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1006:. In Act IV, Scene VI, Edgar persuades the blinded Earl of Gloucester that he is at the edge of a cliff at Dover. In Act IV, Scene I, Lines 76–8, Gloucester says, "There is a cliff, whose high and bending head looks fearfully in the confinèd deep: Bring me but to the very brim of it." Edgar then fools Gloucester into thinking he is at the cliff edge and describes the scene: "Here's the place! – stand still – how fearful/ And dizzy 'tis, to cast one's eye so low ... halfway down/Hangs one that gathers samphire: dreadful trade!/Methinks he seems no bigger than his head." (Act IV, Scene VI, Lines 11–16).
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898:" celebrated her 100th birthday in 2017. That year she led a campaign for donations to buy 170 acres (0.7 km) of land atop Dover's cliffs when it was feared that they might be sold to developers; the campaign met its target after only three weeks. The National Trust, which owns the surrounding areas, plans to return the land to a natural state of chalk grassland and preserve existing military structures from the Second World War. In June 2021, a wildflower meadow on White Cliffs of Dover was named in honour of Dame Vera Lynn.
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383:, the skeletons of tiny algae that floated in the surface waters and sank to the bottom and, together with the remains of bottom-living creatures, formed muddy sediments. It is thought that the sediments were deposited very slowly, probably half a millimetre a year, equivalent to about 180 coccoliths piled one on top of another. Up to 500 metres (1,600 ft) of sediments were deposited in some areas. The weight of overlying sediments caused the deposits to become consolidated into
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milk the sugary secretions from the larval "honey glands" and, in return, protect the larvae from predators and parasitoids, even going so far as to bury them at night. The larvae pupate in the upper soil, and continue to be protected by the ants, often in their nests, until the adults emerge in the spring or autumn.
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calls the cliffs "an icon of
Britain", with "the white chalk face a symbol of home and wartime defence." Because crossing at Dover was the primary route to the continent before the advent of air travel, the white line of cliffs also formed the first or last sight of Britain for travellers. During the
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The castle had renewed importance in the 1740s as the development of heavy artillery made capturing ports an important part of warfare. During the
Napoleonic Wars, in particular, the defences were remodelled and a series of tunnels were dug into the cliff to act as barracks, adding space for an extra
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Thousands of years ago, the cliffs were eroding at 20–60 mm (0.75–2.3 in) a year. Research shows that the erosion rate over the last 150 years has increased to 220–320 mm (8.7–12.6 in) a year, and that the erosion is caused by the loss of beach underneath the cliffs exacerbated by
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can be seen. Hardgrounds are thought to reflect disruptions in the steady accumulation of sediment when sedimentation ceased and/or the loose surface sediments were stripped away by currents or slumping, exposing the older hardened chalk sediment. A single hardground may have been exhumed 16 or more
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from France in 1942 during the Second World War, the museum lost much of its collections, including nearly all its natural history collections. Much of the surviving material was left neglected in caves and other stores until 1946. In 1948 a temporary museum was opened and in 1991 a new museum of
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coast. The area consists of a layer of fine sand approximately 82 ft (25 m) deep resting on a chalk platform belonging to the same geological feature that incorporates the White Cliffs of Dover. More than 2,000 ships are believed to have been wrecked on the
Goodwin Sands because they lie
434:
breached the anticline and destroyed the ridge that connected
Britain to Europe. A land connection across the southern North Sea existed intermittently at later times when periods of glaciation resulted in lower sea levels. At the end of the last glacial period, around 10,000 years ago, rising sea
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and includes a reference to this trade with the lines "Half-way down / Hangs one that gathers samphire; dreadful trade!" (Act IV, Scene VI Lines 14–15). This refers to the dangers involved in collecting rock samphire on sea cliffs. Shakespeare Cliff was named after the reference to this "dreadful
961:. There is an education shelter with a classroom and exhibition area. Staff and volunteers are available to answer questions and provide information about the wildlife in the reserve. The building's design incorporates eco-construction criteria. The nature reserve is named after the edible plant
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with red or black ants. The eggs are laid singly on very small foodplants growing in short turf. This provides a warm microclimate, suitable for larval development, which is also favoured by ants. The caterpillar has green and yellow stripes to provide camouflage while it feeds on vetch. The ants
518:
environment above the cliffs is excellent for many species of wild flowers, butterflies and birds, and has been designated a
Special Area of Conservation and a Site of Special Scientific Interest. Rangers and volunteers work to clear invasive plants that threaten the native flora. A grazing
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had built artillery forts along the coast. Dover Castle was captured in 1642 during the Civil War when the townspeople climbed the cliffs and surprised the royalist garrison, giving a symbolic victory against royal control. Towards the end of the war many castles were
1175:'s song "We Both Go Down Together" opens with a couple standing on the cliffs, presumably about to jump: "Here on these cliffs of Dover/So high you can't see over/And while your head is spinning/Hold tight, it's just beginning." The song appears on their 2005 album
