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Seventy-four (ship)

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152: 837: 204: 100: 404: 919: 126: 457: 165: 191: 178: 139: 87: 35: 446:) on the upper works. Crew size was around 500 to 750 men depending on design, circumstances and nationality, with British ships tending to have smaller crews than other navies. The French had large and small seventy-fours, called "grand modĂšle" and "petit modĂšle", the waterline length of a "grand modĂšle" seventy-four could be up to 182 feet. This was copied by the Royal Navy in about two dozen such ships of its own, such as 113: 489:
tendency to flex and sag over time. Increased maintenance could counter this to some extent, but this was of course costly. This limited the success of the even bigger two-deck 80-gun ships that were built in small numbers after the seventy-four had been introduced. Three-deckers did not have the same problem due to their additional deck giving more rigidity.
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had done earlier. This great firepower was combined with very good sailing qualities compared to both the taller three-deckers and the shorter old-style 70-gun two-deckers, making the 74 the perfect combination of the two. A disadvantage of the 74 was that it was relatively expensive to build and man
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Lengthening the hull by one gun port, allowing one additional gun per side on the lower and upper gun deck and on the quarterdeck produced the 80-gun ship. Given the construction techniques of the day, the seventy-four approached the limits of what was possible. Such long hulls made from wood had a
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and was greatly impressed by them compared to its own smallish 70-gun ships. As a result, it started building them in great numbers from about 1760, as did most other navies. Navies that were restricted by shallow waters, such as the Dutch and Scandinavian navies, at least early on tended to avoid
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of most major fleets into the early 19th century. From the 1820s, they began to be replaced by larger two-decked ships mounting more guns. However, some seventy-fours remained in service until the late 19th century, when they were finally supplanted by
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The significance of the 74s however is hard to overstate, as shown by a summary of the ships of the line for all nations that were in commission at any time during the Revolutionary/Napoleonic Wars period.
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The design was considered a good balance between firepower and sailing qualities. Hundreds of seventy-fours were constructed, becoming the dominant form of ship-of-the-line. They remained the
899: 872: 520:, preferring smaller two-deckers instead. Even so, the seventy-four was a standard feature in all European navies around 1800. Only a handful of 74-gun ships were commissioned into the 881: 863: 908: 890: 1143:, 1973. Four volumes document every aspect of the French 74, from shipyard construction techniques to handling under sail. Many large diagrams and drawings. 439: 1185: 1081: 359:
Standardising on a common ship size was an appealing ideal for naval administrators and bureaucrats. Although the seventy-four was a common type, the
2481: 535:, when improved building techniques made it possible to build even bigger two-deckers of 84 or even 90 guns without sacrificing hull rigidity. 957: 1072:-class ships were on the Arsenal's docks when Bonaparte's troops plundered it in 1797. The French launched one of these ships, naming her 1084:. The remaining three ships were destroyed and scrapped by the French occupation forces during 1797. See Ercole (2011), pp. 258–260. 453:
where they were known as Large, while the other seventy-fours built to be between 166–171 feet (51–52 m) were known as Common.
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were not identical, even within the same navy. In the period 1750–1790, seventy-fours could measure from just under 2,000 to 3,000
1077: 1178: 948: 508: 1120: 799: 46: 639: 1043: 930:. Detail from a print by Gianmaria Maffioletti, which depicts the Arsenal in May 1797, right before the French plunder. ( 774: 826: 387:
The first 74-gun ships were constructed by the French as they rebuilt their navy during the early years of the reign of
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exist, produced as part of constructing the real ships, and thus believed accurate both externally and internally.
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in the 1740s, replacing earlier classes of 60- and 62-gun ships, as a larger complement to the recently developed
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No ship of this class was ever launched by the Venetians, hence the lack of a native name. Four of the
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big enough to carry the largest common type of gun (36-pounders) on the lower gun deck, something only
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Navies and nations: Warships, navies and state building in Europe and America, 1500–1860.
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Vascelli e fregate della Serenissima. Navi di linea della Marina veneziana 1652–1797.
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The Royal Navy captured a number of the early French 74-gun ships during the
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Les vaisseaux de 74 Ă  120 canons : Ă©tude historique, 1650–1850
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Geometric and scenographic projection of a Venetian 74-gun
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the 74-gun ship to a certain degree due to its size and
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Inner arrangement of a Russian 74-gun ship. Elements of
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Almqvist & Wiksell International, Stockholm. 1993.
