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1236:. The music has been influenced by language, the environment, a variety of cultures, politics, and population movement, all of which are intermingled. Each African group evolved in a different area of the continent, which means that they ate different foods, faced different weather conditions, and came in contact with different groups than other societies did. Each group moved at different rates and to different places than others, and thus each was influenced by different people and circumstances. Furthermore, each society did not necessarily operate under the same government, which also significantly influenced their music styles.
1807:
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United
Kingdom. Kalpop music has found a home to a growing fan base and with a number of locally established as well as emerging Kalpop bands (there are over thirteen active local Kalpop bands in Nairobi alone) further cementing this genre by engaging in different as well as mutually organised Kalpop themed events. DON SANTO, Badman Killa, Blessed Paul, Cash B, Jay Nuclear, Rekless, G-Youts (Washu B and Nicki Mulla), Sleek Whizz, Chizei, are among the many artists playing Kalpop music in Kenya.
1533:, who played a key-role, in the 60s, in drawing global audience's attention to African music and its meaning. Zenzile Miriam Makeba was said to have been one of the most influential and popular musicians of Africa, beginning in the 1950s. She was a part of three bands, including one all-woman band and two others. She performed all types of jazz music, traditional African music, and music that was popular in Western Africa at the time. Miriam played a majority of her music in the form of "
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1205:, leading to a close connection between music and language in some local cultures. These particular communities use vocal sounds and movements with their music as well. In singing, the tonal pattern or the text puts some constraints on the melodic patterns. On the other hand, in instrumental music a native speaker of a language can often perceive a text or texts in the music. This effect also forms the basis of
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1545:, as well as indigenous styles of music." After she moved to the U.S., problems with Makeba's passport occurred and she had to stay in America, it was said that she put an American twist on most of her African music. She had a very diverse scale of her vocal range and could hit almost any note. "The Empress of African Music" died at the age of 76.
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were among the earliest
African performing artists to develop sizable fan bases in the United States. Non-commercial African-American radio stations promoted African music as part of their cultural and political missions in the 1960s and 1970s. African music also found eager audiences at Historically
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Music is important to religion in Africa, where rituals and religious ceremonies use music to pass down stories from generation to generation as well as to sing and dance to. Additionally, music is important to the culture as a whole, not only as a form of religious and self-expression, but also as a
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musical instruments: membranophones, chordophones, aerophones, idiophones, and percussion. Membranophones are the drums, including kettles, clay pots, and barrels. Chordophones are stringed instruments like harps and fiddles. Aerophones are another name for wind instruments. These can include flutes
1651:
is a music genre that originated in the
Klassikan royal communities under Klassik Nation record label. Kalpop is a genre of Klassikan, African, lingual (multicultured), and popular music that originated in its modern form during the mid-1990s in Kenya and later spread to the United States and the
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style: one voice or instrument plays a short melodic phrase, and that phrase is echoed by another voice or instrument. The call-and-response nature extends to the rhythm, where one drum will play a rhythmic pattern, echoed by another drum playing the same pattern. African music is also highly
337:
African Music has a deep relationship with the community. African music is made for both public enjoyment and public participation; which makes
African music fall under the category of Community Music, where active community and public participation in music making is encouraged. It is this
609:
and political activities, music to ward off evil spirits and to pay respects to good spirits, the dead and the ancestors. None of this is performed outside its intended social context and much of it is associated with a particular dance. Some of it, performed by professional musicians, is
330:. The ethnomusicologists taking part in the study looked to learn aspects of history through music, along with its traditions. Additionally, some ethnomusicologists, such as John Collins, looked to study more specific aspects of music from Ghana, such as the presence of
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emerge in
Zimbabwe. In 2016 Sony Music launched in Africa by opening an office in Nigeria. Traditionally services of western major international studios have not been available in Africa, the local demand for their music being met through piracy.
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Idiophones are rattles and shakers, while percussion can be sounds like foot-stomping and hand-clapping. Many of the wooden instruments have shapes or pictures carved out into them to represent ancestry. Some are decorated with feathers or beads.
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has been held annually with growing success in
Morocco, presenting musical artists with roots in Africa through showcases, music videos and marketing for professionals from the creative industries worldwide.
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and dousn'gouni are examples of these instruments which organize notes not in the usual single linear order from bass to treble, but in two separated rank arrays which allows additional ease in playing
2937:
1500:, derive to varying degrees from musical traditions from Africa, taken to the Americas by enslaved Africans. These rhythms and sounds have subsequently been adapted by newer genres like
1523:. Linda was illiterate however created songs during his childhood whilst guarding cattle. Solomon Linda's Original Evening Birds' most internationally acclaimed hit released in 1939, "
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1568:, has had an influence on certain popular music in Africa. Some of the first guitar bands on the continent played covers of Cuban songs. The early guitar-based bands from the
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form of media to communicate about important demographic issues, politics, and morals. Music in Africa is embedded into every aspect of life and at every social transitions.
252:
Like the music of Asia, India and the Middle East, it is a highly rhythmic music. The complex rhythmic patterns often involving one rhythm played against another to create a
1262:. These styles have all borrowed from African rhythms and sounds, brought over the Atlantic Ocean by enslaved Africans. African music in Sub-Saharan Africa is mostly upbeat
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For
African artists, concerts were one of the few ways to earn in the industry. Piracy and changing consumer behavior are behind declining sales of records. Enforcement of
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Many other cultures have studied
African music though time, hence the mass influence that it has had on others. For instance, in December 2002, the Swiss Society for
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in the early 7th century), including lyrics praising God, melody, note changes, "words that seem to quiver and shake" in the vocal chords, dramatic changes in
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and is limited by internet speeds in Africa. Some
African countries, including Kenya, Gambia and South Africa, have seen protest over perceived excessive
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in
Western music. Several uniquely designed instruments have evolved there over time to facilitate the playing of simultaneous contrasting rhythms. The
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Davis, Joshua Clark (December 2015). "African Sounds in the American South: Community Radio, Historically Black Colleges, and Musical Pan-Africanism".
295:. There are subtle differences in pitch and intonation that do not easily translate to Western notation. African music most closely adheres to Western
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is frequently functional in nature. Performances may be long and often involve the participation of the audience. There are, for example, specialized
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338:
importance of community that establishes Christopher Small's idea of Social Happiness and musicking, which is wildly important in this culture.
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given to American music. In Zimbabwe 75% of airtime has to be given to local music. Protective actions have seen the growth of new genres like
1529:" was the first African record to sell over 100,000 copies. One of the most important 20th century singers of South African popular music was
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since the seventh and eighth centuries." In terms of instrumentation, Kubik notes that stringed instruments (including ancestors of the
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improvised. A core rhythmic pattern is typically played, with drummers then improvising new patterns over the static original patterns.
