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Alice de Janzé

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deception, but when he refused my imploring that he remain with me longer I immediately determined on suicide. Then we took a last luncheon together and for the moment forgot the mental anguish. Afterward he said he would accompany me to shopping and I took him to an armorer's stone, where I bought a revolver and cartridges wrapped separately. Raymond's phlegmatic English type suspected nothing in this incident, evidently thinking that I was doing an errand for my husband. In the station washroom, I had an opportunity to load the weapon, which I still intended only to use on myself, then rejoined him on a compartment of the London express. It was during the anguish of the last moment's separation as we embraced that I suddenly acted on impulse. Slipping the revolver between us, I fired upon him, then upon myself.
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regained consciousness and made a brief statement. In an effort to protect Alice, he explained: "Why, Madame attempted suicide. I tried to stop her and the weapon was accidentally discharged. A deplorable accident, surely... but yet, an accident!" before lapsing into unconsciousness again. Alice's condition quickly improved and she was first able to talk with relatives on 30 March. She officially confessed to the shootings in a signed statement on 2 April, in which she admitted to having attempted suicide numerous times in her life, declaring: "I wanted to kill myself, for I have always had ideas of suicide. From time to time, and without reason, I have wanted to die."
268: 577:. Her mother-in-law advised her to think of her two daughters and do nothing she might later regret. Alice soon returned to Kenya and her lover. Hoping to keep the extramarital affair from becoming a scandal, her mother-in-law loaned Alice a furnished flat in a quiet street in Paris to use as a "love nest" with de Trafford. Under pressure from his family, Frédéric quickly sued for divorce. 794:, a good friend of Lord Erroll. She also resumed her affair with the Earl. Months later, living in Paris and growing indignant about the rumours, she publicly refuted that she had been asked to leave Kenya. It was not until years later that Alice was able to return, thanks to the intervention of both de Janzé and de Trafford, who convinced the Kenyan Government to re-admit her. 718:
1927, on the charge of assault, after her celebrated advocate, René Mettetal, convinced the examining magistrate that she was mentally irresponsible at the time she shot de Trafford. When de Trafford was asked if he wanted to press charges against the countess, he expressed surprise and annoyance at the idea, claiming that his wounding was an accident that he himself caused:
713:... The whistle of London Express blew, and I realized that he was going away from Paris – and from me forever – I suddenly changed my mind and resolved to take him away with me into the Great Beyond. Slowly – very slowly – I loosened my grip around his neck, placed the revolver between our two bodies, and, as the train started, fired twice – into his chest and my own body. 728:
suicide a total of four times throughout her life. When asked why she took the gun with her to the railway station, Alice replied: "To kill myself. And I nearly succeeded. Didn't I shoot myself in the stomach, like poor Raymond?" She also made her plea that she be acquitted so as to not disgrace the de Janzé family name.
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on 24 December 2006 at the age of 82. After giving birth to Guillaume de Rougemont (26 October 1945 – 3 May 2020), whose father probably died in 1945, she married twice: with Walt Hayden, born 1888, she had Arthur Hayden (1947), Moya Hayden (1950) and possibly Pierre. In 1955 she married secondly the
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During this time Alice, who now had severe financial reversals, took over the management of a gown shop in Paris under the name of "Gloria Bocher", but soon lost both interest and money in the venture. Her marriage also rapidly collapsed, ending only three months after the wedding when the couple got
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Around this time, Alice resumed her love affair with de Trafford, the man she had almost killed. A rumour that the couple would soon have a quiet wedding in Paris was first circulated in May 1927, then in September of that same year and later in January 1928. Alice's lawyer denied any such plans, and
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As we were about to part – she was kissing me – I told her that I loved her, and again whispered to her not to take my decision as irrevocable. I even told her that we would meet again. As she was leaving me she attempted suicide. But a movement on my part caused the weapon to be deflected. I am sure
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Thanks to the intervention of her aunt Francis May, Alice vanished from the public eye, hidden in a nursing home close to Paris in preparation for the impending trial. Her lawyers attempted, without success, to have the charges against her dismissed. She was tried by the Paris Tribunal on 23 December
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On 9 April, de Trafford returned to London by a private aeroplane, declaring to French authorities that he did not wish to take any action against Alice, although he would return to Paris if his testimony was needed. Meanwhile, Alice was held in Saint Lazare, a prison for women. Her cell, No. 12, had
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De Trafford spent several days in a hospital in critical condition. Alice is reported to have screamed "But he must live! I want him to live!" when she heard the news that de Trafford was too seriously wounded to survive. Her own wound was initially overlooked by doctors during the confusion. Despite
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Alice's defense attorney pleaded that the countess' chronic melancholy and tuberculosis had "deadened her intelligence". He also read a letter from her childhood friend, American heiress Mary Landon Baker, in which Baker claimed that Alice suffered from extreme melancholia and that she had attempted
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I met Raymond in Kenya colony, East Africa and became his mistress. It was agreed that I would obtain a divorce to marry him. But gradually he withdrew from the bargain and came to see me in Paris on March 25 to announce that his family was opposed to the match. I already had suffered from the great
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Alice claimed to feel regret about shooting de Trafford, who was said to be on the brink of death, but did not offer an explanation, telling a police official who was permitted to see her: "I decided to shoot him just as the train was leaving. Why is my own secret. Don't ask me." De Trafford finally
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In an attempt to minimize the situation, a statement was released to the press by Alice's family, assuring the public that there was nothing in the double shooting that "casts discredit upon the names of Armour and Silverthorne, which have been honored in America many generations, nor anything which
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a few hours later, as de Trafford was bidding farewell to her in his train compartment before he left for London by an express boat train, she pulled the revolver from her purse and shot him in the stomach, puncturing his lung. She then shot herself in the stomach. The train conductor reported that
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to her father, until one of her uncles intervened and took the case to the court. Paul Spicer disagrees that her relationship with her father was improper. Regardless of the court decision, after 14-year-old Alice came to live with the Armours in New York, she then openly traveled with her father to
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In 1941, she was one of several major suspects in the murder in Kenya of her friend and former lover, Lord Erroll. After several previous suicide attempts, she died of a self-inflicted gunshot in September 1941. Her personality has been referenced both in fiction and non-fiction, most notably in the
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A week later, on 30 September, two days after turning 42, Alice succeeded in ending her life. A servant found her dead on her bed from a self-inflicted gunshot wound, from the same weapon she had once used on Raymond and herself. It was not the first suicide in her family: her cousin, John Hellyer
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was officially charged with Lord Erroll's murder. Delves Broughton had been aware of a passionate love affair between his young wife, Diana, and Erroll, in the months before his murder. Alice paid regular visits to Delves Broughton in prison, and, with her friend Idina, the late Errol's first wife,
