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for virus testing and bat surveys. George said that 168 contacts of the two deceased patients were identified and underwent virus testing. The state government established a control room in
Kozhikode for continuous monitoring, and health workers were instructed to adhere strictly to infection-control
169:
The index patient had passed the virus to 16 people at
Medical College Hospital, and two more were later infected. There were 10 deaths in the first week they included nurse Lini Puthussery, who had treated the index patient before diagnosis. The outbreak began in Kozhikode district, later spreading
419:
died on 21 July 2024 at GMCH Kozhikode. He had exposure to hog plum fruit, although it was not certain if this was the vehicle that exposed him to the virus, and fruit bat activity existed in the area. The boy had initially been admitted to a hospital in
Perinthalmanna for acute encephalitis. He
271:
Lini
Puthussery, a 28-year-old nurse at the Perambra Taluk hospital who died of the virus, was called a hero by doctors and on social media. A note she had written to her husband, Sajish, was circulated on social media. The Kerala Government Hospital Development Society (KGHDS) employees' union
420:
was unable to receive a monoclonal antibody treatment because of his deteriorating condition by the time it arrived. One more death was reported in
Malappuram district during the month of September 2024. The person was a 24-year-old student who had come there from Bangalore.
288:. Over 300 people were put under observation, but no further cases were reported. The student later recovered. This is the fourth outbreak reported in India, with previous outbreaks in 2001 (45 deaths), 2007 (five deaths), and 2018 (17 deaths).
370:
Six cases and two deaths were reported in August and
September 2023. One of the victims died on 30 August and the other died in early September, both in Kozhikode district. Two family members of a victim tested positive and were hospitalized.
272:
instituted an award in
Puthussery's name to an outstanding person in the sector. The Best Nurse in Public Service Award was instituted in memory of Puthussery. Jim Campbell, director of the health workforce of the
231:
diocese in northern Kerala urged churches to stop placing communion on the tongue, postpone religious classes and avoid weddings, family gatherings and unnecessary travel until the viral spread was contained.
1274:
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gram panchayat of
Kozhikode district. It claimed one life, on 5 Sept 2021. An outbreak began in Kozhikode district in Aug 2023, claiming two lives and infecting four other people by 16 Sept of that year.
659:
450:
1617:"12-Year-Old Succumbs to Nipah Virus in Kerala; Two Health Workers Who Were in Contact with the Patient Develop Symptoms | The Weather Channel - Articles from The Weather Channel | weather.com"
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announced that the central government had dispatched a team of experts to Kerala to assess the situation and help the state government manage the outbreak. Kerala Health
Minister
684:
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On 23 May 2018, the Kerala Health
Department issued an advisory asking travelers to northern Kerala to be cautious. Two days later, the Ministry of Health and Prevention of the
1222:
1693:
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of the district, and claimed one life. This was Kerala's third Nipah virus outbreak, following outbreaks in 2018 and 2019. The central government rushed a team from the
1564:
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protocols. Seven villages in Kozhikode were declared as containment zones, and some schools and offices in the district were temporarily closed. Kerala Chief Minister
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of the outbreak was reported at a private hospital in Kozhikode district on 5 September, when a 12-year-old boy from Chathamangalam died after testing positive for
129:
districts, and claimed 17 lives. The outbreak was declared over on 10 Jun 2018. Another outbreak occurred in 2021, but was confined to the village of Pazhur in the
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and kept under observation during the outbreak. To fight the infection, M 102.4 (a human monoclonal antibody undergoing clinical trials) was imported from
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17:
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After the index patient died, 16 other affected patients succumbed to the disease; two recovered fully. The outbreak was declared over on 10 June 2018.
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208:. Although the first set of samples did not detect the virus in bats, later tests indicated that fruit bats in the area were the source of the virus.
860:
2157:
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608:
433:, a 2019 Indian Malayalam medical thriller film co-produced and directed by Aashiq Abu and released on 7 June 2019, was based on the 2018 outbreak.
1875:
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Ghafur, Abdul; Kumar, A. S. Anoop; Devadasan, N.; Meena, Amit; Jose, U. V.; Zachariah, Arun; Mohandas, A. C.; Indu, P. S.; Michael, C. J. (2019).
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said that the state government treated the deaths seriously, and urged the public to wear face masks and visit hospitals only for emergencies.
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confirmed the first case of Nipah virus in Kerala in May 2018. A total of 21 Nipah virus infected individuals died between 2018 and 2024.
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166:. A team of doctors at the hospital suspected Nipah, since his symptoms were similar to those of his brother (who had died by then).
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745:"Nipah virus: Kerala districts wear deserted look as 2,000 kept under observation; businesses strained, NRIs stranded - Firstpost"
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advised postponing unnecessary travel to Kerala and avoiding its fruits and vegetables until the situation was under control.
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342:, came three years after a previous outbreak which claimed 17 lives. The presence of Nipah virus in the boy was confirmed by
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to the state to provide technical support. Relatives of the dead boy and those involved in his treatment were placed under
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for further treatment, but succumbed to the virus. His brother, Mohammed Salih, was admitted to Baby Memorial Hospital in
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276:, tweeted: "Remember them, lest we forget: Razan al-Najjar (Gaza); Lini Puthusserry (India), Salome Karwah (Liberia)".
