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been largely discontinued in favour of 24- and 12-exposure rolls. The length of film provided includes the length required for the indicated number of exposures plus sufficient additional length for the film spoiled by being exposed to ambient light when it is drawn out of the canister, across the back of the camera, and securely engaged with the film advancing spool, before the camera back is closed. A camera that uses less than the maximum distance between the spools may be able to make one additional exposure. Self-loading cameras that load the film after being closed don't spoil the additional length provided for conventional loading and can make that additional length available for two or three additional exposures. The same length can be available for exposures in any camera if it is loaded without exposing the film to light, e.g. in a darkroom or a dark bag. A 27-exposure disposable camera uses a standard 24-exposure cassette loaded in the dark.
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793:(APS) was introduced by a consortium of photographic companies in an attempt to supersede 135 film. Due in part to its small negative size, APS was not taken seriously as a professional format, despite the production of APS SLRs. In the point-and-shoot markets at which the format was primarily aimed, it enjoyed moderate initial success, but still never rivalled the market penetration of 135. Within five years of its launch, cheap digital compact cameras started becoming widely available, and APS sales plummeted.
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1332:), lenses are often advertised or marked with their "35 mm equivalent" or "full-frame equivalent" focal length as a mnemonic, due to the historic prevalence of the 35 mm format. This 'equivalent' is computed by multiplying (a) the true focal length of the lens by (b) the ratio of the diagonal measurement of the native format to that of the 35 mm format.
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1054:. For each frame, the film advances 8 perforations. This is specified as 38.00 mm. This allows for 2 mm gaps between frames. Camera models typically have different locations for the sprocket which advances the film. Therefore, each camera model's frame may vary in position relative to the perforations. The film is approximately 0.14 mm thick.
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available, the Leica was a success, and came to be associated with the format. Mostly because of this 35 mm popularity, as well as the entire company legacy, early Leica cameras are considered as highly collectible items. The original Leica prototype holds the record as being the world's most expensive camera, selling for €2.16 million in 2012.
133:
368:'s Eastman Kodak Company. The 70 mm film was cut lengthwise into two equal width (35 mm) strips, spliced together end to end, and then perforated along both edges. The original picture size was 18×24 mm (half the full frame size later used in still photography). There were four perforations on each side of a motion picture frame.
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surface which are either conductive or insulating, representing 32 possible film speeds, eight possible film lengths, and four possible values of exposure tolerance or latitude. Conforming cameras detect at least some of these areas; only three contacts are needed to set a light meter for the four most popular film speeds.
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Most cameras require the film to be rewound before the camera is opened. Some motorized cameras unwind the film fully upon loading and then expose the images in reverse order, returning the film to the cassette; this protects all exposed frames (except the last one or two), should the camera back be
408:
The first big-selling 35 mm still camera was the
American Tourist Multiple, which also appeared in 1913, at a cost of $ 175 (at today's prices, the same cost as a modern $ 3000 Leica.) The first camera to take full-frame 24×36 mm exposures seems to be the Simplex, introduced in the U.S. in
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Colour films improved, both for print negatives and reversal slides, while black-and-white films offered smoother grain and faster speeds than previously available. Since 35 mm was preferred by both amateur and professional photographers, makers of film stock have long offered the widest range
136:
135 film. The film is 35 mm (1.4 in) wide. Each image is 24×36 mm in the most common "small film" format (sometimes called "double-frame" for its relationship to the "single-frame" 35 mm movie format or full frame after the introduction of 135 sized digital sensors. Confusingly,
1335:
As a result, a lens for an APS-C (18×24 mm) format camera body with a focal length of 40 mm, might be described as "60 mm (35 mm equivalent)". Although its true focal length remains 40 mm, its angle of view is equivalent to that of a 60 mm lens on a 35 mm format
980:
pattern, which identifies the manufacturer and film type (and thus processing method), and the number of exposures, for the use of photofinishing laboratories. The cassettes are also manufactured with a Camera Auto
Sensing code constructed as two rows of six rectangular areas on the metal cassette
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was introduced in the 1980s, as were single-use cameras pre-loaded with 35 mm film and using plastic lenses of reasonable enough quality to produce acceptable snapshots. Automated all-in-one processing and printing machines made 35 mm developing easier and less expensive, so that quality
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Although
Barnack designed his prototype camera around 1913, the first experimental production run of ur-Leicas (Serial No. 100 to 130) did not take place until 1923. Full-scale production of the Leica did not begin until 1925. While by that time there were at least a dozen other 35 mm cameras
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popularized the format, several 35 mm still cameras used perforated movie film before the Leica was introduced in the 1920s. The first patent for one was issued to Leo, Audobard and
Baradat in England in 1908. The first full-scale production camera was the Homéos, a stereo camera, produced by
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The film is available in lengths for varying numbers of exposures. The standard full-length roll has always been 36 exposures (assuming a standard 24×36 frame size). Through about 1980, 20 exposure rolls were the only shorter length with widespread availability. Since then, 20 exposure rolls have
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standards. Since the introduction of digital cameras the most usual films have colour emulsions of ISO 100/21° to ISO 800/30°. Films of lower sensitivity (and better picture quality) and higher sensitivity (for low light) are for more specialist purposes. There are colour and monochrome films,
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that greatly improved the quality and utility of 35 mm format cameras, encouraging professionals (especially photojournalists) to switch from larger format cameras to the versatile, rugged, and fast SLR design. Numerous other film formats waxed and waned in popularity, but by the 1970s,
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Other, mostly shorter, lengths have been manufactured. There have been some 6-, 8-, 10-, and 15-exposure rolls given away as samples, sometimes in disposable cameras, or used by insurance adjusters to document damage claims. Twelve-exposure rolls have been used widely in the daily press.
