Sun
13079:The Turning Point
12832:On the Waterfront
12701:In Which We Serve
12551:
12550:
12333:L.A. Confidential
12151:
12150:
12090:Bohemian Rhapsody
11689:Kramer vs. Kramer
11669:The Turning Point
11428:On the Waterfront
11262:
11261:
10991:L.A. Confidential
10971:Leaving Las Vegas
10874:
10873:
10603:L.A. Confidential
10536:
10535:
10318:L.A. Confidential
10200:
10199:
10059:The King's Speech
9476:The Wages of Fear
9456:The Sound Barrier
9352:
9351:
9211:The King's Speech
8890:Kramer vs. Kramer
8629:On the Waterfront
8290:
8289:
8155:Road to Perdition
8086:
8085:
7990:TV series created
7845:"American Beauty"
7835:978-0-275-99226-2
7787:(3). London, UK:
7760:978-0-375-42347-5
7673:(1). London, UK:
7666:Sight & Sound
7558:978-0-7864-2592-1
7465:978-0-240-80688-4
7299:. April 2, 2004.
7218:Los Angeles Times
7191:Los Angeles Times
6765:Los Angeles Times
6683:Chicago Sun-Times
6606:"American Beauty"
5954:on August 7, 2011
5658:Velvet Light Trap
5493:"American Beauty"
5179:Los Angeles Times
5054:on August 3, 2012
5047:Sight & Sound
5042:"American Beauty"
4949:on March 4, 2016.
4908:Chicago Sun-Times
4059:. April 14, 1998.
2922:"American Beauty"
2773: (1979) and
2090:Los Angeles Times
2069:Sight & Sound
2063:Chicago Sun-Times
2016:Review aggregator
1929:Blockbuster Video
1669:, as well as two
1311:South High School
918:, who took it to
771:
519:Barry Del Sherman
455:as Lester Burnham
293:comedy-drama film
278:
277:
15723:
15448:
15447:
15436:
15435:
15434:
15424:
15423:
15422:
15412:
15411:
15403:
15371:American Fiction
15291:12 Years a Slave
15243:Eastern Promises
15024:Chariots of Fire
14978:
14971:
14964:
14955:
14954:
14944:
14934:
14924:
14914:
14904:
14894:
14884:
14874:
14864:
14854:
14844:
14834:
14824:
14814:
14804:
14794:
14784:
14774:
14764:
14754:
14744:
14734:
14724:
14714:
14704:
14694:
14684:
14674:
14664:
14640:
14633:
14626:
14617:
14616:
14606:
14596:
14586:
14576:
14566:
14556:
14546:
14536:
14526:
14516:
14506:
14496:
14486:
14476:
14466:
14456:
14446:
14436:
14426:
14416:
14406:
14396:
14386:
14376:
14366:
14356:
14346:
14336:
14312:
14305:
14298:
14289:
14288:
14189:12 Years a Slave
14029:Schindler's List
13978:
13971:
13964:
13955:
13954:
13876:
13869:
13862:
13853:
13852:
13759:12 Years a Slave
13743:The Tree of Life
13663:Mulholland Drive
13606:
13599:
13592:
13583:
13582:
13572:
13562:
13552:
13542:
13532:
13522:
13512:
13502:
13492:
13482:
13472:
13462:
13458:Zero Dark Thirty
13452:
13442:
13432:
13422:
13412:
13402:
13392:
13382:
13372:
13362:
13352:
13331:
13321:
13311:
13301:
13291:
13281:
13271:
13255:
13251:Schindler's List
13245:
13235:
13225:
13215:
13205:
13195:
13185:
13175:
13171:The Color Purple
13165:
13155:
13139:
13129:
13119:Chariots of Fire
13113:
13103:
13093:
13083:
13073:
13052:
13036:
13032:The Conversation
13026:
13016:
13006:
12996:
12986:
12976:
12966:
12956:
12946:
12936:
12926:
12916:
12906:
12896:
12886:
12876:
12866:
12856:
12846:
12836:
12826:
12816:
12806:
12785:
12781:Sunset Boulevard
12775:
12765:
12755:
12751:Monsieur Verdoux
12745:
12735:
12725:
12715:
12705:
12695:
12685:
12675:
12665:
12655:
12645:
12635:
12625:
12615:
12605:
12578:
12571:
12564:
12555:
12554:
12461:12 Years a Slave
12309:Schindler's List
12205:Chariots of Fire
12178:
12171:
12164:
12155:
12154:
12144:
12134:
12124:
12114:
12104:
12094:
12084:
12074:
12064:
12054:
12044:
12040:12 Years a Slave
12034:
12024:
12014:
12004:
11994:
11984:
11974:
11964:
11954:
11944:
11934:
11924:
11920:A Beautiful Mind
11903:
11893:
11883:
11873:
11863:
11853:
11843:
11833:
11829:Schindler's List
11823:
11819:Scent of a Woman
11813:
11803:
11793:
11783:
11773:
11769:The Last Emperor
11763:
11753:
11743:
11733:
11723:
11713:
11703:
11693:
11683:
11679:Midnight Express
11673:
11663:
11642:
11632:
11622:
11612:
11602:
11592:
11582:
11572:
11562:
11552:
11542:
11532:
11522:
11512:
11502:
11492:
11482:
11472:
11468:The Defiant Ones
11462:
11452:
11442:
11432:
11422:
11412:
11402:
11392:
11388:Sunset Boulevard
11382:
11372:
11356:
11346:
11336:
11332:The Lost Weekend
11326:
11316:
11289:
11282:
11275:
11266:
11265:
11255:
11245:
11235:
11225:
11215:
11205:
11195:
11185:
11175:
11165:
11155:
11151:12 Years a Slave
11145:
11135:
11125:
11115:
11105:
11095:
11085:
11075:
11065:
11055:
11045:
11035:
11031:A Beautiful Mind
11025:
11015:
11005:
10995:
10985:
10975:
10965:
10955:
10951:Schindler's List
10945:
10935:
10925:
10901:
10894:
10887:
10878:
10877:
10867:
10857:
10847:
10837:
10827:
10817:
10807:
10797:
10787:
10777:
10767:
10763:12 Years a Slave
10757:
10747:
10737:
10727:
10717:
10707:
10697:
10687:
10677:
10667:
10657:
10647:
10643:A Beautiful Mind
10637:
10627:
10617:
10607:
10597:
10587:
10563:
10556:
10549:
10540:
10539:
10446:12 Years a Slave
10438:Zero Dark Thirty
10430:The Tree of Life
10350:Mulholland Drive
10286:Schindler's List
10227:
10220:
10213:
10204:
10203:
10193:
10183:
10173:
10163:
10153:
10143:
10133:
10123:
10113:
10103:
10093:
10089:12 Years a Slave
10083:
10073:
10063:
10053:
10043:
10033:
10023:
10013:
10003:
9993:
9983:
9973:
9963:
9953:
9943:
9933:
9923:
9913:
9903:
9893:
9889:Schindler's List
9883:
9873:
9863:
9853:
9843:
9839:The Last Emperor
9833:
9829:Jean de Florette
9823:
9813:
9803:
9793:
9783:
9773:
9769:Chariots of Fire
9763:
9759:The Elephant Man
9753:
9743:
9733:
9723:
9713:
9703:
9693:
9683:
9673:
9663:
9653:
9643:
9620:
9610:
9600:
9590:
9580:
9570:
9560:
9550:
9540:
9530:
9520:
9510:
9500:
9490:
9480:
9470:
9460:
9450:
9440:
9430:
9420:
9410:
9379:
9372:
9365:
9356:
9355:
9345:
9335:
9325:
9315:
9305:
9295:
9285:
9275:
9265:
9255:
9245:
9241:12 Years a Slave
9235:
9225:
9215:
9205:
9195:
9185:
9175:
9165:
9155:
9145:
9135:
9125:
9121:A Beautiful Mind
9104:
9094:
9084:
9074:
9064:
9054:
9044:
9034:
9030:Schindler's List
9024:
9014:
9004:
8994:
8984:
8974:
8970:The Last Emperor
8964:
8954:
8944:
8934:
8924:
8914:
8910:Chariots of Fire
8904:
8894:
8884:
8874:
8864:
8843:
8833:
8823:
8813:
8803:
8793:
8783:
8773:
8763:
8753:
8743:
8733:
8723:
8713:
8703:
8693:
8683:
8673:
8663:
8653:
8643:
8633:
8623:
8613:
8603:
8582:
8572:
8562:
8552:
8542:
8532:
8528:The Lost Weekend
8522:
8512:
8502:
8492:
8482:
8472:
8462:
8452:
8442:
8432:
8422:
8412:
8402:
8392:
8382:
8372:
8362:
8335:
8328:
8321:
8312:
8311:
8294:
8293:
8283:
8276:
8274:Donmar Warehouse
8269:
8250:
8229:
8219:
8209:
8199:
8189:
8179:
8169:
8159:
8149:
8113:
8106:
8099:
8090:
8089:
7976:
7969:
7962:
7953:
7952:
7948:
7891:
7870:
7839:
7816:
7775:
7764:
7729:
7686:
7659:
7638:
7603:
7562:
7539:
7518:
7497:
7469:
7449:
7438:
7393:
7392:
7390:
7388:
7379:. Archived from
7368:
7362:
7361:
7359:
7357:
7336:
7330:
7324:
7319:
7313:
7312:
7310:
7308:
7293:"Best Directors"
7289:
7283:
7282:
7266:
7260:
7259:
7257:
7255:
7232:
7226:
7225:
7213:
7207:
7206:
7204:
7202:
7182:
7176:
7163:
7152:
7151:
7149:
7147:
7130:
7115:
7114:
7112:
7110:
7091:
7085:
7084:
7082:
7080:
7058:
7052:
7051:
7049:
7047:
7038:. Archived from
7025:
7016:
7015:
7013:
7011:
6994:
6983:
6982:
6980:
6978:
6956:
6947:
6946:
6944:
6942:
6921:
6915:
6914:
6912:
6910:
6889:
6883:
6882:
6880:
6878:
6861:
6855:
6849:
6840:
6839:
6837:
6835:
6817:
6811:
6810:
6808:
6806:
6786:
6777:
6776:
6774:
6772:
6752:
6741:
6740:, pp. 49–50
6735:
6729:
6723:
6717:
6711:
6700:
6699:
6697:
6695:
6670:
6664:
6663:
6661:
6659:
6634:
6623:
6622:
6620:
6618:
6601:
6586:
6585:
6583:
6581:
6560:
6554:
6553:
6551:
6549:
6528:
6522:
6521:
6513:
6507:
6506:
6504:
6502:
6487:
6481:
6480:
6472:
6466:
6460:
6449:
6432:
6426:
6425:
6423:
6421:
6403:
6397:
6396:
6391:. Archived from
6378:
6372:
6371:, chapters 19–20
6366:
6360:
6359:
6343:
6334:
6333:
6331:
6329:
6319:"Blocked beauty"
6314:
6299:
6298:
6290:
6281:
6280:
6278:
6276:
6267:. Archived from
6257:
6248:
6247:
6245:
6243:
6225:
6219:
6218:
6216:
6214:
6199:
6193:
6192:
6190:
6188:
6173:
6167:
6166:
6164:
6162:
6147:
6138:
6137:
6135:
6133:
6118:
6109:
6108:
6106:
6104:
6089:
6083:
6082:
6080:
6078:
6063:
6057:
6056:
6054:
6052:
6037:
6031:
6030:
6028:
6026:
6011:
6005:
6004:
5996:
5990:
5989:
5987:
5985:
5970:
5964:
5963:
5961:
5959:
5938:
5932:
5926:
5920:
5912:
5910:
5908:
5897:
5891:
5890:
5888:
5886:
5865:
5854:
5853:
5851:
5849:
5835:
5829:
5828:
5826:
5824:
5809:
5803:
5802:
5800:
5798:
5779:
5766:
5765:
5763:
5761:
5746:
5737:
5736:
5734:
5732:
5717:
5711:
5710:
5702:
5693:
5692:
5690:
5688:
5673:
5667:
5666:
5652:
5646:
5645:
5643:
5641:
5625:
5619:
5612:
5603:
5602:
5600:
5598:
5583:
5577:
5576:
5574:
5572:
5555:
5549:
5548:
5546:
5544:
5529:
5523:
5517:
5511:
5510:
5508:
5506:
5488:
5479:
5478:
5476:
5474:
5459:
5448:
5442:
5436:
5430:
5417:
5411:
5400:
5394:
5385:
5379:
5373:
5372:
5364:
5358:
5352:
5346:
5340:
5334:
5333:, pp. 25–26
5328:
5322:
5316:
5310:
5304:
5295:
5289:
5278:
5277:
5259:
5250:
5244:
5238:
5232:
5226:
5220:
5214:
5208:
5191:
5190:
5188:
5186:
5169:
5163:
5162:
5160:
5158:
5141:
5132:
5131:
5129:
5127:
5112:
5106:
5105:
5097:
5091:
5085:
5076:
5070:
5064:
5063:
5061:
5059:
5037:
5022:
5016:
5010:
5004:
4998:
4997:
4989:
4983:
4982:
4974:
4968:
4967:
4957:
4951:
4950:
4933:
4927:
4926:
4921:
4919:
4899:
4893:
4892:
4884:
4875:
4869:
4863:
4862:
4854:
4848:
4847:
4845:
4843:
4822:
4816:
4815:
4813:
4811:
4792:
4786:
4780:
4767:
4760:
4751:
4745:
4734:
4727:
4718:
4712:
4693:
4692:
4690:
4688:
4673:
4667:
4666:
4664:
4662:
4647:
4641:
4635:
4626:
4625:
4623:
4621:
4600:
4594:
4593:
4591:
4589:
4567:
4561:
4555:
4544:
4538:
4527:
4526:
4524:
4522:
4503:
4497:
4496:
4483:"Pitching Fitts"
4478:
4469:
4463:
4454:
4453:, pp. 33–34
4448:
4439:
4433:
4424:
4423:, pp. 32–33
4418:
4412:
4406:
4397:
4391:
4382:
4376:
4367:
4366:
4364:
4362:
4357:. pp. 91–92
4346:
4337:
4336:, pp. 32–33
4331:
4325:
4324:, pp. 26–27
4319:
4310:
4304:
4298:
4292:
4286:
4280:
4274:
4273:
4271:
4269:
4254:
4248:
4242:
4233:
4227:
4216:
4210:
4204:
4198:
4192:
4186:
4180:
4174:
4159:
4153:
4142:
4136:
4123:
4122:
4120:
4118:
4103:
4097:
4096:
4094:
4092:
4076:
4061:
4060:
4050:
4044:
4038:
4032:
4031:, pp. 28–29
4026:
4017:
4011:
4005:
3999:
3988:
3982:
3967:
3966:
3958:
3949:
3948:
3930:
3919:
3913:
3902:
3901:
3899:
3897:
3888:. Archived from
3875:
3866:
3865:, pp. 84–85
3860:
3854:
3848:
3842:
3836:
3830:
3824:
3815:
3809:
3803:
3797:
3786:
3785:, pp. 25–26
3780:
3774:
3768:
3762:
3756:
3750:
3744:
3735:
3729:
3723:
3717:
3711:
3705:
3699:
3698:
3696:
3694:
3672:
3663:
3657:
3648:
3642:
3636:
3630:
3624:
3618:
3607:
3601:
3592:
3586:
3577:
3571:
3562:
3556:
3547:
3546:
3544:
3542:
3525:
3508:
3502:
3493:
3487:
3481:
3475:
3469:
3463:
3457:
3451:
3445:
3439:
3433:
3427:
3414:
3408:
3402:
3396:
3390:
3384:
3375:
3369:
3363:
3357:
3351:
3345:
3339:
3333:
3327:
3321:
3315:
3309:
3296:
3276:
3270:
3264:
3258:
3252:
3246:
3240:
3227:
3221:
3212:
3206:
3191:
3185:
3174:
3168:
3159:
3153:
3147:
3141:
3132:
3126:
3111:
3105:
3094:
3088:
3079:
3073:
3052:
3046:
3040:
3034:
3025:
3019:
3008:
3002:
2996:
2990:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2953:
2944:
2943:
2941:
2939:
2918:
2897:
2894:
2888:
2866:
2860:
2853:
2847:
2844:
2838:
2835:
2829:
2827:
2821:
2815:
2808:
2802:
2795:
2789:
2786:
2780:
2737:
2731:
2722:
2716:
2695:
2689:
2682:
2676:
2669:
2663:
2652:
2646:
2642:
2636:
2613:
2607:
2600:
2594:
2587:
2467:
2194:
1915:was released on
1881:
1851:
1752:
1693:", performed by
1681:", performed by
1616:electronic music
1385:
1351:Sunset Boulevard
1186:Sunset Boulevard
1093:
1050:
1049:—Alan Ball, 2000
1023:Laurie MacDonald
924:Steven Spielberg
893:Grace Under Fire
879:American Beauty.
869:. He joined the
860:Grace Under Fire
834:
772:
736:
678:
558:
491:as Barbara Fitts
428:Pontiac Firebird
370:
350:was released by
299:and directed by
228:
226:
213:
211:
33:
21:
20:
15731:
15730:
15726:
15725:
15724:
15722:
15721:
15720:
15456:
15455:
15454:
15450:Human sexuality
15442:
15432:
15430:
15420:
15418:
15406:
15398:
15396:
15391:
15390:
15385:
15174:
15168:American Beauty
15104:The Fisher King
14987:
14982:
14952:
14947:
14937:
14927:
14917:
14907:
14897:
14887:
14877:
14867:
14857:
14847:
14840:American Hustle
14837:
14827:
14817:
14807:
14797:
14787:
14777:
14767:
14757:
14747:
14737:
14727:
14717:
14707:
14700:American Beauty
14697:
14687:
14677:
14667:
14657:
14649:
14644:
14614:
14609:
14599:
14589:
14579:
14569:
14559:
14549:
14539:
14529:
14519:
14509:
14499:
14489:
14479:
14469:
14459:
14449:
14439:
14429:
14419:
14409:
14399:
14392:Far from Heaven
14389:
14379:
14369:
14362:American Beauty
14359:
14349:
14339:
14329:
14321:
14316:
14286:
14281:
14157:The Hurt Locker
14077:American Beauty
14021:The Crying Game
13987:
13982:
13952:
13947:
13903:American Beauty
13885:
13880:
13850:
13845:
13727:The Hurt Locker
13641:American Beauty
13615:
13610:
13580:
13575:
13565:
13555:
13545:
13535:
13525:
13515:
13505:
13495:
13485:
13475:
13465:
13455:
13445:
13435:
13425:
13415:
13405:
13395:
13385:
13375:
13365:
13355:
13345:
13334:
13324:
13317:American Beauty
13314:
13304:
13294:
13284:
13274:
13258:
13248:
13238:
13228:
13218:
13208:
13198:
13188:
13178:
13168:
13158:
13142:
13132:
13116:
13109:Ordinary People
13106:
13096:
13086:
13076:
13066:
13055:
13039:
13029:
13019:
13009:
12999:
12989:
12979:
12969:
12959:
12949:
12939:
12929:
12919:
12912:The Longest Day
12909:
12899:
12892:Sons and Lovers
12889:
12882:The Nun's Story
12879:
12869:
12859:
12849:
12839:
12829:
12819:
12809:
12799:
12788:
12778:
12771:Bicycle Thieves
12768:
12758:
12748:
12738:
12728:
12718:
12708:
12698:
12688:
12678:
12668:
12658:
12651:Night Must Fall
12648:
12638:
12628:
12618:
12608:
12598:
12587:
12582:
12552:
12547:
12349:American Beauty
12187:
12182:
12152:
12147:
12137:
12127:
12117:
12107:
12097:
12087:
12077:
12067:
12057:
12047:
12037:
12027:
12020:The Descendants
12017:
12007:
11997:
11987:
11977:
11967:
11957:
11947:
11937:
11927:
11917:
11906:
11896:
11889:American Beauty
11886:
11876:
11866:
11856:
11846:
11836:
11826:
11816:
11806:
11796:
11786:
11776:
11766:
11756:
11746:
11736:
11726:
11716:
11706:
11699:Ordinary People
11696:
11686:
11676:
11666:
11656:
11645:
11635:
11625:
11615:
11605:
11595:
11585:
11575:
11565:
11555:
11545:
11535:
11525:
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11505:
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11485:
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11455:
11445:
11435:
11425:
11415:
11405:
11395:
11385:
11375:
11359:
11349:
11339:
11329:
11319:
11309:
11298:
11293:
11263:
11258:
11248:
11238:
11228:
11218:
11208:
11198:
11188:
11178:
11168:
11158:
11148:
11138:
11131:The Descendants
11128:
11118:
11108:
11098:
11088:
11078:
11068:
11058:
11048:
11038:
11028:
11018:
11011:American Beauty
11008:
10998:
10988:
10978:
10968:
10958:
10948:
10938:
10928:
10918:
10910:
10905:
10875:
10870:
10860:
10850:
10840:
10830:
10820:
10810:
10800:
10790:
10780:
10770:
10760:
10750:
10740:
10730:
10723:The Hurt Locker
10720:
10710:
10700:
10690:
10680:
10670:
10660:
10650:
10640:
10630:
10623:American Beauty
10620:
10610:
10600:
10590:
10580:
10572:
10567:
10537:
10532:
10414:The Hurt Locker
10358:Far from Heaven
10334:American Beauty
10236:
10231:
10201:
10196:
10186:
10176:
10166:
10156:
10146:
10136:
10126:
10116:
10106:
10096:
10086:
10076:
10066:
10056:
10049:The Hurt Locker
10046:
10036:
10026:
10016:
10006:
9996:
9986:
9976:
9966:
9956:
9949:American Beauty
9946:
9936:
9926:
9916:
9906:
9896:
9886:
9876:
9869:The Commitments
9866:
9856:
9846:
9836:
9826:
9816:
9806:
9796:
9786:
9776:
9766:
9756:
9746:
9736:
9726:
9716:
9706:
9699:Lacombe, Lucien
9696:
9686:
9676:
9666:
9656:
9649:Midnight Cowboy
9646:
9636:
9629:
9623:
9613:
9603:
9593:
9583:
9573:
9563:
9553:
9543:
9533:
9523:
9516:Room at the Top
9513:
9503:
9493:
9483:
9473:
9466:Forbidden Games
9463:
9453:
9443:
9433:
9426:Bicycle Thieves
9423:
9413:
9403:
9397:1947–1967
9396:
9395:from Any Source
9394:
9388:
9383:
9353:
9348:
9338:
9328:
9318:
9308:
9298:
9288:
9278:
9268:
9258:
9248:
9238:
9228:
9218:
9208:
9201:The Hurt Locker
9198:
9188:
9178:
9168:
9158:
9148:
9138:
9128:
9118:
9107:
9097:
9090:American Beauty
9087:
9077:
9067:
9057:
9047:
9037:
9027:
9017:
9007:
8997:
8987:
8977:
8967:
8957:
8947:
8937:
8927:
8917:
8907:
8900:Ordinary People
8897:
8887:
8880:The Deer Hunter
8877:
8867:
8857:
8846:
8836:
8826:
8816:
8806:
8796:
8786:
8779:Midnight Cowboy
8776:
8766:
8756:
8746:
8736:
8726:
8716:
8706:
8699:West Side Story
8696:
8686:
8676:
8666:
8656:
8646:
8636:
8626:
8616:
8606:
8596:
8585:
8575:
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8505:
8495:
8485:
8475:
8465:
8455:
8445:
8435:
8425:
8415:
8405:
8395:
8385:
8375:
8365:
8355:
8344:
8339:
8304:
8301:American Beauty
8291:
8286:
8279:
8272:
8264:
8253:
8243:
8232:
8225:Empire of Light
8222:
8212:
8202:
8192:
8182:
8172:
8162:
8152:
8145:American Beauty
8142:
8131:
8122:
8117:
8087:
8082:
8063:
8041:American Beauty
8028:
7985:
7980:
7937:American Beauty
7931:Rotten Tomatoes
7926:American Beauty
7915:American Beauty
7904:American Beauty
7899:
7894:
7836:
7761:
7737:American Beauty
7735:"Sam Mendes on
7710:10.2307/3592968
7646:. Los Angeles:
7559:
7474:Booth, Wayne C.