1168:
refers to the cliffs most likely via
Shakespeare or Matthew Arnold: "Threw up on the ferry ride from Calais back to Dover/As pale as the white cliffs that we faced/Wasn’t afraid, eventualities, just knew that it was over/No brushes with death could keep us
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survives from this era, one of a pair at Dover which helped shipping navigate the port. It is likely the area around the surviving lighthouse was inhabited in the early medieval period as archaeologists have found a Saxon cemetery here, and the church of
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encouraged U.S. entry into World War II. The poem was extremely successful on both sides of the
Atlantic, selling nearly one million copies – an unusual number for a book of verse. It was broadcast and recorded by British-American actress
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762:, the largest castle in England, was founded in the 11th century. It has been described as the "Key to England" owing to its defensive significance throughout history. The castle was founded by
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can be seen in spring and again in autumn. Males have vibrant blue wings lined with a white margin, whereas the females are a rich chocolate brown. This species' sole larval food plant is the
379:, between 100 million and 66 million years ago, Great Britain and much of Europe were submerged under a great sea. The sea bottom was covered with white mud formed from fragments of
234:, on a clear day the cliffs are visible from France, approximately 20 miles (32 km) away. A celebrated UK landmark, the cliffs have featured on commemorative postage stamps issued by the
1652:
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in 1868 and published later that year. The piece reconstructs the geological history of Great
Britain from a simple piece of chalk and demonstrates science as "organized common sense".
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is an unusual plant that lives on the roots of a host plant. It has yellow, white, or blue snapdragon-like flowers and about 90 per cent of the UK's population is found on the cliffs.
149:
1731:"Chunks of the White Cliffs of Dover collapse into the sea | Fri, Feb 05 Part of the iconic White Cliffs of Dover dropping into the English Channel was caught on camera on Feb. 3"
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The cliffs are the first landing point for many migratory birds flying inland from across the
English Channel. After a 120-year absence, in 2009 it was reported that
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the microscopic quartz crystals. Quartz silica filled cavities left by dead marine creatures which are found as flint fossils, especially the internal moulds of
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has been established to help to clear faster-growing invasive plants, allowing smaller, less robust native plants to survive. The ponies are managed by the
867:(approximately 20 miles (32 km) between coasts), where invasions have historically threatened and against which the cliffs form a symbolic guard. The
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the castle was held by King John's soldiers and besieged by the French between May 1216 and May 1217. The castle was also besieged in 1265 during the
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stronger storms and human activity such as gravel extraction. Despite this, the cliffs are expected to survive for tens of thousands of years more.
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has been discovered at Dover, on the site of the later castle. The area was also inhabited during the Roman period when Dover was used as a port.
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and tells the story of either a joint suicide or a murder-suicide; the unreliable narrator is a "sociopath," according to the song's writer,
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Brereton, Tom M.; Warren, Martin S.; Roy, David B.; Stewart, Katherine (20 July 2007). "The changing status of the
Chalkhill Blue butterfly
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355:, houses a restaurant, an information centre on the work of the National Trust, and details of local archaeology, history and landscape.
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is approximately 20 miles (32 km) across. On a clear day the cliffs are visible from the French coast. The chalk cliffs of the
919:
three storeys, built behind its original Victorian façade, was opened. In 1999, a new gallery on the second floor centred on the
2380:
Catellarium Anglicanum: An Index and Bibliography of the Castles in England, Wales and the Islands. Volume I: Anglesey–Montgomery
1971:
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and France. The cliff face, which reaches a height of 350 feet (110 m), owes its striking appearance to its composition of
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1940:
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The cliffs have great symbolic value in Britain because they face towards continental Europe across the narrowest part of the
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590:, which make an annual migration to continental Europe, many of them crossing the English Channel at least twice a year.
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saw the welcoming sight of the cliffs. In the summer of 1940, reporters gathered at Shakespeare Cliff to watch aerial
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296:
265:
498:, fell into the Channel. Further large sections collapsed on 15 March 2012, 4 February 2020, and on 3 February 2021.
430:. The land masses remained connected until between 450,000 and 180,000 years ago when at least two catastrophic
1777:
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351:. In 1999 a sustainable National Trust visitor centre was built in the area. The Gateway building, designed by
987:
is a series of tunnels constructed during World War II. The tunnels were opened to the public on 20 July 2015.
