31:
351:, second prototype), to evaluate the bicycle or tandem landing gear configuration. It used wider-diameter paired wheels in a tandem arrangement that retracted into the fuselage, along with small outrigger wheels under the engine nacelles which retracted into fairings. The main undercarriage of the I-215D also incorporated a kneeling feature which could increase the
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RD-20), but the ex-German engine's significantly inferior thrust rating meant that it would never meet the I-21's speed requirement. Even replacing the BMW 003 with the slightly more powerful (900 kgf (8.8 kN; 2,000 lbf)) Jumo 004 would not allow the I-210 to meet the speed requirement and the project was cancelled before any metal was cut.
339:
in the nose, and better protection for the pilot. The armament was revised to the originally specified N-37 guns, although the ammunition capacity was marginally increased to 35 rounds per gun. Despite good results from flight testing, the I-215 lost out in production orders to the newer generation
290:
Design work on the I-210 (I-21 version 0) was concurrent with the I-21, probably as a fall back for any lack of availability of the latter's TR-2 engines. The only significant difference was the substitution of 800 kgf (7.8 kN; 1,800 lbf) BMW 003 engines (or the reverse-engineered
294:
Construction of the first two airframes, designated as the I-211 (I-21 version 1), began at the end of 1946, under extreme pressure by the
Ministry of Aircraft Production to complete initial flight testing by 1 August 1947, to enable the aircraft to take part in the Aviation Day Flypast at
334:
TR-1 forced the redesign and enlargement of the nacelles to accommodate the larger engine. Other modifications included increasing the fuel capacity from 2,000 kg (4,400 lb) to 2,300 kg (5,100 lb), provision for a ranging
326:
V engines. Alekseyev took the opportunity to upgrade the aircraft to the I-215 configuration which had been in development since before the first flight of the I-211. The substitution of the
960:
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which also used the TR-1 engine. Repairs were carried out and the opportunity taken to replace the troublesome engines with imported 1,590 kgf (15.6 kN; 3,500 lbf)
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355:
of the aircraft by 3° to assist take-off. Trials with this undercarriage arrangement were successful and paved the way for its use in other Soviet aircraft, including Dr.
590:
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on 18 August. While one of the two airframes initially produced was used for static testing, the other was fitted with 1,300 kgf (13 kN; 2,900 lbf)
148:
were constructed with the designation of I-211, of which one was converted into the I-215 with more powerful engines. A third aircraft was built to evaluate the
78:
782:
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were fitted either side of the rear fuselage. Alekseyev initially planned to arm the aircraft with three 37-millimeter (1.5 in)
68:
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turbojet engines because the intended TR-2 was not available. The engines were mounted in the middle of the wing, with the wing
965:
975:
713:
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on landing, which collapsed the undercarriage. Even the limited amount of flight testing showed it to be faster than the
249:. The slightly swept tail unit was cruciform in layout with the tailplane set at approximately half-fin span with slight
749:
731:
352:
188:
directed
Alekseyev and other designers to develop jet fighters using more powerful engines than the captured German
314:
Flight testing started in late 1947, but only six test flights had been carried out before the I-211 struck a
152:
arrangement for use in other aircraft. The fighter was not accepted for production as it was inferior to the
744:
Green, William & Swanborough, Gordon. "The
Complete Book of Fighters". London: Salamander Books. 1994.
955:
224:
381:- The first flyable example completed as the I-211 with Lyul'ka TR-1 engines, rebuilt as the I-215.
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fighter. Despite pressure from above, the I-211 was unable to participate in the
Tushino display.
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8:
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2,000 kg (4,400 lb) (internal), 2,500 kg (5,500 lb) (with drop tanks)
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was fitted, using twin wheels for the nose and main landing gear. Hydraulically actuated
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and their Soviet-built copies. The result of
Alekseyev's efforts was the I-21 (Russian:
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393:- The re-built I-211 with Rolls-Royce Derwent V engines and other minor modifications.
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253:. The aircraft's structure was generally constructed from high-strength B-95
220:
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375:- The initial version with BMW 003 or Tumanskii RD-20 engines, project only.
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continued by banjo rings around the engines, much like those on the
British
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engines were mounted below the wings much like those on the German
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200:(fighter)), which was planned to be produced in several variants.
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axial-flow turbojet, 12.8 kN (2,870 lbf) thrust each
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283:, but later decided upon a pair of 23 mm (0.91 in)
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were used for some components. A hydraulically retractable
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wings, mid-set on a circular fuselage. The fighter's 1,500-
591:
List of military aircraft of the Soviet Union and the CIS
177:
961:
Abandoned military aircraft projects of the Soviet Union
797:
387:- I-211 with swept wing and unswept tail, project only.
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Gordon & Kommissarov 2014, pp. 410–11, 414–16, 422
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950 km/h (590 mph, 510 kn) at sea level
399:- Bicycle-undercarriage I-215 built to order of OKB-1.
