645:, written in decimal as 6,703,903,964,971,298,549,787,012,499,102,923,063,739,682,910,296,196,688,861,780,721,860,882,015,036,773,488,400,937,149,083,451,713,845,015,929,093,243,025,426,876,941,405,973,284,973,216,824,503,042,047 (approximately 6.7039 x 10).
654:
168:
66:
25:
681:
elements, and one instruction can operate on all these values in parallel. However, the Xeon Phi's vector processing unit does not operate on individual numbers that are 512 bits long.
558:
1901:
835:"Nvidia Quadro FX 5800 provides professionals with visual supercomputing from their desktops delivering results that push visualization beyond traditional 3D"
763:
87:
80:
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723:
2012:
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built to operate on 512-bit integers or addresses, though a number of processors do operate on 512-bit data.
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2100:
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603:
572:
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1970:
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1807:
1339:
1052:
908:
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410:
8:
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2017:
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1126:
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2002:
1913:
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1002:
980:
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2089:
1997:
1987:
1709:
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1111:
1012:
1007:
928:
615:
420:
310:
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300:
2778:
2612:
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2341:
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1992:
1923:
1506:
1468:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1121:
945:
735:
583:
2798:
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2489:
1529:
1511:
1304:
997:
1432:
2783:
2721:
2537:
2514:
2326:
2047:
985:
722:, and in 2017 on the HEDT and consumer server platform, with Skylake-X and
697:
2568:
2532:
2243:
2215:
2073:
1928:
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611:
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345:
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1332:
658:
464:
167:
65:
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1379:
743:
666:
661:
290X (Sapphire OEM version pictured here) uses a 512 bit memory bus
1369:
1327:
739:
707:
631:
618:
of that size. There are currently no mainstream general-purpose
1384:
1349:
1314:
693:
630:
A 512-bit register can store 2 different values. The range of
1842:
1374:
1344:
770:
764:"Intel Xeon Phi Coprocessor System Software Developers Guide"
2706:
1854:
1774:
1364:
718:
proposed by Intel in July 2013, and released on 2016 with
1294:
1284:
619:
591:
673:
with 512-bit vector registers, each one holding sixteen
700:
products move data across a 512-bit memory bus. Then
634:
values that can be stored in 512 bits depends on the
192:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
641:The maximum value of a signed 512-bit integer is
2796:
606:(ALU) architectures are those that are based on
867:
696:GTX 280, GTX 285, Quadro FX 5800 and several
552:
1872:Computer performance by orders of magnitude
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
881:
874:
860:
559:
545:
270:Learn how and when to remove this message
252:Learn how and when to remove this message
150:Learn how and when to remove this message
652:
2797:
710:are 512-bit extensions to the 256-bit
86:Please improve this article by adding
855:
1843:Floating-point operations per second
702:AMD Radeon R9 290, R9 290X and 295X2
190:adding citations to reliable sources
161:
59:
18:
13:
14:
2816:
625:
34:This article has multiple issues.
2769:Semiconductor device fabrication
285:Computer architecture bit widths
166:
64:
23:
2744:History of general-purpose CPUs
971:Nondeterministic Turing machine
177:needs additional citations for
42:or discuss these issues on the
16:Computer architecture bit width
924:Deterministic finite automaton
827:
806:
785:
756:
590:units are those that are 512
1:
1715:Simultaneous and heterogenous
749:
88:secondary or tertiary sources
2399:Integrated memory controller
2381:Translation lookaside buffer
1580:Memory dependence prediction
1023:Random-access stored program
976:Probabilistic Turing machine
716:instruction set architecture
7:
1855:Synaptic updates per second
729:
648:
10:
2821:
2259:Heterogeneous architecture
1181:Orthogonal instruction set
951:Alternating Turing machine
939:Quantum cellular automaton
714:SIMD instructions for x86
712:Advanced Vector Extensions
2749:Microprocessor chronology
2736:
2712:Dynamic frequency scaling
2685:
2621:
2559:
2513:
2465:
2420:
2340:
2267:
2236:
2141:
2062:
2026:
1980:
1880:
1867:Cache performance metrics
1806:
1740:
1690:
1601:
1592:
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1520:
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1450:
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1173:
1162:
1033:
889:
814:"GTX 285: Specifications"
793:"GTX 280: Specifications"
746:, have a 512-bit output.