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in the summer of 1934. The first Kodak Retina camera was a Typ 117. The 35 mm Kodak Retina camera line remained in production until 1969. Kodak also introduced a line of
American made cameras that were simpler and more economical than the Retina.
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The
Minigraph, by Levy-Roth of Berlin, another half-frame small camera was sold in Germany in 1915. The patent for the Debrie Sept camera, a combination 35 mm still and movie camera was issued in 1918; the camera sold from 1922.
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of 4:3 (crop factor of 1.33). Mimicking 35mm film in a smartphone requires cropping to a 3:2 aspect ratio (crop factor of 1.5-1.6). For an authentic homage, one can apply creative digital filters like the ones commonly used in
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While they have shifted the vast majority of their product lines to digital, major camera manufacturers such as Canon and Nikon continued to make expensive professional-grade 35 mm film SLRs until recently (such as the
1049:
On 135 film, the typical cameras produce a frame where the longer dimension of the 24×36 mm frame runs parallel to the length of the film. The perforation size and pitch are according to the standard specification
1336:(24×36 mm) camera. Another example is the lens of the 2/3 inch format Fujifilm X10, which is marked with its true zoom range "7.1–28.4 mm" but has a 35 mm-equivalent zoom range of "28–112 mm".
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lenses for the format, in mass production and popular use. Common focal lengths of lenses made for the format include 24, 28, 35, 50, 85, 105, and 135 mm. Most commonly, a 50 mm lens is the one considered
708:, important for the popularity of SLRs; until then, the viewfinder on an SLR camera blanked as the mirror sprang out of the optical path just before taking the picture, returning when the film was wound on.
805:(discontinued in 2020). Introductory 35 mm SLRs, compact film point-and-shoot cameras, and single-use cameras continue to be built and sold by a number of makers. Leica finally introduced the digital
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Individual rolls of 135 film are enclosed in single-spool, light-tight, metal cassettes to allow cameras to be loaded in daylight. The film is clipped or taped to a spool and exits via a slot lined with
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which approximate the dimensions of the 35 mm format, sometimes differing by fractions of a millimetre on one or both dimensions. Since 2007, Nikon has referred to their 35 mm format by the
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interchangeable-lens SLR cameras and smaller rangefinders, from expensive Leicas to "point-and-shoot" pocket cameras, were all using 35 mm film, and manufacturers had proliferated.
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The Furet camera made and sold in France in 1923 took full-frame 24x36 mm negatives, and was the first cheap small 35 mm camera of similar appearance to more modern models.
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cameras utilized the smaller half-frame size, allowing the design of a very compact SLR camera. Unusual formats include the 24×32 mm and 24×34 mm on the early Nikon
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In the earliest days, the photographer had to load the film into reusable cassettes and, at least for some cameras, cut the film leader. In 1934, Kodak introduced a
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black-and-white film, on a thin polyester base, allowed 72 exposures in a single cassette. They produced special reels and tanks to allow this to be processed.
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refer to 35 mm film in daylight-loading spools, that could be loaded into Contax or Leica style reusable cassettes, respectively, without need of a
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introduced a 24×65 mm panoramic format with their XPan/TX-1 camera. There is also a 21×14 mm format used by
Tessina subminiature camera.
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to a characteristic look. Different brands of 35mm film would achieve the creative colour profile through a chemical process. For example Fuji
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401:", which used the 35 mm perforated film to take consecutive hundred views in 18×24 mm. He manufactured, won the gold medal in the
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of 35 mm (1.4 in) loaded into a standardized type of magazine (also referred to as a cassette or cartridge) for use in 135 film
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A 35 mm format "full frame" digital image sensor (left, in green) is revealed inside the mirror box of a Canon DSLR camera.