7466:
7435:
7411:American Beauty
7397:
7396:
7386:
7384:
7369:
7365:
7355:
7353:
7338:
7337:
7333:
7322:
7320:
7316:
7306:
7304:
7291:
7290:
7286:
7267:
7263:
7253:
7251:
7243:American Beauty
7233:
7229:
7214:
7210:
7200:
7198:
7183:
7179:
7173:Wayback Machine
7164:
7155:
7145:
7143:
7131:
7118:
7108:
7106:
7093:
7092:
7088:
7078:
7076:
7059:
7055:
7045:
7043:
7026:
7019:
7009:
7007:
6995:
6986:
6976:
6974:
6957:
6950:
6940:
6938:
6923:
6922:
6918:
6908:
6906:
6891:
6890:
6886:
6876:
6874:
6863:
6862:
6858:
6852:Lowenstein 2008
6850:
6843:
6833:
6831:
6818:
6814:
6804:
6802:
6787:
6780:
6770:
6768:
6753:
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6724:
6720:
6712:
6703:
6693:
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6671:
6667:
6657:
6655:
6635:
6626:
6616:
6614:
6602:
6589:
6579:
6577:
6562:
6561:
6557:
6547:
6545:
6537:Rotten Tomatoes
6530:
6529:
6525:
6514:
6510:
6500:
6498:
6488:
6484:
6473:
6469:
6461:
6452:
6442:Wayback Machine
6433:
6429:
6419:
6417:
6404:
6400:
6379:
6375:
6367:
6363:
6354:. p. E28.
6344:
6337:
6327:
6325:
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6302:
6291:
6284:
6274:
6272:
6259:
6258:
6251:
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5940:
5939:
5935:
5914:
5913:
5906:
5904:
5899:
5898:
5894:
5884:
5882:
5874:Box Office Mojo
5867:
5866:
5857:
5847:
5845:
5836:
5832:
5822:
5820:
5810:
5806:
5796:
5794:
5793:on June 6, 2011
5787:Box Office Mojo
5781:
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5769:
5759:
5757:
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5718:
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5514:
5504:
5502:
5489:
5482:
5472:
5470:
5460:
5451:
5443:
5439:
5431:
5420:
5412:
5403:
5395:
5388:
5382:Lowenstein 2008
5380:
5376:
5371:. July 7, 2000.
5366:
5365:
5361:
5353:
5349:
5341:
5337:
5329:
5325:
5319:Lowenstein 2008
5317:
5313:
5305:
5298:
5290:
5281:
5260:
5253:
5247:Lowenstein 2008
5245:
5241:
5233:
5229:
5221:
5217:
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5184:
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4990:
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4958:
4954:
4935:
4934:
4930:
4917:
4915:
4900:
4896:
4885:
4878:
4872:Lowenstein 2008
4870:
4866:
4855:
4851:
4841:
4839:
4824:
4823:
4819:
4809:
4807:
4794:
4793:
4789:
4783:Lowenstein 2008
4781:
4770:
4761:
4754:
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4737:
4728:
4721:
4713:
4696:
4686:
4684:
4674:
4670:
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4648:
4644:
4638:Lowenstein 2008
4636:
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4602:
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4313:
4305:
4301:
4293:
4289:
4281:
4277:
4267:
4265:
4255:
4251:
4245:Lowenstein 2008
4243:
4236:
4230:Lowenstein 2008
4228:
4219:
4213:Lowenstein 2008
4211:
4207:
4201:Lowenstein 2008
4199:
4195:
4189:Lowenstein 2008
4187:
4183:
4175:
4162:
4154:
4145:
4139:Lowenstein 2008
4137:
4126:
4116:
4114:
4104:
4100:
4090:
4088:
4077:
4064:
4052:
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4012:
4008:
4000:
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3806:
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3714:
3706:
3702:
3692:
3690:
3673:
3666:
3658:
3651:
3643:
3639:
3631:
3627:
3619:
3610:
3604:Pennington 2007
3602:
3595:
3587:
3580:
3572:
3565:
3559:Pennington 2007
3557:
3550:
3540:
3538:
3527:
3526:
3511:
3505:Bellantoni 2005
3503:
3496:
3490:Bellantoni 2005
3488:
3484:
3476:
3472:
3464:
3460:
3452:
3448:
3440:
3436:
3428:
3417:
3409:
3405:
3397:
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3385:
3378:
3370:
3366:
3358:
3354:
3346:
3342:
3334:
3330:
3322:
3318:
3310:
3299:
3287:Wayback Machine
3277:
3273:
3265:
3261:
3253:
3249:
3241:
3230:
3224:Pennington 2007
3222:
3215:
3207:
3194:
3186:
3177:
3169:
3162:
3154:
3150:
3142:
3135:
3129:Pennington 2007
3127:
3114:
3106:
3097:
3089:
3082:
3074:
3055:
3047:
3043:
3035:
3028:
3020:
3011:
3003:
2999:
2991:
2982:
2972:
2970:
2962:Box Office Mojo
2955:
2954:
2947:
2937:
2935:
2920:
2919:
2915:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2891:
2867:
2863:
2857:American Beauty
2854:
2850:
2845:
2841:
2836:
2832:
2825:
2822:
2818:
2809:
2805:
2796:
2792:
2787:
2783:
2776:Rosemary's Baby
2747:Terrence Malick
2742:Ordinary People
2738:
2734:
2723:
2719:
2696:
2692:
2683:
2679:
2670:
2666:
2653:
2649:
2643:
2639:
2614:
2610:
2601:
2597:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2568:
2552:American Beauty
2544:
2529:Best Film Music
2509:American Beauty
2482:American Beauty
2465:
2463:American Beauty
2459:American Beauty
2443:American Beauty
2436:Anthony Hopkins
2428:American Beauty
2412:American Beauty
2385:American Beauty
2374:Best Screenplay
2362:American Beauty
2358:American Beauty
2354:American Beauty
2329:American Beauty
2326:
2320:
2282:animated sitcom
2278:
2270:American Beauty
2256:American Beauty
2229:American Beauty
2224:American Beauty
2206:American Beauty
2192:
2181:American Beauty
2165:American Beauty
2144:American Beauty
2140:
2125:American Beauty
2109:American Beauty
2100:American Beauty
2023:American Beauty
2019:Rotten Tomatoes
2010:American Beauty
1996:American Beauty
1993:
1988:
1972:American Beauty
1957:American Beauty
1953:American Beauty
1942:The Sixth Sense
1937:American Beauty
1913:American Beauty
1910:
1902:American Beauty
1897:American Beauty
1892:American Beauty
1879:
1877:American Beauty
1873:American Beauty
1869:American Beauty
1860:American Beauty
1849:
1847:American Beauty
1843:American Beauty
1831:limited release
1827:American Beauty
1815:American Beauty
1768:
1750:
1748:American Beauty
1730:
1725:
1581:
1571:
1503:American Beauty
1479:American Beauty
1455:Frederick Elmes
1447:
1403:American Beauty
1400:
1383:
1379:American Beauty
1291:American Beauty
1287:
1254:Peter Gallagher
1116:
1111:
1104:
1084:post-production
1080:American Beauty
1073:Greek mythology
1052:
1048:
1040:
1015:American Beauty
1003:American Beauty
989:American Beauty
979:American Beauty
961:Robert Zemeckis
908:American Beauty
901:American Beauty
883:American Beauty
850:American Beauty
846:
841:
832:
802:Jonathan Kramer
765:
759:American Beauty
756:
747:American Beauty
734:
731:American Beauty
720:American Psycho
699:American Beauty
695:
676:
665:house beautiful
660:American Beauty
643:American Beauty
634:American Beauty
608:
586:American Beauty
570:
562:American Beauty
556:
554:American Beauty
538:American Beauty
534:
529:
524:
515:as Christy Kane
483:Peter Gallagher
479:as Angela Hayes
467:as Jane Burnham
448:
414:
368:
366:American Beauty
348:American Beauty
341:sexual grooming
282:American Beauty
274:$ 356.3 million
239:
232:
224:
222:
209:
207:
200:
183:
178:
176:
159:
128:
109:Peter Gallagher
77:
36:
24:American Beauty
17:
12:
11:
5:
15729:
15719:
15718:
15713:
15708:
15703:
15698:
15693:
15688:
15683:
15678:
15673:
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15628:
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15583:
15578:
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15508:
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15452:
15440:
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15393:
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15387:
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15359:
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15335:
15327:
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15279:
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15255:
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15199:
15191:
15182:
15180:
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15173:
15172:
15164:
15156:
15148:
15140:
15136:Antonia's Line
15132:
15124:
15116:
15108:
15100:
15092:
15088:Roger & Me
15084:
15076:
15068:
15060:
15052:
15044:
15036:
15028:
15020:
15012:
15004:
14995:
14993:
14989:
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14958:
14949:
14948:
14946:
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14935:
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14915:
14905:
14895:
14885:
14875:
14870:Hidden Figures
14865:
14855:
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14835:
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14815:
14805:
14795:
14785:
14775:
14765:
14755:
14745:
14735:
14725:
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14705:
14695:
14685:
14680:The Full Monty
14675:
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14643:
14642:
14635:
14628:
14620:
14611:
14610:
14608:
14607:
14597:
14587:
14577:
14567:
14557:
14552:Leave No Trace
14547:
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14517:
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13958:
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13948:
13946:
13945:
13937:
13929:
13921:
13917:State and Main
13907:
13899:
13890:
13887:
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13878:
13871:
13864:
13856:
13847:
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13844:
13843:
13835:
13827:
13819:
13811:
13803:
13795:
13787:
13779:
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13577:
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13548:Licorice Pizza
13543:
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13089:Days of Heaven
13084:
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12731:The True Glory
12726:
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12345:
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12261:House of Games
12257:
12253:Hope and Glory
12249:
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12201:
12197:Apocalypse Now
12192:
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11709:On Golden Pond
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11538:Doctor Zhivago
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11362:Johnny Belinda
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9974:
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9954:
9944:
9934:
9929:The Full Monty
9924:
9914:
9904:
9894:
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9874:
9864:
9854:
9844:
9834:
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9814:
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9789:Educating Rita
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8061:
8053:
8045:
8044:(writer, 1999)
8036:
8034:
8030:
8029:
8027:
8026:
8018:
8010:
8006:Six Feet Under
8002:
7993:
7991:
7987:
7986:
7979:
7978:
7971:
7964:
7956:
7950:
7949:
7933:
7922:
7911:
7898:
7897:External links
7895:
7893:
7892:
7871:
7840:
7834:
7817:
7776:
7765:
7759:
7730:
7693:American Music
7687:
7660:
7639:
7610:Film Quarterly
7604:
7568:Camera Obscura
7563:
7557:
7540:
7519:
7498:
7470:
7464:
7450:. Oxford, UK:
7439:
7433:
7403:
7395:
7394:
7363:
7331:
7314:
7284:
7277:. p. E1.
7261:
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6984:
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6884:
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6841:
6812:
6778:
6756:Turan, Kenneth
6742:
6730:
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6665:
6624:
6587:
6555:
6523:
6508:
6482:
6467:
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6427:
6398:
6373:
6361:
6335:
6300:
6295:Video Business
6282:
6249:
6220:
6194:
6168:
6139:
6110:
6084:
6058:
6032:
6006:
5991:
5965:
5933:
5892:
5877:. Amazon.com.
5855:
5830:
5804:
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5386:
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5311:
5296:
5279:
5272:. p. 55.
5251:
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5215:
5192:
5164:
5133:
5107:
5092:
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5065:
5023:
5011:
4999:
4984:
4969:
4966:. p. E20.
4952:
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4768:
4752:
4735:
4719:
4694:
4668:
4642:
4627:
4595:
4562:
4545:
4528:
4511:insidefilm.com
4498:
4470:
4455:
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4413:
4398:
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4326:
4311:
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4205:
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4143:
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4098:
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4018:
4006:
3989:
3968:
3950:
3943:. p. 32.
