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A Field Guide to Otherkin

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animals, and fictionkin, people who identify as members of fictional species or specific fictional characters. These groups can overlap, with some concepts not fitting obviously into a particular category, and individual terminology varies widely. Despite some misconceptions, otherkin do not believe they are physically non-human. Rather, the concept is rooted in religion, spirituality, or psychology; for instance, otherkin may believe they were other than human in a past life, or in some way possess the soul of a non-human creature. Though predecessors of the concept predate the internet, the term "otherkin" itself and the communities around it are almost completely internet-based; the phenomenon has been understood as a
379:"—those who claim to have supernatural powers, or those whose supposed kintypes change frequently. She recommends that readers seek out offline otherkin or pagan communities if available, and warns readers against becoming overly invested in the "novelty and romanticism of being something other than human" or withdrawing entirely from mainstream society. Lupa also cautions readers against discussing their potential otherkin identity, due to the concept's poor reputation; she quotes descriptions of otherkin as "crazy people on the internet" and "degenerate role-players" as representative of mainstream opinion on the subject. 313:, and fictionkin, people who consider themselves aligned with fictional characters or members of a fictional species. Lupa describes the last of these categories as particularly controversial, finding that even otherkin communities disagreed on whether such claims could be valid. She discusses common arguments for and against the possibility of fictionkin, such as whether reincarnation could apply to fictional characters, the plausibility of fictionkin claims by people whose interpretation of a character differs radically from their portrayal in their originating work, and how concepts such as 238: 260:. Based around the answers of 131 respondents to a survey Lupa conducted in online otherkin communities, it discusses the concept itself, hypotheses on how people come to consider themselves other than human, and common forms of otherkin experience. The book includes an extensive appendix, including quantitative demographic data, an analysis of otherkin from a psychological perspective, and a bibliography of otherkin-related works and websites. 359:. Some respondents were agnostic or atheist; these otherkin generally considered their identities philosophical or psychological, rather than spiritual. Lupa discusses the relationship between otherkin identity and wider spiritual or religious belief, noting that while many of her respondents considered their identity and spirituality synonymous, others separated the concepts or were unsure how they were connected. As well as 132:
otherkin identity the author considers questionable or spurious, such as possessing supernatural powers or claiming to be multiple species. The book has multiple appendices, including an interview between Lupa and a psychotherapist about otherkin, where the therapist disputes characterizations of otherkin identity as a mental illness.
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sense. She also felt the book dominated outside perceptions of her and was "sick of talking about otherkin", wishing to focus on her more recent works in interviews. The book's increased price and reduced accessibility following its withdrawal has, according to Cusack, left "a gap in the literature".
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focuses on subsets of the term. The most common subjects of otherkin belief, or "kintypes", in the book's survey sample are therians or therianthropes (real-world animals), vampires, elves or fairies, and mythological creatures such as dragons. These chapters discuss both mythological and more recent
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received positive reviews, focusing on its research and the balanced view it took of its subject matter; nonetheless, it received criticism for its printing quality and perceived failure to consider non-otherkin readers. The book sparked scholarly interest in the topic, being widely cited in academic
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The book opens with a basic introduction to otherkin, defining the term as referring to "a person who believes that, through either a nonphysical or (much more rarely) physical means, s/he is not entirely human". It devotes significant attention to clarifying that otherkin do not consider themselves
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are people who believe they are, in some sense, not entirely human. It is an umbrella term which can also refer specifically to people who consider themselves mythical or fantastical beings, such as elves or dragons. Other subsets include therians or therianthropes, people who identify as real-world
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analyzes the impact of both mythology and recent popular culture on otherkin belief, discussing subjects including folkloric depictions of non-human creatures, such as elves; fictionkin, a subset of otherkin who consider themselves fictional characters or members of fictional species; and claims of
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includes multiple appendices, such as a list of contemporary in-person otherkin meetups and a template of the survey itself. One appendix summarizes an interview between Lupa and a psychotherapist about the concept of otherkin. In response to the position that otherkin belief is a mental illness,
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The book's final pre-appendix chapter is targeted at readers who think they may be otherkin. Lupa addresses what she considers "false" or "wannabe" otherkin claims, such as people who claim unusual kintypes—giving the example of someone claiming to be "the leader of a herd of purple carnivorous
460:, praised the book but felt that Lupa failed to consider the possibility of non-otherkin readers. She criticised a statement near the end of the book that most readers were presumably people who identified as otherkin or were considering the possibility, feeling that "f the material within 487:
as the starting point of scholarly interest in otherkin and deems it one of the more significant published works on the subject. The book has influenced academic definitions and understandings of the concept, being cited for its demographic data and explication of various otherkin-related
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out of print in 2013, six years following its publication. In her announcement, she stated she no longer identified as a therian, feeling the framework that she was something other than human no longer fit her spiritual practice and that she instead related to wolves in a
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Lupa decided to interview a therapist unfamiliar with the concept and seek her opinion on whether it was inherently a sign of poor mental health. Her interlocutor deemed it non-pathological, suggesting it may be linked to phenomena such as
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was the first full book dedicated to the subculture. Reviewers received the work positively, praising its research and bibliography, its balanced view of the subject matter, and its voice and writing style. Nonetheless, elements of
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Multiple writers discussed how the book handled its unusual subject matter, both praising and criticising Lupa's attitudes towards her survey-takers. Nico Mara-McKay, editor-in-chief of the occult culture publication
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Johnston, Jay (2016). "The Elf in Self: The Influence of Northern Mythology and Fauna on Contemporary Spiritual Subcultures". In Barraclough, Eleanor Rosamund; Cudmore, Danielle Marie; Donecker, Stephen (eds.).