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used 35 mm film, and proved that a format as small as 24 mm × 36 mm was suitable for professional photography.
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Photographers who load their own cassettes can use any length of film – with thinner film base up to 45 exposures will fit.
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interrupted development of the type. After the war, Exakta resumed development and the Contax S model with the now familiar
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of 43 mm, the diagonal measurement of the format. However, lenses of 43 mm to 60 mm are commonly considered
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colour prints became available not only from photographic specialty stores, but also from supermarkets, drugstores, and
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viewing feature was introduced in 1949. In the 1950s, the SLR also began to be produced in Japan by such companies as
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has fallen out of use. Film designed to be sensitive to infrared radiation can be obtained, both monochrome and with
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film gave the photo a characteristic of saturated colours under daylight, high contrast, and exceptional sharpness.
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949:. The end of the film is cut on one side to form a leader. It has the same dimensions and perforation pitch as
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daylight-loading single-use cassette. This cassette was engineered so that it could be used in both Leica and
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by the late 1960s to become the most popular photographic film size. Despite competition from formats such as
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SLR camera was discontinued in 2007. On March 25, 2009, Leica discontinued the R9 SLR and R-series lenses.
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camera. The Retina camera and this daylight loading cassette were the invention of Dr. August Nagel of the
1006:(or pseudocolour) rendition. More exotic emulsions have been available in 135 than other roll-film sizes.
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In recent years, the phone app "Dazzcam" has gained popularity for its resemblance to 35mm film cameras.
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The size of the 135 film frame with its frame's aspect ratio of 1:1.50 has been adopted by many high-end
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Jules
Richard in 1913, and was sold until 1920. It took 18x24 mm stereo pairs, using two Tessar lenses.
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785:– The last Nikon F series 35mm SLR introduced in 2004, which remained in production until October 2020
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1313:. Lenses above 50 mm but up to about 100 mm are called short telephoto or sometimes, as
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The 135 film has been made in several emulsion types and sensitivities (film speeds) described by
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in
Stuttgart. Kodak bought Dr. August Nagel's company in December, 1931, and began marketing the
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in 1934 as a designation for 35 mm film specifically for still photography, perforated with
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format of 18×24 mm which earned some popularity in the 1960s, and the 24×24 mm of the
1038:, commonly known as 35 mm format. The 24×36 mm format is common to higher-end digital
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rangefinder in 2007, but continues to make its M series rangefinder film cameras and lenses. A
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1914. It took either 800 half-frame or 400 full-frame shots on 50 ft (15.2 m) rolls.
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957:, whereas 35 mm professional motion picture camera films are always "short pitch",
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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of 1.5–1.6). Compact cameras have smaller sensors with a crop factor of around 3 to 6.
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Digital sensors are available in various sizes. Professional DSLR cameras usually use
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chrome with eyelevel prism and NIKKOR-S Auto 1:1,4 f=5,8cm lens (1959) – an early SLR
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with its
Horizont camera (descendants of which are called, in the Roman alphabet,
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Most consumer DSLR cameras use smaller sensors, with the most popular size being
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1447:"BS ISO 1007:2000 – Photography. 135-size film and magazine. Specifications"
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The 135 film size is derived from earlier still cameras using lengths of
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Half-frame negatives (left and right) with standard 35 mm (centre)
855: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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Leica I, 1927, the first successful camera worldwide for 35 cine film
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was a daylight loading spool for the 24 × 23 mm stereo format.
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cameras along with the camera for which it was invented, namely the
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lens. Even then, wide angles shorter than 24 mm is called an
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1630:"I Miss Film Cameras but I'm Lazy so I Use This Phone App Instead"
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554:, too, made a long-lived range of 35 mm cameras; notably the
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FX. Other makers of 35 mm format digital cameras, including
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use the same technique so that the user does not have to rewind.
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681:, had been used with earlier cameras using plates and rollfilm.
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Other image formats have been applied to 135 film, such as the
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Minox 35 ML, one of the smallest cameras built for the 135 film
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405:, and in 1910 sold at a small scale and without much success.
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accidentally opened; unexposed film gets spoiled, however.
1237:, refer to their 35 mm sensors simply as full frame.
226:". Even though the format is much smaller than historical
132:
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972:
Since the 1980s, film cassettes have been marked with a
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The engineering standard for this film is controlled by
191:
perforations. It quickly grew in popularity, surpassing
725:
of different film speeds and types in the format. The
684:
The first 35 mm single-lens reflex (SLR) was the
390:
designed a device for small-format photography, the "
2658:
1317:, from 100 mm to about 200 mm are called
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1501:"History of the 35mm: The Original Compact Camera"
994:negative and positive. Monochrome film is usually
1579:. Leica Camera AG. March 25, 2009. Archived from
1244:which measures around 23×15 mm (giving it a
1213:Full-frame mirrorless interchangeable-lens camera
364:. Dickson took 70 mm film stock supplied by
4961:
246:in most compact cameras and smartphone cameras.
