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rate of irregular votes led the CEPR to conclude that no statistics-based, non-arbitrary selection of a second-place candidate was possible. In a later August 2011 report, the CEPR further concluded that the data actually contradicted the OAS recommendation to overturn the initial vote counts and select
Martelly as the second-place candidate, and that this move was not in line with normal international election resolution processes, suggesting a bias on the part of the OAS.
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28:
92:
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There were calls for
Martelly to be included in the run-off; however, he has stated that he would not take part if Célestin is also a candidate in the run-off. A recount was announced on 10 December. However, both Manigat and Martelly then rejected the proposed recount, with only Célestin accepting
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less than two months before the election, which was blamed on the United
Nations by many Haitians. Independent research confirmed the origin of the cholera outbreak as being linked to UN Nepalese troops, and a 2011 UN Report admitted as much. The UN alleged that the outbreak was used for "political
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Despite the
Provisional Election Council sanctioning the election, protests continued the next day. Almost two-thirds of the candidates also called for the election to be annulled alleging fraud and many voters being refused ballots. Despite this, international election monitors declared the polls
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returned to Haiti on 16 January 2011 in what was seen as possibly more uncertainty. Corruption and theft charges were then filed against him. Jean-Bertrand
Aristide returned in March amidst concern for stability by both the runoff candidates. The rumour of his return led to several thousand of his
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concluded that 71.5% of the eligible
Haitian population did not vote during the first round of the election on November 28, 2010. Furthermore, from the remaining votes 8.1% were considered to be invalid, leaving only 20.1% of the votes being cast on one of the candidates in the election. The high
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On August 20, 2010, he was deemed ineligible to run for the presidency and his candidacy was rejected by Haiti's
Electoral Council. While he accepted the ruling, many supporters protested the decision. He asked his supporters to stay calm in the wake of the ruling. He also responded in saying he
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at the age of 9, said he is qualified to run for president and was in Haiti to initiate the legal process with lawyers and have his fingerprints taken by the judicial police to run for president. He did, however, declare that "There are a lot of rumors that I am running for president. I have not
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who, after a preliminary report, said that there many problems surrounding the election. Following further protests by several candidates, the UN called for calm and urged candidates to call on their supporters not to instigate trouble. It also said that a deteriorating security situation could
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The OAS report proposed that
Manigat and Martelly advance to the run-off, dropping Célestin from the second round. However, the Provisional Electoral Council rejected that suggestion on 19 January 2011. Additionally, some analyses showed that the OAS report was statistically flawed and made the
691:
Following a deal reached in late
December 2010 to look into the vote counting process and have re-polling in certain constituencies, the run-off was postponed until at least February 2011. Pierre-Louis Opont, the director general of the Provisional Electoral Council said: "It will be materially
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Some questioned whether Haiti was ready to hold an election following the earthquake that left more than a million people in makeshift camps and without IDs. There was also a fear that the election could throw the country into a political crisis due to a lack of transparency and voting fraud.
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Presidential elections were also held. A run-off was originally scheduled for 16 January as no candidate received 50% of the votes cast. However, it was postponed until 20 March 2011 as election officials said they could not hold the runoff while awaiting results from re-polling, with results
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The list of presidential candidates was to have become official on August 17 after the nine-member provisional electoral council was to announce the eligibility criteria. However, the election commission postponed its ruling until August 19 because of disagreement on the electoral law which
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President René Préval told the UN, "It is important that we take this difficult process to a conclusion, with rigour, equality, and transparency, essential conditions for consolidating our young democracy. I therefore call on all the national stakeholders and our overseas friends so we can
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declared that. If we decide to move forward, I am pretty sure that we have all our paperwork straight." He added that after discussions with his family he would "decide on what we're going to do because it is a big sacrifice." His aides said he would officially announce his candidacy on
85:
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in the United States before flying back to Haiti to enter the race. Some analysts predicted Jean's popularity with the youth of Haiti could help him "easily win the presidential election if his candidacy were approved." On 5 August, he officially registered as a candidate for
752:
On 17 February, Wyclef Jean announced his support for
Martelly in the second round of the presidential election. Wyclef Jean was also shot at and grazed by a bullet the day before the second round vote during campaigning for Martelly. He was wounded and taken to a hospital.
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would file an appeal and that " are trying to keep us out of the race." He argued that he could not comply with the law so strictly because President René Préval had appointed him as a roving ambassador in 2007 and he was allowed to travel and live outside the country.
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issued decrees ordering the country's nine-member provisional electoral council to organise the election. However he still did not address calls for the council itself to be replaced before a vote is held. Despite the constitutional legitimacy and impartiality of the
708:
Célestin was reportedly likely to drop out of the run-off by himself, however, as stated by a member of his party on 25 January 2011, partially as a result of international pressure. The official withdrawal statement came on 26 January 2011.
259:. Following the magnitude 7.0 earthquake, there were concerns of instability in the country, and the election came amid international pressure over instability in the country. This would be the third democratic election in Haitian history.
613:
On the day of the first round of voting, Martelly and Manigat, as well as most other candidates, denounced the results as invalid by noon, before voting had even concluded. A notable exception to this denunciation was Jude Celestin.
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328:, confirmed Jean would be the party's candidate for president. Jean spoke of his nomination as "a moment in time and in history. It's very emotional. The United States has Barack Obama and Haiti has Wyclef Jean." He told
294:) by fax, but at the last minute the CEP invented a new requirement, knowing FL would be unable to meet it: Aristide, still exiled in South Africa and denied entry to Haiti, would have to sign the list in person."
