217:. This is particularly important in expensive equipment, where a leaking alkaline battery can damage the equipment due to the corrosive electrolyte coming into contact with sensitive electronics. Lithium iron disulfide batteries are intended for use in equipment compatible with alkaline zinc batteries. Lithium-iron disulfide batteries can have an open-circuit voltage as high as 1.8 volts, but the closed-circuit voltage decreases, making this chemistry compatible with equipment intended for zinc-based batteries. A fresh alkaline zinc battery can have an open-circuit voltage of 1.6 volts, but a lithium iron disulfide battery with an open-circuit voltage below 1.7 volts is entirely discharged.
130:
213:, where their high cost is offset by longer running time between battery changes and more constant voltage during discharge. The capacity of alkaline batteries is greatly reduced as the discharge current increases, however the capacity of a Li-FeS2 battery is not affected by high discharge currents nearly as much as alkaline batteries. Another advantage of lithium disulfide batteries compared to alkaline batteries is that they are less prone to
1408:
1396:
308:
27:
226:
1228:
271:
no drop over the discharge cycle, unlike other disposable or rechargeable cells. Its lithium-ion chemistry provides a low self-discharge of 3% per month. Its capacity at 250 mA drain is 1,700 mAh at 1.5 V, less than other chemistries, limited by the low efficiency of the step-down converter. Some later Li-ion AA batteries advertise their capacity in
163:āand 13.7ā14.5 mm (0.54ā0.57 in) in diameter. The positive terminal button should be a minimum 1 mm high and a maximum 5.5 mm in diameter, the flat negative terminal should be a minimum diameter of 7 mm and carry a maximum indent of 0.5 mm. 14500 Lithium Batteries are longer if they feature a protection circuit up to 53 mm.
120:
gives several designations for cells in this size, depending on cell features and chemistry. Before being called AA batteries, they were commonly called Z batteries, as the ones produced by the
Burgess Battery Company were sold as "Number Z" (meant to indicate them being smaller than the "Number 1",
636:
In zinc alkaline AA batteries, a zinc gel slowly turns into a ceramic as power is consumed. This means that fully charged batteries do not bounce when dropped onto a hard surface, but fully discharged batteries do. Because the transition occurs gradually and non-linearly, a bounce does not mean that
282:
By 2023, several brands of 1.5 V Li-ion rechargeable batteries in both AA and AAA sizes (with voltage converting circuitry in even the small AAA casing) were available. They use various charging methods, without the special Kentli ring third electrode. Some have special chargersāa charger for a
270:
at the positive terminal to reduce the output voltage to 1.5 V. The Kentli batteries expose the normal 3.7 V Li-ion electrode in a ring around the AA electrode to allow charging by a special charger. It supplies the same 1.5 V as a fresh disposable alkaline AA cell, but with virtually
249:. NiCd and NiMH provide 1.2 V; lithium-ion chemistry has a nominal voltage of 3.6ā3.7 volts, and AA-sized cells of this voltage are coded 14500 rather than AA. AA-sized lithium-ion cells with circuitry to reduce the voltage to the 1.5V of standard replaceable cells are also made.
252:
NiMH and lithium-ion AA/14500 cells can supply most of their capacity even when under a high current drain (0.5A and higher), unlike alkaline and zinc-chloride ("Heavy Duty"/"Super Heavy Duty") cells which drop to a small fraction of their low current capacity before even reaching
265:
A Li-ion 1.5V AA-size battery, sold by the
Chinese company Kentli as "Kentli PH5" since 2014 and with similar batteries later available from other suppliers is a AA-sized battery housing containing a rechargeable 3.7 V Li-ion cell with an internal
105:, capacity and practical discharge rates depend on cell chemistry; however, devices designed for AA cells will usually only take 1.2ā1.5 V unless specified by the manufacturer.
637:
a battery is fully depleted, but a non-bounce does mean it has charge left. Researchers at
Princeton University produced a video showing bounce height with each 10% of discharge.
194:
capacity, with measured capacity highly dependent on test conditions, duty cycle, and cut-off voltage. Zincācarbon batteries are usually marketed as "general purpose" batteries.
202:
from 1,700 mAh to 2,850 mAh cost more than zinc-chloride batteries, but hold additional charge. AA size alkaline batteries are termed as LR06 by IEC, and AM-3 by JIS.
