108:
1402:
145:
122:
856:
Peter VršanskĂ˝; GĂĽnter Bechly; Qingqing Zhang; Edmund A. Jarzembowski; Tomáš MlynskĂ˝; Lucia Ĺ mĂdová; Peter Barna; Matúš KĂşdela; Danil
Aristov; Sonia Bigalk; Lars Krogmann; Liqin Li; Qi Zhang; Haichun Zhang; Sieghard Ellenberger; Patrick Müller; Carsten Gröhn; Fangyuan Xia; Kyoichiro Ueda; Peter
892:
Liuo, C.-H.; Beutel, R. G.; Thomson, U. R; Zheng, D.-R.; Li, J.-H.; Zhao, X.-Y.; Zhang, H.-C.; Wang, B. (2021). "Beetle or roach: systematic position of the enigmatic
Umenocoleidae based on new material from Zhonggou Formation in Jiuquan, Northwest China, and a morphocladistic analysis".
555:. However this was mostly rejected in another study as lacking evidence. A 2021 study alternatively suggested that some alienopterid nymphs functioned as ant mimics, based on morphological features that closely resembled contemporary
1092:
Hemen Sendi; Jan
Hinkelman; Lucia Vršanská; Tatiana Kúdelová; Matúš Kúdela; Marcus Zuber; Thomas van de Kamp; Peter Vršanský (2020). "Roach nectarivory, gymnosperm and earliest flower pollination evidence from Cretaceous ambers".
975:
Bai, Ming; Beutel, Rolf Georg; Klass, Klaus-Dieter; Zhang, Weiwei; Yang, Xingke; Wipfler, Benjamin (2016). "†Alienoptera — A new insect order in the roach–mantodean twilight zone".
409:
Alienopterid nymphs vary in morphology, some are superficially ant-like, while others are more robust. In adult alienopterids, the first set of wings are reduced into shortened
449:. A 2021 study revived the order Alienoptera for the clade containing Alienopteridae and Umenocoleidae, with a cladistic analysis placing Alienoptera as the sister clade to
810:
Luo, Cihang; Beutel, Rolf G.; Engel, Michael S.; Liang, Kun; Li, Liqin; Li, Jiahao; Xu, Chunpeng; Vršanský, Peter; Jarzembowski, Edmund A.; Wang, Bo (February 2022).
857:
Vďačný; Daniel Valaška; Lucia Vršanská; Bo Wang (2018). "Batesian insect-insect mimicry-related explosive radiation of ancient alienopterid cockroaches".
678:
506:
312:
775:
700:
626:
512:
328:
271:
1361:
1279:
689:
320:
932:
gen. et sp. nov.: the second known species and specimen of
Alienoptera extends knowledge about this Cretaceous order (Insecta: Polyneoptera)".
279:
360:
1443:
737:
652:
489:
483:
352:
296:
1010:
Ming Bai; Rolf Georg Beutel; Weiwei Zhang; Shuo Wang; Marie Hörnig; Carsten Gröhn; Evgeny Yan; Xingke Yang; Benjamin
Wipfler (2018).
1266:
711:
336:
722:
561:
344:
565:
was also a wasp mimic, though mimicry in other adult alienopterids was rejected. One alienopterid nymph was found laden with
1462:
107:
1472:
1131:
Wipfler, Benjamin; Kočárek, Petr; Richter, Adrian; Boudinot, Brendon; Bai, Ming; Beutel, Rolf Georg (2019-10-31).
581:. Alienopterid adults have been suggested to be predators adapted to moving through dense foliage, with the small
1436:
413:
scale-like structures. The compound eyes are large, and the head generally triangular shaped and able to rotate.
144:
1429:
1132:
1257:
812:"Life history and evolution of the enigmatic Cretaceous–Eocene Alienopteridae: A critical review"
811:
1379:
1310:
1366:
1284:
1219:
855:
1374:
1352:
1305:
1297:
1053:"Earliest behavioral mimicry and possible food begging in a Mesozoic alienopterid pollinator"
520:
401:. They are noted for their unusual combination of features not found in other dictyopterans.