778:. This expanded the castle to its current size, taking its curtain walls to the edge of the cliffs. During the
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1077:" in 1969. The song included the line "Wandering I am lost, as I travel along the White Cliffs of Dover."
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is a nature reserve on a new piece of land created from the rock excavated during the construction of the
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786:. In the 16th century, cannons were installed at the castle, but it became less important militarily as
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677:, a chalk grassland specialist that can be seen in July and August. Threatened species include the
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and Dover from the International Space Station, showing the White Cliffs and the tracks of ferries
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625:, a showy plant in vivid shades of blue and purple with red stamens, also grows along the cliffs.
1977:
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1653:“The sea is swallowing the White Cliffs of Dover at faster rates, thanks to thinned beachfronts”
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which is composed of the remains of sea sponges and siliceous planktonic micro-organisms that
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613:, which has yellow-green to brownish green petals and looks like the body of a large spider.
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965:, which grows on the cliffs and used to be gathered by hanging ropes over the cliff's edge.
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The abundance of wildflowers provides homes for about thirty species of butterfly. The rare
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is an edible, salt tolerant succulent plant that grows on the cliff's slopes. The oxtongue
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8:
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371:, France, evidence of a land connection between England and France in prehistoric times.
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are not indigenous to the UK, some believe that bluebirds, as mentioned in the classic
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1906:
1626:"Discovering Fossils - Introducing the Paleontology of Great Britain: Dover (Kent)"
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The White Cliffs have long been a landmark for sailors. It is noted as such in the
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836:
826:. Goodwin Sands is a 10-mile-long (16 km) sandbank at the southern end of the
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559:
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204:, stretch for eight miles (13 km). The White Cliffs of Dover form part of the
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One of the most famous references in English literature to the White Cliffs is in
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Vintage photo taken by Walter Mittelholzer, Swiss photographer and aviator, 1933
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2157:"Wildflower meadow on White Cliffs of Dover named in honour of Dame Vera Lynn"
1910:
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The cliffs are part of the coastline of Kent in England between approximately
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1918:
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1508:"Visitor Centre, White Cliffs of Dover van Heyningen & Haward Architects"
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2,000 soldiers. The tunnels mostly lay abandoned until the Second World War.
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693:, black and white with a white wing border, can be seen from June to August.
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126:
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1897:
in the UK: the impacts of conservation policies and environmental factors".
1316:
1061:(with a symphonic accompaniment), and the story was made into the 1944 film
418:, the British Isles were part of continental Europe, linked by the unbroken
367:
The cliffs' multiple layers of flint match those seen across the channel at
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1113:
911:
759:
714:
583:
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414:, the sea-floor deposits were raised above sea level. Until the end of the
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2199:, publ. Dover District Council and White Cliffs Countryside Project, 2008
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is abundant. The rarest of the birds that live along the cliffs is the
462:, and sponges can be found in the chalk deposits, as can sharks' teeth.
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1669:“The Historic White Cliffs Of Dover Would Likely Vanish, Study Reveals”
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422:, a ridge that acted as a natural dam to hold back a large freshwater
208:. A section of coastline encompassing the cliffs was purchased by the
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had returned to the cliffs. Similar in appearance but smaller, the
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30:
This article is about the geographical feature. For other uses, see
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1303:, a name for Britain possibly derived from the colour of the cliffs
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894:, known as "The Forces' Sweetheart" for her 1942 wartime classic "
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337:
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931:
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National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty
2277:
Wolfle, Dael (12 May 1967). "Huxley's Classic of Explanation".
1300:
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The cliffs' chalk face shows horizontal bands of dark-coloured
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was built next to the lighthouse in the 10th or 11th century.
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are several varieties of orchids, the rarest of which is the
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197:
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1995:
822:, which was once used to warn ships approaching the nearby
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201:
160:
2066:"South Foreland Lighthouse: The History of the Lighthouse"
562:
also makes its home on the cliffs. The cliffs are home to
450:
echinoids. Several different ocean floor species such as
843:. It went out of service in 1988 and is now owned by the
2132:"Dame Vera Lynn white cliffs of Dover campaign hits ÂŁ1m"
2019:
1892:
1810:"Grazing Exmoor ponies to protect County Durham flowers"
1776:. Grazing Animals Project. 18 April 2012. Archived from
1712:"BBC News - White Cliffs of Dover suffer large collapse"
953:. It covers a 74-acre (30 ha) site at the foot of
494:
In 2001, a large chunk of the cliff edge, as large as a
470:
times before the sediments were compacted and hardened (
1794:"Wildlife Conservation of Local Downland and Heathland"
1392:. Sites of Special Scientific Interest. Natural England
818:
is a Victorian-era lighthouse on the South Foreland in
582:", composed by American artists, may actually refer to
2112:
1363:"White cliffs of Dover to be bought by National Trust"
1082:(There'll Be Bluebirds Over) The White Cliffs of Dover
896:(There'll Be Bluebirds Over) The White Cliffs of Dover
737:(meaning 'white') as an allusion to the white cliffs.