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musical instruments. The musical traditions of the Irish and Scottish settlers merged with African-American musical elements to become
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and joyful, whereas the blues should be viewed as an aesthetic development resulting from the conditions of slavery in the new world.
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is vast and varied. Most contemporary genres of African popular music build on cross-pollination with western popular music. Many
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586:. Similarly, master drummer and scholar C. K. Ladzekpo affirms the "profound homogeneity" of Bantu African rhythmic principles.
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Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) and appealed particularly to activists in the civil rights and Black Power movements.
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and others. African music also uses a large variety of instruments from all across the continent. The music and dance of the
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960:) were traditionally favored by Muslim West Africans, while drumming was traditionally favored by non-Muslim West Africans.
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1149:, bells and wood sticks. Also, Africa has many other types of drums, and many flutes and stringed and wind instruments.
311:(seven-note) scales. Harmonization of the melody is accomplished by singing in parallel thirds, fourths, or fifths (see
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1576:(although it was son rather than rumba-based). The Congolese style eventually evolved into what became known as
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are similarly in the broad Sub-Saharan musical tradition. They also have several ancillary influences, from the
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Certain Sub-Saharan African musical traditions also had a significant influence on such works as Disney's
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avant-garde drummer, laid the initial drum patterns that created the Afro-rock sounds in bands such as
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employs South African bands, rhythms and melodies as a musical backdrop for his own lyrics; especially
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1181:. The continuing influence of this principle can be seen in the 20th century American instruments the
582:(1889â1980) observed that the shared rhythmic principles of Bantu African music traditions constitute
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Kubik, Gerhard, 1934- (1999). Africa and the blues. Jackson, Miss.: University Press of Mississippi.
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with more modern western styles. Additionally, the Disney film incorporates numerous words from the
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2830:"Tony Allen: The veteran Afrobeat drummer is shaking his sticks as hard and as brilliantly as ever"
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1425:, for example, is an actual Swahili phrase that does in fact mean "no worries". Characters such as
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1508:. Similarly, African popular music has adopted elements, particularly the musical instruments and
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Conteh, Mankaprr; Makinde, Tami; Madzadza, Miya; Saraki, Seni; Wangeci, Tela (28 December 2022).
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and non-Muslim regions more influenced by indigenous traditions, according to the historian
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3206:"With 1505 musicians applying, Visa For Music 2023 receives a record number of submissions"
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1429:, Kovu, and Zira are also Swahili words, meaning "lion", "scar", and "hate", respectively.
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697:, though the region's indigenous musical traditions are primarily in the mainstream of the
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and English lyrics, as well as traditional African styles of music such as South African
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917:. According to Diouf, traditional Muslim West African Music incorporates elements of the
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1962:"Culture and communication: music, song and dance as medium of communications in Ăfrica"
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2930:"The African song that inspired Shakira's Waka Waka is back, thanks to Instagram Reels"
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2447:, Coordination Group Publications, UK, 2006, p. 35, quoting examination board syllabus.
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of the desert nomads. The region's art music has for centuries followed the outline of
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3181:"Sony Music's New Office in Africa Signals a Promising Near-Future for the Continent"
3133:
2548:"The recent influence of African Music on the American music scene and music market".
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2899:"This video explores the countless songs that sample Manu Dibango's 'Soul Makossa'"
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2006:
1973:
1947:
The Power of Black Music: Interpreting Its History from Africa to the United States
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Afrobeat, juju, fuji, highlife, makossa, and kizomba are performed in West Africa.
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2167:"Circles and Time: A Theory of Structural Organization of Rhythm in African Music"
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is one of the most universal characteristics of Sub-Saharan music, in contrast to
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and trumpets, similar to the instruments one hears in American music. In Northern
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2034:"Recordings of African Popular Music: A Valuable Source for Historians of Africa"
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1893:"Definitions of Styles and Genres: Traditional and Contemporary African Music"
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African music has been a major factor in the shaping of what we know today as
538:. The music of the Ethiopian highlands uses a fundamental modal system called
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2564:"'The Lion Sleeps Tonight': The Ongoing Saga of Pop's Most Contentious Song"
940:. According to Kubik, the vocal style of Muslim West African singers "using
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African popular music commonly referred to as African pop or afro-pop like
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Besides vocalisation, which uses various techniques such as complex hard
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Musicologically, Sub-Saharan Africa may be divided into four regions:
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Aar Maanta performing with his band at Pier Scheveningen Strandweg in
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African Music: Journal of the International Library of African Music
1537:", which was "a style of vocal harmony which drew on American jazz,
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are also used. African musical instruments include a wide range of
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173:, formed to varying degrees on African musical traditions, include
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Recordings of African music from the British Library's collections
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Traditional music in most of the continent is passed down through
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2518:"Joseph Shabalala, Ladysmith Black Mambazo Founder, Dies at 78"
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African music industry can spark billions worth of investments
2472:"What was the origin of African popular music? â SidmartinBio"
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held multiple conferences in an attempt to study the music of
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2735:"With The Traditional And The Exotic, Africa Invigorates Pop"
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The Greenwood Encyclopedia of World Popular Culture, Volume 4
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3126:"Africa's first music download service launches in Senegal"
2769:"'The Lion Sleeps Tonight' Song of the Day for November 17"
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or ceremonial and courtly music performed at royal courts.
186:
29:"African Music" redirects here. For the music journal, see
2882:
Afro-Cuban Comes Home: The Birth and Growth of Congo Music
453:). North African music has a considerable range, from the
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3270:
1063:
2856:"Femi And Seun Kuti Keep Their Father's Rebellious Beat"
677:(which can also be considered to be in East Africa) and
3259:(Abridged paperback edition of vol."Africa", vol. 1 of
3159:"South African artists fume over lack of radio airplay"
109:
traditions. African music includes the genres makwaya,
2701:"POP MUSIC; The Rise and Rise Of Irresistible Afropop"
2144:"Play of Meaning and the Meaning of Play in Jazz, The"
346:
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1885:
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Azande song from the Congo performed with xylophone.
283:
Another distinguishing form of African music is its
4701:
2335:, Coordination Group Publications, UK, 2006, p. 36.
1664:remains weak in Africa. MusikBi is the first legal
3334:Lecture on music and politics in contemporary Mali
2964:"Why Shakira Remains the Queen of World Cup Music"
2191:
1882:
1232:Historically, several factors have influenced the
2302:. London: Oxford University Press. 1978 edition:
1605:is the most sampled African record, in history.
353:Middle Eastern and North African music traditions
5304:
1101:Drums used in African traditional music include
1070:serving as musical accompaniment in some areas.