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impossible to hold the run-off on January 16. From the date of the publication of the final results of the first round, we will need at least one month to hold the run-off." He also said that a report by the
385:
had burned to the ground...I think he is a great musician and he really passionately cares about Haiti. I really hope he throws his support behind someone who is really competent and really eligible."
662:, as they had the largest contingent in MINUSTAH. Despite months of relative calm after the earthquake, this represented a "chorus of opposition to René Préval, Haiti's president, and to UN forces."
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353:, for the decision to run for president. Others criticised him for his lack of political experience and a vague platform he was to have run on. In the United States he was also criticised by
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demanding that without Aristide there should not be a second round election. The protest even reached as far as Miami, where approximately 60 protesters gathered in front of the offices of
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640:. It wanted a firm commitment to holding elections by the end of the year as domestic opposition grew to incumbent President René Préval's response to the earthquake.
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3372:"The OAS-CARICOM Joint Mission has taken note of the publication of the final results of the second round of the presidential and legislative elections in Haiti"
498:, Jean Hector Anacacis, Josette Bijou, Kesnel Dalmacy, Leon Jeune, Mario Eddy Rodriguez, Menelas Vilsaint, Olicier Pieriche, Rene Saint-Fort, Wilkens C. Gilles,
2166:
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494:, Duroseau Vilaire Cluny, Eric Charles, Francois Turnier, Garaudy Laguerre, Gary Guiteau, Genard Joseph, Gerard Blot, Guy Theodore, Jacques Philippe Eugene,
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Following demonstration and demands by the opposition to hold elections amid a parliamentary call that he can stay beyond his 7 February mandate, President
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stipulates that candidates must hold a Haitian passport and have five consecutive years of residence in Haiti, among other requirements. This was to affect
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426:, executive director of the government's road-building outfit, the National Center of Equipment, and member of President René Préval's Unity (Inite) party.
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who said "Technically, shouldn't be eligible because he hasn't been a resident of Haiti. And I think him not speaking French and not being fluent in
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The result for the first round presidential poll was announced on 3 February 2011, with the run-off set for 20 March between Manigat and Martelly.
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that he was running, despite Blitzer's questions about Jean's actual citizenship and passport facts. He also resigned from the chairmanship of
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737:, the second largest city in Haiti, where he and his followers danced and sang in the streets. Martelly even went as far as to campaign in
317:
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After a visit by then Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, Manigat and Martelly agreed to accept the results of the first round of voting.
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to delay former president Jean-Bertrand Aristide's attempt to return to Haiti, however, the request was rejected by Aristide himself.
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During voting for the second round some polling stations failed to open on time as they lacked the necessary equipment and documents.
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2015:
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would be a really major issue in trying to run a really complex government, like the government in Haiti. It would kind of be like
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Due to the elections and allegedly accepted instability, Haitian security services were given special training by foreign forces.
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reasons because of forthcoming elections," as the government in Haiti sent its own forces to "protect" the peacekeepers.
307:
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397:
There were supposed to have been 34 candidates in the preliminary race but a Haitian political website came up with 38.
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42:
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3145:"Aristide backers march amid talk of Haiti return – HAITIAN-TRUTH.ORG Proud to be Haiti's most informative NEWS site"
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Campaigning for the second round of the presidential election officially commenced on Thursday, 17 February. While
665:
Due to the cholera outbreak, there were fears that the election could be postponed. However, the head of MINUSTAH,
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presidential election was indefinitely postponed; although November 28 was then decided as the date to hold the
3168:
2766:
3262:
2347:
2145:
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669:, said that it should not be delayed as that could lead to a political vacuum with untold potential problems.
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Two issues for candidates to answer were considered rebuilding from the earthquake earlier in the year and an
4014:
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During the first round of voting, two people were killed in a firefight between rival parties' supporters in
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2255:
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reporters also said that there was "massive fraud". Port-au-Prince had four consecutive days of protests.
414:, a notaire and founder of Aimer Haiti which operated one of the few hospitals after the January 12 quake.
4153:
3586:
3371:
633:
515:
476:, an architect and ex-senator who served as prime minister under former President Jean-Bertrand Aristide.
470:, a compas musician and entertainer whose lyrics have poked fun at the concept of the Haitian presidency.
3395:
3238:
726:. Questions were then asked about the effect the former presidents could have on the political process.
3473:
2845:
764:
253:
2323:"Exclaim News: Arcade Fire's Win Butler Adds Opposition to Wyclef Jean's Haitian Presidential Plans"
1996:
912:
700:
recommendation to eliminate Célestin with no apparent justification. In a January 2011 report, the
417:
276:
3455:
742:
420:, a two-time former prime minister who was forced to resign in the aftermath of food riots in 2008.
2699:"The International Community Should pressure the Haitian Government For Prompt and Fair Elections"
1908:
1949:"Haitian ruling party's presidential candidate to quit electoral process - People's Daily Online"
3068:"Haitian ruling party's presidential candidate withdraws from elections - People's Daily Online"
733:
discussed her future plans for Haiti in a hotel with reporters, Martelly took to the streets of
4163:
4158:
3438:
3029:
3017:
291:
2905:
3456:
The Organization of American States in Haiti: Election Monitoring or Political Intervention?
2552:
637:
491:
482:, a US-educated urban planner, former minister, and government liaison to the United Nations.
370:
241:
3030:
The Organization of American States in Haiti: Election Monitoring or Political Intervention?
2500:"Haiti - Elections : Who is Wilson Jeudy ? - HaitiLibre.com : Haiti news 7/7"
1864:
1721:
956:
712:
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and a completion of review for the results that had been challenged would be needed first.
