Airliner - Knowledge

166: 2840: 518: 958: 1160: 875: 1639: 764: 38: 1631: 3009: 3155: 5889: 5878: 5867: 5856: 5845: 5834: 5823: 5812: 3187: 588: 1072: 3171: 3144: 1461: 3056:. By using a chemical reaction rather than a connection to an oxygen tank, these devices supply breathing oxygen for long enough for the airliner to descend to thicker, more breathable air. Oxygen generators do generate considerable heat in the process. Because of this, the oxygen generators are thermally shielded and are only allowed in commercial airliners when properly installed – they are not permitted to be loaded as freight on passenger-carrying flights. 3020:

Over time, overhead bins evolved out of what were originally overhead shelves that were used for little more than coat and briefcase storage. As concerns about falling debris during turbulence or in accidents increased, enclosed bins became the norm. Bins have increased in size to accommodate the larger carry-on baggage passengers can bring onto the aircraft. Newer bin designs have included a handrail, useful when moving through the cabin.

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not suffer ill effects up to an altitude of 1,800–2,500 m (5,900–8,200 ft), and maintaining cabin pressure at this equivalent altitude significantly reduces the pressure difference and therefore the required hull strength and weight. A side effect is that passengers experience some discomfort as the cabin pressure changes during ascent and descent to the majority of airports, which are at low altitudes.

1231: 2932:(which may be referred to as coach class or tourist class, and sometimes has a separate "premium" economy section with more legroom and amenities). The seats in more expensive classes are wider, more comfortable, and have more amenities such as "lie flat" seats for more comfortable sleeping on long flights. Generally, the more expensive the class, the better the beverage and meal service. 728:, not well understood at the time. The Comet was grounded and tested to discover the cause, while rival manufacturers heeded the lessons learned while developing their own aircraft. The improved Comet 2 and the prototype Comet 3 culminated in the redesigned Comet 4 series which debuted in 1958 and had a productive career over 30 years, but sales never fully recovered. 2978:) usually have substantially more legroom than those seated in the remainder of the cabin, while the seats directly in front of the exit row may have less legroom and may not even recline (for evacuation safety reasons). However, passengers seated in an exit row may be required to assist cabin crew during an 3273:

an operator can maneuver the ULD from the dolly cart, up to the aircraft baggage hold door, and into the aircraft. Inside the hold, the floor is also equipped with drive wheels and rollers that an operator inside can use to move the ULD properly into place. Locks in the floor are used to hold the ULD

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or accidents. The backs of seats are often equipped with a fold-down tray for eating, writing, or as a place to set up a portable computer, or a music or video player. Seats without another row of seats in front of them have a tray that is either folded into the armrest or that clips into brackets on

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One driver of airline profitability is how many passengers can be seated in economy class cabins, meaning that airline companies have an incentive to place seats close together to fit as many passengers in as possible. In contrast, ‘premium class’ seat configurations provide more space for travelers.

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In 2018, there were 29,398 airliners in service: 26,935 passenger transports and 2,463 freighters, while 2,754 others were stored. The largest fleet was in Asia-Pacific with 8,808 (5% stored), followed by 8,572 in North America (10% stored), 7,254 in Europe (9% stored), 2,027 in Latin America, 1,510

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To maintain a pressure in the cabin equivalent to an altitude close to sea level would, at a cruising altitude around 10,000 m (33,000 ft), create a pressure difference between inside the aircraft and outside the aircraft that would require greater hull strength and weight. Most people do

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Airliners developed since the 1940s have had pressurized cabins (or, more accurately, pressurized hulls including baggage holds) to enable them to carry passengers safely at high altitudes where low oxygen levels and air pressure would otherwise cause sickness or death. High altitude flight enabled

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The types of seats that are provided and how much legroom is given to each passenger are decisions made by the individual airlines, not the aircraft manufacturers. Seats are mounted in "tracks" on the floor of the cabin and can be moved back and forth by the maintenance staff or removed altogether.

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Domestic flights generally have a two-class configuration, usually first or business class and coach class, although many airlines instead offer all-economy seating. International flights generally have either a two-class configuration or a three-class configuration, depending on the airline, route

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emerged as a short-haul, low-capacity airliner. Its relatively simple design could carry six passengers, each with 45 lb (20 kg) of luggage, on the London-Paris route on a fuel consumption of 13 gal (49 L) per hour. The DH.84 Dragon entered worldwide service. During early August 1934, one

215:; a number were converted for commercial use into passenger airliners starting in 1919, being able to accommodate a maximum of 14 seated passengers. and around 60 were built. Initially, several publicity flights were made, including one on 8 February 1919, when the Goliath flew 12 passengers from 3019:

The overhead bins, also known as overhead lockers or pivot bins, are used for stowing carry-on baggage and other items. While the airliner manufacturer will normally specify a standard version of the product to supply, airlines can choose to have bins of differing size, shape, or color installed.

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help to stimulate aircraft demand. In 2016, 38% of the 25 years old airliners had been retired, 50% of the 28 years old : there will be 523 aircraft reaching 25 years old in 2017, 1,127 in 2026 and 1,628 in 2041. Deliveries rose by 80% from 2004 to 2016, they represented 4.9% of the fleet in

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aircraft are slow enough to use straight wings. Smaller airliners sometimes have their engines mounted on either side of the rear fuselage. Numerous advantages and disadvantages exist due to this arrangement. Perhaps the most important advantage to mounting the engines under the wings is that the

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electrical systems, so for safety reasons it is deliberately kept to a low value, around 10%. Another problem of the air coming from the ventilation (unto which the oil lubrication system of the engines is hooked up) is that fumes from components in the synthetic oils can sometimes travel along,

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system. The units frequently have small "Fasten Seat Belt" and "No Smoking" illuminated signage and may also contain a speaker for the cabin public address system. On some newer aircraft, a "Turn off electronic devices" sign is used instead of the "No Smoking" sign, as smoking isn't permitted on

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reports 81 net aircraft went back from storage (132 recalled and 51 stored) in April. It is the second month of storage contraction after eight of expansion and the largest in four years, while new aircraft deliveries fell slightly to 448 from 454 due to supply-chain issues and in-service issues

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In 2016, the deliveries went for 38% in Asia-Pacific, 25% in Europe, 22% in North America, 7% in Middle East, 6% in South America and 2% in Africa. 1,020 narrowbodies were delivered and their backlog reach 10891: 4,991 A320neo, 644 A320ceo; 3,593 737 Max, 835 737NG, 348 CSeries, 305 C919 and 175

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By November 1934, series production of the Dragon Rapide had commenced. De Havilland invested into advanced features including elongated rear windows, cabin heating, thickened wing tips, and a strengthened airframe for a higher gross weight of 5,500 lb (2,500 kg). Later aircraft were

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airliners to fly above most weather systems that cause turbulent or dangerous flying conditions, and also to fly faster and further as there is less drag due to the lower air density. Pressurization is applied using compressed air, in most cases bled from the engines, and is managed by an

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was the first French post-war airliner. Accommodating up to 44 seats, 40 aircraft were completed for Air France between October 1945 and April 1948. Air France withdrew the last Languedoc from its domestic routes in 1954, being replaced by later designs. First flying in February 1949, the

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Depending on the aircraft, baggage holds are normally inside the hull and are therefore pressurized just like the passenger cabin although they may not be heated. While lighting is normally installed for use by the loading crew, typically the compartment is unlit when the door is closed.

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During the postwar years, engines became much larger and more powerful, and safety features such as deicing, navigation, and weather information were added to the planes. American planes were allegedly more comfortable and had superior flight decks than those produced in Europe.

297:, which also made its first flight in 1919. Junkers marketed the aircraft towards business travellers and commercial operators, and European entrepreneurs bought examples for their private use and business trips. Over 300 Junkers F 13s were built between 1919 and 1932. The Dutch 564:. Imperial Airways' order for 28 Empire flying boats was viewed by some as a bold gamble. At the time, flying boats were the only practical means of building aircraft of such size and weight as land-based aircraft would have unfeasibly poor field performance. One Boeing 314, 195:, preceding subsequent transport and bomber aircraft. It first flew on 10 December 1913 and took off for its first demonstration flight with 16 passengers aboard on 25 February 1914. However, it was never used as a commercial airliner due to the onset of the 227:, despite having no permission from the British authorities to land. Dozens of early airlines subsequently procured the type. One high-profile flight, made on 11 August 1919, involved an F.60 flying eight passengers and a ton of supplies from Paris via 2801:

MC-21; while 398 widebodies were delivered : 137 Dreamliners and 99 B777 for Boeing (65%) against 63 A330 and 49 A350 for Airbus, more than 2,400 widebodies were in backlog, led by the A350 with 753 (31%) then the Boeing 787 with 694 (28%).

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on the wings and allows for a lighter wing structure. This factor becomes more important as aircraft weight increases, and no in-production airliners have both a maximum takeoff weight more than 50 tons and engines mounted on the fuselage. The

3040:), the flight attendant call button and the buttons to control the reading lights are located directly on the PSU, while on most widebody aircraft, the flight attendant call button and the reading light control buttons are usually part of the 2651:

passenger demand since. In 2004, 718 Airbus and Boeings were delivered, worth $ 39.3 billion; 1,466 are expected in 2017, worth $ 104.4 billion: a growth by 3.5 from 2004 to 2020 is unprecedented and highly unusual for any mature market.

785:. Some ex-military DC-6s were later converted into airliners, with both passenger and cargo versions flooding the market shortly after the war's end. Douglas also developed a pressurized version of the DC-4, which it designated the 2990:

the underside of the armrests. However, seats in premium cabins generally have trays in the armrests or clip-on trays, regardless of whether there is another row of seats in front of them. Seatbacks now often feature small colour

893:, along with some fuselage elements. Entering service in mid 1959, 172 Caravelles had been sold within four years and six versions were in production by 1963. Sud Aviation then focused its design team on a Caravelle successor. 1340:. Gas turbine engines operate efficiently at much higher altitudes, are more reliable than piston engines, and produce less vibration and noise. The use of a common fuel type – kerosene-based jet fuel – is another advantage. 425:

had two engines mounted on the wings and one in the nose, and a slabsided body, it carried eight passengers and was produced from 1925 to 1933. It was an important early airliner in America. It was used by the predecessor to

262:, which used the first aircraft for pleasure flying, and on 25 August 1919, it inaugurated the first scheduled international airline service from London to Paris. One aircraft was sold to the River Plate Aviation Company in 7183: 7178: 3277:

For consolidated freight loads, like a pallet of boxes or an item too oddly shaped to fit into a container, flat metal pallets that resemble large baking sheets that are compatible with the loading equipment are used.

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By the end of 2018, there were 1,826 parked or in storage jetliners out of 29,824 in service (6.1%): 1,434 narrowbodies and 392 widebodies, down from 9.8% of the fleet at the end of 2012 and 11.3% at the end of 2001.

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flight carrying fare-paying passengers and simultaneously inaugurated scheduled service between London and Johannesburg. However, roughly one year after introduction, three Comets broke up mid-flight due to airframe

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during 1903, was just 11 years before what is often defined as the world's first airliner. By the 1960s, airliners had expanded capabilities, making a significant impact on global society, economics, and politics.

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for improved landing performance, along with downwards-facing recognition light and metal propellers, which were often retrofitted to older aircraft. It was also used in military roles; civil Dragon Rapides were

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Baggage is normally stacked within the bin by hand, sorted by destination category. Netting that fits across the width of the bin is secured to limit movement of the bags. Airliners often carry items of

313:, including on its Amsterdam-London service in 1921. A relatively reliable aircraft for the era, the Fokkers were flying to destinations across Europe, including Bremen, Brussels, Hamburg, and Paris. 4663: 3247:" airliners frequently have a compartment like the ones described above, typically called a "bulk bin". It is normally used for late arriving luggage or bags which may have been checked at the gate. 3204:

Designed to hold baggage as well as freight, these compartments are called "cargo bins", "baggage holds", "luggage holds", or occasionally "pits". Occasionally baggage holds may be referred to as

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of the aircraft opening the emergency exit and assisting fellow passengers to the exit. As a precaution, many airlines prohibit young people under the age of 15 from being seated in the exit row.

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and mail. These may be loaded separately from the baggage or mixed in if they are bound for the same destination. For securing bulky items "hold down" rings are provided to tie items into place.

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The airliner fleet went from 13,500 in 2000 to 25,700 in 2017: 16% to 30.7% in Asia/Pacific (2,158 to 7,915), 34.7% to 23.6% in USA (4,686 to 6,069) and 24% to 20.5% in Europe (3,234 to 5,272).

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and were sold as surplus afterward, becoming widespread within the commercial sector. It was one of first airliners to be profitable without the support of postal or government subsidies.

3227:" airliners with more than 100 seats have space below the cabin floor, while smaller aircraft often have a special compartment separate from the passenger area but on the same level. 128:

The lightest aircraft are short-haul regional feeder airliner type aircraft that carry a small number of passengers are called commuter aircraft, commuterliners, feederliners, and

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By the 1930s, the airliner industry had matured and large consolidated national airlines were established with regular international services that spanned the globe, including

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jets which are also called twin-aisle because they generally have two separate aisles running from the front to the back of the passenger cabin. These are usually used for

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screens for videos, television and video games. Controls for this display as well as an outlet to plug in audio headsets are normally found in the armrest of each seat.

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Baggage holds on modern airliners are equipped with fire detection equipment and larger aircraft have automated or remotely activated fire-fighting devices installed.

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made its first flight, and this version was equipped with much more powerful engines. The main contribution that the Soviets made in regards to airliners was the

7087: 3270: 708:, although both aircraft suffered protracted developments, with the latter entering service with BOAC in February 1957, over seven years following its order. 2201:

in Middle East and 1,347 in Africa. Narrowbody are dominant with 16,235, followed by 5,581 Widebodies, 3,743 Turboprops, 3,565 Regional jets and 399 Others.

