987:
on how to handle involvement. On many occasions he expressed that he strongly believed that
Allende was a major threat to the United States. He believed that an anti-Allende campaign was necessary to prevent the formation of a Leninist state in Chile, and even advocated the further expansion of it throughout the election. A major basis for expanding it was the trends that were occurring in the election, namely the rapid decline of Alessandri's campaign, the continued stagnation of Tomic's, and the growing support of Allende, much of which came from voters moving away from Alessandri and Tomic. He did not believe that the people of Chile or US private business would be able to do enough to stop Allende's election.
841:
for a coalition between
Christian Democrats and Leftists, despite most of both groups consistently not supporting his idea. He was known for being an egotistical, but nonetheless very charismatic speaker. His campaign benefited from the prestige of being ambassador to Washington, as well as his friendship with President Frei. However, it was hurt by his continued insistence on forming a coalition, as well as directly criticizing and attacking the Christian Democratic Party's own bills and the Frei administration's reforms. Voters often turned away from him due to his confusing campaign platform coming off as a more convoluted way of implementing socialism compared to instead electing Marxist Allende.
79:
220:
210:
72:
731:
288:
976:
86:
1886:
680:
27:
991:
running for, as well as with his increasingly leftist views. One major point of involvement was attempting to stop Tomic from continuing to advocate for an alliance with the Soviet Union. Over time, Korry would become frustrated with Tomic as well, a bad sign for US relations if Tomic had become president.
1031:
However, in this case, there was an active campaign against
Allende's confirmation by Congress, including an intensified propaganda effort by the CIA to raise concerns about Chile's future. During this period, the CIA produced over 726 articles, broadcasts, and similar items. The CIA also encouraged
994:
Korry was later accused of involvement in the 1973 coup due to his vocal criticism of
Allende, despite not being involved, with his innocence only being acknowledged by major media outlets in 1981. He strongly opposed any military intervention in Chile, both immediately after the election, and three
946:
to help
Allende. The original allocation of money for these elections through the KGB was $ 400,000, and an additional personal subsidy of $ 50,000 directly to Allende. It is believed that help from KGB was a decisive factor, because Allende won by a narrow margin of 39,000 votes of a total of the 3
878:
Another major factor was his campaign being staffed mostly by amateurs, which led to the wasting of resources, creating of ineffective propaganda, issues mobilizing supporters, and trouble spreading a positive message to voters. US intelligence reports stated that supporters believed that
Alessandri
990:
Korry was very actively involved in the
Christian Democrats and the Frei administration, quickly developing a close relationship with Frei. At the request of Frei, he became more directly involved in Tomic's campaign, as he was becoming frustrated with Tomic's frequent criticism of the party he was
986:
was the United States ambassador to Chile from 1967 to 1971, during which he was very involved in
Chilean politics, particularly the 1970 elections. During the elections he spent time analyzing each candidate and their campaigns, and would report back to the state department, making recommendations
874:
that showed him in bad light. In the first
Alessandri said that he would be determined and that his "hands would not shake", subsequently the camera focused his hands that were actually shaking. In the second frame he was seen next to a stove warming his legs with a blanket despite it being spring.