2262:The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
2031:
55:for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling
2596:2008. Disney, 1997â2008. Web. 1 February 2010.
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473:: its popular contemporary genres include the
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3784:
3360:
2251:Shelemay, Kay Kaufman (2001). "Ethiopia". In
1270:has likely evolved as a fusion of an African
276:, and tone-producing instruments such as the
3237:. 1992, cop. 1991. New York: Da Capo Press.
2460:. New York: Norton and Company, 1974. Print.
1133:. Other percussion instruments include many
1125:and West Africa, and the different types of
3251:2nd edn, 2008. NY & Oxford: Routledge.
3235:Africa O-YĂ©: a Celebration of African Music
3024:"Why Kalpop Music Is A Revolutionary Genre"
2246:
2244:
2222:
2216:
2185:
2183:
1192:
4694:
4680:
3791:
3777:
3367:
3353:
3132:. Agence France-Presse. 24 February 2016.
3017:
3015:
2874:
1949:. Oxford University Press. pp. 14â34.
2649:
2343:
2341:
2265:. Vol. viii (2nd ed.). London:
2189:
1995:"African music within its social setting"
1977:
1552:and Tony Allen performed Afrobeat music.
570:West, Central, Southeast and South Africa
502:and of the Horn of Africa, including the
79:Learn how and when to remove this message
3318:) is being considered for deletion. See
3098:
3047:
2893:
2294:
2292:
2250:
2241:
2180:
1564:. The Afro-Euro hybrid style, the Cuban
1468:
1457:
1288:
1220:
1018:, and harp-like instruments such as the
967:
881:
681:. Many of these have been influenced by
482:
386:, civilizations with strong ties to the
364:
3261:The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music
3021:
3012:
2729:
2512:
2469:
2273:
2032:Arlt, Veit; Lichtenhahn, Ernst (2004).
1857:
1785:Traditional sub-Saharan African harmony
439:(sky-blue and dark green region on map)
313:Traditional sub-Saharan African harmony
14:
5305:
3276:International Library of African Music
3101:"Biography and Career of Blessed Paul"
2958:
2763:
2558:
2347:
2338:
2321:"Cultural Understanding of Polyrhythm"
1992:
1959:
1745:International Library of African Music
1517:Solomon Linda's Original Evening Birds
963:
544:, of which there are four main modes:
97:continent, its music is diverse, with
4675:
3772:
3348:
3249:The Garland handbook of African Music
3161:. musicinafrica.net. 26 February 2016
2927:
2909:from the original on 13 December 2023
2880:Roberts, John Storm (1986: cassette)
2853:
2695:
2677:from the original on 28 December 2022
2627:
2607:"The Lion King Pride: The Characters"
2528:from the original on 11 February 2020
2323:. Foundation Course in African Music.
2289:
2141:
2114:
1979:10.11606/issn.2526-303X.v0i10p131-139
1944:
1668:website in Africa. It does not offer
1361:. He continued to work with Winwood,
3303:Historical Notes on African Melodies
2940:from the original on 5 February 2023
2779:from the original on 15 January 2024
1917:
1870:from the original on 28 October 2021
1853:
1851:
871:of Africa, and in modern times, the
761:the Democratic Republic of the Congo
430:, who established the region as the
414:, while Carthage was later ruled by
258:Sub-Saharan African music traditions
35:
3798:
3374:
3050:"BIOGRAPHY AND CAREER OF DON SANTO"
2974:from the original on 3 January 2024
2928:Thapa, Shaurya (6 September 2022).
2667:"The 40 Best Afropop Songs of 2022"
2445:GCSE Music â Edexcel Areas of Study
2333:GCSE Music â Edexcel Areas of Study
1637:presumably soldier-tribute, melody
347:North Africa and the Horn of Africa
341:
24:
3227:
2470:Fleming, Esther (1 January 2020).
2190:Abdullahi, Mohamed Diriye (2001).
902:regions incorporating elements of
25:
5324:
4437:Confederation of African Football
3322:to help reach a consensus. âș
3290:
3099:Reviewer, Upbeat (1 April 2021).
3048:Reviewer, Upbeat (1 April 2021).
3022:Analyst, Upbeat (31 March 2021).
1993:Tracey, Hugh (30 November 1958).
1848:
1655:
1240:Influence on North American music
3675:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
3445:Democratic Republic of the Congo
3298:Glossary of African music styles
2745:from the original on 24 May 2015
2711:from the original on 24 May 2015
2630:Journal of Popular Music Studies
2574:from the original on 21 May 2023
2227:. Greenwood Press. p. 205.
2164:
2148:Journal of Consciousness Studies
2115:Bebey, Francis (1 August 1999).
1858:Collins, Professor John (2002).
1829:
1817:
1805:
1622:Waka Waka (This Time for Africa)
1591:'s, internationally innumerably
441:, its music has close ties with
40:
3210:HESPRESS English - Morocco News
3198:
3173:
3151:
3118:
3092:
3067:
3041:
2986:
2952:
2921:
2887:
2847:
2822:
2802:
2791:
2757:
2723:
2689:
2658:
2621:
2599:
2586:
2552:
2540:
2506:
2489:
2463:
2450:
2438:
2313:
2158:
2142:Borgo, David (1 January 2004).
2135:
1381:The Lion King II: Simba's Pride
1307:often used West African rhythms
1189:which are new modern examples.
534:(seven note) scale such as the
2194:Culture and customs of Somalia
2108:
2083:
2025:
1986:
1953:
1938:
1911:
898:has regional variations, with
498:With these may be grouped the
245:, and have in turn influenced
13:
1:
3307:
2428:"African musical instruments"
2118:African Music: A People's Art
1842:
1700:Music of the African diaspora
1512:techniques of western music.
1317:, the American folk musician
445:and utilizes similar melodic
264:of many varieties, including
241:were founded on the music of
1730:Ian Brennan (music producer)
757:the Central African Republic
703:NigerâCongo-speaking peoples
627:(light green regions on map)
518:. Somali music is typically
7:
4165:International organisations
2798:Miriam Makeba#Musical style
2353:"Muslim Roots of the Blues"
2282:, liner notes of the album
1692:
1234:traditional music of Africa
1217:Influences on African music
1129:(or engoma) in Central and
848:as well as islands such as
10:
5329:
4417:Africa Cricket Association
4223:Countries by GDP (nominal)
2223:Hoppenstand, Gary (2007).
1765:List of African guitarists
1519:vocal group was formed by
1451:
1447:
1243:
1199:languages spoken in Africa
804:, of the inland plains of
661:as well as the islands of
566:, a song of reminiscence.