871:
Bergveld, H; Kruijt, W; Notten, P (February 1999). "Electronic-network modelling of rechargeable NiCd cells and its application to the design of battery management systems".
620:
In 2011, AA cells accounted for approximately 60% of alkaline battery sales in the United States. In Japan, 58% of alkaline batteries sold were AA, known in that country as
169:
AA cells have a weight of roughly 23 g (0.81 oz), lithium AA cells around 15 g (0.53 oz), and rechargeable Ni-MH cells around 31 g (1.1 oz).
101:
that may be either a primary battery (disposable) or a rechargeable battery. Several different chemistries are used in their construction. The exact terminal
294:(NiZn) rechargeable 1.65 V AA and AAA cells are also available, but not widely used. They require a charging circuit capable of supplying that voltage.
1138:
906:
767:
IEC 60086-2:2021: Primary batteries - Part 2: Physical and electrical specifications
International Electrotechnical Commission, Geneva, Switzerland.
923:
121:
which was similar in size to a modern C battery). Due to their popularity in small flashlights, they are often called "penlight batteries".
195:
1151:
283:
1.2 V cell will not provide sufficient voltageābut do not use a third electrode. Others have a USB port built into the cell itself.
733:
708:
1063:
1082:
1012:
964:
940:
1275:
279:(mAh), so a customer's attention is drawn to the figure, typically a claimed 3,000 or more, which is in reality 2,000 mAh.
1205:
371:
113:
55:
116:(ANSI) in 1947, but it had been in use in flashlights and electrical novelties before formal standardization. ANSI and IEC
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67:
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1121:
738:
318:
109:
1428:
589:
408:
322:
291:
183:
1261:
1158:
86:(for zinc chloride 'high power' version) in official documentation in the United Kingdom, or a
1284:
743:
646:
460:
206:
20:
1292:
880:
651:
625:
198:
store around 1,000 to 1,500 mAh are often sold as "heavy duty" or "super heavy duty".
117:
98:
47:
254:
159:
An AA cell measures 49.5ā50.5 mm (1.95ā1.99 in) in length, including the button
8:
488:
246:
884:
1412:
892:
1353:
888:
433:
276:
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214:
129:
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768:
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210:
153:
1100:
673:
19:
This article is about the type of electric cell. For the military weapon, see
1422:
1400:
1373:
1335:
397:
237:
Rechargeable batteries in the AA size are available in multiple chemistries:
1345:
1300:
1183:
149:
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1368:
1363:
1330:
1305:
1110:
Analysis of performance and charging, and teardown, of a 1.5V Li-ion cell
809:
780:
390:
191:
145:
94:
1152:"LIFE CYCLE IMPACTS OF ALKALINE BATTERIES WITH A FOCUS ON ENDāOFāLIFE"
1064:"Completed: Self-discharge test of Kentli PH5 1.5V Li-ion AA (Part 6)"
1325:
1320:
1315:
137:
133:
721:
307:
1407:
624:(åäø). In Switzerland, AA batteries totaled 55% in both primary and
187:
43:
1083:"Performance analysis/review of Kentli PH5 Li-ion 1.5V AA battery"
26:
1395:
383:
230:
102:
1253:
1227:
1206:"It turns out there's truth to 'dead battery bounce' after all"
225:
209:
are manufactured for devices that draw more current, such as
1102:
Review & Teardown: Tenavolts AA Size 1.5V Li-ion battery
245:(NiMH) in various capacities of 600ā2,750 mAh and
861:, Version LI4.04, Energizer Battery Manufacturing Inc.
859:
Lithium Iron
Disulfide Handbook and Application Manual
241:(NiCd) with a capacity of roughly 600ā1,000 mAh,
1384:
870:
1249:
Datasheet for
Duracell alkaline AA battery (MN1500)
1239:Datasheet for Energizer alkaline AA battery (E91)
1420:
1244:Datasheet for Energizer lithium AA battery (L91)
1176:"BAJ Website - Monthly battery sales statistics"
1038:"Teardown of Kentli PH5 1.5 V Li-Ion AA battery"
907:"Panasonic NI-MH Handbook- Industrial batteries"
669:
667:
396:Max. energy at nominal voltage and 50 mA drain (
1087:Rip It Apart - Jason's electronics blog-thingy
1068:Rip It Apart - Jason's electronics blog-thingy
1042:Rip It Apart - Jason's electronics blog-thingy
941:"Test of Eneloop AA HR-3UTGB 1,900mAh (White)"
233:1.2 volt NiMH rechargeable cells in AA and AAA
112:, the AA battery size was standardized by the
1269:
965:"Test of Keeppower 14500 840mAh (Black) 2014"
929:. Panasonic Batteries. pp. 32ā43, 60ā62.