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By the 1960s, the UK had lost the airliner market to the US due to the Comet disaster and a smaller domestic market, not regained by later designs like the

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performed the first non-stop flight between the Canadian mainland and Britain in 30 hours 55 minutes, although the intended destination had originally been

430:, and by other airlines long after production ceased. The Trimotor helped to popularise numerous aspects of modern aviation infrastructure, including paved 3649: 2635:

market had a recurring pattern of seven years of growth followed by three years of deliveries falling 30–40%, except a steady growth from 2004 due to the

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on demand (this is standard in first and business class on many international flights and may be available on economy). Cabins of all classes have

5341: 639:. British aircraft manufacturers were tied up to fulfill military requirements, and had no free capacity to address other matters though the war. 207:

In 1919, shortly after the end of the First World War, large numbers of ex-military aircraft flooded the market. One such aircraft was the French

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Pressurization presents design and construction challenges to maintain the structural integrity and sealing of the cabin and hull and to prevent

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was the first turboprop design to enter service; a commercial success with 445 Viscounts built. The Type III requirement led to the conventional

604: 815:, which was slightly larger and could accommodate between 44 and 52 passengers, of which 311 were produced. The firm also commenced work on the 6428: 6338: 6238: 719:

turbojet engines buried in the wings, a pressurised fuselage, and large square windows. On 2 May 1952, the Comet took off on the world's first

125:, and are used to feed traffic into the large airline hubs. These regional routes then form the spokes of a hub-and-spoke air transport model. 3533:. translated and adapted by Von Hardesty; Carl J. Bobrow and Von Hardesty, eds. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 40. 517: 4617: 957: 6413: 6373: 6348: 4946: 6453: 6233: 6223: 6094: 5777: 5380: 4778: 3331: 2833: 99:

or single-aisle. These are generally used for short to medium-distance flights with fewer passengers than their wide-body counterparts.

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to accommodate an enclosed cabin seating four passengers, plus pilot in an open cockpit. In March 1919, the prototype first flew at

6328: 4550: 3032:(PSU). These typically contain reading lights, air vents, and a flight attendant call light. On most narrowbody aircraft (and some 1548: 4757: 3509: 6648: 6408: 6318: 6303: 6149: 3488: 565: 4927: 6688: 6398: 6258: 4099: 846:

In 1936, the French Air Ministry requested transatlantic flying boats that could hold at least 40 passengers, leading to three

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but this project folded in 1951 as BOAC lost interest and the first aircraft needed a costly wing re-design to accommodate the

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was developed during the late 1950s as the first short range jet airliner. The nose and cockpit layout were licensed from the

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network, ensuring uptime, availability and support 24/7 and anywhere, is critical for the success of airliner manufacturers.

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made its first flight. The Il-12 was very similar in design to American Convair 240, except was unpressurized. In 1953, the

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routes. The enclosed cabin could carry four passengers with an extra seat in the cockpit. It was further developed into the

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Airliners must have space on board to store "checked" baggage – that which will not safely fit in the passenger cabin.

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design in which the entire airframe, from wingtip to wingtip, contributes lift. This promises a significant gain in

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By 1921, the capacity of airliners needed to be increased to achieve more favourable economics. The English company

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Jarrett, Philip. eds. Modern Air Transport: Worldwide Air Transport from 1945 to the Present. London: Putnam, 2000.

944:. This plane is a biplane, unlike most of the other airliners, and sold more units than any other transport plane. 751:, a 100-passenger transatlantic airliner. The effort was later merged with similar efforts in France to create the 3254:(ULDs), often referred to as "cans". ULDs come in a variety of sizes and shapes, but the most common model is the 2985:

The seats are designed to withstand strong forces so as not to break or come loose from their floor tracks during

7623: 7582: 7394: 6099: 5373: 1591: 1091:, or twin-aisle as they have two separate aisles in the cabin, are used for long-haul flights. The first was the 864: 863:

was a double-decker transport for passengers and cargo. Air France used it on its busiest routes, including from

132:, depending on their size, engines, how they are marketed, region of the world, and seating configurations. The 7146: 6495: 6171: 6104: 5816: 5681: 5591: 3929: 1679: 3052:

which are activated if there is a sudden drop in cabin pressure. These are supplied with oxygen by means of a

391:. Throughout the 1920s, companies in Britain and France were at the forefront of the civil airliner industry. 282:, into a civilian version, the Vimy Commercial. It was redesigned with a larger-diameter fuselage (largely of 191:

with a lavatory, cabin heating and lighting. This large four-engine biplane was further adapted into an early

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on the largest of aircraft. These compartments can be accessed through doors on the outside of the aircraft.

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opened up transoceanic service in the late 1920s and early 1930s, based on a series of large seaplanes – the

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routes; however, the project was abandoned due to a lack of customer demand and its high development costs.

157:, they laid the foundation for what would become a major transport industry. Their flight, performed in the 6713: 6673: 5849: 3699:. Stone, Serge (illustrator). Amsterdam: N. V. Konninklijke Nederlandse V. Fokker. pp. 22–29, 181–182. 3353: 3262: 3076: 1834:– the first supersonic airliner in passenger service, operating from 1976 to 2003; the first airliner with 1428:

Except for a few experimental or military designs, all aircraft built to date have had all of their weight

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Long-haul flights were expanded during the 1930s as Pan American Airways and Imperial Airways competed on

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in America. Multi-engined aircraft were now capable of transporting dozens of passengers in comfort.

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in July 1947. However, two crashed and the third was removed from service over safety concerns. The

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Washington, D.C.: NASA Scientific and Technical Information Branch, 2004. Retrieved: 25 April 2011.

2910:. Video systems (the vertical white panels) are visible above the very centre seats of the aircraft 1735: 1715: 1199: 797: 647: 379:

was introduced during the early 1920s. It was commercially successful, initially serving the Paris-

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engines, the prototype first flew on 4 December 1919, shortly after it was displayed at the 1919

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seat fewer than 100 passengers. These smaller aircraft are often used to feed traffic at large

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The Sporty Game: The High-Risk Competitive Business of Making and Selling Commercial Airliners

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units. It is also extremely dry at cruising altitude, and this causes sore eyes, dry skin and

7534: 7452: 7424: 7414: 6961: 6868: 6821: 6758: 6564: 5989: 5940: 5726: 5701: 4290: 2949: 1885: 1380: 1353: 1195: 812: 808: 655: 537:, flew during the first half of the decade, while the more powerful, faster, 21–32 passenger 4567: 3577: 7549: 7404: 7314: 7304: 7104: 7098: 6946: 6668: 6057: 5747: 5742: 5671: 5581: 5576: 5571: 5566: 5561: 5556: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5526: 5521: 5516: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5486: 5471: 5466: 5461: 3224: 3163: 3069: 2979: 2880: 1901: 1849: 1825: 1048: 973: 966: 913: 901: 549: 427: 236: 96: 5229:(Aircraft in Profile Number 84). Leatherhead, Surrey, UK: Profile Publications Ltd., 1966. 388: 8: 7482: 7434: 7359: 7334: 7299: 7294: 7168: 7141: 6831: 6683: 6518: 3197:

on the floor and the partition labeled "Caution: Do Not Hit – Potable Water Tank Inside".

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The narrow-body and wide-body airliner market is dominated by Airbus and Boeing, and the

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total aircraft weight is more evenly distributed across the wingspan, which imposes less

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Bernardo, James V. Aviation and Space: In the Modern World. New York: E.P. Dutton. 1968.

1835: 627:). For British use, multi-engine aircraft types were allegedly split between the US for 7649: 7472: 7111: 6015: 5752: 4871:"Aircraft manufacturers embrace the consumer society's values of built-in obsolescence" 3507:"Part I: The Age of Propellers, Chapter 2: Design Exploration, 1914–18, Heavy Bombers." 3244: 3147: 3132: 3131:

causing passengers, pilots and crew to be intoxicated. The illness it causes is called

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to forecast advances in aviation technology and the air transport needs of the postwar

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crashed on May 11, 1996, as a result of improperly loaded chemical oxygen generators.

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Modern jetliners are usually low-wing designs with two engines mounted underneath the

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are ranked 1 and 2 in customer satisfaction for aftermarket support by a survey by

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project of similar size and range to the Caravelle. It was merged with the similar

855: 816: 811:, a 40-person pressurized airplane; 566 examples flew. Convair later developed the 697: 670: 542: 511: 466: 447: 435: 361: 255: 216: 5099:

Black Box: Why Air Safety is no Accident, The Book Every Air Traveller Should Read

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Some variants of airliners have been developed for carrying freight or for luxury

635:. That such a policy was suggested or implemented have been disputed, at least by 79:. The modern and most common variant of the airliner is a long, tube shaped, and 37: 7592: 7554: 7522: 7497: 7379: 7281: 7251: 7236: 7231: 7041: 7033: 6768: 5676: 5586: 4048: 4041: 3626: 3513: 3457: 3368: 3358: 3299: 2863: 2563: 2485: 1634:

Development of the capabilities of long-haul airliners shown by some notable ones

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transports and for military functions such as airborne tankers (for example, the

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and 15 passengers in an enclosed cabin. Powered by two 450 hp (340 kW)

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and loaded into the baggage hold by a loader designed for the task. By means of

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However, most baggage and loose freight items are loaded into containers called

3154: 928:

Soon after the war, most of the Soviet fleet of airliners consisted of DC-3s or

258:. Nine aircraft were built, all but one being delivered to the nascent airline, 7628: 7564: 7539: 7517: 7487: 7462: 7444: 7389: 7339: 7329: 7319: 7158: 7018: 7008: 6956: 6921: 6838: 6816: 6778: 6617: 6607: 2975: 2925: 2915: 2446: 1821: 1788: 1776: 1595: 1504: 1473: 1418: 1413: 1297: 1285: 1281: 1269: 1241: 1164: 1112: 1108: 1029: 1025: 1021: 937: 933: 608: 415: 333: 188: 187:, being furnished with dual controls for a pilot and copilot and a comfortable 118: 49: 3875:, Yellowstone Aviation, Inc (Jackson, Wyoming), 2004. Retrieved: 4 April 2019. 3186: 2858:

Storage can be an adjustment variable for the airliner fleet: as Jan–Apr 2018

587: 7643: 7559: 7477: 7246: 7136: 6981: 6826: 6602: 6544: 6534: 5263: 4452: 4426: 3697:

FOKKER COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT from the F.1 of 1918 up to the Fokker 100 of today

3563: 3405:

Tise, Larry E. Conquering the Sky. New York: Palgrave MacMillan, 2009. Print.

3363: 3266: 3127: 3008: 2929: 2904: 2843:

Wide body airliners of various airlines at Tokyo Narita Airport in April 2012

2805: 2644: 2246: 2071: 1806: 1599: 1321: 1273: 1100: 1056: 459: 455: 422: 176: 31: 4517: 3170: 1421:

is the only in-production jetliner with high-mounted wings (usually seen in

642:

The committee final report pushed four designs for the state-owned airlines

7354: 7271: 7261: 7256: 7226: 7074: 7003: 6936: 6888: 6863: 6858: 6853: 6806: 6788: 6554: 6052: 5971: 5318: 4852: 4693: 4149:"The Long Way Round: The Plane that Accidentally Circumnavigated the World" 3902:

American flying boats and amphibious aircraft : an illustrated history

3389:"Machine That Flies / What the Wright Brothers' Invention Has Accomplished" 3316: 3143: 3123: 2961: 2875:

others. Retirements were down by 8% and utilization up by 2%, according to

2832:

In 2020, deliveries were down by more than 50% compared to 2019 due to the

2632: 1810: 1797: 1757: 1720: 1560: 1542: 1492: 1433: 1429: 1357: 1349: 1257: 1191: 1187: 993: 989: 977: 941: 929: 831: 827: 786: 778: 770: 736: 632: 577: 557: 538: 534: 522: 402:

monoplane, while starting work on the design of the DH.32, an eight-seater

395: 353: 317: 306: 294: 279: 267: 212: 158: 122: 1460: 529:

Metal airliners came into service in the 1930s. In the United States, the

414:

biplane, accommodating 10 passengers. A commercially successful aircraft,

7574: 7528: 7399: 7265: 7038: 6995: 6911: 3175: 3049: 3037: 3033: 2284: 2043: 2011: 1954: 1897: 1868: 1615: 1329: 1328:

such as the Douglas DC-3. Nearly all modern airliners are now powered by

1175: 1136: 1132: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1071: 1060: 1036: 748: 624: 553: 507: 329: 302: 247: 243: 92: 52: 6783: 4551:"Life and Death of the Tu-144, [Жизнь и смерть самолёта Ту-144]" 1059:

with 100 to 240 passengers. They could be joined by the in-development

7618: 6966: 6773: 6062: 5661: 5000:. Australian Government Civil Aviation Safety Authority. Archived from 3190: 3159: 3118:

to comfortable middle levels, this is not done since humidity promotes

3111: 2986: 2809: 2403: 2383: 2364: 2345: 2326: 2307: 2265: 2163: 2131: 2103: 1907: 1891: 1876: 1841: 1815: 1793: 1711: 1682: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1607: 1603: 1465: 1404: 1392: 1365: 1289: 1148: 1144: 1140: 1092: 1080: 1052: 1044: 1017: 1013: 1009: 1005: 985: 932:. These planes were in desperate need of replacement, and in 1946, the 851: 744: 701: 651: 561: 530: 337: 271: 228: 220: 45: 27:

Aircraft designed for commercial transportation of passengers and cargo

6487: 4853:"Fleet Watch 2017: commercial aircraft orders and deliveries for 2016" 4201:

https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1942/1942%20-%202664.html

819:, a relatively large double-deck airliner that would have served trans 7613: 6906: 4548: 4421:. No. January 2014. Cudham: Kelsey Publishing. pp. 102–03. 3450: 3119: 2817: 1745: 1408: 1337: 1325: 1207: 820: 804:

military transport, it had a double deck and a pressurized fuselage.

693: 616: 470: 263: 110: 72: 68: 5358: 3261:

ULDs are loaded with baggage and are transported to the aircraft on

1657: 324:, its first civil transport aircraft. It housed two crew in an open 117:

counterparts to the larger aircraft operated by the major carriers,

7289: 7023: 6941: 6592: 5919: 5711: 5337: 4306:

Withey, P.A (1997), "Fatigue Failure of the de Havilland Comet I",

3079:

which draws in clean air, and vents stale air out through a valve.

2640: 2602: 1831: 1784: 1770: 1646: 1388: 1333: 1268:. Smaller airliners include the single-engined turboprops like the 1245: 909: 752: 732: 720: 612: 369: 251: 129: 106: 95:

and major cities. A smaller, more common class of airliners is the

80: 64: 2899: 1888:

flight controls, the most ordered jet airliner as of November 2019

7211: 7203: 7028: 6991: 6898: 6730: 6597: 6526: 5909: 3232: 2826: 2648: 2075: 2015: 1872: 1780: 1568: 1522: 1486: 1317: 689: 486: 443: 410:

engine. For more capacity, DH.32 development was replaced by the

403: 325: 275: 232: 224: 183:. This aircraft was subsequently refined into the more practical 76: 4443:

Wheeler, Barry. "LANGUEDOC - France's first post-war airliner".