2764:Hardware security module
2107:Digital signal processor
2084:Graphics processing unit
1896:Graphics processing unit
2717:Dynamic voltage scaling
2500:Memory address register
2394:Branch target predictor
2358:Address generation unit
2101:Physics processing unit
1890:Central processing unit
1849:Transactions per second
1837:Instructions per second
1760:Array processing (SIMT)
904:Stored-program computer
600:central processing unit
598:) wide. Also, 512-bit
2523:Hardwired control unit
2405:Memory management unit
2370:Memory management unit
2119:Secure cryptoprocessor
2113:Tensor Processing Unit
2095:Vision processing unit
1829:Cycles per instruction
1823:Instructions per cycle
1770:Associative processing
1461:Instruction pipelining
883:Processor technologies
686:Advanced Micro Devices
684:Some GPUs such as the
671:vector processing unit
662:
636:integer representation
509:Decimal floating-point
75:relies excessively on
2606:Sum-addressed decoder
2352:Arithmetic logic unit
1479:Classic RISC pipeline
1433:Epiphany architecture
1280:Motorola 68000 series
656:
604:arithmetic logic unit
573:computer architecture
446:Binary floating-point
2727:Performance per watt
2305:replacement policies
1971:Package on a package
1861:Performance per watt
1765:Pipelined processing
1535:Tomasulo's algorithm
1340:Clipper architecture
1196:Application-specific
909:Finite-state machine
186:improve this article
2759:Digital electronics
2412:Instruction decoder
2364:Floating-point unit
2018:Soft microprocessor
1965:System in a package
1540:Reservation station
1070:Transport-triggered
201:"512-bit computing"
99:"512-bit computing"
2631:Integrated circuit
2475:Processor register
2129:Baseband processor
1474:Operand forwarding
934:Cellular automaton
677:elements or eight
663:
2792:
2791:
2681:
2680:
2300:Instruction cache
2290:Scratchpad memory
2137:
2136:
2124:Network processor
2053:Network on a chip
2008:Ultra-low-voltage
1959:Multi-chip module
1802:
1801:
1588:
1587:
1575:Branch prediction
1552:Register renaming
1446:
1445:
1428:VISC architecture
1250:Quantum computing
1245:VISC architecture
1127:Secondary storage
1043:Microarchitecture
1003:Register machines
569:
568:
280:
279:
272:
262:
261:
254:
236:
160:
159:
152:
134:
57:
2812:
2754:Processor design
2646:Power management
2528:Instruction unit
2389:Branch predictor
2338:
2337:
2036:System on a chip
1978:
1977:
1818:Transistor count
1742:Flynn's taxonomy
1599:
1598:
1457:
1456:
1260:Addressing modes
1171:
1170:
1117:Memory hierarchy
981:Hypercomputation
899:Abstract machine
876:
869:
862:
853:
852:
846:
845:
843:
842:
831:
825:
824:
822:
821:
810:
804:
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801:
800:
789:
783:
782:
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768:
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690:Radeon HD 2900XT
644:
584:memory addresses
561:
554:
547:
282:
281:
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268:
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148:
144:
141:
135:
133:
92:
68:
60:
49:
27:
26:
19:
2820:
2819:
2815:
2814:
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2809:
2795:
2794:
2793:
2788:
2774:Tick–tock model
2732:
2688:
2677:
2617:
2601:Address decoder
2555:
2509:
2505:Program counter
2480:Status register
2461:
2416:
2376:Load–store unit
2343:
2336:
2263:
2232:
2133:
2090:Image processor
2065:
2058:
2028:
2022:
1998:Microcontroller
1988:Embedded system
1976:
1876:
1809:
1798:
1736:
1686:
1584:
1561:
1545:Re-order buffer
1516:
1497:Data dependency
1483:
1442:
1272:
1266:
1165:
1164:Instruction set
1158:
1144:Multiprocessing
1112:Cache hierarchy
1105:Register/memory
1029:
929:Queue automaton
885:
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828:
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732:
720:Knights Landing
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276:
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139:
136:
93:
91:
85:
81:primary sources
69:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2818:
2808:
2807:
2790:
2789:
2787:
2786:
2781:
2779:Pin grid array
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2649:
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2643:
2638:
2627:
2625:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2613:Barrel shifter
2610:
2609:
2608:
2603:
2596:Binary decoder
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2592:
2591:
2581:
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2571:
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2556:
2554:
2553:
2548:
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2525:
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2511:
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2508:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2485:Stack register
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2477:
2471:
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2462:
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2458:
2457:
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2355:
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2297:
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2256:
2251:
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2240:
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2218:
2213:
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2203:
2198:
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2178:
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2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2147:
2145:
2139:
2138:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2110:
2104:
2098:
2092:
2087:
2081:
2079:AI accelerator
2076:
2070:
2068:
2060:
2059:
2057:
2056:
2050:
2045:
2042:Multiprocessor
2039:
2032:
2030:
2024:
2023:
2021:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1993:Microprocessor
1990:
1984:
1982:
1981:By application
1975:
1974:
1968:
1962:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1924:Tile processor
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
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1904:
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1729:
1724:
1719:
1718:
1717:
1712:
1710:Hyperthreading
1702:
1696:
1694:
1692:Multithreading
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1687:
1685:
1684:
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1471:
1469:Pipeline stall
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1421:
1420:
1418:z/Architecture
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1159:
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1136:
1131:
1130:
1129:
1124:
1122:Virtual memory
1114:
1109:
1108:
1107:
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1097:
1092:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1061:
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1027:
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1015:
1010:
1000:
995:
990:
989:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
946:Turing machine
943:
942:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
906:
901:
895:
893:
887:
886:
879:
878:
871:
864:
856:
848:
847:
826:
805:
784:
754:
753:
751:
748:
736:hash functions
731:
728:
726:respectively.
650:
647:
627:
626:Representation
624:
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563:
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549:
541:
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63:
58:
32:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2800:
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2782:
2780:
2777:
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2750:
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2718:
2715:
2713:
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2700:
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2692:
2690:
2684:
2674:
2671:
2669:
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2664:
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2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2647:
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2642:
2639:
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2626:
2624:
2620:
2614:
2611:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2597:
2594:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2574:Demultiplexer
2572:
2570:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2562:
2558:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2518:
2516:
2512:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2495:Memory buffer
2493:
2491:
2490:Register file
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2468:
2464:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2447:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2430:Combinational
2428:
2427:
2425:
2423:
2419:
2413:
2410:
2406:
2403:
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2400:
2397:
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2255:
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2239:
2235:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
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2199:
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2159:
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2152:
2149:
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2144:
2140:
2130:
2127:
2125:
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2120:
2117:
2114:
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2105:
2102:
2099:
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2093:
2091:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
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2069:
2067:
2061:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2025:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1979:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1960:
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1925:
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1920:
1917:
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1907:
1903:
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1776:
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1698:
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1666:
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1600:
1597:
1595:
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1573:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1564:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1537:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1530:Scoreboarding
1528:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1513:
1512:False sharing
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1486:
1480:
1477:
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1406:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1396:
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1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
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1361:
1358:
1356:
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1348:
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1343:
1341:
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1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1320:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1305:Stanford MIPS
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1269:
1261:
1258:
1257:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1214:
1211:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1176:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1166:architectures
1161:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1134:Heterogeneous
1132:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1087:
1086:
1085:Memory access
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1059:
1056:
1055:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1032:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1018:Random-access
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1004:
1001:
999:
998:Stack machine
996:
994:
991:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
948:
947:
944:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
914:with datapath
912:
911:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
896:
894:
892:
888:
884:
877:
872:
870:
865:
863:
858:
857:
854:
836:
830:
815:
809:
794:
788:
772:
765:
759:
755:
747:
745:
741:
737:
727:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
682:
680:
676:
672:
668:
660:
655:
646:
639:
637:
633:
623:
621:
617:
613:
612:address buses
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
578:
574:
562:
557:
555:
550:
548:
543:
542:
540:
539:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
519:
517:
516:
513:
510:
507:
506:
499:
496:
493:
490:
488:
485:
482:
479:
477:
474:
471:
468:
466:
463:
460:
457:
456:
454:
453:
450:
447:
444:
443:
437:
434:
432:
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
418:
416:
415:
412:
409:
408:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
312:
309:
307:
304:
302:
299:
298:
296:
295:
292:
289:
288:
284:
283:
274:
271:
256:
253:
245:
234:
231:
227:
224:
220:
217:
213:
210:
206:
203: –
202:
198:
197:Find sources:
191:
187:
181:
180:
175:This article
173:
169:
164:
163:
154:
151:
143:
132:
129:
125:
122:
118:
115:
111:
108:
104:
101: –
100:
96:
95:Find sources:
89:
83:
82:
78:
73:This article
71:
67:
62:
61:
56:
54:
47:
46:
41:
40:
35:
30:
21:
20:
2784:Chip carrier
2722:Clock gating
2641:Mixed-signal
2538:Write buffer
2515:Control unit
2327:Clock signal
2210:
2066:accelerators
2048:Cypress PSoC
1705:Simultaneous
1522:Out-of-order
1154:Neuromorphic
1035:Architecture
993:Belt machine
986:Zeno machine
919:Hierarchical
839:. Retrieved
837:. Nvidia.com
829:
818:. Retrieved
808:
797:. Retrieved
787:
775:. Retrieved
773:. March 2014
758:
733:
706:
698:Nvidia Tesla
683:
664:
640:
629:
576:
570:
395:
266:
248:
239:
229:
222:
215:
208:
196:
184:Please help
179:verification
176:
146:
137:
127:
120:
113:
106:
94:
74:
50:
43:
37:
36:Please help
33:
2569:Multiplexer
2533:Data buffer
2244:Single-core
2216:bit slicing
2074:Coprocessor
1929:Coprocessor
1810:performance
1732:Cooperative
1722:Speculative
1682:Distributed
1641:Superscalar
1626:Instruction
1594:Parallelism
1567:Speculative
1399:System/3x0
1271:Instruction
1048:Von Neumann
961:Post–Turing
643:2 − 1
586:, or other
411:Application
401:bit slicing
2689:management
2584:Multiplier
2445:Logic gate
2435:Sequential
2342:Functional
2322:Clock rate
2295:Data cache
2268:Components
2249:Multi-core
2237:Core count
1727:Preemptive
1631:Pipelining
1614:Bit-serial
1557:Wide-issue
1502:Structural
1424:Tilera ISA
1390:MicroBlaze
1360:ETRAX CRIS
1255:Comparison
1100:Load–store
1080:Endianness
841:2013-08-13
820:2013-08-13
799:2013-08-13
750:References
738:, such as
724:Skylake-SP
704:followed.
