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355:), rose up. The altar was hollow, except for a mesh grate which was placed inside halfway down, on which the wood sat for the burning of the sacrifices. The area under the grate was filled with earth. There were rings set on two opposite sides of the altar, through which poles could be placed for carrying it. These poles were also made of shittim wood and covered with brass.
743:, after sacrificing a bull and a goat and purifying the Holy of Holies with their blood, would mix the blood of the two animals together. Then, starting at the northeast corner, he smeared the mixture of blood on each of the four corners of the Golden Altar. He then sprinkled the blood eight times on the altar.
512:
renewed the altar when he re-took
Jerusalem. Since the existing altar had been defiled by the blood of pagan sacrifices the old stones of the altar were removed and replaced with new, unhewn ones. However, since the old stones had been previously sanctified by the Jewish sacrifices they could not be
385:
who were responsible for moving and setting up the altar. When it was time for the
Israelites to move, they removed the ashes from the altar, and spread a purple cloth over it, placed all of the instruments and vessels used in the sacrifices on it, covered it with a blanket of badger skin, and put
556:
period. The altar was built as a perfect square and was quite large: it reached a height of 10 cubits (app. 5 meters) and its width was 32 cubits (app. 16 meters). It was constructed of two main parts: the altar itself, and the ascent ramp. Both were constructed of stones and earth. On top of the
557:
altar at its four corners, there were hollow boxes which made small protrusions or "horns." These horns measured one cubit square and 5 handbreadths high, each (or, app. 18" x 18" x 15"). In this form, the altar remained in its place until the destruction of
Jerusalem by the Romans in 70 CE.
312:), nor were any allowed on or near it, because iron and bronze were used for implements of war. The Altar and its utensils were considered to be sacred, and the priests had to vest and wash their hands before touching them—even so much as removing the ashes from the altar.
442:), and was made wholly of brass, covering a structure of stone or earth. Because this altar was larger than the one used in the wilderness, it had a ramp leading up to it. A ramp was used because the use of steps to approach the altar was forbidden by the
280:
A priest officiating at a burnt offering would vest in his priestly vestments before approaching the altar. He would remove the ashes and place them beside the altar. Then he would change his clothing and remove the ashes to a clean place outside the camp
672:
was burned daily on this altar at the time of the morning and the evening sacrifices. The coals used on this altar had to be taken from the Altar of Burnt
Offerings. The incense used had to be made according to a specific formula
719:
Whenever certain sin-offerings were brought, the coals from the incense that was lit that morning were pushed aside and the blood of the "inner sin-offering" was sprinkled seven times on the top of the Golden Altar
454:
of the new temple, Solomon also sanctified a space in the center of the Court of the
Priests for burnt offerings, because the brasen altar he made was not large enough to hold all of the offerings (
658:
wide, one cubit deep, and two cubits high, with a "horn" on each corner, a border of gold around the top, and rings on opposite sides through which poles could be passed to carry it (
688:
The offering of incense was the apex of the daily morning and the evening services. According to the Rabbis, this was the part of the temple service that was most beloved by God (
257:), and portions of the sacrifices would be burned on top of it (precisely which portions would depend upon the type of sacrifice). Also consumed at the altar would be some of the
828:, but these were consumed on the Altar of Burnt Offering, not on the Altar of Incense. On the day of Yom Kippur only, the High Priest would offer incense in the Holy of Holies.