580:(There'll Be Bluebirds Over) The White Cliffs of Dover
2043:
2031:
1951:
1545:
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In some areas, layers of soft, grey chalk known as a
2207:
2205:
1687:"White cliffs of Dover go crashing into the Channel"
872:
Second World War, thousands of allied troops on the
2197:
Shakespeare Cliff - A People's History 1843 to 1973
1835:
1833:
1831:
1434:"UK landmarks featured on new collection of stamps"
2424:
2223:
2007:
1579:
1506:
1412:"Designated Sites View: Dover to Kingsdown Cliffs"
1390:"Designated Sites View: Dover to Kingsdown Cliffs"
1199:British Association for the Advancement of Science
340:in France are part of the same geological system.
2213:"White Cliffs of Dover Discover The White Cliffs"
2202:
1529:"White Cliffs of Dover Discover The White Cliffs"
1035:Gleams, and is gone: the cliffs of England stand,
1032:Upon the straits:- on the French coast, the light
749:Dover Castle with the cliffs in the foreground —
673:Similar in appearance, but more abundant, is the
435:levels finally severed the last land connection.
324:, at the point where Great Britain is closest to
2497:
1828:
1414:. Special Area of Conservation. Natural England
1092:to lyrics by Nat Burton. It was made famous by
884:between German and British aircraft during the
2476:Aerial view of the cliffs and surrounding area
2358:Dictionary of Medieval Knighthood and Chivalry
1551:"Helen Czerski - Coccolithophores and Calcium"
1038:Glimmering and vast, out in the tranquil bay."
1019:" by epitomizing the beauty of the Kent coast:
689:can be seen from February until November. The
2377:
2001:
1749:"National Trust at The White Cliffs of Dover"
667:Chalkhill blue; male on left, female on right
410:, a major mountain building event during the
86:
2060:
2058:
1796:. Sussex Pony Grazing and Conservation Trust
1766:
926:
802:
2270:
2257:The Decemberists – We Both Go Down Together
535:to maintain vegetation on nature reserves.
477:
1619:
1617:
1486:. The White Cliffs Countryside Partnership
1165:Down In The Weeds Where The World Once Was
1112:"The first land we sighted was called the
2355:
2103:
2055:
2025:
1648:
1646:
1484:"Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty]"
1459:"Royal Mail unveils new 1st class stamps"
990:
729:, an ancient or poetic term referring to
1774:"Map of UK Conservation Grazing Schemes"
930:
854:
806:
744:
700:
592:
537:
505:
481:
397:
387:. British chalk deposits are considered
362:
253:
2444:
2118:
1614:
979:
938:with local railway and tunnel (not the
859:White Cliffs of Dover, seen from France
486:Landslide near Dover Harbour, June 2012
402:Evidence of erosion along the cliff top
343:The White Cliffs are at one end of the
14:
2546:National symbols of the United Kingdom
2498:
2486:Dover Museum information on the cliffs
2422:
2276:
2229:
2093:. The National Trust. 1 November 2016.
1643:
1504:
1332:Shakespeare Cliff Halt railway station
32:White Cliffs of Dover (disambiguation)
1728:
1684:
1561:from the original on 18 November 2021
830:lying six miles (10 km) off the
510:Exmoor ponies in their native habitat
2404:
2386:
2108:. Partridge Publishing. p. 212.
2049:
2037:
2013:
1957:
1029:The tide is full, the moon lies fair
705:The Roman lighthouse at Dover Castle
2431:, Oxford: Oxford University Press,
1623:
969:mentions rock samphire in his play
850:
353:van Heyningen and Haward Architects
258:Extent of the White Cliffs of Dover
220:Site of Special Scientific Interest
196:. The cliffs, on both sides of the
24:
2407:A Guide to Norman Sites in Britain
2382:, Kraus International Publications
2319:
1886:
1685:Beard, Matthew (1 February 2001).
1605:
349:Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty
25:
2557:
2531:National Trust properties in Kent
2468:
2378:Cathcart King, David J. (1983),
1969:
1729:Parks, Bryan (3 February 2021).