2973:
2887:
2869:
2023:
1977:
448:, development agent, civil engineer and evangelist who came in 3rd place in 2006 election.
8:
2930:
2567:"Haiti - Elections : Who is Leslie Voltaire? - HaitiLibre.com : Haiti news 7/7"
2548:
2229:
1883:
1878:
valid and said the results should not be invalidated. This opinion was not shared by the
934:
401:
3305:"President Jean Bertrand Aristide rejects U.S. request to "postpone his return"in Haiti"
3119:
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2197:
892:
411:
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256:
249:
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it. Manigat and Martelly also criticised the lack of clear procedures or a timetable.
3067:
2991:
2674:
2625:
2475:
1956:
2626:"Woman candidate leads presidential election polls in Haiti - People's Daily Online"
2393:"Haïti Elections 2010 :: Toutes les infos sur les élections haïtiennes de 2010"
2119:
818:
730:
722:
618:
457:
229:
173:
109:
3165:"Aristide supporters protest outside The Miami Herald - Radio Television Caraibes"
844:
423:
404:, a businessman in the apparel industry. Charles Henri Baker is running under the
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467:
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2468:"Wyclef Jean's disqualification signals Haiti diaspora not welcome in politics"
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499:
451:
287:
192:
121:
2092:"At least 20 candidates file to run in Haiti's presidential elections - Haiti"
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explained: "The final FL list of candidates was endorsed by the party leader (
4147:
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2479:
549:
487:
378:
283:
3445:
442:, mayor of Delmas who organized a sister-city relationship with North Miami.
338:
2992:"Haiti's electoral body rejects OAS recount result - People's Daily Online"
1536:
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473:
436:
Lavarice Gaudin, an Aristide ally and Miami activist and radio commentator.
333:
209:
on 28 November 2010, having originally been scheduled for 28 February. Ten
3094:
2701:. Institute for Justice and Democracy in Haiti. 2010-06-30. Archived from
654:'s mandate amid fears of instability. This was greeted with protesters in
495:
429:
Eddy Delaleu, president, founder, and chief executive officer of the NGO
382:
358:
346:
303:
272:
2590:
https://gadebate.un.org/Portals/1/statements/634209430444531250HT_fr.pdf
746:
461:
362:
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carrying banners reading "Down with the occupation," and burning the
354:
2675:"Pop singer leads Haiti's presidential race - People's Daily Online"
1888:
651:
2446:
2702:
1646:
454:, former ambassador to the United States and Wyclef Jean's uncle.
636:
had also pressured Haiti to hold elections as stipulated in its
84:
2418:"Factbox: Celestin technocrat protege of outgoing Haiti leader"
350:
267:
The deadline to file candidacy for the elections was August 7.
177:
3446:
The Entire Debate Between Martelly And Manigat - Live In Video
2016:"INTERVIEW-Haitian president says Feb. 28 elections postponed"
3498:
3287:"Haiti: U.S. Asks South Africa to Delay Aristide's Departure"
1777:
1316:
849:
738:
676:
245:
206:
3433:
2746:"CBC News - Montreal - Canada presses for Haitian elections"
1928:"Haiti Election, Set for Sunday, Marred by ID Card Problems"
961:
Christian Citizens' Alliance for the Reconstruction of Haiti
91:
3120:"Haiti ex-leader Jean-Bertrand Aristide back after exile"
2870:"Haiti ruling party HQ set alight by election protesters"
522:
The election was termed in the media as a "seismic" one.
329:
312:
2888:"Haiti orders recount of disputed presidential election"
511:
successfully cross this electoral crossroads together."
2230:"Wyclef Jean files papers to stand for Haiti president"
1978:"Michel Martelly officially declared Haitian president"
1943:
1941:
679:, with several injured in violence across the country.
377:
and being elected president of the United States after
286:(FL) party was notable because of its popular support.
2524:"Haiti election: Celestin and Manigat set for run-off"
460:, a longtime opposition leader, professor, and former
3330:"Government-Backed Candidate Out of Haiti's Election"
224:
Official results, announced on 21 April 2011, showed
2950:"Haiti second round vote impossible before February"
2906:"Candidates reject recount in sloppy Haiti election"
2198:"Wyclef Jean steps toward Haitian presidential race"
1938:
1909:"Aristide party barred from Haiti's February ballot"
16:
General elections held in Haiti on 28 November 2010
3214:"Haitian candidate 'Sweet Micky' campaigns in Fla"
2743:
1997:"Singer Michel Martelly Elected Haiti's President"
232:in the second round of the presidential election.
3095:"'Baby Doc' Duvalier returns to Haiti from exile"
2974:"OAS to give Haiti presidential election verdict"
1738:
1277:
787:
4145:
3190:"Campaign opens for Haiti's presidential runoff"
2348:"Haitians rally for Jean's candidacy - Americas"
2256:"Hip-hop star vies for Haiti top job - Americas"
164:
2302:"Ex-bandmate criticises Wyclef Jean - Americas"
1887:undermine containment of the cholera epidemic.
3239:"Wyclef Jean backs musician in Haiti election"
3194:Campaign opens for Haiti’s presidential runoff
2167:"Haiti 2010: Exploiting Disaster 2010 - Haiti"
3481:
3442:by Jake Johnston and Mark Weisbrot. pdf file.
2724:"Haiti presidential poll concerns - Americas"
745:, which is home to a large number of Haitian
3340:
2216:"Wyclef Jean to Run for President of Haiti?"