471:Andalusian classical music
350:
93:Given the vastness of the
28:
4710:
4633:
4540:
4469:
4432:Australian-rules football
4407:
4349:
4340:
4292:
4285:
4213:
4204:
4101:
4092:
4023:Countries and territories
4018:
4009:
3969:
3926:
3819:
3810:
3688:
3663:
3382:
3263:with additional articles)
2810:"Obituary: Miriam Makeba"
2091:"Definition of MUSICKING"
2053:10.1017/S0361541300003557
1945:Floyd, Samuel A. (1995).
1684:SInce 2014, the festival
1482:African traditional music
1073:There are five groups of
1042:, and different types of
846:the Republic of the Congo
816:, the coastal nations of
749:(dark blue region on map)
390:and which influenced the
3430:Central African Republic
3320:templates for discussion
3267:Rhythms of the Continent
3075:"Artists & Industry"
2432:Contemporary African Art
2319:Ladzekpo, C. K. (1996).
2300:Studies in African Music
2121:. Chicago Review Press.
1225:Traditional drummers in
1193:Relationship to language
1058:are also used, with the
4479:Countries by population
4192:United States of Africa
2456:Nketia, J. H. Kwabena.
2363:San Francisco Chronicle
2095:www.merriam-webster.com
1960:Darkwa, Asante (1987).
1860:"African Popular Music"
1639:Zamina mina (Zangaléwa)
1486:genres of popular music
1387:The Lion Sleeps Tonight
1369:throughout the decade.
1327:Ladysmith Black Mambazo
31:African Music (journal)
5252:Sudanese popular music
4228:Countries by GDP (PPP)
4170:Pan-African Parliament
3961:Science and technology
2198:. Greenwood. pp.
1560:followed their father
1477:
1466:
1333:. In the early 1970s,
1308:
1286:, among other genres.
1246:African-American music
1229:
1086:Republic and Northern
983:
919:Islamic call to prayer
891:
778:(yellow region on map)
495:
455:music of ancient Egypt
372:
262:percussion instruments
4704:African popular music
3881:European colonisation
3844:Pre-colonial kingdoms
3590:SĂŁo TomĂ© and PrĂncipe
3450:Republic of the Congo
2298:Jones, A. M. (1959).
2011:10.21504/amj.v2i1.531
1899:. Columbia University
1864:University of Alberta
1710:African popular music
1543:Anglican church hymns
1472:
1461:
1454:African popular music
1292:
1224:
1014:, different types of
971:
889:
850:Sao Tome and Principe
718:music of South Africa
714:(brown region on map)
597:, songs accompanying
486:
368:
247:African popular music
105:having many distinct
4452:Stadiums by capacity
4399:World Heritage Sites
3876:European exploration
2962:(30 November 2022).
2767:(16 November 2023).
2546:Azam, O. A. (1993),
2516:(11 February 2020).
2476:www.sidmartinbio.org
1465:during a performance
1274:scale with European
977:Abderrahmane Abdelli
443:Middle Eastern music
361:Middle Eastern music
207:Latin American music
4872:African heavy metal
4136:Freedom of religion
4121:Heads of government
3913:Scramble for Africa
3665:States with limited
3247:Ruth M. Stone, ed.
2818:. 11 November 2008.
2562:(7 November 2019).
2458:The Music of Africa
2369:on 5 September 2005
1750:Arthur Morris Jones
1705:African heavy metal
1610:2010 FIFA World Cup
1572:called their music
1075:Sub-Saharan African
996:musical instruments
964:Musical instruments
580:Arthur Morris Jones
422:. North Africa was
260:frequently rely on
3861:Indian Ocean trade
3105:The Nairobi Upbeat
3054:The Nairobi Upbeat
3028:The Nairobi Upbeat
3000:. 8 September 2020
2739:The New York Times
2705:The New York Times
2699:(9 January 1994).
2642:10.1111/jpms.12150
2592:"The Characters."
2522:The New York Times
2351:(15 August 2004).
1504:, soul music, and
1478:
1467:
1441:Babatunde Olatunji
1351:The Rolling Stones
1309:
1230:
1056:string instruments
994:, a wide array of
984:
921:(originating from
896:West African music
892:
775:West African music
576:ethnomusicological
496:
373:
334:in popular music.
280:or "thumb piano."
59:You can assist by
5300:
5299:
4669:
4668:
4536:
4535:
4465:
4464:
4281:
4280:
4258:Natural resources
4200:
4199:
4146:Linguistic rights
4088:
4087:
4005:
4004:
3766:
3765:
3692:other territories
3465:Equatorial Guinea
3280:Rhodes University
3257:978-0-415-96102-8
2884:, Original Music.
2854:Anikulapo, Seun.
2234:978-0-313-33255-5
2209:978-0-313-31333-2
2128:978-1-61374-661-5
2041:History in Africa
1918:Estrella, Espie.
1770:Mine bengidzakiwe
1720:Victor Kofi Agawu
1601:" was released. "
912:ethnomusicologist
887:
591:traditional music
530:in contrast to a
388:ancient Near East
285:call-and-response
243:enslaved Africans
89:
88:
81:
16:(Redirected from
5320:
5237:Shangaan Electro
4696:
4689:
4682:
4673:
4672:
4649:
4642:
4427:Afro-Asian Games
4347:
4346:
4290:
4289:
4268:Renewable energy
4233:Countries by HDI
4211:
4210:
4099:
4098:
4016:
4015:
3817:
3816:
3793:
3786:
3779:
3770:
3769:
3753:
3752:(United Kingdom)
3748:Tristan da Cunha
3744:Ascension Island
3736:
3723:
3714:
3690:Dependencies and
3383:Sovereign states
3376:Music of Africa
3369:
3362:
3355:
3346:
3345:
3222:
3221:
3219:
3217:
3202:
3196:
3195:
3193:
3191:
3177:
3171:
3170:
3168:
3166:
3155:
3149:
3148:
3146:
3144:
3122:
3116:
3115:
3113:
3111:
3096:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3085:
3071:
3065:
3064:
3062:
3060:
3045:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3034:
3019:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3005:
2994:"Klassik Nation"
2990:
2984:
2983:
2981:
2979:
2960:Flores, Griselda
2956:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2945:
2925:
2919:
2918:
2916:
2914:
2895:Durosomo, Damola
2891:
2885:
2878:
2872:
2871:
2869:
2867:
2851:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2840:
2826:
2820:
2819:
2806:
2800:
2795:
2789:
2788:
2786:
2784:
2761:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2750:
2727:
2721:
2720:
2718:
2716:
2693:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2682:
2662:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2625:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2614:
2603:
2597:
2594:Lion King Pride.