4396:(1St edition reprint ed.). Faber & Faber. p. 304. 2639:

going from 3% of world market in 2001 to 22% in 2015, expensive

1852:-powered airliner, the largest passenger airliner until the A380 1796:– the most successful early jetliner, along the less widespread 793:, a triple-tailed aircraft with a wider fuselage than the DC-4. 541:

first appeared in 1935. DC-3s were produced in quantity for the

6976: 5914: 4890:"So how successful was Farnborough International Airshow 2018?" 4798:"Parked Aircraft Continue to Below 7% of the Fleet – 28/5/2018" 4119: 3924:

Daley, Robert, An American Saga, 1980, Random House, New York,

3107: 2907: 2888: 2884: 2825:

2004 and 5.9% in 2016, down from 8% previously. Oil prices and

1859: 1536: 1498: 1480: 1441: 1352:. Many airliners have also been modified for government use as 1277: 1219: 1215: 1211: 917: 715:

in 1949. It featured an aerodynamically clean design with four

666: 620: 451: 439: 431: 384: 380: 341: 298: 283: 105:

typically seat fewer than 100 passengers and may be powered by

3797: 3795: 3710:"Handley Page Three-Engined Commercial Aeroplane for Belgium". 1230: 5086:

Tonbridge, Kent, UK: Air-Britain (Historians) Limited. 1980.

4645:"Customer Support: The Jetliner Industry's Biggest Challenge" 4589:

AA241 Introduction to Aircraft Design: Synthesis and Analysis

4447:. No. April 2014. Cudham: kelsey Media. pp. 22–28. 4394:

Empire of the Clouds: When Britain's Aircraft Ruled the World

3102:

The air bled from the engines is hot and requires cooling by

1714:– the first modern airliner, with all-metal construction and 1510: 1104: 1001: 997: 650:(BEA): three piston-powered aircraft of varying sizes, and a 365: 349: 3918: 4664:"A320's order total overtakes 737's as Max crisis persists" 3792: 3381: 2867: 2135: 1818:– the most successful jet airliner by deliveries as of 2022 1611: 1437: 1248:. Twin turboprops carrying up to 19 passengers include the 490: 287: 55:(background), two of the world's most widely used airliners 4241: 3776:

Chavis, Jason C. (19 May 2011). Patsalides, Laurie (ed.).

3650:"Centenary Celebrations for a Commercial Aviation Classic" 2920:

An airliner will usually have several classes of seating:

2883:

shops have unexpected demand for legacy products like the

2643:

till 2014 stimulating old jets replacement allowed by low

1425:), which reduces the risk of damage from unpaved runways. 661:

After a brief contest, the Type I design was given to the

493:. British production of the Dragon ended in favour of the 286:

plywood), and first flew from the Joyce Green airfield in

4779:"FlightGlobal airliner census reveals fleet developments" 4079:

Mellberg, William F (2003). "TRANSPORTATION REVOLUTION".

3255: 2991: 310: 278:

converted its successful First World War era bomber, the

5219:

The de Havilland Rapide: Profile Publications Number 144

4928:"Aircraft Returning From Storage Reaches Four-Year High" 3517:

Quest for Performance: The Evolution of Modern Aircraft.

1432:

off the ground by airflow across the wings. In terms of

781:

went to the U.S. Army and Air Forces, and was named the

7088:

Air route authority between the United States and China

4998:"Civil Aviation Safety Authority – Seating information" 3904:. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Co. pp. 72–74. 3843:"The Amazing Story of America's Oldest Flying Airliner" 3804: 3593: 3591: 293:

The world's first all-metal transport aircraft was the

5235:

The Brabazon Committee and British Airliners 1945-1960

5071:. London: Putnam, First Edition, 1964 (1987 reprint). 5024:"There's a Secret Handrail on Planes You're Not Using" 4813:"Opinion: Have Jetliners Escaped The Boom-Bust Cycle?" 356:

ordered three aircraft, built as the W.8b, for use by

199:

which led to military applications being prioritised.

3966: 3778:"From Civilian to Military: All About 1920 Airplanes" 3451:

Page, Walter Hines; Page, Arthur Wilson (July 1914).

1035:

Currently produced narrow-body airliners include the

211:, which had originally been designed as a long-range 179:

developed the first large multi-engine airplane, the

4832:"Opinion: The Great Jetliner Ramp-up In Perspective" 3588: 3289: 2894: 2879:, driving used aircraft and engines values up while 2424:

Largest in service regional fleet as of August 2017

2205:

Largest in service mainline fleet as of August 2017

4795: 2847: 5252:Riding, Richard (June 1980). "The Black Dragons". 4909:"Looking past the pandemic to gauge future fleets" 4542: 3600: 3486: 1107:stretch. Then other quadjets were introduced: the 992:. They were followed by smaller models : the 658:, involved in the first jet fighters development. 239:, flying more than 4,500 km (2,800 mi). 4973:"Why Airlines are Investing Big in Premium Seats" 4829: 4810: 4710: 4391: 3558:(October 2015). Stamford: Key Publishing: 56–61. 3395:. Newark, Ohio, U.S. 28 December 1903. p. 7. 3048:The PSU will also normally contain the drop-down 242:Another important airliner built in 1919 was the 30:"Airliners" redirects here. For the website, see 7641: 5331:"An Overview of Commercial Aircraft 2017 - 2018" 5221:. Leatherhead, Surrey, UK: Profile Publications. 5197: 5167:. London: Putnam, revised second edition, 1988. 4568:New Design Concepts for High Speed Air Transport 4438: 4436: 4296:, July 1952, pp. 90–94. Retrieved 26 April 2012. 3733: 3656: 3430:(1st ed.). Arcadia Publishing. p. 27. 1610:, with no credible previous experience with the 7127:Convention on the Marking of Plastic Explosives 5300:Unusual Airlines and Airliners: A Photo Journal 5297: 4919: 4900: 4887: 4847: 4845: 4661: 4636: 3836: 3834: 3609: 3423: 2804:The most important driver of orders is airline 1304:, overhead storage bins, reclining seats, or a 1244:can be used as small commuter airliners, or as 605:John Moore-Brabazon, 1st Baron Brabazon of Tara 5316: 5278: 5128: 4925: 4863: 4734: 4642: 4299: 4097: 3193:front lower compartment. Note the rollers for 1760:– a single engine biplane, a widespread large 747:designs and worked with Bristol to create the 501:amongst the first airliners to be fitted with 6503: 5374: 5258:. Vol. 8, no. 6. pp. 284–290. 4906: 4773: 4771: 4752: 4750: 4730: 4728: 4726: 4670:. DVV Media International Ltd. Archived from 4533: 4478:Hirst, Mike (2009). "Double-Decker Déja-vu". 4433: 4410: 4337:January 1954, p. 58. Retrieved 26 April 2012. 4283: 4275:"On This Day: Comet inaugurates the jet age." 1910:– the first airliner mostly constructed with 235:to Koufa, 180 km (110 mi) north of 5198:Masefield, Sir Peter; Gunston, Bill (2002). 5165:British Civil Aircraft 1919–1972: Volume III 5150:British Civil Aircraft since 1919: Volume II 4842: 4497: 4473: 4471: 3831: 3813: 3547: 1483:(France/Germany/Spain/United Kingdom/Canada) 743:. The STAC committee was formed to consider 595:in 1949, the first jet airliner in the world 75:. Such aircraft are most often operated by 5181:British Racing and Record-Breaking Aircraft 5054:Vickers Aircraft since 1908, Second edition 4944: 4691: 4133: 4131: 3978: 3332:List of airliners by maximum takeoff weight 2834:impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on aviation 1809:, the configuration of the more widespread 1476:airliners currently in production include: 1123:. Twinjets were also put into service: the 773:, Stapleton Airport, Denver, September 1966 497:, a faster and more comfortable successor. 266:, to operate a cross-river service between 6510: 6496: 5381: 5367: 5129:Gordon, Yefim; Rigmant., Vladimir (2005). 4768: 4747: 4723: 4378: 4376: 4374: 4372: 4370: 4358: 4332:"B.O.A.C. Comet Lost: Services Suspended." 3848:. Archived from the original on 2017-06-28 3453:"Man And His Machines: A Russian "Airbus"" 3218: 3023: 1276:; or twin piston-powered aircraft made by 1020:using the 707 cabin cross-section; or the 5133:. Hinckley, Leicestershire, UK: Midland. 4737:"Commercial fleet summary September 2018" 4493: 4491: 4489: 4482:. No. December 2009. pp. 72–76. 4468: 4250: 4205: 4001: 3999: 3482: 3480: 1917: 1698:Learn how and when to remove this message 1178:to larger aircraft operated by the major 611:(in South Asia, Africa, and the Near and 406:with a more economical but less powerful 5115:"The Caravelle: Past Present and Future" 4549:Melik-Karamov , Vitaly (January 2000). 4500:Reactores comerciales: Dibujos del autor 4259: 4128: 4100:"How the DC-3 Revolutionized Air Travel" 4078: 4072: 4035: 4026: 3694: 3238: 3185: 3169: 3153: 3142: 3097: 3007: 2936:and aircraft type. Many airliners offer 2898: 2838: 1637: 1629: 1459: 1455: 1395:), as well as for troop-carrying roles. 1229: 1158: 1070: 956: 952: 873: 762: 586: 516: 473:in Germany, KLM in the Netherlands, and 164: 36: 6517: 4694:"World airliner directory - Mainliners" 4367: 4349: 4232: 4223: 4214: 4185: 4176: 4167: 3899: 3893: 3827:. No. 18 August 1923. p. 474. 3688: 3664:"The Fokker F III Commercial Monoplane" 3458:The World's Work: A History of Our Time 3408: 3063: 1923:Mainline airliners as of November 2019 1828:in 1975, with passenger service 1977-78 1436:, the fuselage has been a mere burden. 755:supersonic airliner to share the cost. 309:. These were used by the Dutch airline 14: 7642: 5317:Jim Winchester (15–21 November 2016). 5251: 5152:. London:Putnam, Second edition 1973. 5112: 4486: 4305: 4112: 4017: 4008: 3996: 3987: 3972: 3775: 3647: 3477: 3178:'s cross-section, showing cargo (with 1738:- popularized multiple passenger decks 1095:quadjet, followed by the trijets: the 1066: 789:. Rival company Lockheed produced the 6491: 6130: 6129: 6083: 5639: 5638: 5621: 5400: 5388: 5362: 5302:. San Diego, CA: R&I Publishing. 5232: 5178: 4758:"787 stars in annual airliner census" 4662:Kaminski-Morrow, David (2019-11-15). 4620:. NASA. 17 April 2013. Archived from 4591:. Stanford University. Archived from 4477: 3528: 3489:"Airplanes that Transformed Aviation" 2952:reserved for crew use during breaks. 1948: 1945: 1942: 1939: 1936: 1933: 1549:Xi'an Aircraft Industrial Corporation 688:conventional piston designs, and the 340:. It was ordered by the Belgian firm 5861:Douglas / McDonnell Douglas 5216: 4970: 4836:Aviation Week & Space Technology 4817:Aviation Week & Space Technology 4796:Aircraft Value News (May 13, 2019). 4711:Addison Schonland (March 27, 2018). 4649:Aviation Week & Space Technology 4579: 4280:2 May 1952. Retrieved 26 April 2012. 4146: 4140: 3522: 3427:The Sikorsky Legacy-Bolshoi Baltisky 3122:to the inside of the hull and risks 2584:de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter 1680:adding citations to reliable sources 1651: 1625: 1343: 1225: 1154: 669:" submission. This evolved into the 644:British Overseas Airways Corporation 5113:Dougal, M. G. (12 September 1963), 5082:Chillon J., J-P Dubois and J.Wegg. 4945:Abad-Santos, Alex (17 April 2017). 4442: 4268: 4191:Masefield and Gunston, 2002, p. 97. 4173:Masefield and Gunston, 2002, p. 82. 3821:"British Air Travellers Increasing" 3757:(27): 460–462. 7 July 1921. No. 654 3676:(21): 355–359. 26 May 1921. No. 648 3399: 1930: 1754:– popularized the pressurized cabin 711:The jet-powered Type IV became the 24: 5622: 5272: 5084:French Postwar Transport Aircraft. 5052:Andrews, C.F. and Eric B. Morgan. 4907:Chris Seymour (23 December 2020). 4830:Richard Aboulafia (Dec 22, 2017). 4811:Richard Aboulafia (Sep 22, 2017). 3624: 972:The most common airliners are the 680:The Type II was split between the 654:100-seat design at the request of 571: 202: 136:, for example, has only 19 seats. 25: 7666: 7065:Environmental effects of aviation 4502:(in Spanish). Madrid: Agualarga. 4392:Hamilton-Paterson, James (2010). 4064:"Douglas tells secrets of speed." 4042:"Model 247 Commercial Transport." 3584:(in French): 247. 15 August 1919. 2974:(the row of seats adjacent to an 2895:Cabin configurations and features 1190:; often sharing the same livery. 976:, or single-aisles. The earliest 867:to the Mediterranean area and to 692:model powered by newly developed 582: 510:into military service during the 153:made the world's first sustained 5888: 5887: 5877: 5876: 5866: 5865: 5855: 5854: 5844: 5843: 5833: 5832: 5822: 5821: 5811: 5810: 5202:. Shrewsbury, England: Airlife. 4971:Dong, Chris (24 November 2023). 4291:"I Rode The First Jet Airliner." 4247:Andrews and Morgan 1988, p. 537. 3531:Igor Sikorsky: The Russian Years 3487:Richard P. Hallion (July 2008). 3292: 3182:), passenger, and overhead areas 3138: 2997: 2948:. Some larger airliners have a 2944:facilities, reading lights, and 2848:Storage, scrapping and recycling 2808:, itself driven mainly by world 1904:, the largest passenger airliner 1723:– very widespread, still serving 1656: 1398: 758: 320:company in Britain produced the 7624:Aviation taxation and subsidies 7583:Aircraft maintenance technician 7395:Pre-flight safety demonstration 6084: 5045: 5016: 4990: 4964: 4938: 4926:Sean Broderick (Jun 13, 2018). 4888:IBA Consultants (Aug 1, 2018). 4881: 4823: 4804: 4789: 4704: 4685: 4655: 4643:Kevin Michaels (Jul 17, 2019). 4610: 4580:Kroo, Ilan (January 19, 2006). 4573: 4561: 4553:. No. 3. Flame . Archived from 4524: 4459: 4385: 4340: 4325: 4194: 4091: 4057: 3957: 3935: 3878: 3769: 3718: 3703: 3641: 3618: 3606:Andrews and Morgan 1988, p. 95. 3570: 1805:– the first jetliner with rear 1667:needs additional citations for 1592:Mitsubishi Aircraft Corporation 1237:, short-range commuter aircraft 1210:regional airliners include the 980:were narrowbodies: the initial 5340:. October 2016. Archived from 4735:Antoine Fafard (18 Sep 2018). 4570:edited by H. Sobieczky (1997). 4498:López Ortega, Antonio (1999). 4054:2009. Retrieved: 14 June 2010. 3943:"World Airliners 1913 to 1939" 3499: 3444: 3417: 3028:Above the passenger seats are 2829:orders are trending together. 1083:, rolled out in September 1968 908:project into the Anglo-French 480:During the 1930s, the British 113:. These airliners are the non- 13: 1: 7503:Flight cancellation and delay 7132:European Common Aviation Area 5283:. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 4320:10.1016/S1350-6307(97)00005-8 4098:Kathleen Burke (April 2013). 3374: 2862:are up by 7% over a year and 1472:The major manufacturers with 344:, a further ten Type Ws were 260:Aircraft Transport and Travel 5697:Flying boats and floatplanes 4308:Engineering Failure Analysis 3695:de Leeuw, Rene, ed. (1994). 3354:Aviation and the environment 3077:environmental control system 2836:, after 10 years of growth. 144: 7: 7458:Airline reservations system 7410:Special visual flight rules 5401: 5237:. Stroud, England: Tempus. 5069:Bristol Aircraft since 1910 4713:"Some big picture thoughts" 4618:"Blended Wing Body Feature" 3945:. Scribd.com. 31 March 2010 3648:Laboda, Amy (23 May 2019). 3281: 3114:technology could raise its 3045:board the aircraft anyway. 2661:2016 orders and deliveries 1875:wide-body, followed by the 1862:wide-body, along the later 1783:, developed into the first 1773:, grounded by early crashes 1590:, and this is a reason why 1444:are currently developing a 1423:military transport aircraft 1316:Until the beginning of the 1266:Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante 696:: first flown in 1948, the 629:military transport aircraft 599:In the United Kingdom, the 274:. Meanwhile, the competing 10: 7671: 7513:Government contract flight 7375:Flight information service 7154:Hague Hijacking Convention 7147:EU–US Open Skies Agreement 6739:Pilot in command (Captain) 5319:"World Airliner Directory" 4692:Craig Hoyle (6 Nov 2018). 4364:Jackson 1987, pp. 464-465. 4147:Bull, John (August 2014). 3810:Jackson 1987, pp. 508–525. 3327:List of regional airliners 3110:on long flights. Although 3067: 3001: 2959: 2913: 2851: 2820:, while new programmes by 1884:– the first airliner with 1602:for new entrants like the 1311: 575: 495:de Havilland Dragon Rapide 398:, built the 10-passenger 139: 83:. The largest of them are 29: 7606: 7573: 7443: 7370:Flight information region 7280: 7202: 7073: 7050: 6990: 6972:Low-cost carrier terminal 6897: 6797: 6729: 6626: 6583: 6540:Airline holding companies 6525: 6441: 6209: 6200: 6142: 6138: 6125: 6090: 6079: 6036: 6008: 5982: 5954: 5933: 5925:Four-engined jet aircraft 5902: 5803: 5761: 5735: 5649: 5645: 5634: 5630: 5617: 5407: 5396: 5101:. London: Boxtree, 1996. 