565:
1038:
339:
The first altar of this type was made to be moved with the
Children of Israel as they wandered through the wilderness. Its construction is described in
319:). No strange fire could be placed upon the altar. The burnt offerings would remain on the altar throughout the night before they could be removed (
1307:
528:
662:). The poles were made of shittim wood covered with gold. Moses consecrated the altar with the anointing oil when the Tabernacle was dedicated (
1011:
1397:
243:). This was the outdoor altar and stood in the Court of the Priests, between the Temple and the Court of Israel, and upon which the
891:
402:
into broad plates used to cover the altar, as a warning that only priests of the seed of Aaron may offer incense before the Lord (
1031:
669:
481:, in the latter part of whose reign it was rebuilt. It was finally broken up and carried away by the Babylonians in 586 BCE (
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249:(animal and bird sacrifices) were offered. The blood of the sacrifices would be thrown against the base of the altar (
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According to the Bible, the fire on the altar was lit directly by the hand of God and was not permitted to go out (
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When Moses consecrated the
Tabernacle in the wilderness, he sprinkled the Altar of Burnt Offering with the
128:). The first time the word altar is mentioned and recorded in the Hebrew Bible is that it was erected by
950:
572:), while the lower base of the altar, or tier, was made with a standard cubit of 5 handbreadths.
1312:
370:, "and poured the blood at the bottom of the altar and sanctified it, to make reconciliation upon it" (
769:, the Golden Altar was restored. Antiochus Epiphanes took it away, but it was afterwards restored by
794:
414:
1361:
505:
692:
I 130:A). The burning of the incense was symbolic of the prayer of the people rising up to God (
1371:
857:
497:
685:, who closely guarded its secret. The offering of incense also had to be seasoned with salt.
878:
766:
705:
489:
446:: "Do not climb up to My altar with steps, so that your nakedness not be revealed on it" (
196:
8:
1244:
1080:
1075:
704:). The offering of incense had to take place after the sacrifice, because only after the
636:
423:
296:
the various utensils used with the altar are enumerated. They were made of brass. (Comp.
204:
366:), and purified it by anointing its four horns with the blood of a bullock offered as a
351:, and was overlaid with brass. In each of its four corners projections, called "horns" (
1291:
899:
848:
The remains of three rock-hewn altars were discovered in the Land of Israel: one below
207:, only two altars are mentioned: the Altar of Burnt Offering and the Altar of Incense.
46:
654:
species) and covered in pure gold. It was an upright rectangular stand, measuring one
989:
931:
824:
It should be mentioned that there are other offerings involving incense, such as the
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The altar (illustration from
Brockhaus and Efron Jewish Encyclopedia (1906–1913))
81:
504:, he defiled the Altar of Burnt Offering by erecting a pagan altar upon it. The
1351:
1272:
1239:
969:
774:
746:
In
Solomon's temple the altar was similar in size, but was made of cedar-wood (
628:
262:
40:
35:
1150:
985:
923:
403:
269:
of wine) were poured out here. All sacrifices had to be "seasoned with salt" (
181:
1386:
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825:
810:
798:
553:
331:
258:
1016:
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643:
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462:
451:
367:
348:
308:). The altar could not be carved using utensils made of iron or of bronze (
93:
639:—in front of the cover that is over the Pact—where I will meet with you."
560:
In Jewish tradition, the upper part of the altar was made with a standard
919:
740:
708:
could communion with God take place. After the offering of incense, the
1254:
1108:
1066:
728:
651:
378:
200:
1277:
1223:
818:
647:
536:. This imaginative depiction centers on the Altar of Burnt Offerings.
501:
359:
266:
192:
1092:
801:
in Rome, the Altar of
Incense is not depicted, though the menorah,
632:
478:
335:
Model depiction of the Altar of Burnt Offerings in the Tabernacle.
936:
782:
552:
scholars give a very precise description of the altar during the
518:
399:
382:
347:
in length and in breadth, and 3 cubits in height. It was made of
137:
836:
1172:
802:
549:
395:
245:
681:). According to Jewish tradition, the incense was made by the
1190:
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790:
709:
689:
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177:
165:
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470:
185:
129:
1157:
930:'s Commentary on the same verse, both of whom cite the
627:). This was the indoor altar and stood in front of the
492:
according to the biblical narrative it was re-erected (
398:
censers that were used by the rebels were converted by
513:moved to an unclean place; so they remained on the
817:used for preparing the incense, and possibly the
215:The first altar was the Altar of Burnt Offering (
1384:
548:on the Temple Mount, it was likely refurbished.