1027:
As none of the candidates received an absolute majority in the public vote, the
National Congress had to decide between the two candidates who had received the most votes: Allende and Alessandri. In the three previous instances since 1932 where this situation had arisen, Congress had simply chosen
840:
and was ambassador to Washington under President Eduardo Frei. As a longtime friend of Frei, he was appointed as an ambassador to put him on the path to candidacy for the party in 1970. He was ideologically to the left of President Frei. He spent a large portion of his political career campaigning
824:
and Chilean Socialist Party. His platform included 40 promises that would benefit the lower class, including ending inflation, greatly reducing the cost of medicine, and the adjustment of public housing rent. The remaining promises also fell in line with the socialist ideology of Allende and the
934:
complained that he was ordered by the White House to "beat somebody with nobody". Although the 40 Committee had decided not to support any candidate directly, the CIA did help US companies in funding candidates. In total, US businesses spend about $ 700,000; half of that sum was provided by the
853:
was a career politician and served as the 27th president of Chile from 1958 to 1964, until the constitution barred him from succeeding himself. He was the prior administration to Christian Democrat Eduardo Frei. His conservative independent platform represented voters who were concerned by the
1035:
In the summer before the election, reports indicated that out of the 200 senators and deputies in Congress, Allende had 82 supporters, including the 80 members of Popular Unity, a major organizing force in the coalition. Tomic had 75 supporters following Allende, while Alessandri's remaining
1058:
Schneider's death was viewed unfavorably by the public and rallied citizens and military personnel in support of Allende. Ultimately, on 24 October, the National Congress chose Allende as the President. On 26 October, President Eduardo Frei appointed General
820:. He had a career in politics that included being a senator and 3 consecutive bids for the presidency prior to the 1970 election cycle. In 1970 he ran for the Popular Unity coalition, a political alliance consisting of the leftists of Chile including the
1032:
international economic pressure against Chile. Additionally, the United States began laying the groundwork for a military coup, authorizing the Ambassador to Chile to promote this outcome through his contacts in the Chilean military.
915:
put the total amount at between $ 800,000 and $ 1 million. The money approved by the 40 Committee was used in a "scare campaign" of posters and pamphlets linking an Allende victory with the violence and repression associated with the
959:
to ensure Allende victory in Congress. In his request on 24 October, he stated that KGB "will carry out measures designed to promote the consolidation of Allende's victory and his election to the post of President of the country".
854:
reforms Frei had implemented over the course of his administration. Due to his prestige of formerly being the President of Chile, his campaign started out very strong. However, over time he lost support for a variety of reasons.
879:
could win using his name alone and spent most of the campaign attacking Frei's reforms instead of directly promoting Alessandri. In the end, he finished second, meaning that the congressional vote was between him and Allende.
926:, and disseminated throughout the national media. The goal was to contribute to and exploit the political polarization and financial panic of the period. Besides propaganda, the CIA also funded an attempt to splinter the
857:
One major factor was his age and health. At the time of the 1970 election, Alessandri was 74 years old and had experienced a variety of health issues, mental and physical, including on national TV. According to
798:
The election was held using the absolute majority system, under which a candidate had to receive over 50% of the popular vote to be elected. If no candidate received over 50% of the vote, both houses of the
1019:, consisting of forming and supporting a group within the Chilean military who would stage a coup. Circumstantially, Track I was not possible, so the United States moved forward with Project FUBELT.
786:
and his Christian Democratic Party would later unite with Allende's opponents to form a congressional majority in an attempt to declare his presidency illegal in August 1973, catalyzing the
2346:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2141:
1047:. Schneider, hospitalized as a result, succumbed to his wounds three days later. The CIA had supported Viaux's kidnapping plan through Project FUBELT. Schneider was known for defending the
1845:
Archivos Internet Salvador Allende - A pro-Allende Spanish-language source, provides enormous day-by-day detail on the events between the election and Allende's inauguration as president
942:
KGB money was more precisely targeted. Allende made a personal request for Soviet money through his personal contact, KGB officer Svyatoslav Kuznetsov, who urgently came to Chile from
2786:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2151:
1011:
and involved manipulation of Chilean politics within the bounds of the Chilean constitution to lead to President Frei being re-elected. The CIA was not involved with it. Track II, or
1051:, which held that the army's role is exclusively professional and aimed at protecting the country's sovereignty, not interfering in politics. He had vehemently opposed organizing a
2146:
776:
poured money into this election through their intelligence agencies and other sources, with the former attempting to sabotage Allende, and the latter supporting his campaign.