211:, it remains the most popular film size today.
1328:With many smaller formats now common (such as
2644:
1674:
1473:The man who made movies : W.K.L. Dickson
1321:telephotos, and above 300 mm are called
1301:; any lens shorter than this is considered a
1256:Most smartphones (as of 2024) have a default
448:Pre-loaded cassettes and Kodak Retina cameras
1552:"A Brief History of Kodak Roll Film Numbers"
1577:"Leica cease production of R9 and R lenses"
1167:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
631:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
486:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
300:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2651:
2637:
1681:
1667:
1109:A 72 exposure cartridge of Ilford HP5 film
253:1007 titled '135-size film and magazine'.
1187:Learn how and when to remove this message
1128:
915:Learn how and when to remove this message
651:Learn how and when to remove this message
506:Learn how and when to remove this message
320:Learn how and when to remove this message
137:full frame was also used to describe the
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
1627:
1305:lens and anything above is considered a
1198:
1104:
1021:
1013:
931:
777:
662:
517:
423:
343:
331:
234:film, being historically referred to as
144:
131:
1042:, where it is typically referred to as
734:retailers, often in less than an hour.
716:model, introduced in March 1959, was a
14:
4962:
1498:
1430:
1416:Suess, Bernhard J. (October 1, 2003).
1251:
1073:, and 24×23 mm for use with some
984:
261:
2632:
1662:
1628:Phillips, Carmen (November 5, 2022).
1499:Welsch, Colleen (December 18, 2021).
1470:
1418:Mastering black and white photography
1415:
2612:You Press the Button, We Do the Rest
1494:
1492:
1165:adding citations to reliable sources
1132:
853:adding citations to reliable sources
824:
741:
629:adding citations to reliable sources
596:
484:adding citations to reliable sources
451:
298:adding citations to reliable sources
265:
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
1288:for 35 mm format would have a
24:
1532:from the original on July 16, 2013
1034:usually refers to a 24×36 mm
820:
677:Reflex viewfinders, both twin-and
566:followed with the introduction of
428:Replica of a Leica prototype, 1913
222:cameras, commonly referred to as "
25:
4991:
2536:Kodak v. Image Technical Services
1688:
1640:
1489:
1475:. John Libbey. pp. 239/386.
1471:Spehr, Paul (November 17, 2008).
1366:"The History of Kodak Roll Films"
789:In 1996, a smaller format called
592:
4942:
4941:
1646:
1526:"Top 100 maximum valued cameras"
1137:
829:
746:
704:. Asahi's Pentax introduced the
601:
456:
270:
156:, more popularly referred to as
34:
1621:
1595:
1569:
1435:. Cengage Learning. p. 41.
1009:
840:needs additional citations for
801:(discontinued in 2018) and the
183:The term 135 was introduced by
45:needs additional citations for
1544:
1518:
1464:
1439:
1424:
1409:
1384:
1358:
362:William Kennedy Laurie Dickson
27:35 mm photographic film format
13:
1:
2193:Kodacolor (still photography)
1420:. Allworth Press. p. 11.
1392:"35mm Film Format – 135 Film"
1351:
727:DX film-speed encoding system
139:Full gate of the movie format
1433:Photography: A Concise Guide
737:
558:. Kodak launched 135-format
7:
1944:Z712 IS ZOOM digital camera
1339:
1081:introduced a 24×58 mm
953:(also called "long pitch",
951:35 mm movie print film
927:
10:
4996:
1346:List of color film systems
1206:
1065:. The successful range of
1018:135 frame and perforations
372:
256:
216:digital single-lens reflex
4937:
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2091:
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2034:
2018:
1977:
1969:Cine Special 16mm Cameras
1956:
1926:
1843:
1769:
1746:
1739:
1732:
1696:
1279:
1100:
755:This section needs to be
242:, it is much larger than
4980:Kodak photographic films
2259:Carousel slide projector
1939:Z612 Zoom Digital Camera
1724:ESL Federal Credit Union
570:later in the same year.
419:
262:35 mm still cameras
1556:www.luk.staff.ugm.ac.id
543:Kodak AG Dr. Nagel Werk
2606:Union of Kodak Workers
2590:Eastman Color Positive
2585:Eastman Color Negative
2188:Kodacolor (filmmaking)
1431:Warren, Bruce (2003).