4539:Gordon and Rigmant 2005, 4465:Chillon, 1980, pp. 31-33. 4256:Barnes 1964, pp. 347-348. 4211:Barnes 1964, pp. 324-325. 3866:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 3725:"The Handley Page W.8 B." 3393:The Newark Daily Advocate 3337: 3054:chemical oxygen generator 2660: 2657: 2626: 1559:market is shared between 920:pan-European initiative. 906:Bristol Aeroplane Company 841: 826:Rival planes include the 665:, building on a "100 ton 663:Bristol Aeroplane Company 603:was formed in 1942 under 418:ordered a batch of nine. 7588:Aircraft ground handling 7430:Upper information region 7345:Civil aviation authority 7174:Paris Convention of 1919 5298:Quastler, I. E. (2017). 5056:. London: Putnam, 1988. 4875:CAPA center for aviation 4530:Dougal 1963, p. 456-457. 4265:Phipp 2007, pp. 105-109. 4125:Retrieved: 31 July 2011. 3741:"The Spad "Berline" S.33 3554:"The story of Goliath". 3505:Loftin, Laurence K. Jr. 3493:Air & space magazine 3424:Sergei Sikorsky (2007). 3310: 3274:in place during flight. 2970:Passengers seated in an 2955: 2192: 1824:– the first operational 1769:– the first operational 1736:Boeing 377 Stratocruiser 1716:retractable landing gear 1200:Bombardier CRJ700 series 947: 798:Boeing 377 Stratocruiser 648:British European Airways 7420:Terminal control center 7385:Instrument flight rules 7242:Baggage handling system 7083:Air transport agreement 6874:In-flight entertainment 5605:unmanned aerial vehicle 5279:Newhouse, John (1982). 5217:Moss, Peter W. (1966). 4289:Cookman, Aubrey O. Jr. 4047:18 January 2008 at the 3344:Aircraft design process 3158:Loading luggage onto a 3088:emergency oxygen system 3042:in-flight entertainment 3030:Passenger Service Units 3024:Passenger service units 3012:Overhead bins aboard a 2647:since 2008, and strong 1864:Lockheed L-1011 TriStar 1856:McDonnell Douglas DC-10 1787:-powered airliner, the 988:and its competitor the 923: 777:The first batch of the 741:Hawker Siddeley Trident 704:and the more ambitious 533:, and the 14-passenger 155:heavier-than-air flight 7545:Round-the-world ticket 7508:Frequent-flyer program 5778:Maximum takeoff weight 5596:human-powered aircraft 5227:The Short Empire Boats 4355:Phipp 2007, pp. 93-97. 4229:Phipp 2007, pp. 75-77. 4220:Phipp 2007, pp. 67-69. 4081:Mechanical Engineering 3900:Johnson, E.R. (2009). 3629:. This Day in Aviation 3322:List of civil aircraft 3198: 3183: 3167: 3151: 3016: 2911: 2844: 2637:economic rise of China 2545:Embraer ERJ 145 family 1918:In production aircraft 1803:Sud Aviation Caravelle 1752:Lockheed Constellation 1727:Boeing 307 Stratoliner 1649: 1635: 1574:Setting up a reliable 1469: 1377:McDonnell Douglas DC-9 1238: 1168: 1084: 969: 887:Sud-Aviation Caravelle 882: 880:Sud-Aviation Caravelle 774: 596: 556:, such as the British 526: 358:Handley Page Transport 346:produced under license 172: 170:Sikorsky Ilya Muromets 56: 7535:Passenger name record 7453:Airline booking ploys 7425:Uncontrolled airspace 7415:Terminal control area 7052:Environmental effects 6962:International airport 6869:Crew rest compartment 6822:Premium economy class 6565:Non-scheduled airline 5990:Early flying machines 5179:Lewis, Peter (1971). 4932:Aviation Week Network 4598:on September 21, 2018 3963:Jackson 1973, p. 122. 3615:Jackson 1988, p. 202. 3219:Narrow-body airliners 3189: 3173: 3157: 3146: 3098:Cabin climate control 3011: 3002:Further information: 2938:movies or audio/video 2902: 2842: 1894:– the largest twinjet 1641: 1633: 1463: 1456:Current manufacturers 1233: 1206:. Currently produced 1196:Bombardier CRJ100/200 1162: 1074: 1055:, generally used for 960: 953:Narrow-body airliners 877: 807:Convair produced the 766: 656:Geoffrey de Havilland 590: 520: 301:company produced the 168: 40: 7405:Special use airspace 7315:Airport crash tender 7305:Aircraft safety card 7105:Cross-strait charter 7099:Bermuda II Agreement 6058:Light-sport aircraft 5323:Flight International 5233:Phipp, Mike (2007). 5122:Flight International 4557:on 15 November 2000. 3597:Jackson 1973, p .62. 3578:"Le Raid du Goliath" 3529:Finne, K.N. (1987). 3164:Boston Logan Airport 3070:Cabin pressurization 3064:Cabin pressurization 2980:emergency evacuation 2631:Since it began, the 1902:double-deck aircraft 1850:high-bypass turbofan 1826:supersonic transport 1676:improve this article 1119:and the double-deck 1049:Embraer E-Jet family 974:narrow-body aircraft 967:narrow-body aircraft 965:is the most ordered 914:supersonic transport 902:supersonic transport 802:C-97 Stratofreighter 615:) and Commonwealth ( 566:registration NC18602 550:transatlantic travel 428:Trans World Airlines 383:route, and later on 305:, then the enlarged 237:Saint-Louis, Senegal 81:jet powered aircraft 7483:Codeshare agreement 7435:Visual flight rules 7360:Controlled airspace 7335:Area control center 7300:Air traffic service 7295:Air traffic control 7184:Sabotage Convention 7169:Montreal Convention 7142:Freedoms of the air 6832:Basic economy class 6519:Commercial aviation 5028:Condé Nast Traveler 4032:Moss 1966, pp. 6-7. 3984:Lewis 1971, p. 265. 3730:, 19 January 1922, 3239:Wide-body airliners 3084:rapid decompression 3014:Sukhoi Superjet 100 2425: 2206: 1924: 1912:composite materials 1886:digital fly-by-wire 1729:– the first with a 1620:Sukhoi Superjet 100 1588:Air Transport World 1565:De Havilland Canada 1535:, Russia, includes 1517:De Havilland Canada 1296:, stand-up cabins, 1167:have been delivered 1067:Wide-body airliners 1057:medium-haul flights 686:Airspeed Ambassador 637:Sir Peter Masefield 482:de Havilland Dragon 436:passenger terminals 322:Handley Page Type W 209:Farman F.60 Goliath 48:(foreground) and a 7655:Russian inventions 7473:Bereavement flight 7122:Chicago Convention 7112:Beijing Convention 7101:(UK–US, 1978–2008) 7095:(UK–US, 1946–1978) 6570:Passenger airlines 6454:WWI Central Powers 5946:Regional airliners 5225:Norris, Geoffrey. 5183:. London: Putnam. 4894:Aircraft Interiors 4582:"Engine Placement" 4346:Faith 1996, p. 72. 4238:Phipp 2007, p. 81. 4182:Phipp 2007, p. 17. 4137:Norris 1966, p. 3. 4118:Bogash, Robert A. 3512:2018-05-29 at the 3199: 3184: 3168: 3152: 3133:aerotoxic syndrome 3058:ValuJet Flight 592 3017: 2912: 2854:Aircraft recycling 2845: 2423: 2304:Boeing 737 Classic 2228:Airbus A320 family 2204: 1983:Airbus A320 family 1922: 1846:wide-body aircraft 1767:De Havilland Comet 1650: 1643:De Havilland Comet 1636: 1598:program. It is an 1470: 1368:), air ambulance ( 1292:. They often lack 1239: 1204:Embraer ERJ family 1172:Regional airliners 1169: 1089:wide-body aircraft 1085: 1077:wide-body aircraft 982:de Havilland Comet 970: 963:Airbus A320 family 891:de Havilland Comet 883: 861:Breguet Deux-Ponts 775: 717:de Havilland Ghost 713:de Havilland Comet 601:Brabazon Committee 597: 593:de Havilland Comet 527: 290:on 13 April 1919. 173: 103:Regional airliners 67:for transporting 57: 7637: 7636: 7598:Flight dispatcher 7493:Electronic ticket 7468:Airline timetable 7310:Airport authority 7217:Baggage allowance 7194:Warsaw Convention 7093:Bermuda Agreement 6927:Airport rail link 6849:Aircraft seat map 6844:Aircraft lavatory 6575:Regional airlines 6560:Low-cost airlines 6485: 6484: 6481: 6480: 6477: 6476: 6469:World War II jets 6437: 6436: 6132:Military aircraft 6121: 6120: 6117: 6116: 6113: 6112: 6095:By date and usage 6075: 6074: 6071: 6070: 5967:Regional airliner 5667:Electric aircraft 5640:By characteristic 5613: 5612: 5390:Lists of aircraft 5290:978-0-394-51447-5 5255:Aeroplane Monthly 5244:978-0-7524-4374-4 5209:978-1-84037-283-0 5140:978-1-85780-216-0 5097:Faith, Nicholas. 5092:978-0-85130-078-8 4764:. 14 August 2017. 4509:978-84-95088-87-1 4417:"Latécoère 631". 4294:Popular Mechanics 4067:Popular Mechanics 3888:Popular Mechanics 3873:fordtri-motor.com 3840:Herrick, Greg A. 3625:Swopes, Bryan R. 3349:Aircraft spotting 3308: 3307: 3252:Unit Load Devices 3180:Unit Load Devices 3116:relative humidity 2877:Canaccord Genuity 2822:Airbus and Boeing 2814:supply and demand 2798: 2797: 2620: 2619: 2525:Bombardier CRJ100 2505:Bombardier CRJ700 2421: 2420: 2190: 2189: 1731:pressurized cabin 1708: 1707: 1700: 1626:Notable airliners 1580:Boeing and Airbus 1557:regional airliner 1529:Irkut Corporation 1446:blended wing body 1344:Airliner variants 1226:Commuter aircraft 1180:mainline carriers 1155:Regional aircraft 1008:derivatives; the 800:was based on the 706:Bristol Britannia 682:de Havilland Dove 646:(BOAC) and later 591:Prototype of the 560:and the American 408:Rolls-Royce Eagle 389:Blériot-SPAD S.46 377:Bleriot-SPAD S.33 364:, on services to 89:long-haul flights 16:(Redirected from 7662: 7365:Evacuation slide 7325:Airport security 7222:Baggage carousel 7189:Tokyo Convention 7117:Cape Town Treaty 6952:Domestic airport 6932:Airport terminal 6917:Airport check-in 6879:Inflight smoking 6764:Flight attendant 6613:Vanilla Alliance 6550:Charter airlines 6512: 6505: 6498: 6489: 6488: 6207: 6206: 6140: 6139: 6127: 6126: 6081: 6080: 5891: 5890: 5880: 5879: 5869: 5868: 5858: 5857: 5847: 5846: 5836: 5835: 5825: 5824: 5814: 5813: 5647: 5646: 5636: 5635: 5632: 5631: 5619: 5618: 5398: 5397: 5383: 5376: 5369: 5360: 5359: 5355: 5353: 5352: 5346: 5335: 5326: 5313: 5294: 5267: 5248: 5222: 5213: 5194: 5144: 5125: 5119: 5039: 5038: 5036: 5035: 5020: 5014: 5013: 5011: 5009: 4994: 4988: 4987: 4985: 4983: 4968: 4962: 4961: 4959: 4957: 4942: 4936: 4935: 4923: 4917: 4916: 4904: 4898: 4897: 4885: 4879: 4878: 4867: 4861: 4860: 4849: 4840: 4839: 4827: 4821: 4820: 4808: 4802: 4801: 4793: 4787: 4786: 4785:. 8 August 2016. 4775: 4766: 4765: 4754: 4745: 4744: 4732: 4721: 4720: 4708: 4702: 4701: 4689: 4683: 4682: 4680: 4679: 4659: 4653: 4652: 4640: 4634: 4633: 4631: 4629: 4614: 4608: 4607: 4605: 4603: 4597: 4586: 4577: 4571: 4565: 4559: 4558: 4546: 4540: 4537: 4531: 4528: 4522: 4521: 4495: 4484: 4483: 4475: 4466: 4463: 4457: 4456: 4440: 4431: 4430: 4414: 4408: 4407: 4389: 4383: 4380: 4365: 4362: 4356: 4353: 4347: 4344: 4338: 4329: 4323: 4322: 4303: 4297: 4287: 4281: 4272: 4266: 4263: 4257: 4254: 4248: 4245: 4239: 4236: 4230: 4227: 4221: 4218: 4212: 4209: 4203: 4198: 4192: 4189: 4183: 4180: 4174: 4171: 4165: 4164: 4162: 4160: 4153:Lapsed Historian 4144: 4138: 4135: 4126: 4116: 4110: 4109: 4095: 4089: 4088: 4076: 4070: 4069:, February 1935. 4061: 4055: 4039: 4033: 4030: 4024: 4023:Moss 1966, p. 6. 4021: 4015: 4014:Moss 1966, p. 5. 4012: 4006: 4005:Moss 1966, p. 4. 4003: 3994: 3993:Moss 1966, p. 3. 3991: 3985: 3982: 3976: 3970: 3964: 3961: 3955: 3954: 3952: 3950: 3939: 3933: 3922: 3916: 3915: 3897: 3891: 3890:, February 1931. 3882: 3876: 3871: 3865: 3857: 3855: 3853: 3847: 3838: 3829: 3828: 3817: 3811: 3808: 3802: 3799: 3790: 3789: 3787: 3785: 3773: 3767: 3766: 3764: 3762: 3737: 3731: 3722: 3716: 3707: 3701: 3700: 3692: 3686: 3685: 3683: 3681: 3660: 3654: 3653: 3645: 3639: 3638: 3636: 3634: 3622: 3616: 3613: 3607: 3604: 3598: 3595: 3586: 3585: 3574: 3568: 3567: 3551: 3545: 3544: 3526: 3520: 3503: 3497: 3496: 3484: 3475: 3474: 3472: 3470: 3448: 3442: 3441: 3421: 3415: 3412: 3406: 3403: 3397: 3396: 3385: 3302: 3297: 3296: 3295: 3286: 3285: 3104:air conditioning 3004:Overhead storage 2950:rest compartment 2866:up by 5.1%, the 2655: 2654: 2426: 2422: 2207: 2203: 1925: 1921: 1762:utility aircraft 1742:Vickers Viscount 1703: 1696: 1692: 1689: 1683: 1660: 1652: 1576:customer support 1545:(Czech Republic) 1507:(United Kingdom) 1332:engines, either 1306:flight attendant 1262:DHC-6 Twin Otter 1214:series, and the 856:SNCASE Languedoc 671:Bristol Brabazon 552:using fleets of 543:Second World War 525:appeared in 1935 512:Second World War 467:Imperial Airways 448:radio navigation 362:Imperial Airways 256:Hendon Aerodrome 217:Toussus-le-Noble 21: 7670: 7669: 7665: 7664: 7663: 7661: 7660: 7659: 7640: 7639: 7638: 7633: 7602: 7593:Baggage handler 7569: 7523:Open-jaw ticket 7498:Fare basis code 7445:Airline tickets 7439: 7380:Flight recorder 7282:Aviation safety 7276: 7252:Checked baggage 7237:Baggage handler 7232:Baggage reclaim 7198: 7179:Rome Convention 7069: 7046: 7034:Travel document 6986: 6893: 6793: 6769:Flight engineer 6725: 6622: 6579: 6521: 6516: 6486: 6473: 6433: 6196: 6187:Submarine-borne 6182:Maritime patrol 6134: 6109: 6086: 6067: 6046: 6032: 6004: 5978: 5950: 5929: 5898: 5799: 5788:very light jets 5771: 5757: 5731: 5641: 5626: 5609: 5403: 5392: 5387: 5350: 5348: 5344: 5333: 5329: 5310: 5291: 5275: 5273:Further reading 5270: 5245: 5210: 5191: 5141: 5117: 5048: 5043: 5042: 5033: 5031: 5022: 5021: 5017: 5007: 5005: 5004:on 3 March 2009 4996: 4995: 4991: 4981: 4979: 4969: 4965: 4955: 4953: 4943: 4939: 4924: 4920: 4905: 4901: 4886: 4882: 4869: 4868: 4864: 4859:. 