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to the adjacent Malappuram district. Health advisories were issued for northern Kerala and the adjoining districts of
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reported that tests had confirmed that the virus strain in the outbreak was identical to one previously found in
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1591:"Nipah virus: TN steps up measures to screen people at border areas after reports of infection in Kerala"
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660:"Kerala Health Department: These doctors were the first to figure out this infection was different"
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tests conducted at the Manipal Institute of Virology and the National Virology Institute in
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8:
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1039:"Cooperation is key: Three Kerala govt officials on what they learnt from tackling Nipah"
798:"Silently, additional chief secretary Rajeev Sadanandan gained the ammo to take on Nipah"
416:
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126:
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1798:"TN steps up thermal screening at 9 border districts after Nipah virus death in Kerala"
1694:"നിപ പകർന്നത് ആടിൽ നിന്നല്ല, റംബുട്ടാനിൽ നിന്നാണോയെന്ന് പരിശോധിക്കുന്നു- ആരോഗ്യമന്ത്രി"
827:
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Respond ReplyTicket from Malaysian Ministry of Health (Kementrian Kesihatan Malaysia)
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1667:"Jagran Explainer: How Centre and Kerala govt are preparing to deal with Nipah virus"
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1438:"Kerala: 12-year-old dies of Nipah virus; all contacts traced, says health minister"
1090:"Institute of Human Virology in Baltimore commends Kerala govt for containing Nipah"
3167:
2301:
2256:
2207:
1850:"Two Health Workers Show Symptoms of Nipah Virus Infection; Kerala Health Minister"
976:
861:"Fruit bats were the source of deadly Nipah Virus in Kerala: Union Health Minister"
501:"Nipah virus outbreak: Death toll rises to 14 in Kerala, two more cases identified"
400:
322:
2021 outbreak in Kozhikode, with a three-kilometer buffer zone around the epicentre
555:"Nipah virus contained, last two positive cases have recovered: Kerala Health Min"
2751:
2307:
2262:
2235:
1746:"12-yr-old dies of Nipah in Kerala; 17 primary contacts placed under observation"
1223:"WHO director pays homage to Kerala's 'hero' nurse who died battling Nipah virus"
689:
1353:"12yr-old dies of Nipah in Kerala; 17 primary contacts placed under observation"
2243:
304:
301:
249:
130:
1772:"Nipah death in Kerala: Symptoms, prevention, treatment. All you need to know"
1197:"lini puthussery: Award instituted in Lini's memory | Thiruvananthapuram News"
3217:
3161:
2313:
2101:"Malayalam movie 'Virus' based on 2018 Nipah outbreak to release this Friday"
1415:
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1017:
351:
300:, on 5 September. The outbreak was localized in the village, which is in the
981:
964:
2139:
Sharing of Information of Virus Posted in the WHO EIS on at Malaysian Time
1824:"Breaking news: 4 killed, 17 injured after tractor-trolley overturns in MP"
1540:"Latest updates: Andhra Pradesh reports 1,623 new Covid-19 cases, 8 deaths"
1275:"Ernakulam district declared Nipah virus free, says Kerala health minister"
990:
379:
261:
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1515:"Nipah resurfaces in Kerala; claims one life, two health workers infected"
1328:"Third outbreak of Nipah Virus in India since 2001. What are the reasons?"
3137:
2325:
2150:"Kerala Nurse Died After Treating Nipah Patient, Left Heartbreaking Note"
1379:"Central Team Rushed To Kerala As Boy, 12, Dies Of Nipah Virus Infection"
725:"Nipah virus: Two suspected cases reported in Karnataka - Times of India"
705:"Kerala Nurse Died After Treating Nipah Patient, Left Heartbreaking Note"
347:
110:
57:
2702:
2550:
1642:"Amid Rising Covid Cases, Kerala Faces New Challenges With Nipah Virus"
383:
327:
312:
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The 2021 outbreak began with the death of a 12-year-old boy in Pazhur,
244:
Nurse Lini Puthussery, who treated the first victim, died in Kozhikode.
182:
143:
118:
106:
90:
2198:
2158:"Tracking Nipah outbreak: Sabith, Patient No. 1, infected all but one"
1920:"Kerala reports 4 cases of Nipah virus, 2 deaths. What we know so far"
1720:"നിപ: കുട്ടിയുടെ അമ്മയ്ക്ക് പനി; ഉടന് മെഡിക്കല് കോളജിലേക്ക് മാറ്റും"
965:"Outbreak Investigation of Nipah Virus Disease in Kerala, India, 2018"
823:"Nipah virus scare: Health department issues alert - Times of India ►"
685:"Kerala govt confirms 10 deaths due to Nipah virus, 2 others critical"
609:"Tracking Nipah outbreak: Sabith, Patient No. 1, infected all but one"
581:"Nipah: No indication of second wave yet, says Kerala Health Minister"
2002:"India's Kerala shuts schools and offices to curb deadly Nipah virus"
412:
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186:
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1404:"Nipah resurfaces in Kerala's Kozhikode, Centre rushes support team"
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After Nipah virus outbreaks in India in 2001 and 2007 (both in the
240:
1876:"Nipah outbreak | Number of cases rises to six in Kozhikode"
1565:"12-year-old dies of Nipah virus infection in Kerala's Kozhikode"
1277:. India Today. Press Trust of India. 23 July 2019. Archived from
339:
2083:"Second person dead from Nipah virus in India's Kerala in 2024"
2058:"After Nipah death, mask made mandatory in Kerala's Malappuram"
335:
256:
and the district collector were praised by many, including the
248:
Kerala's efforts to contain the outbreak under health minister
189:. This was facilitated by Nipah researcher Christopher Broder.