1396:The Darkroom Photo Lab
1209:Full-frame digital SLR
1204:
1129:Use in digital cameras
1110:
1077:. In 1967, the Soviet
1027:
1019:
941:
786:
688:, introduced in 1936.
674:
523:
429:
349:
341:
150:
142:
2477:Eastman Business Park
1609:: 68. February 1981.
1603:"Popular Photography"
1219:digital image sensors
1207:Further information:
1202:
1108:
1025:
1017:
935:
791:Advanced Photo System
781:
706:instant-return mirror
666:
562:colour film in 1936.
521:
427:
347:
335:
148:
135:
2431:Leopold Godowsky Jr.
2304:Kodacolor Technology
2264:Cinema Digital Sound
1655:at Wikimedia Commons
1372:on February 22, 2009
1161:improve this section
940:135 film for cameras
849:improve this article
625:improve this section
480:improve this section
379:In 1909, the French
294:improve this section
54:improve this article
2502:Kodak Picture Kiosk
2492:Kodak Park Railroad
2214:High-Speed Infrared
1607:Popular Photography
1315:portrait telephotos
1252:Use in smart phones
985:Film type and speed
811:digital camera back
2664:by standard number
2436:Thomas J. Hargrave
2395:Four Thirds system
1583:on August 29, 2009
1311:extreme wide angle
1205:
1111:
1028:
1020:
967:Disposable cameras
942:
787:
675:
524:
430:
350:
342:
340:6 with 35 mm films
220:digital mirrorless
151:
143:
4955:
4954:
2678:ISO romanizations
2626:
2625:
2461:William S. Vaughn
2399:Micro Four Thirds
2329:Proofing Software
2237:
2236:
2080:
2079:
2067:Vest Pocket Kodak
1952:
1951:
1704:Chinon Industries
1651:Media related to
1451:shop.bsigroup.com
1197:
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925:
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917:
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775:
661:
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573:The designations
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330:
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170:photographic film
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16:(Redirected from
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2629:
2507:Kodak, Tennessee
2497:Kodak Photo Spot
2254:Autographic film
2249:Approval proofer
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1368:. Archived from
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1133:
1083:panoramic format
920:
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2543:Vroegh v. Kodak
2529:Kodak v. Worden
2516:
2465:
2456:Henry A. Strong
2409:
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2072:Vigilant camera
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821:Characteristics
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522:Kodak Retina II
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403:Concours Lépine
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381:Étienne Mollier
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158:35 mm film
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2421:Colby Chandler
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2405:Wratten number
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1641:External links
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1482:978-0861966950
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1267:colour profile
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1075:stereo cameras
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1000:orthochromatic
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593:Reflex cameras
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366:George Eastman
336:Soviet camera
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189:Kodak Standard
141:half the size)
128:
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2699:
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2691:
2687:
2683:
2682:IEC standards
2679:
2675:
2674:ISO standards
2669:
2661:
2654:
2649:
2647:
2642:
2640:
2635:
2634:
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2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2487:
2483:
2482:Kodak Heights
2480:
2478:
2475:
2474:
2472:
2468:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2451:Steven Sasson
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
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2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2319:Motorola Zine
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2284:Ektra (phone)
2282:
2280:
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2246:
2244:
2240:
2230:
2229:Technical Pan
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2211:
2209:
2205:
2199:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2169:
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2160:
2158:
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2154:
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2150:
2146:
2140:
2137:
2135:
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2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2090:
2087:
2083:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2062:Stereo Camera
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2033:
2027:
2026:Retina Reflex
2024:
2023:
2021:
2017:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1976:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1961:
1959:
1955:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1925:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
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1842:
1836:
1833:
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1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1808:
1806:
1803:
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1798:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1742:
1738:
1735:
1731:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1715:
1714:Kodak Express
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1690:Eastman Kodak
1684:
1679:
1677:
1672:
1670:
1665:
1664:
1661:
1654:
1649:
1645:
1644:
1631:
1624:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1598:
1582:
1578:
1572:
1561:September 19,
1557:
1553:
1547:
1531:
1527:
1521:
1506:
1505:The Old Timey
1502:
1495:
1493:
1484:
1478:
1474:
1467:
1452:
1448:
1442:
1434:
1427:
1419:
1412:
1397:
1393:
1387:
1371:
1367:
1361:
1357:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1337:
1333:
1331:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1268:
1265:that map the
1264:
1259:
1249:
1247:
1243:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1214:
1210:
1201:
1191:
1188:
1180:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1156:
1155:
1151:
1146:This section
1144:
1140:
1135:
1134:
1126:
1124:
1119:
1115:
1107:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1067:Olympus Pen F
1064:
1063:Robot cameras
1060:
1055:
1053:
1047:
1045:
1041:
1040:image sensors
1037:
1033:
1024:
1016:
1007:
1005:
1001:
997:
992:
982:
979:
975:
970:
968:
962:
960:
956:
952:
948:
939:
934:
919:
916:
908:
897:
894:
890:
887:
883:
880:
876:
873:
869:
866: –
865:
861:
860:Find sources:
854:
850:
844:
843:
838:This section
836:
832:
827:
826:
818:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
794:
792:
784:
780:
770:
767:December 2019
758:
753:
744:
743:
735:
733:
728:
722:
719:
718:system camera
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
682:
680:
673:
672:system camera
669:
665:
655:
652:
644:
634:
630:
626:
620:
619:
615:
610:This section
608:
604:
599:
598:
590:
588:
584:
580:
576:
571:
569:
568:Agfacolor Neu
565:
561:
557:
553:
548:
544:
540:
536:
533:
529:
520:
510:
507:
499:
489:
485:
481:
475:
474:
470:
465:This section
463:
459:
454:
453:
445:
441:
439:
438:Oskar Barnack
435:
426:
417:
414:
410:
406:
404:
398:
393:
387:
382:
377:
374:
369:
367:
363:
359:
358:Thomas Edison
355:
346:
339:
334:
324:
321:
313:
303:
299:
295:
289:
288:
284:
279:This section
277:
273:
268:
267:
254:
252:
247:
245:
244:image sensors
241:
237:
233:
229:
228:medium format
225:
221:
217:
212:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
181:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
147:
140:
134:
124:
121:
113:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
4970:Film formats
4957:
4800:27000 series
2999:
2618:Sponsorships
2541:
2534:
2527:
2446:Kenneth Mees
2372:The Brownies
2364:
2178:Eastmancolor
2118:
1697:Subsidiaries
1623:
1606:
1597:
1585:. Retrieved
1581:the original
1571:
1559:. Retrieved
1555:
1546:
1534:. Retrieved
1520:
1508:. Retrieved
1504:
1472:
1466:
1454:. Retrieved
1450:
1441:
1432:
1426:
1417:
1411:
1399:. Retrieved
1395:
1386:
1374:. Retrieved
1370:the original
1360:
1334:
1327:
1325:telephotos.
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1293:
1290:focal length
1283:
1275:
1258:aspect ratio
1255:
1239:
1216:
1183:
1177:October 2021
1174:
1159:Please help
1147:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1089:). In 1998,
1071:rangefinders
1056:
1048:
1043:
1031:
1029:
1010:Image format
1004:false-colour
996:panchromatic
988:
971:
963:
943:
911:
902:
892:
885:
878:
871:
859:
847:Please help
842:verification
839:
799:Canon EOS-1V
795:
788:
764:
756:
723:
690:World War II
683:
676:
647:
638:
623:Please help
611:
586:
578:
574:
572:
567:
547:Kodak Retina
546:
542:
539:Kodak Retina
527:
525:
502:
493:
478:Please help
466:
442:
436:designed by
434:Leica Camera
431:
415:
411:
407:
378:
373:Leica camera
370:
351:
316:
307:
292:Please help
280:
248:
240:small format
239:
235:
232:large format
213:
182:
161:
157:
153:
152:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
4588:20000–29999
3740:10000–19999
2521:Court cases
2512:Kodak Tower
2390:DX encoding
2171:Color print
2085:Camera film
2000:Kodak 35 RF
1978:Rangefinder
1376:February 8,
1286:normal lens
1246:crop factor
1079:KMZ factory
1036:film format
974:DX encoding
686:Kine Exakta
679:single-lens
395: [
384: [
4964:Categories
4367:16949 (TS)
3964:11941 (TR)
2662:standards
2486:Building 9
2381:Technical
2324:Picture CD
2162:Kodachrome
2157:Ektachrome
2047:Instamatic
1964:Ciné-Kodak
1800:400 series
1795:300 series
1510:August 20,
1352:References
1303:wide angle
1223:trade mark
1091:Hasselblad
1059:half-frame
1044:full-frame
1032:135 format
976:six-digit
936:A roll of
875:newspapers
864:"135 film"
694:pentaprism
560:Kodachrome
532:Zeiss Ikon
371:While the
360:'s lab by
224:full frame
174:film gauge
162:35 mm
110:March 2014
80:newspapers
69:"135 film"
18:135 format
4322:15926 WIP
3686:9592/9593
3611:9000/9001
3499:8805/8806
2553:Processes
2383:standards
2339:Starmatic
2309:Kodascope
2294:KAF-10500
2279:Ektaprint
2057:Starflash
1990:Retinette
1845:EasyShare
1835:Pro SLR/n
1830:Pro SLR/c
1748:DC series
1615:1542-0337
1456:March 15,
1401:April 26,
1307:telephoto
1263:Instagram
1148:does not
1123:Ilford HP
1030:The term
905:June 2023
738:From 1996
612:does not
467:does not
392:Cent-Vues
281:does not
4947:Category
2672:List of
2349:Versamat
2274:Colorama
1995:Kodak 35
1653:135 film
1530:Archived
1340:See also
1046:format.