7 March 2017. 4851: 4850: 4843: 4828: 4824: 4809: 4805: 4794: 4790: 4777: 4776: 4769: 4756: 4755: 4748: 4733: 4724: 4709: 4705: 4690: 4686: 4677: 4675: 4660: 4656: 4641: 4637: 4627: 4625: 4616: 4615: 4611: 4601: 4599: 4595: 4584: 4578: 4574: 4566: 4562: 4547: 4543: 4538: 4534: 4529: 4525: 4510: 4496: 4487: 4476: 4469: 4464: 4460: 4441: 4434: 4416: 4415: 4411: 4404: 4390: 4386: 4381: 4368: 4363: 4359: 4354: 4350: 4345: 4341: 4330: 4326: 4304: 4300: 4288: 4284: 4273: 4269: 4264: 4260: 4255: 4251: 4246: 4242: 4237: 4233: 4228: 4224: 4219: 4215: 4210: 4206: 4199: 4195: 4190: 4186: 4181: 4177: 4172: 4168: 4158: 4156: 4145: 4141: 4136: 4129: 4117: 4113: 4096: 4092: 4077: 4073: 4062: 4058: 4049:Wayback Machine 4040: 4036: 4031: 4027: 4022: 4018: 4013: 4009: 4004: 3997: 3992: 3988: 3983: 3979: 3971: 3967: 3962: 3958: 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Brighthub.com 3774: 3770: 3760: 3758: 3739: 3738: 3734: 3723: 3719: 3708: 3704: 3693: 3689: 3679: 3677: 3662: 3661: 3657: 3646: 3642: 3632: 3630: 3623: 3619: 3614: 3610: 3605: 3601: 3596: 3589: 3576: 3575: 3571: 3553: 3552: 3548: 3541: 3527: 3523: 3514:Wayback Machine 3504: 3500: 3485: 3478: 3468: 3466: 3449: 3445: 3438: 3422: 3418: 3413: 3409: 3404: 3400: 3387: 3386: 3382: 3377: 3369:Flight planning 3359:Aviation safety 3340: 3313: 3300:Aviation portal 3298: 3293: 3291: 3284: 3241: 3221: 3141: 3100: 3072: 3066: 3026: 3006: 3000: 2964: 2958: 2918: 2897: 2856: 2850: 2629: 2564:Beechcraft 1900 2486:Bombardier Q400 2195: 1920: 1838:flight controls 1704: 1693: 1687: 1684: 1673: 1661: 1628: 1501:(United States) 1458: 1450:fuel efficiency 1401: 1385:Embraer ERJ 145 1362:Lockheed L-1011 1346: 1324:were common on 1314: 1254:Fairchild Metro 1250:Beechcraft 1900 1235:Beechcraft 1900 1228: 1184:legacy carriers 1165:Bombardier CRJs 1157: 1097:Lockheed L-1011 1069: 955: 950: 926: 898:Super-Caravelle 844: 768:United Airlines 761: 675:Bristol Proteus 631:and the UK for 585: 580: 574: 572:The postwar era 475:United Airlines 375:In France, the 360:, and later by 246:; a redesigned 205: 203:Interwar period 197:First World War 193:bomber aircraft 151:Wright brothers 147: 142: 134:Beechcraft 1900 119:legacy carriers 43:United Airlines 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7668: 7658: 7657: 7652: 7635: 7634: 7632: 7631: 7629:Mile high club 7626: 7621: 7616: 7610: 7608: 7604: 7603: 7601: 7600: 7595: 7590: 7585: 7579: 7577: 7571: 7570: 7568: 7567: 7565:Travel website 7562: 7557: 7552: 7547: 7542: 7540:Red-eye flight 7537: 7532: 7525: 7520: 7518:One-way travel 7515: 7510: 7505: 7500: 7495: 7490: 7488:Continent pass 7485: 7480: 7475: 7470: 7465: 7463:Airline ticket 7460: 7455: 7449: 7447: 7441: 7440: 7438: 7437: 7432: 7427: 7422: 7417: 7412: 7407: 7402: 7397: 7392: 7390:Overwing exits 7387: 7382: 7377: 7372: 7367: 7362: 7357: 7352: 7347: 7342: 7340:Brace position 7337: 7332: 7330:Airspace class 7327: 7322: 7320:Airport police 7317: 7312: 7307: 7302: 7297: 7292: 7286: 7284: 7278: 7277: 7275: 7274: 7269: 7259: 7254: 7249: 7244: 7239: 7234: 7229: 7224: 7219: 7214: 7208: 7206: 7200: 7199: 7197: 7196: 7191: 7186: 7181: 7176: 7171: 7166: 7161: 7159:Hague Protocol 7156: 7151: 7150: 7149: 7139: 7134: 7129: 7124: 7119: 7114: 7109: 7108: 7107: 7102: 7096: 7090: 7079: 7077: 7071: 7070: 7068: 7067: 7062: 7056: 7054: 7048: 7047: 7045: 7044: 7036: 7031: 7026: 7021: 7019:Departure card 7016: 7009:Border control 7006: 7000: 6998: 6988: 6987: 6985: 6984: 6979: 6974: 6969: 6964: 6959: 6954: 6949: 6944: 6939: 6934: 6929: 6924: 6922:Airport lounge 6919: 6914: 6909: 6903: 6901: 6895: 6894: 6892: 6891: 6886: 6881: 6876: 6871: 6866: 6861: 6856: 6851: 6846: 6841: 6839:Aircraft cabin 6836: 6835: 6834: 6829: 6824: 6819: 6817:Business class 6814: 6803: 6801: 6795: 6794: 6792: 6791: 6786: 6781: 6779:Aircraft pilot 6776: 6771: 6766: 6761: 6756: 6751: 6749:Second officer 6746: 6741: 6735: 6733: 6727: 6726: 6724: 6723: 6722: 6721: 6716: 6711: 6706: 6700:Other regions 6698: 6697: 6696: 6691: 6686: 6678: 6677: 6676: 6671: 6665:United States 6663: 6662: 6661: 6656: 6651: 6646: 6641: 6635:International 6632: 6630: 6624: 6623: 6621: 6620: 6618:U-FLY Alliance 6615: 6610: 6608:Value Alliance 6605: 6600: 6595: 6589: 6587: 6581: 6580: 6578: 6577: 6572: 6567: 6562: 6557: 6552: 6547: 6542: 6537: 6531: 6529: 6523: 6522: 6515: 6514: 6507: 6500: 6492: 6483: 6482: 6479: 6478: 6475: 6474: 6472: 6471: 6466: 6461: 6456: 6451: 6445: 6443: 6439: 6438: 6435: 6434: 6432: 6431: 6426: 6424:United Kingdom 6421: 6416: 6411: 6406: 6401: 6396: 6391: 6386: 6381: 6376: 6371: 6366: 6361: 6356: 6351: 6346: 6341: 6336: 6331: 6326: 6321: 6316: 6311: 6306: 6301: 6296: 6291: 6286: 6281: 6276: 6271: 6269:Czech Republic 6266: 6261: 6256: 6251: 6246: 6241: 6236: 6231: 6226: 6221: 6216: 6210: 6204: 6198: 6197: 6195: 6194: 6189: 6184: 6179: 6174: 6169: 6168: 6167: 6157: 6152: 6146: 6144: 6136: 6135: 6123: 6122: 6119: 6118: 6115: 6114: 6111: 6110: 6108: 6107: 6102: 6100:By tail number 6097: 6091: 6088: 6087: 6077: 6076: 6073: 6072: 6069: 6068: 6066: 6065: 6060: 6055: 6049: 6047: 6045: 6044: 6041: 6037: 6034: 6033: 6031: 6030: 6025: 6024: 6023: 6012: 6010: 6006: 6005: 6003: 6002: 5997: 5992: 5986: 5984: 5980: 5979: 5977: 5976: 5975: 5974: 5964: 5958: 5956: 5952: 5951: 5949: 5948: 5943: 5937: 5935: 5931: 5930: 5928: 5927: 5922: 5917: 5912: 5906: 5904: 5900: 5899: 5897: 5896: 5885: 5874: 5863: 5852: 5841: 5830: 5819: 5807: 5805: 5801: 5800: 5798: 5797: 5795:Large aircraft 5792: 5791: 5790: 5783:Light aircraft 5780: 5774: 5772: 5770: 5769: 5766: 5762: 5759: 5758: 5756: 5755: 5750: 5745: 5739: 5737: 5733: 5732: 5730: 5729: 5724: 5719: 5714: 5709: 5704: 5699: 5694: 5692:Rocket-powered 5689: 5684: 5679: 5674: 5669: 5664: 5659: 5653: 5651: 5643: 5642: 5628: 5627: 5624:Civil aircraft 5615: 5614: 5611: 5610: 5608: 5607: 5598: 5589: 5584: 5579: 5574: 5569: 5564: 5559: 5554: 5549: 5544: 5539: 5534: 5529: 5524: 5519: 5514: 5509: 5504: 5499: 5494: 5489: 5484: 5479: 5474: 5469: 5464: 5459: 5454: 5449: 5444: 5439: 5434: 5429: 5424: 5419: 5414: 5408: 5405: 5404: 5394: 5393: 5386: 5385: 5378: 5371: 5363: 5357: 5356: 5327: 5314: 5309:978-0976985846 5308: 5295: 5289: 5274: 5271: 5269: 5268: 5249: 5243: 5230: 5223: 5214: 5208: 5195: 5189: 5176: 5163:Jackson, A.J. 5161: 5148:Jackson, A.J. 5146: 5139: 5131:Tupolev Tu-144 5126: 5110: 5095: 5080: 5065: 5049: 5047: 5044: 5041: 5040: 5015: 4989: 4963: 4937: 4918: 4899: 4880: 4877:. 20 Jun 2017. 4862: 4841: 4822: 4803: 4788: 4767: 4746: 4722: 4703: 4684: 4654: 4635: 4624:on 8 July 2017 4609: 4572: 4560: 4541: 4532: 4523: 4508: 4485: 4467: 4458: 4432: 4409: 4403:978-0571247943 4402: 4384: 4366: 4357: 4348: 4339: 4324: 4298: 4282: 4267: 4258: 4249: 4240: 4231: 4222: 4213: 4204: 4193: 4184: 4175: 4166: 4139: 4127: 4111: 4090: 4071: 4056: 4034: 4025: 4016: 4007: 3995: 3986: 3977: 3975:, p. 289. 3965: 3956: 3934: 3932:, pp. 103-110. 3917: 3911:978-0786439744 3910: 3892: 3877: 3830: 3812: 3803: 3791: 3768: 3732: 3717: 3702: 3687: 3655: 3640: 3627:"25 June 1919" 3617: 3608: 3599: 3587: 3569: 3546: 3539: 3521: 3498: 3495:. Smithsonian. 3476: 3443: 3437:978-0738549958 3436: 3416: 3407: 3398: 3379: 3378: 3376: 3373: 3372: 3371: 3366: 3361: 3356: 3351: 3346: 3339: 3336: 3335: 3334: 3329: 3324: 3319: 3312: 3309: 3306: 3305: 3304: 3303: 3283: 3280: 3240: 3237: 3220: 3217: 3140: 3137: 3112:humidification 3099: 3096: 3068:Main article: 3065: 3062: 3025: 3022: 2999: 2996: 2976:emergency exit 2960:Main article: 2957: 2954: 2926:business class 2916:Aircraft cabin 2914:Main article: 2903:Interior of a 2896: 2893: 2852:Main article: 2849: 2846: 2796: 2795: 2792: 2789: 2786: 2783: 2779: 2778: 2775: 2772: 2769: 2766: 2762: 2761: 2758: 2755: 2752: 2749: 2745: 2744: 2741: 2738: 2735: 2732: 2728: 2727: 2724: 2721: 2718: 2715: 2711: 2710: 2707: 2704: 2701: 2698: 2694: 2693: 2690: 2687: 2684: 2681: 2677: 2676: 2673: 2670: 2667: 2663: 2662: 2659: 2645:interest rates 2628: 2625: 2618: 2617: 2614: 2611: 2608: 2605: 2599: 2598: 2595: 2592: 2589: 2586: 2580: 2579: 2576: 2573: 2570: 2567: 2560: 2559: 2556: 2553: 2550: 2547: 2541: 2540: 2537: 2534: 2531: 2528: 2521: 2520: 2517: 2514: 2511: 2508: 2501: 2500: 2497: 2494: 2491: 2488: 2482: 2481: 2478: 2475: 2472: 2469: 2462: 2461: 2458: 2455: 2452: 2449: 2447:Embraer E-jets 2443: 2442: 2439: 2436: 2433: 2430: 2419: 2418: 2415: 2412: 2409: 2406: 2400: 2399: 2396: 2393: 2390: 2387: 2386:/MD-80/90/DC-9 2380: 2379: 2376: 2373: 2370: 2367: 2361: 2360: 2357: 2354: 2351: 2348: 2342: 2341: 2338: 2335: 2332: 2329: 2323: 2322: 2319: 2316: 2313: 2310: 2300: 2299: 2296: 2293: 2290: 2287: 2281: 2280: 2277: 2274: 2271: 2268: 2262: 2261: 2258: 2255: 2252: 2249: 2243: 2242: 2239: 2236: 2233: 2230: 2224: 2223: 2220: 2217: 2214: 2211: 2194: 2191: 2188: 2187: 2184: 2181: 2178: 2175: 2172: 2169: 2166: 2160: 2159: 2156: 2153: 2150: 2147: 2144: 2141: 2138: 2128: 2127: 2124: 2122: 2119: 2116: 2113: 2110: 2107: 2100: 2099: 2096: 2093: 2090: 2087: 2084: 2081: 2078: 2068: 2067: 2064: 2061: 2058: 2055: 2052: 2049: 2046: 2040: 2039: 2036: 2033: 2030: 2027: 2024: 2021: 2018: 2008: 2007: 2004: 2001: 1998: 1995: 1992: 1989: 1986: 1979: 1978: 1975: 1972: 1969: 1966: 1963: 1960: 1957: 1951: 1950: 1947: 1944: 1941: 1938: 1935: 1932: 1929: 1919: 1916: 1915: 1914: 1905: 1895: 1889: 1879: 1866: 1853: 1839: 1829: 1822:Tupolev Tu-144 1819: 1813: 1807:podded engines 1800: 1791: 1789:Tupolev Tu-124 1777:Tupolev Tu-104 1774: 1764: 1755: 1749: 1739: 1733: 1724: 1718: 1706: 1705: 1664: 1662: 1655: 1627: 1624: 1596:Bombardier CRJ 1594:purchased the 1553: 1552: 1546: 1540: 1526: 1520: 1514: 1508: 1505:Britten-Norman 1502: 1496: 1495:(France/Italy) 1490: 1484: 1474:large aircraft 1464:Assembly of a 1457: 1454: 1419:Antonov An-148 1414:bending moment 1400: 1397: 1381:reconnaissance 1345: 1342: 1322:piston engines 1313: 1310: 1298:pressurization 1286:Britten-Norman 1270:Cessna Caravan 1242:Light aircraft 1227: 1224: 1156: 1153: 1109:Ilyushin Il-86 1068: 1065: 1030:Ilyushin Il-62 1026:Ilyushin Il-18 1022:Tupolev Tu-154 954: 951: 949: 946: 938:Ilyushin Il-14 934:Ilyushin Il-12 925: 922: 850:introduced by 848:Latécoère 631s 843: 840: 783:C-54 Skymaster 760: 757: 609:British Empire 584: 583:United Kingdom 581: 576:Main article: 573: 570: 416:Daimler Airway 352:. In 1921 the 348:in Belgium by 334:Paris Air Show 204: 201: 146: 143: 141: 138: 50:Virgin America 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7667: 7656: 7653: 7651: 7648: 7647: 7645: 7630: 7627: 7625: 7622: 7620: 7617: 7615: 7612: 7611: 7609: 7607:Miscellaneous 7605: 7599: 7596: 7594: 7591: 7589: 7586: 7584: 7581: 7580: 7578: 7576: 7572: 7566: 7563: 7561: 7560:Travel agency 7558: 7556: 7553: 7551: 7548: 7546: 7543: 7541: 7538: 7536: 7533: 7530: 7527:Overbooking ( 7526: 7524: 7521: 7519: 7516: 7514: 7511: 7509: 7506: 7504: 7501: 7499: 7496: 7494: 7491: 7489: 7486: 7484: 7481: 7479: 7478:Boarding pass 7476: 7474: 7471: 7469: 7466: 7464: 7461: 7459: 7456: 7454: 7451: 7450: 7448: 7446: 7442: 7436: 7433: 7431: 7428: 7426: 7423: 7421: 7418: 7416: 7413: 7411: 7408: 7406: 7403: 7401: 7398: 7396: 7393: 7391: 7388: 7386: 7383: 7381: 7378: 7376: 7373: 7371: 7368: 7366: 7363: 7361: 7358: 7356: 7353: 7351: 7348: 7346: 7343: 7341: 7338: 7336: 7333: 7331: 7328: 7326: 7323: 7321: 7318: 7316: 7313: 7311: 7308: 