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Johnston, Jay (2016). "The Elf in Self: The Influence of Northern Mythology and Fauna on Contemporary Spiritual Subcultures". In Barraclough, Eleanor Rosamund; Cudmore, Danielle Marie; Donecker, Stephen (eds.).
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Baldwin, Clive; Ripley, Lauren; Arsenault, Shania (2023). "Speaking of Elves, Dragons, and Werewolves: Narrative Hermeneutics and Other-than-Human Identities". In Freeman, Mark P; Meretoja, Hanna (eds.).
513:"sheer inaccessibility" lessened the potential for later otherkin communities to critique or interpret the work, as well as making it more difficult for researchers to cite it in their own publications. 492:
had a reputation as "the best source of information in print" amongst both otherkin and researchers of the subculture, describing Lupa as "a bit of a celebrity" within such communities for her research.
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out of print, announcing that she no longer identified as otherkin and felt the book overshadowed her later works. Its limited accessibility following its withdrawal has been criticised by scholars.
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subcultures; by some estimates, all published works about otherkin have cited it. In an ethnographic study of otherkin online communities, the cultural anthropologist Devin Proctor said
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then theorizes about the origins of otherkin identity. Based on survey responses, Lupa concludes that otherkin most commonly consider themselves to have been nonhuman in a past life and
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and to a number of online otherkin communities. She collected responses until October 2006. The book was published in 2007 through Megalithica Books, the non-fiction imprint of
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based around its findings, synthesizing its conclusions about otherkin belief and its origins, common otherkin identities, and the religious and spiritual beliefs of otherkin.
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community, a group of people who believe they are, in some sense, not entirely human. Lupa, who considered herself otherkin at the time of the book's publication, conducted a
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as humans. Minority perspectives include magical or spiritual connections, unspecified "connections" or "associations" with a concept, and psychological explanations such as
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received criticism; one reviewer made note of its printing and layout issues, such as poor typographical kerning and difficulty distinguishing chapter and section headings.
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The last chapter of this section discusses miscellaneous kintypes for which Lupa received too few survey respondents for a detailed analysis; these include angels, demons,
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Cusack, Carole M (2017). "Spirituality and self-realisation as 'other-than-human': the Otherkin and Therianthropy communities". In Cusack, Carole M; Kosnáč, Pavol (eds.).
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Cusack, Carole M (2017). "Spirituality and self-realisation as 'other-than-human': the Otherkin and Therianthropy communities". In Cusack, Carole M; Kosnáč, Pavol (eds.).
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cultural depictions of common kintypes, and how these influence otherkin belief. For instance, in the chapter on elves, Lupa analyzes the impact of Celtic fairy folklore,
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Laycock, Joseph (2012). "Real Vampires as an Identity Group: Analyzing Causes and Effects of an Introspective Survey by the Vampire Community". In Possamai, Adam (ed.).
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Nikky Jackson, a scholar of religious studies specializing in otherkin, criticised its difficulty to access as reducing its scholarly value. She argued that
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literal members of a nonhuman species; Lupa gives the example that, although she considers herself a wolf in some sense, she knows her body is wholly human.
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publisher Immanion Press, which focuses on books on occultism and alternative spirituality. It is 310 pages long, including appendices and bibliography.
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dedicates a chapter to analyzing the general religious and spiritual beliefs of otherkin. Lupa finds the majority of otherkin in her sample to be
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Kirby, Danielle (2012). "Alternative Worlds: Metaphysical Questing and Virtual Community amongst the Otherkin". In Possamai, Adam (ed.).