598:
3179:
1028:
the candidate with the highest number of votes. Former President Alessandri, in fact, had been elected in 1958 with 31.6% of the popular vote, defeating Allende.
1078:
Allende's presidency was eventually ratified after he agreed to sign a "Statute of Constitutional Guarantees," pledging not to undermine the constitution.
3360:
936:
2356:
1852:
1355:
3401:
2816:
565:
1758:
3324:
3314:
2821:
570:
3172:
1812:"B. El Congreso Nacional y la quiebra de un deber constitucional: el control del ejercicio constitucional de las funciones del presidente"
2859:
2091:
1874:
717:
911:
approved $ 435,000 for that purpose. In fact that represented only about half the money spent by the CIA to influence the election; the
2922:
1991:
875:
According to Riesenberg all this gave the public the impression of a man who was not longer of "an adequate age to become president".
3334:
497:
3391:
3381:
1844:
1680:
1063:
as the new commander in chief of the army, succeeding René Schneider. Prats himself resigned in August 1973, and Allende appointed
3396:
1986:
1714:
1004:
3165:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2864:
2854:
2849:
2839:
1492:
661:
548:
543:
1663:
690:
1438:
1339:
1775:
1637:
2869:
2844:
2516:
2441:
2436:
2101:
2096:
643:
639:
509:
492:
3202:
2431:
2426:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2351:
2341:
2336:
2331:
1303:
1016:
956:
623:
514:
141:
1618:
920:. Editorials and news stories reinforcing this message were also written with CIA guidance, especially in the newspaper
2958:
2954:
2950:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1175:
904:
837:
758:
451:
246:
126:
51:
41:
1882:
3319:
3008:
1591:
1565:
1067:, then presumed to be loyal to Allende, as his successor; a few weeks later, Pinochet would overthrow Allende in the
1008:
413:
400:
3386:
3294:
3039:
2797:
2791:
1072:
762:
553:
2781:
2776:
2522:
2497:
1867:
710:
531:
526:
145:
3299:
1003:
The United States executive branch had two plans to prevent Allende from ascending to power if he won the vote.
3355:
3222:
2967:
2915:
1553:
3188:
2977:
1068:
787:
2831:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2462:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2421:
2416:
2361:
2122:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2086:
2081:
2041:
603:
480:
475:
470:
1396:"Foreign Relations of the United States, 1969–1976, Volume XXI, Chile, 1969–1973 - Office of the Historian"
1284:
1148:
593:
395:
375:
350:
3126:
893:
312:
2133:
1860:
800:
703:
616:
338:
3350:
2982:
2908:
78:
3232:
3106:
1755:
1395:
821:
817:
261:
121:
116:
3131:
651:
1614:
370:
3268:
3141:
1583:
1121:
927:
783:
750:
242:
136:
930:
away from the Popular Unity coalition. This CIA campaign was very inefficient. CIA director
867:
2808:
1894:
1645:
859:
666:
629:
461:
967:
was enraged by Allende's victory and the failure of the CIA's covert actions against him.
8:
3309:
325:
301:
219:
3085:
3207:
3090:
3044:
3013:
1903:
1890:
1823:
1444:
1048:
862:, Alessandri's appearance on TV backfired and cost him the election. On the TV program
754:
730:
457:
444:
425:
363:
308:
209:
3237:
3065:
2533:
1722:
1688:
1587:
1561:
1500:
1434:
1363:
1335:
1308:
952:
871:
430:
278:
71:
3157:
3146:
1052:
1040:
3304:
3263:
3258:
3070:
3018:
3003:
2945:
2931:
2508:
2473:
1660:
1648:
1610:
1549:
1448:
1428:
1298:
1142:
1116:
1064:
912:
903:
The CIA did not provide direct assistance to any candidate, as they had during the
850:
746:
656:
420:
257:
101:
96:
3278:
1786:
1634:
3121:
3116:
1762:
1667:
1641:
1280:
1055:
if Salvador Allende was ultimately chosen by the National Congress as president.