1467:
984:
1182:
gen. et sp. nov., a umenocoleid dictyopteran (Insecta) from mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber".
1133:"Structural features and life habits of †Alienoptera (Polyneoptera, Dictyoptera, Insecta)"
8:
1401:
1417:
988:
1199:
1160:
1110:
1074:
957:
910:
874:
831:
756:
577:), suggesting that it consumed pollen as part of its diet, and that it also acted as a
371:
139:
1091:
1292:
1203:
1164:
1152:
1148:
1114:
1078:
1033:
949:
914:
835:
961:
878:
827:
1191:
1144:
1102:
1064:
1023:
992:
941:
902:
866:
823:
1195:
945:
1337:
1242:
906:
759:
497:
1413:
1106:
1069:
1052:
595:
556:
426:
199:
1028:
1011:
1009:
870:
1456:
1156:
996:
953:
615:
574:
528:
474:
438:
430:
263:
130:
65:
1177:
1037:
663:
637:
304:
288:
238:
121:
1346:
1251:
544:
442:
394:
40:
1271:
1012:"A new Cretaceous insect with a unique cephalo-thoracic scissor device"
578:
566:
470:
462:
437:(2018), and a more recent analysis similarly places Alienopteridae and
425:
by Bai et al., 2016. It was reassigned to the dictyopteran superfamily
227:
85:
50:
582:
446:
410:
176:
156:
90:
1213:
1331:
1236:
763:
752:
524:
450:
80:
75:
60:
55:
45:
540:
478:
95:
70:
1409:
517:
501:
494:
466:
461:
The majority of the alienopterid genera are known from the mid
398:
186:
166:
34:
30:
1130:
570:
539:
In a 2018 paper, some alienopterid adults were suggested as
1178:
Cihang Luo; Chunpeng Xu; Edmund A. Jarzembowski (2020). "
552:
548:
851:
849:
847:
845:
774:
s, originally described as alienopterids, to the family
891:
842:
585:
forewings being an adaptation for flight capability.
234:
974:
809:
1454:
766:. Luo, Xu & Jarzembowski (2020) transferred
115:Generic reconstruction of an alienopterid adult
751:An undescribed species is also known from the
1437:
1050:
421:It was originally assigned to its own order
1444:
1430:
921:
120:
106:
1068:
1027:
559:ants, and suggested that the adult genus
927:
445:, but placing both lineages outside of
1455:
1218:
1217:
1396:
1126:
1124:
805:
803:
801:
799:
797:
795:
429:as sister family to the beetle-like
968:
934:Journal of Systematic Palaeontology
481:; though an additional two genera (
397:, known from the Mid-Cretaceous to
13:
14:
1484:
1121:
792:
1400:
1149:10.11646/palaeoentomology.2.5.10
778:. A 2021 study later considered
504:), and the two youngest genera (
143:
38:
1171:
828:10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103914
456:
1085:
1044:
1003:
885:
404:
1:
1196:10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104702
946:10.1080/14772019.2018.1440440
785:
16:Extinct family of cockroaches
1416:. You can help Knowledge by
907:10.1016/j.palwor.2021.01.003
7:
1463:Prehistoric insect families
416:
10:
1489:
1395:
1107:10.2478/s11756-019-00412-x
1070:10.2478/s11756-019-00278-z
534:
1321:
1226:
1029:10.1016/j.cub.2017.12.031
930:Alienopterella stigmatica
871:10.2478/s11756-018-0117-3
716:Vršanský & Wang, 2018
588:
473:~ 100 million years ago)
377:
370:
258:
253:
233:
226:
140:Scientific classification
138:
128:
119:
114:
105:
23:
1473:Prehistoric insect stubs
997:10.1016/j.gr.2016.02.002
782:an umenocoleid instead.