114:
86:
285:
181:
Over 2,000 people in Kozhikode and Malappuram districts were
1065:"Nipah outbreak in Kerala: HC commends government's efforts"
1464:"12-year-old boy dies of Nipah virus in Kerala's Kozhikode"
939:"Pinarayi inaugurates first Institute of Advanced Virology"
709:
391:
205:
1894:"India's Kerala state reports two deaths from Nipah virus"
962:
792:
790:
1975:"Kerala: India state on alert after Nipah virus deaths"
770:"Nipah drug from Australia reaches Kerala, say reports"
787:
284:
A 23-year-old student was diagnosed on 4 June 2019 in
1116:"Lini Puthussery died of the Nipah virus on May 21st"
887:"Nipah: Travellers asked to avoid 4 Kerala districts"
334:. The new Nipah infection, which spreads through the
200:
Presence of the virus in patients was confirmed with
635:"Have scientists hit upon a magical cure for Nipah?"
1489:"Health minister confirms Nipah death in Kozhikode"
227:, in response to the outbreak. Two days later, the
1345:
1267:
451:"South-East Asia : Outbreaks and emergencies"
2032:Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy
1462:Unnithan, P. S. Gopikrishnan (5 September 2021).
3215:
117:in 2018. The 2018 Kerala outbreak was traced to
914:"Nipah virus: UAE issues Kerala travel warning"
1293:
3189:
2184:
146:was reported at a sub-divisional hospital in
358:) were found to be positive in tests at the
195:
2051:
2049:
2028:"India reports fatal Nipah virus infection"
549:
547:
154:, on 2 May. The patient was brought to the
2191:
2177:
2025:
1249:"പരിശോധനാ ഫലം ലഭിച്ചു; യുവാവിന് നിപ തന്നെ"
476:"Deadly Nipah virus claims lives in India"
223:On 30 May 2018, construction began on the
47:An electron micrograph of the Nipah virus
40:
2372:"Cocoliztli" epidemics in colonial Mexico
2056:Naha, Abdul Latheef (16 September 2024).
980:
2046:
1461:
843:"Origin of Nipah virus yet to be traced"
544:
317:
239:
27:Nipah virus outbreaks occurring in India
1969:
1967:
394:had established a mobile laboratory at
174:, with two suspected cases detected in
121:in the area, was generally confined to
14:
3216:
1325:
1149:"'Hero' nurse who died battling Nipah"
1003:
264:of the Institute of Human Virology in
225:Institute of Advanced Virology, Kerala
2439:Great Plague in the late Ming dynasty
2172:
1691:
1512:
1326:Sharma, Neetu Chandra (22 May 2018).
1006:"Holy Communion to be served on hand"
423:
81:There have been several outbreaks of
2055:
1999:
1964:
603:
601:
89:, some of which have been traced to
1692:ലേഖകൻ, മാധ്യമം (6 September 2021).
1435:
309:National Centre for Disease Control
24:
18:2021 Nipah virus outbreak in Kerala
2935:
969:The Journal of Infectious Diseases
25:
3285:
2142:"Share 'DOC-20181030-WA0025.PDF'"
2124:
2026:Schnirring, Lisa (22 July 2024).
2000:Jain, Rupam (13 September 2023).
1513:Jacob, Shine (5 September 2021).
598:
406:
3274:History of Kerala (1947–present)
3144:encephalitis lethargica epidemic
2133:"Share 'Tiket Maklum balas.PDF'"
1946:"Nipah Virus Outbreak in Kerala"
1436:Tom, Disney (5 September 2021).
911:
365:
291:
279:
137:
2922:Gorakhpur Japanese encephalitis
2219:List of epidemics and pandemics
2093:
2075:
2019:
1993:
1938:
1912:
1886:
1868:
1842:
1816:
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1189:
1171:"Lini Puthussery award Tuesday"
1163:
1141:
1108:
1082:
1057:
1031:
1004:Joseph, Mithosh (1 June 2018).
