228:. This is particularly important in expensive equipment, where a leaking alkaline battery can damage the equipment due to the corrosive electrolyte coming into contact with sensitive electronics. Lithium iron disulfide batteries are intended for use in equipment compatible with alkaline zinc batteries. Lithium-iron disulfide batteries can have an open-circuit voltage as high as 1.8 volts, but the closed-circuit voltage decreases, making this chemistry compatible with equipment intended for zinc-based batteries. A fresh alkaline zinc battery can have an open-circuit voltage of 1.6 volts, but a lithium iron disulfide battery with an open-circuit voltage below 1.7 volts is entirely discharged.
141:
224:, where their high cost is offset by longer running time between battery changes and more constant voltage during discharge. The capacity of alkaline batteries is greatly reduced as the discharge current increases, however the capacity of a Li-FeS2 battery is not affected by high discharge currents nearly as much as alkaline batteries. Another advantage of lithium disulfide batteries compared to alkaline batteries is that they are less prone to
1419:
1407:
319:
38:
237:
1239:
282:
no drop over the discharge cycle, unlike other disposable or rechargeable cells. Its lithium-ion chemistry provides a low self-discharge of 3% per month. Its capacity at 250 mA drain is 1,700 mAh at 1.5 V, less than other chemistries, limited by the low efficiency of the step-down converter. Some later Li-ion AA batteries advertise their capacity in
174:āand 13.7ā14.5 mm (0.54ā0.57 in) in diameter. The positive terminal button should be a minimum 1 mm high and a maximum 5.5 mm in diameter, the flat negative terminal should be a minimum diameter of 7 mm and carry a maximum indent of 0.5 mm. 14500 Lithium Batteries are longer if they feature a protection circuit up to 53 mm.
131:
gives several designations for cells in this size, depending on cell features and chemistry. Before being called AA batteries, they were commonly called Z batteries, as the ones produced by the
Burgess Battery Company were sold as "Number Z" (meant to indicate them being smaller than the "Number 1",
647:
In zinc alkaline AA batteries, a zinc gel slowly turns into a ceramic as power is consumed. This means that fully charged batteries do not bounce when dropped onto a hard surface, but fully discharged batteries do. Because the transition occurs gradually and non-linearly, a bounce does not mean that
293:
By 2023, several brands of 1.5 V Li-ion rechargeable batteries in both AA and AAA sizes (with voltage converting circuitry in even the small AAA casing) were available. They use various charging methods, without the special Kentli ring third electrode. Some have special chargersāa charger for a
281:
at the positive terminal to reduce the output voltage to 1.5 V. The Kentli batteries expose the normal 3.7 V Li-ion electrode in a ring around the AA electrode to allow charging by a special charger. It supplies the same 1.5 V as a fresh disposable alkaline AA cell, but with virtually
260:. NiCd and NiMH provide 1.2 V; lithium-ion chemistry has a nominal voltage of 3.6ā3.7 volts, and AA-sized cells of this voltage are coded 14500 rather than AA. AA-sized lithium-ion cells with circuitry to reduce the voltage to the 1.5V of standard replaceable cells are also made.
263:
NiMH and lithium-ion AA/14500 cells can supply most of their capacity even when under a high current drain (0.5A and higher), unlike alkaline and zinc-chloride ("Heavy Duty"/"Super Heavy Duty") cells which drop to a small fraction of their low current capacity before even reaching
276:
A Li-ion 1.5V AA-size battery, sold by the
Chinese company Kentli as "Kentli PH5" since 2014 and with similar batteries later available from other suppliers is a AA-sized battery housing containing a rechargeable 3.7 V Li-ion cell with an internal
116:, capacity and practical discharge rates depend on cell chemistry; however, devices designed for AA cells will usually only take 1.2ā1.5 V unless specified by the manufacturer.
648:
a battery is fully depleted, but a non-bounce does mean it has charge left. Researchers at
Princeton University produced a video showing bounce height with each 10% of discharge.
205:
capacity, with measured capacity highly dependent on test conditions, duty cycle, and cut-off voltage. Zincācarbon batteries are usually marketed as "general purpose" batteries.