3920:
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3192:
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3133:
3112:
3095:
3080:
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3009:
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2980:
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2899:
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2889:
2861:
2848:
2839:
2830:
2816:
2803:
2790:
2781:
2767: (1983),
2732:
2717:
2690:
2677:
2664:
2656:elevator music
2647:
2637:
2617:Kaja Silverman
2608:
2595:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2567:
2564:
2543:
2540:
2322:Main article:
2319:
2316:
2277:
2274:
2173:MeToo movement
2139:
2136:
2078:Film Quarterly
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1909:
1906:
1852:s wins at the
1767:
1766:Theatrical run
1764:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1699:Chris Douridas
1671:cover versions
1570:
1567:
1548:Black ProMist
1464:Without Limits
1446:
1445:Cinematography
1443:
1399:
1396:
1347:Interstate 405
1286:
1283:
1258:Allison Janney
1171:Walter Matthau
1103:
1100:
1090:§ Editing
1041:
1039:
1036:
899:—into writing
845:
842:
840:
837:
805:Broadway" and
755:
752:
729: (1999),
726:Boys Don't Cry
717: (1997),
694:
691:
607:
604:
584:Mendes called
569:
566:
545:Wayne C. Booth
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
522:
521:as Brad Dupree
516:
510:
509:as Jim Berkley
504:
503:as Jim Olmeyer
498:
492:
489:Allison Janney
486:
480:
474:
473:as Ricky Fitts
468:
462:
459:Annette Bening
456:
449:
447:
444:
413:
410:
404:for Ball, and
333:Allison Janney
317:Annette Bening
309:midlife crisis
276:
275:
272:
268:
267:
264:
260:
259:
256:
252:
251:
248:
244:
243:
240:
237:
234:
233:
231:
230:
219:
203:
201:
198:
195:
194:
189:
188:Distributed by
185:
184:
181:
179:
174:
171:
170:
165:
161:
160:
158:
157:
152:
146:
144:
140:
139:
137:Conrad L. Hall
134:
133:Cinematography
130:
129:
127:
126:
121:
116:
111:
106:
104:Allison Janney
101:
96:
94:Annette Bening
91:
85:
83:
79:
78:
76:
75:
70:
64:
62:
58:
57:
52:
48:
47:
42:
38:
37:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
15728:
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15364:
15363:The Fabelmans
15360:
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15042:
15041:
15040:The Big Chill
15037:
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15021:
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14891:
14890:Black Panther
14886:
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14866:
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14618:
14604:
14603:
14598:
14594:
14593:
14588:
14584:
14583:
14578:
14574:
14573:
14568:
14564:
14563:
14558:
14554:
14553:
14548:
14544:
14543:
14538:
14534:
14533:
14528:
14524:
14523:
14518:
14514:
14513:
14508:
14504:
14503:
14498:
14494:
14493:
14488:
14484:
14483:
14478:
14474:
14473:
14472:Winter's Bone
14468:
14464:
14463:
14458:
14454:
14453:
14448:
14444:
14443:
14438:
14434:
14433:
14428:
14424:
14423:
14418:
14414:
14413:
14408:
14404:
14403:
14398:
14394:
14393:
14388:
14384:
14383:
14378:
14374:
14373:
14372:Almost Famous
14368:
14364:
14363:
14358:
14354:
14353:
14348:
14344:
14343:
14338:
14334:
14333:
14328:
14327:
14324:
14320:
14313:
14308:
14306:
14301:
14299:
14294:
14293:
14290:
14277:
14276:
14272:
14269:
14268:
14264:
14261:
14260:
14256:
14253:
14252:
14248:
14245:
14244:
14240:
14237:
14236:
14232:
14229:
14228:
14224:
14221:
14220:
14216:
14213:
14212:
14211:The Big Short
14208:
14205:
14204:
14200:
14197:
14196:
14191:
14190:
14186:
14183:
14182:
14178:
14175:
14174:
14170:
14167:
14166:
14162:
14159:
14158:
14154:
14151:
14150:
14146:
14143:
14142:
14138:
14135:
14134:
14130:
14127:
14126:
14122:
14119:
14118:
14114:
14111:
14110:
14106:
14103:
14102:
14098:
14095:
14094:
14093:Moulin Rouge!
14090:
14087:
14086:
14082:
14079:
14078:
14074:
14071:
14070:
14066:
14063:
14062:
14058:
14055:
14054:
14050:
14047:
14046:
14042:
14039:
14038:
14034:
14031:
14030:
14026:
14023:
14022:
14018:
14015:
14014:
14010:
14007:
14006:
14002:
13999:
13998:
13994:
13993:
13990:
13986:
13979:
13974:
13972:
13967:
13965:
13960:
13959:
13956:
13943:
13942:
13938:
13935:
13934:
13930:
13927:
13926:
13922:
13919:
13918:
13913:
13912:
13911:Almost Famous
13908:
13905:
13904:
13900:
13897:
13896:
13892:
13891:
13888:
13884:
13877:
13872:
13870:
13865:
13863:
13858:
13857:
13854:
13841:
13840:
13836:
13833:
13832:
13828:
13825:
13824:
13820:
13817:
13816:
13812:
13809:
13808:
13804:
13801:
13800:
13796:
13793:
13792:
13788:
13785:
13784:
13780:
13777:
13776:
13772:
13769:
13768:
13764:
13761:
13760:
13756:
13753:
13752:
13748:
13745:
13744:
13740:
13737:
13736:
13732:
13729:
13728:
13724:
13721:
13720:
13716:
13713:
13712:
13708:
13705:
13704:
13700:
13697:
13696:
13692:
13689:
13688:
13684:
13681:
13680:
13676:
13673:
13672:
13668:
13665:
13664:
13659:
13658:
13654:
13651:
13650:
13649:Almost Famous
13646:
13643:
13642:
13638:
13635:
13634:
13630:
13627:
13626:
13622:
13621:
13618:
13614:
13607:
13602:
13600:
13595:
13593:
13588:
13587:
13584:
13570:
13569:
13564:
13560:
13559:
13554:
13550:
13549:
13544:
13540:
13539:
13534:
13530:
13529:
13524:
13520:
13519:
13514:
13510:
13509:
13504:
13500:
13499:
13494:
13490:
13489:
13484:
13480:
13479:
13474:
13470:
13469:
13464:
13460:
13459:
13454:
13450:
13449:
13444:
13440:
13439:
13434:
13430:
13429:
13428:Up in the Air
13424:
13420:
13419:
13414:
13410:
13409:
13404:
13400:
13399:
13394:
13390:
13389:
13384:
13380:
13379:
13374:
13370:
13369:
13364:
13360:
13359:
13354:
13350:
13349:
13348:Moulin Rouge!
13344:
13343:
13341:
13337:
13329:
13328:
13323:
13319:
13318:
13313:
13309:
13308:
13303:
13299:
13298:
13293:
13289:
13288:
13283:
13279:
13278:
13273:
13269:
13268:
13263:
13262:
13257:
13253:
13252:
13247:
13243:
13242:
13237:
13233:
13232:
13227:
13223:
13222:
13217:
13213:
13212:
13207:
13203:
13202:
13197:
13193:
13192:
13187:
13183:
13182:
13177:
13173:
13172:
13167:
13163:
13162:
13157:
13153:
13152:
13147:
13146:
13141:
13137:
13136:
13131:
13127:
13126:
13121:
13120:
13115:
13111:
13110:
13105:
13101:
13100:
13095:
13091:
13090:
13085:
13081:
13080:
13075:
13071:
13070:
13065:
13064:
13062:
13058:
13050:
13049:
13044:
13043:
13038:
13034:
13033:
13028:
13024:
13023:
13018:
13014:
13013:
13008:
13004:
13003:
12998:
12994:
12993:
12988:
12984:
12983:
12978:
12974:
12973:
12968:
12964:
12963:
12958:
12954:
12953:
12948:
12944:
12943:
12938:
12934:
12933:
12928:
12924:
12923:
12918:
12914:
12913:
12908:
12904:
12903:
12898:
12894:
12893:
12888:
12884:
12883:
12878:
12874:
12873:
12868:
12864:
12863:
12858:
12854:
12853:
12848:
12844:
12843:
12838:
12834:
12833:
12828:
12824:
12823:
12822:Julius Caesar
12818:
12814:
12813:
12812:The Quiet Man
12808:
12804:
12803:
12798:
12797:
12795:
12791:
12783:
12782:
12777:
12773:
12772:
12767:
12763:
12762:
12757:
12753:
12752:
12747:
12743:
12742:
12737:
12733:
12732:
12727:
12723:
12722:
12717:
12713:
12712:
12707:
12703:
12702:
12697:
12693:
12692:
12687:
12683:
12682:
12677:
12673:
12672:
12667:
12663:
12662:
12657:
12653:
12652:
12647:
12643:
12642:
12637:
12633:
12632:
12627:
12623:
12622:
12617:
12613:
12612:
12607:
12603:
12602:
12597:
12596:
12594:
12590:
12586:
12579:
12574:
12572:
12567:
12565:
12560:
12559:
12556:
12543:
12542:
12538:
12535:
12534:
12530:
12527:
12526:
12522:
12519:
12518:
12514:
12511:
12510:
12506:
12503:
12502:
12498:
12495:
12494:
12490:
12487:
12486:
12482:
12479:
12478:
12474:
12471:
12470:
12466:
12463:
12462:
12458:
12455:
12454:
12450:
12447:
12446:
12442:
12439:
12438:
12434:
12431:
12430:
12426:
12423:
12422:
12418:
12415:
12414:
12410:
12407:
12406:
12402:
12399:
12398:
12394:
12391:
12390:
12386:
12383:
12382:
12378:
12375:
12374:
12373:About Schmidt
12370:
12367:
12366:
12365:Moulin Rouge!
12362:
12359:
12358:
12354:
12351:
12350:
12346:
12343:
12342:
12338:
12335:
12334:
12330:
12327:
12326:
12322:
12319:
12318:
12314:
12311:
12310:
12306:
12303:
12302:
12298:
12295:
12294:
12290:
12287:
12286:
12282:
12279:
12278:
12274:
12271:
12270:
12266:
12263:
12262:
12258:
12255:
12254:
12250:
12247:
12246:
12242:
12239:
12238:
12234:
12231:
12230:
12226:
12223:
12222:
12218:
12215:
12214:
12210:
12207:
12206:
12202:
12199:
12198:
12194:
12193:
12190:
12186:
12179:
12174:
12172:
12167:
12165:
12160:
12159:
12156:
12142:
12141:
12136:
12132:
12131:
12130:The Fabelmans
12126:
12122:
12121:
12116:
12112:
12111:
12106:
12102:
12101:
12096:
12092:
12091:
12086:
12082:
12081:
12076:
12072:
12071:
12066:
12062:
12061:
12056:
12052:
12051:
12046:
12042:
12041:
12036:
12032:
12031:
12026:
12022:
12021:
12016:
12012:
12011:
12006:
12002:
12001:
11996:
11992:
11991:
11986:
11982:
11981:
11976:
11972:
11971:
11966:
11962:
11961:
11956:
11952:
11951:
11946:
11942:
11941:
11936:
11932:
11931:
11926:
11922:
11921:
11916:
11915:
11913:
11909:
11901:
11900:
11895:
11891:
11890:
11885:
11881:
11880:
11875:
11871:
11870:
11865:
11861:
11860:
11855:
11851:
11850:
11845:
11841:
11840:
11835:
11831:
11830:
11825:
11821:
11820:
11815:
11811:
11810:
11805:
11801:
11800:
11795:
11791:
11790:
11785:
11781:
11780:
11775:
11771:
11770:
11765:
11761:
11760:
11755:
11751:
11750:
11749:Out of Africa
11745:
11741:
11740:
11735:
11731:
11730:
11725:
11721:
11720:
11715:
11711:
11710:
11705:
11701:
11700:
11695:
11691:
11690:
11685:
11681:
11680:
11675:
11671:
11670:
11665:
11661:
11660:
11655:
11654:
11652:
11648:
11640:
11639:
11634:
11630:
11629:
11624:
11620:
11619:
11614:
11610:
11609:
11608:The Godfather
11604:
11600:
11599:
11594:
11590:
11589:
11584:
11580:
11579:
11574:
11570:
11569:
11564:
11560:
11559:
11554:
11550:
11549:
11544:
11540:
11539:
11534:
11530:
11529:
11524:
11520:
11519:
11514:
11510:
11509:
11504:
11500:
11499:
11494:
11490:
11489:
11484:
11480:
11479:
11474:
11470:
11469:
11464:
11460:
11459:
11454:
11450:
11449:
11444:
11440:
11439:
11434:
11430:
11429:
11424:
11420:
11419:
11414:
11410:
11409:
11404:
11400:
11399:
11394:
11390:
11389:
11384:
11380:
11379:
11374:
11370:
11369:
11364:
11363:
11358:
11354:
11353:
11348:
11344:
11343:
11338:
11334:
11333:
11328:
11324:
11323:
11318:
11314:
11313:
11308:
11307:
11305:
11301:
11297:
11290:
11285:
11283:
11278:
11276:
11271:
11270:
11267:
11253:
11252:
11251:The Holdovers
11247:
11243:
11242:
11237:
11233:
11232:
11227:
11223:
11222:
11217:
11213:
11212:
11207:
11203:
11202:
11197:
11193:
11192:
11187:
11183:
11182:
11177:
11173:
11172:
11167:
11163:
11162:
11157:
11153:
11152:
11147:
11143:
11142:
11137:
11133:
11132:
11127:
11123:
11122:
11117:
11113:
11112:
11111:Up in the Air
11107:
11103:
11102:
11097:
11093:
11092:
11087:
11083:
11082:
11077:
11073:
11072:
11067:
11063:
11062:
11057:
11053:
11052:
11047:
11043:
11042:
11037:
11033:
11032:
11027:
11023:
11022:
11017:
11013:
11012:
11007:
11003:
11002:
10997:
10993:
10992:
10987:
10983:
10982:
10977:
10973:
10972:
10967:
10963:
10962:
10957:
10953:
10952:
10947:
10943:
10942:
10937:
10933:
10932:
10927:
10923:
10922:
10917:
10916:
10913:
10909:
10902:
10897:
10895:
10890:
10888:
10883:
10882:
10879:
10865:
10864:
10859:
10855:
10854:
10849:
10845:
10844:
10839:
10835:
10834:
10829:
10825:
10824:
10819:
10815:
10814:
10809:
10805:
10804:
10799:
10795:
10794:
10789:
10785:
10784:
10779:
10775:
10774:
10769:
10765:
10764:
10759:
10755:
10754:
10749:
10745:
10744:
10739:
10735:
10734:
10729:
10725:
10724:
10719:
10715:
10714:
10709:
10705:
10704:
10699:
10695:
10694:
10689:
10685:
10684:
10679:
10675:
10674:
10669:
10665:
10664:
10659:
10655:
10654:
10649:
10645:
10644:
10639:
10635:
10634:
10629:
10625:
10624:
10619:
10615:
10614:
10609:
10605:
10604:
10599:
10595:
10594:
10589:
10585:
10584:
10579:
10578:
10575:
10571:
10564:
10559:
10557:
10552:
10550:
10545:
10544:
10541:
10528:
10527:
10523:
10520:
10519:
10515:
10512:
10511:
10507:
10504:
10503:
10499:
10496:
10495:
10491:
10488:
10487:
10483:
10480:
10479:
10475:
10472:
10471:
10467:
10464:
10463:
10459:
10456:
10455:
10451:
10448:
10447:
10443:
10440:
10439:
10435:
10432:
10431:
10427:
10424:
10423:
10419:
10416:
10415:
10411:
10408:
10407:
10403:
10400:
10399:
10395:
10392:
10391:
10387:
10384:
10383:
10379:
10376:
10375:
10371:
10368:
10367:
10363:
10360:
10359:
10355:
10352:
10351:
10347:
10344:
10343:
10342:Almost Famous
10339:
10336:
10335:
10331:
10328:
10327:
10323:
10320:
10319:
10315:
10312:
10311:
10307:
10304:
10303:
10299:
10296:
10295:
10291:
10288:
10287:
10283:
10280:
10279:
10275:
10272:
10271:
10267:
10264:
10263:
10259:
10256:
10255:
10251:
10248:
10247:
10243:
10242:
10239:
10235:
10228:
10223:
10221:
10216:
10214:
10209:
10208:
10205:
10191:
10190:
10185:
10181:
10180:
10175:
10171:
10170:
10165:
10161:
10160:
10155:
10151:
10150:
10145:
10141:
10140:
10135:
10131:
10130:
10125:
10121:
10120:
10115:
10111:
10110:
10105:
10101:
10100:
10095:
10091:
10090:
10085:
10081:
10080:
10075:
10071:
10070:
10065:
10061:
10060:
10055:
10051:
10050:
10045:
10041:
10040:
10035:
10031:
10030:
10025:
10021:
10020:
10015:
10011:
10010:
10005:
10001:
10000:
9995:
9991:
9990:
9985:
9981:
9980:
9975:
9971:
9970:
9965:
9961:
9960:
9955:
9951:
9950:
9945:
9941:
9940:
9935:
9931:
9930:
9925:
9921:
9920:
9915:
9911:
9910:
9905:
9901:
9900:
9895:
9891:
9890:
9885:
9881:
9880:
9875:
9871:
9870:
9865:
9861:
9860:
9855:
9851:
9850:
9845:
9841:
9840:
9835:
9831:
9830:
9825:
9821:
9820:
9815:
9811:
9810:
9805:
9801:
9800:
9795:
9791:
9790:
9785:
9781:
9780:
9775:
9771:
9770:
9765:
9761:
9760:
9755:
9751:
9750:
9745:
9741:
9740:
9735:
9731:
9730:
9725:
9721:
9720:
9715:
9711:
9710:
9705:
9701:
9700:
9695:
9691:
9690:
9689:Day for Night
9685:
9681:
9680:
9675:
9671:
9670:
9665:
9661:
9660:
9655:
9651:
9650:
9645:
9641:
9640:
9635:
9634:
9632:
9626:
9618:
9617:
9612:
9608:
9607:
9602:
9598:
9597:
9592:
9588:
9587:
9582:
9578:
9577:
9572:
9568:
9567:
9562:
9558:
9557:
9552:
9548:
9547:
9542:
9538:
9537:
9536:The Apartment
9532:
9528:
9527:
9522:
9518:
9517:
9512:
9508:
9507:
9502:
9498:
9497:
9492:
9488:
9487:
9482:
9478:
9477:
9472:
9468:
9467:
9462:
9458:
9457:
9452:
9448:
9447:
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9438:
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9436:All About Eve
9432:
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8809:The Godfather
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8689:The Apartment
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8578:All About Eve
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8268:(grandfather)
8267:
8266:Alfred Mendes
8263:
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8260:
8256:
8248:
8247:
8246:The Franchise
8242:
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8136:Feature films
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7434:0-8028-2795-0
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7031:
7024:
7022:
7006:
7005:
7000:
6993:
6991:
6989:
6977:September 10,
6972:
6968:
6967:
6962:
6955:
6953:
6936:
6932:
6931:
6926:
6920:
6904:
6900:
6899:
6898:BuzzFeed News
6894:
6888:
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6853:
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6829:
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6689:
6685:
6684:
6679:
6675:
6669:
6653:
6649:
6648:
6643:
6639:
6638:Maslin, Janet
6633:
6631:
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6607:
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6575:
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6311:
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6307:
6305:
6296:
6289:
6287:
6270:
6266:
6262:
6256:
6254:
6237:
6236:
6235:New York Post
6231:
6224:
6209:
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6198:
6183:
6179:
6172:
6157:
6153:
6146:
6144:
6128:
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6021:
6017:
6010:
6002:
5995:
5980:
5976:
5969:
5953:
5949:
5948:
5947:Business Wire
5943:
5937:
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5918:
5902:
5896:
5880:
5876:
5875:
5870:
5864:
5862:
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5841:
5834:
5819:
5815:
5808:
5792:
5788:
5784:
5778:
5776:
5774:
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5756:
5752:
5745:
5743:
5727:
5723:
5716:
5708:
5701:
5699:
5683:
5679:
5672:
5664:
5660:
5659:
5651:
5635:
5631:
5624:
5617:
5611:
5609:
5593:
5589:
5582:
5566:
5565:
5560:
5554:
5538:
5534:
5528:
5521:
5516:
5500:
5499:
5494:
5487:
5485:
5469:
5465:
5458:
5456:
5454:
5446:
5441:
5434:
5429:
5427:
5425:
5423:
5415:
5410:
5408:
5406:
5398:
5393:
5391:
5384:, p. 259
5383:
5378:
5370:
5363:
5356:
5351:
5344:
5339:
5332:
5327:
5321:, p. 270
5320:
5315:
5308:
5303:
5301:
5293:
5288:
5286:
5284:
5275:
5271:
5270:
5265:
5258:
5256:
5249:, p. 268
5248:
5243:
5236:
5231:
5224:
5219:
5212:
5207:
5205:
5203:
5201:
5199:
5197:
5181:
5180:
5175:
5168:
5153:
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5147:
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5138:
5122:
5118:
5111:
5103:
5096:
5089:
5084:
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5049:
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5043:
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5034:
5032:
5030:
5028:
5020:
5015:
5008:
5003:
4995:
4988:
4980:
4973:
4965:
4964:
4963:Boston Herald
4956:
4948:
4944:
4943:
4938:
4932:
4925:
4913:
4909:
4905:
4898:
4890:
4883:
4881:
4874:, p. 257
4873:
4868:
4860:
4853:
4837:
4833:
4832:
4827:
4821:
4805:
4801:
4797:
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4784:
4779:
4777:
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4773:
4765:
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4732:
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4716:
4711:
4709:
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4703:
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4683:
4679:
4672:
4657:
4653:
4646:
4639:
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4632:
4615:
4611:
4610:
4605:
4599:
4583:
4579:
4578:
4573:
4566:
4559:
4554:
4552:
4550:
4542:
4541:Chumo II 2000
4537:
4535:
4533:
4516:
4512:
4508:
4502:
4494:
4490:
4489:
4484:
4477:
4475:
4467:
4462:
4460:
4452:
4451:Chumo II 2000
4447:
4445:
4437:
4432:
4430:
4422:
4417:
4410:
4409:Chumo II 2000
4405:
4403:
4395:
4390:
4388:
4380:
4379:Chumo II 2000
4375:
4373:
4356:
4352:
4345:
4343:
4335:
4334:Chumo II 2000
4330:
4323:
4322:Chumo II 2000
4318:
4316:
4308:
4303:
4296:
4291:
4284:
4283:Chumo II 2000
4279:
4264:
4260:
4253:
4247:, p. 253
4246:
4241:
4239:
4232:, p. 252
4231:
4226:
4224:
4222:
4214:
4209:
4203:, p. 249
4202:
4197:
4191:, p. 248
4190:
4185:
4178:
4177:Chumo II 2000
4173:
4171:
4169:
4167:
4165:
4157:
4152:
4150:
4148:
4141:, p. 251
4140:
4135:
4133:
4131:
4129:
4113:
4109:
4102:
4087:. p. 271
4086:
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4067:
4058:
4057:
4049:
4042:
4037:
4030:
4025:
4023:
4015:
4010:
4003:
4002:Chumo II 2000
3998:
3996:
3994:
3986:
3985:Chumo II 2000
3981:
3979:
3977:
3975:
3973:
3964:
3957:
3955:
3946:
3942:
3941:
3936:
3929:
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3908:
3891:
3887:
3886:
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3874:
3872:
3864:
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3840:
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3828:
3823:
3821:
3813:
3808:
3801:
3796:
3794:
3792:
3784:
3779:
3772:
3767:
3760:
3755:
3748:
3743:
3741:
3734:, p. 148
3733:
3732:Hausmann 2004
3728:
3722:, p. 127
3721:
3720:Hausmann 2004
3716:
3710:, p. 264
3709:
3704:
3688:
3687:
3682:
3680:
3671:
3669:
3662:, p. 266
3661:
3656:
3654:
3647:, p. 267
3646:
3641:
3635:, p. 113
3634:
3633:Hausmann 2004
3629:
3623:, p. 117
3622:
3621:Hausmann 2004
3617:
3615:
3613:
3606:, p. 106
3605:
3600:
3598:
3590:
3585:
3583:
3575:
3570:
3568:
3560:
3555:
3553:
3536:
3535:
3530:
3524:
3522:
3520:
3518:
3516:
3514:
3506:
3501:
3499:
3491:
3486:
3479:
3474:
3468:, p. 360
3467:
3462:
3456:, p. 356
3455:
3450:
3443:
3438:
3432:, p. 350
3431:
3426:
3424:
3422:
3420:
3412:
3407:
3401:, p. 348
3400:
3395:
3388:
3383:
3381:
3373:
3368:
3362:, p. 347
3361:
3356:
3350:, p. 345
3349:
3344:
3338:, p. 112
3337:
3336:Hausmann 2004
3332:
3326:, p. 274
3325:
3320:
3314:, p. 265
3313:
3308:
3306:
3304:
3302:
3294:
3293:
3288:
3284:
3281:
3275:
3268:
3263:
3256:
3251:
3244:
3239:
3237:
3235:
3233:
3226:, p. 105
3225:
3220:
3218:
3210:
3205:
3203:
3201:
3199:
3197:
3189:
3184:
3182:
3180:
3172:
3171:Hausmann 2004
3167:
3165:
3157:
3152:
3145:
3140:
3138:
3131:, p. 104
3130:
3125:
3123:
3121:
3119:
3117:
3110:, p. 118
3109:
3108:Hausmann 2004
3104:
3102:
3100:
3092:
3087:
3085:
3077:
3072:
3070:
3068:
3066:
3064:
3062:
3060:
3058:
3050:
3045:
3039:, p. 128
3038:
3033:
3031:
3024:, p. 126
3023:
3018:
3016:
3014:
3006:
3001:
2995:, p. 129
2994:
2989:
2987:
2985:
2973:September 22,
2968:
2964:
2963:
2958:
2952:
2950:
2933:
2929:
2928:
2923:
2917:
2913:
2910:
2909:
2893:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2865:
2858:
2852:
2843:
2834:
2820:
2813:
2807:
2800:
2794:
2785:
2779: (1968).