2590:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2579:
2556:
2550:
2544:
2538:
2537:
2535:
2533:
2510:
2504:
2493:
2487:
2486:
2484:
2482:
2467:
2461:
2454:
2448:
2442:
2436:
2435:
2424:
2415:
2414:
2408:
2403:
2401:
2393:
2385:
2379:
2378:
2376:
2374:
2365:. Archived from
2349:Curiel, Jonathan
2345:
2336:
2330:
2324:
2317:
2311:
2296:
2287:
2277:
2271:
2270:
2248:
2239:
2238:
2220:
2214:
2213:
2197:
2187:
2178:
2177:
2171:
2162:
2156:
2155:
2139:
2133:
2132:
2112:
2106:
2105:
2103:
2101:
2087:
2081:
2080:
2038:
2029:
2023:
2022:
1990:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1957:
1951:
1950:
1942:
1936:
1935:
1933:
1931:
1915:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1889:
1880:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1855:
1834:
1833:
1832:
1822:
1821:
1810:
1809:
1808:
1801:
1548:In West Africa,
1510:recording studio
1506:rhythm and blues
1419:Swahili language
1297:progressive rock
1054:. Additionally,
1030:, many kinds of
888:
782:music of Senegal
685:and also by the
675:Music of Somalia
504:music of Eritrea
342:Music by regions
307:(six-note), and
193:genres, such as
171:African diaspora
84:
77:
73:
70:
64:
44:
43:
36:
21:
5328:
5327:
5323:
5322:
5321:
5319:
5318:
5317:
5313:Music of Africa
5303:
5302:
5301:
5296:
5282:Zimbabwean jazz
5163:Muziki wa dansi
5026:Burger-highlife
4986:Congolese rumba
4840:Nigerian reggae
4727:African hip hop
4706:
4700:
4670:
4665:
4652:
4645:
4638:
4629:
4532:
4528:Youth in Africa
4506:Life expectancy
4461:
4403:
4379:Africanfuturism
4336:
4277:
4273:Stock exchanges
4196:
4084:
4043:Natural history
4001:
3965:
3922:
3871:Muslim conquest
3866:Bantu expansion
3806:
3797:
3767:
3762:
3761:
3751:
3734:
3721:
3712:
3693:
3691:
3684:
3668:
3666:
3659:
3378:
3373:
3343:
3325:Music of Africa
3323:
3293:
3230:
3228:Further reading
3225:
3215:
3213:
3212:. 19 April 2023
3204:
3203:
3199:
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3179:
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3156:
3152:
3142:
3140:
3124:
3123:
3119:
3109:
3107:
3097:
3093:
3083:
3081:
3079:Music In Africa
3073:
3072:
3068:
3058:
3056:
3046:
3042:
3032:
3030:
3020:
3013:
3003:
3001:
2998:Music In Africa
2992:
2991:
2987:
2977:
2975:
2957:
2953:
2943:
2941:
2926:
2922:
2912:
2910:
2892:
2888:
2879:
2875:
2865:
2863:
2852:
2848:
2838:
2836:
2834:The Independent
2828:
2827:
2823:
2815:TheGuardian.com
2808:
2807:
2803:
2796:
2792:
2782:
2780:
2765:Zoldan, Sheldon
2762:
2758:
2748:
2746:
2733:(13 May 1984).
2728:
2724:
2714:
2712:
2694:
2690:
2680:
2678:
2663:
2659:
2626:
2622:
2612:
2610:
2605:
2604:
2600:
2591:
2587:
2577:
2575:
2557:
2553:
2545:
2541:
2531:
2529:
2511:
2507:
2503:. OCLC 44959610
2494:
2490:
2480:
2478:
2468:
2464:
2455:
2451:
2443:
2439:
2426:
2425:
2418:
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2404:
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2387:
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2318:
2314:
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2274:
2249:
2242:
2235:
2221:
2217:
2210:
2188:
2181:
2169:
2163:
2159:
2154:(3â4): 174â190.
2140:
2136:
2129:
2113:
2109:
2099:
2097:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2036:
2030:
2026:
1991:
1987:
1972:(10): 131â139.
1958:
1954:
1943:
1939:
1929:
1927:
1924:Music Education
1920:"African music"
1916:
1912:
1902:
1900:
1891:
1890:
1883:
1873:
1871:
1856:
1849:
1845:
1840:
1830:
1828:
1816:
1806:
1804:
1796:
1794:
1755:Ashenafi Kebede
1695:
1658:
1584:songwriter and
1456:
1450:
1399:He Lives in You
1294:Steve Winwood's
1248:
1242:
1219:
1203:tonal languages
1195:
1152:The playing of
1131:Southern Africa
1044:wind instrument
966:
923:Bilal ibn Rabah
882:
631:music of Uganda
584:one main system
572:
424:later conquered
378:is the seat of
363:
351:Main articles:
349:
344:
324:Ethnomusicology
209:genres such as
147:Congolese rumba
85:
74:
68:
65:
58:
45:
41:
34:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5326:
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5018:
5013:
5008:
5003:
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4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
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4968:
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4951:
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4926:
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4906:
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4886:
4881:
4880:
4879:
4874:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4853:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4835:African reggae
4832:
4831:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4819:
4818:
4813:
4803:
4802:
4801:
4799:Hip hop galsen
4791:
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4781:
4776:
4771:
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4459:
4457:Tour d'Afrique
4454:
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4312:Climate change
4309:
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4248:Infrastructure
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4175:Pan-Africanism
4172:
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4151:Women's rights
4148:
4143:
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4128:
4126:Heads of state
4123:
4118:
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4033:Impact craters
4030:
4028:Highest points
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4019:
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3944:Historiography
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3918:Decolonisation
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3757:Western Sahara
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3701:Canary Islands
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3291:External links
3289:
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3287:
3282:
3273:
3264:
3245:
3233:Graeme Ewens.
3229:
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2897:(8 May 2020).
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2636:(4): 437â447.
2620:
2609:. Lionking.org
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2280:Abatte Barihun
2272:
2269:. p. 356.
2253:Sadie, Stanley
2240:
2233:
2215:
2208:
2179:
2165:Anku, Willie.