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On the morning after Erroll's body was discovered, Alice went to the morgue with a friend to see his body. According to eyewitnesses, she stunned those in attendance by leaving a tree branch on Erroll's corpse, and whispering the words: "Now you are mine forever." Eyewitness and close friend Julian
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Alice now rarely visited her children in France. Years later, Nolwén would state that she did not feel bitterness or hostility for her mother during their brief meetings, but would actually be fascinated by this virtually unknown woman who brought with her an air of mystique, owing to her permanent
818:, with cruelty and desertion. It took her two years to obtain his signature, and the divorce procedure was reported to begin in September 1934, but did not go forward. Alice may have changed her mind, but she again officially filed for divorce in May 1937, winning an uncontested suit and a grant of 731:
Alice received a suspended sentence of six months in prison and a fine of 100 francs (approximately four U.S. dollars) by the Paris Correctional Court, who rebuked de Trafford for his failure to deliver his promise to marry her, out of fear of losing the family allowance. Although it was criticized
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Wide eyes so calm, short slick hair, full red lips, a body to desire. The powerful hands clutch and wave along the mandolin and the crooning somnolent melody breaks; her throat trembles and her gleaming shoulders droop. That weird soul of mixtures is at the door! her cruelty and lascivious thoughts
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With her father's encouragement, Alice was introduced to wild social life in her early adolescence. She was one of the more prominent socialites of Chicago, frequenting the fashionable nightclubs of the time. Her father also took her on several European tours and encouraged her image as a prominent
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that as an actress Alice de Janzé was a difficult character for her to portray. When she first arrived in Kenya, Miles sought people who knew de Janzé but was unable to learn anything substantial due to those acquaintances' confused perceptions of the woman; some were even uncertain as to her true
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Alice left three suicide notes, one addressed to the police, one to her daughters and one to Dickie Pembroke. The content of the letters was never publicly disclosed, fuelling rumours that they contained revelations into the Errol murder. A government official, summoned to examine her possessions,
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Unlike many other American heiresses of the period, Alice had not allowed her family to arrange an advantageous match for her, choosing to take the initiative and pursue a romance with Frédéric de Janzé on her own. After a romance of three weeks, the couple married on 21 September 1921 in Chicago,
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Contrary to her wishes, William Silverthorne quickly remarried in 1908 and had five children with his second wife, Louise Mattocks. Many of their children did not survive; Alice's half-siblings included William Jr. (1912–1976), Victoria Louise (died in infancy in 1914), Patricia (1915–?), Lawrence
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Alice confided to de Trafford that she had purchased the cottage in Happy Valley where they used to rendezvous at the start of their affair, deciding that it would be perfect for their honeymoon. The idea did not appeal to her new husband; during the course of the argument, Alice absent-mindedly
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and became president of the Incorporated Society of London Fashion Designers in the 1950s. From her first marriage in 1948 (divorce 1957) to Lionel Armand-Delille (1913-2007) at Maillebois she had two children, a daughter Angélique and a son Frédéric Armand-Delille. In 1981, Angelique worked as
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Following the public ordeal, de Trafford advised Alice against returning to London for a while. In early 1928, she returned to Kenya, but, in light of her public scandal, was soon ordered by Government House to leave the country as an "undesirable alien". In the following weeks, until she could
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was reportedly dumbfounded when he came across the letters. After a long, secret meeting among officials, it was decided that the content of her papers and letters would not be made public. What did become known is that she had requested that her friends hold a cocktail party on her grave.
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mentions a suspicious incident regarding Alice de Janzé and her possible connection to the crime. A few months after the murder, Alice went away for a few days and asked a neighbour to look after her house. In her absence, one of Alice's houseboys came to the neighbour, and produced a
1027:. Radford was reportedly drawn to the story primarily due to an incident attributed to Alice, in which she had once flung open the shutters of her window in her house in Kenya and remarked: "Oh, God. Not another fucking beautiful day." Radford incorporated this scene into the film. 477:
quarter. They had two daughters, Nolwén Louise Alice de Janzé (20 June 1922 – 7 March 1989) and Paola Marie Jeanne de Janzé (1 June 1924 – 24 December 2006). Alice was a neglectful mother and Frédéric was a neglectful father; the children were primarily brought up in their family's
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and spoke of buying a house in London. Alice commented on her affair with de Trafford: "We were deeply in love. It was arranged that we should marry", although it has been suggested that Alice literally pursued de Trafford for three years before she finally got him to marry her.
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by some newspapers, this lenient decision may have been influenced by the revelation concerning Alice's frequent suicide attempts, de Trafford's taking responsibility for her state of mind, and the public's sympathetic view of her as the tragic victim of a true
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Following the divorce, Alice considered permanently returning to Chicago; however friends advised her against it, pointing out how the shooting scandal had made her a "marked woman" in her native land. Accepting her notoriety, Alice returned to the world of
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On the morning of 25 March 1927, Alice awoke in an agitated state in her Paris home, according to the later testimony of her maid. That afternoon, when Alice and Raymond de Trafford met, he informed her that he would not be able to marry her as his strict
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Paul Spicer theorizes that Alice de Janzé was the actual murderer of Lord Erroll, based on several letters that Alice's personal doctor and former lover, William Boyle, discovered in her house on the day of her death, and later handed over to the police.
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Even among the scandalous residents of Happy Valley, Alice was soon known as "the wicked Madonna" for her beauty, sarcastic sense of humour, and unpredictable mood swings. She was known for speaking passionately about animal rights as well as playing the
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That December, Alice shocked both the Count and the newspapers when she declared that she would remarry her husband for "the sake of the children"; she later retracted her statement. The civil divorce was followed by an annulment of the marriage by the
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could induce a French jury to render a verdict of conviction". Her aunt Mrs George Silverthorne told a reporter: "It cannot be Alice. She and her husband were so happy together, and such a thing would be impossible. There must be some mistake."
1828:"AMERICAN COUNTESS SHOOTS ENGLISHMAN AND SELF IN PARIS; Former Alice Silverthorne of Chicago and Raymond de Trafford in Grave State. ESTRANGED FROM HUSBAND Shooting Takes Place on Train Just Before Departure for Cross-Channel Steamer" 870:
because she had spent an intimate night with Dickie Pembroke, another Happy Valley resident, due to her drug habits, her romantic attachment to Errol, and her previous attempt to kill a paramour, she was immediately regarded as the
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reached into her purse, prompting a terrified de Trafford to flee, fearing a new murder attempt. Alice later claimed she had no pistol in her purse, nor had she the intention of shooting him, but instead wanted to powder her nose.