2778:
2777:
2772:
2771:
2770:All That Jazz
2766:
2765:
2760:
2759:
2754:
2753:
2748:
2744:
2743:
2736:
2730: (1967).
2729:
2728:
2721:
2714:
2713:
2708:
2707:
2702:
2701:
2694:
2687:
2681:
2674:
2673:American Rose
2668:
2661:
2657:
2651:
2641:
2634:
2633:9780415904193
2630:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2612:
2605:
2604:Sally R. Munt
2599:
2592:
2586:
2582:
2575:
2573:
2570:In 2006, the
2563:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2549:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2501:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2486:Best Director
2483:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2455:
2450:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2424:Beverly Hills
2421:
2417:
2413:
2408:
2406:
2405:
2400:
2399:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2377:
2375:
2371:
2370:Best Director
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2315:
2313:
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2298:
2297:
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2182:
2178:
2174:
2169:
2166:
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2161:
2155:
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2149:
2145:
2138:Retrospective
2135:
2133:
2132:
2126:
2121:
2119:
2113:
2110:
2105:
2101:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2086:
2085:Kenneth Turan
2082:
2080:
2079:
2073:
2071:
2070:
2065:
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2059:
2055:
2054:
2049:
2045:
2044:Todd McCarthy
2041:
2040:
2034:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2017:
2013:
2011:
2007:
2003:
2002:
1997:
1983:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1969:
1964:
1960:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1949:
1944:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1930:
1926:
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1700:
1696:
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1688:
1684:
1683:Elliott Smith
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1643:the Guess Who
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1623:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1584:Thomas Newman
1580:
1576:
1566:
1562:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1542:
1541:EXR 100T 5248
1538:
1534:
1530:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1487:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1475:
1474:The Blue Room
1470:
1469:Nicole Kidman
1466:
1465:
1460:
1456:
1451:
1442:
1440:
1439:
1432:
1429:
1428:Coen brothers
1425:
1420:
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1412:
1408:
1404:
1395:
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1387:
1380:
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1348:
1339:
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1308:
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1300:
1296:
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1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1250:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1227:carte blanche
1223:
1221:
1220:
1215:
1211:
1210:Kirsten Dunst
1207:
1205:
1201:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1187:
1182:
1181:
1180:The Apartment
1176:
1172:
1167:
1165:
1164:
1160:, and 1992's
1159:
1158:
1153:
1152:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1134:John Travolta
1131:
1130:Kevin Costner
1127:
1119:
1114:
1108:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1074:
1068:
1064:
1061:
1057:
1051:
1045:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1019:Walter Parkes
1016:
1012:
1006:
1004:
1000:
996:
995:
990:
986:
985:
980:
976:
972:
968:
967:
962:
958:
953:
948:
946:
942:
938:
937:October Films
934:
930:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
904:
902:
898:
894:
890:
889:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
867:
862:
861:
855:
851:
836:
830:
826:
825:Thomas Newman
821:
817:
816:
810:
808:
803:
798:
794:
785:
781:
777:
776:musical motif
763:
760:
751:
748:
742:
740:
732:
728:
727:
722:
721:
716:
715:
710:
709:
703:
700:
690:
687:
681:
672:
670:
666:
661:
655:
651:
648:
644:
640:
639:Sally R. Munt
635:
631:
630:
625:
624:
619:
618:
613:
603:
599:
596:
590:
587:
579:
574:
565:
563:
555:
551:
546:
541:
539:
520:
517:
514:
511:
508:
505:
502:
499:
496:
493:
490:
487:
485:as Buddy Kane
484:
481:
478:
475:
472:
469:
466:
463:
460:
457:
454:
451:
450:
443:
439:
435:
431:
429:
423:
420:
409:
407:
403:
399:
395:
394:Best Director
391:
386:
384:
383:
378:
374:
371:s chances of
367:
363:
359:
358:
353:
349:
344:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
291:
288:
287:psychological
284:
283:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
250:United States
249:
245:
241:
235:
220:
217:
205:
204:
202:
199:Release dates
196:
193:
190:
186:
180:
172:
169:
168:Thomas Newman
166:
162:
156:
153:
151:
148:
147:
145:
141:
138:
135:
131:
125:
122:
120:
117:
115:
112:
110:
107:
105:
102:
100:
97:
95:
92:
90:
87:
86:
84:
80:
74:
71:
69:
66:
65:
63:
59:
56:
53:
49:
46:
43:
39:
32:
27:
22:
19:
15377:
15369:
15361:
15353:
15345:
15337:
15329:
15321:
15313:
15305:
15297:
15289:
15281:
15273:
15265:
15257:
15249:
15241:
15233:
15225:
15219:Hotel Rwanda
15217:
15209:
15201:
15193:
15185:
15179:21st century
15167:
15166:
15158:
15150:
15142:
15134:
15126:
15118:
15110:
15102:
15094:
15086:
15078:
15070:
15062:
15054:
15046:
15038:
15030:
15022:
15014:
15006:
14998:
14992:20th century
14938:
14928:
14918:
14908:
14898:
14888:
14878:
14868:
14858:
14848:
14838:
14828:
14818:
14808:
14798:
14788:
14778:
14768:
14758:
14748:
14738:
14728:
14720:Gosford Park
14718:
14708:
14699:
14698:
14688:
14678:
14670:The Birdcage
14668:
14658:
14600:
14590:
14580:
14570:
14562:The Irishman
14560:
14550:
14540:
14530:
14520:
14512:Nightcrawler
14510:
14500:
14490:
14480:
14470:
14460:
14450:
14440:
14430:
14420:
14410:
14400:
14390:
14380:
14370:
14361:
14360:
14350:
14340:
14330:
14273:
14265:
14257:
14249:
14241:
14233:
14225:
14217:
14209:
14201:
14193:
14187:
14179:
14171:
14163:
14155:
14147:
14139:
14131:
14123:
14115:
14107:
14099:
14091:
14083:
14076:
14075:
14067:
14059:
14051:
14043:
14037:Forrest Gump
14035:
14027:
14019:
14011:
14003:
13995:
13939:
13931:
13925:Gosford Park
13923:
13915:
13909:
13902:
13901:
13893:
13837:
13829:
13821:
13813:
13805:
13797:
13789:
13781:
13773:
13765:
13757:
13749:
13741:
13733:
13725:
13717:
13709:
13701:
13693:
13685:
13677:
13669:
13661:
13655:
13647:
13640:
13639:
13631:
13623:
13566:
13556:
13546:
13536:
13528:The Irishman
13526:
13516:
13506:
13496:
13486:
13476:
13466:
13456:
13446:
13436:
13426:
13416:
13406:
13396:
13386:
13376:
13368:Mystic River
13366:
13356:
13346:
13339:2001–present
13325:
13316:
13315:
13305:
13295:
13285:
13275:
13267:Pulp Fiction
13265:
13261:Forrest Gump
13259:
13249:
13239:
13229:
13219:
13209:
13199:
13189:
13179:
13169:
13159:
13149:
13143:
13133:
13123:
13117:
13107:
13097:
13087:
13077:
13067:
13046:
13042:Barry Lyndon
13040:
13030:
13020:
13010:
13000:
12990:
12980:
12970:
12960:
12950:
12940:
12930:
12920:
12910:
12900:
12890:
12880:
12870:
12860:
12850:
12840:
12830:
12820:
12810:
12800:
12779:
12769:
12759:
12749:
12739:
12729:
12719:
12709:
12699:
12691:Citizen Kane
12689:
12679:
12669:
12659:
12649:
12639:
12631:The Informer
12629:
12619:
12609:
12599:
12539:
12531:
12523:
12515:
12507:
12499:
12491:
12483:
12475:
12467:
12459:
12451:
12443:
12435:
12427:
12421:The Wrestler
12419:
12411:
12403:
12395:
12387:
12379:
12371:
12363:
12355:
12348:
12347:
12339:
12331:
12323:
12315:
12307:
12299:
12291:
12283:
12275:
12267:
12259:
12251:
12243:
12235:
12229:Paris, Texas
12227:
12219:
12211:
12203:
12195:
12138:
12128:
12118:
12108:
12098:
12088:
12078:
12068:
12060:The Revenant
12058:
12048:
12038:
12028:
12018:
12008:
11998:
11988:
11978:
11968:
11958:
11948:
11938:
11928:
11918:
11911:2001–present
11897:
11888:
11887:
11877:
11867:
11857:
11847:
11839:Forrest Gump
11837:
11827:
11817:
11807:
11797:
11787:
11777:
11767:
11757:
11747:
11737:
11727:
11717:
11707:
11697:
11687:
11677:
11667:
11657:
11636:
11626:
11618:The Exorcist
11616:
11606:
11596:
11586:
11576:
11566:
11556:
11546:
11536:
11526:
11518:The Cardinal
11516:
11506:
11496:
11486:
11476:
11466:
11456:
11446:
11438:East of Eden
11436:
11426:
11416:
11406:
11396:
11386:
11376:
11366:
11360:
11350:
11340:
11330:
11322:Going My Way
11320:
11310:
11249:
11239:
11229:
11219:
11209:
11199:
11189:
11179:
11169:
11159:
11149:
11139:
11129:
11119:
11109:
11099:
11089:
11079:
11069:
11059:
11049:
11039:
11029:
11019:
11010:
11009:
10999:
10989:
10979:
10969:
10961:Pulp Fiction
10959:
10949:
10939:
10929:
10919:
10861:
10851:
10841:
10831:
10821:
10811:
10801:
10791:
10781:
10771:
10761:
10751:
10741:
10731:
10721:
10711:
10701:
10693:The Departed
10691:
10681:
10671:
10661:
10651:
10641:
10631:
10622:
10621:
10611:
10601:
10591:
10581:
10524:
10516:
10508:
10500:
10492:
10484:
10476:
10468:
10460:
10452:
10444:
10436:
10428:
10420:
10412:
10404:
10396:
10390:The Departed
10388:
10380:
10372:
10364:
10356:
10348:
10340:
10333:
10332:
10324:
10316:
10308:
10300:
10292:
10284:
10276:
10268:
10260:
10252:
10244:
10187:
10177:
10167:
10157:
10147:
10137:
10127:
10117:
10109:The Revenant
10107:
10097:
10087:
10077:
10067:
10057:
10047:
10037:
10027:
10017:
10007:
9997:
9987:
9977:
9967:
9957:
9948:
9947:
9937:
9927:
9917:
9907:
9897:
9887:
9877:
9867:
9857:
9847:
9837:
9827:
9817:
9807:
9797:
9787:
9777:
9767:
9757:
9747:
9737:
9727:
9717:
9707:
9697:
9687:
9677:
9667:
9657:
9647:
9639:The Graduate
9637:
9614:
9604:
9596:My Fair Lady
9594:
9584:
9574:
9564:
9554:
9544:
9534:
9524:
9514:
9504:
9494:
9484:
9474:
9464:
9454:
9444:
9434:
9424:
9414:
9404:
9339:
9329:
9319:
9309:
9299:
9289:
9279:
9269:
9259:
9249:
9239:
9229:
9219:
9209:
9199:
9189:
9179:
9171:The Departed
9169:
9159:
9149:
9139:
9129:
9119:
9112:2001–present
9098:
9089:
9088:
9078:
9068:
9058:
9048:
9040:Forrest Gump
9038:
9028:
9018:
9008:
8998:
8988:
8978:
8968:
8958:
8948:
8938:
8928:
8918:
8908:
8898:
8888:
8878:
8868:
8858:
8837:
8827:
8817:
8807:
8797:
8787:
8777:
8767:
8757:
8747:
8737:
8729:My Fair Lady
8727:
8717:
8707:
8697:
8687:
8677:
8667:
8657:
8647:
8637:
8627:
8617:
8607:
8597:
8576:
8566:
8556:
8546:
8536:
8526:
8518:Going My Way
8516:
8506:
8498:Mrs. Miniver
8496:
8486:
8476:
8466:
8456:
8446:
8436:
8426:
8416:
8406:
8396:
8386:
8376:
8366:
8356:
8300:
8244:
8223:
8213:
8203:
8193:
8183:
8173:
8163:
8153:
8144:
8143:
8074:
8055:
8047:
8040:
8039:
8022:Here and Now
8020:
8012:
8004:
7996:
7935:
7925:
7914:
7903:
7879:
7875:
7854:
7848:
7821:
7784:
7780:
7770:
7745:. New York:
7742:
7736:
7697:
7691:
7670:
7664:
7643:
7614:
7608:
7571:
7567:
7544:
7524:Film Studies
7523:
7506:
7502:
7481:
7477:
7445:
7416:
7410:
7399:
7398:
7387:February 28,
7385:. Retrieved
7381:the original
7376:
7366:
7354:. Retrieved
7345:The Guardian
7343:
7334:
7326:
7317:
7305:. Retrieved
7297:Getty Images
7296:
7287:
7274:
7264:
7252:. Retrieved
7248:
7242:
7238:
7230:
7220:– via
7217:
7211:
7199:. Retrieved
7190:
7180:
7144:. Retrieved
7138:
7107:. Retrieved
7098:
7095:"Madagascar"
7089:
7079:December 13,
7077:. Retrieved
7066:
7056:
7044:. Retrieved
7040:the original
7033:
7008:. Retrieved
7004:The Guardian
7002:
6975:. Retrieved
6964:
6939:. Retrieved
6935:the original
6928:
6919:
6907:. Retrieved
6896:
6887:
6875:. Retrieved
6868:
6859:
6832:. Retrieved
6830:. p. 14
6825:
6815:
6805:September 6,
6803:. Retrieved
6794:
6769:. Retrieved
6763:
6733:
6728:, p. 47
6721:
6716:, p. 50
6692:. Retrieved
6681:
6674:Ebert, Roger
6668:
6656:. Retrieved
6645:
6615:. Retrieved
6609:
6578:. Retrieved
6567:
6558:
6546:. Retrieved
6535:
6526:
6517:
6511:
6499:. Retrieved
6495:
6485:
6476:
6470:
6465:, p. 46
6445:
6430:
6418:. Retrieved
6416:. p. 88
6411:
6401:
6393:the original
6386:
6376:
6364:
6351:
6326:. Retrieved
6322:
6294:
6273:. Retrieved
6269:the original
6264:
6240:. Retrieved
6238:. p. 52
6233:
6223:
6211:. Retrieved
6207:
6197:
6185:. Retrieved
6181:
6171:
6159:. Retrieved
6155:
6130:. Retrieved
6126:
6101:. Retrieved
6097:
6087:
6075:. Retrieved
6071:
6061:
6049:. Retrieved
6045:
6035:
6023:. Retrieved
6019:
6009:
6000:
5994:
5982:. Retrieved
5978:
5968:
5956:. Retrieved
5952:the original
5945:
5936:
5905:. Retrieved
5895:
5883:. Retrieved
5872:
5846:. Retrieved
5842:
5833:
5821:. Retrieved
5817:
5807:
5795:. Retrieved
5791:the original
5786:
5758:. Retrieved
5754:
5729:. Retrieved
5725:
5715:
5706:
5685:. Retrieved
5681:
5671:
5656:
5650:
5638:. Retrieved
5623:
5615:
5595:. Retrieved
5591:
5581:
5569:. Retrieved
5562:
5553:
5541:. Retrieved
5536:
5527:
5522:, chapter 24
5515:
5503:. Retrieved
5496:
5471:. Retrieved
5467:
5447:, p. 82
5440:
5435:, p. 76
5416:, p. 81
5399:, p. 80
5377:
5368:
5362:
5357:, chapter 12
5350:
5345:, chapter 20
5338:
5326:
5314:
5294:, p. 27
5267:
5242:
5237:, chapter 21
5230:
5225:, chapter 10
5218:
5213:, p. 75
5183:. Retrieved
5177:
5167:
5155:. Retrieved
5149:
5124:. Retrieved
5120:
5110:
5101:
5095:
5090:, chapter 19
5075:, p. 34
5068:
5056:. Retrieved
5052:the original
5045:
5014:
5009:, chapter 16
5002:
4993:
4987:
4978:
4972:
4961:
4955:
4947:the original
4942:Deseret News
4940:
4931:
4923:
4916:. Retrieved
4907:
4897:
4888:
4867:
4852:
4840:. Retrieved
4829:
4820:
4808:. Retrieved
4799:
4790:
4763:
4750:, chapter 22
4730:
4685:. Retrieved
4681:
4671:
4659:. Retrieved
4655:
4645:
4618:. Retrieved
4607:
4598:
4586:. Retrieved
4575:
4565:
4560:, p. 36
4543:, p. 35
4519:. Retrieved
4510:
4501:
4486:
4468:, p. 35
4438:, p. 33
4416:
4411:, p. 33
4396:, p. 32
4381:, p. 30
4359:. Retrieved
4355:The Advocate
4354:
4329:
4309:, p. 37
4302:
4297:, p. 24
4290:
4285:, p. 32
4278:
4266:. Retrieved
4262:
4252:
4208:
4196:
4184:
4179:, p. 28
4158:, p. 31
4115:. Retrieved
4111:
4101:
4089:. Retrieved
4084:
4054:
4048:
4043:, p. 30
4036:
4016:, p. 28
4009:
4004:, p. 27
3987:, p. 26
3962:
3940:The Guardian
3938:
3935:"Sam smiles"
3918:, p. 25
3894:. Retrieved
3890:the original
3883:
3858:
3853:, p. 84
3846:
3834:
3814:, p. 23
3807:
3802:, p. 86
3778:
3773:, chapter 17
3766:
3761:, p. 25
3754:
3749:, p. 22
3727:
3715:
3703:
3691:. Retrieved
3689:. p. 11
3686:The Advocate
3684:
3678:
3640:
3628:
3591:, chapter 23
3576:, chapter 18
3539:. Retrieved
3532:
3507:, p. 27
3492:, p. 25
3485:
3473:
3461:
3449:
3444:, p. 27
3437:
3406:
3394:
3374:, p. 24
3367:
3355:
3343:
3331:
3319:
3290:
3274:
3269:, chapter 27
3262:
3257:, chapter 26
3250:
3245:, p. 26
3211:, chapter 25
3190:, chapter 11
3151:
3044:
3007:, p. 23
3000:
2971:. Retrieved
2960:
2936:. Retrieved
2925:
2916:
2907:
2906:
2892:
2864:
2856:
2851:
2842:
2833:
2819:
2806:
2799:Chloe Hunter
2793:
2784:
2774:
2768:
2762:
2758:Marathon Man
2756:
2750:
2740:
2735:
2725:
2720:
2712:Little Voice
2710:
2704:
2698:
2693:
2680:
2672:
2667:
2650:
2640:
2620:
2611:
2598:
2585:
2569:
2551:
2545:
2537:
2533:Best Editing
2521:Best Actress
2508:
2502:
2481:
2477:
2469:
2462:
2458:
2452:
2446:
2442:
2440:
2427:
2411:
2409:
2402:
2396:
2393:Best Picture
2384:
2378:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2328:
2327:
2309:
2300:
2296:Storytelling
2294:
2291:Todd Solondz
2284:
2279:
2269:
2255:
2248:
2246:
2228:
2223:
2217:
2211:
2205:
2201:The Guardian
2199:
2197:
2187:
2185:
2180:
2177:Anthony Rapp
2170:
2164:
2158:
2156:
2143:
2141:
2129:
2124:
2122:
2114:
2108:
2103:
2099:
2096:
2088:
2083:
2076:
2074:
2067:
2061:
2051:
2048:Janet Maslin
2037:
2035:
2022:
2014:
2009:
1999:
1995:
1994:
1971:
1965:
1961:
1956:
1952:
1946:
1940:
1936:
1934:
1912:
1911:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1888:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1859:
1858:
1846:
1842:
1835:wide release
1826:
1824:
1819:Golden Globe
1814:
1769:
1747:
1741:
1739:
1731:
1716:
1710:
1695:Annie Lennox
1651:Betty Carter
1647:Bill Withers
1624:
1582:
1563:
1526:
1502:
1488:
1483:storyboarded
1478:
1472:
1471:in the play
1462:
1448:
1436:
1433:
1421:
1414:
1402:
1401:
1388:
1378:
1372:
1356:
1343:
1323:Naomi Shohan
1299:Hancock Park
1290:
1288:
1279:
1270:Scott Bakula
1266:Chris Cooper
1262:Edvard Munch
1249:My Big Break
1247:
1226:
1224:
1217:
1208:
1195:Naomi Shohan
1184:
1178:
1168:
1161:
1155:
1149:
1146:Holly Hunter
1126:Bruce Willis
1123:
1117:
1112:
1096:
1079:
1077:
1069:
1065:
1053:
1047:
1043:
1014:
1010:
1007:
1002:
998:
992:
988:
984:Paris, Texas
982:
978:
971:Rob Marshall
964:
957:Mike Nichols
949:
907:
905:
900:
896:
892:
886:
882:
878:
864:
858:
849:
847:
813:
811:
807:teleological
789:
758:
757:
746:
743:
738:
730:
724:
718:
712:
706:
704:
698:
696:
682:
673:
659:
656:
652:
646:
642:
641:argues that
633:
627:
621:
615:
609:
600:
591:
585:
583:
561:
553:
542:
537:
535:
501:Scott Bakula
495:Chris Cooper
453:Kevin Spacey
440:
436:
432:
424:
415:
400:for Spacey,
396:for Mendes,
387:
380:
377:Best Picture
365:
355:
347:
345:
329:Chris Cooper
305:Kevin Spacey
281:
280:
279:
266:$ 15 million
238:Running time
124:Chris Cooper
89:Kevin Spacey
18:
15339:Jojo Rabbit
15203:Whale Rider
15120:The Snapper
15000:Girlfriends
14940:Oppenheimer
14382:Ghost World
14275:Oppenheimer
14117:The Aviator
13839:Oppenheimer
13538:Da 5 Bloods
13241:Howards End
12661:The Citadel
12140:Oppenheimer
11950:The Aviator
10863:Oppenheimer
10294:Hoop Dreams
10189:Oppenheimer
9999:The Aviator
9979:The Pianist
9879:Howards End
9556:The Hustler
9486:Richard III
9341:Oppenheimer
8411:(1932–1933)
8401:(1931–1932)
8398:Grand Hotel
8391:(1930–1931)
8381:(1929–1930)
8371:(1928–1929)
8361:(1927–1928)
8299:Awards for
8057:Uncle Frank
8017:(2008–2014)
8009:(2001–2005)
7998:Oh, Grow Up
7791:: 263–279.
7578:: 112–149.
7488:: 124–131.
7454:. pp.
7452:Focal Press
7241:challenges
7109:October 25,
6738:Hentzi 2000
6726:Hentzi 2000
6714:Hentzi 2000
6580:February 2,
6548:February 2,
6463:Hentzi 2000
6446:Blu-ray.com
6275:December 3,
5929:CinemaScore
5797:January 26,
5445:Probst 2000
5414:Probst 2000
5397:Probst 2000
5309:, chapter 5
5100:"Players".