7306: 7303: 7301: 7298: 7296: 7293: 7291: 7288: 7287: 7285: 7283: 7279: 7273: 7270: 7267: 7263: 7260: 7258: 7255: 7253: 7250: 7248: 7247:Baggage sizer 7245: 7243: 7240: 7238: 7235: 7233: 7230: 7228: 7225: 7223: 7220: 7218: 7215: 7213: 7210: 7209: 7207: 7205: 7201: 7195: 7192: 7190: 7187: 7185: 7182: 7180: 7177: 7175: 7172: 7170: 7167: 7165: 7162: 7160: 7157: 7155: 7152: 7148: 7145: 7144: 7143: 7140: 7138: 7137:Flight permit 7135: 7133: 7130: 7128: 7125: 7123: 7120: 7118: 7115: 7113: 7110: 7106: 7103: 7100: 7097: 7094: 7091: 7089: 7086: 7085: 7084: 7081: 7080: 7078: 7076: 7072: 7066: 7063: 7061: 7060:Hypermobility 7058: 7057: 7055: 7053: 7049: 7043: 7040: 7037: 7035: 7032: 7030: 7027: 7025: 7022: 7020: 7017: 7014: 7010: 7007: 7005: 7002: 7001: 6999: 6997: 6993: 6989: 6983: 6982:Transit hotel 6980: 6978: 6975: 6973: 6970: 6968: 6965: 6963: 6960: 6958: 6955: 6953: 6950: 6948: 6945: 6943: 6940: 6938: 6935: 6933: 6930: 6928: 6925: 6923: 6920: 6918: 6915: 6913: 6910: 6908: 6905: 6904: 6902: 6900: 6896: 6890: 6887: 6885: 6882: 6880: 6877: 6875: 6872: 6870: 6867: 6865: 6862: 6860: 6857: 6855: 6852: 6850: 6847: 6845: 6842: 6840: 6837: 6833: 6830: 6828: 6827:Economy class 6825: 6823: 6820: 6818: 6815: 6813: 6810: 6809: 6808: 6805: 6804: 6802: 6800: 6796: 6790: 6787: 6785: 6782: 6780: 6777: 6775: 6772: 6770: 6767: 6765: 6762: 6760: 6757: 6755: 6754:Third officer 6752: 6750: 6747: 6745: 6744:First officer 6742: 6740: 6737: 6736: 6734: 6732: 6728: 6720: 6717: 6715: 6712: 6710: 6707: 6705: 6702: 6701: 6699: 6695: 6692: 6690: 6687: 6685: 6682: 6681: 6679: 6675: 6672: 6670: 6667: 6666: 6664: 6660: 6657: 6655: 6652: 6650: 6647: 6645: 6642: 6640: 6637: 6636: 6634: 6633: 6631: 6629: 6625: 6619: 6616: 6614: 6611: 6609: 6606: 6604: 6603:Star Alliance 6601: 6599: 6596: 6594: 6591: 6590: 6588: 6586: 6582: 6576: 6573: 6571: 6568: 6566: 6563: 6561: 6558: 6556: 6555:Flag carriers 6553: 6551: 6548: 6546: 6545:Cargo airline 6543: 6541: 6538: 6536: 6535:Airline codes 6533: 6532: 6530: 6528: 6524: 6520: 6513: 6508: 6506: 6501: 6499: 6494: 6493: 6490: 6470: 6467: 6465: 6462: 6460: 6457: 6455: 6452: 6450: 6447: 6446: 6444: 6440: 6430: 6429:United States 6427: 6425: 6422: 6420: 6417: 6415: 6412: 6410: 6407: 6405: 6402: 6400: 6397: 6395: 6392: 6390: 6387: 6385: 6382: 6380: 6377: 6375: 6372: 6370: 6367: 6365: 6362: 6360: 6357: 6355: 6352: 6350: 6347: 6345: 6342: 6340: 6337: 6335: 6332: 6330: 6327: 6325: 6322: 6320: 6317: 6315: 6312: 6310: 6307: 6305: 6302: 6300: 6297: 6295: 6292: 6290: 6287: 6285: 6282: 6280: 6277: 6275: 6272: 6270: 6267: 6265: 6262: 6260: 6257: 6255: 6252: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6242: 6240: 6237: 6235: 6232: 6230: 6227: 6225: 6222: 6220: 6217: 6215: 6212: 6211: 6208: 6205: 6203: 6199: 6193: 6190: 6188: 6185: 6183: 6180: 6178: 6175: 6173: 6172:Carrier-based 6170: 6166: 6163: 6162: 6161: 6158: 6156: 6153: 6151: 6148: 6147: 6145: 6141: 6137: 6133: 6128: 6124: 6106: 6105:Most-produced 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6093: 6092: 6089: 6082: 6078: 6064: 6061: 6059: 6056: 6054: 6053:Business jets 6051: 6050: 6048: 6042: 6039: 6038: 6035: 6029: 6026: 6022: 6019: 6018: 6017: 6014: 6013: 6011: 6009:Rotor-powered 6007: 6001: 5998: 5996: 5993: 5991: 5988: 5987: 5985: 5981: 5973: 5970: 5969: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5960: 5959: 5957: 5953: 5947: 5944: 5942: 5941:Jet airliners 5939: 5938: 5936: 5932: 5926: 5923: 5921: 5918: 5916: 5913: 5911: 5908: 5907: 5905: 5903:Engine number 5901: 5895: 5886: 5884: 5875: 5873: 5864: 5862: 5853: 5851: 5842: 5840: 5831: 5829: 5820: 5818: 5809: 5808: 5806: 5802: 5796: 5793: 5789: 5786: 5785: 5784: 5781: 5779: 5776: 5775: 5773: 5767: 5764: 5763: 5760: 5754: 5751: 5749: 5746: 5744: 5741: 5740: 5738: 5734: 5728: 5725: 5723: 5720: 5718: 5715: 5713: 5710: 5708: 5705: 5703: 5700: 5698: 5695: 5693: 5690: 5688: 5685: 5683: 5682:Human-powered 5680: 5678: 5675: 5673: 5670: 5668: 5665: 5663: 5660: 5658: 5655: 5654: 5652: 5648: 5644: 5637: 5633: 5629: 5625: 5620: 5616: 5606: 5602: 5599: 5597: 5593: 5590: 5588: 5585: 5583: 5580: 5578: 5575: 5573: 5570: 5568: 5565: 5563: 5560: 5558: 5555: 5553: 5550: 5548: 5545: 5543: 5540: 5538: 5535: 5533: 5530: 5528: 5525: 5523: 5520: 5518: 5515: 5513: 5510: 5508: 5505: 5503: 5500: 5498: 5495: 5493: 5490: 5488: 5485: 5483: 5480: 5478: 5475: 5473: 5470: 5468: 5465: 5463: 5460: 5458: 5455: 5453: 5450: 5448: 5445: 5443: 5440: 5438: 5435: 5433: 5430: 5428: 5425: 5423: 5420: 5418: 5415: 5413: 5410: 5409: 5406: 5399: 5395: 5391: 5384: 5379: 5377: 5372: 5370: 5365: 5364: 5361: 5347:on 2019-10-17 5343: 5339: 5332: 5328: 5324: 5320: 5315: 5311: 5305: 5301: 5296: 5292: 5286: 5282: 5277: 5276: 5265: 5261: 5257: 5256: 5250: 5246: 5240: 5236: 5231: 5228: 5224: 5220: 5215: 5211: 5205: 5201: 5196: 5192: 5190:0-370-00067-6 5186: 5182: 5177: 5174: 5173:0-85177-818-6 5170: 5166: 5162: 5159: 5158:0-370-10010-7 5155: 5151: 5147: 5142: 5136: 5132: 5127: 5123: 5116: 5111: 5108: 5107:0-7522-2118-3 5104: 5100: 5096: 5093: 5089: 5085: 5081: 5078: 5077:0-85177-823-2 5074: 5070: 5067:Barnes, C.H. 5066: 5063: 5062:0-85177-815-1 5059: 5055: 5051: 5050: 5029: 5025: 5019: 5003: 4999: 4993: 4978: 4974: 4967: 4952: 4948: 4941: 4933: 4929: 4922: 4914: 4910: 4903: 4895: 4891: 4884: 4876: 4872: 4866: 4858: 4854: 4848: 4846: 4837: 4833: 4826: 4818: 4814: 4807: 4799: 4792: 4784: 4780: 4774: 4772: 4763: 4759: 4753: 4751: 4742: 4738: 4731: 4729: 4727: 4718: 4714: 4707: 4699: 4698:Flight Global 4695: 4688: 4674:on 2021-10-26 4673: 4669: 4668:Flight Global 4665: 4658: 4650: 4646: 4639: 4623: 4619: 4613: 4594: 4590: 4583: 4576: 4569: 4564: 4556: 4552: 4545: 4536: 4527: 4519: 4515: 4511: 4505: 4501: 4494: 4492: 4490: 4481: 4474: 4472: 4462: 4454: 4450: 4446: 4439: 4437: 4428: 4424: 4420: 4413: 4405: 4399: 4395: 4388: 4379: 4377: 4375: 4373: 4371: 4361: 4352: 4343: 4336: 4333: 4328: 4321: 4317: 4313: 4309: 4302: 4295: 4292: 4286: 4279: 4276: 4271: 4262: 4253: 4244: 4235: 4226: 4217: 4208: 4202: 4197: 4188: 4179: 4170: 4154: 4150: 4143: 4134: 4132: 4124: 4121: 4115: 4107: 4106: 4101: 4094: 4086: 4082: 4075: 4068: 4065: 4060: 4053: 4050: 4046: 4043: 4038: 4029: 4020: 4011: 4002: 4000: 3990: 3981: 3974: 3969: 3960: 3944: 3938: 3931: 3927: 3921: 3913: 3907: 3903: 3896: 3889: 3886: 3881: 3874: 3869: 3863: 3844: 3837: 3835: 3826: 3822: 3816: 3807: 3798: 3796: 3779: 3772: 3756: 3752: 3751: 3746: 3744: 3736: 3729: 3726: 3721: 3715:, 1 May 1924 3714: 3711: 3706: 3698: 3691: 3675: 3671: 3670: 3665: 3659: 3652:. AIN Online. 3651: 3644: 3628: 3621: 3612: 3603: 3594: 3592: 3583: 3579: 3573: 3565: 3561: 3557: 3550: 3542: 3540:0-87474-274-9 3536: 3532: 3525: 3518: 3515: 3511: 3508: 3502: 3494: 3490: 3483: 3481: 3464: 3460: 3459: 3454: 3447: 3439: 3433: 3429: 3428: 3420: 3411: 3402: 3394: 3390: 3384: 3380: 3370: 3367: 3365: 3364:Flight length 3362: 3360: 3357: 3355: 3352: 3350: 3347: 3345: 3342: 3341: 3333: 3330: 3328: 3325: 3323: 3320: 3318: 3317:Regional jets 3315: 3314: 3301: 3290: 3288: 3287: 3279: 3275: 3272: 3268: 3264: 3259: 3257: 3253: 3248: 3246: 3236: 3234: 3228: 3226: 3216: 3213: 3209: 3207: 3202: 3196: 3192: 3188: 3181: 3177: 3172: 3166:, during snow 3165: 3161: 3156: 3149: 3145: 3139:Baggage holds 3136: 3134: 3129: 3125: 3121: 3117: 3113: 3109: 3105: 3095: 3091: 3089: 3085: 3080: 3078: 3071: 3061: 3059: 3055: 3051: 3046: 3043: 3039: 3035: 3031: 3021: 3015: 3010: 3005: 2998:Overhead bins 2995: 2993: 2988: 2983: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2968: 2963: 2953: 2951: 2947: 2943: 2939: 2933: 2931: 2930:economy class 2927: 2923: 2917: 2909: 2906: 2905:Qatar Airways 2901: 2892: 2890: 2886: 2882: 2878: 2874: 2869: 2865: 2861: 2855: 2841: 2837: 2835: 2830: 2828: 2823: 2819: 2815: 2811: 2807: 2806:profitability 2802: 2793: 2790: 2787: 2784: 2781: 2780: 2776: 2773: 2770: 2767: 2764: 2763: 2759: 2756: 2753: 2750: 2747: 2746: 2742: 2739: 2736: 2733: 2730: 2729: 2725: 2722: 2719: 2716: 2713: 2712: 2708: 2705: 2702: 2699: 2696: 2695: 2691: 2688: 2685: 2682: 2679: 2678: 2674: 2671: 2669:values ($ bn) 2668: 2665: 2664: 2658:Manufacturer 2656: 2653: 2650: 2646: 2642: 2638: 2634: 2624: 2615: 2612: 2609: 2606: 2604: 2601: 2600: 2596: 2593: 2590: 2587: 2585: 2582: 2581: 2577: 2574: 2571: 2568: 2565: 2562: 2561: 2557: 2554: 2551: 2548: 2546: 2543: 2542: 2538: 2535: 2532: 2529: 2526: 2523: 2522: 2518: 2515: 2512: 2509: 2506: 2503: 2502: 2498: 2495: 2492: 2489: 2487: 2484: 2483: 2479: 2476: 2473: 2470: 2467: 2464: 2463: 2459: 2456: 2453: 2450: 2448: 2445: 2444: 2440: 2437: 2434: 2431: 2428: 2427: 2416: 2413: 2410: 2407: 2405: 2402: 2401: 2397: 2394: 2391: 2388: 2385: 2382: 2381: 2377: 2374: 2371: 2368: 2366: 2363: 2362: 2358: 2355: 2352: 2349: 2347: 2344: 2343: 2339: 2336: 2333: 2330: 2328: 2325: 2324: 2320: 2317: 2314: 2311: 2309: 2305: 2302: 2301: 2297: 2294: 2291: 2288: 2286: 2283: 2282: 2278: 2275: 2272: 2269: 2267: 2264: 2263: 2259: 2256: 2253: 2250: 2248: 2247:Boeing 737 NG 2245: 2244: 2240: 2237: 2234: 2231: 2229: 2226: 2225: 2221: 2218: 2215: 2212: 2209: 2208: 2202: 2198: 2185: 2182: 2179: 2176: 2173: 2170: 2167: 2165: 2162: 2161: 2157: 2154: 2151: 2148: 2145: 2142: 2139: 2137: 2133: 2130: 2129: 2125: 2123: 2120: 2117: 2114: 2111: 2108: 2105: 2102: 2101: 2097: 2094: 2091: 2088: 2085: 2082: 2079: 2077: 2073: 2072:Boeing 737 NG 2070: 2069: 2065: 2062: 2059: 2056: 2053: 2050: 2047: 2045: 2042: 2041: 2037: 2034: 2031: 2028: 2025: 2022: 2019: 2017: 2013: 2010: 2009: 2005: 2002: 1999: 1996: 1993: 1990: 1987: 1985:(excl. A318) 1984: 1981: 1980: 1976: 1973: 1970: 1967: 1964: 1961: 1958: 1956: 1953: 1952: 1931:First flight 1927: 1926: 1913: 1909: 1906: 1903: 1899: 1896: 1893: 1890: 1887: 1883: 1880: 1878: 1874: 1870: 1867: 1865: 1861: 1857: 1854: 1851: 1847: 1843: 1840: 1837: 1833: 1830: 1827: 1823: 1820: 1817: 1814: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1801: 1799: 1795: 1792: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1778: 1775: 1772: 1768: 1765: 1763: 1759: 1756: 1753: 1750: 1747: 1743: 1740: 1737: 1734: 1732: 1728: 1725: 1722: 1719: 1717: 1713: 1710: 1709: 1702: 1699: 1691: 1681: 1677: 1671: 1670: 1665:This section 1663: 1659: 1654: 1653: 1648: 1644: 1640: 1632: 1623: 1621: 1617: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1601: 1600:entry barrier 1597: 1593: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1572: 1570: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1550: 1547: 1544: 1541: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1527: 1524: 1521: 1518: 1515: 1512: 1509: 1506: 1503: 1500: 1497: 1494: 1491: 1488: 1485: 1482: 1479: 1478: 1477: 1475: 1467: 1462: 1453: 1451: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1435: 1431: 1426: 1424: 1420: 1415: 1410: 1406: 1399:Configuration 1396: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1382: 1378: 1375: 1371: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1350:corporate use 1341: 1339: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1309: 1307: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1283: 1279: 1275: 1274:Pilatus PC-12 1271: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1236: 1232: 1223: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1192:Regional jets 1189: 1188:flag carriers 1185: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1166: 1161: 1152: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1101:Douglas DC-10 1098: 1094: 1090: 1082: 1078: 1073: 1064: 1062: 1058: 1054: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1033: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1007: 1003: 999: 995: 991: 987: 983: 979: 978:jet airliners 975: 968: 964: 959: 945: 943: 939: 935: 931: 930:Lisunov Li-2s 921: 919: 915: 911: 907: 903: 899: 894: 892: 888: 881: 876: 872: 870: 866: 862: 859:four-engined 857: 853: 849: 839: 835: 833: 829: 824: 822: 818: 814: 810: 805: 803: 799: 794: 792: 791:Constellation 788: 784: 780: 779:Douglas DC-4s 772: 769: 765: 759:United States 756: 754: 750: 746: 742: 738: 734: 729: 727: 726:metal fatigue 722: 718: 714: 709: 707: 703: 699: 695: 691: 687: 683: 678: 676: 672: 668: 664: 659: 657: 653: 649: 645: 640: 638: 634: 633:heavy bombers 630: 626: 622: 618: 614: 610: 606: 602: 594: 589: 579: 569: 567: 563: 559: 555: 551: 546: 544: 540: 536: 532: 524: 519: 515: 513: 509: 504: 498: 496: 492: 488: 483: 478: 476: 472: 468: 463: 461: 460:Sikorsky S-42 457: 456:Sikorsky S-38 453: 449: 445: 441: 437: 433: 429: 424: 423:Ford Trimotor 419: 417: 413: 409: 405: 401: 397: 392: 390: 386: 382: 378: 373: 371: 367: 363: 359: 355: 351: 347: 343: 339: 335: 331: 327: 323: 319: 314: 312: 308: 304: 300: 296: 291: 289: 285: 281: 277: 273: 269: 265: 261: 257: 253: 250:with a wider 249: 245: 240: 238: 234: 230: 226: 222: 218: 214: 210: 200: 198: 194: 190: 186: 185:Ilya Muromets 182: 181:Russky Vityaz 178: 177:Igor Sikorsky 175:During 1913, 171: 167: 163: 160: 156: 152: 137: 135: 131: 126: 124: 123:flag carriers 120: 116: 112: 108: 104: 100: 98: 94: 90: 86: 82: 78: 74: 70: 66: 63:is a type of 62: 54: 51: 47: 44: 39: 33: 32:Airliners.net 19: 7355:Control zone 7350:Control area 7272:Luggage lock 7262:Lost luggage 7257:Hand luggage 7227:Baggage cart 7042:(Electronic) 7004:Arrival card 6937:Airside pass 6889:Sickness bag 6864:Buy on board 6859:Airline seat 6854:Airline meal 6807:Travel class 6798: 6789:Dead mileage 6628:Trade groups 6464:World War II 6389:South Africa 5995:Experimental 5972:regional jet 5804:Manufacturer 5672:Flying wings 5349:. Retrieved 5342:the original 5322: 5299: 5280: 5253: 5234: 5226: 5218: 5199: 5180: 5164: 5149: 5130: 5121: 5098: 5083: 5068: 5053: 5046:Bibliography 5032:. Retrieved 5030:. 