1281:
1266:
1254:
1242:
1230:
1212:
657:
648:
85:
78:
62:
36:Cliffs of Dover (disambiguation)
2356:Broughton, Bradford B. (1988),
2348:
2313:
2248:
2242:"Bright Eyes – Calais to Dover"
2234:
2189:
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1963:
1933:
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1741:
1722:
1704:
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542:Peregrine falcon off the cliffs
68:Viewed from the Strait of Dover
1899:Journal of Insect Conservation
1539:
1521:
1498:
1476:
1451:
1426:
1404:
1382:
1355:
1261:White Cliffs of Dover footpath
1158:The song "Calais to Dover" by
901:
13:
1:
2491:White Cliffs of Dover website
1505:Dawson, Susan (27 May 1999).
1343:
1220:
1073:wrote and recorded the song "
750:
733:, was derived from the Latin
188:accented by streaks of black
2427:The Oxford Book of Sea Songs
2291:10.1126/science.156.3776.815
1348:
1149:And then we bore up for the
725:It is thought that the name
432:glacial lake outburst floods
224:Special Area of Conservation
7:
2521:Tourist attractions in Kent
2104:Wijs-Reed, Jocelyn (2012).
2091:"The White Cliffs of Dover"
1941:"EN3775 Dover Castle, Kent"
1322:Seaford Head Nature Reserve
1293:
570:, a species of gull. Since
249:
215:The cliffs are part of the
10:
2562:
2447:Murrow, His Life and Times
1973:Oxford Living Dictionaries
1205:
696:
501:
426:, now submerged under the
358:
176:are the region of English
29:
1911:10.1007/s10841-007-9099-0
1219:Shakespeare Cliff, Dover
1064:The White Cliffs of Dover
1026:"The sea is calm tonight,
947:Samphire Hoe Country Park
936:Samphire Hoe Country Park
927:Samphire Hoe Country Park
816:South Foreland Lighthouse
811:South Foreland lighthouse
803:South Foreland Lighthouse
558:. In recent decline, the
217:Dover to Kingsdown Cliffs
156:
142:
107:
73:
61:
52:
45:
2451:Fordham University Press
2159:. ITV News. 17 June 2021
1582:"The Doggerland project"
1580:Professor Bryony Coles.
795:, but Dover was spared.
766:in 1066 and rebuilt for
478:Cliff erosion and change
240:British coastline series
2445:Sperber, A. M. (1998),
2387:Coad, Jonathan (2007),
2244:– via genius.com.
2106:I've Walked My Own Talk
1978:Oxford University Press
192:, deposited during the
2326:University of Adelaide
1873:Butterfly Conservation
1675:. Retrieved 2022-01-25
1659:. Retrieved 2022-01-25
1015:began his lyric poem "
1011:In 1851, English poet
991:In song and literature
943:
860:
812:
756:
706:
679:silver-spotted skipper
638:symbiotic relationship
602:
568:black-legged kittiwake
543:
533:County Wildlife Trusts
511:
487:
420:Weald-Artois Anticline
403:
372:
259:
2322:"On a piece of chalk"
1547:The Royal Institution
1327:Seven Sisters, Sussex
934:
921:Dover Bronze Age Boat
914:was founded in 1836.
858:
810:
764:William the Conqueror
748:
704:
596:
541:
509:
485:
401:
366:
257:
238:, including in their
174:White Cliffs of Dover
93:White Cliffs of Dover
47:White Cliffs of Dover
18:White cliffs of Dover
2423:Palmer, Roy (1986),
2405:Kerr, Nigel (1984),
2391:, English Heritage,
2002:Cathcart King (1983)
1841:"Cliff Top Wildlife"
1673:Science World Report
1586:University of Exeter
1162:from the 2020 album
1075:Many Rivers to Cross
985:Fan Bay Deep Shelter
980:Fan Bay Deep Shelter
957:, between Dover and
709:A possible Iron Age
519:programme involving
127:51.10778°N 1.27861°E
2516:Port of Dover, Kent
1895:Polyommatus coridon
1657:The Washington Post
1630:Discovering Fossils
1549:(5 December 2012).
1514:Architects' Journal
1237:Lighthouse in Dover
1195:Thomas Henry Huxley
1190:On a Piece of Chalk
835:close to the major
754: 1890 to 1900
611:early spider orchid
566:and to colonies of
416:last glacial period
308: /
277: /
123: /
27:English cliff shore
1945:Atlas of Hillforts
1845:The National Trust
944:
878:Dunkirk evacuation
861:
820:St. Margaret's Bay
813:
784:Second Barons' War
757:
707:
603:
599:Crithmum maritimum
544:
512:
488:
467:hardground complex
404:
373:
326:continental Europe
260:
232:continental Europe
226:. The point where
144:Grid position
2506:Cliffs of England
2460:978-0-8232-1881-3
2438:978-0-19-214159-0
2416:978-0-586-08445-8
2398:978-1-905624-21-8
2371:978-0-313-25347-8
2285:(3776): 815–816.