781:"Energizer Alkaline AA Battery Specification"
664:
42:) is a standard size single cell cylindrical
1122:"Pale Blue Earth Li-Ion AA Batteries Review"
1029:
810:"Energizer Lithium AA Battery Specification"
769:https://webstore.iec.ch/en/publication/60969
1119:
1013:"Test of Panasonic Super Heavy Duty AA CAN"
336:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1276:
1262:
1203:
835:"Energizer NiMH AA Battery Specification"
356:Learn how and when to remove this message
172:
1074:
224:
128:
97:. An AA battery is composed of a single
25:
70:of Japan. Historically, it is known as
1421:
709:"Eveready D14 Hearing Aid "A" Battery"
1257:
1120:Witherspoon, Thomas (12 April 2022).
689:. Ask Media Group, LLC. 4 August 2015
389:Capacity under 50 mA constant drain (
220:
114:American National Standards Institute
763:
761:
334:adding citations to reliable sources
301:
93:AA batteries are common in portable
1108:. 18 June 2019 – via YouTube.
1080:
1061:
1055:
1035:
190:) AA batteries have around 400ā900
13:
912:. Panasonic. 2014. pp. 22ā55.
14:
1440:
1283:
1220:
989:"Test of Duracell Ultra Power AA"
758:
16:Standard size of dry cell battery
1406:
1394:
1226:
306:
207:lithium iron disulfide batteries
177:
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1168:
1144:
1132:
1113:
1093:
1005:
981:
957:
933:
916:
899:
864:
852:
110:The American Ever Ready Company
1157:. 3 March 2016. Archived from
1036:Gin, Jason (7 December 2014).
827:
802:
773:
726:
722:Blaukatz Battery Encyclopaedia
715:
701:
679:
631:
504:600ā1,100 (1,600 mAh at 1.5V)
1:
924:"2018ā2019 Panasonic Catalog"
893:10.1016/S0378-7753(98)00188-8
657:
297:
124:
1204:Mark Lorch (April 8, 2015).
676:datasheet from energizer.com
7:
1081:Gin, Jason (17 June 2015).
640:
275:(mWh) instead of the usual
182:Primary (non-rechargeable)
10:
1447:
18:
1344:
1291:
1062:Gin, Jason (2 May 2018).
687:"What are UM3 Batteries?"
260:
873:Journal of Power Sources
626:secondary (rechargeable)
1141:INOBAT 2008 statistics.
286:
196:Zinc-chloride batteries
74:(hearing aid battery),
615:
234:
173:Chemistry and capacity
156:
108:Introduced in 1907 by
50:system calls the size
31:
647:List of battery sizes
228:
132:
29:
21:anti-aircraft warfare
1235:at Wikimedia Commons
652:Battery nomenclature
330:improve this section
243:nickelāmetal hydride
118:battery nomenclature
99:electrochemical cell
82:(standard cell), or
885:1999JPS....77..143B
235:
221:Rechargeable cells
200:Alkaline batteries
157:
95:electronic devices
32:
1382:
1381:
1231:Media related to
1139:Absatzzahlen 2008
788:Product Datasheet
734:"About EvereadyĀ®"
613:
612:
382:Nominal voltage (
366:
365:
358:
277:milliampere-hours
205:Non-rechargeable
192:milliampere hours
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1210:The Conversation
1201:
1195:
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1182:. Archived from
1172:
1166:
1165:
1164:on 3 March 2016.
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742:. Archived from
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683:
677:
671:
368:
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292:Nickel-zinc cell
40:double-A battery
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1434:
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1405:
1393:
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1354:Nine-volt (PP3)
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692:
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685:
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672:
665:
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628:battery sales.
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464:
379:ANSI/NEDA name
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351:
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342:
327:
311:
300:
289:
273:milliwatt-hours
263:
223:
211:digital cameras
180:
175:
127:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1429:Battery shapes
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1221:External links
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879:(2): 143ā158.