947:flocking
928:Cassette
815:Leica R9
813:for the
807:Leica M8
803:Nikon F6
783:Nikon F6
641:May 2015
583:darkroom
556:Argus C3
496:May 2015
310:May 2015
193:120 film
154:135 film
4848:29199-2
4720:23094-2
4715:23094-1
4705:23090-3
4574:19794-5
4569:19775-1
4357:16612-2
4347:16355-1
4036:13406-2
3994:12234-2
3762:10118-3
2599:Related
2334:S-mount
2299:Keykode
2289:Gallery
2207:B&W
2139:Super 8
2092:Formats
2042:Brownie
1825:Pro 14n
1740:Digital
1733:Cameras
1587:July 9,
1536:July 2,
1284:A true
1169:removed
1154:sources
1087:Horizon
1052:KS-1870
978:barcode
959:BH-1866
955:KS-1870
889:scholar
757:updated
732:big box
702:Miranda
668:Nikon F
633:removed
618:sources
488:removed
473:sources
302:removed
287:sources
257:History
178:cameras
172:with a
164:, is a
94:scholar
4862:30000+
3701:9797-1
3509:8820-5
3454:8501-1
3010:1073-2
3005:1073-1
2689:1–9999
2470:Places
2414:People
2344:Ultima
2269:Cineon
2198:Portra
2035:Others
2019:Reflex
2005:Signet
1985:Retina
1934:Pixpro
1927:Others
1908:DX7590
1903:DX6490
1898:DX6440
1893:DX4530
1888:CX4230
1883:CX4200
1761:DC3200
1719:Qualex
1613:
1479:
1319:medium
1299:normal
1294:normal
1280:Lenses
1271:Velvia
1233:, and
1101:Length
891:
884:
877:
870:
862:
585:. The
535:Contax
207:, and
166:format
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
4929:80000
4924:56000
4919:55000
4914:50001
4909:45001
4904:42010
4899:40500
4894:39075
4889:38500
4884:37001
4879:32000
4874:31000
4869:30170
4853:29500
4843:29148
4839:29110
4835:28000
4830:27729
4825:27006
4820:27005
4815:27002
4810:27001
4805:27000
4795:26324
4790:26300
4785:26262
4780:26000
4775:25964
4770:25178
4765:24728
4760:24707
4755:24617
4750:24613
4745:24517
4740:23941
4735:23360
4730:23271
4725:23270
4710:23092
4700:23009
4695:23008
4690:23003
4685:23000
4680:22537
4675:22395
4670:22301
4665:22300
4660:22275
4655:22000
4650:21827
4645:21500
4640:21122
4635:21047
4630:21001
4625:21000
4620:20830
4615:20802
4610:20400
4605:20121
4600:20022
4595:20000
4579:19831
4564:19770
4559:19757
4554:19752
4549:19600
4544:19510
4539:19509
4534:19508
4529:19507
4524:19506
4519:19505
4514:19503
4509:19502
4504:19501
4499:19500
4494:19439
4489:19407
4484:19136
4479:19125
4474:19115
4469:19114
4452:19092
4447:19011
4442:19005
4437:18916
4432:18629
4427:18245
4422:18181
4417:18014
4412:18004
4407:17799
4402:17506
4397:17442
4392:17369
4387:17203
4382:17100
4377:17025
4372:17024
4362:16750
4352:16485
4342:16262
4337:16023
4332:15938
4327:15930
4317:15926
4312:15924
4307:15919
4302:15897
4297:15707
4285:15706
4280:15693
4275:15686
4270:15511
4265:15504
4260:15438
4255:15445
4238:15444
4233:15408
4228:15398
4223:15291
4218:15288
4213:15189
4208:15022
4203:14971
4198:14882
4193:14764
4188:14698
4183:14651
4178:14649
4173:14644
4168:14617
4116:14496
4111:14443
4106:14396
4101:14289
4096:14224
4091:14031
4086:14000
4081:13818
4076:13816
4071:13616
4066:13584
4061:13568
4056:13567
4051:13490
4046:13485
4041:13450
4031:13399
4026:13250
4021:13216
4004:13211
3999:12620
3989:12207
3984:12182
3979:12052
3974:12006
3969:11992
3959:11941
3949:11940
3944:11898
3939:11889
3934:11801
3929:11785
3924:11784
3919:11783
3914:11544
3909:11404
3904:11179
3899:11172
3894:11170
3889:11073
3884:10967
3879:10962
3874:10957
3869:10861
3864:10746
3859:10664
3854:10646
3849:10628
3844:10589
3839:10585
3834:10383
3802:10303
3797:10279