657:Barna & Bigalk, 2018
620:Poinar & Brown, 2016
569:pollen (probably from a
393:is an extinct family of
134:, an alienopterid nymph
928:Kočárek, Petr (2018). "
603:Family †Alienopteridae
1412:-related article is a
1051:Jan Hinkelman (2019).
516:) are from the middle
441:as sister taxa within
1375:Paleobiology Database
1306:Paleobiology Database
816:Earth-Science Reviews
521:Green River Formation
742:Vršanský et al. 2018
599:Chen & Tan, 1973
493:) are from the late
453:(praying mantises).
1184:Cretaceous Research
1180:Enervipraeala nigra
989:2016GondR..39..317B
1190:: Article 104702.
1425:
1424:
1408:This prehistoric
1390:
1389:
1293:Open Tree of Life
1220:Taxon identifiers
1101:(10): 1613–1630.
1022:(3): 438–443.e1.
977:Gondwana Research
743:
732:
717:
706:
695:
684:
673:
658:
647:
632:
621:
610:
600:
388:
387:
222:
1480:
1446:
1439:
1432:
1404:
1397:
1383:
1382:
1370:
1369:
1357:
1356:
1355:
1342:
1341:
1340:
1314:
1313:
1301:
1300:
1288:
1287:
1275:
1274:
1262:
1261:
1260:
1247:
1246:
1245:
1215:
1214:
1208:
1207:
1175:
1169:
1168:
1137:Palaeoentomology
1128:
1119:
1118:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1072:
1048:
1042:
1041:
1031:
1007:
1001:
1000:
972:
966:
965:
925:
919:
918:
889:
883:
882:
865:(10): 987–1006.
853:
840:
839:
807:
741:
726:
715:
704:
693:
682:
679:Chimaeroblattina
667:
656:
641:
630:
619:
604:
598:
507:Chimaeroblattina
313:Chimaeroblattina
236:
216:
211:
198:
148:
147:
124:
110:
100:
37:
27:Temporal range:
21:
20:
1488:
1487:
1483:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1478:
1477:
1453:
1452:
1451:
1450:
1393:
1391:
1386:
1378:
1373:
1365:
1360:
1351:
1350:
1345:
1336:
1335:
1330:
1317:
1309:
1304:
1296:
1291:
1283:
1278:
1270:
1265:
1256:
1255:
1250:
1241:
1240:
1235:
1222:
1212:
1211:
1176:
1172:
1129:
1122:
1090:
1086:
1049:
1045:
1016:Current Biology
1008:
1004:
973:
969:
926:
922:
890:
886:
854:
843:
808:
793:
788:
776:Cratovitismidae
760:kimberlite pipe
694:Hinkelman, 2019
591:
537:
498:Crato Formation
459:
419:
407:
381:Aethiocarenidae
249:
242:
215:
209:
196:
142:
101:
99:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
43:
29:
28:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1486:
1476:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1449:
1448:
1441:
1434:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1405:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1384:
1371:
1358:
1343:
1327:
1325:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1315:
1302:
1289:
1276:
1263:
1258:Alienopteridae
1248:
1232:
1230:
1228:Alienopteridae
1224:
1223:
1210:
1209:
1170:
1143:(5): 465–473.