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In 1927, she made international news when she shot her lover Raymond de Trafford in a Paris railway station and then turned the gun on herself; they both survived. Alice de Janzé stood trial and was fined a small amount, and later
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In 1919, Alice moved back to Chicago to live with her aunts, Mrs Francis E. May (née Alice Chapin) and Mrs Josephine Chapin. Two years later, Alice moved to Paris, where she briefly worked as director of the model department in
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That autumn, in an attempt to save his marriage, Frédéric returned to Paris with Alice; he was unsuccessful. Alice visited Frédéric's mother; revealing that she was in love with de Trafford, she asked her help in obtaining a
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The de Janzés later returned to Happy Valley in 1926. While Frédéric distracted himself with lion hunting, Alice began a love affair with British aristocrat Raymond Vincent de Trafford (28 January 1900 – 14 May 1971), son of
758:, on the grounds of desertion, by the Paris Tribunal on 15 June 1927. While no mention was made of the Gare du Nord episode, Alice was to receive no alimony and Frédéric was granted custody of their two children. 663:, illustrated their reports of the shooting incident with pictures not of Alice, but of her sister-in-law Vicomtesse Phillis Meeta de Janzé. The viscountess promptly sued them for libel and received a settlement. 626:
initial reports that spoke of her also being gravely injured, her wounds were quite superficial. One journalist reported that "she had shot herself very gently". Both Alice and de Trafford were transferred to the
866:. Errol's serial philandering contributed to the persistent rumour that the perpetrator was a woman. Police duly interrogated all of Erroll's closest acquaintances, including Alice de Janzé. Although she had an 1019:, which examined the events surrounding the murder of Lord Erroll, the Happy Valley set, and their notorious life before and after the event. In 1987, the book was adapted into an eponymous film, directed by 321:
Paul Spicer argues that her death was a result of being locked out of the house by her husband during a freezing night six months earlier. Alice, who inherited a large estate from her mother, was herself an
838:, located on the banks of the River Wanjohi. She spent the following years reading and taking care of her animals, which included lions, panthers and antelopes. She became addicted to drugs, particularly 473:
Following the ceremony, Alice's aunt, Mrs J. Ogden Armour, turned over the Armour estate on Long Island to the couple, where they spent two weeks before deciding to permanently settle in Paris, in the
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from birth. Following her mother's death, Alice was raised by a German governess in large houses in New York; her alcoholic father was frequently absent due to his professional obligations.
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clutch the thick lips on close white teeth. She holds us with her song, and her body sways towards ours. No man will touch her exclusive soul, shadowy with memories, unstable, suicidal.
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In the Happy Valley, the de Janzés were neighbours to the Errolls. Frédéric de Janzé documented his time in Happy Valley and all the eccentric personalities he met there in his book,
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based Alice de Janzé and several other members of the Happy Valley set as the protagonists in his fictional story "The Happy Valley at the End of the World", part of his collection,
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by stating that the content of Alice's letters were such as to merit their being destroyed, because they constituted damaging revelations of a social and political nature.
2938: 2782: 1000: 736:. Even the prosecuting attorney insisted upon leniency and declared that "I should not like to bear de Trafford's responsibility for a broken heart and a disrupted home". 2737: 2767: 2752: 1960: 1946: 1743: 2053: 1416:, 16 September 1987. Kilian, Michael. "Shrink to Fit? What Ever Happened to Good, Old-Fashioned Lunacy? Now, Even New Yorkers are Buying into the Therapy Fad", p. 6 2626: 2840: 2572: 2306: 1536: 1776: 964:, her death was officially ruled a suicide; the finding was delayed due to the difficulty in obtaining evidence. The coroner also concluded there was no sign of 2517: 2406: 2346: 2163: 2067: 1808: 1728: 1293: 2421: 2178: 986:
Writer Joseph Broccoli conjectures that Alice de Janzé and the 1927 shooting served as a source of inspiration for Maria Wallis and the shooting incident in
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properly organize her departure and wanting a relatively peaceful place where she could rest after the ordeal, she stayed for a while at the house of writer
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him if he followed through with the plan. The couple later visited a sporting equipment shop together, where Alice bought a gold-mounted, pearl-handled
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Lezzard suspected that Alice was the murderer, since it fitted with her morbid preoccupations; it was rumoured that Alice had admitted to the killing.
2104: 1827: 1492: 1428:, Sunday Magazine, 20 August 1986. Kilian, Michael. "Unhappy Endings When Chicago and Europe Play at Love, the Consequences Can be Disastrous", p. 14 303: 2478: 3179: 3024: 1057:(2003) in which various members of the Happy Valley set, including Alice, are suspects in a fictional murder case in 1920s Kenya. Similarly, 470:
with her new husband reportedly finding her 'Silverthorne' surname so charming that he regretted their marriage would take it away from her.
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officer John Ciechanowski (1921-2008), who had participated in the Normandy Landings, became a well known jockey and later trainer at the
1053:(1988), in which a character boasts of having taken her virginity, and included her as a character in another novel of historical fiction 1328: 371:
of her; an uncle from her mother's side assumed the role of her legal guardian and then proceeded to place her at a boarding school in
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of colonials. She was connected with several scandals, including the attempted murder of her lover in 1927, and the 1941 murder of the
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on 26 July 1928; Frédéric's attorneys then warned every newspaper in England never to refer to Alice as Countess de Janzé again.
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Under the First Offenders Act, Alice was immediately released, and on 13 April 1929 she received a full presidential pardon from
3129: 3051: 1103:. After Nolwén's second marriage (1961) to Edward Dennis Rice (1899-1974) at Dane Court, Nolwén in 1977 married the well known 1253:, Sunday Magazine, 26 May 1996. "Hey Lady! Britain's Beleaguered Princess Ain't Seen Nothin' Yet – Chicago's Rendition", p. 14 1218: 630:. Alice's relatives rushed to the hospital and attempted to have her transferred to a private clinic, but were stopped by the 3189: 2714: 1671: 1627: 554: 425: 842:. She was avoided by certain members of the community due to her mood swings and the shooting incident; her friend, aviator 3164: 1383: 500:. Some time later, the young Lord and Lady Erroll invited the de Janzés to spend some time in their home in the so-called ' 3139: 798:
no wedding took place. The rumour surfaced again in April 1930. Ultimately, the couple married on 22 February 1932 in
333:(1918–1923), and an unnamed girl who died in infancy in 1910. William later divorced Mattocks and married twice more. 2867: 859: 744: 489: 186: 3174: 2164:"As the Fabulous French Women's Prison Falls After 14 Years, Comes the First Look-in on its Million Secrets", 1562: 3079: 879:
of Happy Valley. It was also rumoured that she had attempted suicide on hearing the news of Erroll's death.