3792:10218
3787:10206
3782:10179
3777:10165
3772:10161
3767:10160
3757:10116
3752:10007
3747:10006
2358:Media
2224:Tri-X
2219:T-MAX
2183:Ektar
2010:Ektra
1957:Movie
1853:C1013
1820:DCS 3
1815:DCS 1
1810:D6000
1805:D2000
1756:DC215
1330:APS-C
1242:APS-C
1235:Canon
1227:Leica
938:Kodak
896:JSTOR
882:books
710:Nikon
698:Asahi
552:Argus
420:Leica
399:]
388:]
338:Smena
185:Kodak
101:JSTOR
87:books
3827:-238
3731:9995
3726:9985
3721:9984
3716:9945
3711:9899
3706:9897
3696:9660
3691:9594
3681:9564
3676:9529
3671:9506
3666:9496
3661:9407
3656:9362
3651:9314
3646:9293
3641:9241
3636:9227
3631:9141
3626:9126
3621:9075
3616:9036
3606:8879
3559:-8-I
3514:8859
3504:8807
3494:8691
3489:8652
3484:8651
3479:8632
3474:8613
3469:8601
3464:8583
3459:8571
3449:8373
3444:8217
3439:8178
3434:8093
3429:8000
3424:7942
3419:7816
3414:7813
3409:7812
3404:7811
3399:7810
3394:7736
3389:7637
3377:7498
3372:7200
3367:7185
3362:7098
3357:7064
3352:7027
3347:7010
3342:7002
3337:7001
3332:6943
3327:6709
3322:6523
3317:6438
3312:6429
3307:6425
3302:6385
3297:6373
3292:6346
3287:6344
3282:6166
3277:5964
3272:5807
3267:5800
3262:5776
3257:5775
3252:5725
3247:5428
3242:5427
3237:5426
3232:5218
3227:4909
3222:4217
3217:4165
3212:4157
3207:4031
3202:3977
3197:3950
3192:3901
3187:3864
3182:3602
3177:3601
3172:3307
3167:3297
3145:3166
3140:3103
3135:3029
3130:2921
3125:2852
3120:2848
3115:2788
3110:2720
3105:2711
3100:2709
3095:2533
3090:2281
3085:2240
3080:2146
3075:2145
3070:2108
3065:2047
3060:2033
3055:2022
3050:2015
3045:2014
3040:1989
3035:1745
3030:1629
3025:1538
3020:1413
3015:1155
3000:1007
2995:1004
2990:1000
2813:68-1
2580:K-14
2575:RA-4
2565:C-41
2560:C-22
2134:Disc
2052:Pony
1918:V570
1913:P880
1878:C813
1873:C613
1868:C340
1863:C330
1858:C300
1782:DSLR
1709:Creo
1611:ISSN
1589:2015
1563:2021
1538:2013
1512:2024
1477:ISBN
1458:2018
1403:2024
1378:2009
1323:long
1231:Sony
1211:and
1152:any
1150:cite
1121:The
1095:Fuji
1093:and
868:news
700:and
616:any
614:cite
577:and
564:AGFA
471:any
469:cite
432:The
285:any
283:cite
230:and
218:and
73:news
4161:-20
4156:-17
4151:-14
4146:-12
4141:-11
4136:-10
3822:-28
3817:-22
3812:-21
3807:-11
3599:-16
3594:-15
3589:-14
3584:-13
3579:-12
3574:-11
3569:-10
2985:999
2980:965
2975:898
2970:860
2965:843
2960:838
2955:764
2950:732
2945:704
2940:690
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2833:226
2828:217
2823:216
2818:128
2806:-13
2801:-12
2796:-11
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2660:ISO
2570:E-6
2314:KPR
2129:828
2124:616
2119:135
2114:127
2109:126
2104:120
2099:110
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1771:DCS
1163:by
991:ISO
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851:by
712:'s
627:by
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579:435
575:235
528:135
482:by
296:by
251:ISO
238:or
209:APS
205:110
201:126
197:828
168:of
160:or
56:by
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4009:-1
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3534:-4
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2913:-5
2908:-3
2903:-2
2898:-1
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2781:-8
2776:-7
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2756:-3
2751:-1
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2680:–
2676:–
1779:EF
1775:NF
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