2146:"Haiti presidential list delayed - Americas"
2118:. Belpolitik.com. 2006-12-15. Archived from
3043:"Célestin to withdraw from Haiti elections"
2443:"Dr. Eddy Delaleu President for Haiti 2011"
1133:National Rally for the Development of Haiti
392:
324:." ("Face to Face") The head of the party,
3488:
3474:
3434:Haiti's 2010 Presidential Election Results
262:
2140:
2138:
2136:
2116:"2010 Haiti Presidential Candidates List"
1994:
1925:
486:Other candidates included Axan Abellard,
2325:. Exclaim.ca. 2004-03-03. Archived from
2110:
2108:
2013:
1097:Democratic Movement of the Haitian Youth
320:("Live Together") party with the motto "
3460:Center for Economic and Policy Research
3389:
3013:
3011:
2791:"Shots fired into air at Haiti protest"
2556:. Dec 16, 2010. Retrieved Jan 24, 2011.
2035:
2033:
824:Rally of Progressive National Democrats
702:Center for Economic and Policy Research
602:Rally of Progressive National Democrats
569:Rally of Progressive National Democrats
536:Rally of Progressive National Democrats
4146:
2716:
2549:"Michel Martelly, Stealth Duvalierist"
2294:
2133:
2089:
1901:
1800:Alternative for Progress and Democracy
1383:Alternative for Progress and Democracy
1268:
3469:
3420:(TRNN), December 3, 2010 (video 2:28)
3408:Protests over Haiti poll turn violent
3376:OAS - Organization of American States
3348:"Election Monitors OK Haiti Election"
3089:
3087:
2947:
2840:
2838:
2836:
2834:
2105:
2041:"November polls for Haiti - Americas"
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349:, one of his former bandmates in the
20:2010–11 Haitian presidential election
3401:
3008:
2815:"Unrest 'must not stop Haiti polls'"
2691:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2030:
1872:
1187:Party for Haitian National Evolution
431:Operation Hope for Children of Haiti
3263:"Voting opens in cholera-hit Haiti"
2948:Delva, Joseph Guyler (2011-01-04).
1995:Archibold, Randal C. (2011-04-04).
1926:Archibold, Randal C. (2010-11-27).
13:
3504:Elections and referendums in Haiti
3084:
3035:
2831:
1515:Christian Movement for a New Haiti
14:
4195:
3427:
3398:CBC World News, November 28, 2010
2744:The Canadian Press (2010-05-21).
2369:"Hip-hop star to appeal poll bid"
2054:
2014:Zengerle, Patricia (2010-01-27).
918:Mobilization for Haitian Progress
682:
3497:
2726:. Al Jazeera English. 2010-08-08
2304:. Al Jazeera English. 2010-08-08
2258:. Al Jazeera English. 2010-08-06
2043:. Al Jazeera English. 2010-06-28
525:
90:
83:
26:
4179:Presidential elections in Haiti
4174:2011 elections in the Caribbean
4169:2010 elections in the Caribbean
3439:Haiti's Fatally Flawed Election
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3018:Haiti's Fatally Flawed Election
2984:
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2931:"Haiti's Presidential Election"
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2190:
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694:Organisation of American States
205:General elections were held in
4184:Foreign electoral intervention
2090:Daniel, Trenton (2010-01-24).
2083:
2007:
1988:
1970:
1919:
297:
49:10 November 2010 (first round)
1:
1894:
1115:Rally for Economic Liberation
589:6–10 February 2011 (runoff):
576:Rally for Economic Liberation
502:, and Paul Arthur Fleurival.
235:
3396:Haiti Election Massive Fraud
3307:. 2011-03-15. Archived from
2846:"Haiti vote chaos continues"
1559:Platform of Haitian Patriots
775:
433:since its inception in 1994.
52:20 March 2011 (second round)
7:
2650:"Noticias de Prensa Latina"
2602:"Haiti protests against UN"
505:
10:
4200:
770:
765:government of South Africa
608:
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4025:
3890:
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3510:
3218:www.realclearpolitics.com
2767:"Haiti election security"
2472:Christian Science Monitor
2067:"Haiti: Seismic Election"
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1603:Socialist Action Movement
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1238:Registered voters/turnout
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1177:
1159:
1141:
1123:
1105:
1087:
1067:
1049:
1029:
1011:
991:
969:
949:
927:
905:
859:
306:, who left Haiti for the
169:President before election
162:
75:
67:
36:
24:
1166:Gérard Marie Necker Blot
1018:Anne Marie Josette Bijou
743:United States of America
626:having been challenged.
393:Final list of candidates
3587:Parliamentary elections
2547:Wadner, Pierre (2010).
490:, Claire Lydie Parent,
279:, and Leslie Voltaire.
263:Presidential candidates
242:January 2010 earthquake
3512:Presidential elections
913:Jacques-Édouard Alexis
418:Jacques-Édouard Alexis
292:Jean Bertrand Aristide
277:Jacques Edouard Alexis
221:expected on 31 March.
3020:CEPR, January 1, 2011
1427:Konbit Pou refè Ayiti
560:Charles-Henri Baker (
541:Charles-Henri Baker (
371:Arnold Schwarzenegger
345:He was criticised by
2350:. Al Jazeera English
2148:. Al Jazeera English
1130:Axan Delson Abellard
1094:Jean Hector Anacacis
957:Jean Chavannes Jeune
763:of the US asked the
217:were to be elected.