967:
132:, it does specify that there was an altar in (
108:were generally erected in conspicuous places (
92:, "a place of slaughter or sacrifice") in the
1046:
1032:
619:
602:
589:
36:texts from within a religion or faith system
588:The second altar was the Altar of Incense (
532:Destruction of the Temple of Jerusalem, by
1039:
1025:
210:
892:"About the Altar: The Horns and the Ramp"
758:it is called "the altar of wood." (Comp.
65:Learn how and when to remove this message
856:(ancient Samaria), and a third one near
835:
579:
527:
413:
330:
968:Elitzur, Yael; Nir-Zevi, Doran (2003).
677:), and no other incense was permitted (
1385:
940:97a–b) as the basis for this teaching.
898:. The Temple Institute. Archived from
844:, sometimes nicknamed "Manoah's Altar"
789:). Among the trophies carried away by
1020:
731:, the Altar of Incense was purified (
461:This altar was said to be renewed by
1367:
496:) where it had formerly stood. When
326:
18:
1398:Tabernacle and Temples in Jerusalem
620:
603:
590:
575:
85:
13:
840:A rock-hewn altar discovered near
14:
1409:
1200:Destruction of Jerusalem Temple (
1004:
773:(1 Maccabees 1:23; 4:49). In the
601:), also called the Golden Altar (
223:), also called the Brasen Altar (
1366:
1357:
1356:
1345:
1156:
1149:
831:
765:In the temple rebuilt after the
521:to tell what to do with them." (
422:The description of the altar in
409:
136:). Other altars were erected by
23:
1214:House of Yahweh (biblical term)
1081:Solomon's Temple (First Temple)
1010:Detailed reconstruction of the
974:Palestine Exploration Quarterly
970:"A Rock-Hewn Altar Near Shiloh"
16:Place of slaughter or sacrifice
1086:Second Temple / Herod's Temple
961:
943:
913:
884:
876:Addis, W. E. (1899). "Altar",
870:
96:were typically made of earth (
1:
1219:Replicas of the Jewish Temple
863:
642:The altar was constructed of
517:, "until there should come a
386:the carrying poles in place (
239:) and the Table of the Lord (
43:that critically analyze them.
1308:Jerusalem Temple archaeology
777:, it was at this altar that
631:. "Place it in front of the
488:After their return from the
426:gives it larger dimensions (
7:
10:
1414:
1313:Temple Warning inscription
390:). After the rebellion of
1340:
1300:
1232:
1165:
1147:
1101:
1059:
1052:
1047:Temples in Jewish history
986:10.1179/peq.2003.135.1.30
852:, another at the foot of
754:) overlaid with gold. In
712:(priests) pronounced the
584:Model of the Golden Altar
569:
1093:Northern Kingdom Temples
896:A Day in the Holy Temple
795:destruction of Jerusalem
203:, and afterwards in the
1053:Temples and other sites
1012:Altar of Burnt Offering
618:) and the Inner Altar (
506:First Book of Maccabees
211:Altar of burnt offering
845:
797:, and depicted on the
585:
537:
498:Antiochus IV Epiphanes
419:
336:
231:), the Earthen Altar (
100:) or unwrought stone (
839:
583:
531:
477:), and "cleansed" by
450:). On the day of the
417:
334:
39:without referring to
879:Encyclopedia Biblica
767:Babylonian captivity
490:Babylonian captivity
235:), the Great Altar (
227:), the Outer Altar (
197:Biblical Mount Sinai
47:improve this article
1245:Ark of the Covenant
1076:Temple in Jerusalem
621:מִזְבַּ֣ח פְּנִימִי
604:מִזְבַּ֣ח הַזָּהָ֔ב
523:1 Maccabees 4:41–47
343:. It was square, 5
229:mizbeach hachitzona
205:Temple in Jerusalem
1352:Judaism portal
1292:Court of the women
1182:Incense offering (
1173:Temple sacrifice (
1137:Elephantine Temple
846:
819:Table of Showbread
737:Leviticus 16:18–19
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538:
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188:(1 Samuel 14:35).