997:
956:
931:
905:
879:
853:
835:
815:
762:
737:
717:
697:
677:
35:Nipah virus outbreaks in Kerala
652:
627:
573:
519:
493:
468:
443:
388:National Institute of Virology
360:National Institute of Virology
346:tests, and all three samples (
235:
13:
1:
2247:
1303:. 31 May 2018. Archived from
436:
7:
211:
113:), an outbreak occurred in
10:
3290:
3244:Disease outbreaks in India
3032:2024 Latin American dengue
2812:Western African meningitis
2626:Pacific Northwest smallpox
100:
3239:June 2018 events in India
3056:
2732:
2653:
2638:Buenos Aires yellow fever
2558:
2549:
2536:Philadelphia yellow fever
2506:Great Plague of Marseille
2500:Great Northern War plague
2494:Iceland smallpox epidemic
2486:
2407:
2352:
2341:
2278:
2234:
2227:
2214:
2034:. University of Minnesota
455:World Health Organization
396:Kozhikode Medical College
274:World Health Organisation
196:Virology and epidemiology
71:
63:
53:
39:
34:
3234:May 2018 events in India
3202:Mpox (clade Ib) epidemic
3196:Mpox (clade II) outbreak
3156:Seventh cholera pandemic
3224:2018 disasters in India
3114:Fourth cholera pandemic
3096:Second cholera pandemic
2942:Équateur province Ebola
2530:North American smallpox
2445:Great Plague of Seville
1519:Business Standard India
411:A 14-year-old boy from
374:Indian Health Minister
3249:21st-century epidemics
3229:2018 disease outbreaks
3132:Sixth cholera pandemic
3120:Fifth cholera pandemic
3102:Third cholera pandemic
3090:First cholera pandemic
3072:Second plague pandemic
2632:Barcelona yellow fever
2477:Great Plague of Vienna
2463:Great Plague of London
2433:Massachusetts smallpox
802:The New Indian Express
664:The New Indian Express
323:
245:
67:2018, 2021, 2023, 2024
3108:Third plague pandemic
3066:First plague pandemic
2860:Western African Ebola
2770:Chikungunya outbreaks
2722:Malaysian Nipah virus
2590:Great Plains smallpox
1301:"Nipah virus - India"
982:10.1093/infdis/jiy612
386:, and teams from the
332:Nipah virus infection
321:
243:
3168:Russian flu pandemic
2910:Angolan yellow fever
2661:San Francisco plague
2614:Broad Street cholera
2512:Great Plague of 1738
2089:. 16 September 2024.
1882:. 15 September 2023.
1410:. 5 September 2021.
918:www.khaleejtimes.com
527:"After the outbreak"
218:United Arab Emirates
3269:Disasters in Kerala
3074:(1348–19th century)
3002:New Zealand measles
2830:Darfur yellow fever
2673:LA pneumonic plague
2290:Plague of Justinian
1981:. 13 September 2023
1926:. 12 September 2023
1900:. 12 September 2023
1621:The Weather Channel
505:The Hindustan Times
417:Malappuram district
252:, health secretary
3084:Influenza pandemic
3078:Influenza pandemic
3026:Bangsamoro measles
3008:Singaporean dengue
2972:Pacific NW measles
2966:Philippine measles
2954:Madagascar measles
2936:Kerala Nipah virus
2929:Saudi Arabian MERS
2842:Singaporean dengue
2788:Zimbabwean cholera
2758:Singaporean dengue
2602:Copenhagen cholera
2584:Groningen epidemic
2378:Influenza pandemic
2360:Influenza pandemic
1856:. 5 September 2021
1830:. 5 September 2021
1804:. 5 September 2021
1778:. 5 September 2021
1752:. 5 September 2021
1750:The Indian Express
1673:. 5 September 2021
1597:. 5 September 2021
1571:. 5 September 2021
1544:The Times of India
1442:The Times of India
1359:. 5 September 2021
1357:The Indian Express
1227:The Indian Express
1201:The Times of India
1069:The Times of India
891:The Economic Times
828:The Times of India
730:The Times of India
613:The Indian Express
424:In popular culture
324:
298:Kozhikode district
246:
164:viral encephalitis
152:Kozhikode district
3211:
3210:
3052:
3051:
3048:
3047:
2984:Kuala Koh measles
2898:South Korean MERS
2886:Polio declaration
2874:Madagascar plague
2806:Gujarat hepatitis
2794:Madagascar plague
2746:Midwest monkeypox
2697:Yugoslav smallpox
2667:Manchurian plague
2608:Stockholm cholera
2545:
2544:
2332:Sweating sickness
2320:Japanese smallpox
2269:Plague of Cyprian
2208:disease outbreaks
2087:The Straits Times
1698:www.madhyamam.com
1281:on 19 August 2019
975:(12): 1867–1878.
749:www.firstpost.com
480:www.aljazeera.com
376:Mansukh Mandaviya
258:Kerala High Court
254:Rajeev Sadanandan
79:
78:
16:(Redirected from
3281:
3259:Health in Kerala
3191:
2978:New York measles
2932:
2892:Indian swine flu
2880:Odisha hepatitis
2870:
2824:Pakistani dengue
2776:Pakistani dengue
2725:
2691:Wrocław smallpox
2644:Hong Kong plague
2578:Caragea's plague
2556:
2555:
2473:
2366:Mexican smallpox
2350:
2349:
2302:Plague of Sheroe
2257:Plague of Athens
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1607:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1595:www.cnbctv18.com
1587:
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1576:
1569:Deccan Chronicle
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1175:Deccan Chronicle
1167:
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912:Zain, Asma Ali.