2277:"Exclaim! Magazine"
1735:
1449:Liberation Platform
1274:
1269:Chamber of Deputies
1184:Eric Smarki Charles
935:Charles Henri Baker
784:
516:outbreak of cholera
402:Charles Henri Baker
326:Daniel Jean Jacques
282:The absence of the
21:
4154:Elections in Haiti
3413:2017-07-03 at the
3291:The New York Times
2935:The New York Times
2912:. 11 December 2010
2571:www.haitilibre.com
2504:www.haitilibre.com
2001:The New York Times
1932:The New York Times
1822:Lavni Organisation
1734:
1361:Lavni Organisation
1273:
982:Lavni Organisation
783:
600:Mirlande Manigat (
567:Mirlande Manigat (
556:14 November 2010:
534:Mirlande Manigat (
133:Popular vote
19:
4141:
4140:
3267:www.aljazeera.com
3032:CEPR, August 2011
2850:www.aljazeera.com
2819:www.aljazeera.com
2795:www.aljazeera.com
2771:www.aljazeera.com
2606:www.aljazeera.com
2373:www.aljazeera.com
2218:. UsMagazine.com.
2094:. MiamiHerald.com
2071:www.aljazeera.com
1873:Fraud allegations
1870:
1869:
1727:
1726:
1266:
1265:
1169:Platfom 16 Desanm
1079:Ayisyen Pou Ayiti
593:Michel Martelly (
581:Michel Martelly (
203:
202:
199:
198:
184:Elected President
158:
157:
63:
62:
4191:
3892:Senate elections
3502:
3501:
3490:
3483:
3476:
3467:
3466:
3452:, March 10, 2011
3421:
3405:
3399:
3393:
3387:
3386:
3384:
3383:
3368:
3362:
3361:
3359:
3358:
3344:
3338:
3337:
3326:
3320:
3319:
3317:
3316:
3301:
3295:
3294:
3283:
3277:
3276:
3274:
3273:
3259:
3253:
3252:
3250:
3249:
3235:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3210:
3204:
3203:
3201:
3200:
3186:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3176:
3167:. Archived from
3161:
3155:
3154:
3152:
3151:
3141:
3135:
3134:
3132:
3131:
3116:
3110:
3109:
3107:
3106:
3091:
3082:
3081:
3079:
3078:
3064:
3058:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3039:
3033:
3027:
3021:
3015:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3002:
2988:
2982:
2981:
2970:
2964:
2963:
2961:
2960:
2945:
2939:
2938:
2927:
2921:
2920:
2918:
2917:
2902:
2896:
2895:
2884:
2878:
2877:
2866:
2860:
2859:
2857:
2856:
2842:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2825:
2811:
2805:
2804:
2802:
2801:
2787:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2777:
2763:
2757:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2741:
2735:
2734:
2732:
2731:
2720:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2710:
2695:
2689:
2688:
2686:
2685:
2671:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2661:
2652:. Archived from
2646:
2640:
2639:
2637:
2636:
2622:
2616:
2615:
2613:
2612:
2598:
2592:
2587:
2581:
2580:
2578:
2577:
2563:
2557:
2545:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2535:
2520:
2514:
2513:
2511:
2510:
2496:
2490:
2489:
2487:
2486:
2464:
2458:
2457:
2455:
2454:
2445:. Archived from
2439:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2429:
2414:
2408:
2407:
2405:
2404:
2395:. Archived from
2389:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2379:
2365:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2344:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2334:
2319:
2313:
2312:
2310:
2309:
2298:
2292:
2291:
2289:
2288:
2279:. Archived from
2273:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2263:
2252:
2246:
2245:
2243:
2241:
2226:
2220:
2219:
2212:
2206:
2205:
2194:
2188:
2187:
2185:
2184:
2178:
2172:. Archived from
2171:
2163:
2157:
2156:
2154:
2153:
2142:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2127:
2112:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2099:
2087:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2077:
2063:
2052:
2051:
2049:
2048:
2037:
2028:
2027:
2022:. Archived from
2011:
2005:
2004:
1992:
1986:
1985:
1974:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1964:
1955:. Archived from
1945:
1936:
1935:
1923:
1917:
1916:
1905:
1736:
1733:
1625:Solidarity
1275:
1272:
1148:Garaudy Laguerre
893:Jean-Henry Céant
819:Mirlande Manigat
785:
782:
731:Mirlande Manigat
723:The Miami Herald
650:voted to extend
595:Peasant Response
583:Peasant Response
530:2 October 2010:
492:Déjean Bélizaire
458:Mirlande Manigat
412:Jean Henry Ceant
230:Mirlande Manigat
165:
110:Mirlande Manigat
94:
87:
77:
76:
50:
38:
37:
31:
30:
29:
22:
18:
4199:
4198:
4194:
4193:
4192:
4190:
4189:
4188:
4144:
4143:
4142:
4137:
4069:
4026:Local elections
4021:
3886:
3581:
3506:
3496:
3494:
3430:
3425:
3424:
3415:Wayback Machine
3406:
3402:
3394:
3390:
3381:
3379:
3370:
3369:
3365:
3356:
3354:
3346:
3345:
3341:
3328:
3327:
3323:
3314:
3312:
3303:
3302:
3298:
3285:
3284:
3280:
3271:
3269:
3261:
3260:
3256:
3247:
3245:
3237:
3236:
3232:
3223:
3221:
3212:
3211:
3207:
3198:
3196:
3188:
3187:
3183:
3174:
3172:
3163:
3162:
3158:
3149:
3147:
3143:
3142:
3138:
3129:
3127:
3118:
3117:
3113:
3104:
3102:
3093:
3092:
3085:
3076:
3074:
3066:
3065:
3061:
3052:
3050:
3041:
3040:
3036:
3028:
3024:
3016:
3009:
3000:
2998:
2990:
2989:
2985:
2972:
2971:
2967:
2958:
2956:
2946:
2942:
2929:
2928:
2924:
2915:
2913:
2904:
2903:
2899:
2886:
2885:
2881:
2868:
2867:
2863:
2854:
2852:
2844:
2843:
2832:
2823:
2821:
2813:
2812:
2808:
2799:
2797:
2789:
2788:
2784:
2775:
2773:
2765:
2764:
2760:
2751:
2749:
2742:
2738:
2729:
2727:
2722:
2721:
2717:
2708:
2706:
2697:
2696:
2692:
2683:
2681:
2673:
2672:
2668:
2659:
2657:
2648:
2647:
2643:
2634:
2632:
2624:
2623:
2619:
2610:
2608:
2600:
2599:
2595:
2588:
2584:
2575:
2573:
2565:
2564:
2560:
2546:
2542:
2533:
2531:
2522:
2521:
2517:
2508:
2506:
2498:
2497:
2493:
2484:
2482:
2466:
2465:
2461:
2452:
2450:
2441:
2440:
2436:
2427:
2425:
2416:
2415:
2411:
2402:
2400:
2391:
2390:
2386:
2377:
2375:
2367:
2366:
2362:
2353:
2351:
2346:
2345:
2341:
2332:
2330:
2321:
2320:
2316:
2307:
2305:
2300:
2299:
2295:
2286:
2284:
2275:
2274:
2270:
2261:
2259:
2254:
2253:
2249:
2239:
2237:
2228:
2227:
2223:
2214:
2213:
2209:
2196:
2195:
2191:
2182:
2180:
2176:
2169:
2165:
2164:
2160:
2151:
2149:
2144:
2143:
2134:
2125:
2123:
2114:
2113:
2106:
2097:
2095:
2088:
2084:
2075:
2073:
2065:
2064:
2055:
2046:
2044:
2039:
2038:
2031:
2012:
2008:
1993:
1989:
1976:
1975:
1971:
1962:
1960:
1947:
1946:
1939:
1924:
1920:
1907:
1906:
1902:
1897:
1875:
1749:
1732:
1339:Haiti in Action
1288:
1271:
998:Leslie Voltaire
867:Michel Martelly
778:
773:
685:
611:
548:Jude Célestin (
528:
508:
480:Leslie Voltaire
468:Michel Martelly
446:Chavannes Jeune
395:
300:
265:
238:
226:Michel Martelly
191:
189:Michel Martelly
186:
176:
171:
163:
104:Michel Martelly
51:
48:
32:
27:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4197:
4187:
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4139:
4138:
4136:
4135:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4070:
4068:
4067:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4029:
4027:
4023:
4022:
4020:
4019:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3896:
3894:
3888:
3887:
3885:
3884:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3591:
3589:
3583:
3582:
3580:
3579:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3516:
3514:
3508:
3507:
3493:
3492:
3485:
3478:
3470:
3464:
3463:
3462:, October 2011
3453:
3450:Haiti Observer
3443:
3429:
3428:External links
3426:
3423:
3422:
3400:
3388:
3363:
3352:Democracy Now!
3339:
3321:
3296:
3278:
3254:
3230:
3205:
3181:
3156:
3136:
3111:
3083:
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3007:
2983:
2965:
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2922:
2897:
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2806:
2782:
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2736:
2715:
2690:
2666:
2641:
2617:
2593:
2582:
2558:
2540:
2515:
2491:
2474:. 2010-08-25.
2459:
2434:
2409:
2384:
2360:
2339:
2314:
2293:
2268:
2247:
2221:
2207:
2189:
2158:
2132:
2104:
2082:
2053:
2029:
2026:on 2010-12-02.
2006:
1987:
1969:
1937:
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1544:
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1534:
1531:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1493:Repons Peyizan
1490:
1487:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1461:
1458:
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1407:
1402:
1399:
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1395:
1392:
1390:
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1373:
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1365:
1363:
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1341:
1336:
1333:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1291:
1290:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1263:
1252:
1251:
1248:
1245:
1242:
1239:
1235:
1234:
1231:
1230:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1218:
1214:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1170:
1167:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1116:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1004:
999:
996:
993:
992:
990:
987:
984:
979:
977:Yves Cristalin
974:
971:
970:
968:
965:
962:
959:
954:
951:
950:
948:
945:
942:
937:
932:
929:
928:
926:
923:
920:
915:
910:
907:
906:
904:
901:
898:
895:
890:
887:
886:
883:
880:
877:
874:
872:Repons Peyizan
869:
864:
861:
860:
858:
855:
852:
847:
842:
839:
838:
835:
832:
829:
826:
821:
816:
813:
812:
809:
806:
803:
799:
798:
795:
792:
789:
777:
774:
772:
769:
718:Port-au-Prince
716:supporters in
684:
683:Post-1st round
681:
660:flag of Brazil
656:Port-au-Prince
648:United Nations
610:
607:
606:
605:
598:
587:
586:
579:
572:
565:
554:
553:
546:
539:
527:
524:
507:
504:
500:Yves Cristalin
484:
483:
477:
471:
465:
455:
452:Raymond Joseph
449:
443:
437:
434:
427:
421:
415:
409:
394:
391:
373:only speaking
299:
296:
288:Peter Hallward
264:
261:
237:
234:
201:
200:
197:
196:
193:Repons Peyizan
181:
160:
159:
156:
155:
152:
147:
143:
142:
139:
134:
130:
129:
124:
122:Repons Peyizan
119:
115:
114:
112:
107:
100:
96:
95:
88:
81:
73:
72:
69:
65:
64:
61:
60:
54:
45:
34:
33:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4196:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4164:2011 in Haiti
4162:
4160:
4159:2010 in Haiti
4157:
4155:
4152:
4151:
4149:
4134:
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3436:Graphic from
3435:
3432:
3431:
3419:
3418:The Real News
3416:
3412:
3409:
3404:
3397:
3392:
3377:
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3353:
3349:
3343:
3336:. 2011-02-03.