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The incident made headlines all over the world. Some confusion was caused when five British newspapers, the
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Fashion designer Edward Finney's Spring/Summer Collection 2012 was inspired by the life of Alice de Janzé.
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into a heated argument in the compartment of an English railroad train over their honeymoon destination.
512:. This enclave had become notorious among socialites in the UK for being a community for those seeking a 392:, where Kilian claims William Silverthorne openly sported her as his mistress and allowed her to keep a 3149: 2942:, 22 May 1988. Gross, John. "Two New Movies Suggest that Shock Tactics are Best Muted In a Work of Art" 910:
attended every day of the trial. In July 1941, Delves Broughton was acquitted due to lack of evidence.
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Silverthorne had also committed suicide by gunshot in his home in Chicago in 1933, at the age of 26.
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The film adaptation makes much of Alice's eccentricities, including scenes in which she watches a
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In 1982, Alice de Janzé's life was prominently featured in the investigative non-fiction book
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Take It from the Brits: After Decades of Civility, America is Due for Some Decadence", p. 10
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A Question of Evidence: The Casebook of Great Forensic Controversies, from Napoleon to O.J.
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and is inspired by the story of de Janzé, making reference to her suicide with the lyric
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Alice officially sought a divorce in November 1932, charging Raymond, who had fled to
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and other races, Frédéric also frequented literary circles and was close friends with
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Alice's elder daughter Nolwen, later Lady Clark, became a fashion designer after the
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match with a snake twined around her shoulders, or doses herself with a syringe of
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that she did not intentionally fire at me. The accident was due to my imprudence.
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when he opened the compartment door, Alice gasped "I did it" and then collapsed.
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but did not become preoccupied by it, although years later he would refer to the
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as a pet. In later years, she was famous for parading the animal up and down the
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meatpacking brand, at that time the largest food products company in the world.
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by the French state. She went on to marry, and later divorce, the man she shot.
1173: 946: 934: 389: 376: 224:. In the mid-1920s, she was introduced to the Happy Valley set, a community of 446:, a well-known French racing driver and heir to an old aristocratic family in 3103: 1107: 1104: 942: 872: 846:, later disclosed: "Loneliness fixed Alice. Everyone was frightened of her." 843: 566: 455: 393: 368: 201: 165:(née Silverthorne; 28 September 1899 – 30 September 1941), also known as the 1704:
The Life and Death of Lord Erroll: The Truth Behind the Happy Valley Murder
938: 791: 645: 618: 590: 497: 326: 323: 314: 784: 508:, a community of British colonials living in the Wanjohi Valley, near the 32: 1024: 819: 631: 561:, although they promptly returned. Frédéric was aware of his wife's open 517: 361: 357: 256: 228: 2908: 1715:"Chicago Countess and Dashing Briton She Shot Are Near Death in Paris", 1387:. 27 April 2010. Grice, Elizabeth. "Is This the Happy Valley Murderer?" 1141: 903: 607: 562: 433: 318: 1440:, 1 October 1941. "Chicago Tragic Countess Slain in East Africa", p. 1 922: 1950:, 28 March 1927. "Countess Shoots Englishman and Self in Paris", p. 1 1133: 815: 770: 698: 384: 350: 267: 205: 189:
in Kenya. Her life was marked by promiscuity, drug abuse and several
2925:, 23 May 1988. Battiata, Mary. "John Hurt into Africa; After Making 1747:, 28 March 1927. "Countess Shot Englishman and Self in Paris", p. 13 424:(Alice's second and first husband respectively), Alice de Janzé and 1137: 1120: 1035: 965: 896: 839: 823: 774: 763: 611: 603: 513: 447: 336: 232: 1672:
Osborne, Frances. "Sex Games and Murder in Idina's Happy Valley",
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family, she was a multi-millionaire heiress. She married into the
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Michael Kilian makes reference to Alice de Janzé in his novel of
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hosted several notorious female criminals in the past, including
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relationship with his adolescent daughter, in which she lost her
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Picnic in a Foreign Land: The Eccentric Lives of the Anglo-Irish