983:
777:
345:
803:
would come together to vote on the two candidates that received the most votes.
3217:
3136:
3080:
3075:
3034:
1170:
1012:
833:
106:
1430:
The Gathering Storm: Eduardo Frei's Revolution in Liberty and Chile's Cold War
3375:
3273:
3111:
2998:
1726:
1692:
1504:
1367:
1327:
1044:
964:
948:
931:
900:
spent significant amounts of money to influence the outcome of the election.
769:
318:
287:
3329:
3227:
3060:
1526:
Sergio Riesenberg: "La derrota de Jorge Alessandri se debe a la televisiĂłn"
1060:
975:
917:
908:
773:
684:
388:
943:
922:
1827:
1043:
was shot while resisting a kidnapping attempt by a group led by General
85:
3242:
2972:
1811:
1558:
The World Was Going Our Way: The KGB and the Battle for the Third World
780:
would play a major role in anti-Allende campaigns during the election.
951:
obtained permission for additional money and other resources from the
1039:
Two days prior to the confirmation, Army Commander-in-Chief General
2900:
1015:, was a CIA operation that did not involve the State Department or
1354:
Times, Juan de Onis Special to The New York (6 September 1970).
816:
Allende was a self-described Marxist and lifetime member of the
765:
after the Christian Democrats voted in favour of his candidacy.
1885:
742:
1036:
supporters amounted to 43 out of the 200 congresspeople.
907:, but rather focused on anti-Allende propaganda, and the
897:
761:
Radomiro Tomic, before having his victory confirmed by a
1765:, CBS News, September 19, 2000. Accessed 2 August 2006.
1681:"Edward Korry, 81, Is Dead; Falsely Tied to Chile Coup"
3187:
1332:
Elections in the Americas: A data handbook, Volume II
1356:"Allende, Chilean Marxist, Wins Vote for Presidency"
947:
million cast. After the elections, the KGB director
1479:
Memorandums for Dr. Kissinger Jun 22 - Aug 28, 1970
937:
International Telephone & Telegraph Corporation
757:in a race against independent Jorge Alessandri and
1715:"NEW EVIDENCE BACKS EX-ENVOY ON HIS ROLE IN CHILE"
1528:(in Spanish). Cultura Verdadera. 13 December 2015.
1085:
3373:
1635:Church Report (Covert Action in Chile 1963-1973)
1609:
233:
1580:Safe for Democracy: The Secret Wars of the CIA
1426:
3173:
2916:
1868:
1493:"Jorge Alessandri, 90, Former Chilean Leader"
711:
3315:Attempted assassination of Bernardo Leighton
1545:
1543:
1541:
1539:
1537:
1535:
882:
3180:
3166:
2923:
2909:
1875:
1861:
1560:, Basic Books (2005) hardcover, 677 pages
718:
704:
1785:(in Spanish). p. 120. Archived from
1605:
1603:
1532:
995:years later when Pinochet came to power.
1776:"El Partido Socialista de Chile Tomo II"
974:
887:
729:
223:
998:
849:Prior to running in the 1970 election,
3402:September 1970 events in South America
3374:
3361:Human rights violations under Pinochet
1600:
1577:
3161:
2904:
1856:
1768:
1713:Hersh, Seymour M. (9 February 1981).
1712:
1678:
1630:
1628:
1353:
1261:
1244:
1227:
1210:
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1094:
1091:
1088:
979:Ambassador Korry with John F. Kennedy
2930:
1804:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1464:
1462:
1460:
1458:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1384:
1349:
1347:
3203:United States intervention in Chile
1615:"Covert Action in Chile: 1963-1973"
1304:United States intervention in Chile
844:
811:
793:
13:
1822:(3/4): 491–547. June–August 1974.
1625:
1427:Hurtado-Torres, Sebastián (2020).