909:
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447:
401:Pinarayi Vijayan
178:on 23 May 2018.
44:
32:
31:
21:
3289:
3288:
3284:
3283:
3282:
3280:
3279:
3278:
3264:2010s in Kerala
3254:Paramyxoviridae
3214:
3213:
3212:
3207:
3044:
2927:
2865:
2848:Swansea measles
2800:Bolivian dengue
2728:
2720:
2709:Indian smallpox
2679:Croydon typhoid
2649:
2541:
2482:
2468:
2403:
2344:
2337:
2308:Plague of Amwas
2281:
2274:
2263:Antonine Plague
2250:
2223:
2210:
2197:
2166:
2164:
2160:. 15 July 2018.
2156:
2148:
2140:
2131:
2127:
2121:
2120:
2110:
2108:
2105:The News Minute
2099:
2098:
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2081:
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2076:
2066:
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2054:
2047:
2037:
2035:
2024:
2020:
2010:
2008:
1998:
1994:
1984:
1982:
1973:
1972:
1965:
1955:
1953:
1944:
1943:
1939:
1929:
1927:
1924:Hindustan Times
1918:
1917:
1913:
1903:
1901:
1892:
1891:
1887:
1874:
1873:
1869:
1859:
1857:
1848:
1847:
1843:
1833:
1831:
1828:Hindustan Times
1822:
1821:
1817:
1807:
1805:
1802:The News Minute
1796:
1795:
1791:
1781:
1779:
1776:Hindustan Times
1770:
1769:
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1755:
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1744:
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1397:
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1372:
1362:
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1351:
1350:
1346:
1336:
1334:
1324:
1320:
1310:
1308:
1307:on 10 June 2018
1299:
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1273:
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1180:
1178:
1169:
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1152:
1147:
1146:
1142:
1132:
1130:
1122:. 2 June 2018.
1114:
1113:
1109:
1099:
1097:
1094:The News Minute
1088:
1087:
1083:
1073:
1071:
1063:
1062:
1058:
1048:
1046:
1043:The News Minute
1037:
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998:
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947:
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936:
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885:
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870:
868:
865:The News Minute
859:
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723:
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718:
703:
702:
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690:Hindustan Times
683:
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653:
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633:
632:
628:
618:
616:
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579:
578:
574:
564:
562:
559:The News Minute
553:
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533:
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520:
510:
508:
499:
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494:
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482:
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469:
459:
457:
449:
448:
444:
439:
426:
409:
368:
294:
282:
238:
214:
198:
162:with suspected
142:The outbreak's
140:
103:
49:
48:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3287:
3277:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3205:
3199:
3193:
3183:
3177:
3176:(1981–present)
3171:
3165:
3159:
3153:
3147:
3141:
3135:
3129:
3123:
3117:
3111:
3105:
3099:
3093:
3087:
3081:
3075:
3069:
3062:
3060:
3054:
3053:
3050:
3049:
3046:
3045:
3043:
3042:
3041:
3040:
3029:
3028:(2023–present)
3023:
3020:Jamaica dengue
3017:
3011:
3005:
2999:
2993:
2987:
2981:
2975:
2969:
2963:
2957:
2951:
2945:
2939:
2933:
2925:
2919:
2916:Yemeni cholera
2913:
2907:
2901:
2895:
2889:
2883:
2877:
2871:
2867:DR Congo Ebola
2863:
2857:
2851:
2845:
2839:
2833:
2827:
2821:
2815:
2809:
2803:
2797:
2791:
2785:
2779:
2773:
2767:
2761:
2755:
2749:
2743:
2736:
2734:
2730:
2729:
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2726:
2718:
2712:
2706:
2700:
2694:
2688:
2682:
2676:
2670:
2664:
2657:
2655:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2647:
2641:
2635:
2629:
2623:
2617:
2611:
2605:
2599:
2593:
2587:
2581:
2575:
2572:Maltese plague
2569:
2566:Ottoman plague
2562:
2560:
2553:
2547:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2539:
2533:
2527:
2524:Persian Plague
2521:
2518:Russian plague
2515:
2509:
2503:
2497:
2490:
2488:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2474:
2470:Maltese plague
2466:
2460:
2454:
2451:Maltese plague
2448:
2442:
2436:
2430:
2427:Italian plague
2424:
2421:Maltese plague
2418:
2411:
2409:
2405:
2404:
2402:
2401:
2399:
2393:
2390:Maltese plague
2387:
2381:
2375:
2369:
2363:
2356:
2354:
2347:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2335:
2329:
2323:
2317:
2311:
2305:
2299:
2293:
2286:
2284:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2272:
2266:
2260:
2254:
2244:Hittite plague
2240:
2238:
2229:
2225:
2224:
2222:
2221:
2215:
2212:
2211:
2196:
2195:
2188:
2181:
2173:
2163:
2162:
2154:
2146:
2137:
2126:
2125:External links
2123:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2092:
2074:
2045:
2018:
1992:
1963:
1952:(in Malayalam)
1950:ManoramaOnline
1937:
1911:
1885:
1867:
1841:
1815:
1789:
1763:
1737:
1726:(in Malayalam)
1724:ManoramaOnline
1711:
1700:(in Malayalam)
1684:
1671:Jagran English
1658:
1633:
1608:
1582:
1556:
1531:
1505:
1480:
1454:
1428:
1395:
1370:
1344:
1318:
1292:
1266:
1240:
1214:
1203:. 28 June 2018
1188:
1162:
1140:
1107:
1081:
1056:
1045:. 13 June 2018
1030:
996:
955:
930:
904:
878:
852:
849:. 2 June 2018.