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Reader's Companion to F. Scott Fitzgerald's Tender Is the Night
2407:"Chased Him 3 Years to Marry – Chased Him 3 Years to Divorce", 1148:; with him she had a son, Alexander Ciechanowski, born in 1956. 862:
was found shot to death in his car, at an intersection outside
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F. Scott Fitzgerald: A Lirerary Reference to his Life and Work
412: 2057:, April 9, 1927. "Countess de Janzé Makes Declaration", p. 11 1452:, 16 June 1927. "De Janzés Divorced by Paris Tribunal", p. 56 1338:
The Tempress: The Scandalous Life of Alice, Countess de Janze
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A newspaper article reporting the shooting incident at the
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In 1925, the couple first met and became good friends with
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in Kenya, 1926. From left to right: Raymond de Trafford,
2841:"Verdict of Suicide Returned in Death of Armour Niece", 2573:"News and Views of Recent Events in the British Isles", 1895:"American Countess Shoots Self After Woonding Admirer", 1205:, 18 November 1897. "Mrs. Chapin Leaves $ 500,000", p. 1 2862:. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, p. 91. 1068:
The music band Building released a song in their album
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1928–1941: Second marriage, divorce and return to Kenya
2956:, 29 April 1988. van Gelder, Lawrence. "At the Movies" 2139: 1809:"Fined the Countess 4$ For Shooting Her Boy-Friend", 1590:"She Loved Him, Shot Him, Married Him, Divorced Him", 379:
believes this was because William Silverthorne had an
204:, Silverthorne was one of the most prominent American 2753:"Sir D. Broughton's Trial is Adjourned to April 7", 2738:"Leader of British Society Named on Murder Charge", 1164: 1162: 1038:
in the ladies' toilet. In 1988, Miles stated at the
2322:
Gossip: A History of High Society from 1920 to 1970
2292:
Gossip: A History of High Society from 1920 to 1970
2247:"Alice de Janzé to Go on Trial in Paris Tomorrow", 2121:
Gossip: A History of High Society from 1920 to 1970
1553:, 20 April 1922. "Wedding of Mary Baker is Delayed" 2709:, p. 88. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2123:, p. 33. New York: Coward, McCann & Geoghegan. 1563:Marnham, Patrick. "Dirty Work at the Crossroads", 593:. Pictured are de Janzé and her husband, Frédéric 485:in Normandy by governesses and Frédéric's sister. 306:district. Alice became a favourite of her cousin, 2265:"Alice de Janzé Kept from Cell by Man She Shot", 1482:, 27 March 1927. "Chicago Relatives Amazed", p. 9 1159: 826:with an unnamed co-respondent at a London hotel. 545:, and soon she began an affair with Lord Erroll, 298:William and Julia were married on 8 June 1892 in 3101: 2001:"Countess Gives First Story of Shooting Lover", 2827:"Young Society Husband Kills Himself in Home", 2532:"Lawyer Denies Alice de Janzé Plans to Marry", 2027:"Serve Countess with Homicide Attempt Papers", 853: 516:lifestyle, including drugs, alcohol and sexual 3041:Interview with Edward Finney at beatreview.com 2798: 2796: 2794: 2209:"Count de Janzé Divorces Wife, Who Shot Man", 1760:"Used Pistol Bullets Instead of Cupid Darts", 1687: 1685: 1683: 679:On 5 April, Alice was officially charged with 353:. These years of wild youth left Alice with a 3052:"Nolwen de Janze Clark, Fashion Designer, 65" 2653: 2651: 2402: 2400: 2398: 2396: 2360:"American Countess is Pardoned in Shooting", 2261: 2259: 2257: 1853: 1851: 1804: 1802: 1800: 1798: 1796: 1794: 1792: 1790: 1788: 1667: 1665: 1663: 1637: 1635: 1608:. London: Duckworth Press, 1928, Chapter VIII 1532: 1530: 1528: 1526: 1524: 1522: 1520: 1518: 1516: 1475: 1473: 1471: 1353: 1351: 1349: 1347: 1289: 1287: 1285: 1283: 1281: 1279: 1190:The History of the Silverthorn Family, Vol. 4 926:Article reporting de Janzé's sudden death in 569:with de Trafford as "the infernal triangle". 3025:"Interview with Edward Finney - Beat Review" 2929:in Kenya, The Actor Enjoys His New Domicile" 1729:"Paris Shocked Over Countess Love Tragedy", 1308: 1306: 1304: 1277: 1275: 1273: 1271: 1269: 1267: 1265: 1263: 1261: 1259: 1246: 1244: 1242: 1216:Illinois Statewide Marriage Index, 1763–1900 1184: 1182: 1086: 960:On 21 January 1942, following an inquest in 408:1919–1927: Marriage and the Happy Valley set 2946: 2791: 2205: 2203: 2081: 2079: 2014:"Countess Is Accused of Attempted Murder", 1822: 1820: 1680: 1174:http://www.ancestry.com/trees/awt/main.aspx 933:In August 1941, after being diagnosed with 2648: 2393: 2254: 2193:"Countess de Janzé is Temporarily Freed", 1848: 1785: 1756: 1754: 1722: 1660: 1632: 1584: 1513: 1468: 1344: 144: 1932⁠–⁠1937) 121: 1921⁠–⁠1927) 31: 3145:Recipients of French presidential pardons 2518:"American May Marry Britisher She Shot", 2479:L'Intermédiaire des chercheurs et curieux 1908:"Society Girl Shoots Lover and Herself", 1772: 1770: 1372:History of the Silverthorn Family, Vol. 4 1301: 1256: 1239: 1236:, 29 May 1892. "Month of Weddings", p. 10 1179: 1170:History of the Silverthorn Family, Vol. 4 1003:Sarah Miles portraying Alice de Janzé in 317:when Alice was eight years old, although 2783:"Broughton Acquitted of Murder Charge", 2460: 2458: 2373:"De Janzes Divorced by Paris Tribunal", 2200: 2076: 1975:"Countess Improves, Victim Near Death", 1817: 1400:, 1 June 1988. Kilian, Michael. "Making 1324: 1322: 998: 921: 584: 581:1927: The Gare du Nord shooting incident 411: 360:; it is possible that she suffered from 335: 266: 2884:. New York: Facts on File, Inc, p. 224" 2600:"Asks Paris Divorce from de Trafford", 2302: 2300: 1857:"Countess Reticent With Victim Dying", 1751: 1493:"Alice Silverthorne is Vicomte's Bride" 750:In the wake of the shooting scandal, a 634:because the countess was under arrest. 