20:
196:
27:
203:
even lightly damaged trees are likely to be removed in urban and public traffic surroundings. As a tree ages and nears the end of its safe useful life expectancy (SULE), its perceived amenity value is decreased greatly. A risk assessment normally carried out by local council's arborist to determine the best course of action. As with all public green spaces, trees in green urban spaces and their careful conservation is sometimes in conflict with aggressive
410:
Urban
Forestry maintains 4.1 million trees on public property, which includes an estimated 3.5 million trees within Toronto's parks and ravines, and approximately 600,000 trees on City streets. ... The focus of our maintenance service is shifting progressively from reactive maintenance to proactive
202:
While the perceived risk of death by falling trees (a part of the "tree risk" complex) is influenced by media and often hyped (the objective risk has been reported to be close to 1 : 10.000.000, almost as low as death by lightning), singular events have encouraged a "proactive" stance so that
105:
wounds, etc.) and narrow felling zones with endangered nearby buildings, parking cars, etc.. The required equipment and experience usually transcends private means and is often considered too costly as a permanent part of the
679:
223:. Programs include the planting of 2 trees for every 1 tree removed, while some councils are paying land owners to keep trees instead of removing them for farming or construction.
621:
Ho Chi Minh City has announced a plan to move and cut down 300 trees on Ton Duc Thang Street in
District 1 to make space for a bridge connecting to District 2 and a metro station.
296:
219:
programs implemented by a growing number of cities, local councils and organizations is mitigating the losses and in most cases increasing the number of trees in
240:
standard, the generally accepted industry standard for tree care practices including trees, shrubs, and other woody plants. It includes the following parts:
89:
against the dangers of tree care have helped the industry evolve. Especially felling in space-limited environments poses significant risks: the vicinity of
354:
657:
616:
526:
424:
480:
463:
707:
405:
301:
582:
378:
306:
425:"Tree protection in Frankfurt : Stadt Frankfurt am Main | Dezernat Umwelt und Gesundheit | Umweltamt"
715:
564:
284:
379:"Urban Forestry Management in Denver Colorado - Denver Tree Service - Tree Removal - Snow Removal"
747:
78:
273:
107:
257:
123:
67:
19:
449:
8:
658:"NVIM Quick Reference Guide. Obligations under the Biodiversity Conservation Strategy"
520:
318:
212:
204:
195:
59:
74:
249:
146:
115:
98:
86:
26:
540:
481:"NOTES ON SAFE USEFUL LIFE EXPECTANCY (SULE RATING) AS USED IN TREE DESCRIPTION"
742:
323:
185:
134:
94:
82:
47:
236:
The voluntary industry consensus standards developed by TCIA, resulted in the
114:
may suffice, but large-scale tree care usually calls for heavy machinery like
736:
503:"Tree Risk Assessment Methods: A Comparison of Three Common Evaluation Forms"
501:
Northrop, Andrew K. Koeser, Gitta Hasing, Drew McLean, and Rob (2016-12-20).
267:
216:
181:
161:
like the spotted lantern fly. When tree removal is not an option, because of
138:
31:
328:
162:
119:
708:"News: Expert workshop on Tree Care and Arboriculture standards in Europe"
727:
333:
208:
174:
166:
142:
127:
617:"Ho Chi Minh City announces massive tree removal plan for metro station"
601:
36:
722:
158:
90:
63:
237:
170:
102:
583:"Redevelopment, urban tree removal raise city residents' concerns"
677:
502:
244:
207:
even though it is often understood how urban trees contribute to
150:
111:
55:
51:
602:"Are developers to blame for loss of tree cover in urban areas?"
220:
154:
355:"Practical Guidelines for Young Tree Care - Cornwall Council"
634:"Buy Trees and Learn About Trees - Visit our Online Nursery"
633:
77:
are at the center of attention for the tree care industry.
71:
614:
85:
also set high demands on professional tree care. High
211:
of suburbs and cities both objectively (reduction of
565:"Greening Our Streets Street Tree Management Plan"
599:
541:"Tree Removal Australia – Stay Smart, Save Money"
165:considerations, the main challenge is to achieve
734:
173:, blockage-free lanes, etc.) while maintaining
580:
525:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
290:
110:. In singular cases, traditional tools like
16:Arbocultural practices in built environments
400:
398:
710:. environmental partnership association.
500:
194:
133:Road side trees are especially prone to
25:
18:
735:
678:Advanced Solutions International Inc.
570:. City of Whittlesea, Australia. 2016.
395:
302:International Society of Arboriculture
422:
716:"Cover Story: State of the Industry"
615:Dinh Muoi, Thanh Nien News (2016).
352:
13:
14:
759:
700:
723:Arbor Day Foundation - Tree care
231:
215:effect, etc.) and subjectively.
153:which makes them susceptible to
671:
650:
626:
608:
593:
574:
557:
307:European Arboricultural Council
190:
533:
494:
473:
456:
442:
416:
371:
346:
297:Tree Care Industry Association
1:
718:. Lawn & Landscape. 2013.
339:
383:environmentaltreecarellc.com
254:Supplemental support systems
226:
101:(against falling dead wood,
7:
406:"Urban Forestry Operations"
312:
10:
764:
600:eugenie stockmann (2016).
285:Integrated pest management
179:
291:Professional associations
278:Root management standard
680:"TCIA | A300 Standards"
157:infections and various
665:environment.vic.gov.au
488:strathfield.nsw.gov.au
429:frankfurt-greencity.de
423:Frankfurt, Umweltamt.