176:, Semyon Alekseyev was appointed as Chief Designer of
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that could carry 250-kilogram (550 lb) bombs or
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564:
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Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
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692:Gordon & Kommissarov 2014, pp. 405–06, 415
683:Gordon & Kommissarov 2014, pp. 416–18, 422
257:, although high-strength steel and "Elektron"
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708:. Manchester, UK: Hikoki Publications, 2014.
790:
776:
628:
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521:5,000 m (16,000 ft) in 3 minutes
343:A second I-215 was built to an order from
704:Gordon, Yefim & Kommissarov, Dmitry.
670:
668:
658:
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632:Gordon & Kommissarov 2014, pp. 406–07
611:Gordon & Kommissarov 2014, pp. 405–06
503:1,550 km (960 mi, 840 nmi)
203:The I-21 was a twin-engined, all-metal,
16:Soviet prototype fighter aircraft family
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771:
662:Gordon & Kommissarov 2014, p. 422
641:Gordon & Kommissarov 2014, p. 410
620:Gordon & Kommissarov 2014, p. 415
607:
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433:11.54 m (37 ft 10 in)
798:Soviet straight-winged jet fighters
439:12.25 m (40 ft 2 in)
287:autocannon with 75 rounds per gun.
13:
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602:
515:27.78 m/s (5,469 ft/min)
186:Council of the People's Commissars
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987:
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404:Specifications (I-211 as tested)
29:
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445:25 m (270 sq ft)
237:fighter. Underneath the engine
144:, built in the late 1940s. Two
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635:
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537:2 × 23 mm (0.91 in)
509:13,600 m (44,600 ft)
466:7,400 kg (16,314 lb)
460:6,890 kg (15,190 lb)
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1:
966:1940s Soviet fighter aircraft
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976:Aircraft first flown in 1947
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207:jet fighter, with straight
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363:, then under development.
340:of swept-winged fighters.
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706:Early Soviet Jet Fighters
412:Early Soviet Jet Fighters
172:'s right-hand man during
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23:
726:. London: Osprey, 1995.
96:1947 after test flight.
674:Gunston 1995, pp. 16–17
418:General characteristics
180:-21 (design bureau) at
158:Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15
544:with 75 rounds per gun
539:Nudelman-Suranov NS-23
285:Nudelman-Suranov NS-23
266:tricycle undercarriage
762:I-215 at Ugolok Neba
235:Messerschmitt Me 262
150:bicycle landing gear
324:Rolls-Royce Derwent
956:Alekseyev aircraft
572:Sukhoi Su-9 (1946)
156:fighters like the
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942:
764:site (in Russian)
714:978-1-902109-35-0
519:Time to altitude:
168:After working as
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861:Mikoyan-Gurevich
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507:Service ceiling:
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79:Semyon Alekseyev
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48:Type of aircraft
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739:Further reading
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347:as the I-215D (
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123:Alekseyev I-212
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55:National origin
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59:Soviet Union
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892:Su-11 (1947)
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577:Soviet Union
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480:Lyul'ka TR-1
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361:Aircraft 150
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320:Sukhoi Su-11
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301:Lyul'ka TR-1
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209:laminar flow
202:
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174:World War II
167:
136:twin-engined
131:
129:
110:Number built
18:
887:Su-9 (1946)
488:Performance
476:Powerplant:
205:single-seat
164:Development
950:Categories
597:References
542:autocannon
443:Wing area:
332:axial-flow
277:autocannon
247:drop tanks
243:hardpoints
198:istrebitel
154:swept-wing
146:prototypes
104:Prototype
88:Late 1947
67:Alekseyev
828:Lavochkin
805:Alekseyev
575:– (
563:– (
437:Wingspan:
409:Data from
353:incidence
270:airbrakes
259:magnesium
255:duralumin
215:(15
170:Lavochkin
119:Variants
75:Designer
971:Twinjets
907:Yakovlev
549:See also
527:Armament
454:I-S10-11
367:Variants
349:dooblyor
251:dihedral
239:nacelles
231:turbojet
192:and the
190:Jumo 004
93:Retired
450:Airfoil
431:Length:
316:pothole
297:Tushino
225:Lyul'ka
194:BMW 003
182:Gor'kiy
142:fighter
101:Status
45:fighter
930:Yak-23
925:Yak-19
920:Yak-17
915:Yak-15
879:Sukhoi
851:La-156
846:La-154
841:La-152
836:La-150
748:
730:
712:
397:I-215D
385:I-211S
281:rounds
184:. The
69:OKB-21
897:Su-13
869:MiG-9
818:I-212
535:Guns:
425:Crew:
391:I-215
379:I-211
373:I-210
345:OKB-1
337:radar
305:spars
262:alloy
241:were
38:Role
24:I-21
813:I-21
746:ISBN
728:ISBN
710:ISBN
478:2 ×
228:TR-2
130:The
359:'s
221:lbf
178:OKB
139:jet
42:Jet
952::
722:.
667:^
655:^
625:^
604:^
223:)
217:kN
160:.
114:3
791:e
784:t
777:v
734:.
716:.
579:)
567:)
452::
427:1
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