19:1970 Chilean presidential election
14:
3413:
3335:Indictment and arrest of Pinochet
3320:Assassination of Orlando Letelier
1838:
1455:
1413:
1381:
1344:
1321:
828:
1884:
1756:CIA Reveals Covert Acts In Chile
1679:Stout, David (30 January 2003).
1476:
970:
678:
286:
218:
208:
84:
77:
70:
25:
3392:Presidential elections in Chile
3382:1970 elections in South America
1749:
1740:
1706:
1672:
1654:
3397:Presidency of Salvador Allende
3356:Criticisms of Salvador Allende
3223:Presidency of Salvador Allende
2951:Presidential elections of 1952
1571:
1518:
1485:
1:
3310:Assassination of Carlos Prats
1314:
1433:. Cornell University Press.
1049:"constitutionalist" doctrine
376:Election Certification Court
7:
1292:
894:Central Intelligence Agency
806:
624:Ministry of Foreign Affairs
564:Constitutional convention:
10:
3418:
1816:Revista Chilena de Derecho
1176:Christian Democratic Party
1022:
838:Christian Democratic Party
836:was a major figure in the
3351:Death of Salvador Allende
3343:
3295:Government Junta of Chile
3287:
3251:
3195:
3099:
3053:
3027:
3009:Nationalization of copper
2991:
2938:
2830:
2807:
2532:
2507:
2472:
2132:
1902:
1640:11 September 2009 at the
1281:Chilean Election Database
1278:
1262:Registered voters/turnout
1206:
1189:
1185:
883:International involvement
825:Popular Unity coalition.
401:Constitutional Convention
238:President before election
231:
204:
62:
35:
23:
3233:Alejandrina Cox incident
3189:1973 Chilean coup d'Ă©tat
2474:Regional board elections
1666:12 December 2006 at the
1069:1973 Chilean coup d'Ă©tat
870:there were two separate
588:Independent institutions
414:Administrative divisions
3387:1970 elections in Chile
2509:Gubernatorial elections
2134:Parliamentary elections
1661:CIA Activities in Chile
1582:. Ivan R. Dee. p.
1071:and lead the resulting
822:Chilean Communist Party
818:Chilean Socialist Party
778:Ambassador Edward Korry
3127:Isabel Allende (Bussi)
1904:Presidential elections
980:
753:alliance won a narrow
739:Presidential elections
735:
640:Diplomatic missions of
3132:Andrés Pascal Allende
2809:Constituent elections
1761:7 August 2004 at the
1578:Prados, John (2006).
1017:Department of Defense
978:
888:Intelligence agencies
784:Eduardo Frei Montalva
745:on 4 September 1970.
733:
243:Eduardo Frei Montalva
3325:Chile under Pinochet
1646:United States Senate
1499:. 2 September 1986.
999:Track I and track II
630:Alberto van Klaveren
604:Constitutional Court
3269:José Toribio Merino
3142:Paula FrĂas Allende
3107:RamĂłn Allende PadĂn
2534:Municipal elections
1746:Church Report, ibid
1449:10.7591/j.ctvh1dn7n
1228:Invalid/blank votes
1082:
790:a few weeks later.