208:of her time. A relative of the wealthy 3102: 2932: 2136:, p. 143. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. 1767: 1374:. Chicago: DuBane's Print Shop, p. 562 1192:. Chicago: DuBane's Print Shop, p. 434 907:Sir Henry John "Jock" Delves Broughton 769:Frédéric died on 24 December 1933, in 313:Her mother died of complications from 2785:The Daily Times, Beaver and Rochester 2455: 2040:"Countess Explains Double Shooting", 1777:"First Shot Lover and then Herself", 1319: 555:Sir Humphrey de Trafford, 3rd Baronet 3180:People charged with attempted murder 2297: 1119:Her second daughter, Paola, died in 674: 231:in East Africa, notorious for their 1123:, close to the family property, in 271:Alice Silverthorne in Chicago, 1919 173:during her second marriage, was an 13: 2909:Internet Movie Database entry for 2858:& Baughman, Judith S. (1996). 2814:"An Ex-Countess Shot Found Dead", 2448:"Com. F. Janzé, Sportsman, Dead", 2068:"Plane Trip Made by de Trafford", 14: 3201: 3092:from the original on 14 May 2023. 2996:. Four Walls Eight Windows, p. 56 2682:The Life and Death of Lord Erroll 1921:"Paris Shooting Led to Despair", 1579:The Life and Death of Lord Erroll 169:during her first marriage and as 3072: 3044: 3017: 2999: 2986: 2973: 2960: 2916: 2902: 2872: 2849: 2834: 2821: 2808: 2776: 2761: 2746: 2731: 2719: 2699: 2687: 2613:"Divorce Suit Filed in London", 2386:"Americans Win Paris Divorces", 1961:"Countess Near Death of Wound", 1336:, 2 May 2010. Wilson, Frances. " 1110:(1903–83), director of London's 745:president of the French Republic 364:, a strain of bipolar disorder. 2675: 2663: 2635: 2620: 2607: 2594: 2581: 2566: 2551: 2539: 2526: 2511: 2498: 2485: 2470: 2442: 2430: 2415: 2380: 2367: 2354: 2340: 2327: 2315: 2285: 2272: 2241: 2229: 2216: 2187: 2172: 2157: 2126: 2113: 2091: 2061: 2047: 2034: 2021: 2008: 1995: 1982: 1969: 1954: 1940: 1928: 1915: 1902: 1889: 1877: 1864: 1737: 1709: 1697: 1647: 1612: 1597: 1571: 1556: 1544: 1485: 1455: 1443: 1431: 1419: 1407: 1391: 1377: 1364: 1097:picture assistant for the film 275:Alice Silverthorne was born in 141: 118: 3160:American expatriates in France 1227: 1209: 1195: 1176:. (free registration required) 1: 3130:People from Buffalo, New York 1152: 968:, but he further fuelled the 937:, Alice de Janzé underwent a 655:The Liverpool Evening Express 262: 255:, where she was portrayed by 3190:Suicides by firearm in Kenya 1870:"Countess de Janzé Weaker", 1370:Reed, Frank Fremont (1982). 1188:Reed, Frank Fremont (1982). 1168:Reed, Frank Fremont (1982). 854:1941: The Lord Erroll murder 490:Josslyn, 22nd Earl of Erroll 7: 3165:American emigrants to Kenya 2333:"Frees Countess de Janzé", 2222:"Will Try Countess Today", 2153:The Best Jail Cell in Paris 1577:Trzebinski, Erroll (2000). 886:In his investigative book, 651:The Liverpool Daily Courier 10: 3206: 3140:People with mood disorders 2134:Kenneth Clark: A Biography 979: 2992:Di Filippo, Paul (1998). 2641:Osborne, Frances (2009). 2587:Osborne, Frances (2009). 2107:28 September 2007 at the 1988:"Countess Janzé Better", 1653:Osborne, Frances (2009). 1087:Descendants and relatives 975: 660:Sheffield Daily Telegraph 606:family had threatened to 494:Idina, Countess of Erroll 152: 95: 87: 68: 42: 37:Pictured in Chicago, 1919 30: 23: 2979:Kilian, Michael (2003). 2966:Kilian, Michael (1989). 2856:Bruccoli, Joseph Matthew 2768:"Nairobi Murder Trial", 2132:Secrest, Meryle (1985). 1221:18 December 2007 at the 917: 2968:Dance on a Sinking Ship 2880:"Tate, Jo Mary (2007). 2705:Evans, Collins (2003). 2627:"Decree Nisi Granted", 2560:The Evening Independent 2482:, issue 643, June 2006. 2348:The Evening Independent 2119:Barrow, Andrew (1979). 1622:. Grafton: 2003, p. 54 1051:Dance on a Sinking Ship 902:In March 1941, British 646:The Manchester Guardian 450:. A participant in the 3175:1941 murders in Africa 2742:, p. 18, 11 March 1941 2506:The Charleston Gazette 2409:The Milwaukee Sentinel 2179:"De Janzé Asks Bail", 1762:The Milwaukee Sentinel 1581:, p. 76. Fourth Estate 1538:The Milwaukee Sentinel 1295:The Milwaukee Sentinel 1144:, reigning princes of 1008: 930: 725: 715: 694: 598: 538: 428: 426:The 3rd Baron Delamere 345: 342:Lake Geneva, Wisconsin 285:Philip Danforth Armour 272: 2843:The Milwaukee Journal 2757:, p. 9, 25 March 1941 2615:Chicago Daily Tribune 2577:, p. 21, 23 June 1939 2558:"Weds Man She Shot", 2534:Chicago Daily Tribune 2309:Palm Beach Daily News 2267:Chicago Daily Tribune 2003:Chicago Daily Tribune 1465:. Random House, p. 35 1361:. Random House, p. 40 1316:. Random House, p. 39 1002: 980:Further information: 928:The Vidette Messenger 925: 720: 711: 689: 628:Lariboisière Hospital 588: 533: 415: 398:Promenade des Anglais 367:Her father soon lost 339: 281:Erie County, New York 270: 216:in 1921 when she wed 2772:, p. 5, 10 June 1941 2740:The Pittsburgh Press 2629:The Montreal Gazette 2520:The Pittsburgh Press 2307:"Countess de Luxe", 2055:The Montreal Gazette 1963:The Pittsburgh Press 1948:The Montreal Gazette 1910:The Hartford Courant 1745:The Montreal Gazette 1078:"you died too young" 1040:Cannes Film Festival 858:On 24 January 1941, 703:Marguerite Steinheil 293:Armour & Company 289:Herman Ossian Armour 3170:White Kenyan people 3135:People from Chicago 3125:American socialites 3085:The Daily Telegraph 3080:"John Ciechanowski" 2923:The Washington Post 2508:, 15 September 1927 2504:"Shot Wins Hubby", 2411:, 16 September 1934 1977:The Washington Post 1897:The Washington Post 1604:De Janzé, Frédéric. 