213:
from 1,700 mAh to 2,850 mAh cost more than zinc-chloride batteries, but hold additional charge. AA size alkaline batteries are termed as LR06 by IEC, and AM-3 by JIS.
882:
Bergveld, H; Kruijt, W; Notten, P (February 1999). "Electronic-network modelling of rechargeable NiCd cells and its application to the design of battery management systems".
631:
In 2011, AA cells accounted for approximately 60% of alkaline battery sales in the United States. In Japan, 58% of alkaline batteries sold were AA, known in that country as
180:
AA cells have a weight of roughly 23 g (0.81 oz), lithium AA cells around 15 g (0.53 oz), and rechargeable Ni-MH cells around 31 g (1.1 oz).
112:
that may be either a primary battery (disposable) or a rechargeable battery. Several different chemistries are used in their construction. The exact terminal
305:(NiZn) rechargeable 1.65 V AA and AAA cells are also available, but not widely used. They require a charging circuit capable of supplying that voltage.
1149:
917:
778:
IEC 60086-2:2021: Primary batteries - Part 2: Physical and electrical specifications
International Electrotechnical Commission, Geneva, Switzerland.
934:
132:
which was similar in size to a modern C battery). Due to their popularity in small flashlights, they are often called "penlight batteries".
206:
1162:
294:
1.2 V cell will not provide sufficient voltageābut do not use a third electrode. Others have a USB port built into the cell itself.
744:
719:
1074:
1093:
1023:
975:
951:
1286:
290:(mAh), so a customer's attention is drawn to the figure, typically a claimed 3,000 or more, which is in reality 2,000 mAh.
1216:
382:
124:
66:
127:(ANSI) in 1947, but it had been in use in flashlights and electrical novelties before formal standardization. ANSI and IEC
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17:
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249:
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749:
329:
120:
1439:
600:
419:
333:
302:
194:
1272:
1169:
97:(for zinc chloride 'high power' version) in official documentation in the United Kingdom, or a
1295:
754:
657:
471:
217:
31:
1303:
891:
662:
636:
209:
store around 1,000 to 1,500 mAh are often sold as "heavy duty" or "super heavy duty".
128:
109:
58:
265:
170:
An AA cell measures 49.5ā50.5 mm (1.95ā1.99 in) in length, including the button
8:
499:
257:
895:
1423:
903:
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140:
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779:
283:
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221:
164:
1111:
684:
30:
This article is about the type of electric cell. For the military weapon, see
1433:
1411:
1384:
1346:
408:
248:
Rechargeable batteries in the AA size are available in multiple chemistries:
1356:
1311:
1194:
160:
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1341:
1316:
1121:
Analysis of performance and charging, and teardown, of a 1.5V Li-ion cell
820:
791:
401:
202:
156:
105:
1163:"LIFE CYCLE IMPACTS OF ALKALINE BATTERIES WITH A FOCUS ON ENDāOFāLIFE"
1075:"Completed: Self-discharge test of Kentli PH5 1.5V Li-ion AA (Part 6)"
1336:
1331:
1326:
148:
144:
732:
318:
1418:
635:(åäø). In Switzerland, AA batteries totaled 55% in both primary and
198:
54:
1094:"Performance analysis/review of Kentli PH5 Li-ion 1.5V AA battery"
37:
1406:
394:
241:
113:
1264:
1238:
1217:"It turns out there's truth to 'dead battery bounce' after all"
236:
220:
are manufactured for devices that draw more current, such as
1113:
Review & Teardown: Tenavolts AA Size 1.5V Li-ion battery
256:(NiMH) in various capacities of 600ā2,750 mAh and
872:, Version LI4.04, Energizer Battery Manufacturing Inc.
