227:) recognizes eight tropical cyclones for the 1879 season. Two were tropical storms and six were hurricanes, with winds of 75 mph (119 km/h) or greater. The first storm of the season formed as a tropical storm off the Carolinas on August 9. It briefly reached Category 1 hurricane strength before dissipating on August 12 off Newfoundland. The second cyclone of the year was a major Category 3 hurricane. Known as The Great Beaufort Hurricane, it caused extensive damage to both North Carolina and Virginia. Hurricane Three made landfalls at both the Yucatan Peninsula and near Galveston, Texas, causing great damage along the Louisiana coast. Hurricane Four was the second Category 3 cyclone of the year and, like Hurricane Three, also struck the Gulf coast. In this case the damage and destruction were centred on Morgan City, Louisiana. Tropical Storm Five existed between October 3 and 7th and dissipated over Louisiana. Tropical Storm Six travelled from east of Barbados to make landfall first on Isla de la Juventud, then Cuba and later Florida. Hurricane Seven began as a tropical storm in the Caribbean Sea, before crossing Florida and travelling north, parallel to the US east coast. The last cyclone of the year was a Category 2 hurricane that developed from a tropical storm as it travelled from close to Hispaniola to a point off Atlantic Canada before dissipating on November 20.
209:(Category 3+). However, in the absence of modern satellite and other remote-sensing technologies, only storms that affected populated land areas or encountered ships at sea were recorded, so the actual total could be higher. An undercount bias of zero to six tropical cyclones per year between 1851 and 1885 and zero to four per year between 1886 and 1910 has been estimated. Of the known 1879 cyclones, Hurricane One were first documented in 1995 by Jose Fernandez-Partagas and Henry Diaz. They also proposed large changes to the known tracks of Hurricanes Two, Three, Seven and Eight. Later one storm was deemed not to be a tropical cyclone at all and was dropped from the database.
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562:. Damage was extensive - trees were uprooted, a sawmill, some cabins and two churches were destroyed while flooding washed away bridges. One person died. It weakened to a Category 2 hurricane by the end of September 1, and the next day weakened further to a tropical depression. Hurricane Four caused $ 500,000 in damage.
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A tropical storm was first seen on August 28 in the Gulf of Mexico. By the end of the next day it had strengthened into a
Category 2 hurricane, and by the end of August 31, it had reached Category 3 status. Throughout the morning of September 1 the hurricane maintained wind speeds of
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Atlantic Canada. On October 29 it briefly became a Category 1 hurricane before it dissipated the same day. Climate researcher Michael Chenoweth argued that this system was extratropical, instead noting a gradient between gales over the Gulf of Mexico and a very strong high-pressure area,
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were blown away when indicating 138 mph (222 km/h) and the wind was afterward estimated to have reached 168 mph (270 km/h). Anemometers were also destroyed at
Hatteras, Fort Macon, Kitty Hawk, Portsmouth, and Cape Henry, Virginia, with speeds estimated at 100 mph
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near the border with
Louisiana. At Calcasieu Pass a wave grounded twelve vessels high and dry. Further along the Louisiana coast many buildings were destroyed and crops ruined. The system rapidly weakened and dissipated on August 24.
957:
Partagas, J.F. and H.F. Diaz, 1995b "A Reconstruction of
Historical Tropical Cyclone Frequency in the Atlantic from Documentary and other Historical Sources : 1851-1880 Part II: 1871-1880" Climate Diagnostics Center, NOAA, Boulder,
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Landsea, C. W. (2004). "The
Atlantic hurricane database re-analysis project: Documentation for the 1851–1910 alterations and additions to the HURDAT database". In Murname, R. J.; Liu, K.-B. (eds.).
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on August 16. It continued northward, and hit eastern North
Carolina on the morning of August 18 as a 115 mph (185 km/h) hurricane. At 6 a.m. that morning
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387:(160 km/h) or more. A storm surge up to 8 feet high was seen at Norfolk, Virginia. After crossing the state it moved into the northwestern Atlantic, crossing
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before becoming extratropical on August 20. The hurricane was responsible for 46 deaths, as well as great damage in North
Carolina and Virginia.
295:. It grew to a Category 1 hurricane as it paralleled the North Carolina coast throughout August 11. It moved out to sea, dissipating offshore of
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ran from the summer to near the end of autumn in 1879. In 1879 there were two tropical storms, four hurricanes, and two
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1073:"The Deadliest Atlantic Tropical Cyclones, 1492–1996: Cyclones with 25+ deaths"
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September 10 to September 20, peaked as a Category 1 hurricane
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Edward N. Rappaport & Jose Fernandez-Partagas (1996).