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of a French 74-gun ship from 1755 (1/24th scale model)
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The last seventy-four, the French Trafalgar veteran
524:; the US Navy's early sea power concentrated on its 375:) used on the upper deck. Some seventy-fours of the 340:quickly adopted similar designs, classing them as 2468: 1179: 1186: 1172: 400:compared to the older type of two-decker. 1139:(Naval Institute Press, 1986) originally 917: 835: 492: 455: 402: 2482:Vehicles introduced in the 18th century 382: 45:, a typical French seventy-four of the 14: 2469: 1167: 473:1st & 2nd rates (90-130 guns) 156 391:. The new ship type was a very large 52:at the beginning of the 19th century. 1154:A seventy-four gun ship scaled model 548:, Greenwich. In addition, dozens of 531:The type fell into disuse after the 24: 1126: 483: 25: 2508: 1147: 1033:, Hutchinson, London, 1984, p. 10 1031:Building the wooden fighting ship 1029:Dodds, James & Moore, James, 202: 189: 176: 163: 150: 137: 124: 111: 98: 85: 33: 1044:"ĐŸĐ°Ń€ŃƒŃĐœŃ‹Đč Ń„Đ»ĐŸŃ‚ – бопы ĐšĐŸŃ€Đ°Đ±Đ»Đ”Đč" 844:-class ship, late 18th century. 509:first battle of Cape Finisterre 1062: 1046:. Dec 26, 2008. Archived from 1036: 1023: 1010: 1001: 992: 643:-class ship of the line (1763) 499:War of the Austrian Succession 258:161–182 ft (49–55 m) 13: 1: 1159:A seventy-four gun ship model 1091: 1016:Jean Boudriot, Hubert Berti, 476:3rd rate 74s (70–90 guns) 408 2385:Bristol Channel pilot cutter 1082:Italian Campaign (1796–1797) 414:The 74-gun ship carried 28 ( 7: 1020:, ANCRE, Paris, 1995, p. 12 942: 10: 2513: 848: 560: 555: 2448: 2377: 2331: 2265: 2149: 2129: 2056: 1965: 1909: 1815: 1769: 1681: 1581: 1566: 1397: 1313: 1237: 1206: 1137:The Seventy-Four Gun Ship 1135:, transl. David Roberts, 784: 479:4th rate (60–68 guns) 199 228: 57: 32: 2497:Naval sailing ship types 2492:Ship of the line classes 2079:Iron-hulled sailing ship 1141:Le Vaisseau de 74 Canons 985: 546:National Maritime Museum 27:Type of ship of the line 1888:Square-rigged caravel ( 998:Glete (1993), pp. 83–86 979:-class ship of the line 970:-class ship of the line 961:-class ship of the line 952:-class ship of the line 912:-class ship of the line 903:-class ship of the line 894:-class ship of the line 885:-class ship of the line 876:-class ship of the line 867:-class ship of the line 858:-class ship of the line 830:-class ship of the line 821:-class ship of the line 803:-class ship of the line 794:-class ship of the line 778:-class ship of the line 769:-class ship of the line 760:-class ship of the line 751:-class ship of the line 742:-class ship of the line 733:-class ship of the line 724:-class ship of the line 715:-class ship of the line 706:-class ship of the line 697:-class ship of the line 688:-class ship of the line 679:-class ship of the line 670:-class ship of the line 661:-class ship of the line 652:-class ship of the line 634:-class ship of the line 625:-class ship of the line 606:-class ship of the line 597:-class ship of the line 588:-class ship of the line 579:-class ship of the line 570:-class ship of the line 229:General characteristics 939: 845: 465: 411: 379:only carried 70 guns. 305:28–30 × 18-24-pounders 266:46 ft (14 m) 132:Royal Netherlands Navy 2420:Pinnace (ship's boat) 1782:Chinese treasure ship 959:San Lorenzo Zustinian 922:Venetian 74-gun ship 921: 839: 493:74s in the Royal Navy 459: 406: 308:14–18 × 6-12-pounders 274:23 ft (7 m) 197:Imperial Russian Navy 2435:Thames sailing barge 2266:Recreational vessels 1050:on December 26, 2008 932:Naval History Museum 383:First 74-gun designs 2477:1740s introductions 2456:Nautical operations 2390:Floating restaurant 2278:Ljungström sailboat 1858:Full-rigged pinnace 1115:GMT, Trento. 