870:
Lithium Iron
Disulfide Handbook and Application Manual
252:(NiCd) with a capacity of roughly 600ā1,000 mAh,
1395:
881:
1260:
Datasheet for
Duracell alkaline AA battery (MN1500)
1250:Datasheet for Energizer alkaline AA battery (E91)
1431:
1255:Datasheet for Energizer lithium AA battery (L91)
1187:"BAJ Website - Monthly battery sales statistics"
1049:"Teardown of Kentli PH5 1.5 V Li-Ion AA battery"
918:"Panasonic NI-MH Handbook- Industrial batteries"
680:
678:
407:Max. energy at nominal voltage and 50 mA drain (
1098:Rip It Apart - Jason's electronics blog-thingy
1079:Rip It Apart - Jason's electronics blog-thingy
1053:Rip It Apart - Jason's electronics blog-thingy
952:"Test of Eneloop AA HR-3UTGB 1,900mAh (White)"
244:1.2 volt NiMH rechargeable cells in AA and AAA
123:, the AA battery size was standardized by the
1280:
976:"Test of Keeppower 14500 840mAh (Black) 2014"
940:. Panasonic Batteries. pp. 32ā43, 60ā62.
792:"Energizer Alkaline AA Battery Specification"
675:
53:) is a standard size single cell cylindrical
1133:"Pale Blue Earth Li-Ion AA Batteries Review"
1040:
821:"Energizer Lithium AA Battery Specification"
780:https://webstore.iec.ch/en/publication/60969
1130:
1024:"Test of Panasonic Super Heavy Duty AA CAN"
347:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1287:
1273:
1214:
846:"Energizer NiMH AA Battery Specification"
367:Learn how and when to remove this message
183:
1085:
235:
139:
108:. An AA battery is composed of a single
36:
81:of Japan. Historically, it is known as
14:
1432:
720:"Eveready D14 Hearing Aid "A" Battery"
1268:
1131:Witherspoon, Thomas (12 April 2022).
700:. Ask Media Group, LLC. 4 August 2015
400:Capacity under 50 mA constant drain (
231:
125:American National Standards Institute
774:
772:
345:adding citations to reliable sources
312:
104:AA batteries are common in portable
1119:. 18 June 2019 – via YouTube.
1091:
1072:
1066:
1046:
201:) AA batteries have around 400ā900
24:
923:. Panasonic. 2014. pp. 22ā55.
25:
1451:
1294:
1231:
1000:"Test of Duracell Ultra Power AA"
769:
27:Standard size of dry cell battery
1417:
1405:
1237:
317:
218:lithium iron disulfide batteries
188:
1208:
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1155:
1143:
1124:
1104:
1016:
992:
968:
944:
927:
910:
875:
863:
121:The American Ever Ready Company
1168:. 3 March 2016. Archived from
1047:Gin, Jason (7 December 2014).
838:
813:
784:
737:
733:Blaukatz Battery Encyclopaedia
726:
712:
690:
642:
515:600ā1,100 (1,600 mAh at 1.5V)
13:
1:
935:"2018ā2019 Panasonic Catalog"
904:10.1016/S0378-7753(98)00188-8
668:
308:
135:
1215:Mark Lorch (April 8, 2015).
687:datasheet from energizer.com
7:
1092:Gin, Jason (17 June 2015).
651:
286:(mWh) instead of the usual
193:Primary (non-rechargeable)
10:
1456:
29:
1355:
1302:
1073:Gin, Jason (2 May 2018).
698:"What are UM3 Batteries?"
271:
884:Journal of Power Sources
637:secondary (rechargeable)
1152:INOBAT 2008 statistics.
297:
207:Zinc-chloride batteries
85:(hearing aid battery),
626:
245:
184:Chemistry and capacity
167:
119:Introduced in 1907 by
61:system calls the size
42:
658:List of battery sizes
239:
143:
40:
32:anti-aircraft warfare
1246:at Wikimedia Commons
663:Battery nomenclature
341:improve this section
254:nickelāmetal hydride
129:battery nomenclature
110:electrochemical cell
93:(standard cell), or
896:1999JPS....77..143B
246:
232:Rechargeable cells
211:Alkaline batteries
168:
106:electronic devices
43:
1393:
1392:
1242:Media related to
1150:Absatzzahlen 2008
799:Product Datasheet
745:"About EvereadyĀ®"
624:
623:
393:Nominal voltage (
377:
376:
369:
288:milliampere-hours
216:Non-rechargeable
203:milliampere hours
16:(Redirected from
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1221:The Conversation
1212:
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1193:. Archived from
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1177:
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1175:on 3 March 2016.