2017-10-09 5027: 5018: 5006:. Retrieved 5002:the original 4992: 4980:. Retrieved 4976: 4966: 4954:. Retrieved 4950: 4940: 4931: 4921: 4913:Flightglobal 4912: 4902: 4893: 4883: 4874: 4865: 4857:FlightGlobal 4856: 4835: 4825: 4816: 4806: 4791: 4783:FlightGlobal 4782: 4762:FlightGlobal 4761: 4741:FlightGlobal 4740: 4716: 4706: 4697: 4687: 4676:. Retrieved 4672:the original 4667: 4657: 4648: 4638: 4626:. Retrieved 4622:the original 4612: 4602:February 12, 4600:. Retrieved 4593:the original 4588: 4575: 4563: 4555:the original 4544: 4535: 4526: 4499: 4479: 4461: 4444: 4418: 4412: 4393: 4387: 4360: 4351: 4342: 4334: 4327: 4311: 4307: 4301: 4293: 4285: 4277: 4270: 4261: 4252: 4243: 4234: 4225: 4216: 4207: 4196: 4187: 4178: 4169: 4157:. Retrieved 4155:. Medium.com 4152: 4142: 4123:rbogash.com. 4122: 4114: 4103: 4093: 4084: 4080: 4074: 4066: 4059: 4051: 4037: 4028: 4019: 4010: 3989: 3980: 3968: 3959: 3947:. Retrieved 3937: 3920: 3901: 3895: 3887: 3880: 3872: 3850:. Retrieved 3824: 3815: 3806: 3782:. Retrieved 3771: 3759:. Retrieved 3754: 3748: 3742: 3735: 3727: 3720: 3712: 3705: 3696: 3690: 3678:. Retrieved 3673: 3667: 3658: 3643: 3631:. Retrieved 3620: 3611: 3602: 3581: 3572: 3555: 3549: 3530: 3524: 3516: 3501: 3492: 3467:. Retrieved 3462: 3456: 3446: 3426: 3419: 3410: 3401: 3392: 3383: 3276: 3260: 3249: 3242: 3229: 3222: 3214: 3210: 3205: 3203: 3200: 3150:baggage hold 3126:which could 3124:condensation 3101: 3092: 3081: 3073: 3050:oxygen masks 3047: 3034:Airbus A300s 3027: 3018: 2984: 2971: 2969: 2965: 2962:Airline seat 2934: 2919: 2857: 2831: 2816:balance and 2803: 2799: 2633:jet airliner 2630: 2621: 2566:-100/200/300 2199: 2196: 2186:6,430-7,635 2158:7,370-8,700 2098:2,935-3,825 2066:8,100-8,400 2038:6,350-8,150 2006:3,200-4,000 1977:2,950-3,200 1949:Range (nmi) 1871:– the first 1858:– the first 1844:– the first 1811:Douglas DC-9 1798:Douglas DC-8 1779:– the first 1758:Antonov An-2 1744:– the first 1721:Douglas DC-3 1694: 1685: 1674:Please help 1669:verification 1666: 1645:– the first 1573: 1561:ATR Aircraft 1554: 1543:Let Kunovice 1493:ATR Aircraft 1471: 1468:nose section 1434:aerodynamics 1427: 1402: 1358:Vickers VC10 1347: 1315: 1258:Jetstream 31 1240: 1194:include the 1176:airline hubs 1170: 1086: 1034: 994:Douglas DC-9 990:Douglas DC-8 971: 942:Antonov An-2 927: 895: 884: 845: 836: 832:Martin 4-0-4 828:Martin 2-0-2 825: 806: 795: 787:Douglas DC-6 776: 737:Vickers VC10 730: 710: 698:VC.2 Viceroy 679: 660: 641: 598: 578:Jet airliner 558:Short Empire 554:flying boats 547: 539:Douglas DC-3 535:Douglas DC-2 528: 523:Douglas DC-3 499: 479: 469:in Britain, 464: 420: 396:de Havilland 393: 374: 354:Air Ministry 318:Handley Page 315: 295:Junkers F.13 292: 280:Vickers Vimy 268:Buenos Aires 241: 213:heavy bomber 206: 174: 159:Wright Flyer 148: 127: 101: 93:airline hubs 60: 58: 7575:Ground crew 7529:Overselling 7400:Sky marshal 7266:WorldTracer 7039:Travel visa 6996:Immigration 6912:Airline hub 6812:First class 6759:Relief crew 6449:WWI Entente 6409:Switzerland 6364:Philippines 6349:New Zealand 6214:Afghanistan 6085:Other lists 5748:Narrow-body 5743:Double-deck 5687:Prone-pilot 5662:Bush planes 5200:Flight Path 4159:6 September 4105:Smithsonian 4052:boeing.com, 3973:Riding 1980 3582:L'Aérophile 3263:dolly carts 3225:narrow-body 3206:cargo decks 3176:Airbus A300 3148:Airbus A320 2922:first class 2285:Airbus A330 2180:227.9-250.8 2044:Airbus A350 2012:Airbus A330 1955:Airbus A220 1946:typ. seats 1937:Deliveries 1934:Net orders 1898:Airbus A380 1882:Airbus A320 1869:Airbus A300 1836:fly-by-wire 1616:Irkut MC-21 1405:swept wings 1163:Over 1,800 1125:Airbus A300 1117:Airbus A340 1103:, then its 1087:The larger 1061:Irkut MC-21 1041:A320 family 1037:Airbus A220 821:continental 813:Convair 340 809:Convair 240 749:Bristol 223 652:jet-powered 625:New Zealand 385:continental 330:Napier Lion 303:Fokker F.II 248:Airco DH.9A 244:Airco DH.16 97:narrow-body 53:Airbus A320 7644:Categories 7619:Air travel 6967:Jet bridge 6774:Loadmaster 6234:Bangladesh 6063:Flying car 6028:Tiltrotors 6016:Rotorcraft 5850:Bombardier 5707:Supersonic 5351:2018-12-17 5034:2024-03-06 4717:AirInsight 4678:2023-03-14 4628:18 January 4314:(2): 147, 3930:039450223X 3375:References 3191:Boeing 747 3160:Boeing 747 2987:turbulence 2818:oil prices 2810:GDP growth 2731:Bombardier 2672:net orders 2666:deliveries 2404:Boeing 747 2384:Boeing 717 2365:Boeing 757 2346:Boeing 787 2327:Boeing 767 2266:Boeing 777 2168:15/12/2009 2164:Boeing 787 2140:24/02/2003 2132:Boeing 777 2109:20/06/1995 2104:Boeing 767 2080:09/02/1997 2048:14/06/2013 2020:02/11/1992 1988:22/02/1987 1959:16/09/2013 1908:Boeing 787 1892:Boeing 777 1877:Boeing 767 1848:and first 1842:Boeing 747 1816:Boeing 737 1794:Boeing 707 1712:Boeing 247 1618:after the 1608:Comac C919 1604:Xian MA700 1584:Inside MRO 1466:Boeing 767 1393:Boeing 737 1366:Boeing 707 1338:turboprops 1326:propliners 1294:lavatories 1290:Beechcraft 1093:Boeing 747 1081:Boeing 747 1075:The first 1053:Comac C919 1045:Boeing 737 1028:, and the 1010:Boeing 727 1006:Boeing 717 986:Boeing 707 852:Air France 817:Convair 37 745:supersonic 702:Avro Tudor 694:turboprops 562:Boeing 314 531:Boeing 247 338:Le Bourget 272:Montevideo 229:Casablanca 221:RAF Kenley 111:turboprops 69:passengers 46:Boeing 737 7650:Airliners 7614:Air cargo 6907:Aerodrome 6585:Alliances 6399:Sri Lanka 6309:Indonesia 6229:Australia 6224:Argentina 6040:Executive 5920:Trimotors 5753:Wide-body 5717:Triplanes 5712:Trimotors 5657:Aerobatic 5264:0143-7240 5124:: 456–458 4480:Aeroplane 4453:0143-7240 4445:Aeroplane 4427:0143-7240 4419:Aeroplane 4278:BBC News, 3564:0143-7240 3556:Aeroplane 3245:Wide-body 3120:corrosion 2946:air vents 2928:, and/or 2873:grounding 2812:but also 2507:/900/1000 2152:349.7-351 2134:-300ER/F/ 2092:70.1-88.3 1971:60.8-67.6 1943:MTOW (t) 1746:turboprop 1614:, or the 1489:(Ukraine) 1409:turboprop 1334:turbofans 1246:air taxis 1208:turboprop 1202:, or the 617:Australia 508:impressed 471:Lufthansa 264:Argentina 149:When the 145:Emergence 130:air taxis 107:turbofans 85:wide-body 73:air cargo 18:Airliners 7555:Tracking 7290:Air rage 7024:Passport 7013:internal 6947:Boarding 6942:Airstair 6799:Airliner 6593:Oneworld 6527:Airlines 6459:Interwar 6414:Thailand 6374:Portugal 6359:Pakistan 6339:Malaysia 6249:Bulgaria 6000:X-planes 5983:Research 5910:Twinjets 5883:Ilyushin 5736:Fuselage 5722:Unmanned 5412:pre-1914 5338:DVB Bank 5008:18 March 4977:afar.com 4518:47809267 4087:: 22–25. 4045:Archived 3949:18 March 3862:cite web 3784:18 March 3761:26 April 3510:Archived 3469:4 August 3465:(2): 360 3282:See also 2972:exit row 2942:lavatory 2675:backlog 2641:jet fuel 2603:Saab 340 2308:original 1940:Backlog 1832:Concorde 1785:turbofan 1771:jetliner 1748:airliner 1688:May 2024 1647:jetliner 1525:(Brazil) 1519:(Canada) 1407:, while 1389:Saab 340 1099:and the 996:and its 910:Concorde 753:Concorde 733:BAC 1-11 721:jetliner 677:engine. 613:Far East 458:through 370:Brussels 252:fuselage 115:mainline 91:between 77:airlines 65:airplane 61:airliner 7550:Standby 7212:Bag tag 7204:Baggage 7029:Timatic 6992:Customs 6899:Airport 6731:Aircrew 6680:Europe 6598:SkyTeam 6379:Romania 6344:Morocco 6319:Ireland 6294:Germany 6284:Finland 6274:Denmark 6219:Albania 6177:Fighter 6165:Torpedo 6043:Private 6021:utility 5915:Trijets 5894:Tupolev 5872:Embraer 5828:Antonov 5677:Gliders 5587:Gliders 5402:By name 4982:6 April 4956:6 April 4951:vox.com 4335:Flight, 3852:4 April 3633:26 June 3271:rollers 3233:freight 2827:airshow 2794:14,702 2714:Embraer 2649:airline 2183:242-330 2155:336-400 2095:126-188 2076:737 MAX 2063:325-366 2060:280-316 2035:247-287 2032:242-251 2016:A330neo 2003:124-206 2000:75.5-97 1974:116-141 1900:– full 1873:twinjet 1781:twinjet 1569:Embraer 1551:(China) 1523:Embraer 1513:(China) 1487:Antonov 1330:turbine 1318:Jet Age 1312:Engines 1302:galleys 690:Vickers 487:Baghdad 444:airmail 440:hangars 432:runways 404:biplane 326:cockpit 276:Vickers 233:Mogador 225:Croydon 223:, near 140:History 6977:Runway 6884:Galley 6784:Purser 6419:Turkey 6404:Sweden 6384:Russia 6369:Poland 6354:Norway 6324:Israel 6299:Greece 6289:France 6254:Canada 6244:Brazil 6239:Belize 6202:Nation 6192:Tanker 6160:Bomber 6155:Attack 5962:Racers 5892: 5881: 5870: 5859: 5848: 5839:Boeing 5837: 5826: 5817:Airbus 5815: 5765:Weight 5306: 5287: 5262: 5241: 5206: 5187: 5171: 5156: 5137: 5105: 5090: 5075: 5060: 4516: 4506: 4451: 4425: 4400: 3928: 3908: 3825:Flight 3750:Flight 3728:Flight 3713:Flight 3680:21 May 3669:Flight 3562: 3537: 3434: 3338:Topics 3223:Most " 3108:mucosa 2908:Airbus 2889:GE CF6 2885:PW4000 2777:1,080 2709:6,845 2697:Airbus 2692:5,660 2680:Boeing 2627:Market 2460:1,102 2321:1,006 2298:1,093 2279:1,258 2260:5,115 2241:6,041 2126:3,255 2106:-300F 2083:11,447 1991:14,096 1928:Model 1860:trijet 1567:, and 1537:Sukhoi 1499:Boeing 1481:Airbus 1442:Boeing 1430:lifted 1391:, and 1288:, and 1278:Cessna 1216:ATR 42 1212:Dash-8 1139:; the 1115:, the 1079:, the 984:, the 918:Airbus 900:was a 869:London 842:France 739:, and 667:bomber 621:Canada 452:Pan Am 446:, and 381:London 342:Sabena 299:Fokker 284:spruce 121:, and 6714:AFRAA 6659:ISTAT 6654:IATAN 6394:Spain 6334:Japan 6329:Italy 6304:India 6279:Egypt 6264:China 6259:Chile 5934:Range 5512:Li-Lz 5507:La-Lh 5482:Go-Gz 5457:Co-Cz 5452:Cd-Cn 5442:Br-Bz 5437:Bf-Bo 5427:An-Az 5422:Ai-Am 5345:(PDF) 5334:(PDF) 5118:(pdf) 4596:(PDF) 4585:(PDF) 3846:(PDF) 3311:Lists 3267:belts 3128:short 3038:A310s 2956:Seats 2791:1,583 2788:110.1 2785:1,704 2782:Total 2765:Other 2468:42/72 2457:1,140 2454:1,235 2451:1,358 2441:2015 2429:Model 2295:1,169 2292:1,214 2289:1,269 2276:1,319 2273:1,387 2270:1,422 2257:5,556 2254:5,968 2251:6,373 2238:6,516 2235:6,838 2232:7,132 2222:2015 2210:Model 2193:Fleet 2171:1,377 2143:1,356 2089:4,672 2086:6,775 2026:1,333 2023:1,613 1997:5,901 1994:8,195 1511:Comac 1282:Piper 1186:, or 1113:Il-96 1105:MD-11 1002:MD-90 998:MD-80 948:Types 865:Paris 503:flaps 412:DH.34 400:DH.29 366:Paris 350:SABCA 307:F.III 189:cabin 7164:ICAO 6957:Gate 6719:RAAA 6709:AAPA 6704:AACO 6689:EBAA 6649:IATA 6644:ATAG 6314:Iran 6143:Role 5768:Size 5727:VTOL 5702:STOL 5650:Type 5601:List 5592:List 5477:G-Gn 5447:C-Ca 5432:B-Be 5417:0-Ah 5304:ISBN 5285:ISBN 5260:ISSN 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