2011. 1007:Glete (1993), p. 84 302:28 × 24-36-pounders 1573:and other vessels 1567:Naval and merchant 1080:killed during the 940: 846: 522:United States Navy 507:, captured at the 466: 412: 320:was a type of two- 2487:Ships of the line 2464: 2463: 2293:Sailing hydrofoil 2145: 2144: 2064:Blackwall frigate 1987:Baltimore Clipper 1121:978-88-905651-4-4 1076:, in memory of a 928:Arsenal of Venice 511:in 1747) and the 314: 313: 171:Royal Danish Navy 158:Two Sicilies Navy 16:(Redirected from 2504: 2033:Ship of the line 1957:Ship of the line 1579: 1578: 1575:(by origin date) 1354:Full-rigged ship 1255:Fore-and-aft rig 1224:Age of Discovery 1219:Maritime history 1188: 1181: 1174: 1165: 1164: 1085: 1066: 1060: 1059: 1057: 1055: 1040: 1034: 1027: 1021: 1014: 1008: 1005: 999: 996: 977:So-called "1780" 513:Seven Years' War 326:ship of the line 238:ship of the line 208: 206: 205: 195: 193: 192: 182: 180: 179: 169: 167: 166: 156: 154: 153: 143: 141: 140: 130: 128: 127: 117: 115: 114: 104: 102: 101: 91: 89: 88: 37: 30: 29: 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327: 323: 319: 307: 304: 301: 300: 299: 296: 295: 291: 288: 287: 284: 281: 278: 277: 273: 270: 269: 265: 262: 261: 257: 254: 253: 250: 246: 243: 242: 239: 236: 233: 232: 227: 223: 221:In commission 220: 219: 213: 211: 210:Venetian Navy 200: 198: 187: 185: 174: 172: 161: 159: 148: 146: 135: 133: 122: 120: 109: 107: 96: 94: 83: 82: 81: 78: 77: 73: 70: 69: 65: 62: 61: 56: 51: 49: 44: 43: 36: 31: 19: 2405:Norfolk punt 2283:Mast aft rig 2192:Herring buss 2116:West Country 2038:Sloop-of-war 2027: 1893: 1889: 1823:Crommesteven 1316:sailing rigs 1290:Mast aft rig 1238:Sailing rigs 1198:vessels and 1140: 1136: 1112: 1098: 1097:Glete, Jan, 1073: 1069: 1064: 1052:. Retrieved 1048:the original 1038: 1030: 1025: 1017: 1012: 1003: 994: 976: 967: 958: 949: 923: 909: 901:Three Saints 900: 891: 882: 874:Svyatoy Petr 873: 864: 855: 841: 827: 818: 809: 800: 791: 776:Black Prince 775: 766: 757: 748: 739: 730: 721: 712: 703: 694: 685: 676: 667: 658: 649: 640: 631: 622: 613: 603: 594: 585: 576: 567: 539: 537: 530: 503: 496: 487: 467: 449: 413: 386: 365:tons burthen 361:ship classes 358: 346: 334:64-gun ships 317: 315: 247:2,000–3,000 244:Tons burthen 184:Swedish Navy 119:Spanish Navy 47: 41: 2400:Mersey flat 2378:Other types 2167:Barca-longa 2069:Down Easter 1706:Bomb vessel 1658:K'un-lun po 1636:Quadriremes 1621:Penteconter 1508:Quadrimaran 1329:Barquentine 1245:Bermuda rig 1214:Age of Sail 614:Bellerophon 550:ship models 444:12-pounders 432:24-pounders 420:36-pounders 416:24-pounders 377:Danish navy 342:third rates 330:French navy 292:500–700 men 224:1740s–1810s 93:French Navy 2471:Categories 2364:Treenailed 2344:Lashed lug 2339:Inflatable 2318:Windsurfer 2303:Sportsboat 2252:Well smack 2121:Windjammer 2048:Trincadour 2018:Padewakang 1868:Man-of-war 1807:Trabaccolo 1746:Malangbang 1548:Vaka katea 1498:Pentamaran 1339:Brigantine 1300:Square rig 1295:Pinisi rig 1275:Lateen rig 1265:Gunter rig 1229:Navigation 1092:References 954:(16 ships) 810:Redoutable 504:Invincible 393:two-decker 373:carronades 338:Royal Navy 289:Complement 106:Royal Navy 2359:Tall ship 2187:Gableboat 2101:Leti leti 2091:Janggolan 2023:Post ship 1894:de armada 1883:Speronara 1611:Fire ship 1543:Va'a-tele 1468:Kora kora 1433:Catamaran 1399:Multihull 1305:Tanja rig 1250:Crab claw 1207:Overviews 