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379:
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303:Nickel-zinc cell
51:double-A battery
21:
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639:battery sales.
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390:ANSI/NEDA name
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284:milliwatt-hours
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222:digital cameras
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138:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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279:buck converter
273:
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250:nickelācadmium
233:
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165:9-volt battery
137:
134:
73:. It is named
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9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1296:Battery sizes
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1197:on 2010-12-06
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1191:www.baj.or.jp
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685:Classic (LR6)
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326:This section
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189:Primary cells
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163:cells, and a
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80:
76:
72:
69:C18 calls it
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
39:
33:
19:
1321:
1244:AA batteries
1210:
1199:. Retrieved
1195:the original
1190:
1181:
1170:the original
1157:
1145:
1136:
1126:
1112:
1106:
1097:
1087:
1078:
1068:
1056:. Retrieved
1052:
1042:
1031:. Retrieved
1027:
1018:
1007:. Retrieved
1003:
994:
983:. Retrieved
979:
970:
959:. Retrieved
955:
946:
929:
912:
887:
883:
877:
869:
865:
853:. Retrieved
840:
828:. Retrieved
815:
803:. Retrieved
798:
786:
759:. Retrieved
755:the original
748:
739:
728:
714:
702:. Retrieved
692:
646:
632:
630:
614:1,500ā1,800
488:2,700ā3,400
458:1,800ā2,850
363:
354:
339:Please help
327:
301:
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247:
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192:
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118:
103:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
74:
70:
62:
50:
46:
44:
18:AA batteries
1424:Electronics
1342:Button cell
1304:Single-cell
1117:(13' Video)
855:October 21,
851:. Energizer
830:October 21,
826:. Energizer
805:October 21,
801:. Energizer
643:Bounce test
539:600ā1,000+
420:Zincācarbon
258:lithium-ion
195:zincācarbon
55:dry battery
1201:2011-06-13
1033:2019-02-13
1009:2019-02-13
985:2019-02-13
961:2019-02-13
669:References
611:1.60ā1.65
589:600ā2,750
564:600ā1,000
512:3.60ā3.70
433:400ā1,700
309:Comparison
240:Panasonic
136:Dimensions
47:AA battery
1058:April 24,
761:August 8,
704:March 29,
387:IEC name
383:Chemistry
328:does not
59:IEC 60086
1434:Category
750:Eveready
652:See also
536:3.2ā3.3
505:??R15/50
445:Alkaline
357:May 2024
199:dry cell
178:Alkaline
172:terminal
99:pen cell
89:ā later
41:AA cells
1398:Portals
1370:Lantern
892:Bibcode
527:LiFePO4
349:removed
334:sources
242:Eneloop
114:voltage
1412:Energy
633:tansan
533:14500
509:14500
500:Li-ion
472:Li-FeS
272:Li-ion
65:, and
57:. The
1385:CR-V3
1347:18650
1173:(PDF)
1166:(PDF)
1137:QRPer
938:(PDF)
921:(PDF)
849:(PDF)
824:(PDF)
795:(PDF)
617:2.97
592:3.42
586:1.20
567:1.20
561:1.20
542:2.80
518:3.88
491:5.10
485:1.50
482:15LF
461:3.90
455:1.50
449:LR06
436:2.55
430:1.50
1312:AAAA
1060:2018
857:2015
832:2015
807:2015
763:2017
706:2020
620:Yes
605:ZR6
601:NiZn
595:Yes
583:15H
580:HR6
576:NiMH
570:Yes
558:15K
555:KR6
551:NiCd
545:Yes
521:Yes
479:FR6
465:Some
452:15A
427:15D
332:any
330:cite
298:NiZn
226:leak
161:AAAA
75:UM-3
67:ANSI
49:(or
45:The
1380:A27
1375:A23
1317:AAA
900:doi
627:Use
494:No
439:No
424:R6
402:mAh
343:by
266:1 C
157:AAA
95:HP7
87:U12
83:D14
79:JIS
77:by
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