5021:, chapter 6
4918:February 3,
4717:, chapter 2
3841:, chapter 9
3829:, chapter 4
3158:, chapter 8
3078:, chapter 1
2623:(New York:
2454:The Insider
2389:direct mail
2352:recognized
2289:, the 2001
2261:Clinton era
2118:Freudianism
2075:Writing in
2058:Roger Ebert
2036:Writing in
1839:CinemaScore
1776:Los Angeles
1755:test screen
1675:the Beatles
1612:world music
1537:zoom lenses
1450:Conrad Hall
1411:Tariq Anwar
1367:second unit
1274:Sam Robards
1239:Mena Suvari
1235:Wes Bentley
1231:Thora Birch
1200:Bobby Darin
1175:Jack Lemmon
1138:Chevy Chase
943:(MGM), and
916:Bruce Cohen
888:Oh, Grow Up
875:spec script
844:Development
797:nondiegetic
793:On Broadway
784:On Broadway
610:Like other
513:Amber Smith
507:Sam Robards
477:Mena Suvari
471:Wes Bentley
465:Thora Birch
325:Wes Bentley
321:Thora Birch
313:Mena Suvari
295:written by
242:122 minutes
150:Tariq Anwar
119:Wes Bentley
114:Mena Suvari
99:Thora Birch
68:Bruce Cohen
61:Produced by
41:Directed by
15466:1999 films
15460:Categories
15331:Green Book
15315:La La Land
15016:Bad Timing
14482:The Artist
14412:Vera Drake
14235:Green Book
14219:La La Land
14173:The Artist
13518:Green Book
12902:Question 7
12485:La La Land
12445:The Artist
12293:Unforgiven
11588:Love Story
10941:Unforgiven
10793:La La Land
10743:The Artist
10262:Goodfellas
10119:La La Land
10069:The Artist
9859:Goodfellas
9729:Annie Hall
9291:Green Book
9221:The Artist
9050:Braveheart
9020:Unforgiven
8870:Annie Hall
8508:Casablanca
8237:Television
8185:Away We Go
8120:Sam Mendes
8014:True Blood
7942:Metacritic
7644:Written by
7356:August 12,
7201:August 12,
7010:August 12,
6771:August 12,
6694:August 20,
6658:August 20,
6569:Metacritic
6501:August 12,
6328:August 11,
6213:August 12,
6187:August 12,
6161:August 12,
6132:August 12,
6103:August 12,
6077:August 12,
6051:August 11,
6025:August 11,
5984:August 11,
5848:August 11,
5823:August 12,
5760:August 11,
5731:August 11,
5687:August 11,
5640:August 23,
5543:August 12,
5073:Kazan 2000
4842:January 5,
4620:January 5,
4558:Kazan 2000
4521:August 31,
4466:Kazan 2000
4436:Kazan 2000
4421:Kazan 2000
4394:Kazan 2000
4307:Kazan 2000
4295:Kazan 2000
4268:August 11,
4156:Kazan 2000
4041:Kazan 2000
4029:Kazan 2000
4014:Kazan 2000
3916:Kazan 2000
3812:Furby 2006
3783:Furby 2006
3759:Furby 2006
3747:Furby 2006
3541:August 12,
3478:Anker 2004
3466:Anker 2004
3454:Anker 2004
3430:Anker 2004
3411:Anker 2004
3399:Anker 2004
3387:Anker 2004
3360:Anker 2004
3348:Anker 2004
3091:Anker 2004
3049:Booth 2002
3037:Booth 2002
3022:Booth 2002
2993:Booth 2002
2903:References
2884:, and the
2627:): 65+20.
2523:(Bening),
2517:Best Actor
2492:(Spacey),
2490:Best Actor
2420:Dale Olson
2401:, lost to
2311:Madagascar
2286:Family Guy
2265:millennial
2027:Metacritic
1948:Fight Club
1908:Home media
1734:Amazon.com
1687:Neil Young
1631:The Seeker
1594:for eight
1554:anamorphic
1527:Hall used
1495:fill light
1491:classicism
1459:Tom Cruise
1424:bluescreen
1363:steadicams
1142:Helen Hunt
1118:Second row
1060:Amy Fisher
920:DreamWorks
854:Amy Fisher
839:Production
739:Fight Club
708:Fight Club
617:Fight Club
398:Best Actor
301:Sam Mendes
271:Box office
225:1999-09-17
210:1999-09-08
175:Production
51:Written by
45:Sam Mendes
15347:Nomadland
14860:Spotlight
14660:Apollo 13
14422:King Kong
14251:Nomadland
14085:Gladiator
14045:Apollo 13
13815:Nomadland
13783:Moonlight
13703:United 93
13358:The Hours
13099:Manhattan
13060:1976–2000
13048:Nashville
13022:The Sting
12922:Tom Jones
12793:1951–1975
12592:1932–1950
12517:Nomadland
12429:A Prophet
12405:United 93
12301:The Piano
12110:Nomadland
12070:Moonlight
11980:Atonement
11930:The Hours
11899:Gladiator
11650:1976–2000
11628:Chinatown
11488:Spartacus
11303:1943–1975
11221:Nomadland
11181:Moonlight
11171:Spotlight
11081:United 93
10833:Nomadland
10783:Spotlight
10633:Gladiator
10502:Nomadland
10478:Lady Bird
10470:Moonlight
10302:Apollo 13
10278:Malcolm X
10159:Nomadland
10029:Atonement
10019:The Queen
9959:Gladiator
9749:Manhattan
9628:Best Film
9576:Tom Jones
9393:Best Film
9311:Nomadland
9271:Moonlight
9261:Spotlight
9100:Gladiator
8851:1976–2000
8819:The Sting
8719:Tom Jones
8590:1951–1975
8408:Cavalcade
8349:1927–1950
8049:Towelhead
7983:Alan Ball
7888:0002-7928
7867:0002-7928
7861:: 80–82.
7813:142634066
7805:1471-5902
7789:Routledge
7718:0734-4392
7704:: 76–90.
7683:0037-4806
7677:: 24–26.
7656:1055-1948
7650:: 24–37.
7635:0015-1386
7621:: 46–50.
7600:191626647
7592:1529-1510
7551:: 23–32.
7536:1362-7937
7530:: 22–28.
7515:1084-8665
7494:0093-3139
6941:August 2,
6909:August 2,
6413:Billboard
5907:April 11,
5564:Filmmaker
5331:Kemp 2000
5292:Kemp 2000
3863:Link 2004
3851:Link 2004
3800:Link 2004
3708:Munt 2006
3660:Munt 2006
3645:Munt 2006
3442:Hall 2006
3372:Hall 2006
3324:Munt 2006
3312:Munt 2006
3243:Kemp 2000
3144:Munt 2006
3005:Hall 2006
2908:Footnotes
2625:Routledge
2556:Best Kiss
2513:Best Film
2366:Best Film
2318:Accolades
2242:Instagram
2157:In 2005,
2104:débutants
1970:released
1923:with the
1728:Publicity
1717:Filmmaker
1712:Filmmaker
1667:Bob Dylan
1655:Peggy Lee
1558:diffusion
1499:beadboard
1438:NYPD Blue
1375:close-ups
1303:Brentwood
1113:First row
912:Dan Jinks
614:—such as
578:jail cell
419:catatonic
379:snub for
297:Alan Ball
143:Edited by
73:Dan Jinks
55:Alan Ball
15259:Precious
15211:Zatōichi
15008:Best Boy
14900:Parasite
14820:The Help
14750:Sideways
13807:Parasite
13508:The Post
13145:Betrayal
12509:Parasite
12389:Sideways
11779:Rain Man
11418:The Robe
10673:Sideways
10494:Parasite
10374:Sideways
9496:Gervaise
9446:La Ronde
9301:Parasite
8980:Rain Man
8388:Cimarron
7920:AllMovie
7747:Pantheon
7350:Archived
7301:Archived
7279:Archived
7195:Archived
7169:Archived
7103:Archived
7073:Archived
7046:July 26,
6971:Archived
6903:Archived
6870:Premiere
6799:Archived
6688:Archived
6652:Archived
6574:Archived
6542:Archived
6438:Archived
6356:Archived
5917:cite web
5879:Archived
5634:Archived
5618:: 25–26.
5274:Archived
4912:Archived
4836:Archived
4831:TV Guide
4810:July 28,
4804:Archived
4614:Archived
4582:Archived
4515:Archived
4493:Archived
3945:Archived
3283:Archived
2967:Archived
2938:July 14,
2932:Archived
2752:Badlands
2348:and the
2336:and the
2160:Premiere
2150:and the
1620:mandolin
1608:marimbas
1511:Super 35
1359:Magritte
1243:underage
780:diegetic
711:(1999),
629:Magnolia
255:Language
164:Music by
82:Starring
15400:Portals
15355:Belfast
15032:Tempest
14850:Birdman
14730:Chicago
14710:Traffic
14542:Get Out
14195:Gravity
14101:Chicago
14061:Titanic
13791:Get Out
13657:Memento
13012:Cabaret
13002:Macbeth
12741:Henry V
12469:Boyhood
12213:Missing
12050:Boyhood
11869:Titanic
11759:Platoon
11739:Amadeus
11478:Ben-Hur
11141:Lincoln
11041:Chicago
11021:Traffic
10773:Boyhood
10653:Chicago
10454:Boyhood
10099:Boyhood
9679:Cabaret
9526:Ben-Hur
9131:Chicago
9070:Titanic
8960:Platoon
8940:Amadeus
8769:Oliver!
8679:Ben-Hur
8478:Rebecca
8258:Related
8205:Spectre
8195:Skyfall
8165:Jarhead
7751:243–275
7726:3592968
7425:345–363
7400:Sources
7377:WGA.org
7327:Variety
7307:May 25,
7254:May 15,
7146:May 15,
6930:Variety
6877:May 15,
6834:May 15,
6795:Variety
6617:May 15,
6611:Variety
6496:Variety
6477:Variety
6420:May 15,
6323:Variety
6242:May 15,
6208:Variety
6182:Variety
6156:Variety
6127:Variety
6098:Variety
6072:Variety
6046:Variety
6020:Variety
6001:Variety
5979:Variety
5843:Variety
5818:Variety
5755:Variety
5726:Variety
5707:Variety
5682:Variety
5665:: 5+13.
5597:May 15,
5592:Variety
5571:May 15,
5505:May 15,
5473:May 15,
5468:Variety
5185:May 15,
5157:May 15,
5126:May 15,
5121:Variety
5102:Variety
5058:May 15,
4800:The Age
4687:May 15,
4682:Variety
4661:May 15,
4656:Variety
4577:Vulture
4361:May 15,
4263:Variety
4117:May 15,
4112:Variety
4091:May 15,
3963:Variety
3693:May 15,
3534:Variety
2503:At the
2478:Variety
2474:Miramax
2472:, from
2087:of the
2060:of the
2039:Variety
2001:Variety
1991:Initial
1976:Blu-ray
1723:Release
1679:Because
1627:the Who
1592:texture
1509:in the
1398:Editing
1295:backlot
1285:Filming
1102:Casting
1038:Writing
1027:pitched
1011:Cabaret
999:Cabaret
994:Oliver!
966:Cabaret
388:At the
258:English
247:Country
223: (
208: (
177:company
15382:(2024)
15374:(2023)
15366:(2022)
15358:(2021)
15350:(2020)
15342:(2019)
15334:(2018)
15326:(2017)
15318:(2016)
15310:(2015)
15302:(2014)
15294:(2013)
15286:(2012)
15278:(2011)
15270:(2010)
15262:(2009)
15254:(2008)
15246:(2007)
15238:(2006)
15230:(2005)
15227:Tsotsi
15222:(2004)
15214:(2003)
15206:(2002)
15198:(2001)
15195:Amélie
15190:(2000)
15171:(1999)
15163:(1998)
15155:(1997)
15147:(1996)
15139:(1995)
15131:(1994)
15128:Priest
15123:(1993)
15115:(1992)
15107:(1991)
15099:(1990)
15091:(1989)
15083:(1988)
15075:(1987)
15067:(1986)
15059:(1985)
15051:(1984)
15043:(1983)
15035:(1982)
15027:(1981)
15019:(1980)
15011:(1979)
15003:(1978)
14943:(2023)
14933:(2022)
14923:(2021)
14913:(2020)
14903:(2019)
14893:(2018)
14883:(2017)
14873:(2016)
14863:(2015)
14853:(2014)
14843:(2013)
14833:(2012)
14823:(2011)
14813:(2010)
14803:(2009)
14783:(2007)
14773:(2006)
14763:(2005)
14753:(2004)
14743:(2003)
14733:(2002)
14723:(2001)
14713:(2000)
14703:(1999)
14693:(1998)
14683:(1997)
14673:(1996)
14663:(1995)
14605:(2023)
14595:(2022)
14585:(2021)
14575:(2020)
14565:(2019)
14555:(2018)
14545:(2017)
14535:(2016)
14525:(2015)
14515:(2014)
14505:(2013)
14495:(2012)
14485:(2011)
14475:(2010)
14465:(2009)
14455:(2008)
14445:(2007)
14435:(2006)
14425:(2005)
14415:(2004)
14405:(2003)
14395:(2002)
14385:(2001)
14375:(2000)
14365:(1999)
14355:(1998)
14345:(1997)
14335:(1996)
14278:(2023)
14270:(2022)
14262:(2021)
14254:(2020)
14246:(2019)
14238:(2018)
14230:(2017)
14222:(2016)
14214:(2015)
14206:(2014)
14198:(2013)
14184:(2012)
14176:(2011)
14168:(2010)
14160:(2009)
14152:(2008)
14144:(2007)
14136:(2006)
14128:(2005)
14120:(2004)
14112:(2003)
14104:(2002)
14096:(2001)
14088:(2000)
14080:(1999)
14072:(1998)
14064:(1997)
14056:(1996)
14048:(1995)
14040:(1994)
14032:(1993)
14024:(1992)
14016:(1991)
14008:(1990)
14000:(1989)
13944:(2017)
13936:(2002)
13928:(2001)
13920:(2000)
13906:(1999)
13898:(1998)
13842:(2023)
13834:(2022)
13826:(2021)
13818:(2020)
13810:(2019)
13802:(2018)
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