199:
79:Landscape architecture
46:is the application of
40:
23:
581:Peter Mitham (2015).
450:"spotted lantern fly"
274:vegetation management
198:
108:public infrastructure
29:
22:
281:Tree risk assessment
258:Lightning protection
408:. City of Toronto.
359:www.cornwall.gov.uk
353:Council, Cornwall.
604:. The Green Swing.
587:Business Vancouver
200:
60:built environments
41:
24:
507:edis.ifas.ufl.edu
319:Forest management
213:urban heat island
205:urban development
755:
719:
711:
694:
693:
691:
690:
675:
669:
668:
662:
654:
648:
647:
645:
644:
638:www.arborday.org
630:
624:
623:
612:
606:
605:
597:
591:
590:
578:
572:
571:
569:
561:
555:
554:
552:
551:
537:
531:
530:
524:
516:
514:
513:
498:
492:
491:
485:
477:
471:
470:
468:
460:
454:
453:
446:
440:
439:
437:
436:
420:
414:
413:
402:
393:
392:
390:
389:
375:
369:
368:
366:
365:
350:
87:safety standards
75:woody vegetation
54:, trimming, and
30:Tree trimmer on
763:
762:
758:
757:
756:
754:
753:
752:
733:
732:
728:Our City Forest
714:
706:
703:
698:
697:
688:
686:
676:
672:
660:
656:
655:
651:
642:
640:
632:
631:
627:
613:
609:
598:
594:
579:
575:
567:
563:
562:
558:
549:
547:
539:
538:
534:
518:
517:
511:
509:
499:
495:
483:
479:
478:
474:
466:
462:
461:
457:
448:
447:
443:
434:
432:
421:
417:
404:
403:
396:
387:
385:
377:
376:
372:
363:
361:
351:
347:
342:
315:
293:
250:Soil management
234:
229:
193:
188:
169:(visibility of
147:soil compaction
99:protective gear
97:, insufficient
95:telephone lines
70:, backyard and
37:Click for video
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
761:
751:
750:
748:Urban forestry
745:
731:
730:
725:
720:
712:
702:
701:External links
699:
696:
695:
670:
649:
625:
607:
592:
573:
556:
532:
493:
472:
455:
441:
415:
394:
370:
344:
343:
341:
338:
337:
336:
331:
326:
324:Tree injection
321:
314:
311:
310:
309:
304:
299:
292:
289:
288:
287:
282:
279:
276:
270:
264:
261:
255:
252:
247:
233:
230:
228:
225:
192:
189:
186:Urban forestry
135:abiotic stress
83:urban forestry
48:arboricultural
32:tracked treads
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
760:
749:
746:
744:
741:
740:
738:
729:
726:
724:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
704:
685:
681:
674:
666:
659:
653:
639:
635:
629:
622:
618:
611:
603:
596:
588:
584:
577:
566:
560:
546:
542:
536:
528:
522:
508:
504:
497:
489:
482:
476:
465:
459:
451:
445:
430:
426:
419:
412:
407:
401:
399:
384:
380:
374:
360:
356:
349:
345:
335:
332:
330:
327:
325:
322:
320:
317:
316:
308:
305:
303:
300:
298:
295:
294:
286:
283:
280:
277:
275:
271:
269:
268:transplanting
266:Planting and
265:
262:
259:
256:
253:
251:
248:
246:
243:
242:
241:
239:
232:United States
224:
222:
218:
217:Tree planting
214:
210:
206:
197:
187:
183:
182:Arboriculture
178:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
139:exhaust fumes
136:
131:
129:
125:
121:
120:bucket trucks
117:
113:
109:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
76:
73:
69:
65:
61:
58:/thinning in
57:
53:
50:methods like
49:
45:
38:
33:
28:
21:
687:. Retrieved
684:www.tcia.org
683:
673:
664:
652:
641:. Retrieved
637:
628:
620:
610:
595:
586:
576:
559:
548:. Retrieved
545:GoTreeQuotes
544:
535:
510:. Retrieved
506:
496:
487:
475:
464:"EPA – Home"
458:
444:
433:. Retrieved
428:
418:
411:maintenance.
409:
386:. Retrieved
382:
373:
362:. Retrieved
358:
348:
329:Tree surgeon
235:
201:
191:Tree removal
163:road ecology
132:
128:woodchippers
43:
42:
431:(in German)
334:Tree health
272:Integrated
209:liveability
175:tree health
167:road safety
159:plant pests
143:road debris
737:Categories
689:2018-04-06
643:2018-04-06
550:2018-04-06
512:2018-04-06
435:2018-04-06
388:2018-06-11
364:2018-04-06
340:References
263:Management
180:See also:
171:road signs
124:harvesters
64:Road verge
238:ANSI A300
227:Standards
68:greenways
44:Tree care
521:cite web
313:See also
221:suburbia
141:, toxic
112:handsaws
103:chainsaw
260:systems
245:Pruning
151:drought
56:felling
52:pruning
155:fungal
149:, and
126:, and
116:cranes
743:Trees
661:(PDF)
568:(PDF)
484:(PDF)
467:(PDF)
91:power
527:link
184:and
81:and
72:park
137:by
93:or
739::
682:.
663:.
636:.
619:.
585:.
543:.
523:}}
519:{{
505:.
486:.
427:.
397:^
381:.
357:.
177:.
145:,
130:.
122:,
118:,
66:,
62:.
692:.
667:.
646:.
589:.
553:.
529:)
515:.
490:.
469:.
452:.
438:.
391:.
367:.
39:)
35:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