763:contingent election
594:Comptroller General
351:Chamber of Deputies
214:Results by province
186:Congress vote
20:
3208:Schneider Doctrine
3091:Andre Gunder Frank
3045:Schneider Doctrine
3014:Schneider Doctrine
1792:on 25 October 2009
1719:The New York Times
1685:The New York Times
1554:Christopher Andrew
1497:The New York Times
1360:The New York Times
1081:
981:
759:Christian Democrat
736:
224:Results by commune
154:Popular vote
18:
3369:
3368:
3238:Carlos Altamirano
3155:
3154:
3066:Carlos Altamirano
2939:Life and politics
2898:
2897:
1783:Julio CĂ©sar Jobet
1440:978-1-5017-4719-9
1400:history.state.gov
1340:978-0-19-928358-3
1309:Politics of Chile
1290:
1289:
953:Central Committee
860:Sergio Riesenberg
801:National Congress
728:
727:
662:Visa requirements
617:Foreign relations
452:Political parties
339:National Congress
279:Politics of Chile
272:
271:
268:
267:
253:Elected President
200:
199:
58:
57:
3409:
3305:Operation Condor
3264:Augusto Pinochet
3259:Salvador Allende
3182:
3175:
3168:
3159:
3158:
3086:Edgardo EnrĂquez
3071:Orlando Letelier
3019:Project Cybersyn
2978:1973 coup d'Ă©tat
2932:Salvador Allende
2925:
2918:
2911:
2902:
2901:
1889:
1888:
1877:
1870:
1863:
1854:
1853:
1849:
1832:
1831:
1808:
1802:
1801:
1799:
1797:
1791:
1780:
1772:
1766:
1753:
1747:
1744:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1733:
1710:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1676:
1670:
1658:
1652:
1649:Church Committee
1632:
1623:
1622:
1611:Church Committee
1607:
1598:
1597:
1575:
1569:
1550:Vasili Mitrokhin
1547:
1530:
1529:
1522:
1516:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1489:
1483:
1482:
1474:
1453:
1452:
1424:
1411:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1392:
1379:
1378:
1376:
1374:
1351:
1342:
1325:
1299:History of Chile
1279:Source: Nohlen,
1143:Jorge Alessandri
1117:Salvador Allende
1083:
1080:
1065:Augusto Pinochet
1009:State Department
913:Church Committee
851:Jorge Alessandri
845:Jorge Alessandri
812:Salvador Allende
794:Electoral system
747:Salvador Allende
720:
713:
706:
685:Chile portal
683:
682:
681:
290:
274:
273:
258:Salvador Allende
234:
225:
222:
215:
212:
102:Jorge Alessandri
97:Salvador Allende
88:
81:
74:
64:
63:
47:4 September 1970
37:
36:
30:
29:
28:
21:
17:
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842:
839:
835:
826:
823:
819:
804:
802:
791:
789:
788:military coup
785:
781:
779:
775:
771:
770:United States
766:
764:
760:
756:
752:
751:Popular Unity
748:
744:
741:were held in
740:
732:
721:
716:
714:
709:
707:
702:
701:
699:
698:
692:
689:
688:
686:
676:
675:
668:
665:
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658:
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650:
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645:
641:
638:
637:
631:
627:
626:
625:
622:
621:
618:
613:
612:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
591:
585:
584:
572:
569:
567:
563:
562:
560:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:Referendums:
541:
540:
538:
533:
530:
528:
524:
523:
521:
516:
513:
511:
508:Legislative:
507:
506:
504:
499:
496:
494:
490:
489:
487:
482:
479:
477:
474:
472:
468:
467:
465:
464:
463:
459:
455:
453:
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449:
446:
440:
439:
432:
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
418:
415:
410:
409:
402:
399:
397:
394:
393:
390:
385:
384:
377:
374:
372:
371:Supreme Court
369:
368:
365:
360:
359:
352:
349:
347:
344:
343:
340:
335:
334:
327:
324:
320:
319:Gabriel Boric
317:
316:
314:
310:
307:
306:
303:
298:
297:
294:
293:
289:
285:
284:
280:
276:
275:
264:
263:
259:
254:
251:
249:
248:
244:
239:
236:
235:
230:
221:
211:
203:
196:
193:
191:
188:
185:
184:
180:
177:
175:
172:
169:
168:
164:
161:
159:
156:
153:
152:
149:
147:
143:
140:
138:
137:Popular Unity
135:
132:
131:
128:
125:
123:
120:
118:
115:
112:
111:
108:
105:
103:
100:
98:
95:
92:
91:
87:
83:
80:
76:
73:
69:
66:
65:
61:
54: →
53:
50:
48:
45:
43:
40:←
39:
38:
34:
22:
16:
3330:Chicago Boys
3252:Participants
3228:Carlos Prats
3212:
3061:Carlos Prats
3040:Public image
2962:
2796:
2521:
2496:
2461:
2121:
2076:
1848:(in Spanish)
1819:
1815:
1806:
1794:. Retrieved
1787:the original
1782:
1770:
1751:
1742:
1730:. Retrieved
1718:
1708:
1696:. Retrieved
1684:
1674:
1656:
1579:
1573:
1557:
1525:
1520:
1508:. Retrieved
1496:
1487:
1478:
1429:
1403:. Retrieved
1399:
1371:. Retrieved
1359:
1331:
1323:
1092:Popular vote
1077:
1061:Carlos Prats
1057:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1002:
993:
989:
982:
962:
941:
921:
918:Soviet Union
909:40 Committee
902:
891:
877:
863:
856:
848:
832:
815:
797:
782:
774:Soviet Union
767:
738:
737:
396:Constitution
256:
252:
241:
237:
189:
173:
157:
46:
15:
3028:Perceptions
2832:Referendums
1895:referendums
1732:19 November
1617:. pp.
1245:Total votes
1211:Valid votes
1053:coup d'Ă©tat
944:Mexico City
923:El Mercurio
864:Tres Bandas
667:Visa policy
462:referendums
170:Percentage
122:Independent
3376:Categories
3243:Tanquetazo
3196:Background
2973:Tanquetazo
2968:Presidency
1992:1891 (Oct)
1987:1891 (Jul)
1698:5 November
1510:4 November
1405:4 November
1373:5 November
1315:References
866:hosted by
628:Minister:
326:Ministries
162:1,031,159
3288:Aftermath
3076:José Tohá
2946:Biography
2092:1999–2000
1891:Elections
1727:0362-4331
1693:0362-4331
1505:0362-4331
1368:0362-4331
1265:3,539,747
1248:2,954,799
1214:2,923,294
1193:2,923,294
1154:1,031,159
1126:1,070,334
1086:Candidate
892:Both the
768:Both the
755:plurality
469:General:
458:elections
445:elections
426:Provinces
364:Judiciary
309:President
302:Executive
262:Socialist
158:1,070,334
133:Alliance
117:Socialist
2992:Policies
1897:in Chile
1828:41605133
1759:Archived
1664:Archived
1638:Archived
1613:(1975).
1293:See also
807:Campaign
772:and the
657:Passport
644:in Chile
431:Communes
165:821,801
93:Nominee
2102:2009–10
2097:2005–06
1584:405–406
1334:, p259
1330:(2005)
1180:821,801
1023:Results
1005:Track I
955:of the
939:(ITT).