834:
814:
786:
761:
736:
716:
713:. 22 May 2018.
696:
693:. 22 May 2018.
676:
651:
626:
615:. 15 July 2018
597:
572:
561:. 11 June 2018
543:
518:
492:
467:
441:
440:
438:
435:
425:
422:
408:
407:2024 incidents
405:
367:
364:
305:gram panchayat
302:Chathamangalam
293:
290:
281:
278:
250:K. K. Shailaja
237:
234:
213:
210:
197:
194:
156:GMCH Kozhikode
139:
136:
131:Chathamangalam
102:
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55:
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3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3221:
3219:
3203:
3200:
3197:
3194:
3188:(2019–present
3187:
3184:
3181:
3178:
3175:
3172:
3169:
3166:
3163:
3162:Hong Kong flu
3160:
3157:
3154:
3151:
3148:
3145:
3142:
3139:
3136:
3133:
3130:
3127:
3124:
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3024:
3021:
3018:
3015:
3012:
3009:
3006:
3003:
3000:
2997:
2994:
2991:
2990:Tonga measles
2988:
2985:
2982:
2979:
2976:
2973:
2970:
2967:
2964:
2961:
2960:Samoa measles
2958:
2955:
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2943:
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2852:
2849:
2846:
2843:
2840:
2837:
2834:
2831:
2828:
2825:
2822:
2819:
2818:Haiti cholera
2816:
2813:
2810:
2807:
2804:
2801:
2798:
2795:
2792:
2789:
2786:
2783:
2782:Iraqi cholera
2780:
2777:
2774:
2771:
2768:
2765:
2764:Indian dengue
2762:
2759:
2756:
2753:
2750:
2747:
2744:
2741:
2738:
2737:
2735:
2731:
2723:
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2716:
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2710:
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2704:
2701:
2698:
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2671:
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2665:
2662:
2659:
2658:
2656:
2652:
2645:
2642:
2639:
2636:
2633:
2630:
2627:
2624:
2621:
2620:Guam smallpox
2618:
2615:
2612:
2609:
2606:
2603:
2600:
2597:
2594:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2582:
2579:
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2570:
2567:
2564:
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2557:
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2552:
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2522:
2519:
2516:
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2510:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2495:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2485:
2478:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2464:
2461:
2458:
2457:Naples Plague
2455:
2452:
2449:
2446:
2443:
2440:
2437:
2434:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2422:
2419:
2416:
2415:London plague
2413:
2412:
2410:
2406:
2400:
2397:
2396:London plague
2394:
2391:
2388:
2385:
2384:London plague
2382:
2379:
2376:
2373:
2370:
2367:
2364:
2361:
2358:
2357:
2355:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2340:
2333:
2330:
2327:
2324:
2321:
2318:
2315:
2314:Plague of 664
2312:
2309:
2306:
2303:
2300:
2297:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2277:
2270:
2267:
2264:
2261:
2258:
2255:
2245:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2237:
2233:
2230:
2226:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2194:
2189:
2187:
2182:
2180:
2175:
2174:
2171:
2167:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2138:
2134:
2129:
2128:
2107:. 5 June 2019
2106:
2102:
2096:
2088:
2084:
2078:
2063:
2059:
2052:
2050:
2033:
2029:
2022:
2007:
2003:
1996:
1980:
1976:
1970:
1968:
1951:
1947:
1941:
1925:
1921:
1915:
1899:
1895:
1889:
1881:
1877:
1871:
1855:
1851:
1845:
1829:
1825:
1819:
1803:
1799:
1793:
1777:
1773:
1767:
1751:
1747:
1741:
1725:
1721:
1715:
1699:
1695:
1688:
1672:
1668:
1662:
1647:
1643:
1637:
1622:
1618:
1612:
1596:
1592:
1586:
1570:
1566:
1560:
1545:
1541:
1535:
1520:
1516:
1509:
1494:
1490:
1484:
1469:
1465:
1458:
1443:
1439:
1432:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1399:
1384:
1380:
1374:
1358:
1354:
1348:
1333:
1329:
1322:
1306:
1302:
1296:
1280:
1276:
1270:
1255:. 4 June 2019
1254:
1250:
1244:
1229:. 5 June 2018
1228:
1224:
1218:
1202:
1198:
1192:
1177:. 19 May 2019
1176:
1172:
1166:
1151:. 22 May 2018
1150:
1144:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1120:The Economist
1117:
1111:
1096:. 7 July 2018
1095:
1091:
1085:
1070:
1066:
1060:
1044:
1040:
1034:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1000:
992:
988:
983:
978:
974:
970:
966:
959:
944:
940:
934:
919:
915:
908:
893:. 23 May 2018
892:
888:
882:
867:. 3 July 2018
866:
862:
856:
848:
844:
838:
830:
829:
824:
818:
803:
799:
793:
791:
775:
771:
765:
750:
746:
740:
732:
731:
726:
720:
712:
711:
706:
700:
692:
691:
686:
680:
665:
661:
655:
640:
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630:
614:
610:
604:
602:
586:
582:
576:
560:
556:
550:
548:
532:
528:
522:
507:. 27 May 2018
506:
502:
496:
481:
477:
471:
456:
452:
446:
442:
434:
432:
431:
421:
418:
414:
404:
402:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
372:
366:2023 outbreak
363:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
320:
316:
314:
310:
306:
303:
299:
292:2021 outbreak
289:
287:
280:2019 incident
277:
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269:
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259:
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193:
190:
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167:
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161:
157:
153:
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138:2018 outbreak
135:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
107:eastern state
98:
96:
92:
88:
84:
74:
72:Fatality rate
70:
66:
62:
59:
56:
52:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
3014:Uganda Ebola
2733:21st century
2715:Surat plague
2685:NYC smallpox
2654:20th century
2559:19th century
2487:18th century
2408:17th century
2374:(1545, 1576)
2353:16th century
2296:Roman Plague
2265:(165–180 AD)
2259:(429–426 BC)
2206:and notable
2165:
2109:. Retrieved
2104:
2095:
2086:
2077:
2067:18 September
2065:. Retrieved
2061:
2038:18 September
2036:. Retrieved
2031:
2021:
2011:13 September
2009:. Retrieved
2005:
1995:
1985:13 September
1983:. Retrieved
1978:
1956:13 September
1954:. Retrieved
1949:
1940:
1930:13 September
1928:. Retrieved
1923:
1914:
1904:13 September
1902:. Retrieved
1897:
1888:
1879:
1870:
1858:. Retrieved
1853:
1844:
1832:. Retrieved
1827:
1818:
1806:. Retrieved
1801:
1792:
1780:. Retrieved
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1766:
1754:. Retrieved
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1740:
1728:. Retrieved
1723:
1714:
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1697:
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1636:
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1611:
1599:. Retrieved
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1386:. Retrieved
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1361:. Retrieved
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1347:
1335:. Retrieved
1331:
1321:
1309:. Retrieved
1305:the original
1295:
1283:. Retrieved
1279:the original
1269:
1257:. Retrieved
1252:
1243:
1231:. Retrieved
1226:
1217:
1205:. Retrieved
1200:
1191:
1179:. Retrieved
1174:
1165:
1153:. Retrieved
1143:
1131:. Retrieved
1119:
1110:
1098:. Retrieved
1093:
1084:
1072:. Retrieved
1068:
1059:
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1042:
1033:
1021:. Retrieved
1009:
999:
972:
968:
958:
946:. Retrieved
942:
933:
921:. Retrieved
917:
907:
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890:
881:
869:. Retrieved
864:
855:
846:
837:
826:
817:
805:. Retrieved
801:
777:. Retrieved
773:
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748:
739:
728:
719:
708:
699:
688:
679:
667:. Retrieved
663:
654:
642:. Retrieved
638:
629:
617:. Retrieved
612:
590:17 September
588:. Retrieved
584:
575:
563:. Retrieved
558:
534:. Retrieved
530:
521:
509:. Retrieved
504:
495:
483:. Retrieved
479:
470:
458:. Retrieved
454:
445:
428:
427:
410:
380:Veena George
373:
369:
325:
295:
283:
270:
262:Robert Gallo
247:
229:Thamarassery
222:
215:
199:
191:
180:
168:
141:
104:
80:
75:89.4% (2018)
29:
3204:(2023–2024)
3198:(2022–2023)
3182:(2009–2010)
3170:(1977–1979)
3164:(1968–1970)
3158:(1961–1975)
3152:(1957–1958)
3146:(1919–1930)
3140:(1918–1920)
3138:Spanish flu
3134:(1899–1923)
3128:(1889–1890)
3126:Russian flu
3122:(1881–1896)
3116:(1863–1879)
3110:(1855–1860)
3104:(1852–1860)
3098:(1829–1851)
3092:(1816–1826)