1592:The Oakland Tribune 1501:. 22 September 1921 1461:Fox, James (1983). 1357:Fox, James (1982). 993:Tender Is the Night 988:F. Scott Fitzgerald 970:conspiracy theories 452:24 Hours of Le Mans 344:, in September 1916 187:22nd Earl of Erroll 181:as a member of the 177:who spent years in 131:Raymond de Trafford 3057:The New York Times 2954:The New York Times 2940:The New York Times 2890:on 2 November 2012 2816:The New York Times 2770:The Glasgow Herald 2604:, 19 November 1932 2602:The New York Times 2575:The Ottawa Citizen 2562:, 20 February 1932 2452:, 25 December 1933 2450:The New York Times 2375:The New York Times 2335:The New York Times 2311:, 27 December 1927 2282:, 24 December 1927 2280:The New York Times 2269:, 24 December 1927 2251:, 22 December 1927 2238:, 17 December 1927 2226:, 23 December 1927 2224:The New York Times 2195:The New York Times 2042:The New York Times 2016:The New York Times 1990:The New York Times 1859:The New York Times 1833:The New York Times 1811:The Delmarvia Star 1764:, 18 February 1933 1594:, 12 December 1937 1498:The New York Times 1480:The New York Times 1450:The New York Times 1312:Fox James (1983). 1203:The New York Times 1048:historical fiction 1009: 931: 822:on the grounds of 707:Henriette Caillaux 599: 547:openly sharing him 510:Aberdare Mountains 429: 346: 273: 47:Alice Silverthorne 3150:Settlers of Kenya 3088:. 25 April 2008. 2983:. Berkley, p. 190 2970:. Bantam, p. 158. 2845:, 21 January 1942 2831:, 24 January 1933 2715:978-0-471-46268-2 2696:, p. 144, 159–160 2631:, 26 October 1937 2536:, 30 January 1928 2522:, 30 January 1928 2388:Los Angeles Times 1923:Los Angeles Times 1813:, 28 January 1928 1628:978-0-246-13204-8 1551:Los Angeles Times 1142:Al-Maktoum family 800:Neuilly-sur-Seine 756:Frédéric de Janzé 675:Trial and penalty 504:' in the British 444:Frédéric de Janzé 422:Frédéric de Janzé 218:Frédéric de Janzé 171:Alice de Trafford 167:Countess de Janzé 160: 159: 107:Frédéric de Janzé 72:30 September 1941 61:Buffalo, New York 57:28 September 1899 3197: 3094: 3093: 3076: 3070: 3069: 3067: 3065: 3048: 3042: 3040: 3038: 3036: 3027:. Archived from 3021: 3015: 3003: 2997: 2990: 2984: 2977: 2971: 2964: 2958: 2950: 2944: 2936: 2930: 2920: 2914: 2906: 2900: 2899: 2897: 2895: 2886:. Archived from 2876: 2870: 2853: 2847: 2838: 2832: 2825: 2819: 2818:, 1 October 1941 2812: 2806: 2800: 2789: 2780: 2774: 2765: 2759: 2750: 2744: 2735: 2729: 2723: 2717: 2703: 2697: 2691: 2685: 2679: 2673: 2667: 2661: 2655: 2646: 2639: 2633: 2624: 2618: 2611: 2605: 2598: 2592: 2585: 2579: 2570: 2564: 2555: 2549: 2543: 2537: 2530: 2524: 2515: 2509: 2502: 2496: 2489: 2483: 2474: 2468: 2462: 2453: 2446: 2440: 2434: 2428: 2419: 2413: 2404: 2391: 2384: 2378: 2371: 2365: 2358: 2352: 2344: 2338: 2331: 2325: 2319: 2313: 2304: 2295: 2289: 2283: 2276: 2270: 2263: 2252: 2245: 2239: 2233: 2227: 2220: 2214: 2207: 2198: 2191: 2185: 2176: 2170: 2161: 2155: 2150: 2137: 2130: 2124: 2117: 2111: 2102:, 22 August 1932 2095: 2089: 2083: 2074: 2065: 2059: 2051: 2045: 2038: 2032: 2025: 2019: 2012: 2006: 1999: 1993: 1986: 1980: 1973: 1967: 1958: 1952: 1944: 1938: 1932: 1926: 1919: 1913: 1906: 1900: 1899:, 27 March 1927. 1893: 1887: 1881: 1875: 1872:Hartford Courant 1868: 1862: 1855: 1846: 1845: 1843: 1841: 1824: 1815: 1806: 1783: 1774: 1765: 1758: 1749: 1741: 1735: 1726: 1720: 1713: 1707: 1701: 1695: 1689: 1678: 1669: 1658: 1651: 1645: 1639: 1630: 1616: 1610: 1601: 1595: 1588: 1582: 1575: 1569: 1560: 1554: 1548: 1542: 1534: 1511: 1510: 1508: 1506: 1489: 1483: 1477: 1466: 1459: 1453: 1447: 1441: 1435: 1429: 1423: 1417: 1411: 1405: 1395: 1389: 1381: 1375: 1368: 1362: 1355: 1342: 1334:The Sunday Times 1330:The Times Online 1326: 1317: 1310: 1299: 1291: 1254: 1248: 1237: 1231: 1225: 1213: 1207: 1199: 1193: 1186: 1177: 1166: 1112:National Gallery 947:pump her stomach 850:stay in Africa. 741:Gaston Doumergue 734:crime of passion 681:attempted murder 529:Happy Valley set 492:, and his wife, 464:Anna de Noailles 442:, until she met 418:Happy Valley set 373:Washington, D.C. 191:suicide attempts 183:Happy Valley set 175:American heiress 145: 143: 122: 120: 75: 56: 54: 35: 21: 20: 16:American heiress 3205: 3204: 3200: 3199: 3198: 3196: 3195: 3194: 3155:French nobility 3100: 3099: 3098: 3097: 3078: 3077: 3073: 3063: 3061: 3050: 3049: 3045: 3034: 3032: 3023: 3022: 3018: 3004: 3000: 2991: 2987: 2978: 2974: 2965: 2961: 2951: 2947: 2937: 2933: 2921: 2917: 2907: 2903: 2893: 2891: 2878: 2877: 2873: 2854: 2850: 2839: 2835: 2829:Chicago Tribune 2826: 2822: 2813: 2809: 2801: 2792: 2781: 2777: 2766: 2762: 2751: 2747: 2736: 2732: 2724: 2720: 2704: 2700: 2692: 2688: 2680: 2676: 2668: 2664: 2656: 2649: 2645:, p. 213. Knopf 2640: 2636: 2625: 2621: 2612: 2608: 2599: 2595: 2591:, p. 189. Knopf 2586: 2582: 2571: 2567: 2556: 2552: 