1120:
1084:
1043:
1002:
967:
920:
884:
841:
790:
789:
787:
784:
749:
748:
747:
746:
745:
744:
733:
718:
707:
696:
685:
674:
659:
648:
633:
627:Alienopterella
622:
596:Umenocoleoidea
590:
587:
575:bennettitalean
536:
533:
458:
455:
427:Umenocoleoidea
418:
415:
406:
403:
391:Alienopteridae
386:
385:
384:
383:
375:
374:
368:
367:
366:
365:
356:
348:
340:
332:
324:
316:
308:
300:
292:
284:
275:
272:Alienopterella
267:
256:
255:
251:
250:
243:
231:
230:
224:
223:
213:Alienopteridae
207:
203:
202:
200:Umenocoleoidea
194:
190:
189:
184:
180:
179:
174:
170:
169:
164:
160:
159:
154:
150:
149:
136:
135:
126:
125:
117:
116:
112:
111:
103:
102:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
39:
26:
24:Alienopteridae
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1485:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1447:
1442:
1440:
1435:
1433:
1428:
1427:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1406:
1403:
1399:
1398:
1394:
1381:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1363:
1359:
1354:
1348:
1344:
1339:
1333:
1329:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1312:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1268:
1264:
1259:
1253:
1249:
1244:
1238:
1234:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1216:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1174:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1127:
1125:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1088:
1080:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1047:
1039:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1006:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
971:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
924:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
888:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
852:
850:
848:
846:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
806:
804:
802:
800:
798:
796:
791:
783:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
762:sediments in
761:
758:
754:
740:
739:
734:
730:
725:
724:
719:
714:
713:
708:
705:Aristov, 2018
703:
702:
697:
692:
691:
690:Formicamendax
686:
681:
680:
675:
671:
666:
665:
660:
655:
654:
649:
645:
640:
639:
634:
631:Kočárek, 2018
629:
628:
623:
618:
617:
616:Aethiocarenus
612:
611:
608:
602:
601:
597:
594:Superfamily â€
593:
592:
586:
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
563:
558:
557:sphecomyrmine
554:
550:
546:
545:hymenopterans
542:
532:
530:
529:United States
526:
522:
519:
515:
514:
509:
508:
503:
499:
496:
492:
491:
486:
485:
480:
476:
475:Burmese amber
472:
468:
464:
454:
452:
448:
444:
440:
439:Umenocoleidae
436:
432:
431:Umenocoleidae
428:
424:
414:
412:
402:
400:
396:
395:dictyopterans
392:
382:
379:
378:
376:
373:
369:
363:
362:
357:
355:
354:
349:
347:
346:
341:
339:
338:
333:
331:
330:
325:
323:
322:
321:Formicamendax
317:
315:
314:
309:
307:
306:
301:
299:
298:
293:
291:
290:
285:
282:
281:
276:
274:
273:
268:
266:
265:
264:Aethiocarenus
260:
259:
257:
252:
247:
241:
240:
232:
229:
225:
220:
214:
208:
205:
204:
201:
195:
193:Superfamily:
192:
191:
188:
185:
182:
181:
178:
175:
172:
171:
168:
165:
162:
161:
158:
155:
152:
151:
146:
141:
137:
133:
132:
131:Aethiocarenus
127:
123:
118:
113:
109:
104:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
42:
36:
32:
22:
19:
1418:expanding it
1407:
1392:
1322:
1227:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1173:
1140:
1136:
1098:
1094:
1087:
1060:
1056:
1046:
1019:
1015:
1005:
980:
976:
970:
937:
933:
929:
923:
898:
894:
887:
862:
858:
819:
815:
780:Alienopterix
779:
771:
768:Alienopterix
767:
750:
736:
728:
721:
710:
699:
688:
677:
669:
664:Caputoraptor
662:
651:
643:
638:Alienopterus
636:
625:
614:
606:
560:
547:, including
538:
511:
505:
488:
482:
460:
457:Distribution
434:
433:by Vršanský
422:
420:
408:
390:
389:
380:
359:
351:
343:
335:
327:
319:
311:
305:Caputoraptor
303:
295:
289:Alienopterus
287:
280:Alienopterix
278:
270:
262:
245:
239:Alienopterus
237:
218:
212:
129:
18:
1468:Dictyoptera
1353:Alienoptera
1347:Wikispecies
1323:Alienoptera
1252:Wikispecies
983:: 317–326.
940:(6): 1–10.
901:: 121–130.