3335:
3331:
3325:
3311:on 2011-03-20
3310:
3306:
3300:
3293:. 2011-03-14.
3292:
3288:
3282:
3268:
3264:
3258:
3244:
3240:
3234:
3219:
3215:
3209:
3195:
3191:
3185:
3171:on 2011-03-21
3170:
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3125:
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3096:
3090:
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3019:
3014:
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2997:
2993:
2987:
2980:. 2011-01-11.
2979:
2975:
2969:
2955:
2951:
2944:
2937:. 2010-12-30.
2936:
2932:
2926:
2911:
2907:
2901:
2894:. 2010-12-10.
2893:
2889:
2883:
2876:. 2010-12-08.
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2839:
2837:
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2820:
2816:
2810:
2796:
2792:
2786:
2772:
2768:
2762:
2747:
2740:
2725:
2719:
2705:on 2010-11-20
2704:
2700:
2694:
2680:
2676:
2670:
2656:on 2011-09-30
2655:
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2501:
2495:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2463:
2449:on 2010-02-14
2448:
2444:
2438:
2423:
2419:
2413:
2399:on 2010-09-20
2398:
2394:
2388:
2374:
2370:
2364:
2349:
2343:
2329:on 2012-07-08
2328:
2324:
2318:
2303:
2297:
2283:on 2012-08-01
2282:
2278:
2272:
2257:
2251:
2235:
2231:
2225:
2217:
2211:
2204:. 2010-07-30.
2203:
2199:
2193:
2179:on 2020-07-22
2175:
2168:
2162:
2147:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2122:on 2010-08-18
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2093:
2086:
2072:
2068:
2062:
2060:
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2042:
2036:
2034:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2010:
2002:
1998:
1991:
1984:. 2011-04-21.
1983:
1979:
1973:
1959:on 2016-03-11
1958:
1954:
1950:
1944:
1942:
1933:
1929:
1922:
1915:. 2009-11-26.
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1581:Respect
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1405:Ansanm Nou Fò
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1165:
1163:
1162:
1156:
1153:
1151:Wozo Movement
1150:
1147:
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1138:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1127:
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1120:
1117:
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1070:
1064:
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1041:
1038:
1036:Génard Joseph
1035:
1033:
1032:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1015:
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1008:
1005:
1003:
1002:Ansanm Nou Fò
1000:
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983:
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975:
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848:
846:
845:Jude Célestin
843:
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827:
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537:
533:
532:
531:
526:Opinion polls
523:
520:
517:
512:
503:
501:
497:
493:
489:
488:Charles Voigt
481:
478:
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472:
469:
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424:Jude Célestin
422:
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407:
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379:New York City
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308:United States
305:
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284:Fanmi Lavalas
280:
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59: →
58:
55:
53:
46:
44:
41:←
40:
39:
35:
23:
4131:
4063:
4015:
3999:
3880:
3869:
3575:
3559:
3449:
3437:
3403:
3391:
3380:. Retrieved
3378:. 2011-04-21
3375:
3366:
3355:. Retrieved
3351:
3342:
3333:
3324:
3313:. Retrieved
3309:the original
3299:
3290:
3281:
3270:. Retrieved
3266:
3257:
3246:. Retrieved
3242:
3233:
3222:. Retrieved
3220:. 2011-02-24
3217:
3208:
3197:. Retrieved
3193:
3184:
3173:. Retrieved
3169:the original
3159:
3148:. Retrieved
3139:
3128:. Retrieved
3126:. 2011-03-18
3123:
3114:
3103:. Retrieved
3101:. 2011-01-17
3098:
3075:. Retrieved
3072:en.people.cn
3071:
3062:
3051:. Retrieved
3049:. 2011-01-25
3046:
3037:
3025:
2999:. Retrieved
2996:en.people.cn
2995:
2986:
2977:
2968:
2957:. Retrieved
2953:
2943:
2934:
2925:
2914:. Retrieved
2909:
2900:
2891:
2882:
2873:
2864:
2853:. Retrieved
2849:
2822:. Retrieved
2818:
2809:
2798:. Retrieved
2794:
2785:
2774:. Retrieved
2770:
2761:
2750:. Retrieved
2739:
2728:. Retrieved
2718:
2707:. Retrieved
2703:the original
2693:
2682:. Retrieved