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1233:Rooms and objects
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932:Babylonian Talmud
922:'s Commentary on
815:mortar and pestle
785:appeared to him (
716:upon the people.
714:Priestly Blessing
635:that is over the
546:building activity
469:) and removed by
467:2 Chronicles 15:8
364:Leviticus 8:10–11
327:In the tabernacle
317:Leviticus 6:12–13
283:Leviticus 6:10–11
237:mizbeach hagedola
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41:secondary sources
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1250:Tablets of Stone
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1118:Samaritan Temple
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456:2 Chronicles 7:7
428:2 Chronicles 4:1
424:Solomon's Temple
404:Numbers 16:36–40
298:1 Samuel 2:13–14
217:mizbeach ha'olah
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771:Judas Maccabeus
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675:Exodus 30:34–35
660:Exodus 37:25–26
637:Ark of the Pact
608:mizbaḥ hazzāhāv
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534:Francesco Hayez
510:Judas Maccabeus
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687:
668:
644:shittim wood
641:
625:mizbaḥ pnimi
624:
616:Numbers 4:11
607:
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587:
566:handbreadths
559:
539:
515:Temple Mount
487:
460:
452:consecration
448:Exodus 20:26
432:1 Kings 8:22
421:
376:
368:sin-offering
357:
352:
349:shittim wood
338:
314:
310:Exodus 20:25
291:
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251:Exodus 29:12
244:
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232:
228:
225:Exodus 39:39
221:Exodus 30:28
216:
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182:Exodus 17:15
142:Genesis 12:7
134:Genesis 8:20
110:Genesis 22:9
98:Exodus 20:24
94:Hebrew Bible
89:
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52:
45:Please help
33:
1301:Archaeology
1278:Showbread (
1102:Other sites
920:David Kimhi
741:High Priest
694:Psalm 141:2
679:Exodus 30:9
664:Exodus 40:9
294:Exodus 27:3
241:Malachi 1:7
114:Ezekiel 6:3
1387:Categories
1202:Tisha B'Av
1130:Beit Honyo
906:2007-06-26
864:References
793:after the
729:Yom Kippur
652:Faidherbia
494:Ezra 3:3–6
379:Kohathites
261:, and the
201:Tabernacle
191:After the
184:), and by
1264:Pillars (
1224:Synagogue
994:0031-0328
850:Tel Zorah
807:hasoserah
787:Luke 1:11
779:Zechariah
706:atonement
648:Vachellia
502:Jerusalem
500:pillaged
381:were the
267:libations
199:, in the
193:theophany
86:מִזְבֵּחַ
1362:Category
854:Sebastia
591:מִקְטַ֣ר
550:Talmudic
479:Hezekiah
430:. Comp.
246:korbanot
55:May 2016
1372:Commons
1257:Kaporet
1184:Ketoret
1069:Mishkan
1060:Temples
937:Menahot
813:), the
783:Gabriel
739:). The
710:Kohenim
670:Incense
633:curtain
540:During
519:prophet
400:Eleazar
383:Levites
372:8:14–15
353:keranot
138:Abraham
90:mīzbēaḥ
1393:Altars
1175:Korban
1111:Bamoth
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926:, and
858:Shiloh
595:miqṭar
396:bronze
394:, the
345:cubits
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174:35:1–3
164:), by
156:), by
106:Altars
82:Hebrew
78:Altars
1287:Altar
1193:Kohen
928:Rashi
842:Zorah
821:are.
805:(the
791:Titus
702:8:3–4
690:Zohar
656:cubit
612:39:38
570:טפחים
564:of 6
562:cubit
444:Torah
392:Korah
178:Moses
170:33:20
166:Jacob
158:Isaac
150:13:18
102:20:25
34:uses
990:ISSN
752:7:48
650:and
471:Ahaz
440:9:25
436:8:64
377:The
287:1:16
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154:22:9
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