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Kirby, Danielle (2012). "Alternative Worlds: Metaphysical Questing and Virtual Community amongst the Otherkin". In Possamai, Adam (ed.).
371:, leaving unusual objects and creative works, such as printed lines of poetry or occult-themed visual art, in public for people to find. 119:
The book presents otherkin belief as a spiritual phenomenon. It presents data that most survey respondents ascribed their beliefs to
457: 186:. She has been involved in neopagan and occult practice since her teenage years. At different times, Lupa has been affiliated with 146:, which focuses on books on occultism and alternative spirituality. It was the first book dedicated in its entirety to otherkin. 1201: 1176: 1151: 1125: 1097: 921: 896: 871: 846: 821: 796: 771: 742: 665: 640: 615: 590: 564: 539: 75: 1810: 1654: 1503: 1682: 1538: 1796: 1789: 1747: 332: 1847: 1842: 1612: 1552: 390:
from a conservative family but finding the concept itself compatible with good mental health. The book ends with an
1408: 277: 1852: 1832: 1626: 682: 456:, people who believe themselves fictional characters or species. Michelle Mueller, a minister and scholar at the 123:, feeling that they were other than human in a past life, and that most identified with neopaganism and related 1272: 343:. A minority of her respondents followed larger religions, with several survey-takers describing themselves as 336: 1837: 1559: 1401: 298:
on elfkin and their beliefs. She also discusses precursor movements to those of modern otherkin, such as the
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works on otherkin and influencing scholarship of internet-mediated religious movements. In 2013, Lupa took
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publication, Lupa was a wolf therian and an active participant in otherkin and therian communities.
1761: 1647: 452:"rational and balanced view of the subject" but expressed skepticism of Lupa's "fair treatment" of 294: 1063: 1373: 1661: 1482: 1429: 472: 391: 360: 124: 1387: 1366: 1299:
Alter-humanity: An examination into other than human individuals through the lens of identity
289: 179: 245:, a symbol of elves or fairies in many neopagan traditions, is used on the cover of the book 1675: 1524: 1464: 1415: 364: 257: 109: 8: 1719: 1545: 476: 423: 403: 168: 139: 1740: 1457: 171:, a form of belief that "mix elements from religious traditions with popular culture". 1308: 1726: 1696: 1531: 1517: 1496: 1436: 1359: 1197: 1172: 1147: 1121: 1093: 917: 892: 867: 842: 817: 792: 767: 738: 661: 636: 611: 586: 560: 535: 340: 70: 1510: 1194:
Fantasy and Belief: Alternative Religions, Popular Narratives, and Digital Cultures
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Fantasy and Belief: Alternative Religions, Popular Narratives, and Digital Cultures
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Fantasy and Belief: Alternative Religions, Popular Narratives, and Digital Cultures
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Lupa (2007). "Other Books by Lupa from Immanion Press/Megalithica Books".
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was her second book as a sole author, following the 2006 publication of
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was published in 2007 by Megalithica Books, the non-fiction imprint of
916:. Staffordshire, United Kingdom: Megalithica Books. pp. 279–280. 737:. Staffordshire, United Kingdom: Megalithica Books. pp. 280–281. 583:
The Use and Abuse of Stories: New Directions in Narrative Hermeneutics
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study of online otherkin communities between 2005 and 2006; she wrote
585:. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. pp. 154–159. 242: 1146:. Edmonton, Alberta: University of Alberta Press. pp. 237–241. 610:. Staffordshire, United Kingdom: Megalithica Books. pp. 24–27. 352: 348: 324: 253: 163: 105: 101: 237: 891:. Staffordshire, United Kingdom: Megalithica Books. p. 254. 866:. Staffordshire, United Kingdom: Megalithica Books. p. 249. 841:. Staffordshire, United Kingdom: Megalithica Books. p. 231. 308: 816:. Staffordshire, United Kingdom: Megalithica Books. p. 26. 791:. Staffordshire, United Kingdom: Megalithica Books. p. 11. 766:. Edmonton, Alberta: University of Alberta Press. p. 236. 356: 464:
is worth reading, it should not be for therianthropes alone".
1260:(PhD thesis). George Washington University. pp. 117–119. 1257:
On Being Non-Human: Otherkin Identification and Virtual Space
1243:(PhD thesis). George Washington University. pp. 158–159. 1240:
On Being Non-Human: Otherkin Identification and Virtual Space
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On Being Non-Human: Otherkin Identification and Virtual Space
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combine popular culture with spiritual or religious beliefs.