1197:presented to the
1193:was a lecture by
1086:World War II song
1054:Alice Duer Miller
955:Shakespeare Cliff
886:Battle of Britain
780:First Barons' War
720:St Mary in Castro
685:. The well-known
474:) to form chalk.
391:to belong in the
389:stratigraphically
170:
169:
132:51.10778; 1.27861
16:(Redirected from
2553:
2477:
2463:
2441:
2430:
2419:
2401:
2383:
2374:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2337:
2328:. Archived from
2320:Huxley, Thomas.
2317:
2311:
2310:
2274:
2268:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2252:
2246:
2245:
2238:
2232:
2227:
2221:
2220:
2217:The Dover Museum
2209:
2200:
2193:
2187:
2186:
2185:on 27 July 2011.
2181:. Archived from
2179:"Press Releases"
2175:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2164:
2153:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2128:
2122:
2116:
2110:
2109:
2101:
2095:
2094:
2087:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2062:
2053:
2052:, pp. 48–50
2047:
2041:
2040:, pp. 42–47
2035:
2029:
2026:Broughton (1988)
2023:
2017:
2011:
2005:
1999:
1993:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1980:, archived from
1967:
1961:
1960:, pp. 40–41
1955:
1949:
1948:
1947:. 29 April 2018.
1937:
1931:
1930:
1890:
1884:
1883:
1881:
1879:
1870:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1837:
1826:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1805:
1803:
1801:
1789:
1787:
1785:
1780:on 22 April 2018
1770:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1759:
1745:
1739:
1738:
1726:
1720:
1719:
1718:. 15 March 2012.
1708:
1702:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1682:
1676:
1666:
1660:
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1641:
1640:
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1597:
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1537:
1536:
1533:The Dover Museum
1525:
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1375:
1359:
1285:
1270:
1258:
1246:
1234:
1225:
1222:
1216:
1173:The Decemberists
1096:'s 1942 version.
1050:The White Cliffs
942:which is nearby)
851:Second World War
841:Straits of Dover
755:
752:
661:
660:
652:
651:
556:peregrine falcon
424:pro-glacial lake
323:
322:
320:
319:
318:
313:
312:51.200°N 1.400°E
309:
306:
305:
304:
301:
292:
291:
289:
288:
287:
282:
281:51.100°N 1.233°E
278:
275:
274:
273:
270:
152:
138:
137:
135:
134:
133:
128:
124:
121:
120:
119:
116:
99:Location in Kent
89:
88:
82:
66:
43:
42:
21:
2561:
2560:
2556:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2550:
2541:Chalk landforms
2526:Strait of Dover
2511:Geology of Kent
2496:
2495:
2475:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2439:
2417:
2399:
2372:
2362:Greenwood Press
2351:
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2254:
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2240:
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2172:
2162:
2160:
2155:
2154:
2150:
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2138:
2130:
2129:
2125:
2117:
2113:
2102:
2098:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2074:
2072:
2064:
2063:
2056:
2048:
2044:
2036:
2032:
2024:
2020:
2012:
2008:
2000:
1996:
1987:
1985:
1968:
1964:
1956:
1952:
1939:
1938:
1934:
1891:
1887:
1877:
1875:
1868:
1864:
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1710:
1709:
1705:
1695:
1693:
1691:The Independent
1683:
1679:
1667:
1663:
1651:
1644:
1634:
1632:
1622:
1615:
1610:. Geology Shop.
1604:
1600:
1590:
1588:
1578:
1574:
1564:
1562:
1544:
1540:
1527:
1526:
1522:
1503:
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1432:
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1427:
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1410:
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1405:
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1388:
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1371:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1296:
1289:
1286:
1277:
1271:
1262:
1259:
1250:
1247:
1238:
1235:
1226:
1223:
1217:
1208:
1084:" is a popular
1080:The 1941 song "
993:
982:
929:
909:
904:
865:English Channel
853:
805:
753:
743:
699:
671:
670:
669:
668:
664:
663:
662:
658:
654:
653:
649:
634:horseshoe vetch
623:Viper's-bugloss
597:Rock Samphire (
529:Natural England
516:chalk grassland
504:
480:
377:Late Cretaceous
361:
334:Alabaster Coast
330:Strait of Dover
316:
314:
310:
307:
302:
299:
297:
295:
294:
285:
283:
279:
276:
271:
268:
266:
264:
263:
252:
194:Late Cretaceous
182:Strait of Dover
148:
131:
129:
125:
122:
117:
114:
112:
110:
109:
103:
102:
101:
100:
97:
96:
95:
94:
90:
69:
57:
48:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2559:
2549:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2494:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2470:
2469:External links
2467:
2465:
2464:
2459:
2442:
2437:
2420:
2415:
2402:
2397:
2384:
2375:
2370:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2344:
2343:
2312:
2269:
2247:
2233:
2222:
2201:
2188:
2170:
2148:
2123:
2119:Sperber (1998)
2111:
2096:
2082:
2070:National Trust
2054:
2042:
2030:
2018:
2006:
1994:
1962:
1950:
1932:
1905:(6): 629–638.