2157:
2134:
2127:
2107:
2082:
2024:
1985:
1966:Revista Ăfrica
1952:
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1735:Clave (rhythm)
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1707:
1702:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1686:Visa for Music
1666:music download
1657:
1656:Music industry
1654:
1452:Main article:
1449:
1446:
1393:Circle of Life
1363:Paul McCartney
1241:
1238:
1218:
1215:
1207:drum languages
1194:
1191:
1141:, such as the
1026:, as well as
965:
962:
934:musical scales
930:African Muslim
908:Sylviane Diouf
877:Western Europe
869:Muslim regions
854:
853:
772:
741:
706:
687:music of India
667:the Seychelles
571:
568:
500:music of Sudan
398:. Eventually,
396:Roman cultures
348:
345:
343:
340:
293:oral tradition
179:Dixieland jazz
175:American music
119:township music
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5031:Igbo highlife
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4715:African blues
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4496:Ethnic groups
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4422:African Games
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4302:Birth control
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4106:African Union
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3505:Guinea-Bissau
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3243:0-306-80461-1
3240:
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3211:
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3186:
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2671:Rolling Stone
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2608:
2602:
2595:
2589:
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2568:Rolling Stone
2565:
2561:
2560:Browne, David
2555:
2549:
2543:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2509:
2502:
2501:0-585-20318-0
2498:
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2390:Mayowa Blades
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2308:0-19-713512-9
2305:
2301:
2295:
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2258:
2257:Tyrrell, John
2254:
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1761:
1760:Gerhard Kubik
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
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1725:Paul Berliner
1723:
1721:
1718:
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1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1697:
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1679:
1678:Urban Grooves
1675:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1662:copyright law
1653:
1650:
1646:
1644:
1643:Golden Sounds
1640:
1636:
1632:
1631:Freshlyground
1628:
1624:
1623:
1619:theme-song, "
1618:
1614:
1611:
1606:
1604:
1603:Soul Makossa"
1600:
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1531:Miriam Makeba
1528:
1527:
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1521:Solomon Linda
1518:
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1507:
1503:
1499:
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1471:
1464:
1463:Miriam Makeba
1460:
1455:
1445:
1442:
1438:
1437:Hugh Masekela
1434:
1433:Miriam Makeba
1430:
1428:
1424:
1423:hakuna matata
1421:. The phrase
1420:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1400:
1395:
1394:
1389:
1388:
1383:
1382:
1377:
1376:
1375:The Lion King
1370:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1355:Steve Winwood
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1323:Miriam Makeba
1320:
1316:
1315:
1311:On his album
1306:
1302:
1298:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1247:
1237:
1235:
1228:
1223:
1214:
1212:
1211:talking drums
1208:
1204:
1200:
1190:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1179:cross rhythms
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1150:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1103:talking drums
1099:
1095:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
982:
978:
974:
970:
961:
959:
955:
951:
950:Islamic world
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
928:
924:
920:
916:
915:Gerhard Kubik
913:
909:
905:
904:Islamic music
901:
897:
880:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
818:Cote d'Ivoire
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
794:Guinea-Bissau
791:
787:
783:
780:includes the
779:
776:
773:
770:
766:
762:
758:
754:
753:music of Chad
751:includes the
750:
746:
742:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
716:includes the
715:
711:
707:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
629:includes the
628:
624:
620:
619:
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615:
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608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
587:
585:
581:
577:
567:
565:
561:
557:
556:
551:
547:
543:
542:
537:
533:
529:
525:
522:, using five
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
494:
490:
485:
481:
479:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
392:ancient Greek
389:
385:
381:
380:ancient Egypt
377:
371:
367:
362:
358:
354:
339:
335:
333:
329:
325:
320:
316:
314:
310:
306:
303:(five-note),
302:
299:(four-note),
298:
294:
289:
286:
281:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
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250:
248:
244:
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124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
91:
83:
80:
72:
62:
56:
54:
49:This article
47:
38:
37:
32:
27:
19:
18:African music
5210:Santé engagé
5153:Moroccan pop
5068:Kadongo Kamu
5048:Isicathamiya
4991:Coupé-décalé
4850:Zimdancehall
4720:desert blues
4511:Urbanization
4471:Demographics
4447:Rugby Africa
4388:
4354:Architecture
4238:Billionaires
4131:Human rights
3901:Indian Ocean
3832:North Africa
3740:Saint Helena
3711:
3615:South Africa
3605:Sierra Leone
3410:Burkina Faso
3375:
3313:
3260:
3248:
3234:
3214:. Retrieved
3209:
3200:
3188:. Retrieved
3184:
3175:
3163:. Retrieved
3153:
3141:. Retrieved
3130:The Guardian
3129:
3120:
3110:11 September
3108:. Retrieved
3104:
3094:
3084:11 September
3082:. Retrieved
3078:
3069:
3059:11 September
3057:. Retrieved
3053:
3043:
3033:11 September
3031:. Retrieved
3027:
3004:11 September
3002:. Retrieved
2997:
2988:
2976:. Retrieved
2967:
2954:
2942:. Retrieved
2933:
2923:
2911:. Retrieved
2902:
2889:
2881:
2876:
2864:. Retrieved
2859:
2849:
2837:. Retrieved
2833:
2824:
2813:
2804:
2793:
2781:. Retrieved
2772:
2759:
2747:. Retrieved
2738:
2731:Pareles, Jon
2725:
2713:. Retrieved
2704:
2691:
2679:. Retrieved
2670:
2660:
2633:
2629:
2623:
2611:. Retrieved
2601:
2593:
2588:
2576:. Retrieved
2567:
2554:
2542:
2530:. Retrieved
2521:
2514:Pareles, Jon
2508:
2491:
2479:. Retrieved
2475:
2465:
2457:
2452:
2444:
2440:
2431:
2389:
2383:
2371:. Retrieved
2367:the original
2356:
2332:
2328:
2315:
2299:
2275:
2260:
2224:
2218:
2193:
2174:Hugo Ribeiro
2173:
2160:
2151:
2147:
2137:
2117:
2110:
2098:. Retrieved
2094:
2085:
2044:
2040:
2027:
2005:(1): 56â58.
2002:
1998:
1988:
1969:
1965:
1955:
1946:
1940:
1928:. Retrieved
1923:
1913:
1901:. Retrieved
1896:
1872:. Retrieved
1863:
1683:
1659:
1647:
1633:sampled the
1625:" featuring
1620:
1607:
1602:
1598:Soul Makossa
1596:
1589:Manu Dibango
1573:
1547:
1525:
1514:
1488:, including
1479:
1431:
1422:
1408:isicathamiya
1397:
1391:
1385:
1379:
1373:
1371:
1343:Ginger Baker
1312:
1310:
1264:polyrhythmic
1249:
1231:
1196:
1151:
1100:
1096:
1072:
1038:such as the
1036:lamellophone
1012:double bells
985:
979:playing the
936:, and nasal
893:
855:
814:Burkina Faso
798:Sierra Leone
777:
767:, including
748:
744:
713:
709:
683:Arabic music
626:
622:
616:
612:sacral music
588:
583:
573:
559:
553:
549:
545:
539:
497:
463:Tuareg music
450:
438:
406:followed by
404:Persian rule
376:North Africa
374:
357:Arabic music
336:
332:Christianity
321:
317:
290:
282:
251:
92:
90:
75:
66:
53:copy editing
51:may require
50:
26:
4899:Ambasse bey
4816:Zenji flava
4811:Bongo Flava
4521:urban areas
4442:FIBA Africa
4141:LGBT rights
3839:Archaeology
3667:recognition
3620:South Sudan
3510:Ivory Coast
3308:âč The
2903:Okay Africa
2047:: 389â391.