2546:Syracuse Herald 2544: 2540: 2531: 2527: 2516: 2512: 2503: 2499: 2493:Chicago Tribune 2490: 2486: 2476:Title unknown, 2475: 2471: 2463: 2456: 2447: 2443: 2437:Chicago Tribune 2435: 2431: 2426:, 6 August 1928 2420: 2416: 2405: 2394: 2385: 2381: 2372: 2368: 2364:, 13 April 1929 2359: 2355: 2350:, 13 April 1929 2345: 2341: 2337:, 14 April 1929 2332: 2328: 2320: 2316: 2305: 2298: 2290: 2286: 2277: 2273: 2264: 2255: 2249:Chicago Tribune 2246: 2242: 2236:Chicago Tribune 2234: 2230: 2221: 2217: 2211:Chicago Tribune 2208: 2201: 2192: 2188: 2177: 2173: 2162: 2158: 2151: 2140: 2131: 2127: 2118: 2114: 2109:Wayback Machine 2096: 2092: 2086:Chicago Tribune 2084: 2077: 2072:, 18 April 1927 2066: 2062: 2052: 2048: 2039: 2035: 2029:Chicago Tribune 2026: 2022: 2013: 2009: 2000: 1996: 1992:, 31 March 1927 1987: 1983: 1979:, 31 March 1927 1974: 1970: 1965:, 28 March 1927 1959: 1955: 1945: 1941: 1933: 1929: 1920: 1916: 1912:, 27 March 1927 1907: 1903: 1894: 1890: 1884:Chicago Tribune 1882: 1878: 1869: 1865: 1861:, 28 March 1927 1856: 1849: 1839: 1837: 1836:. 27 March 1927 1826: 1825: 1818: 1807: 1786: 1781:, 28 March 1927 1775: 1768: 1759: 1752: 1742: 1738: 1727: 1723: 1719:, 28 March 1927 1717:Chicago Tribune 1714: 1710: 1702: 1698: 1690: 1681: 1670: 1661: 1657:, p. 132. Knopf 1652: 1648: 1640: 1633: 1617: 1613: 1602: 1598: 1589: 1585: 1576: 1572: 1567:, 18 March 2000 1561: 1557: 1549: 1545: 1535: 1514: 1504: 1502: 1491: 1490: 1486: 1478: 1469: 1460: 1456: 1448: 1444: 1438:Chicago Tribune 1436: 1432: 1426:Chicago Tribune 1424: 1420: 1414:Chicago Tribune 1412: 1408: 1398:Chicago Tribune 1396: 1392: 1382: 1378: 1369: 1365: 1356: 1345: 1327: 1320: 1311: 1302: 1292: 1257: 1251:Chicago Tribune 1249: 1240: 1234:Chicago Tribune 1232: 1228: 1223:Wayback Machine 1214: 1210: 1200: 1196: 1187: 1180: 1167: 1160: 1155: 1089: 1072:that is titled 1070:Second Building 1059:Paul Di Filippo 1021:Michael Radford 984: 978: 920: 877:white community 856: 787: 754:was granted to 677: 583: 506:Colony of Kenya 416:Members of the 410: 308:J. Ogden Armour 265: 253:film adaptation 214:French nobility 148: 147: 139: 135: 132: 124: 116: 112: 109: 83: 77: 73: 64: 58: 52: 50: 49: 48: 38: 26: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3203: 3193: 3192: 3187: 3182: 3177: 3172: 3167: 3162: 3157: 3152: 3147: 3142: 3137: 3132: 3127: 3122: 3117: 3112: 3096: 3095: 3071: 3060:. 9 March 1989 3043: 3031:on 24 May 2012 3016: 3008:Alice de Janze 2998: 2985: 2972: 2959: 2945: 2931: 2915: 2911:White Mischief 2901: 2871: 2848: 2833: 2820: 2807: 2803:White Mischief 2790: 2775: 2760: 2755:Ottawa Citizen 2745: 2730: 2726:White Mischief 2718: 2698: 2694:White Mischief 2686: 2674: 2670:White Mischief 2662: 2658:White Mischief 2647: 2634: 2619: 2606: 2593: 2580: 2565: 2550: 2548:, 7 April 1930 2538: 2525: 2510: 2497: 2484: 2469: 2465:White Mischief 2454: 2441: 2439:, 26 July 1928 2429: 2414: 2392: 2390:, 16 June 1927 2379: 2377:, 16 June 1927 2366: 2353: 2339: 2326: 2314: 2296: 2284: 2271: 2253: 2240: 2228: 2215: 2213:, 16 June 1927 2199: 2186: 2181:Herald-Journal 2171: 2168:, 19 June 1932 2166:The Miami News 2156: 2138: 2125: 2112: 2098:"Lazare Day", 2090: 2075: 2070:The Miami News 2060: 2046: 2044:, 9 April 1927 2033: 2031:, 5 April 1927 2020: 2018:, 5 April 1927 2007: 2005:, 3 April 1927 1994: 1981: 1968: 1953: 1939: 1927: 1914: 1901: 1888: 1886:, 7 April 1927 1876: 1863: 1847: 1816: 1784: 1779:Ottawa Citizen 1766: 1750: 1736: 1731:The Miami News 1721: 1708: 1696: 1692:White Mischief 1679: 1659: 1646: 1642:White Mischief 1631: 1618:Morrow, Anne. 1611: 1596: 1583: 1570: 1555: 1543: 1512: 1484: 1467: 1463:White Mischief 1454: 1442: 1430: 1418: 1406: 1390: 1376: 1363: 1359:White Mischief 1343: 1318: 1314:White Mischief 1300: 1255: 1238: 1226: 1208: 1194: 1178: 1157: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1150: 1149: 1128:former Polish 1116: 1115: 1088: 1085: 1074:Alice de Janze 1015:by journalist 1013:White Mischief 1005:White Mischief 982:White Mischief 977: 974: 935:uterine cancer 919: 916: 888:White Mischief 855: 852: 786: 783: 676: 673: 582: 579: 483:de Parfondeval 475:Champs-Élysées 460:Maurice Barrès 409: 406: 390:French Riviera 377:Michael Kilian 264: 261: 249:White Mischief 222:comte de Janzé 196:Growing up in 163:Alice de Janzé 158: 157: 154: 150: 149: 137: 133: 130: 129: 128: 127: 114: 110: 105: 104: 103: 102: 99: 97: 93: 92: 89: 85: 84: 78: 76:(aged 42) 70: 66: 65: 59: 46: 44: 40: 39: 36: 28: 27: 25:Alice de Janzé 24: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3202: 3191: 3188: 3186: 3185:Armour family 3183: 3181: 3178: 3176: 3173: 3171: 3168: 3166: 3163: 3161: 3158: 3156: 3153: 3151: 3148: 3146: 3143: 3141: 3138: 3136: 3133: 3131: 3128: 3126: 3123: 3121: 3118: 3116: 3115:1941 suicides 3113: 3111: 3108: 3107: 3105: 3091: 3087: 3086: 3081: 3075: 3059: 3058: 3053: 3047: 3030: 3026: 3020: 3013: 3010:. 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Index


Buffalo, New York
Gilgil
Frédéric de Janzé
American heiress
Kenya
Happy Valley set
22nd Earl of Erroll
suicide attempts
Chicago
New York
socialites
Armour
French nobility
Frédéric de Janzé
white
expatriates
hedonistic
pardoned
film adaptation
Sarah Miles

Buffalo
Erie County, New York
Philip Danforth Armour
Herman Ossian Armour
Armour & Company
Chicago
Gold Coast
J. Ogden Armour

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