665:The Intel
620:processors
616:data buses
602:(CPU) and
242:April 2023
212:newspapers
110:newspapers
77:references
39:improve it
2805:Data unit
2623:Circuitry
2543:Microcode
2467:Registers
2310:coherence
2285:CPU cache
2143:Word size
1808:Processor
1452:Execution
1355:DEC Alpha
1333:Power ISA
1149:Cognitive
956:Universal
816:. GeForce
795:. GeForce
777:April 30,
659:Radeon R9
608:registers
512:precision
449:precision
140:July 2013
45:talk page
2799:Category
2561:Datapath
2254:Manycore
2226:variable
2064:Hardware
1700:Temporal
1380:OpenRISC
1075:Cellular
1065:Dataflow
1058:modified
744:SHA3-512
730:Software
667:Xeon Phi
657:The AMD
649:Hardware
580:integers
2737:Related
2668:Quantum
2658:Digital
2653:Boolean
2551:Counter
2450:Quantum
2211:512-bit
2206:256-bit
2201:128-bit
2044:(MPSoC)
2029:on chip
2027:Systems
1845:(FLOPS)
1658:Process
1507:Control
1489:Hazards
1375:Itanium
1370:Unicore
1328:PowerPC
1053:Harvard
1013:Pointer
1008:Counter
966:Quantum
740:SHA-512
708:AVX-512
632:integer
577:512-bit
226:scholar
124:scholar
2673:Switch
2663:Analog
2401:(IMC)
2372:(MMU)
2221:others
2196:64-bit
2191:48-bit
2186:32-bit
2181:24-bit
2176:16-bit
2171:15-bit
2166:12-bit
2003:Mobile
1919:Stream
1914:Barrel
1909:Vector
1898:(GPU)
1857:(SUPS)
1825:(IPC)
1677:Memory
1670:Vector
1653:Thread
1636:Scalar
1438:Others
1385:RISC-V
1350:SuperH
1319:Power
1315:MIPS-X
1290:PDP-11
1139:Fabric
891:Models
694:Nvidia
692:, the
688:(AMD)
679:64-bit
675:32-bit
669:has a
638:used.
596:octets
228:
221:
214:
207:
199:
126:
119:
112:
105:
97:
2729:(PPW)
2687:Power
2579:Adder
2455:Array
2422:Logic
2383:(TLB)
2366:(FPU)
2360:(AGU)
2354:(ALU)
2344:units
2280:Cache
2161:8-bit
2156:4-bit
2151:1-bit
2115:(TPU)
2109:(DSP)
2103:(PPU)
2097:(VPU)
2086:(GPU)
2055:(NoC)
2038:(SoC)
1973:(PoP)
1967:(SiP)
1961:(MCM)
1902:GPGPU
1892:(CPU)
1882:Types
1863:(PPW)
1851:(TPS)
1839:(IPS)
1831:(CPI)
1602:Level
1413:S/390
1408:S/370
1403:S/360
1345:SPARC
1323:POWER
1206:TRIPS
1174:Types
771:Intel
767:(PDF)
734:Many
614:, or
233:JSTOR
219:books
131:JSTOR
117:books
2707:ACPI
2440:Glue
2332:FIFO
2275:Core
2013:ASIP
1954:CPLD
1949:FPOA
1944:FPGA
1939:ASIC
1792:SPMD
1787:MIMD
1782:MISD
1775:SWAR
1755:SIMD
1750:SISD
1665:Data
1648:Task
1619:Word
1365:M32R
1310:MIPS
1273:sets
1240:ZISC
1235:NISC
1230:OISC
1225:MISC
1218:EPIC
1213:VLIW
1201:EDGE
1191:RISC
1186:CISC
1095:HUMA
1090:NUMA
779:2019
742:and
594:(64
592:bits
588:data
500:(Ă—8)
494:(Ă—4)
483:(Ă—2)
472:(Ă—1)
461:(×½)
205:news
103:news
2702:APM
2697:PMU
2589:CPU
2546:ROM
2317:Bus
1934:PAL
1609:Bit
1395:LMC
1300:ARM
1295:x86
1285:VAX
571:In
532:128
498:256
492:128
396:512
391:256
386:128
291:Bit
188:by
79:to
2801::
2636:3D
769:.
610:,
582:,
575:,
527:64
522:32
487:80
481:64
476:40
470:32
465:24
459:16
436:64
431:32
426:16
381:64
376:60
371:48
366:45
361:36
356:32
351:31
346:30
341:28
336:26
331:24
326:18
321:16
316:12
90:.
48:.
875:e
868:t
861:v
844:.
823:.
802:.
781:.
560:e
553:t
546:v
421:8
311:8
306:4
301:1
273:)
267:(
255:)
249:(
244:)
240:(
230:·
223:·
216:·
209:·
182:.
153:)
147:(
142:)
138:(
128:·
121:·
114:·
107:·
84:.
55:)
51:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