1885:
1857:
1827:
1816:. 8 March 2011
1765:
1740:
1721:
1703:
1677:
1661:
1642:
1624:Shepard, Roy.
1613:
1606:Harris, C. S.
1598:
1572:
1538:
1520:
1497:
1475:
1450:
1425:
1403:
1381:
1353:
1352:
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1334:
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1229:
1227:
1218:
1211:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1202:
1186:
1170:
1155:
1154:
1151:South Foreland
1147:
1136:
1117:
1109:
1108:
1105:Spanish Ladies
1097:
1078:
1068:
1042:
1041:
1040:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1021:
1020:
1013:Matthew Arnold
1008:
1007:
992:
989:
981:
978:
951:Channel Tunnel
940:Channel Tunnel
928:
925:
908:
905:
903:
900:
869:National Trust
852:
849:
837:shipping lanes
804:
801:
742:
739:
698:
695:
675:chalkhill blue
666:
665:
656:
655:
647:
646:
645:
644:
643:
525:National Trust
503:
500:
496:football pitch
479:
476:
408:Alpine orogeny
360:
357:
251:
248:
230:is closest to
210:National Trust
168:
167:
158:
154:
153:
146:
140:
139:
105:
104:
98:
92:
91:
84:
83:
77:
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75:
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71:
70:
67:
59:
58:
53:
50:
49:
46:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2558:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2514:
2512:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2478:
2473:
2472:
2462:
2456:
2452:
2448:
2443:
2440:
2434:
2429:
2428:
2421:
2418:
2412:
2408:
2403:
2400:
2394:
2390:
2385:
2381:
2376:
2373:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2354:
2353:
2332:on 1 May 2018
2331:
2327:
2323:
2316:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2273:
2259:
2258:
2251:
2243:
2237:
2231:
2230:Palmer (1986)
2226:
2218:
2214:
2208:
2206:
2198:
2192:
2184:
2180:
2174:
2158:
2152:
2137:
2133:
2127:
2121:, p. 161
2120:
2115:
2107:
2100:
2092:
2086:
2071:
2067:
2061:
2059:
2051:
2046:
2039:
2034:
2028:, p. 102
2027:
2022:
2015:
2010:
2004:, p. 230
2003:
1998:
1984:on 1 May 2018
1983:
1979:
1975:
1974:
1966:
1959:
1954:
1946:
1942:
1936:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1889:
1874:
1867:
1866:"Adonis blue"
1861:
1846:
1842:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1815:
1811:
1795:
1779:
1775:
1769:
1754:
1750:
1744:
1736:
1732:
1725:
1717:
1713:
1707:
1692:
1688:
1681:
1674:
1670:
1665:
1658:
1654:
1649:
1647:
1631:
1627:
1620:
1618:
1609:
1608:"Chalk facts"
1602:
1587:
1583:
1576:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1542:
1534:
1530:
1524:
1516:
1515:
1509:
1501:
1485:
1479:
1464:
1460:
1454:
1439:
1435:
1429:
1413:
1407:
1391:
1385:
1370:
1369:
1364:
1358:
1354:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1299:
1298:
1284:
1279:
1275:
1269:
1264:
1257:
1252:
1245:
1240:
1233:
1228:
1215:
1210:
1209:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1184:
1180:
1179:
1174:
1171:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1148:
1145:
1141:
1138:We sailed by
1137:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1115:
1111:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1076:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1060:
1059:Lynn Fontanne
1055:
1051:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1009:
1005:
1004:
999:
995:
994:
988:
986:
977:
974:
973:
968:
964:
963:rock samphire
960:
956:
952:
948:
941:
937:
933:
924:
922:
917:
913:
899:
897:
893:
889:
887:
883:
879:
875:
870:
866:
857:
848:
846:
842:
838:
833:
829:
825:
824:Goodwin Sands
821:
817:
809:
800:
796:
794:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
747:
738:
736:
732:
731:Great Britain
728:
723:
721:
716:
712:
703:
694:
692:
691:marbled white
688:
684:
680:
676:
642:
639:
636:and it has a
635:
631:
626:
624:
620:
616:
615:Rock samphire
612:
608:
600:
595:
591:
589:
588:house martins
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
540:
536:
534:
530:
526:
522:
521:Exmoor ponies
517:
508:
499:
497:
492:
484:
475:
473:
468:
463:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
444:hardened into
441:
436:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
400:
396:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
370:
365:
356:
354:
350:
346:
341:
339:
335:
331:
327:
321:
317:51.200; 1.400
290:
286:51.100; 1.233
256:
247:
245:
244:UK A-Z series
241:
237:
233:
229:
228:Great Britain
225:
221:
218:
213:
211:
207:
203:
199:
198:town of Dover
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
166:
162:
159:
155:
151:
147:
145:
141:
136:
108:Coordinates:
106:
81:
72:
65:
60:
56:
51:
44:
41:
37:
33:
19:
2446:
2426:
2406:
2389:Dover Castle
2388:
2379:
2357:
2349:Bibliography
2334:. Retrieved
2330:the original
2315:
2282:
2278:
2272:
2261:, retrieved
2256:
2250:
2236:
2225:
2216:
2196:
2191:
2183:the original
2173:
2161:. Retrieved
2151:
2139:. Retrieved
2135:
2126:
2114:
2105:
2099:
2085:
2073:. Retrieved
2069:
2045:
2033:
2021:
2016:, p. 44
2009:
1997:
1986:, retrieved
1982:the original
1972:
1965:
1953:
1944:
1935:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1888:
1876:. Retrieved
1872:
1860:
1848:. Retrieved
1844:
1818:. Retrieved
1813:
1798:. Retrieved
1782:. Retrieved
1778:the original
1768:
1756:. Retrieved
1752:
1743:
1734:
1724:
1715:
1706:
1694:. Retrieved
1690:
1680:
1672:
1664:
1656:
1633:. Retrieved
1629:
1601:
1589:. Retrieved
1575:
1563:. Retrieved
1541:
1532:
1523:
1512:
1500:
1488:. Retrieved
1478:
1468:24 September
1466:. Retrieved
1462:
1453:
1443:24 September
1441:. Retrieved
1437:
1428:
1416:. Retrieved
1406:
1394:. Retrieved
1384:
1372:. Retrieved
1366:
1357:
1249:Dover Castle
1188:
1177:
1164:
1088:composed by
1062:
1049:
1001:
983:
970:
945:
923:was opened.
912:Dover Museum
910:
907:Dover Museum
890:
874:little ships
862:
839:through the
814:
797:
760:Dover Castle
758:
741:Dover Castle
734:
724:
715:A lighthouse
708:
672:
627:
604:
598:
576:World War II
545:
513:
493:
489:
464:
437:
405:
374:
369:Cap Gris Nez
342:
261:
242:in 2002 and
214:
173:
171:
40:
2409:, Granada,
2195:Paul Holt,
2075:24 February
2050:Coad (2007)
2038:Coad (2007)
2014:Kerr (1984)
1958:Coad (2007)
1758:10 November
1635:10 November
1337:South Downs
1307:Beachy Head
1224: 1905
1183:Colin Meloy
1160:Bright Eyes
1090:Walter Kent
1071:Jimmy Cliff
1047:verse novel
1017:Dover Beach
998:Shakespeare
967:Shakespeare
902:Attractions
687:red admiral
683:straw belle
630:Adonis blue
607:wildflowers
452:brachiopods
406:Due to the
393:Chalk Group
375:During the
347:designated
315: /
284: /
206:North Downs
180:facing the
130: /
2536:Kent coast
2500:Categories
2141:9 November
1850:9 November
1696:7 November
1490:25 October
1418:15 January
1396:1 February
1374:1 December
1344:References
1317:Møns Klint
1312:Kap Arkona
1274:Folkestone
1178:Picaresque
1146:and Dover,
1129:Portsmouth
1101:sea shanty
959:Folkestone
788:Henry VIII
605:Among the
586:and/or to
381:coccoliths
345:Kent Downs
236:Royal Mail
115:51°06′28″N
55:Sea cliffs
2307:239878411
1919:1366-638X
1753:Kent Life
1591:3 January
1349:Citations
1144:Fairlight
1121:Rame Head
1094:Vera Lynn
1003:King Lear
972:King Lear
892:Vera Lynn
882:dogfights
828:North Sea
776:Henry III
772:King John
619:broomrape
572:bluebirds
472:lithified
448:Micraster
428:North Sea
246:in 2012.
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