1926:. about.com
1874:13 December
1790:World music
1780:Hugh Tracey
1715:Umm Kulthum
1613:afro-fusion
1586:saxophonist
1582:Cameroonian
1580:. In 1972,
1402:" combine
1367:Mick Jagger
1335:Remi Kabaka
1276:twelve tone
1154:polyrhythms
1145:(kashaka),
1127:ngoma drums
1119:water drums
1115:West Africa
865:West Africa
769:Pygmy music
536:major scale
493:Netherlands
402:fell under
370:Umm Kulthum
215:salsa music
189:, and many
5277:Ziglibithy
5123:Marrabenta
5108:Mahraganat
4971:Chimurenga
4828:Zimbabwean
4794:Senegalese
4702:Genres of
4491:Emigration
4394:Philosophy
4374:Literature
3820:Chronology
3722:(Portugal)
3680:Somaliland
3600:Seychelles
3565:Mozambique
3550:Mauritania
3535:Madagascar
3490:The Gambia
3425:Cape Verde
2978:15 January
2944:15 January
2913:15 January
2783:15 January
2697:Braun, Ken
2681:15 January
2651:11603/7377
2578:15 January
2532:15 January
2407:|url=
2284:Ras Deshen
1843:References
1775:Polyrhythm
1476:, pop star
1319:Paul Simon
1244:See also:
1183:gravi-kora
1147:rain stick
1107:bougarabou
1004:slit gongs
938:intonation
927:Abyssinian
786:the Gambia
663:Madagascar
655:Mozambique
599:childbirth
595:work songs
532:heptatonic
520:pentatonic
412:Roman rule
309:heptatonic
301:pentatonic
297:tetratonic
266:xylophones
254:polyrhythm
219:son cubano
139:afrofusion
69:April 2024
61:editing it
5267:Wassoulou
5183:Palm-wine
5073:Kidandali
4981:Coladeira
4949:Cape jazz
4934:Bend-skin
4924:Bantowbol
4884:Afro-soul
4867:Afro-rock
4862:Afrobeats
4806:Tanzanian
4779:Mauritian
4327:Languages
4317:Etiquette
4243:Education
4116:Democracy
4111:Elections
4011:Geography
3970:By region
3954:conflicts
3827:Antiquity
3555:Mauritius
3269:from the
3185:Billboard
3138:0261-3077
2968:Billboard
2373:24 August
2267:Macmillan
2077:274597775
2069:162213045
2019:2524-2741
1740:Gravikord
1670:streaming
1562:Fela Kuti
1558:Seun Kuti
1554:Femi Kuti
1550:Fela Kuti
1515:In 1933,
1339:Afro-rock
1331:Ray Phiri
1314:Graceland
1301:jazz rock
1284:bluegrass
1272:blue note
1268:The blues
1252:Dixieland
1187:gravikord
1158:polyphony
1032:xylophone
975:musician
726:Swaziland
695:Polynesia
691:Indonesia
671:Mauritius
489:The Hague
436:Ar Africa
428:the Arabs
305:hexatonic
191:Caribbean
5307:Category
5168:Ndombolo
5158:Motswako
5138:Mbaqanga
5021:Highlife
4996:Edo Funk
4964:Moroccan
4959:Algerian
4919:Bajourou
4894:Amapiano
4857:Afrobeat
4823:Togolese
4789:Nigerien
4784:Nigerian
4774:Moroccan
4769:Malawian
4742:Ghanaian
4732:Algerian
4656:Category
4501:HIV/AIDS
4332:Religion
4297:Abortion
4253:Internet
4180:Politics
4156:feminism
4094:Politics
3949:Military
3927:By topic
3891:Atlantic
3854:Sahelian
3804:articles
3746: /
3742: /
3735:(France)
3729: /
3707: /
3703: /
3655:Zimbabwe
3630:Tanzania
3480:Ethiopia
3475:Eswatini
3455:Djibouti
3420:Cameroon
3405:Botswana
3310:template
2972:Archived
2938:Archived
2907:Archived
2777:Archived
2743:Archived
2709:Archived
2675:Archived
2572:Archived
2526:Archived
2398:cite web
2259:(eds.).
2100:18 April
2073:ProQuest
1868:Archived
1693:See also
1347:Airforce
1280:old-time
1088:Cameroon
1052:trumpets
1022:and the
973:Algerian
873:Americas
857:Southern
838:Cameroon
730:Botswana
710:southern
659:Zimbabwe
647:Tanzania
603:marriage
589:African
578:pioneer
560:anchihoy
555:ambassel
512:Djibouti
508:Ethiopia
475:Algerian
461:and the
384:Carthage
155:ndombolo
135:afrobeat
111:highlife
5292:Zouglou
5287:Zoblazo
5262:Tabanka
5247:Soukous
5242:Singeli
5193:RaĂŻ'n'B
5178:Odi Pop
5113:Makossa
5103:Madiaba
5078:Kizomba
5043:Hiplife
4944:Bikutsi
4929:Batuque
4877:Zamrock
4747:Ivorian
4737:Gambian
4640:Outline
4542:By year
4484:density
4369:Cuisine
4342:Culture
4286:Society
4263:Poverty
4206:Economy
4185:parties
4053:Central
4048:Regions
4038:Islands
3977:Central
3939:Empires
3934:Economy
3896:Barbary
3886:Slavery
3849:Empires
3812:History
3731:RĂ©union
3727:Mayotte
3718:Madeira
3713:(Spain)
3709:Melilla
3640:Tunisia
3610:Somalia
3595:Senegal
3580:Nigeria
3570:Namibia
3560:Morocco
3525:Liberia
3520:Lesotho
3470:Eritrea
3440:Comoros
3415:Burundi
3390:Algeria
3312:below (
3190:1 March
3165:1 March
3143:1 March
2860:NPR.org
2839:4 March
2749:7 April
2715:7 April
2613:3 March
2409:value (
2200:170â171
2061:4128534
1930:1 March
1903:3 March
1824:Society
1798:Portals
1674:airtime
1635:makossa
1627:Shakira
1593:sampled
1578:soukous
1539:ragtime
1448:Afropop
1396:" and "
1359:Traffic
1305:Traffic
1166:kalimba
1139:shakers
1135:rattles
1123:Central
1092:Algaita
1080:Nigeria
1028:fiddles
1008:rattles
988:melisma
981:mandole
954:Maghreb
952:of the
942:melisma
861:Central
834:Nigeria
802:Liberia
747:region
745:central
734:Namibia
722:Lesotho
712:region
643:Burundi
625:region
623:eastern
607:hunting
524:pitches
516:Somalia
457:to the
451:maqamat
434:of the
432:Maghreb
420:Vandals
270:djembes
195:calypso
163:kizomba
159:makossa
151:soukous
107:musical
103:nations
99:regions
95:African
5257:Taarab
5232:Shaabi
5220:Seggae
5205:Salegy
5200:Sakara
5133:Mbalax
5128:Maloya
5118:Marabi
5098:Logobi
5088:Kwaito
5083:Kuduro
5006:FunanĂĄ
4954:Chaabi
4914:Azonto
4909:Assiko
4845:Seggae
4757:Boomba
4752:Kenyan
4661:Portal
4516:cities
4364:Cinema
4322:Health
4080:Rivers
3802:
3800:Africa
3750:
3733:
3720:
3650:Zambia
3645:Uganda
3585:Rwanda
3540:Malawi
3500:Guinea
3395:Angola
3329:Curlie
3315:Curlie
3255:
3241:
3216:17 May
3136:
2934:Dailyo
2866:13 May
2499:
2405:Check
2358:SFGate
2306:
2286:, 200.