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began in September 2005, when Lupa posted her survey to her
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Fang and Fur, Blood and Bone: A Primal Guide to Animal Magic
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Magick on the Edge: An Anthology of Experimental Occultism
1226:(PhD thesis). George Washington University. p. 117. 302:, a proto-otherkin subculture from the 1960s and 1970s. 1395:
Season of the Witch: How the Occult Saved Rock and Roll
1338: 1120:. Abingdon, United Kingdom: Routledge. pp. 48–49. 579: 409: 471:
was influential on scholarship of internet-mediated
1092:. Abingdon, United Kingdom: Routledge. p. 40. 912:Lupa (2007). "Appendix C: The Ubiquitous Survey". 733:Lupa (2007). "Appendix C: The Ubiquitous Survey". 1196:. New York, New York: Routledge. pp. 45–46. 635:. New York, New York: Routledge. pp. 40–41. 1824: 660:. Leiden, Netherlands: Brill. pp. 129–130. 394:of works relevant to otherkin, such as books on 1264: 943: 941: 939: 937: 935: 933: 104:writer and psychologist Lupa. It discusses the 887:Lupa (2007). "So You Think You're Otherkin?". 862:Lupa (2007). "So You Think You're Otherkin?". 837:Lupa (2007). "So You Think You're Otherkin?". 363:, she characterizes otherkin as interested in 306: 1324: 1301:(MA thesis). Lancaster University. p. 4. 559:. New York, New York: Routledge. p. 40. 1769:The Challenge of the Cults and New Religions 1057: 1055: 930: 1423:Strange Gods: The Great American Cult Scare 1171:. Leiden, Netherlands: Brill. p. 161. 534:. Leiden, Netherlands: Brill. p. 130. 225:with her then-husband, the esoteric author 1331: 1317: 947: 27: 1052: 683:"Interview with Author & Artist Lupa" 680: 674: 1215: 1213: 1192:Kirby, Danielle (2014). "The Otherkin". 1140: 1111: 1109: 1064:"Book Review: A Field Guide to Otherkin" 967: 760: 700: 631:Kirby, Danielle (2014). "The Otherkin". 555:Kirby, Danielle (2014). "The Otherkin". 458:California Institute of Integral Studies 236: 1296: 1253: 1236: 1219: 1166: 1032: 756: 754: 1825: 1273:"Letting Go of Therianthropy For Good" 1115: 1087: 1061: 1028: 1026: 999: 997: 995: 1312: 1247: 1230: 1210: 1191: 1106: 1081: 1003: 655: 630: 554: 529: 327:, with common affiliations including 292:, and the tabletop role-playing game 283:After introducing the broad concept, 1811:Violence and New Religious Movements 1655:From the Ashes: Making Sense of Waco 1504:Witchcraft and Paganism in Australia 1270: 1185: 1160: 1134: 1118:Fiction, Invention and Hyper-reality 1090:Fiction, Invention and Hyper-reality 1033:Mueller, Michelle (31 August 2008). 950:"A Field Guide to Otherkin, by Lupa" 948:Mara-McKay, Nico (6 February 2008). 911: 905: 886: 880: 861: 855: 836: 830: 811: 805: 786: 780: 751: 732: 605: 223:Kink Magic: Sex Magic Beyond Vanilla 1683:The Ashes of Waco: An Investigation 1339:Books about new religious movements 1297:Jackson, Nikky (2 September 2019). 1290: 1023: 992: 812:Lupa (2007). "What Are Otherkin?". 726: 649: 624: 606:Lupa (2007). "What Are Otherkin?". 599: 573: 548: 523: 13: 1797:How the Millennium Comes Violently 1790:Cults: Faith, Healing and Coercion 1748:The Politics of Religious Apostasy 410:Publication, reception, and legacy 252:aims to summarize and explain the 198:; as of 2018, she identifies as a 14: 1864: 1613:Getting It: The Psychology of est 1553:Modern Paganism in World Cultures 1539:Persuasions of the Witch's Craft 1409:The Mystical Geography of Quebec 1169:Handbook of Hyper-real Religions 1144:Imagining the Supernatural North 764:Imagining the Supernatural North 658:Handbook of Hyper-real Religions 532:Handbook of Hyper-real Religions 1627:Contemporary Religious Satanism 1254:Proctor, Devin (19 May 2019). 1237:Proctor, Devin (19 May 2019). 1220:Proctor, Devin (19 May 2019). 337:polytheistic reconstructionism 307: 1: 1714:Books critical of Scientology 1634:The Order of the Solar Temple 1560:Never Again the Burning Times 1402:A Republic of Mind and Spirit 1062:Dionne, Bella (6 July 2016). 