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757:
746:on May 9, 2017
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285:
268:buck converter
262:
259:
239:nickelācadmium
222:
219:
179:
176:
174:
171:
154:9-volt battery
126:
123:
62:. It is named
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1346:Multiple-cell
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1285:Battery sizes
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1234:
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1200:
1186:on 2010-12-06
1185:
1181:
1180:www.baj.or.jp
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1017:lygte-info.dk
1014:
1008:
994:
993:lygte-info.dk
990:
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969:lygte-info.dk
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945:lygte-info.dk
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674:Classic (LR6)
670:
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629:
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623:
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437:
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407:
406:
403:Rechargeable
402:
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381:
378:
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349:
339:
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315:This section
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178:Primary cells
170:
168:
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162:
155:
152:cells, and a
151:
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119:
115:
111:
106:
104:
100:
96:
91:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
58:C18 calls it
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
28:
22:
1310:
1233:AA batteries
1199:
1188:. Retrieved
1184:the original
1179:
1170:
1159:the original
1146:
1134:
1125:
1115:
1101:
1095:
1086:
1076:
1067:
1057:
1045:. Retrieved
1041:
1031:
1020:. Retrieved
1016:
1007:
996:. Retrieved
992:
983:
972:. Retrieved
968:
959:
948:. Retrieved
944:
935:
918:
901:
876:
872:
866:
858:
854:
842:. Retrieved
829:
817:. Retrieved
804:
792:. Retrieved
787:
775:
748:. Retrieved
744:the original
737:
728:
717:
703:
691:. Retrieved
681:
635:
621:
619:
603:1,500ā1,800
477:2,700ā3,400
447:1,800ā2,850
352:
343:
328:Please help
316:
290:
281:
264:
251:
236:
204:
181:
165:
158:
141:
107:
92:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
63:
59:
51:
39:
35:
33:
1413:Electronics
1331:Button cell
1293:Single-cell
1106:(13' Video)
844:October 21,
840:. Energizer
819:October 21,
815:. Energizer
794:October 21,
790:. Energizer
632:Bounce test
528:600ā1,000+
409:Zincācarbon
247:lithium-ion
184:zincācarbon
44:dry battery
1190:2011-06-13
1022:2019-02-13
998:2019-02-13
974:2019-02-13
950:2019-02-13
658:References
600:1.60ā1.65
578:600ā2,750
553:600ā1,000
501:3.60ā3.70
422:400ā1,700
298:Comparison
229:Panasonic
125:Dimensions
36:AA battery
1047:April 24,
750:August 8,
693:March 29,
376:IEC name
372:Chemistry
317:does not
48:IEC 60086
1423:Category
739:Eveready
641:See also
525:3.2ā3.3
494:??R15/50
434:Alkaline
346:May 2024
188:dry cell
167:Alkaline
161:terminal
88:pen cell
78:ā later
30:AA cells
1387:Portals
1359:Lantern
881:Bibcode
516:LiFePO4
338:removed
323:sources
231:Eneloop
103:voltage
1401:Energy
622:tansan
522:14500
498:14500
489:Li-ion
461:Li-FeS
261:Li-ion
54:, and
46:. The
1374:CR-V3
1336:18650
1162:(PDF)
1155:(PDF)
1126:QRPer
927:(PDF)
910:(PDF)
838:(PDF)
813:(PDF)
784:(PDF)
606:2.97
581:3.42
575:1.20
556:1.20
550:1.20
531:2.80
507:3.88
480:5.10
474:1.50
471:15LF
450:3.90
444:1.50
438:LR06
425:2.55
419:1.50
1301:AAAA
1049:2018
846:2015
821:2015
796:2015
752:2017
695:2020
609:Yes
594:ZR6
590:NiZn
584:Yes
572:15H
569:HR6
565:NiMH
559:Yes
547:15K
544:KR6
540:NiCd
534:Yes
510:Yes
468:FR6
454:Some
441:15A
416:15D
321:any
319:cite
287:NiZn
215:leak
150:AAAA
64:UM-3
56:ANSI
38:(or
34:The
1369:A27
1364:A23
1306:AAA
889:doi
616:Use
483:No
428:No
413:R6
391:mAh
332:by
255:1 C
146:AAA
84:HP7
76:U12
72:D14
68:JIS
66:by
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