2231:
2206:
2125:
2075:
2067:
2059:
2017:
1812:Africa
1649:Kalpop
1541:, and
1474:Angham
1365:, and
1353:, and
1258:, and
1254:, the
1143:kosika
1111:djembe
1062:-like
1048:flutes
946:Arabic
900:Muslim
790:Guinea
765:Zambia
738:Angola
651:Malawi
639:Rwanda
564:tizita
558:, and
546:tezeta
528:octave
467:Arabic
459:Berber
416:Romans
359:, and
211:cumbia
201:) and
167:taarab
143:mbalax
5272:Zaley
5227:Semba
5173:Njuup
5148:Morna
5143:Mbube
5093:Kwela
5053:Jaiva
5038:Hipco
5011:Gnawa
4939:Benga
4904:Apala
4762:Genge
4647:Index
4409:Sport
4389:Music
4384:Media
4068:South
4063:North
3992:South
3987:North
3705:Ceuta
3625:Sudan
3575:Niger
3530:Libya
3515:Kenya
3495:Ghana
3485:Gabon
3460:Egypt
3400:Benin
2862:. NPR
2481:2 May
2170:(PDF)
2065:S2CID
2057:JSTOR
2037:(PDF)
1836:Music
1574:rumba
1570:Congo
1535:mbube
1526:Mbube
1498:rumba
1490:blues
1427:Simba
1416:Bantu
1412:mbube
1337:, an
1303:band
1256:blues
1227:Ghana
1197:Many
1174:ngoni
1162:mbira
1084:Niger
1068:Ngoni
1046:like
1040:mbira
1024:ngoni
1016:harps
1000:drums
992:yodel
958:banjo
925:, an
842:Gabon
830:Benin
822:Ghana
810:Niger
788:, of
699:Bantu
679:Comor
635:Kenya
541:qenet
447:modes
408:Greek
400:Egypt
328:Ghana
278:mbira
274:drums
235:samba
231:bomba
227:conga
223:rumba
199:kaiso
197:(see
183:blues
177:like
131:jaiva
115:mbube
5215:Sega
5063:JĂčjĂș
5016:Gqom
5001:Fuji
4976:ColĂĄ
4889:Alté
4625:2020
4620:2019
4615:2018
4610:2017
4605:2016
4600:2015
4595:2014
4590:2013
4585:2012
4580:2011
4575:2010
4570:2009
4565:2008
4560:2007
4555:2006
4550:2005
4073:West
4058:East
3997:West
3982:East
3635:Togo
3545:Mali
3435:Chad
3253:ISBN
3239:ISBN
3218:2023
3192:2016
3167:2016
3145:2016
3134:ISSN
3112:2021
3086:2021
3061:2021
3035:2021
3006:2021
2980:2024
2946:2023
2915:2024
2868:2022
2841:2022
2785:2024
2773:WGCU
2751:2024
2717:2024
2683:2024
2615:2016
2580:2024
2534:2024
2497:ISBN
2483:2022
2411:help
2375:2005
2304:ISBN
2229:ISBN
2204:ISBN
2123:ISBN
2102:2024
2015:ISSN
1932:2014
1905:2016
1897:CBMR
1876:2023
1629:and
1617:soca
1615:and
1608:The
1556:and
1502:rock
1496:and
1494:jazz
1439:and
1410:and
1404:Zulu
1378:and
1329:and
1282:and
1260:jazz
1201:are
1185:and
1170:Kora
1137:and
1109:and
1066:and
1060:lute
1050:and
1034:and
1020:kora
1010:and
990:and
910:and
875:and
863:and
844:and
826:Togo
812:and
806:Mali
800:and
792:and
784:and
763:and
743:The
736:and
708:The
693:and
657:and
621:The
574:The
550:bati
526:per
514:and
469:and
418:and
410:and
394:and
382:and
239:zouk
237:and
203:soca
187:jazz
127:fuji
123:jĂčjĂș
101:and
5188:RaĂŻ
5058:Jit
4359:Art
3327:at
3278:at
3271:BBC
2646:hdl
2638:doi
2049:doi
2007:doi
1974:doi
1641:by
1566:son
1390:" "
1357:'s
1345:'s
1213:).
1121:in
1113:in
1064:oud
478:RaĂŻ
426:by
315:).
5309::
3208:.
3183:.
3128:.
3103:.
3077:.
3052:.
3026:.
3014:^
2996:.
2970:.
2966:.
2936:.
2932:.
2905:.
2901:.
2858:.
2832:.
2812:.
2775:.
2771:.
2741:.
2737:.
2707:.
2703:.
2673:.
2669:.
2644:.
2634:27
2632:.
2570:.
2566:.
2524:.
2520:.
2474:.
2430:.
2419:^
2402::
2400:}}
2396:{{
2388:.
2361:.
2355:.
2340:^
2291:^
2255:;
2243:^
2202:.
2182:^
2172:.
2152:11
2150:.
2146:.
2093:.
2071:.
2063:.
2055:.
2045:31
2043:.
2039:.
2013:.
2001:.
1997:.
1970:10
1968:.
1964:.
1922:.
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