749:of the
525:Local:
498:2009–10
493:2005–06
456:Recent
443:Recent
421:Regions
181:28.11%
178:35.27%
67:
3100:Family
3054:Allies
1826:
1796:5 June
1725:
1691:
1651:, 1975
1590:
1564:
1503:
1447:
1437:
1366:
1338:
1285:Tricel
1257:100.00
1251:100.00
1231:31,505
1202:100.00
1196:100.00
346:Senate
174:36.61%
113:Party
2983:Death
1824:JSTOR
1790:(PDF)
1779:(PDF)
1619:20–21
1445:JSTOR
1274:97.50
1268:83.47
1223:96.41
1217:98.93
1190:Total
1183:28.11
1163:18.62
1157:35.27
1135:81.38
1129:36.61
1106:Votes
1100:Votes
1089:Party
872:shots
743:Chile
2963:1970
2959:1964
2955:1958
2890:2023
2885:2022
2880:2020
2875:1989
2870:1988
2865:1980
2860:1978
2855:1925
2850:1818
2845:1817
2840:1812
2822:2023
2817:2021
2798:2024
2792:2021
2787:2016
2782:2012
2777:2008
2772:2004
2767:2000
2762:1996
2757:1992
2752:1971
2747:1967
2742:1963
2737:1960
2732:1956
2727:1953
2722:1950
2717:1947
2712:1944
2707:1941
2702:1938
2697:1935
2692:1925
2687:1922
2682:1920
2677:1915
2672:1910
2667:1905
2662:1900
2657:1897
2652:1894
2647:1891
2642:1888
2637:1885
2632:1882
2627:1879
2622:1876
2617:1873
2612:1870
2607:1867
2602:1864
2597:1861
2592:1858
2587:1855
2582:1852
2577:1849
2572:1846
2567:1843
2562:1840
2557:1837
2552:1834
2547:1831
2542:1828
2523:2024
2517:2021
2498:2024
2492:2021
2487:2017
2482:2013
2463:2025
2457:2021
2452:2017
2447:2013
2442:2009
2437:2005
2432:2001
2427:1997
2422:1993
2417:1989
2412:1973
2407:1969
2402:1965
2397:1961
2392:1957
2387:1953
2382:1949
2377:1945
2372:1941
2367:1937
2362:1932
2357:1930
2352:1925
2347:1924
2342:1921
2337:1918
2332:1915
2327:1912
2322:1909
2317:1906
2312:1903
2307:1900
2302:1897
2297:1894
2292:1891
2287:1888
2282:1885
2277:1882
2272:1879
2267:1876
2262:1873
2257:1870
2252:1867
2247:1864
2242:1861
2237:1858
2232:1855
2227:1852
2222:1849
2217:1846
2212:1843
2207:1840
2202:1837
2197:1834
2192:1831
2187:1829
2182:1828
2177:1827
2172:1825
2167:1824
2162:1823
2157:1822
2152:1818
2147:1814
2142:1811
2123:2025
2117:2021
2112:2017
2107:2013
2087:1993
2082:1989
2077:1970
2072:1964
2067:1958
2062:1952
2057:1946
2052:1942
2047:1938
2042:1932
2037:1931
2032:1927
2027:1925
2022:1920
2017:1915
2012:1910
2007:1906
2002:1901
1997:1896
1982:1886
1977:1881
1972:1876
1967:1871
1962:1866
1957:1861
1952:1856
1947:1851
1942:1846
1937:1841
1932:1836
1927:1831
1922:1829
1917:1827
1912:1826
1893:and
1798:2009
1734:2021
1723:ISSN
1700:2021
1689:ISSN
1588:ISBN
1562:ISBN
1552:and
1512:2021
1501:ISSN
1435:ISBN
1407:2021
1375:2021
1364:ISSN
1336:ISBN
1240:3.59
1234:1.07
957:CPSU
571:2023
566:2021
554:2022
549:2020
544:1989
532:2012
527:2008
515:2009
510:2005
481:2021
476:2017
471:2013
460:and
313:list
52:1989
42:1964
1271:200
1254:195
1220:188
1199:188
1132:153
898:KGB
389:Law
247:PDC
194:35
190:153
127:PDC
3378::
2961:/
2957:/
2953:/
1814:.
1781:.
1721:.
1717:.
1687:.
1683:.
1644:,
1627:^
1602:^
1586:.
1556:,
1534:^
1495:.
1457:^
1443:.
1415:^
1398:.
1383:^
1362:.
1358:.
1346:^
1283:;
1160:35
1075:.
642:/
315:)
146:DR
142:PN
3181:e
3174:t
3167:v
2924:e
2917:t
2910:v
1876:e
1869:t
1862:v
1830:.
1820:1
1800:.
1736:.
1702:.
1621:.
1596:.
1514:.
1481:.
1451:.
1409:.
1377:.
1237:7
1151:)
1109:%
1103:%
719:e
712:t
705:v
311:(
144:–
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