516: 158: 1641:Les Mythes du Temple Solaire 479:. The historian of religion 7: 1734:Controversial New Religions 1707:Criticism and controversies 1669:Sex, Slander, and Salvation 1035:"A Field Guide to Otherkin" 1006:"A Field Guide to Otherkin" 232: 10: 1869: 1776:Zealot: A Book About Cults 1381:The Myth of Disenchantment 1345:General and historiography 1004:Daven (20 February 2010). 681:Raushanna (1 March 2018). 22:A Field Guide to Otherkin 1706: 1592:A Field Guide to Otherkin 1576: 1475:Modern paganism and magic 1474: 1344: 914:A Field Guide to Otherkin 889:A Field Guide to Otherkin 864:A Field Guide to Otherkin 839:A Field Guide to Otherkin 814:A Field Guide to Otherkin 789:A Field Guide to Otherkin 735:A Field Guide to Otherkin 608:A Field Guide to Otherkin 508:A Field Guide to Otherkin 498:A Field Guide to Otherkin 490:A Field Guide to Otherkin 485:A Field Guide to Otherkin 469:A Field Guide to Otherkin 462:A Field Guide to Otherkin 447:A Field Guide to Otherkin 435:A Field Guide to Otherkin 430:A Field Guide to Otherkin 416:A Field Guide to Otherkin 383:A Field Guide to Otherkin 321:A Field Guide to Otherkin 285:A Field Guide to Otherkin 266:A Field Guide to Otherkin 250:A Field Guide to Otherkin 211:A Field Guide to Otherkin 204:A Field Guide to Otherkin 176:A Field Guide to Otherkin 153:A Field Guide to Otherkin 148:A Field Guide to Otherkin 136:A Field Guide to Otherkin 129:A Field Guide to Otherkin 114:A Field Guide to Otherkin 97:A Field Guide to Otherkin 81: 69: 61: 51: 43: 35: 26: 1848:Books about hyperreality 1843:Books about spirituality 708:"Llewellyn Author: Lupa" 295:Changeling: The Dreaming 180:counselling psychologist 1374:The Triumph of the Moon 473:new religious movements 361:new religious movements 125:new religious movements 1853:English-language books 1833:2007 non-fiction books 1662:The Making of a Moonie 1483:A Community of Witches 1430:Misunderstanding Cults 975:"About Immanion Press" 954:Spiral Nature Magazine 443:Spiral Nature Magazine 392:annotated bibliography 246: 100:is a 2007 book by the 1490:Drawing Down the Moon 1388:The Occult: A History 1367:Nature Religion Today 1271:Lupa (2 April 2013). 290:elves in Middle-earth 240: 18:2007 non-fiction book 1838:Books about paganism 1525:Mastering Witchcraft 1465:Mystics and Messiahs 1416:A Course in Miracles 477:hyper-real religions 367:and the practice of 258:qualitative research 174:Lupa, the author of 1720:Apocalypse Observed 1546:Her Hidden Children 467:The publication of 424:speculative fiction 404:Robert Anton Wilson 256:subculture through 169:hyper-real religion 140:speculative fiction 23: 1783:Cult Controversies 1741:Cults in Our Midst 1458:The New Vigilantes 247: 200:naturalistic pagan 178:, is a writer and 21: 1820: 1819: 1762:All Gods Children 1727:Gods of the Blood 1697:Ghosts of Kanungu 1532:The Satanic Witch 1518:Dreaming the Dark 1497:Living Witchcraft 1437:The New Believers 1360:The Darkened Room 1203:978-1-908049-23-0 1178:978-90-04-22694-4 1153:978-1-77212-267-1 1127:978-1-4724-6302-9 1099:978-1-4724-6302-9 923:978-1-905713-07-3 898:978-1-905713-07-3 873:978-1-905713-07-3 848:978-1-905713-07-3 823:978-1-905713-07-3 798:978-1-905713-07-3 773:978-1-77212-267-1 744:978-1-905713-07-3 667:978-90-04-22694-4 642:978-1-908049-23-0 617:978-1-905713-07-3 592:978-0-19-757102-6 566:978-1-908049-23-0 541:978-90-04-22694-4 341:eclectic paganism 202:. 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Index


ISBN
978-1-905713-07-3
Dewey Decimal
neopagan
otherkin
qualitative
reincarnation
new religious movements
speculative fiction
Immanion Press
Otherkin
hyper-real religion
counselling psychologist
Portland, Oregon
Wicca
chaos magic
neoshamanism
naturalistic pagan
Taylor Ellwood
Line drawing of a seven-pointed star
heptagram
otherkin
qualitative research
reincarnated
autistic
schizotypal
elves in Middle-earth
Changeling: The Dreaming
Silver Elves

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