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November 5 to November 7, peaked as a Category 1 hurricane
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while an extratropical developed offshore North Carolina.
937:. New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 177–221.
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September 23 to September 26, peaked as a tropical storm
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August 15 to August 31, peaked as a Category 1 hurricane
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September 8 to September 14, peaked as a tropical storm
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October 11 to October 20, peaked as a tropical storm
1215:HURDAT Data for the 1879 Atlantic hurricane season
1060:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
864:August 15 to August 18, peaked as a tropical storm
1097:. Charleston, SC: History Press. pp. 67–80.
1034:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
977:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
935:Hurricanes and Typhoons: Past, Present and Future
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1157:Chenoweth, Michael (December 2014).
1030:Hurricane Research Division (2008).
973:Hurricane Research Division (2008).
368:The Great Beaufort Hurricane of 1879
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347:115 mph (185 km/h)
1134:Southern Region Headquarters
1121:David M. Roth (2010-01-13).
909:Tropical cyclone observation
752:80 mph (130 km/h)
744:October 24 – October 29
520:August 29 – September 2
280:80 mph (130 km/h)
90: • Lowest pressure
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51:Last system dissipated
1032:"Easy to Read HURDAT"
1093:Hairr, John (2008).
1002:. 18 November 2023.
1357:Australian region (
1181:2014JCli...27.8674C
698:Isla de la Juventud
566:Tropical Storm Five
299:on August 12.
114:Seasonal statistics
43:First system formed
38:Seasonal boundaries
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1164:Journal of Climate
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157:Total damage
119:Total storms
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1038:January 23,
560:Morgan City
393:Nova Scotia
1467:Categories
1403:Hurricanes
1237:Previous:
1138:2011-01-25
1079:2011-03-14
996:"noaa.gov"
981:2011-03-14
920:References
850:Hispaniola
380:anemometer
127:Hurricanes
1196:April 29,
834:968
556:Louisiana
534:950
465:Caribbean
449:964
353:971
293:Carolinas
1424:Typhoons
1410:Atlantic
1351:Cyclones
1175:: 8682.
1004:Archived
887:See also
817:Duration
741:Duration
670:Duration
599:Duration
517:Duration
432:Duration
389:Cape Cod
382:cups at
336:Duration
269:Duration
101:; 28.05
1431:Pacific
1415:Pacific
1393:1879–80
1388:1878–79
1381:1879–80
1376:1878–79
1364:1879–80
1359:1878–79
1177:Bibcode
838: (
830:(1-min)
775:of the
767:in the
765:Florida
754:(1-min)
694:Leeward
683:(1-min)
623:Jamaica
612:(1-min)
558:, near
538: (
530:(1-min)
453: (
445:(1-min)
376:Bahamas
357: (
349:(1-min)
282:(1-min)
231:Systems
139:Cat. 3+
1295:Next:
1171:(12).
1101:
941:
804:
728:
657:
627:Panama
586:
504:
419:
323:
256:
225:HURDAT
1128:(PDF)
1058:(PDF)
1344:1879
1297:1880
1290:1879
1285:1878
1280:1877
1275:1876
1270:1875
1265:1874
1260:1873
1255:1872
1250:1871
1245:1870
1239:1869
1198:2024
1099:ISBN
1040:2010
939:ISBN
836:mbar
631:Cuba
625:and
536:mbar
451:mbar
391:and
355:mbar
201:The
194:1881
190:1880
186:1879
182:1878
178:1877
103:inHg
95:mbar
93:950
71:Four
68:Name
1342:in
1185:doi
840:hPa
540:hPa
455:hPa
359:hPa
162:USD
99:hPa
1469::
1183:.
1169:27
1167:.
1161:.
1147:^
1130:.
1113:^
1012:^
998:.
963:^
958:CO
192:,
188:,
184:,
180:,
152:47
1395:)
1383:)
1366:)
1332:e
1325:t
1318:v
1200:.
1187::
1179::
1141:.
1107:.
1082:.
1042:.
984:.
947:.
842:)
832:;
756:;
685:;
614:;
542:)
532:;
457:)
447:;
361:)
351:;
284:;
164:)
144:2
141:)
137:(
130:6
122:8
105:)
97:(
85:)
81:(
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