895:Palaeoworld
772:Vzrkadlenie
683:Barna, 2018
583:sclerotised
543:of various
443:Dictyoptera
423:Alienoptera
411:sclerotised
405:Description
361:Vzrkadlenie
1457:Categories
822:: 103914.
786:References
579:pollinator
567:gymnosperm
471:Cenomanian
469:-earliest
463:Cretaceous
228:Type genus
177:Arthropoda
1338:Q26713533
1243:Q26713557
1204:228921647
1165:208129206
1157:2624-2834
1115:210938183
1079:189776766
1063:: 83–92.
954:1477-2019
915:234208413
836:245601183
738:Vcelesvab
727:Vršanský
653:Apiblatta
490:Vcelesvab
484:Apiblatta
477:found in
447:Blattodea
353:Vcelesvab
297:Apiblatta
163:Kingdom:
157:Eukaryota
1367:11911606
1332:Wikidata
1285:11911730
1237:Wikidata
1095:Biologia
1057:Biologia
1038:29395923
962:90147082
879:52270212
859:Biologia
764:Botswana
753:Turonian
525:Colorado
465:(latest
451:Mantodea
417:Taxonomy
372:Synonyms
206:Family:
173:Phylum:
167:Animalia
153:Domain:
1298:7702089
1272:9450604
985:Bibcode
731:., 2018
672:., 2018
609:., 2016
535:Ecology
479:Myanmar
254:Genera
187:Insecta
183:Class:
1410:insect
1380:347280
1311:347281
1202:
1163:
1155:
1113:
1077:
1036:
960:
952:
913:
877:
834:
712:Meilia
646:. 2016
589:Genera
541:mimics
518:Eocene
502:Brazil
495:Aptian
467:Albian
435:et al.
399:Eocene
337:Meilia
248:, 2016
221:, 2016
35:Eocene
31:Aptian
1362:IRMNG
1280:IRMNG
1200:S2CID
1161:S2CID
1111:S2CID
1075:S2CID
958:S2CID
911:S2CID
875:S2CID
832:S2CID
757:Orapa
755:aged
729:et al
723:Teyia
701:Grant
670:et al
644:et al
607:et al
573:or a
571:cycad
562:Teyia
513:Grant
345:Teyia
329:Grant
246:et al
219:et al
1414:stub
1267:GBIF
1153:ISSN
1034:PMID
950:ISSN
770:and
668:Bai
642:Bai
605:Bai
553:ants
551:and
549:bees
510:and
487:and
244:Bai
217:Bai
41:Preęž’
1192:doi
1188:119
1145:doi
1103:doi
1065:doi
1024:doi
993:doi
942:doi
903:doi
867:doi
824:doi
820:225
531:).
1459::
1377::
1364::
1349::
1334::
1308::
1295::
1282::
1269::
1254::
1239::
1198:.
1186:.
1159:.
1151:.
1139:.
1135:.
1123:^
1109:.
1099:75
1097:.
1073:.
1061:75
1059:.
1055:.
1032:.
1020:28
1018:.
1014:.
991:.
981:39
979:.
956:.
948:.
938:17
936:.
909:.
899:31
897:.
873:.
863:73
861:.
844:^
830:.
818:.
814:.
794:^
527:,
91:Pg
1445:e
1438:t
1431:v
1420:.
1206:.
1194::
1167:.
1147::
1141:2
1117:.
1105::
1081:.
1067::
1040:.
1026::
999:.
995::
987::
964:.
944::
917:.
905::
881:.
869::
838:.
826::
735:â€
720:â€
709:â€
698:â€
687:â€
676:â€
661:â€
650:â€
635:â€
624:â€
613:â€
523:(
500:(
364:?
358:â€
350:â€
342:â€
334:â€
326:â€
318:â€
310:â€
302:â€
294:â€
286:â€
283:?
277:â€
269:â€
261:â€
235:â€
210:â€
197:â€
96:N
86:K
81:J
76:T
71:P
66:C
61:D
56:S
51:O
46:ęž’
33:-
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