1194:Types of 860:(4 ships) 828:SĂ©duisant 801:TĂ©mĂ©raire 796:(2 ships) 758:Swiftsure 695:Courageux 659:Royal Oak 650:Elizabeth 632:Ramillies 612:HMS  572:(7 ships) 448:HMS  426:, 28–30 ( 408:Broadside 369:long guns 354:ironclads 279:Sail plan 79:Operators 48:TĂ©mĂ©raire 2313:Wharrams 2232:Sixareen 2227:Nordland 2222:Patorani 2008:Gundalow 1993:Gallivat 1978:Chialoup 1973:Bilander 1922:Corvette 1838:Galleass 1797:Lancaran 1756:Tongkang 1741:Longship 1691:Balinger 1591:Balangay 1538:Ungalawa 1533:Trimaran 1528:Tongiaki 1523:Tipairua 1374:Schooner 1270:Junk rig 1260:Gaff rig 943:Venetian 924:Vittoria 883:Selafail 865:Yaroslav 668:Culloden 604:Arrogant 577:Hercules 526:frigates 450:Colossus 436:gun deck 424:gun deck 389:Louis XV 349:mainstay 324:sailing 297:Armament 283:ship rig 74:Numerous 71:Builders 2449:Related 2247:Tartane 2197:Jangada 2177:Felucca 2172:FalkuĆĄa 2130:20th c. 2084:Warship 2074:Golekan 2057:19th c. 1983:Clipper 1966:18th c. 1952:Polacca 1932:Frigate 1910:17th c. 1878:Patache 1873:Manchua 1848:Flyboat 1833:Galleon 1816:16th c. 1787:Caravel 1777:Carrack 1770:15th c. 1736:Kondura 1701:Birlinn 1631:Trireme 1583:Ancient 1518:Tepukei 1473:Lakatoi 1463:Karakoa 1443:Guilalo 1428:Camakau 1413:Amatasi 1401:vessels 1369:Mistico 1344:Catboat 1285:Lug rig 1196:sailing 1074:Laharpe 1054:Aug 24, 926:in the 910:Ezekiel 849:Russian 792:Annibal 767:Vengeur 749:Repulse 731:America 595:Bellona 586:Valiant 561:British 556:Classes 518:draught 271:Draught 42:Achille 2440:Wherry 2415:Pausik 2273:Dinghy 2217:Mayang 2212:Masula 2207:Lugger 2202:Jukung 2106:Palari 2028:74-gun 2013:Lanong 1937:Galeas 1863:Lorcha 1828:Galiot 1792:Ghurab 1751:Shitik 1696:Benawa 1646:Dromon 1626:Bireme 1616:Galley 1478:Lanong 1448:Jukung 1418:Baurua 1349:Cutter 1324:Barque 1119:  1105:  1070:"1780" 968:Corona 936:Venice 805:(107) 785:French 722:PompĂ©e 686:Ganges 677:Alfred 641:Albion 623:Canada 568:Dublin 322:decked 255:Length 207:  194:  181:  168:  155:  142:  129:  116:  103:  90:  66:74-gun 18:74-gun 2395:Fusta 2349:Razee 2323:Yacht 2242:Smack 2237:Sgoth 2182:Fifie 2157:Bagan 2111:Tamar 2096:Lambo 1998:Garay 1901:Xebec 1890:round 1853:Fluyt 1843:Ghali 1761:Zabra 1726:Knarr 1668:Mtepe 1596:Boita 1553:Vinta 1513:Takia 1493:Paraw 1458:Kalia 1423:Bigiw 1408:Ê»alia 1379:Sloop 1364:Ketch 986:Notes 892:Anapa 819:CĂ©sar 608:(12) 442:– to 430:– to 418:– to 50:class 2430:Scow 2425:Pram 2369:ULDB 2354:Sewn 2257:Yoal 2162:Bago 2043:Toop 2003:Grab 1947:Pink 1942:Koff 1731:Koch 1721:Jong 1716:Hulk 1663:Lepa 1653:Junk 1606:Dhow 1503:Proa 1488:Pahi 1453:Kaep 1438:Drua 1389:Yawl 1384:Snow 1334:Brig 1200:rigs 1117:ISBN 1103:ISBN 1056:2019 963:(29) 914:(25) 896:(11) 887:(23) 869:(19) 771:(40) 740:Fame 713:Ajax 704:Mars 462:SanĂ© 316:The 263:Beam 234:Type 63:Name 1892:or 1802:Hoy 1711:Cog 1673:Uru 1314:By 981:(4) 972:(1) 905:(7) 878:(7) 832:(2) 823:(3) 780:(4) 762:(2) 753:(8) 744:(4) 735:(2) 726:(2) 717:(2) 708:(2) 699:(6) 690:(6) 681:(4) 672:(8) 663:(6) 654:(8) 645:(5) 636:(9) 627:(4) 599:(5) 590:(2) 581:(2) 2473:: 1558:Wa 938:). 934:, 528:. 428:18 356:. 249:bm 1989:) 1985:( 1896:) 1187:e 1180:t 1173:v 1058:. 440:6 20:)

Index

74-gun

Achille
Téméraire class
French Navy
Royal Navy
Spanish Navy
Royal Netherlands Navy
Portuguese Navy
Two Sicilies Navy
Royal Danish Navy
Swedish Navy
Imperial Russian Navy
Venetian Navy
ship of the line
bm
ship rig
decked
ship of the line
French navy
64-gun ships
Royal Navy
third rates
mainstay
ironclads
ship classes
tons burthen
long guns
carronades
Danish navy

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