3086:(1557–1559)
3016:(2022–2023)
3004:(2019–2020)
2998:(2019–2020)
2996:DRC measles
2950:(2018–2020)
2918:(2016–2022)
2906:(2015–2016)
2862:(2013–2016)
2856:(2013–2014)
2854:Chikungunya
2820:(2010–2019)
2814:(2009–2010)
2796:(2008–2017)
2790:(2008–2009)
2754:(2003–2005)
2742:(2002–2004)
2724:(1998–1999)
2705:(1972–1973)
2669:(1910–1911)
2663:(1900–1904)
2628:(1862–1863)
2598:(1847–1848)
2592:(1837–1838)
2574:(1813–1814)
2568:(1812–1819)
2538:(1793–1798)
2532:(1780–1782)
2520:(1770–1772)
2508:(1720–1722)
2502:(1710–1712)
2496:(1707–1708)
2472:(1675–1676)
2465:(1665–1666)
2447:(1647–1652)
2441:(1633–1644)
2429:(1629–1631)
2398:(1592–1593)
2392:(1592–1593)
2386:(1563–1564)
2380:(1557–1559)
2334:(1485–1551)
2328:(1346–1353)
2326:Black Death
2251: 1330
1860:5 September
1834:5 September
1808:5 September
1782:5 September
1756:5 September
1730:6 September
1704:6 September
1677:5 September
1651:5 September
1626:5 September
1601:5 September
1575:5 September
1549:5 September
1524:5 September
1498:5 September
1493:Mathrubhumi
1473:5 September
1468:India Today
1447:5 September
1421:5 September
1388:5 September
1363:5 September
1253:Mathrubhumi
943:Mathrubhumi
585:Mathrubhumi
236:Recognition
183:quarantined
111:West Bengal
83:Nipah virus
58:Nipah virus
3218:Categories
2948:Kivu Ebola
2703:London flu
1285:31 January
1233:18 October
1207:18 October
1181:18 October
1155:18 October
1133:18 October
774:OnManorama
639:OnManorama
619:17 October
437:References
384:Bangladesh
340:fruit bats
328:index case
313:quarantine
144:index case
127:Malappuram
119:fruit bats
91:fruit bats
3180:Swine flu
3150:Asian flu
3068:(541–767)
3037:Argentina
2322:(735–737)
2316:(664–689)
2310:(638–639)
2304:(627–628)
2292:(541–542)
2282:classical
2271:(250–266)
2204:epidemics
2200:Pandemics
2062:The Hindu
1880:The Hindu
1416:0971-751X
1408:The Hindu
1128:0013-0613
1018:0971-751X
1010:The Hindu
847:The Hindu
531:Frontline
460:17 August
413:Pandikkad
362:in Pune.
266:Baltimore
187:Australia
176:Mangalore
172:Karnataka
160:Kozhikode
123:Kozhikode
3186:COVID-19
3174:HIV/AIDS
2752:Bird flu
1979:BBC News
1646:NDTV.com
1383:NDTV.com
991:30364984
948:18 March
212:Response
148:Perambra
95:NIV Pune
2236:Ancient
2006:Reuters
1898:Reuters
1337:10 July
1100:10 July
1074:10 July
1049:10 July
1023:10 July
897:10 July
871:10 July
807:10 July
779:10 July
754:10 July
669:10 July
565:10 July
536:10 July
101:History
54:Disease
3080:(1510)
3058:Global
3039:(2024)
3022:(2023)
3010:(2020)
2992:(2019)
2986:(2019)
2980:(2019)
2974:(2019)
2968:(2019)
2962:(2019)
2956:(2018)
2944:(2018)
2938:(2018)
2931:(2018)
2924:(2017)
2912:(2016)
2900:(2015)
2894:(2015)
2888:(2014)
2882:(2014)
2876:(2014)
2869:(2014)
2850:(2013)
2844:(2013)
2838:(2012)
2832:(2012)
2826:(2011)
2808:(2009)
2802:(2009)
2784:(2007)
2778:(2006)
2772:(2006)
2766:(2006)
2760:(2005)
2748:(2003)
2717:(1994)
2711:(1974)
2699:(1972)
2693:(1963)
2687:(1947)
2681:(1937)
2675:(1924)
2646:(1894)
2640:(1871)
2634:(1870)
2622:(1856)
2616:(1854)
2610:(1853)
2604:(1853)
2596:Typhus
2586:(1829)
2580:(1813)
2551:Modern
2526:(1772)
2514:(1738)
2479:(1679)
2459:(1656)
2453:(1655)
2435:(1633)
2423:(1623)
2417:(1603)
2368:(1520)
2362:(1510)
2345:modern
2111:5 June
1854:News18
1414:
1311:6 June
1259:6 June
1126:
1016:
989:
923:28 May
644:4 June
511:28 May
485:28 May
348:plasma
344:RT-PCR
336:saliva
202:RT-PCR
115:Kerala
93:. The
87:Kerala
2343:Early
2298:(590)
2280:Post-
2228:Local
430:Virus
352:serum
286:Kochi
2904:Zika
2836:MERS
2740:SARS
2113:2019
2069:2024
2040:2024
2013:2023
1987:2023
1958:2023
1932:2023
1906:2023
1862:2021
1836:2021
1810:2021
1784:2021
1758:2021
1732:2021
1706:2021
1679:2021
1653:2021
1628:2021
1603:2021
1577:2021
1551:2021
1526:2021
1500:2021
1475:2021
1449:2021
1423:2021
1412:ISSN
1390:2021
1365:2021
1339:2018
1332:Mint
1313:2018
1287:2020
1261:2019
1235:2019
1209:2019
1183:2019
1157:2019
1135:2019
1124:ISSN
1102:2018
1076:2018
1051:2018
1025:2018
1014:ISSN
987:PMID
950:2019
925:2018
899:2018
873:2018
809:2018
781:2018
756:2018
710:NDTV
671:2018
646:2019
621:2019
592:2023
567:2018
538:2018
513:2018
487:2018
462:2020
392:Pune
354:and
326:The
260:and
206:Pune
125:and
64:Date
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