2679:en.people.cn
2678:
2669:
2658:. Retrieved
2654:the original
2644:
2633:. Retrieved
2630:en.people.cn
2629:
2620:
2609:. Retrieved
2605:
2596:
2585:
2574:. Retrieved
2570:
2561:
2553:The Dominion
2551:
2543:
2532:. Retrieved
2530:. 2010-12-08
2527:
2518:
2507:. Retrieved
2503:
2494:
2483:. Retrieved
2471:
2462:
2451:. Retrieved
2447:the original
2437:
2426:. Retrieved
2424:. 2010-12-08
2421:
2412:
2401:. Retrieved
2397:the original
2387:
2376:. Retrieved
2372:
2363:
2352:. Retrieved
2342:
2331:. Retrieved
2327:the original
2317:
2306:. Retrieved
2296:
2285:. Retrieved
2281:the original
2271:
2260:. Retrieved
2250:
2238:. Retrieved
2236:. 2010-08-06
2233:
2224:
2210:
2201:
2192:
2181:. Retrieved
2174:the original
2161:
2150:. Retrieved
2124:. Retrieved
2120:the original
2096:. Retrieved
2085:
2074:. Retrieved
2070:
2045:. Retrieved
2024:the original
2019:
2009:
2000:
1990:
1981:
1972:
1961:. Retrieved
1957:the original
1953:en.people.cn
1952:
1931:
1921:
1912:
1903:
1876:
1745:Second round
1668:Independents
1284:Second round
1075:Yvon Neptune
1056:Wilson Jeudy
897:Renmen Ayiti
797:Second round
779:
761:Barack Obama
758:
755:
751:
728:
721:
711:
707:
698:
690:
686:
674:
671:
667:Edmond Mulet
664:
645:
642:
638:constitution
632:
628:
616:
612:
588:
574:Jeune Léon (
555:
529:
521:
513:
509:
485:
474:Yvon Neptune
440:Wilson Jeudi
430:
396:
387:
344:
337:
334:Wolf Blitzer
321:
301:
281:
269:
266:
250:presidential
239:
223:
219:
204:
187:
183:
172:
168:
149:
136:
102:
47:
4074:Referendums
3458:, from the
1742:First round
1281:First round
1261:Haiti Libre
1257:Haiti Libre
1200:Against all
1021:Independent
794:First round
747:expatriates
735:Cap-Haïtien
619:René Préval
496:Jean Bertin
406:Respè Party
359:Arcade Fire
347:Pras Michel
304:Wyclef Jean
298:Wyclef Jean
273:Wyclef Jean
254:legislative
240:Due to the
213:and all 99
174:René Préval
146:Percentage
4148:Categories
4096:1935 (Jun)
4091:1935 (Feb)
3382:2021-02-09
3357:2021-02-09
3315:2011-03-30
3272:2021-02-09
3248:2021-02-09
3224:2021-02-09
3199:2021-02-09
3175:2011-03-30
3150:2021-02-09
3130:2021-02-09
3105:2021-02-09
3077:2021-02-09
3053:2021-02-09
3001:2021-02-09
2959:2021-02-09
2916:2021-02-09
2855:2021-02-09
2824:2021-02-09
2800:2021-02-09
2776:2021-02-09
2752:2010-08-21
2730:2010-08-21
2709:2011-01-08
2684:2021-02-09
2660:2010-11-15
2635:2021-02-09
2611:2021-02-09
2576:2021-02-09
2534:2021-02-09
2509:2021-02-09
2485:2021-02-09
2453:2010-08-21
2428:2021-02-09
2403:2010-08-23
2378:2021-02-09
2354:2010-08-21
2333:2010-08-21
2308:2010-08-21
2287:2010-08-21
2262:2010-08-21
2183:2010-12-02
2152:2010-08-21
2126:2010-08-21
2098:2010-08-21
2076:2021-02-09
2047:2010-08-21
1963:2021-02-09
1895:References
1112:Léon Jeune
1059:Force 2010
1040:Solidarity
759:President
462:first lady
363:Win Butler
339:Yéle Haiti
318:Viv Ansanm
236:Background
228:defeating
68:Registered
2480:0882-7729
1247:4,694,961
1241:4,694,961
1226:1,061,089
1220:1,074,056
788:Candidate
776:President
585:): 14.10%
578:): 14.51%
571:): 17.58%
564:): 24.38%
538:): 23.0%
355:Sean Penn
322:Fas a Fas
302:Musician
257:elections
71:4,694,961
3411:Archived
3334:Fox News
3124:BBC News
3099:BBC News
2978:BBC News
2892:BBC News
2874:BBC News
2748:. Cbc.ca
2528:BBC News
2240:6 August
2234:BBC News
1982:BBC News
1889:CBC News
1882:and the
1863:Source:
1720:Source:
1255:Source:
713:Baby Doc
652:MINUSTAH
604:): 38.9%
597:): 60.3%
545:): 17.3%
506:Campaign
375:Austrian
215:deputies
211:senators
141:336,747
99:Nominee
4010:2016–17
4005:2015–16
4000:2010–11
3965:1990–91
3875:2015–16
3870:2010–11
3845:1990–91
3560:2010–11
3243:Reuters
2954:Reuters
2910:AP NEWS
2422:Reuters
2202:Reuters
2020:Reuters
1913:Reuters
1884:CARICOM
1647:Veye Yo
940:Respect
882:716,986
876:234,617
854:241,462
834:336,747
828:336,878
771:Results
741:in the
609:Conduct
562:Respect
552:): 7.8%
543:Respect
246:Haitian
154:32.43%
137:716,986
80:
2478:
1730:Senate
1686:Vacant
1229:100.00
1223:100.00
1203:12,869
1024:10,782
1006:16,199
986:17,133
964:19,348
944:25,512
922:32,932
900:87,834
634:Canada
367:Creole
351:Fugees
178:Lespwa
150:67.57%
118:Party
2177:(PDF)
2170:(PDF)
1841:Total
1778:Inite
1770:Seats
1764:Votes
1761:Seats
1755:Votes
1750:seats
1748:Total
1739:Party
1698:Total
1471:Rally
1317:Inite
1309:Seats
1303:Votes
1300:Seats
1294:Votes
1289:seats
1287:Total
1278:Party
1217:Total
1209:7,356
1190:2,597
1172:2,621
1154:2,802
1136:3,110
1118:3,738
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